200 lines
19 KiB
XML
200 lines
19 KiB
XML
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<mods:titleInfo id="20E175FDCB3E7EC83843D3DBAE006492">
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<mods:title id="1D30E71BA601249E24828EC6E845EA35">Nycteridae</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="995F72B54F0914BC6EB3744FC01EE921">Don E. Wilson</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="B6317304DC9EB6090FE97AAE6B0A9E5E">Russell A. Mittermeier</mods:namePart>
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<mods:dateIssued id="A4446CCA51E6019D4C98569957297279">2019</mods:dateIssued>
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<mods:dateOther id="EC4EA4C10CF8F9EDFBD51375D055D14A" type="pubDate">2019-10-31</mods:dateOther>
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<mods:publisher id="3726E418E17ED4A9CFB3AB16A134162D">Lynx Edicions</mods:publisher>
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<mods:placeTerm id="1936F7C4B95815F9FA37D8A707BC6EB8">Barcelona</mods:placeTerm>
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<mods:titleInfo id="BBB11226A51E3C10E9225BBDD36ADD12">
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<mods:title id="93A0C08014F535043A9B87ED92419622">Handbook of the Mammals of the World – Volume 9 Bats</mods:title>
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<treatment id="038D264C754AD70E8599FE1751AFF7F2" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6491578" ID-GBIF-Taxon="195828957" ID-Zenodo-Dep="6491578" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:038D264C754AD70E8599FE1751AFF7F2" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/038D264C754AD70E8599FE1751AFF7F2" lastPageNumber="385" pageId="5" pageNumber="385">
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<subSubSection id="C33EC4D1754AD70E8599FE1752DDFD9B" box="[131,163,504,550]" pageId="5" pageNumber="385" type="multiple">
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<paragraph id="8B9B975A754AD70E8599FE1752DDFD9B" blockId="5.[129,980,504,630]" box="[131,163,504,550]" pageId="5" pageNumber="385">
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<heading id="D0D32036754AD70E8599FE1752DDFD9B" box="[131,163,504,550]" pageId="5" pageNumber="385">
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<figureCitation id="131F8BDF754AD70E8599FE1752DDFD9B" box="[131,163,504,550]" captionStart="Plate 28: Nycteridae" captionStartId="3.[135,165,3373,3398]" captionTargetBox="[17,2765,13,3656]" captionTargetPageId="2" captionText="1. Bates’s Slit-faced Bat (Nycteris arge), 2. Intermediate Slitfaced Bat (Nycteris intermedia), 3. Dwarf Slit-faced Bat (Nycteris nana), 4. Dja Slitfaced Bat (Nycteris major), 5. Malayan Slit-faced Bat (Nycteris tragata), 6. Javan Slit-faced Bat (Nycteris javanica), 7. Andersen’s Slit-faced Bat (Nycteris aurita), 8. Large Slitfaced Bat (Nycteris grandis), 9. Hairy Slitfaced Bat (Nycteris hispida), 10. Large-eared Slit-faced Bat (Nycteris macrotis), 11. Madagascar Slitfaced Bat (Nycteris madagascariensis), 12. Parisi’s Slitfaced Bat (Nycteris parisii), 13. Wood's Shitfaced Bat (Nycteris wood), 14. Gambian Slitfaced Bat (Nycteris gambiensis), 15. Egyptian Slitfaced Bat (Nycteris thebaica)" figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6576984" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6576984/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="385">9.</figureCitation>
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</heading>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C33EC4D1754AD70E85AEFE17503BFD9B" box="[180,581,504,550]" pageId="5" pageNumber="385" type="vernacular_names">
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<paragraph id="8B9B975A754AD70E85AEFE17503BFD9B" blockId="5.[129,980,504,630]" box="[180,581,504,550]" pageId="5" pageNumber="385">
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<heading id="D0D32036754AD70E85AEFE17503BFD9B" box="[180,581,504,550]" pageId="5" pageNumber="385">
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<vernacularName id="0527E774754AD70E85AEFE17503BFD9B" box="[180,581,504,550]" pageId="5" pageNumber="385">Hairy Slitfaced Bat</vernacularName>
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</heading>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C33EC4D1754AD70E876DFE1751E0FD9B" box="[631,926,504,550]" pageId="5" pageNumber="385" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph id="8B9B975A754AD70E876DFE1751E0FD9B" blockId="5.[129,980,504,630]" box="[631,926,504,550]" pageId="5" pageNumber="385">
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<heading id="D0D32036754AD70E876DFE1751E0FD9B" box="[631,926,504,550]" pageId="5" pageNumber="385">
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||
