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<document id="AA4F905213B4DEA8ACEB670A9E675BD3" ID-DOI="10.5281/zenodo.171339" ID-GBIF-Dataset="39458ef6-03ef-4eab-96de-2ff7a38a0031" ID-ISSN="1175­5326" ID-Zenodo-Dep="171339" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1459720598539" checkinUser="plazi" docAuthor="Skevington, Jeffrey H." docDate="2005" docId="03DC8797FF9DFFD8FEC3FA1CFDA3FD27" docLanguage="en" docName="zt00977.pdf" docOrigin="Zootaxa 977" docStyle="DocumentStyle:FA7E419B012A62B0FC3AC15A186C3DAF.3:Zootaxa.2001-2006.journal_article" docStyleId="FA7E419B012A62B0FC3AC15A186C3DAF" docStyleName="Zootaxa.2001-2006.journal_article" docStyleVersion="3" docTitle="Nephrocerus atrapilus Skevington, 2005, sp. nov." docType="treatment" docVersion="9" lastPageNumber="18" masterDocId="FFE5FFEFFF96FFCAFFCBFFAAFFF0FFE9" masterDocTitle="Revision of Nearctic Nephrocerus Zetterstedt (Diptera: Pipunculidae)" masterLastPageNumber="36" masterPageNumber="1" pageNumber="12" updateTime="1698209263579" updateUser="plazi">
<mods:mods id="0FC29900CEAF9C93035BCC0C960A3E33" xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
<mods:titleInfo id="38460A4521840B8B1913D3B62F99C28F">
<mods:title id="48892C94D611438EF6B31DB061566E52">Revision of Nearctic Nephrocerus Zetterstedt (Diptera: Pipunculidae)</mods:title>
</mods:titleInfo>
<mods:name id="64FD2307F2E45D6EC2DE55666DD76EDD" type="personal">
<mods:role id="4A0F1FFAFAEFDC55E106B5D7CF5FB3E7">
<mods:roleTerm id="54DD6E5DF74B14E18ED0A5DA2C745BAE">Author</mods:roleTerm>
</mods:role>
<mods:namePart id="B5FAB2386F39B3BE794D268552818EE5">Skevington, Jeffrey H.</mods:namePart>
</mods:name>
<mods:typeOfResource id="6121C3440DC11FE0F08C91A04284E8B1">text</mods:typeOfResource>
<mods:relatedItem id="0DE84CAF77A216C0F52B325D13190D2F" type="host">
<mods:titleInfo id="46D8ED49BF7D8B3858F596CCCA681F41">
<mods:title id="1579EBBEF95B81EC90B814B159C55CB5">Zootaxa</mods:title>
</mods:titleInfo>
<mods:part id="5337B2ACAA036054A2DBE0B5940745F0">
<mods:date id="082E30A031C6E5D2D35B43274EDF5CB5">2005</mods:date>
<mods:detail id="8A41E84DDDA9D0724B40E9B5DEC1B3BA" type="volume">
<mods:number id="4014F59AFD1A013CFEB311D9C4223F1A">977</mods:number>
</mods:detail>
<mods:extent id="04BF8C4C359ACE3282314BE8B01213DB" unit="page">
<mods:start id="2A527D655100125E549EE2F6FD8B8B0D">1</mods:start>
<mods:end id="02912084EE4A7696612D89F95BEA8B4A">36</mods:end>
</mods:extent>
</mods:part>
</mods:relatedItem>
<mods:classification id="A67696E1D01C5FD8214DCAF1AE6D1196">journal article</mods:classification>
<mods:identifier id="6E51BDB2FF5AEA58D42BD8EC13BA70D7" type="DOI">10.5281/zenodo.171339</mods:identifier>
<mods:identifier id="2DAE4E069B8E5AACB66CD22F9FB4A577" type="GBIF-Dataset">39458ef6-03ef-4eab-96de-2ff7a38a0031</mods:identifier>
<mods:identifier id="CF499873FDF678B1022A33EA913488EA" type="ISSN">1175­5326</mods:identifier>
<mods:identifier id="5EBF031FC76E5A0EC4623D31B461A717" type="Zenodo-Dep">171339</mods:identifier>
</mods:mods>
<treatment id="03DC8797FF9DFFD8FEC3FA1CFDA3FD27" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6264629" ID-GBIF-Taxon="119335533" ID-Zenodo-Dep="6264629" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03DC8797FF9DFFD8FEC3FA1CFDA3FD27" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/03DC8797FF9DFFD8FEC3FA1CFDA3FD27" lastPageId="18" lastPageNumber="18" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">
<subSubSection id="C36F650AFF9DFFC1FEC3FA1CFC97FA39" box="[264,871,1462,1488]" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" type="nomenclature">
<paragraph id="8BCA3681FF9DFFC1FEC3FA1CFC97FA39" blockId="11.[264,871,1462,1488]" box="[264,871,1462,1488]" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">
<heading id="D08281EDFF9DFFC1FEC3FA1CFC97FA39" bold="true" box="[264,871,1462,1488]" fontSize="11" level="1" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" reason="1">
<emphasis id="B901EA93FF9DFFC1FEC3FA1CFC97FA39" bold="true" box="[264,871,1462,1488]" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">
<taxonomicName id="4C754D02FF9DFFC1FEC3FA1CFDE7FA39" ID-CoL="46YX8" box="[264,535,1462,1488]" class="Insecta" family="Pipunculidae" genus="Nephrocerus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="atrapilus" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="B901EA93FF9DFFC1FEC3FA1CFDE7FA39" bold="true" box="[264,535,1462,1488]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">Nephrocerus atrapilus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A23257E8FF9DFFC1FDD5FA1CFD8CFA39" box="[542,636,1462,1488]" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
(
<figureCitation id="134E2A04FF9DFFC1FD40FA1CFD27FA39" box="[651,727,1462,1488]" captionStart="FIGURE 4" captionStartId="14.[264,367,1728,1752]" captionTargetBox="[264,1322,409,1715]" captionTargetId="figure@14.[254,1332,407,1721]" captionTargetPageId="14" captionText="FIGURE 4. Left lateral of ovipositors of female Nephrocerus species. Abbreviations: B = length of ovipositor base; cerc = cercus; OL = ovipositor length; PL = piercer length; spt = spermatheca, S = sternite; T = tergite. Scale bars = 0.1 mm. A. Nephrocerus acanthostylus, JSS # 13477. B. Nephrocerus atrapilus, JSS # 13397. C. Nephrocerus corpulentus, JSS # 13365. D. Nephrocerus daeckei, JSS # 11407. E. Nephrocerus slossonae, JSS # 11795." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/171343/files/figure.png" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">Figs 4</figureCitation>
B, 5, 6A–D)
</emphasis>
</heading>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C36F650AFF9DFFC4FEC3F9AAFB91FEB7" lastPageId="14" lastPageNumber="15" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" type="materials_examined">
<paragraph id="8BCA3681FF9DFFC7FEC3F9AAFB3FFAAF" blockId="11.[264,1323,1536,1883]" lastBlockId="13.[264,1323,283,1870]" lastPageId="13" lastPageNumber="14" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">
<emphasis id="B901EA93FF9DFFC1FEC3F9AAFD32F9F3" bold="true" box="[264,706,1536,1562]" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">
<typeStatus id="54CE8823FF9DFFC1FEC3F9AAFEB5F9F3" box="[264,325,1536,1562]" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">Type</typeStatus>
Material Examined:
<typeStatus id="54CE8823FF9DFFC1FD9BF9AAFD32F9F3" box="[592,706,1536,1562]" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" type="holotype">Holotype</typeStatus>
</emphasis>
♂: Allegheny Co., 2.4 km N Monroeville, W. Boyce Regional Park,
<geoCoordinate id="EE415046FF9DFFC1FE00F983FD96F9AA" box="[459,614,1577,1603]" direction="north" orientation="latitude" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" precision="15" value="40.461666">40°27'42&quot; N</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate id="EE415046FF9DFFC1FDB3F983FCE7F9AA" box="[632,791,1577,1603]" direction="west" orientation="longitude" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" precision="15" value="-79.757225">79°45'26&quot; W</geoCoordinate>
,
<quantity id="4C8D9B64FF9DFFC1FCE1F983FC7DF9AA" box="[810,909,1577,1603]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.375" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" unit="m" value="1375.0">1375 m</quantity>
, reared from
<taxonomicName id="4C754D02FF9DFFC1FBF6F983FE3AF982" authority="Walker" authorityName="Walker" class="Insecta" family="Bibionidae" genus="Tipula" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="duplex" subGenus="Lunatipula">
<emphasis id="B901EA93FF9DFFC1FBF6F983FEA6F983" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">Tipula (Lunatipula) duplex</emphasis>
Walker
</taxonomicName>
, emergence date
<date id="FFCB1041FF9DFFC1FD1DF9FBFCBCF982" box="[726,844,1617,1643]" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" value="2004-05-17">17.v.2004</date>
, host collection date
<date id="FFCB1041FF9DFFC1FB56F9FBFAD5F982" box="[1181,1317,1617,1643]" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" value="2003-07-14">14.vii.2003</date>
,
<collectionCode id="ED64AE44FF9DFFC1FEC3F9D3FE91F97A" box="[264,353,1657,1683]" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/daw7-8h44" name="The Cleveland Museum of Natural History" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">CMNH</collectionCode>
#356286, D.P. Koenig, C.W. Young (
<collectionCode id="ED64AE44FF9DFFC1FCD6F9D3FC8CF97A" box="[797,892,1657,1683]" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/daw7-8h44" name="The Cleveland Museum of Natural History" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">CMNH</collectionCode>
).
<emphasis id="B901EA93FF9DFFC1FC44F9D3FC09F97A" bold="true" box="[911,1017,1657,1683]" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">Allotype</emphasis>
Ψ:
<collectingCountry id="F3627611FF9DFFC1FBECF9D3FB39F97A" box="[1063,1225,1657,1683]" name="United States of America" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">United States</collectingCountry>
: Mississippi, Lafayette Co., Oxford, [
<geoCoordinate id="EE415046FF9DFFC1FDBFF90BFD14F952" box="[628,740,1697,1723]" direction="north" orientation="latitude" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" precision="925" value="34.366665">34°22' N</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate id="EE415046FF9DFFC1FD38F90BFC99F952" box="[755,873,1697,1723]" direction="west" orientation="longitude" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" precision="925" value="-89.51667">89°31' W</geoCoordinate>
],
<date id="FFCB1041FF9DFFC1FC4BF90BFC21F952" box="[896,977,1697,1723]" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" value="1940-05">v.1940</date>
, JSS#11488, Frank M. Hull, Frank M. Hull collection
<collectionCode id="ED64AE44FF9DFFC1FD8FF963FD71F90A" box="[580,641,1737,1763]" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/y2kv-9w3k" name="Canadian National Collection of Insects, Arachnids, and Nematodes" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">CNC</collectionCode>
1973, (
<collectionCode id="ED64AE44FF9DFFC1FD28F963FCD5F90A" box="[739,805,1737,1763]" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/y2kv-9w3k" name="Canadian National Collection of Insects, Arachnids, and Nematodes" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">CNC</collectionCode>
).
<emphasis id="B901EA93FF9DFFC1FCF5F963FB45F90A" bold="true" box="[830,1205,1737,1763]" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">
<typeStatus id="54CE8823FF9DFFC1FCF5F963FC30F90A" box="[830,960,1737,1763]" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" type="paratype">Paratypes</typeStatus>
:
<collectingCountry id="F3627611FF9DFFC1FC1AF963FBC7F90A" box="[977,1079,1737,1763]" name="Canada" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">Canada</collectingCountry>
: Ontario:
</emphasis>
Gatineau Co., Masham T[o]w[nshi]p, near Duncan Lake,
<geoCoordinate id="EE415046FF9DFFC1FC9AF95BFC18F8E2" box="[849,1000,1777,1803]" direction="north" orientation="latitude" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" precision="15" value="45.68139">45°40'53&quot; N</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate id="EE415046FF9DFFC1FC3CF95BFB63F8E2" box="[1015,1171,1777,1803]" direction="west" orientation="longitude" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" precision="15" value="-76.05028">76°03'01&quot; W</geoCoordinate>
, oak hilltop,
<date id="FFCB1041FF9DFFC1FEC3F8B3FE71F8DA" box="[264,385,1817,1843]" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" value="1974-07-06">6.vii.1974</date>
, JSS#11498, D.M. Wood (
<collectionCode id="ED64AE44FF9DFFC1FD77F8B3FD0EF8DA" box="[700,766,1817,1843]" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/y2kv-9w3k" name="Canadian National Collection of Insects, Arachnids, and Nematodes" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">CNC</collectionCode>
); Puslinch, [
<geoCoordinate id="EE415046FF9DFFC1FC45F8B3FC0CF8DA" box="[910,1020,1817,1843]" direction="north" orientation="latitude" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" precision="925" value="43.433334">43°26' N</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate id="EE415046FF9DFFC1FBC2F8B3FB8DF8DA" box="[1033,1149,1817,1843]" direction="west" orientation="longitude" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" precision="925" value="-80.083336">80°05' W</geoCoordinate>
], Malaise trap, 18–20.
<date id="FFCB1041FF9DFFC1FE92F8EBFE22F8B2" box="[345,466,1857,1883]" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" value="1983-06-01">
vi.1983,
<specimenCount id="9D73FD08FF9DFFC1FE08F8EBFE22F8B2" box="[451,466,1857,1883]" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" type="generic">1</specimenCount>
</date>
♂, JSS#11432, 22.
<date id="FFCB1041FF9DFFC1FD64F8EBFCD9F8B2" box="[687,809,1857,1883]" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" value="1983-06-01">
vi.1983,
<specimenCount id="9D73FD08FF9DFFC1FCD1F8EBFCD9F8B2" box="[794,809,1857,1883]" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" type="generic">1</specimenCount>
</date>
♂, JSS#11433 [2.5 legs removed for
<collectionCode id="ED64AE44FF9DFFC1FB20F8EBFADAF8B2" LSID="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15536" box="[1259,1322,1857,1883]" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15536" name="Department of Natural Resources, Environment, The Arts and Sport" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">DNA</collectionCode>
extraction], Coote &amp;
<collectingCountry id="F3627611FF9AFFC6FDC5FEB6FD89FEDF" box="[526,633,284,310]" name="Marshall Islands" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">Marshall</collectingCountry>
, (
<collectionCode id="ED64AE44FF9AFFC6FD5AFEB6FD17FEDF" box="[657,743,284,310]" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/yhs7-n61d" name="Ontario Insect Collection, University of Guelph" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">DEBU</collectionCode>
);
<emphasis id="B901EA93FF9AFFC6FCCBFEB1FBD6FEDC" bold="true" box="[768,1062,283,309]" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">
<collectingCountry id="F3627611FF9AFFC6FCCBFEB1FC5EFEDC" box="[768,942,283,309]" name="United States of America" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">United States</collectingCountry>
: Florida:
</emphasis>
Liberty Co., Torreya State P[ar]k, [
<geoCoordinate id="EE415046FF9AFFC6FE62FEEEFDE7FEB7" box="[425,535,324,350]" direction="north" orientation="latitude" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" precision="925" value="30.583334">30°35' N</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate id="EE415046FF9AFFC6FDE8FEEEFD67FEB7" box="[547,663,324,350]" direction="west" orientation="longitude" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" precision="925" value="-84.95">84°57' W</geoCoordinate>
], 17.
<date id="FFCB1041FF9AFFC6FD07FEEEFCCBFEB7" box="[716,827,324,350]" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" value="1963-05-01">
v.1963,
<specimenCount id="9D73FD08FF9AFFC6FCE6FEEEFCCBFEB7" box="[813,827,324,350]" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" type="generic">1</specimenCount>
</date>
♂, JSS#13411, 14.
<date id="FFCB1041FF9AFFC6FBC5FEEEFB8DFEB7" box="[1038,1149,324,350]" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" value="1971-05-01">v.1971, 1</date>
Ψ, JSS#13412, insect flight trap, 19.
<date id="FFCB1041FF9AFFC6FE35FEC6FD80FE6F" box="[510,624,364,390]" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" value="1970-05-01">v.1970, 1</date>
Ψ, JSS#13413, H.V. Weems, Jr. (
<collectionCode id="ED64AE44FF9AFFC6FC32FEC6FBB9FE6F" box="[1017,1097,364,390]" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/jekt-x82m" name="Florida State Collection of Arthropods, The Museum of Entomology" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">FSCA</collectionCode>
); Liberty Co., Torreya State P[ar]k, [
<geoCoordinate id="EE415046FF9AFFC6FE2DFE3EFDA5FE47" box="[486,597,404,430]" direction="north" orientation="latitude" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" precision="925" value="30.583334">30°35' N</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate id="EE415046FF9AFFC6FDA9FE3EFD27FE47" box="[610,727,404,430]" direction="west" orientation="longitude" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" precision="925" value="-84.95">84°57' W</geoCoordinate>
], Malaise trap, 30.iv.–5.
<date id="FFCB1041FF9AFFC6FC39FE3EFB91FE47" box="[1010,1121,404,430]" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" value="1973-05-03">v.1973, 3</date>
ΨΨ, JSS#13414– 6, 1Ψ, JSS#13417 [head removed for
<collectionCode id="ED64AE44FF9AFFC6FD1AFE16FCE1FE3F" LSID="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15536" box="[721,785,444,470]" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15536" name="Department of Natural Resources, Environment, The Arts and Sport" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">DNA</collectionCode>
extraction],
<specimenCount id="9D73FD08FF9AFFC6FC61FE16FC3AFE26" box="[938,970,444,470]" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" type="generic">1♂</specimenCount>
, JSS#13418 [3 legs removed for
<collectionCode id="ED64AE44FF9AFFC6FEF3FE4EFE88FE17" LSID="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15536" box="[312,376,484,510]" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15536" name="Department of Natural Resources, Environment, The Arts and Sport" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">DNA</collectionCode>
extraction],
<specimenCount id="9D73FD08FF9AFFC6FDD1FE4EFDCAFE1E" box="[538,570,484,510]" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" type="generic">1♂</specimenCount>
, JSS#13419,
<specimenCount id="9D73FD08FF9AFFC6FD22FE4EFD08FE17" box="[745,760,484,510]" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" type="generic">1</specimenCount>
♂, JSS#13420, H.V. Weems, Jr., C.R. Artaud (
<collectionCode id="ED64AE44FF9AFFC6FEDBFDA6FE90FDCF" box="[272,352,524,550]" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/jekt-x82m" name="Florida State Collection of Arthropods, The Museum of Entomology" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">FSCA</collectionCode>
); Liberty Co., Torreya State P[ar]k, [
<geoCoordinate id="EE415046FF9AFFC6FCF5FDA6FC43FDCF" box="[830,947,524,550]" direction="north" orientation="latitude" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" precision="925" value="30.583334">30°35' N</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate id="EE415046FF9AFFC6FC0CFDA6FBB3FDCF" box="[967,1091,524,550]" direction="west" orientation="longitude" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" precision="925" value="-84.95">84°57' W</geoCoordinate>
], 22.
<date id="FFCB1041FF9AFFC6FB59FDA6FAFFFDCF" box="[1170,1295,524,550]" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" value="1967-04-01">iv.1967, 1</date>
Ψ, JSS#11471, W.W. Wirth (
<collectionCode id="ED64AE44FF9AFFC6FDFFFD9EFD7FFDA7" LSID="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34871" box="[564,655,564,590]" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34871" name="Smithsonian Institution, National Museum of Natural History" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">USNM</collectionCode>
);
<emphasis id="B901EA93FF9AFFC6FD68FD99FCE1FDA4" bold="true" box="[675,785,563,589]" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">
<collectingCountry id="F3627611FF9AFFC6FD68FD99FCFCFDA4" box="[675,780,563,589]" name="Georgia" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">Georgia</collectingCountry>
:
</emphasis>
Rabun Co., Pine Mountain, [
<geoCoordinate id="EE415046FF9AFFC6FBACFD9EFB25FDA7" box="[1127,1237,564,590]" direction="north" orientation="latitude" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" precision="925" value="34.95">34°57' N</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate id="EE415046FF9AFFC6FB2BFD9EFED8FD9F" direction="west" orientation="longitude" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" precision="925" value="-83.183334">83°11' W</geoCoordinate>
], 1400', [
<quantity id="4C8D9B64FF9AFFC6FE5DFDF6FE19FD9F" box="[406,489,604,630]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.27" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" unit="m" value="427.0">427 m</quantity>
], 4.
<date id="FFCB1041FF9AFFC6FDD8FDF6FD74FD9F" box="[531,644,604,630]" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" value="1957-05-01">
v.1957,
<specimenCount id="9D73FD08FF9AFFC6FDBEFDF6FD74FD9F" box="[629,644,604,630]" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" type="generic">1</specimenCount>
</date>
♂, JSS#11495, J.R. Vockeroth (
<collectionCode id="ED64AE44FF9AFFC6FBCEFDF6FBB7FD9F" box="[1029,1095,604,630]" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/y2kv-9w3k" name="Canadian National Collection of Insects, Arachnids, and Nematodes" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">CNC</collectionCode>
); Lumpkin Co.,
<quantity id="4C8D9B64FF9AFFC6FAC6FDF6FEDAFD77" metricMagnitude="4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.414016" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" unit="mi" value="15.0">15 mi</quantity>
[les] NW Dahlonega, [
<geoCoordinate id="EE415046FF9AFFC6FDF1FD2EFD5BFD77" box="[570,683,644,670]" direction="north" orientation="latitude" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" precision="925" value="34.533333">34°32' N</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate id="EE415046FF9AFFC6FD70FD2EFCC3FD77" box="[699,819,644,670]" direction="west" orientation="longitude" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" precision="925" value="-83.98333">83°59' W</geoCoordinate>
], 16.
<date id="FFCB1041FF9AFFC6FCA7FD2EFC18FD77" box="[876,1000,644,670]" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" value="1973-06-01">
vi.1973,
<specimenCount id="9D73FD08FF9AFFC6FC12FD2EFC18FD77" box="[985,1000,644,670]" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" type="generic">1</specimenCount>
</date>
♂, JSS#11451 [genitalia in poor condition, epandrium broken], A.G. Lavallee (
<collectionCode id="ED64AE44FF9AFFC6FC42FD06FC14FD2F" LSID="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34871" box="[905,996,684,710]" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34871" name="Smithsonian Institution, National Museum of Natural History" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">USNM</collectionCode>
);
<emphasis id="B901EA93FF9AFFC6FC35FD06FBAEFD2F" bold="true" box="[1022,1118,684,710]" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">Illinois:</emphasis>
[McHenry Co.], Algonquin,
<geoCoordinate id="EE415046FF9AFFC6FE5CFD7EFDC0FD07" box="[407,560,724,750]" direction="north" orientation="latitude" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" precision="1" value="42.16556">42.16556º N</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate id="EE415046FF9AFFC6FDF4FD7EFD2CFD07" box="[575,732,724,750]" direction="west" orientation="longitude" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" precision="1" value="-88.29417">88.29417º W</geoCoordinate>
, 19.
<date id="FFCB1041FF9AFFC6FCC7FD7EFC8FFD07" box="[780,895,724,750]" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" value="1896-05-01">
v.1896,
<specimenCount id="9D73FD08FF9AFFC6FCBBFD7EFC8FFD07" box="[880,895,724,750]" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" type="generic">1</specimenCount>
</date>
♂, 19428 (
<collectionCode id="ED64AE44FF9AFFC6FBC1FD7EFBA4FD07" LSID="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34797" box="[1034,1108,724,750]" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34797" name="Illinois Natural History Survey" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">INHS</collectionCode>
);
<emphasis id="B901EA93FF9AFFC6FBA0FD7EFB20FD07" bold="true" box="[1131,1232,724,750]" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">Kansas:</emphasis>
[Pottawatomie Co.], Onaga, [
<geoCoordinate id="EE415046FF9AFFC6FDD6FD56FD7BFCFF" box="[541,651,764,790]" direction="north" orientation="latitude" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" precision="925" value="39.483334">39°29' N</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate id="EE415046FF9AFFC6FD53FD56FCFDFCFF" box="[664,781,764,790]" direction="west" orientation="longitude" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" precision="925" value="-96.166664">96°10' W</geoCoordinate>
],
<specimenCount id="9D73FD08FF9AFFC6FCE9FD56FCB3FCE6" box="[802,835,764,790]" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" type="generic">1♂</specimenCount>
, JSS#13386, H. Kahl Coll.’n, C.M. Acc. 12676, 751 (
<collectionCode id="ED64AE44FF9AFFC6FE57FC8EFE0BFCD7" box="[412,507,804,830]" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/daw7-8h44" name="The Cleveland Museum of Natural History" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">CMNH</collectionCode>
); [Pottawatomie Co., Onaga,
<geoCoordinate id="EE415046FF9AFFC6FC9CFC8EFC32FCD7" box="[855,962,804,830]" direction="north" orientation="latitude" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" precision="925" value="39.483334">39°29' N</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate id="EE415046FF9AFFC6FC04FC8EFBB3FCD7" box="[975,1091,804,830]" direction="west" orientation="longitude" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" precision="925" value="-96.166664">96°10' W</geoCoordinate>
], 2♂♂, JSS#13387– 8, H. Kahl Coll.’n, C.M. Acc. 12676, 749–50 (
<collectionCode id="ED64AE44FF9AFFC6FC88FCE6FC52FC8F" box="[835,930,844,870]" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/daw7-8h44" name="The Cleveland Museum of Natural History" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">CMNH</collectionCode>
);
<emphasis id="B901EA93FF9AFFC6FC73FCE6FBCFFC8F" bold="true" box="[952,1087,844,870]" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">Maryland:</emphasis>
Plummers I[slan]d, [
<geoCoordinate id="EE415046FF9AFFC6FEC4FCDEFE8FFC67" box="[271,383,884,910]" direction="north" orientation="latitude" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" precision="925" value="38.966667">38°58' N</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate id="EE415046FF9AFFC6FE45FCDEFDF3FC67" box="[398,515,884,910]" direction="west" orientation="longitude" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" precision="925" value="-77.183334">77°11' W</geoCoordinate>
], 29.
<date id="FFCB1041FF9AFFC6FDF6FCDEFD47FC67" box="[573,695,884,910]" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" value="1913-06-01">
vi.1913,
<specimenCount id="9D73FD08FF9AFFC6FD63FCDEFD47FC67" box="[680,695,884,910]" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" type="generic">1</specimenCount>
</date>
♂, JSS#11453 [genitalia overcleared], R.C. Shannon (
<collectionCode id="ED64AE44FF9AFFC6FEDBFC36FE9BFC5F" LSID="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34871" box="[272,363,924,950]" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34871" name="Smithsonian Institution, National Museum of Natural History" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">USNM</collectionCode>
);
<emphasis id="B901EA93FF9AFFC6FE4BFC36FDF0FC5F" bold="true" box="[384,512,924,950]" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">Michigan:</emphasis>
Wayne Co., [
<geoCoordinate id="EE415046FF9AFFC6FD6BFC36FCFDFC5F" box="[672,781,924,950]" direction="north" orientation="latitude" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" precision="925" value="42.25">42°15' N</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate id="EE415046FF9AFFC6FCD2FC36FC7CFC5F" box="[793,908,924,950]" direction="west" orientation="longitude" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" precision="925" value="-83.28333">83°17' W</geoCoordinate>
], 11.