<taxonomicName id="4C24ECD9754AD70E876DFE1751E0FD9B" ID-CoL="485DK" baseAuthorityName="Schreber" baseAuthorityYear="1775" box="[631,926,504,550]" class="Mammalia" family="Nycteridae" genus="Nycteris" kingdom="Animalia" order="Chiroptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="385" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="hispida">
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<emphasis id="B9504B48754AD70E876DFE1751E0FD9B" box="[631,926,504,550]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="385">Nycteris hispida</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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</heading>
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</paragraph>
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||
</subSubSection>
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||
<subSubSection id="C33EC4D1754AD70E8599FDD7502BFDC9" pageId="5" pageNumber="385" type="vernacular_names">
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<paragraph id="8B9B975A754AD70E8599FDD751ADFDF0" blockId="5.[129,980,504,630]" box="[131,979,568,589]" pageId="5" pageNumber="385">
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<heading id="D0D32036754AD70E8599FDD751ADFDF0" box="[131,979,568,589]" pageId="5" pageNumber="385">
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<emphasis id="B9504B48754AD70E8599FDD752B0FDF0" bold="true" box="[131,206,568,589]" pageId="5" pageNumber="385">French:</emphasis>
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<vernacularName id="0527E774754AD70E85C2FDD7530AFDF0" box="[216,372,568,589]" pageId="5" pageNumber="385">Nyctere hérissé</vernacularName>
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/
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<emphasis id="B9504B48754AD70E8493FDD7539DFDF0" bold="true" box="[393,483,568,589]" pageId="5" pageNumber="385">German:</emphasis>
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<vernacularName id="0527E774754AD70E84F7FDD750C0FDF0" box="[493,702,568,589]" pageId="5" pageNumber="385">Gemeine Schlitznase</vernacularName>
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/ erizado
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</heading>
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8B9B975A754AD70E8598FDB0502BFDC9" blockId="5.[129,980,504,630]" box="[130,597,607,628]" pageId="5" pageNumber="385">
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<heading id="D0D32036754AD70E8598FDB0502BFDC9" box="[130,597,607,628]" pageId="5" pageNumber="385">
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<emphasis id="B9504B48754AD70E8598FDB05307FDC9" bold="true" box="[130,377,607,628]" pageId="5" pageNumber="385">Other common names:</emphasis>
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<vernacularName id="0527E774754AD70E8499FDB0502BFDC9" box="[387,597,607,628]" pageId="5" pageNumber="385">Hairy Long-eared Bat</vernacularName>
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</heading>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C33EC4D1754AD70E87FDFD4C514FFD56" pageId="5" pageNumber="385" type="reference_group">
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<paragraph id="8B9B975A754AD70E87FDFD4C514FFD56" blockId="5.[743,1336,675,1102]" pageId="5" pageNumber="385">
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<emphasis id="B9504B48754AD70E87FDFD4C51FDFD79" bold="true" box="[743,899,675,708]" pageId="5" pageNumber="385">Taxonomy.</emphasis>
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<taxonomicName id="4C24ECD9754AD70E86BAFD4C5153FD56" authorityName="Schreber" authorityYear="1774" class="Mammalia" family="Nycteridae" genus="Vespertillo" kingdom="Animalia" order="Chiroptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="385" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="hispidus">Vespertilio hispidus Schreber, 1774</taxonomicName>
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,
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C33EC4D1754AD70E8626FD2151D1FD56" box="[828,943,718,747]" pageId="5" pageNumber="385" type="materials_examined">
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<paragraph id="8B9B975A754AD70E8626FD2151D1FD56" blockId="5.[743,1336,675,1102]" box="[828,943,718,747]" pageId="5" pageNumber="385">
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<materialsCitation id="3B4C9D07754AD70E8626FD2151D1FD56" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3804723314" box="[828,943,718,747]" pageId="5" pageNumber="385">
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<collectingCountry id="F333D7CA754AD70E8626FD2151D5FD56" box="[828,939,718,747]" name="Senegal" pageId="5" pageNumber="385">Senegal</collectingCountry>
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.