<date id="FFCB1041FF9AFFC6FC0BFC36FBCAFC5F" box="[960,1082,924,950]" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" value="1961-06-01">
vi.1961,
<specimenCount id="9D73FD08FF9AFFC6FBE0FC36FBCAFC5F" box="[1067,1082,924,950]" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" type="generic">1</specimenCount>
</date>
♂, JSS#11452 [phallus broken], G. Steyskal (
<collectionCode id="ED64AE44FF9AFFC6FD9EFC6EFD40FC37" LSID="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34871" box="[597,688,964,990]" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34871" name="Smithsonian Institution, National Museum of Natural History" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">USNM</collectionCode>
); Wayne Co., Grosse Ile, [
<geoCoordinate id="EE415046FF9AFFC6FBDFFC6EFB7BFC37" box="[1044,1163,964,990]" direction="north" orientation="latitude" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" precision="925" value="42.133335">42°08' N</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate id="EE415046FF9AFFC6FB6AFC6EFAEEFC37" box="[1185,1310,964,990]" direction="west" orientation="longitude" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" precision="925" value="-83.15">83°09' W</geoCoordinate>
], 24.
<date id="FFCB1041FF9AFFC6FEE7FC46FE6DFBEF" box="[300,413,1004,1030]" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" value="1951-05-01">v.1951, 1</date>
Ψ, JSS#11505, G. Steyskal (
<collectionCode id="ED64AE44FF9AFFC6FD39FC46FCBDFBEF" LSID="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34871" box="[754,845,1004,1030]" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34871" name="Smithsonian Institution, National Museum of Natural History" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">USNM</collectionCode>
);
<emphasis id="B901EA93FF9AFFC6FCADFC46FC0AFBEF" bold="true" box="[870,1018,1004,1030]" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">Mississippi:</emphasis>
[Lafayette Co.], Oxford, [
<geoCoordinate id="EE415046FF9AFFC6FEC4FBBEFE73FBC7" box="[271,387,1044,1070]" direction="north" orientation="latitude" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" precision="925" value="34.366665">34°22' N</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate id="EE415046FF9AFFC6FE5DFBBEFDE0FBC7" box="[406,528,1044,1070]" direction="west" orientation="longitude" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" precision="925" value="-89.51667">89°31' W</geoCoordinate>
],
<date id="FFCB1041FF9AFFC6FDE0FBBEFD6EFBC7" box="[555,670,1044,1070]" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" value="1942-05-01">v.1942, 1</date>
Ψ, JSS#11474, Frank M. Hull collection
<collectionCode id="ED64AE44FF9AFFC6FB6EFBBEFB11FBC7" box="[1189,1249,1044,1070]" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/y2kv-9w3k" name="Canadian National Collection of Insects, Arachnids, and Nematodes" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">CNC</collectionCode>
1973 (
<collectionCode id="ED64AE44FF9AFFC6FEDBFB96FEA2FBBF" box="[272,338,1084,1110]" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/y2kv-9w3k" name="Canadian National Collection of Insects, Arachnids, and Nematodes" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">CNC</collectionCode>
); Lafayette Co., Oxford, [
<geoCoordinate id="EE415046FF9AFFC6FDB6FB96FD1AFBBF" box="[637,746,1084,1110]" direction="north" orientation="latitude" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" precision="925" value="34.366665">34°22' N</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate id="EE415046FF9AFFC6FD3EFB96FC98FBBF" box="[757,872,1084,1110]" direction="west" orientation="longitude" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" precision="925" value="-89.51667">89°31' W</geoCoordinate>
],
<date id="FFCB1041FF9AFFC6FCB0FB96FBE3FBBF" box="[891,1043,1084,1110]" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" value="1945-05-04" valueMax="1945-06-04" valueMin="1945-05-04">v.–vi.1945, 4</date>
ΨΨ, JSS#11475, 11477­ 9,
<specimenCount id="9D73FD08FF9AFFC6FEE0FBCEFEC9FB97" box="[299,313,1124,1150]" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" type="generic">1</specimenCount>
♂, JSS#11476,
<date id="FFCB1041FF9AFFC6FE3DFBCEFD98FB97" box="[502,616,1124,1150]" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" value="1940-05-03">v.1940, 3</date>
ΨΨ, JSS#11480–2,
<specimenCount id="9D73FD08FF9AFFC6FC9CFBCEFC96FB97" box="[855,870,1124,1150]" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" type="generic">1</specimenCount>
♂, JSS#11483,
<specimenCount id="9D73FD08FF9AFFC6FBE9FBCEFBC1FB97" box="[1058,1073,1124,1150]" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" type="generic">1</specimenCount>
♂, JSS#11484, 2ΨΨ, JSS#11485, 11487,
<specimenCount id="9D73FD08FF9AFFC6FE24FB26FDE0FB76" box="[495,528,1164,1190]" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" type="generic">1♂</specimenCount>
, JSS#11486,
<date id="FFCB1041FF9AFFC6FD64FB26FCEBFB4F" box="[687,795,1164,1190]" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" value="1945-05-01">v.1945, 1</date>
Ψ, JSS#11489, Frank M. Hull, Frank M. Hull collection
<collectionCode id="ED64AE44FF9AFFC6FE48FB1EFE4FFB27" box="[387,447,1204,1230]" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/y2kv-9w3k" name="Canadian National Collection of Insects, Arachnids, and Nematodes" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">CNC</collectionCode>
1973 (
<collectionCode id="ED64AE44FF9AFFC6FDD9FB1EFDA4FB27" box="[530,596,1204,1230]" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/y2kv-9w3k" name="Canadian National Collection of Insects, Arachnids, and Nematodes" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">CNC</collectionCode>
);
<emphasis id="B901EA93FF9AFFC6FDA1FB1EFD12FB27" bold="true" box="[618,738,1204,1230]" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">Missouri:</emphasis>
Boone Co.,
<quantity id="4C8D9B64FF9AFFC6FCBCFB1EFC40FB27" box="[887,944,1204,1230]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="8.04672" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" unit="mi" value="5.0">5 mi</quantity>
[les] E Ashland, Ashland W[ildlife] A[rea], [
<geoCoordinate id="EE415046FF9AFFC6FE69FB76FDFFFB1F" box="[418,527,1244,1270]" direction="north" orientation="latitude" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" precision="925" value="38.75">38°45' N</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate id="EE415046FF9AFFC6FDD0FB76FD7FFB1F" box="[539,655,1244,1270]" direction="west" orientation="longitude" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" precision="925" value="-92.2">92°12' W</geoCoordinate>
], Malaise trap, forest, 28.v.–4.
<date id="FFCB1041FF9AFFC6FC24FB76FB97FB1F" box="[1007,1127,1244,1270]" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" value="1992-06-01">
vi.1992,
<specimenCount id="9D73FD08FF9AFFC6FB93FB76FB97FB1F" box="[1112,1127,1244,1270]" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" type="generic">1</specimenCount>
</date>
♂, JSS#13376 [3 legs removed for
<collectionCode id="ED64AE44FF9AFFC6FE2FFAAEFDD4FAF7" LSID="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15536" box="[484,548,1284,1310]" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15536" name="Department of Natural Resources, Environment, The Arts and Sport" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">DNA</collectionCode>
extraction], R.S. Gagne (
<collectionCode id="ED64AE44FF9AFFC6FCAAFAAEFC35FAF7" box="[865,965,1284,1310]" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/w4qt-0wzz" name="W.R. Enns Entomology Museum" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">UMRM</collectionCode>
);
<emphasis id="B901EA93FF9AFFC6FC16FAAEFB8AFAF7" bold="true" box="[989,1146,1284,1310]" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">
New
<collectingCountry id="F3627611FF9AFFC6FBEAFAAEFB85FAF7" box="[1057,1141,1284,1310]" name="Jersey" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">Jersey</collectingCountry>
:
</emphasis>
[Bergen Co.], Ramsey, [
<geoCoordinate id="EE415046FF9AFFC6FE4BFA86FE02FAAF" box="[384,498,1324,1350]" direction="north" orientation="latitude" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" precision="925" value="41.05">41°03' N</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate id="EE415046FF9AFFC6FDCFFA86FD8DFAAF" box="[516,637,1324,1350]" direction="west" orientation="longitude" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" precision="925" value="-74.13333">74°08' W</geoCoordinate>
], 23.
<date id="FFCB1041FF9AFFC6FD72FA86FCC6FAAF" box="[697,822,1324,1350]" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" value="1935-06-01">
vi.1935,
<specimenCount id="9D73FD08FF9AFFC6FCECFA86FCC6FAAF" box="[807,822,1324,1350]" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" type="generic">1</specimenCount>
</date>
♂, JSS#13393 (
<collectionCode id="ED64AE44FF9AFFC6FBCAFA86FB92FAAF" LSID="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34925" box="[1025,1122,1324,1350]" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34925" name="American Museum of Natural History" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">AMNH</collectionCode>
);
<emphasis id="B901EA93FF9AFFC6FBB0FA86FADAFAAF" bold="true" box="[1147,1322,1324,1350]" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">Pennsylvania:</emphasis>
Allegheny Co., 2.4 km N Monroeville, W. Boyce Regional Park,
<geoCoordinate id="EE415046FF9AFFC6FBD8FAFEFB58FA87" box="[1043,1192,1364,1390]" direction="north" orientation="latitude" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" precision="15" value="40.461666">40°27'42&quot; N</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate id="EE415046FF9AFFC6FB7DFAFEFED4FA7F" direction="west" orientation="longitude" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" precision="15" value="-79.757225">79°45'26&quot; W</geoCoordinate>
,
<quantity id="4C8D9B64FF9AFFC6FEF8FAD6FE62FA7F" box="[307,402,1404,1430]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.375" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" unit="m" value="1375.0">1375 m</quantity>
, reared from
<taxonomicName id="4C754D02FF9AFFC6FDF2FAD6FC2CFA7F" authority="Walker" authorityName="Walker" box="[569,988,1404,1430]" class="Insecta" family="Bibionidae" genus="Tipula" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="duplex" subGenus="Lunatipula">
<emphasis id="B901EA93FF9AFFC6FDF2FAD6FC8BFA7C" box="[569,891,1404,1429]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">Tipula (Lunatipula) duplex</emphasis>
Walker
</taxonomicName>
, emergence date
<date id="FFCB1041FF9AFFC6FB7BFAD6FAD6FA7F" box="[1200,1318,1404,1430]" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" value="2004-05-14">14.v.2004</date>
, host collection date 14.
<date id="FFCB1041FF9AFFC6FDE8FA0EFD5BFA57" box="[547,683,1444,1470]" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" value="2003-07-01">
vii.2003,
<specimenCount id="9D73FD08FF9AFFC6FD57FA0EFD5BFA57" box="[668,683,1444,1470]" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" type="generic">1</specimenCount>
</date>
♂,
<collectionCode id="ED64AE44FF9AFFC6FD1AFA0EFCDAFA57" box="[721,810,1444,1470]" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/daw7-8h44" name="The Cleveland Museum of Natural History" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">CMNH</collectionCode>
#354180, 1Ψ,
<collectionCode id="ED64AE44FF9AFFC6FC11FA0EFBC4FA57" box="[986,1076,1444,1470]" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/daw7-8h44" name="The Cleveland Museum of Natural History" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">CMNH</collectionCode>
#352853, emergence date
<date id="FFCB1041FF9AFFC6FE8BFA66FE45FA0F" box="[320,437,1484,1510]" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" value="2004-05-15">15.v.2004</date>
, host collection date 5.
<date id="FFCB1041FF9AFFC6FD75FA66FCB0FA0F" box="[702,832,1484,1510]" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" value="2003-07-01">
vii.2003,
<specimenCount id="9D73FD08FF9AFFC6FCFAFA66FCB0FA0F" box="[817,832,1484,1510]" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" type="generic">1</specimenCount>
</date>
♂, JSS#15202, emergence date
<date id="FFCB1041FF9AFFC6FB7BFA66FAD6FA0F" box="[1200,1318,1484,1510]" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" value="2004-05-15">15.v.2004</date>
, host collection date 14.
<date id="FFCB1041FF9AFFC6FDD8FA5EFD65F9E7" box="[531,661,1524,1550]" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" value="2003-07-01">vii.2003, 1</date>
Ψ,
<collectionCode id="ED64AE44FF9AFFC6FD73FA5EFCE3F9E7" box="[696,787,1524,1550]" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/daw7-8h44" name="The Cleveland Museum of Natural History" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">CMNH</collectionCode>
#352701, emergence date
<date id="FFCB1041FF9AFFC6FB88FA5EFB49F9E7" box="[1091,1209,1524,1550]" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" value="2004-05-17">17.v.2004</date>
, host collection date 5.
<date id="FFCB1041FF9AFFC6FE7AF9B6FDC8F9DF" box="[433,568,1564,1590]" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" value="2003-07-02">vii.2003, 2</date>
♂♂,
<collectionCode id="ED64AE44FF9AFFC6FDBBF9B6FD3BF9DF" box="[624,715,1564,1590]" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/daw7-8h44" name="The Cleveland Museum of Natural History" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">CMNH</collectionCode>
#353341, 354670, emergence date
<date id="FFCB1041FF9AFFC6FBB8F9B6FB19F9DF" box="[1139,1257,1564,1590]" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" value="2004-05-17">17.v.2004</date>
, host collection date 8.
<date id="FFCB1041FF9AFFC6FE07F9EEFDA0F9B7" box="[460,592,1604,1630]" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" value="2003-07-01">
vii.2003,
<specimenCount id="9D73FD08FF9AFFC6FD8AF9EEFDA0F9B7" box="[577,592,1604,1630]" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" type="generic">1</specimenCount>
</date>
♂,
<collectionCode id="ED64AE44FF9AFFC6FDBAF9EEFD3CF9B7" box="[625,716,1604,1630]" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/daw7-8h44" name="The Cleveland Museum of Natural History" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">CMNH</collectionCode>
#358101, emergence date
<date id="FFCB1041FF9AFFC6FC36F9EEFB82F9B7" box="[1021,1138,1604,1630]" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" value="2004-05-17">17.v.2004</date>
, host collection date 14.
<date id="FFCB1041FF9AFFC6FEACF9C6FE1FF96F" box="[359,495,1644,1670]" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" value="2003-07-01">
vii.2003,
<specimenCount id="9D73FD08FF9AFFC6FE2BF9C6FE1FF96F" box="[480,495,1644,1670]" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" type="generic">1</specimenCount>
</date>
♂,
<collectionCode id="ED64AE44FF9AFFC6FDDDF9C6FD80F96F" box="[534,624,1644,1670]" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/daw7-8h44" name="The Cleveland Museum of Natural History" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">CMNH</collectionCode>
#356286, emergence date
<date id="FFCB1041FF9AFFC6FC78F9C6FBD9F96F" box="[947,1065,1644,1670]" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" value="2004-05-19">19.v.2004</date>
, host collection date 14.
<date id="FFCB1041FF9AFFC6FEE2F93EFE49F947" box="[297,441,1684,1710]" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" value="2003-07-01">
vii.2003,
<specimenCount id="9D73FD08FF9AFFC6FE61F93EFE49F947" box="[426,441,1684,1710]" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" type="generic">1</specimenCount>
</date>
♂,
<collectionCode id="ED64AE44FF9AFFC6FE2CF93EFDB2F947" box="[487,578,1684,1710]" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/daw7-8h44" name="The Cleveland Museum of Natural History" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">CMNH</collectionCode>
#355821, emergence date
<date id="FFCB1041FF9AFFC6FC50F93EFBE1F947" box="[923,1041,1684,1710]" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" value="2004-05-19">19.v.2004</date>
, host collection date 26.
<date id="FFCB1041FF9AFFC6FEE0F916FE49F93F" box="[299,441,1724,1750]" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" value="2003-07-01">
vii.2003,
<specimenCount id="9D73FD08FF9AFFC6FE61F916FE49F93F" box="[426,441,1724,1750]" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" type="generic">1</specimenCount>
</date>
♂,
<collectionCode id="ED64AE44FF9AFFC6FE2CF916FDB1F93F" box="[487,577,1724,1750]" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/daw7-8h44" name="The Cleveland Museum of Natural History" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">CMNH</collectionCode>
#353893, emergence date
<date id="FFCB1041FF9AFFC6FC50F916FBE1F93F" box="[923,1041,1724,1750]" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" value="2004-05-20">20.v.2004</date>
, host collection date 14.
<date id="FFCB1041FF9AFFC6FEE2F94EFE49F917" box="[297,441,1764,1790]" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" value="2003-07-01">vii.2003, 1</date>
Ψ,
<collectionCode id="ED64AE44FF9AFFC6FE23F94EFDB2F917" box="[488,578,1764,1790]" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/daw7-8h44" name="The Cleveland Museum of Natural History" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">CMNH</collectionCode>
#356305, emergence date
<date id="FFCB1041FF9AFFC6FC57F94EFBE2F917" box="[924,1042,1764,1790]" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" value="2004-05-21">21.v.2004</date>
, host collection date 8.
<date id="FFCB1041FF9AFFC6FED2F8A6FE5CF8CF" box="[281,428,1804,1830]" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" value="2003-07-01">vii.2003, 1</date>
Ψ,
<collectionCode id="ED64AE44FF9AFFC6FE16F8A6FDC6F8CF" box="[477,566,1804,1830]" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/daw7-8h44" name="The Cleveland Museum of Natural History" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">CMNH</collectionCode>
#358340, emergence date
<date id="FFCB1041FF9AFFC6FC5CF8A6FBFCF8CF" box="[919,1036,1804,1830]" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" value="2004-05-22">22.v.2004</date>
, host collection date 14.
<date id="FFCB1041FF9AFFC6FEE2F89EFE49F8A7" box="[297,441,1844,1870]" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" value="2003-07-01">
vii.2003,
<specimenCount id="9D73FD08FF9AFFC6FE61F89EFE49F8A7" box="[426,441,1844,1870]" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" type="generic">1</specimenCount>
</date>
♂,
<collectionCode id="ED64AE44FF9AFFC6FE2CF89EFDB1F8A7" box="[487,577,1844,1870]" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/daw7-8h44" name="The Cleveland Museum of Natural History" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">CMNH</collectionCode>
#357825, emergence date
<date id="FFCB1041FF9AFFC6FC50F89EFBE1F8A7" box="[923,1041,1844,1870]" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" value="2004-05-23">23.v.2004</date>
, host collection date 5.
<date id="FFCB1041FF9BFFC7FED1FEB6FE5CFEDF" box="[282,428,284,310]" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" value="2003-07-01">vii.2003, 1</date>
Ψ,
<collectionCode id="ED64AE44FF9BFFC7FE16FEB6FDC7FEDF" box="[477,567,284,310]" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/daw7-8h44" name="The Cleveland Museum of Natural History" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">CMNH</collectionCode>
#358422, emergence date
<date id="FFCB1041FF9BFFC7FC5CFEB6FBFCFEDF" box="[919,1036,284,310]" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" value="2004-05-24">24.v.2004</date>
, host collection date 14.
<date id="FFCB1041FF9BFFC7FEE2FEEEFE5FFEB7" box="[297,431,324,350]" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" value="2003-07-01">
vii.2003,
<specimenCount id="9D73FD08FF9BFFC7FE6BFEEEFE5FFEB7" box="[416,431,324,350]" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" type="generic">1</specimenCount>
</date>
♂,
<collectionCode id="ED64AE44FF9BFFC7FE1FFEEEFDDDFEB7" box="[468,557,324,350]" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/daw7-8h44" name="The Cleveland Museum of Natural History" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">CMNH</collectionCode>
#352932, 1Ψ,
<collectionCode id="ED64AE44FF9BFFC7FD10FEEEFCC4FEB7" box="[731,820,324,350]" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/daw7-8h44" name="The Cleveland Museum of Natural History" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">CMNH</collectionCode>
#354570, emergence date
<date id="FFCB1041FF9BFFC7FBB8FEEEFB19FEB7" box="[1139,1257,324,350]" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" value="2004-05-26">26.v.2004</date>
, host collection date 14.
<date id="FFCB1041FF9BFFC7FE2BFEC6FD94FE6F" box="[480,612,364,390]" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" value="2003-07-01">vii.2003, 1</date>
Ψ,
<collectionCode id="ED64AE44FF9BFFC7FD41FEC6FD15FE6F" box="[650,741,364,390]" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/daw7-8h44" name="The Cleveland Museum of Natural History" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">CMNH</collectionCode>
#352881, emergence date
<date id="FFCB1041FF9BFFC7FBD7FEC6FB62FE6F" box="[1052,1170,364,390]" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" value="2004-05-27">27.v.2004</date>
, host collection date 14.
<date id="FFCB1041FF9BFFC7FE5DFE3EFDE8FE47" box="[406,536,404,430]" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" value="2003-07-01">vii.2003, 1</date>
Ψ,
<collectionCode id="ED64AE44FF9BFFC7FDF1FE3EFD64FE47" box="[570,660,404,430]" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/daw7-8h44" name="The Cleveland Museum of Natural History" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">CMNH</collectionCode>
#353444, emergence date
<date id="FFCB1041FF9BFFC7FC0EFE3EFBCBFE47" box="[965,1083,404,430]" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" value="2004-05-29">29.v.2004</date>
, host collection date 14.
<date id="FFCB1041FF9BFFC7FEE2FE16FE49FE3F" box="[297,441,444,470]" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" value="2003-07-01">vii.2003, 1</date>
Ψ,
<collectionCode id="ED64AE44FF9BFFC7FE23FE16FDB2FE3F" box="[488,578,444,470]" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/daw7-8h44" name="The Cleveland Museum of Natural History" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">CMNH</collectionCode>
#353236, emergence date
<date id="FFCB1041FF9BFFC7FC57FE16FBE2FE3F" box="[924,1042,444,470]" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" value="2004-05-31">31.v.2004</date>
, host collection date 14.
<date id="FFCB1041FF9BFFC7FEE2FE4EFE49FE17" box="[297,441,484,510]" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" value="2003-07-01">vii.2003, 1</date>
Ψ,
<collectionCode id="ED64AE44FF9BFFC7FE22FE4EFDB3FE17" box="[489,579,484,510]" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/daw7-8h44" name="The Cleveland Museum of Natural History" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">CMNH</collectionCode>
#353388, emergence date
<date id="FFCB1041FF9BFFC7FC54FE4EFBE0FE17" box="[927,1040,484,510]" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" value="2004-06-02">2.vi.2004</date>
, host collection date 14.
<date id="FFCB1041FF9BFFC7FEE2FDA6FE47FDCF" box="[297,439,524,550]" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" value="2003-07-01">vii.2003, 1</date>
Ψ,
<collectionCode id="ED64AE44FF9BFFC7FE2DFDA6FDB0FDCF" box="[486,576,524,550]" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/daw7-8h44" name="The Cleveland Museum of Natural History" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">CMNH</collectionCode>
#354178, emergence date
<date id="FFCB1041FF9BFFC7FC5DFDA6FBE6FDCF" box="[918,1046,524,550]" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" value="2004-06-17">17.vi.2004</date>
, host collection date 26.
<date id="FFCB1041FF9BFFC7FEE0FD9EFE47FDA7" box="[299,439,564,590]" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" value="2003-07-01">vii.2003, 1</date>
Ψ,
<collectionCode id="ED64AE44FF9BFFC7FE2DFD9EFDCFFDA7" box="[486,575,564,590]" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/daw7-8h44" name="The Cleveland Museum of Natural History" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">CMNH</collectionCode>
#356930, emergence date
<date id="FFCB1041FF9BFFC7FC5DFD9EFBE6FDA7" box="[918,1046,564,590]" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" value="2004-06-17">17.vi.2004</date>
, host collection date 10.
<date id="FFCB1041FF9BFFC7FEE2FDF6FE47FD9F" box="[297,439,604,630]" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" value="2003-08-01">
viii.2003,
<specimenCount id="9D73FD08FF9BFFC7FE63FDF6FE47FD9F" box="[424,439,604,630]" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" type="generic">1</specimenCount>
</date>
♂,
<collectionCode id="ED64AE44FF9BFFC7FE10FDF6FDC5FD9F" box="[475,565,604,630]" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/daw7-8h44" name="The Cleveland Museum of Natural History" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">CMNH</collectionCode>
#356395, reared from
<taxonomicName id="4C754D02FF9BFFC7FC8FFDF6FAD6FD9F" authority="Alexander" authorityName="Alexander" box="[836,1318,604,630]" class="Insecta" family="Bibionidae" genus="Tipula" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="mallochi" subGenus="Lunatipula">
<emphasis id="B901EA93FF9BFFC7FC8FFDF6FB6EFD9C" box="[836,1182,604,629]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">Tipula (Lunatipula) mallochi</emphasis>
Alexander
</taxonomicName>
, emergence date
<date id="FFCB1041FF9BFFC7FE01FD2EFDB0FD77" box="[458,576,644,670]" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" value="2004-05-15">15.v.2004</date>
, host collection date 5.
<date id="FFCB1041FF9BFFC7FC99FD2EFC27FD77" box="[850,983,644,670]" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" value="2003-07-01">vii.2003, 1</date>
Ψ, JSS#15207, D.P. Koenig, C.W. Young (
<collectionCode id="ED64AE44FF9BFFC7FE78FD06FDE2FD2F" box="[435,530,684,710]" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/daw7-8h44" name="The Cleveland Museum of Natural History" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">CMNH</collectionCode>
);
<emphasis id="B901EA93FF9BFFC7FDE3FD06FD88FD2F" bold="true" box="[552,632,684,710]" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">Texas:</emphasis>
Brazos Co., College Station, Lick Creek Park, [
<geoCoordinate id="EE415046FF9BFFC7FB7CFD06FAD6FD2F" box="[1207,1318,684,710]" direction="north" orientation="latitude" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" precision="925" value="30.633333">30°38' N</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate id="EE415046FF9BFFC7FEC3FD7EFE8BFD07" box="[264,379,724,750]" direction="west" orientation="longitude" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" precision="925" value="-96.333336">96°20' W</geoCoordinate>
], Malaise trap, 9–23.
<date id="FFCB1041FF9BFFC7FDA5FD7EFD12FD07" box="[622,738,724,750]" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" value="1988-04-01">
iv.1988,
<specimenCount id="9D73FD08FF9BFFC7FD18FD7EFD12FD07" box="[723,738,724,750]" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" type="generic">1</specimenCount>
</date>
♂, JSS#13395, 4ΨΨ, JSS#13396­7, 13402­3, 4♂♂, JSS#13398­9, 13401, 13404,
<specimenCount id="9D73FD08FF9BFFC7FDA2FD56FD88FCFF" box="[617,632,764,790]" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" type="generic">1</specimenCount>
♂, JSS#13400, Wharton, Praetorius (
<collectionCode id="ED64AE44FF9BFFC7FBE5FD56FB79FCFF" box="[1070,1161,764,790]" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">TAMU</collectionCode>
); Brazos Co., College Station, [
<geoCoordinate id="EE415046FF9BFFC7FE19FC8EFDCFFCD7" box="[466,575,804,830]" direction="north" orientation="latitude" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" precision="925" value="30.633333">30°38' N</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate id="EE415046FF9BFFC7FD80FC8EFD4FFCD7" box="[587,703,804,830]" direction="west" orientation="longitude" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" precision="925" value="-96.333336">96°20' W</geoCoordinate>
], Malaise trap, 16.iii.–19.