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</materialsCitation>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C33EC4D1754AD70E87F2FD1D5673FCDC" pageId="5" pageNumber="385" type="discussion">
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<paragraph id="8B9B975A754AD70E87F2FD1D5673FCDC" blockId="5.[743,1336,675,1102]" pageId="5" pageNumber="385">
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<taxonomicName id="4C24ECD9754AD70E87F2FD1D51BEFCAE" baseAuthorityName="Schreber" baseAuthorityYear="1775" box="[744,960,754,787]" class="Mammalia" family="Nycteridae" genus="Nycteris" kingdom="Animalia" order="Chiroptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="385" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="hispida">Nycteris hispida</taxonomicName>
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belongs to the
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<taxonomicName id="4C24ECD9754AD70E81C6FD1D5746FCAE" baseAuthorityName="Schreber" baseAuthorityYear="1775" box="[1244,1336,754,787]" class="Mammalia" family="Nycteridae" genus="Nycteris" kingdom="Animalia" order="Chiroptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="385" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="hispida">hispida</taxonomicName>
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group. It was previously conspecific with
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<taxonomicName id="4C24ECD9754AD70E87F2FCAB511FFCDC" authorityName="K. Andersen" authorityYear="1912" box="[744,865,836,865]" class="Mammalia" family="Nycteridae" genus="Nycteris" kingdom="Animalia" order="Chiroptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="385" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="aurita">N. aurita</taxonomicName>
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. Monotypic.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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||
<subSubSection id="C33EC4D1754AD70E87FDFC8756ACFBF3" pageId="5" pageNumber="385" type="distribution">
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<caption id="DF5BC7D2754AD70E87FDFC8756ACFBF3" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6576962" ID-Zenodo-Dep="6576962" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6576962/files/figure.png" inLine="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="385" targetBox="[128,720,681,1095]" targetPageId="5">
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<paragraph id="8B9B975A754AD70E87FDFC8756ACFBF3" blockId="5.[743,1336,675,1102]" pageId="5" pageNumber="385">
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<emphasis id="B9504B48754AD70E87FDFC8751E9FC34" bold="true" box="[743,919,872,905]" pageId="5" pageNumber="385">Distribution.</emphasis>
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Widely distributed in tropical Africa from
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<collectingCountry id="F333D7CA754AD70E86C2FC60560DFC0D" box="[984,1139,911,944]" name="Mauritania" pageId="5" pageNumber="385">Mauritania</collectingCountry>
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and
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<collectingCountry id="F333D7CA754AD70E81D3FC605748FC0D" box="[1225,1334,911,944]" name="Senegal" pageId="5" pageNumber="385">Senegal</collectingCountry>
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in NW to
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<collectingCountry id="F333D7CA754AD70E8699FC585182FC65" box="[899,1020,951,984]" name="Ethiopia" pageId="5" pageNumber="385">Ethiopia</collectingCountry>
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,
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<collectingCountry id="F333D7CA754AD70E8109FC585615FC65" box="[1043,1131,951,984]" name="Kenya" pageId="5" pageNumber="385">Kenya</collectingCountry>
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, and
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<collectingCountry id="F333D7CA754AD70E81DDFC585748FC65" box="[1223,1334,951,984]" name="Somalia" pageId="5" pageNumber="385">Somalia</collectingCountry>
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in NE, S to
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<collectingCountry id="F333D7CA754AD70E8697FC0D518AFC42" box="[909,1012,994,1023]" name="Angola" pageId="5" pageNumber="385">Angola</collectingCountry>
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,
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<collectingCountry id="F333D7CA754AD70E811CFC0D56F5FC42" box="[1030,1163,994,1023]" name="Botswana" pageId="5" pageNumber="385">Botswana</collectingCountry>
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,
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<collectingCountry id="F333D7CA754AD70E8187FC0D5751FC42" box="[1181,1327,994,1023]" name="Zimbabwe" pageId="5" pageNumber="385">Zimbabwe</collectingCountry>
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, and
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<collectingCountry id="F333D7CA754AD70E8632FBE9519CFB9A" box="[808,994,1030,1063]" name="Mozambique" pageId="5" pageNumber="385">Mozambique</collectingCountry>
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, with an apparently isolated population in E
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<collectingCountry id="F333D7CA754AD70E8106FBC256B0FBF3" box="[1052,1230,1069,1102]" name="South Africa" pageId="5" pageNumber="385">South Africa</collectingCountry>
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.