<date id="FFCB1041FF9BFFC7FC2EFC8EFBADFCD7" box="[997,1117,804,830]" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" value="1988-04-01">
iv.1988,
<specimenCount id="9D73FD08FF9BFFC7FB85FC8EFBADFCD7" box="[1102,1117,804,830]" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" type="generic">1</specimenCount>
</date>
♂, JSS#13405, R. Wharton (
<collectionCode id="ED64AE44FF9BFFC7FEB5FCE6FE29FC8F" box="[382,473,844,870]" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">TAMU</collectionCode>
); Brazos Co., College Station, Lick Creek P[ar]k, [
<geoCoordinate id="EE415046FF9BFFC7FBFBFCE6FB6DFC8F" box="[1072,1181,844,870]" direction="north" orientation="latitude" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" precision="925" value="30.55">30°33' N</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate id="EE415046FF9BFFC7FB61FCE6FAEEFC8F" box="[1194,1310,844,870]" direction="west" orientation="longitude" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" precision="925" value="-96.23333">96°14' W</geoCoordinate>
], 2200', [
<quantity id="4C8D9B64FF9BFFC7FEA2FCDEFE35FC67" box="[361,453,884,910]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="6.709999999999999" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" unit="m" value="671.0">671 m</quantity>
], Malaise trap, bottomland forest n[ea]r creek, 28–30.
<date id="FFCB1041FF9BFFC7FB47FCDEFAE0FC67" box="[1164,1296,884,910]" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" value="2000-03-01">
iii.2000,
<specimenCount id="9D73FD08FF9BFFC7FACAFCDEFAE0FC67" box="[1281,1296,884,910]" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" type="generic">1</specimenCount>
</date>
♂, JSS#11442, debu 0 0 109691, M. Buck (
<collectionCode id="ED64AE44FF9BFFC7FD16FC36FCC3FC5F" box="[733,819,924,950]" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/yhs7-n61d" name="Ontario Insect Collection, University of Guelph" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">DEBU</collectionCode>
); Brazos Co., College Station, Lick Creek P[ar]k, [
<geoCoordinate id="EE415046FF9BFFC7FEACFC6EFE23FC37" box="[359,467,964,990]" direction="north" orientation="latitude" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" precision="925" value="30.55">30°33' N</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate id="EE415046FF9BFFC7FE14FC6EFDA2FC37" box="[479,594,964,990]" direction="west" orientation="longitude" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" precision="925" value="-96.23333">96°14' W</geoCoordinate>
], 2200', [
<quantity id="4C8D9B64FF9BFFC7FD71FC6EFCFBFC37" box="[698,779,964,990]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="6.709999999999999" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" unit="m" value="671.0">671 m</quantity>
], Malaise trap, post oak savanna by creek, 28– 30.
<date id="FFCB1041FF9BFFC7FEE0FC46FE5CFBEF" box="[299,428,1004,1030]" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" value="2000-03-01">
iii.2000,
<specimenCount id="9D73FD08FF9BFFC7FE56FC46FE5CFBEF" box="[413,428,1004,1030]" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" type="generic">1</specimenCount>
</date>
♂, JSS#11443, debu 0 0 117703,
<specimenCount id="9D73FD08FF9BFFC7FCF6FC46FCBBFBEF" box="[829,843,1004,1030]" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" type="generic">1</specimenCount>
♂, JSS#11444, debu 0 0 113829 [3 legs removed for
<collectionCode id="ED64AE44FF9BFFC7FE64FBBEFE1FFBC7" LSID="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15536" box="[431,495,1044,1070]" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15536" name="Department of Natural Resources, Environment, The Arts and Sport" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">DNA</collectionCode>
extraction], 30.iii.–5.
<date id="FFCB1041FF9BFFC7FD3CFBBEFC88FBC7" box="[759,888,1044,1070]" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" value="2000-04-01">iv.2000, 1</date>
Ψ, JSS#11445, debu 0 0 114314, 5– 9.
<date id="FFCB1041FF9BFFC7FED1FB96FE68FBBF" box="[282,408,1084,1110]" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" value="2000-04-01">iv.2000, 1</date>
Ψ, JSS#11446, debu 0 0 114350 [3 legs removed for
<collectionCode id="ED64AE44FF9BFFC7FBEAFB96FB91FBBF" LSID="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15536" box="[1057,1121,1084,1110]" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15536" name="Department of Natural Resources, Environment, The Arts and Sport" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">DNA</collectionCode>
extraction], 1Ψ, JSS#11447, debu 0 0 117650,
<specimenCount id="9D73FD08FF9BFFC7FDADFBCEFD85FB97" box="[614,629,1124,1150]" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" type="generic">1</specimenCount>
♂, JSS#11448, debu 0 0 117621, M. Buck (
<collectionCode id="ED64AE44FF9BFFC7FBB8FBCEFB39FB97" box="[1139,1225,1124,1150]" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/yhs7-n61d" name="Ontario Insect Collection, University of Guelph" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">DEBU</collectionCode>
); Montgomery Co., [W.G.] Jones State Forest,
<quantity id="4C8D9B64FF9BFFC7FD26FB26FCD9FB4F" box="[749,809,1164,1190]" metricMagnitude="4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.2874752" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" unit="mi" value="8.0">8 mi</quantity>
[les] S Conroe, [
<geoCoordinate id="EE415046FF9BFFC7FC3BFB26FB91FB4F" box="[1008,1121,1164,1190]" direction="north" orientation="latitude" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" precision="925" value="30.216667">30°13' N</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate id="EE415046FF9BFFC7FBBBFB26FB18FB4F" box="[1136,1256,1164,1190]" direction="west" orientation="longitude" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" precision="925" value="-95.48333">95°29' W</geoCoordinate>
], 13– 19.
<date id="FFCB1041FF9BFFC7FEE2FB1EFE52FB27" box="[297,418,1204,1230]" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" value="1987-04-01">
iv.1987,
<specimenCount id="9D73FD08FF9BFFC7FE58FB1EFE52FB27" box="[403,418,1204,1230]" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" type="generic">1</specimenCount>
</date>
♂, JSS#13406, 27.iv.–3.
<date id="FFCB1041FF9BFFC7FD71FB1EFCD9FB27" box="[698,809,1204,1230]" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" value="1987-05-02">v.1987, 2</date>
ΨΨ, JSS#13407­8, 2♂♂, JSS#13409, 13410 [3 legs removed for
<collectionCode id="ED64AE44FF9BFFC7FE3DFB76FDC6FB1F" LSID="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15536" box="[502,566,1244,1270]" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15536" name="Department of Natural Resources, Environment, The Arts and Sport" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">DNA</collectionCode>
extraction], Wharton, Wang, Praetorius (
<collectionCode id="ED64AE44FF9BFFC7FBD1FB76FB85FB1F" box="[1050,1141,1244,1270]" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">TAMU</collectionCode>
);
<emphasis id="B901EA93FF9BFFC7FB40FB76FAD9FB1F" bold="true" box="[1163,1321,1244,1270]" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">Washington:</emphasis>
Walla Walla, [
<geoCoordinate id="EE415046FF9BFFC7FE67FAAEFDE9FAF7" box="[428,537,1284,1310]" direction="north" orientation="latitude" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" precision="925" value="46.066666">46°04' N</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate id="EE415046FF9BFFC7FDEEFAAEFD56FAF7" box="[549,678,1284,1310]" direction="west" orientation="longitude" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" precision="925" value="-118.333336">118°20' W</geoCoordinate>
], 18.
<date id="FFCB1041FF9BFFC7FD11FAAEFC94FAF7" box="[730,868,1284,1310]" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" value="1923-08-01">
viii.1923,
<specimenCount id="9D73FD08FF9BFFC7FC9EFAAEFC94FAF7" box="[853,868,1284,1310]" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" type="generic">1</specimenCount>
</date>
♂, JSS#11454 [genitalia in poor condition, epandrium broken], A.L. Melander, A.L. Melander collection 1961 (
<collectionCode id="ED64AE44FF9BFFC7FBACFA86FB32FAAF" LSID="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34871" box="[1127,1218,1324,1350]" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34871" name="Smithsonian Institution, National Museum of Natural History" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">USNM</collectionCode>
).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BCA3681FF9BFFC4FEF3FAFEFB91FEB7" blockId="13.[264,1323,283,1870]" lastBlockId="14.[264,1323,284,350]" lastPageId="14" lastPageNumber="15" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">
<emphasis id="B901EA93FF9BFFC7FEF3FAFEFC9EFA87" bold="true" box="[312,878,1364,1390]" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">
Other Material Examined:
<collectingCountry id="F3627611FF9BFFC7FD45FAFEFD04FA87" box="[654,756,1364,1390]" name="Canada" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">Canada</collectingCountry>
: Ontario:
</emphasis>
Puslinch, [
<geoCoordinate id="EE415046FF9BFFC7FC3AFAFEFBAEFA87" box="[1009,1118,1364,1390]" direction="north" orientation="latitude" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" precision="925" value="43.433334">43°26' N</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate id="EE415046FF9BFFC7FBA1FAFEFB2EFA87" box="[1130,1246,1364,1390]" direction="west" orientation="longitude" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" precision="925" value="-80.083336">80°05' W</geoCoordinate>
], Malaise trap, 1.
<date id="FFCB1041FF9BFFC7FE5BFAD6FDEAFA7F" box="[400,538,1404,1430]" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" value="1983-07-01">vii.1983, 1</date>
Ψ, JSS#11430, Coote &amp;
<collectingCountry id="F3627611FF9BFFC7FC80FAD6FC43FA7F" box="[843,947,1404,1430]" name="Marshall Islands" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">Marshall</collectingCountry>
(
<collectionCode id="ED64AE44FF9BFFC7FC0CFAD6FBEDFA7F" box="[967,1053,1404,1430]" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/yhs7-n61d" name="Ontario Insect Collection, University of Guelph" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">DEBU</collectionCode>
); Puslinch, [
<geoCoordinate id="EE415046FF9BFFC7FB7EFAD6FAD6FA7F" box="[1205,1318,1404,1430]" direction="north" orientation="latitude" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" precision="925" value="43.433334">43°26' N</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate id="EE415046FF9BFFC7FEC3FA0EFE70FA57" box="[264,384,1444,1470]" direction="west" orientation="longitude" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" precision="925" value="-80.083336">80°05' W</geoCoordinate>
], dry Malaise head, 28.
<date id="FFCB1041FF9BFFC7FD6BFA0EFCECFA57" box="[672,796,1444,1470]" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" value="1983-06-01">vi.1983, 1</date>
Ψ, JSS#11431, Coote &amp;
<collectingCountry id="F3627611FF9BFFC7FB87FA0EFB44FA57" box="[1100,1204,1444,1470]" name="Marshall Islands" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">Marshall</collectingCountry>
(
<collectionCode id="ED64AE44FF9BFFC7FB0CFA0EFAEDFA57" box="[1223,1309,1444,1470]" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/yhs7-n61d" name="Ontario Insect Collection, University of Guelph" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">DEBU</collectionCode>
); Cambridge, Cambridge Research Station, [
<geoCoordinate id="EE415046FF9BFFC7FD35FA66FC9CFA0F" box="[766,876,1484,1510]" direction="north" orientation="latitude" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" precision="925" value="43.383335">43°23' N</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate id="EE415046FF9BFFC7FCB3FA66FC1CFA0F" box="[888,1004,1484,1510]" direction="west" orientation="longitude" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" precision="925" value="-80.316666">80°19' W</geoCoordinate>
], Malaise trap, forest edge, 30.vi.–5.
<date id="FFCB1041FF9BFFC7FEA7FA5EFE04F9E7" box="[364,500,1524,1550]" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" value="1992-07-01">vii.1992, 1</date>
Ψ, JSS#11423, J. Skevington (
<collectionCode id="ED64AE44FF9BFFC7FCBAFA5EFC37F9E7" box="[881,967,1524,1550]" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/yhs7-n61d" name="Ontario Insect Collection, University of Guelph" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">DEBU</collectionCode>
);
<emphasis id="B901EA93FF9BFFC7FC29FA5EFE7DF9DF" bold="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">
<collectingCountry id="F3627611FF9BFFC7FC29FA5EFB63F9E7" box="[994,1171,1524,1550]" name="United States of America" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">United States</collectingCountry>
: District of
<collectingCountry id="F3627611FF9BFFC7FEC3F9B6FE78F9DF" box="[264,392,1564,1590]" name="United States of America" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">Columbia</collectingCountry>
:
</emphasis>
Washington, [
<geoCoordinate id="EE415046FF9BFFC7FDF6F9B6FD5EF9DF" box="[573,686,1564,1590]" direction="north" orientation="latitude" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" precision="925" value="38.9">38°54' N</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate id="EE415046FF9BFFC7FD76F9B6FCC3F9DF" box="[701,819,1564,1590]" direction="west" orientation="longitude" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" precision="925" value="-77.03333">77°02' W</geoCoordinate>
], 19.
<date id="FFCB1041FF9BFFC7FCA6F9B6FC19F9DF" box="[877,1001,1564,1590]" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" value="1944-06-01">vi.1944, 1</date>
Ψ, JSS#11506, G. Steyskal (
<collectionCode id="ED64AE44FF9BFFC7FEDBF9EEFE9BF9B7" LSID="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34871" box="[272,363,1604,1630]" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34871" name="Smithsonian Institution, National Museum of Natural History" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">USNM</collectionCode>
);
<emphasis id="B901EA93FF9BFFC7FE46F9EEFDE4F9B7" bold="true" box="[397,532,1604,1630]" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">Maryland:</emphasis>
Plummers Isl[and], [
<geoCoordinate id="EE415046FF9BFFC7FCF8F9EEFC5EF9B7" box="[819,942,1604,1630]" direction="north" orientation="latitude" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" precision="925" value="38.966667">38°58' N</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate id="EE415046FF9BFFC7FC0CF9EEFBB7F9B7" box="[967,1095,1604,1630]" direction="west" orientation="longitude" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" precision="925" value="-77.183334">77°11' W</geoCoordinate>
], 30.
<date id="FFCB1041FF9BFFC7FB40F9EEFAE0F9B7" box="[1163,1296,1604,1630]" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" value="1960-06-01">vi.1960, 1</date>
Ψ, JSS#11502, 6.
<date id="FFCB1041FF9BFFC7FE7FF9C6FDC5F96F" box="[436,565,1644,1670]" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" value="1959-06-01">vi.1959, 1</date>
Ψ, JSS#11503, K.V. Krombein (
<collectionCode id="ED64AE44FF9BFFC7FC00F9C6FBD6F96F" LSID="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34871" box="[971,1062,1644,1670]" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34871" name="Smithsonian Institution, National Museum of Natural History" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">USNM</collectionCode>
); Plummers Isl[and], [
<geoCoordinate id="EE415046FF9BFFC7FEC4F93EFE8DF947" box="[271,381,1684,1710]" direction="north" orientation="latitude" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" precision="925" value="38.966667">38°58' N</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate id="EE415046FF9BFFC7FE41F93EFE0EF947" box="[394,510,1684,1710]" direction="west" orientation="longitude" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" precision="925" value="-77.183334">77°11' W</geoCoordinate>
], 8–20.
<date id="FFCB1041FF9BFFC7FD9FF93EFD24F947" box="[596,724,1684,1710]" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" value="1968-07-01">vii.1968, 1</date>
Ψ, JSS#11504, P. Spangler (
<collectionCode id="ED64AE44FF9BFFC7FBD5F93EFB89F947" LSID="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34871" box="[1054,1145,1684,1710]" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34871" name="Smithsonian Institution, National Museum of Natural History" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">USNM</collectionCode>
);
<emphasis id="B901EA93FF9BFFC7FB44F93EFEB0F93F" bold="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">North Carolina:</emphasis>
Jackson Co., Cullowhee, Cane C[ree]k, [
<geoCoordinate id="EE415046FF9BFFC7FCE5F916FC6CF93F" box="[814,924,1724,1750]" direction="north" orientation="latitude" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" precision="925" value="35.333332">35°20' N</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate id="EE415046FF9BFFC7FC61F916FBEEF93F" box="[938,1054,1724,1750]" direction="west" orientation="longitude" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" precision="925" value="-83.183334">83°11' W</geoCoordinate>
], 2200', [
<quantity id="4C8D9B64FF9BFFC7FB41F916FB2CF93F" box="[1162,1244,1724,1750]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="6.709999999999999" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" unit="m" value="671.0">671 m</quantity>
], Malaise trap, 8.
<date id="FFCB1041FF9BFFC7FE6DF94EFDDFF917" box="[422,559,1764,1790]" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" value="1984-06-01">vi.1984, 1</date>
Ψ, JSS#11437, 9.
<date id="FFCB1041FF9BFFC7FCDAF94EFC68F917" box="[785,920,1764,1790]" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" value="1984-06-01">vi.1984, 1</date>
Ψ, JSS#11438, 15.
<date id="FFCB1041FF9BFFC7FB43F94EFAFFF917" box="[1160,1295,1764,1790]" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" value="1984-06-01">vi.1984, 1</date>
Ψ, JSS#11439, 26–27.
<date id="FFCB1041FF9BFFC7FE3EF8A6FD83F8CF" box="[501,627,1804,1830]" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" value="1984-06-02">vi.1984, 2</date>
ΨΨ, JSS#11440­1,
<collectingCountry id="F3627611FF9BFFC7FCADF8A6FC3EF8CF" box="[870,974,1804,1830]" name="Marshall Islands" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">Marshall</collectingCountry>
(
<collectionCode id="ED64AE44FF9BFFC7FC2CF8A6FBCDF8CF" box="[999,1085,1804,1830]" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/yhs7-n61d" name="Ontario Insect Collection, University of Guelph" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">DEBU</collectionCode>
);
<emphasis id="B901EA93FF9BFFC7FB90F8A6FB3BF8CF" bold="true" box="[1115,1227,1804,1830]" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">Virginia:</emphasis>
Clarke County,
<quantity id="4C8D9B64FF9BFFC7FEBFF89EFE26F8A7" box="[372,470,1844,1870]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="8.04672" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" unit="mi" value="5.0">5 miles</quantity>
] E Berryville, [
<geoCoordinate id="EE415046FF9BFFC7FD68F89EFCE9F8A7" box="[675,793,1844,1870]" direction="north" orientation="latitude" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" precision="925" value="39.15">39°09' N</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate id="EE415046FF9BFFC7FCE5F89EFC5BF8A7" box="[814,939,1844,1870]" direction="west" orientation="longitude" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" precision="925" value="-77.98333">77°59' W</geoCoordinate>
],
<taxonomicName id="4C754D02FF9BFFC7FC0CF89EFBF6F8A7" box="[967,1030,1844,1870]" class="Trilobita" family="Styginidae" genus="Scutellum" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Corynexochida" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="black">black</taxonomicName>
light, 18.
<date id="FFCB1041FF9BFFC7FB4EF89EFAE0F8A7" box="[1157,1296,1844,1870]" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" value="1976-07-01">vii.1976, 1</date>
Ψ, JSS#11510, G.F. Hevel (
<collectionCode id="ED64AE44FF98FFC4FDE5FEB6FD79FEDF" LSID="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34871" box="[558,649,284,310]" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34871" name="Smithsonian Institution, National Museum of Natural History" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">USNM</collectionCode>
); Montg[omery] Co.,
<quantity id="4C8D9B64FF98FFC4FC58FEB6FC22FEDF" box="[915,978,284,310]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="8.0" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" unit="km" value="8.0">8 km</quantity>
NW Blacksburg, [
<geoCoordinate id="EE415046FF98FFC4FB7DFEB6FAD6FEDF" box="[1206,1318,284,310]" direction="north" orientation="latitude" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" precision="925" value="37.233334">37°14' N</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate id="EE415046FF98FFC4FEC3FEEEFE8BFEB7" box="[264,379,324,350]" direction="west" orientation="longitude" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" precision="925" value="-80.416664">80°25' W</geoCoordinate>
],
<quantity id="4C8D9B64FF98FFC4FE44FEEEFE19FEB7" box="[399,489,324,350]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.0" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" unit="m" value="1000.0">1000 m</quantity>
, 9.
<date id="FFCB1041FF98FFC4FDC2FEEEFD72FEB7" box="[521,642,324,350]" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" value="1987-06-01">vi.1987, 1</date>
Ψ, JSS#11462,
<collectionCode id="ED64AE44FF98FFC4FCFDFEEEFC81FEB7" LSID="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:12685" box="[822,881,324,350]" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:12685" name="Botanical Record Club" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">BRC</collectionCode>
Hym. Team (
<collectionCode id="ED64AE44FF98FFC4FBD9FEEEFBA4FEB7" box="[1042,1108,324,350]" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/y2kv-9w3k" name="Canadian National Collection of Insects, Arachnids, and Nematodes" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">CNC</collectionCode>
).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<caption id="DF0A6609FF98FFC4FEC3F96AFCDDF8B1" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/171343/files/figure.png" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" targetBox="[264,1322,409,1715]" targetPageId="14">
<paragraph id="8BCA3681FF98FFC4FEC3F96AFCDDF8B1" blockId="14.[264,1323,1728,1880]" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">
<emphasis id="B901EA93FF98FFC4FEC3F96AFE79F931" bold="true" box="[264,393,1728,1752]" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">FIGURE 4.</emphasis>
Left lateral of ovipositors of female
<taxonomicName id="4C754D02FF98FFC4FCDBF96BFC69F931" box="[784,921,1729,1752]" class="Insecta" family="Pipunculidae" genus="Nephrocerus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B901EA93FF98FFC4FCDBF96BFC69F931" box="[784,921,1729,1752]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">Nephrocerus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
species. Abbreviations: B = length of ovipositor base; cerc = cercus; OL = ovipositor length; PL = piercer length; spt = spermatheca, S = sternite; T = tergite. Scale bars = 0.1 mm. A.
<taxonomicName id="4C754D02FF98FFC4FD32F8ABFBECF8F1" box="[761,1052,1793,1816]" class="Insecta" family="Pipunculidae" genus="Nephrocerus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="acanthostylus">
<emphasis id="B901EA93FF98FFC4FD32F8ABFBECF8F1" box="[761,1052,1793,1816]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">Nephrocerus acanthostylus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, JSS#13477. B.
<taxonomicName id="4C754D02FF98FFC4FB18F8ABFE5DF8D1" class="Insecta" family="Pipunculidae" genus="Nephrocerus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="atrapilus">
<emphasis id="B901EA93FF98FFC4FB18F8ABFE5DF8D1" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">Nephrocerus atrapilus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, JSS#13397. C.
<taxonomicName id="4C754D02FF98FFC4FDA7F88BFC8EF8D1" box="[620,894,1825,1848]" class="Insecta" family="Pipunculidae" genus="Nephrocerus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="corpulentus">
<emphasis id="B901EA93FF98FFC4FDA7F88BFC8EF8D1" box="[620,894,1825,1848]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">Nephrocerus corpulentus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, JSS#13365. D.
<taxonomicName id="4C754D02FF98FFC4FBF5F88BFAD4F8D1" box="[1086,1316,1825,1848]" class="Insecta" family="Pipunculidae" genus="Nephrocerus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="daeckei">
<emphasis id="B901EA93FF98FFC4FBF5F88BFAD4F8D1" box="[1086,1316,1825,1848]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">Nephrocerus daeckei</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, JSS#11407. E.
<taxonomicName id="4C754D02FF98FFC4FE61F8EBFD51F8B1" box="[426,673,1857,1880]" class="Insecta" family="Pipunculidae" genus="Nephrocerus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="slossonae">
<emphasis id="B901EA93FF98FFC4FE61F8EBFD51F8B1" box="[426,673,1857,1880]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">Nephrocerus slossonae</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, JSS#11795.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<subSubSection id="C36F650AFF99FFC5FEF3FEB1FD0FFEB7" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" type="etymology">
<paragraph id="8BCA3681FF99FFC5FEF3FEB1FD0FFEB7" blockId="15.[264,1325,283,1841]" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">
<emphasis id="B901EA93FF99FFC5FEF3FEB1FE38FEDC" bold="true" box="[312,456,283,309]" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">Etymology:</emphasis>
From the Latin
<emphasis id="B901EA93FF99FFC5FD59FEB6FD33FEDC" box="[658,707,284,309]" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">atra</emphasis>
for ‘black’ and
<emphasis id="B901EA93FF99FFC5FC41FEB6FC33FEDC" box="[906,963,284,309]" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">pilus</emphasis>
for ‘hair’; in reference to the
<taxonomicName id="4C754D02FF99FFC5FEC3FEEEFEB7FEB7" box="[264,327,324,350]" class="Trilobita" family="Styginidae" genus="Scutellum" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Corynexochida" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="black">black</taxonomicName>
hairs on the abdomen of this species.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C36F650AFF99FFC5FEF3FEC1FD28F8D8" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" type="description">
<paragraph id="8BCA3681FF99FFC5FEF3FEC1FD28F8D8" blockId="15.[264,1325,283,1841]" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">
<emphasis id="B901EA93FF99FFC5FEF3FEC1FDDCFE6C" bold="true" box="[312,556,363,389]" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">Description: Male:</emphasis>
Body length 5.7–8.9 mm.
<emphasis id="B901EA93FF99FFC5FC59FEC1FC2EFE6C" bold="true" box="[914,990,363,389]" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">Head:</emphasis>
Holoptic,
<emphasis id="B901EA93FF99FFC5FBA7FEC6FB29FE44" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">eyes joined for approximately two to four times the length of ocellar triangle, H:O 2.19–4.40:1.</emphasis>
Arista
<taxonomicName id="4C754D02FF99FFC5FEC3FE15FEB7FE30" box="[264,327,447,473]" class="Trilobita" family="Styginidae" genus="Scutellum" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Corynexochida" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="black">black</taxonomicName>
with yellow base. 1st flagellomere yellow. Pedicel yellow with 14–21 bristles along distal margin. Scape yellow with 3–11 dorsal bristles. Labellum and palps yellow. Occiput silver­pubescent with multiple rows of white hairs.
<emphasis id="B901EA93FF99FFC5FCA5FDA4FC24FDC1" bold="true" box="[878,980,526,552]" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">Thorax:</emphasis>
Proepisternum with a fan of 6–8 bristles. Postpronotal lobe yellow with 4–7 yellow hairs on posterior edge. Scutum usually
<taxonomicName id="4C754D02FF99FFC5FEA1FDF5FE59FD90" box="[362,425,607,633]" class="Trilobita" family="Styginidae" genus="Scutellum" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Corynexochida" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="black">black</taxonomicName>
dorsally, yellow laterally, with sharply defined boundaries between the colours (cf.
<figureCitation id="134E2A04FF99FFC5FE53FD2DFE2BFD48" box="[408,475,647,673]" captionStart="FIGURE 1" captionStartId="8.[264,367,1712,1736]" captionTargetBox="[264,1322,321,1678]" captionTargetId="figure@8.[262,1324,321,1688]" captionTargetPageId="8" captionText="FIGURE 1. Photographs of Nephrocerus species. Abbreviation: prepst = proepisternum. Scale bars = 1.0 mm. A. Nephrocerus acanthostylus, holotype, JSS # 15348, ♂, dorsal of head, thorax and base of abdomen. B. Nephrocerus slossonae, JSS # 11834, ♂, dorsal of head, thorax and base of abdomen. C. Nephrocerus acanthostylus, JSS # 13450, Ψ, left lateral. D. Nephrocerus slossonae, JSS # 11836, ♂, left lateral of head and thorax. E. ♂, Nephrocerus slossonae, JSS # 11490, left lateral of head and thorax." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/171340/files/figure.png" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">Fig. 1</figureCitation>
C); with dorsocentral and intra­alar rows of hairs, dorsocentrals longer and increasing in size posteriorly, terminating in 2–4 strong setae. Notopleuron with 2 setae and numerous smaller hairs. 1 posterior supra­alar seta. Postalar callus with 2 setae and 6–7 other moderately strong bristles.