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</paragraph>
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</caption>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C33EC4D1754AD70E859AFBB7530FFA12" pageId="5" pageNumber="385" type="description">
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<paragraph id="8B9B975A754AD70E859AFBB7530FFA12" blockId="5.[125,1334,1112,2127]" pageId="5" pageNumber="385">
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<emphasis id="B9504B48754AD70E859AFBB75300FBC8" bold="true" box="[128,382,1112,1141]" pageId="5" pageNumber="385">Descriptive notes.</emphasis>
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Head-body 40-50 mm, tail 41-56 mm, ear 19-24 mm, hindfoot 9-10 mm, forearm 34-44 mm; weight 6-12 g. The Hairy Slit-faced Batis small, with short rounded wings. Longitudinal cleft runs along top of muzzle, covering noseleaves. Fur is long and flufty, reddish brown to grayish brown dorsally, and slightly lighter ventrally. Ears are long but relatively short fora slit-faced bat. Wing membranes are dark brown and free of hairs. There are no obvious sexual differences in pelage. Chromosomal complement has 2n = 42 and FNa =
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<quantity id="4CDC3ABF754AD70E8672FAAF51D0FADC" box="[872,942,1344,1377]" metricMagnitude="0" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.9812" pageId="5" pageNumber="385" unit="in" value="78.0">78 in</quantity>
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<collectingCountry id="F333D7CA754AD70E86A1FAAF5652FADC" box="[955,1068,1344,1377]" name="Somalia" pageId="5" pageNumber="385">Somalia</collectingCountry>
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. Echolocation call is multiharmonic and involves a steep FM sweep with peak frequencies at 40 kHz, 60 kHz, and 80 kz.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C33EC4D1754AD70E859AFA585105F9F3" pageId="5" pageNumber="385" type="biology_ecology">
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<paragraph id="8B9B975A754AD70E859AFA585105F9F3" blockId="5.[125,1334,1112,2127]" pageId="5" pageNumber="385">
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<emphasis id="B9504B48754AD70E859AFA585291FA65" bold="true" box="[128,239,1463,1496]" pageId="5" pageNumber="385">Habitat.</emphasis>
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Variety of tropical savanna and forest habitats including miombo woodland with
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<taxonomicName id="4C24ECD9754AD70E85D9FA0D5339FA42" box="[195,327,1506,1535]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Fabaceae" genus="Isoberlinia" kingdom="Plantae" order="Fabales" pageId="5" pageNumber="385" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">Isoberlinia</taxonomicName>
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and
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<taxonomicName id="4C24ECD9754AD70E8490FA0D5059FA42" box="[394,551,1506,1535]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Fabaceae" genus="Brachystegia" kingdom="Plantae" order="Fabales" pageId="5" pageNumber="385" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">Brachystegia</taxonomicName>
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(both
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<taxonomicName id="4C24ECD9754AD70E879FFA0D5173FA42" box="[645,781,1506,1535]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Fabaceae" kingdom="Plantae" order="Fabales" pageId="5" pageNumber="385" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="family">Fabaceae</taxonomicName>
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), lowland rainforest, forest-savanna mosaic, and agroecosystems such as banana plantations. The Hairy Slit-faced Bat appears to avoid higher elevations and semiarid environments.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C33EC4D1754AD70E8565F9BB5698F9C8" box="[127,1254,1620,1653]" pageId="5" pageNumber="385" type="food_feeding">