<taxonomicName id="4C754D02FF99FFC5FD21FD55FC91FCF0" box="[746,865,767,793]" class="Trilobita" family="Styginidae" genus="Scutellum" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Corynexochida" pageId="15" pageNumber="10" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Scutellum</taxonomicName>
yellow; with 2–3 pairs of strong posterior setae and numerous small
<taxonomicName id="4C754D02FF99FFC5FDB6FC8DFD4DFCA8" box="[637,701,807,833]" class="Trilobita" family="Styginidae" genus="Scutellum" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Corynexochida" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="black">black</taxonomicName>
bristles over entire surface. Pleuron mostly yellow,
<taxonomicName id="4C754D02FF99FFC5FEC3FCE5FEB7FC80" box="[264,327,847,873]" class="Trilobita" family="Styginidae" genus="Scutellum" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Corynexochida" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="black">black</taxonomicName>
on basal four fifths of katepisternum and meron, anterior anepisternum, small sclerite below wing base and subscutellum; anepimeron brown in some Texas, Florida and Mississippi specimens. Halter yellow.
<emphasis id="B901EA93FF99FFC5FD7EFC34FD09FC51" bold="true" box="[693,761,926,952]" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">Legs:</emphasis>
long and slender, entirely yellow;
<emphasis id="B901EA93FF99FFC5FB7EFC35FD56FC09" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">
hairs and sockets on coxae brown to
<taxonomicName id="4C754D02FF99FFC5FDADFC6DFD56FC09" box="[614,678,967,992]" class="Trilobita" family="Styginidae" genus="Scutellum" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Corynexochida" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="black">black</taxonomicName>
</emphasis>
; hairs on trochanters and femora predominantly to entirely brown to
<taxonomicName id="4C754D02FF99FFC5FE10FC45FDEEFBE0" box="[475,542,1007,1033]" class="Trilobita" family="Styginidae" genus="Scutellum" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Corynexochida" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="black">black</taxonomicName>
, sometimes yellow on base of femora; tibiae and tarsi with brown to
<taxonomicName id="4C754D02FF99FFC5FEE2FBBDFE98FBD8" box="[297,360,1047,1073]" class="Trilobita" family="Styginidae" genus="Scutellum" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Corynexochida" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="black">black</taxonomicName>
hairs with
<taxonomicName id="4C754D02FF99FFC5FE3EFBBDFDC4FBD8" box="[501,564,1047,1073]" class="Trilobita" family="Styginidae" genus="Scutellum" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Corynexochida" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="black">black</taxonomicName>
sockets. Fore and mid­tibiae slender and slightly arched dorsoventrally; hind tibia narrow on basal third, broader towards tip, laterally arched in apical half (in dorsal view);
<emphasis id="B901EA93FF99FFC5FDCDFBCDFB0BFB69" box="[518,1275,1127,1152]" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">apex with circlet of stiff yellow bristles all about the same length</emphasis>
(cf.
<figureCitation id="134E2A04FF99FFC5FEC3FB25FEBBFB40" box="[264,331,1167,1193]" captionStart="FIGURE 1" captionStartId="8.[264,367,1712,1736]" captionTargetBox="[264,1322,321,1678]" captionTargetId="figure@8.[262,1324,321,1688]" captionTargetPageId="8" captionText="FIGURE 1. Photographs of Nephrocerus species. Abbreviation: prepst = proepisternum. Scale bars = 1.0 mm. A. Nephrocerus acanthostylus, holotype, JSS # 15348, ♂, dorsal of head, thorax and base of abdomen. B. Nephrocerus slossonae, JSS # 11834, ♂, dorsal of head, thorax and base of abdomen. C. Nephrocerus acanthostylus, JSS # 13450, Ψ, left lateral. D. Nephrocerus slossonae, JSS # 11836, ♂, left lateral of head and thorax. E. ♂, Nephrocerus slossonae, JSS # 11490, left lateral of head and thorax." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/171340/files/figure.png" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">Fig. 1</figureCitation>
C). Trochanters with 3–6 dorsomedial bristles and a row of shorter ventral bristles, most prominent on rear trochanter.
<emphasis id="B901EA93FF99FFC5FD74FB1CFCE8FB39" bold="true" box="[703,792,1206,1232]" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">Wings:</emphasis>
Length: 6.1–8.1 mm; fourth costal section about 2–3 times as long as third, C4:C3 2.0–3.0:1; R­M situated between basal one­third to nearly middle of discal medial cell (dm), S3:S2 2.1–3.0:1. Cell r1 bare basally; Sc entirely bare to microtrichose in distal corner only; cell bm entirely bare to microtrichose along distal edge only.
<taxonomicName id="4C754D02FF99FFC5FE18FAF5FDD2FA90" box="[467,546,1375,1401]" class="Gastropoda" family="Tegulidae" genus="Tegula" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Trochida" pageId="15" pageNumber="10" phylum="Mollusca" rank="genus">Tegula</taxonomicName>
with 9–13
<taxonomicName id="4C754D02FF99FFC5FD60FAF5FD1BFA90" box="[683,747,1375,1401]" class="Trilobita" family="Styginidae" genus="Scutellum" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Corynexochida" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="black">black</taxonomicName>
bristles.
<emphasis id="B901EA93FF99FFC5FC93FAF4FC2CFA91" bold="true" box="[856,988,1374,1400]" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">Abdomen:</emphasis>
Tergite 1 brown with a yellow anterolateral patch; with 9–15 large
<taxonomicName id="4C754D02FF99FFC5FD33FA2DFCC7FA48" box="[760,823,1415,1441]" class="Trilobita" family="Styginidae" genus="Scutellum" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Corynexochida" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="black">black</taxonomicName>
bristles. Tergites 2–3 brown with yellow along posterior edge and laterally. Tergite 4 similar but with less yellow. Tergites 5–7 brown to
<taxonomicName id="4C754D02FF99FFC5FEB2FA7DFE4BFA18" box="[377,443,1495,1521]" class="Trilobita" family="Styginidae" genus="Scutellum" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Corynexochida" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="black">black</taxonomicName>
, usually with very narrow yellow posterior and lateral edges. Sternites 1–5 brown. Syntergosternite 8 brown dorsally, yellow ventrally.
<emphasis id="B901EA93FF99FFC5FC2EFA55FB52F9F1" box="[997,1186,1535,1560]" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">
All hairs
<taxonomicName id="4C754D02FF99FFC5FB90FA55FB6EF9F1" box="[1115,1182,1535,1560]" class="Trilobita" family="Styginidae" genus="Scutellum" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Corynexochida" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="black">black</taxonomicName>
.
</emphasis>
<emphasis id="B901EA93FF99FFC5FB66FA54FADAF9F1" bold="true" box="[1197,1322,1534,1560]" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">Genitalia:</emphasis>
Epandrium and terminalia usually light brown, occasionally yellowish brown, phallus
<taxonomicName id="4C754D02FF99FFC5FEC3F9E5FEBBF980" box="[264,331,1615,1641]" class="Trilobita" family="Styginidae" genus="Scutellum" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Corynexochida" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="black">black</taxonomicName>
. Epandrium one and a third to about one and a half times as wide as long, WE:LE 1.3–1.6:1.
<emphasis id="B901EA93FF99FFC5FE4EF9DDFE2FF979" box="[389,479,1655,1680]" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">Surstyli</emphasis>
asymmetrical;
<emphasis id="B901EA93FF99FFC5FD59F9DDFBEFF979" box="[658,1055,1655,1680]" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">with upper lobes short, triangular</emphasis>
(
<figureCitation id="134E2A04FF99FFC5FBE5F9DDFB85F978" box="[1070,1141,1655,1681]" captionStart="FIGURE 6" captionStartId="17.[264,367,947,971]" captionTargetBox="[286,1298,290,922]" captionTargetId="figure@17.[284,1303,286,930]" captionTargetPageId="17" captionText="FIGURE 6. Male Nephrocerus atrapilus terminalia, ejaculatory apodeme and sperm pump removed. Arrows indicate key feature. Scale bars = 0.1 mm. A. left lateral, JSS # 11484. B. right lateral, JSS # 11495. C. dorsal, JSS # 11495. D. ventral, JSS # 11495, phallus removed." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/171345/files/figure.png" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">Fig. 6</figureCitation>
C);
<emphasis id="B901EA93FF99FFC5FB6BF9DDFB7EF950" bold="true" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">middle lobe of right surstylus stubby, pointed, with no similar structure on left surstylus</emphasis>
(
<figureCitation id="134E2A04FF99FFC5FB55F935FB13F950" box="[1182,1251,1695,1721]" captionStart="FIGURE 6" captionStartId="17.[264,367,947,971]" captionTargetBox="[286,1298,290,922]" captionTargetId="figure@17.[284,1303,286,930]" captionTargetPageId="17" captionText="FIGURE 6. Male Nephrocerus atrapilus terminalia, ejaculatory apodeme and sperm pump removed. Arrows indicate key feature. Scale bars = 0.1 mm. A. left lateral, JSS # 11484. B. right lateral, JSS # 11495. C. dorsal, JSS # 11495. D. ventral, JSS # 11495, phallus removed." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/171345/files/figure.png" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">Fig. 6</figureCitation>
C, D). Distiphallus with numerous, robust spines starting before first loop (
<figureCitation id="134E2A04FF99FFC5FBE0F96DFB82F908" box="[1067,1138,1735,1761]" captionStart="FIGURE 6" captionStartId="17.[264,367,947,971]" captionTargetBox="[286,1298,290,922]" captionTargetId="figure@17.[284,1303,286,930]" captionTargetPageId="17" captionText="FIGURE 6. Male Nephrocerus atrapilus terminalia, ejaculatory apodeme and sperm pump removed. Arrows indicate key feature. Scale bars = 0.1 mm. A. left lateral, JSS # 11484. B. right lateral, JSS # 11495. C. dorsal, JSS # 11495. D. ventral, JSS # 11495, phallus removed." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/171345/files/figure.png" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">Fig. 6</figureCitation>
C).
<emphasis id="B901EA93FF99FFC5FB56F96DFAF2F908" bold="true" box="[1181,1282,1735,1761]" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">Female:</emphasis>
As male except: Ovipositor short, upcurved, 0.77–1.15 mm (
<figureCitation id="134E2A04FF99FFC5FC0AF945FBFDF8E0" box="[961,1037,1775,1801]" captionStart="FIGURE 4" captionStartId="14.[264,367,1728,1752]" captionTargetBox="[264,1322,409,1715]" captionTargetId="figure@14.[254,1332,407,1721]" captionTargetPageId="14" captionText="FIGURE 4. Left lateral of ovipositors of female Nephrocerus species. Abbreviations: B = length of ovipositor base; cerc = cercus; OL = ovipositor length; PL = piercer length; spt = spermatheca, S = sternite; T = tergite. Scale bars = 0.1 mm. A. Nephrocerus acanthostylus, JSS # 13477. B. Nephrocerus atrapilus, JSS # 13397. C. Nephrocerus corpulentus, JSS # 13365. D. Nephrocerus daeckei, JSS # 11407. E. Nephrocerus slossonae, JSS # 11795." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/171343/files/figure.png" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">Fig. 4</figureCitation>
B). OL:PL 1.25–1.36:1; BL:OL 6.21–7.79:1; B:PL 0.28–0.42:1.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C36F650AFF86FFDAFEF3FEB1FD82FE47" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" type="distribution">
<paragraph id="8BCA3681FF86FFDAFEF3FEB1FD82FE47" blockId="16.[264,1324,283,430]" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">
<emphasis id="B901EA93FF86FFDAFEF3FEB1FE2AFEDC" bold="true" box="[312,474,283,309]" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">Distribution:</emphasis>
Mostly an eastern North American distribution. Known from
<specimenCount id="9D73FD08FF86FFDAFB78FEB6FEB6FEB7" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" type="generic">104 specimens</specimenCount>
distributed from southwestern Quebec and New
<collectingCountry id="F3627611FF86FFDAFC6BFEEEFC19FEB7" box="[928,1001,324,350]" name="Jersey" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">Jersey</collectingCountry>
south to northern Florida, west to eastern Texas and eastern Kansas (
<figureCitation id="134E2A04FF86FFDAFD34FEC6FCB7FE6F" box="[767,839,364,390]" captionStart="FIGURE 5" captionStartId="16.[264,367,1860,1884]" captionTargetBox="[281,1301,526,1810]" captionTargetId="figure@16.[281,1306,526,1836]" captionTargetPageId="16" captionText="FIGURE 5. Distributions of Nephrocerus acanthostylus and Nephrocerus atrapilus." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/171344/files/figure.png" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">Fig. 5</figureCitation>
). One additional specimen was collected in SE Washington (see below).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<caption id="DF0A6609FF86FFDAFEC3F8EEFB7CF8B2" box="[264,1164,1860,1884]" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/171344/files/figure.png" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" targetBox="[281,1301,526,1810]" targetPageId="16">
<paragraph id="8BCA3681FF86FFDAFEC3F8EEFB7CF8B2" blockId="16.[264,1164,1860,1884]" box="[264,1164,1860,1884]" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">
<emphasis id="B901EA93FF86FFDAFEC3F8EEFE79F8B5" bold="true" box="[264,393,1860,1884]" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">FIGURE 5.</emphasis>
Distributions of
<taxonomicName id="4C754D02FF86FFDAFDF4F8EFFC92F8B5" box="[575,866,1861,1884]" class="Insecta" family="Pipunculidae" genus="Nephrocerus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="acanthostylus">
<emphasis id="B901EA93FF86FFDAFDF4F8EFFC92F8B5" box="[575,866,1861,1884]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">Nephrocerus acanthostylus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and
<taxonomicName id="4C754D02FF86FFDAFC5EF8EFFB75F8B5" box="[917,1157,1861,1884]" class="Insecta" family="Pipunculidae" genus="Nephrocerus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="atrapilus">
<emphasis id="B901EA93FF86FFDAFC5EF8EFFB75F8B5" box="[917,1157,1861,1884]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">Nephrocerus atrapilus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<caption id="DF0A6609FF87FFDBFEC3FC19FB98FBF1" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/171345/files/figure.png" pageId="17" pageNumber="18" targetBox="[286,1298,290,922]" targetPageId="17">
<paragraph id="8BCA3681FF87FFDBFEC3FC19FB98FBF1" blockId="17.[264,1325,947,1048]" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">
<emphasis id="B901EA93FF87FFDBFEC3FC19FE7BFC22" bold="true" box="[264,395,947,971]" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">FIGURE 6</emphasis>
. Male
<taxonomicName id="4C754D02FF87FFDBFE23FC1EFD10FC22" box="[488,736,948,971]" class="Insecta" family="Pipunculidae" genus="Nephrocerus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="17" pageNumber="18" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="atrapilus">
<emphasis id="B901EA93FF87FFDBFE23FC1EFD10FC22" box="[488,736,948,971]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">Nephrocerus atrapilus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
terminalia, ejaculatory apodeme and sperm pump removed. Arrows indicate key feature. Scale bars = 0.1 mm. A. left lateral, JSS#11484. B. right lateral, JSS#11495. C. dorsal, JSS#11495. D. ventral, JSS#11495, phallus removed.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<subSubSection id="C36F650AFF87FFD8FEF3FBDDFDA3FD27" lastPageId="18" lastPageNumber="19" pageId="17" pageNumber="18" type="discussion">
<paragraph id="8BCA3681FF87FFDBFEF3FBDDFB3AFAE0" blockId="17.[264,1325,1143,1895]" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">
<emphasis id="B901EA93FF87FFDBFEF3FBDDFE38FB78" bold="true" box="[312,456,1143,1169]" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">Comments:</emphasis>
This is one of the most common species of
<taxonomicName id="4C754D02FF87FFDBFC32FBD2FB7FFB78" box="[1017,1167,1144,1169]" class="Insecta" family="Pipunculidae" genus="Nephrocerus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="17" pageNumber="18" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B901EA93FF87FFDBFC32FBD2FB7FFB78" box="[1017,1167,1144,1169]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">Nephrocerus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
. It has been recorded from a variety of habitats including: bottomland forest near a creek, post oak savanna near a creek and an oak hilltop. The latter specimen from Masham Township in Quebec was hilltopping (see discussion of this behaviour under
<taxonomicName id="4C754D02FF87FFDBFC3EFB5AFB49FAE0" box="[1013,1209,1264,1289]" class="Insecta" family="Pipunculidae" genus="Nephrocerus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="17" pageNumber="18" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="acanthostylus">
<emphasis id="B901EA93FF87FFDBFC3EFB5AFB49FAE0" box="[1013,1209,1264,1289]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">N. acanthostylus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BCA3681FF87FFDBFEF3FABDFBD8F99E" blockId="17.[264,1325,1143,1895]" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">
The primary flight period for
<taxonomicName id="4C754D02FF87FFDBFD50FAB2FC54FAD8" box="[667,932,1304,1329]" class="Insecta" family="Pipunculidae" genus="Nephrocerus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="17" pageNumber="18" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="atrapilus">
<emphasis id="B901EA93FF87FFDBFD50FAB2FC54FAD8" box="[667,932,1304,1329]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">Nephrocerus atrapilus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
in the north is from mid­June to the end of the first week of July. In the deep south (Texas to Florida), it occurs from late March to mid­May. In the mid­eastern
<collectingCountry id="F3627611FF87FFDBFD15FACDFCECFA68" box="[734,796,1383,1409]" name="United States of America" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">USA</collectingCountry>
, it occurs from mid­May to mid­July, but is most common from mid­May to mid­June. There is one outlying record from
<date id="FFCB1041FF87FFDBFB7AFA38FEB6FA3E" pageId="17" pageNumber="18" value="1923-08-08">August 8th 1923</date>
. This record suggests that the species may have a partial 2nd generation; however, because this specimen is the only western specimen (from Walla Walla, Washington), the situation may be more complex. The flight time in the west could be different from that of eastern populations (and in fact from all known
<taxonomicName id="4C754D02FF87FFDBFC93F99FFC1FF9A7" box="[856,1007,1589,1614]" class="Insecta" family="Pipunculidae" genus="Nephrocerus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="17" pageNumber="18" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B901EA93FF87FFDBFC93F99FFC1FF9A7" box="[856,1007,1589,1614]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">Nephrocerus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
species) or this specimen may be entirely mislabeled (location and date both could be wrong).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BCA3681FF87FFDBFEF3F92FFCFFF906" blockId="17.[264,1325,1143,1895]" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">
Within the
<taxonomicName id="4C754D02FF87FFDBFE77F92FFDE6F977" box="[444,534,1669,1694]" class="Insecta" family="Pipunculidae" genus="Nephrocerus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="17" pageNumber="18" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="daeckei">
<emphasis id="B901EA93FF87FFDBFE77F92FFDE6F977" box="[444,534,1669,1694]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">daeckei</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
group, females of
<taxonomicName id="4C754D02FF87FFDBFD3FF92FFC70F977" box="[756,896,1669,1694]" class="Insecta" family="Pipunculidae" genus="Nephrocerus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="17" pageNumber="18" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="atrapilus">
<emphasis id="B901EA93FF87FFDBFD3FF92FFC70F977" box="[756,896,1669,1694]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">N. atrapilus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and
<taxonomicName id="4C754D02FF87FFDBFC70F92FFBC8F977" box="[955,1080,1669,1694]" class="Insecta" family="Pipunculidae" genus="Nephrocerus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="17" pageNumber="18" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="daeckei">
<emphasis id="B901EA93FF87FFDBFC70F92FFBC8F977" box="[955,1080,1669,1694]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">N. daeckei</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
are very similar and females of
<taxonomicName id="4C754D02FF87FFDBFE41F907FE04F92F" box="[394,500,1709,1734]" class="Insecta" family="Pipunculidae" genus="Nephrocerus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="17" pageNumber="18" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="woodi">
<emphasis id="B901EA93FF87FFDBFE41F907FE04F92F" box="[394,500,1709,1734]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">N. woodi</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
are unknown. As a result, only females of
<taxonomicName id="4C754D02FF87FFDBFC23F907FB84F92F" box="[1000,1140,1709,1734]" class="Insecta" family="Pipunculidae" genus="Nephrocerus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="17" pageNumber="18" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="atrapilus">
<emphasis id="B901EA93FF87FFDBFC23F907FB84F92F" box="[1000,1140,1709,1734]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">N. atrapilus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
that are associated with males are designated as
<typeStatus id="54CE8823FF87FFDBFD5CF97FFCFBF906" box="[663,779,1749,1775]" pageId="17" pageNumber="18" type="paratype">paratypes</typeStatus>
.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BCA3681FF87FFD8FEF3F957FDA3FD27" blockId="17.[264,1325,1143,1895]" lastBlockId="18.[264,1323,284,718]" lastPageId="18" lastPageNumber="19" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">
Just before sending this manuscript off to press, Chen Young (CMNH) announced that David Koenig and he reared
<taxonomicName id="4C754D02FF87FFDBFD97F88FFD02F8D7" box="[604,754,1829,1854]" class="Insecta" family="Pipunculidae" genus="Nephrocerus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="17" pageNumber="18" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B901EA93FF87FFDBFD97F88FFD02F8D7" box="[604,754,1829,1854]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">Nephrocerus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
in 2004 (pers. comm.). The specimens that they reared were obtained and all are
<taxonomicName id="4C754D02FF87FFDBFD50F8E7FCDAF88F" box="[667,810,1869,1894]" class="Insecta" family="Pipunculidae" genus="Nephrocerus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="17" pageNumber="18" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="atrapilus">
<emphasis id="B901EA93FF87FFDBFD50F8E7FCDAF88F" box="[667,810,1869,1894]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">N. atrapilus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
. Twenty­three of the 24 reared specimens were reared from the adult crane fly,
<taxonomicName id="4C754D02FF84FFD8FD02FEB6FB96FEDF" authority="Walker" authorityName="Walker" box="[713,1126,284,310]" class="Insecta" family="Bibionidae" genus="Tipula" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="18" pageNumber="19" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="duplex" subGenus="Lunatipula">
<emphasis id="B901EA93FF84FFD8FD02FEB6FBF9FEDC" box="[713,1033,284,309]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">Tipula (Lunatipula) duplex</emphasis>
Walker
</taxonomicName>
(
<taxonomicName id="4C754D02FF84FFD8FBB3FEB6FB25FEDF" box="[1144,1237,284,310]" kingdom="Plantae" order="Diptera" pageId="18" pageNumber="19" rank="order">Diptera</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName id="4C754D02FF84FFD8FB29FEB6FECDFEB7" class="Insecta" family="Tipulidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="18" pageNumber="19" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="family">Tipulidae</taxonomicName>
). The other specimen was reared from adult
<taxonomicName id="4C754D02FF84FFD8FC83FEEEFECCFE6F" authority="Alexander. This" authorityName="Alexander. This" class="Insecta" family="Bibionidae" genus="Tipula" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="18" pageNumber="19" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="mallochi" subGenus="Lunatipula">
<emphasis id="B901EA93FF84FFD8FC83FEEEFB54FEB4" box="[840,1188,324,349]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">Tipula (Lunatipula) mallochi</emphasis>
Alexander. This
</taxonomicName>
is the first time that any species of
<taxonomicName id="4C754D02FF84FFD8FD17FEC6FC83FE6C" box="[732,883,364,389]" class="Insecta" family="Pipunculidae" genus="Nephrocerus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="18" pageNumber="19" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B901EA93FF84FFD8FD17FEC6FC83FE6C" box="[732,883,364,389]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">Nephrocerus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
has been reared and the host is a radical departure from other known pipunculid hosts. All pipunculids previously associated with hosts were reared from leafhoppers, planthoppers and their relatives (Auchenorrhyncha). These hosts are typically parasitized as 2nd instar larvae (
<bibRefCitation id="EFE44B70FF84FFD8FBC6FE46FEB7FDC7" author="Skevington" pageId="18" pageNumber="36" refString="Skevington J. &amp; Marshall, S. A. (1998) Systematics of New World Pipunculus (Diptera: Pipunculidae). Thomas Say Publications in Entomology: Monographs, Entomological Society of America, Lanham, Maryland, 201 pp." type="book" year="1998">
Skevington &amp;
<collectingCountry id="F3627611FF84FFD8FB09FE46FADAFDEF" box="[1218,1322,492,518]" name="Marshall Islands" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">Marshall</collectingCountry>
1998
</bibRefCitation>
). Only
<taxonomicName id="4C754D02FF84FFD8FE55FDBEFDF7FDC4" box="[414,519,532,557]" class="Insecta" family="Pipunculidae" genus="Verrallia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="18" pageNumber="19" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B901EA93FF84FFD8FE55FDBEFDF7FDC4" box="[414,519,532,557]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">Verrallia</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and
<taxonomicName id="4C754D02FF84FFD8FD8BFDBEFD11FDC4" box="[576,737,532,557]" class="Insecta" family="Pipunculidae" genus="Jassidophaga" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="18" pageNumber="19" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B901EA93FF84FFD8FD8BFDBEFD11FDC4" box="[576,737,532,557]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">Jassidophaga</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
break this pattern and attack spittlebugs (
<taxonomicName id="4C754D02FF84FFD8FB02FDBEFECAFDBF" class="Insecta" family="Cercopidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="18" pageNumber="19" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="family">Cercopidae</taxonomicName>
) just as the newly moulted adults emerge from their spittle masses (
<bibRefCitation id="EFE44B70FF84FFD8FB69FD96FE5AFD97" author="Linnane" pageId="18" pageNumber="36" refString="Linnane J. P. &amp; Osgood, E. A. (1977) Verrallia virginica (Diptera: Pipunculidae) reared from the Saratoga Spittlebug in Maine. Proceedings of the Entomological Society of Washington, 79, 622 - 623." type="journal article" year="1977">Linnane &amp; Osgood 1977</bibRefCitation>
). Therefore, not only does
<taxonomicName id="4C754D02FF84FFD8FD2DFDCEFC8CFD94" box="[742,892,612,637]" class="Insecta" family="Pipunculidae" genus="Nephrocerus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="18" pageNumber="19" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B901EA93FF84FFD8FD2DFDCEFC8CFD94" box="[742,892,612,637]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">Nephrocerus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
attack flies, they also are unconventional in attacking adults. This remarkable discovery will be detailed in an upcoming paper by
<bibRefCitation id="EFE44B70FF84FFD8FEE6FD1EFDBFFD27" author="Koenig" box="[301,591,692,718]" pageId="18" pageNumber="36" refString="Koenig, D. P. &amp; Young, C. W. (2005) First observation of parasitic relations between big-headed flies Nephrocerus (Diptera: Pipunculidae) and crane flies, Tipula (Diptera: Tipulidae: Tipulinae), with larval and puparial description of Nephrocerus atrapilus Skevington. In prep." type="book" year="2005">Koenig &amp; Young (2005)</bibRefCitation>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>
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