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<paragraph id="8B9B975A754AD70E8565F9BB5698F9C8" blockId="5.[125,1334,1112,2127]" box="[127,1254,1620,1653]" pageId="5" pageNumber="385">
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||
<emphasis id="B9504B48754AD70E8565F9BB53FBF9C8" bold="true" box="[127,389,1620,1653]" pageId="5" pageNumber="385">Food and Feeding.</emphasis>
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The Hairy Slitfaced Bat eats various insects including moths.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C33EC4D1754AD70E8565F99356CCF951" pageId="5" pageNumber="385" type="breeding">
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<paragraph id="8B9B975A754AD70E8565F99356CCF951" blockId="5.[125,1334,1112,2127]" pageId="5" pageNumber="385">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9504B48754AD70E8565F9935378F920" bold="true" box="[127,262,1660,1693]" pageId="5" pageNumber="385">Breeding.</emphasis>
|
||
Births of Hairy Slitfaced Bats have been recorded at two times of the year in north-eastern
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F333D7CA754AD70E8471F94C5380F979" box="[363,510,1699,1732]" name="Democratic Republic of the Congo" pageId="5" pageNumber="385">DR Congo</collectingCountry>
|
||
(April and September), suggesting seasonal bimodal polyestry. Litter size is one, and young grow to adult size in less than two months.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C33EC4D1754AD70E8567F91D51A7F8DF" pageId="5" pageNumber="385" type="activity">
|
||
<paragraph id="8B9B975A754AD70E8567F91D51A7F8DF" blockId="5.[125,1334,1112,2127]" pageId="5" pageNumber="385">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9504B48754AD70E8567F91D5316F8AE" bold="true" box="[125,360,1778,1811]" pageId="5" pageNumber="385">Activity patterns.</emphasis>
|
||
The Hairy Slitfaced Bat roosts during the day in sheltered structures including hollow trees, caves, road culverts, and papyrus swamps. It leaves day roosts at dusk and typically foraging close to the ground or over water.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C33EC4D1754AD70E8565F88656D2F80C" pageId="5" pageNumber="385" type="biology_ecology">
|
||
<paragraph id="8B9B975A754AD70E8565F88656D2F80C" blockId="5.[125,1334,1112,2127]" pageId="5" pageNumber="385">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9504B48754AD70E8565F886513EF837" bold="true" box="[127,832,1897,1930]" pageId="5" pageNumber="385">Movements, Home range and Social organization.</emphasis>
|
||
The Hairy Slit-faced Bat roosts singly or in small groups of 2-6 individuals, often including a male and female.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C33EC4D1754AD70E8565F85756E7F864" box="[127,1177,1976,2009]" pageId="5" pageNumber="385" type="conservation">
|
||
<paragraph id="8B9B975A754AD70E8565F85756E7F864" blockId="5.[125,1334,1112,2127]" box="[127,1177,1976,2009]" pageId="5" pageNumber="385">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9504B48754AD70E8565F85753A2F864" bold="true" box="[127,476,1976,2009]" pageId="5" pageNumber="385">Status and Conservation.</emphasis>
|
||
Classified as Least Concern on The IUCN Red List.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C33EC4D1754AD70E859AF80751AFF7F2" pageId="5" pageNumber="385" type="bibRefCitation_list">
|
||
<paragraph id="8B9B975A754AD70E859AF80751AFF7F2" blockId="5.[125,1334,1112,2127]" pageId="5" pageNumber="385">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9504B48754AD70E859AF8075366F7BC" bold="true" box="[128,280,2024,2049]" pageId="5" pageNumber="385">Bibliography.</emphasis>
|
||
Archer (1977), Cockle et al. (1998), Griffiths (1994, 1997), Happold, M. (2013af), Monadjem, Richards & Denys (2016), Monadjem, Schoeman et al. (2010), Monadjem, Taylor et al. (2010), Rosevear (1965), Thomas et al. (1994), Van Cakenberghe & De Vree (1993a), Verschuren (1957).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |