treatments-xml/data/FE/37/87/FE3787EB2B48FFD4FD000134F033F903.xml

<document id="D5BB25F58EC2CAFC9E589EC021FB086B" ID-CLB-Dataset="295755" ID-DOI="10.1590/1982-0224-2023-0078" ID-GBIF-Dataset="c9f70be8-8a23-4bc8-9807-20a7a59c0934" ID-ISSN="1982-0224" ID-Zenodo-Dep="11126941" ID-ZooBank="941964DC-D43F-4876-9DEE-D94D0E464F01" IM.bibliography_approvedBy="guilherme" IM.illustrations_approvedBy="guilherme" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="guilherme" IM.metadata_approvedBy="guilherme" IM.tables_requiresApprovalFor="GgImagineBatch,operationResults" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" IM.treatments_approvedBy="guilherme" checkinTime="1714151761383" checkinUser="felipe" docAuthor="Widholzer, Ronaldo L., Borsoi, Jessica, Reis, Roberto E. &amp; Lehmann A., Pablo" docDate="2024" docId="FE3787EB2B48FFD4FD000134F033F903" docLanguage="en" docName="NeotropIchthyol.2024.22.1.e230078.pdf" docOrigin="Neotropical Ichthyology (e 230078) 22 (1)" docSource="http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/1982-0224-2023-0078" docStyle="DocumentStyle:FC0C3FD10650AF21F8DA93D98D275823.3:NeotropIchthyol.2020-.journal_article" docStyleId="FC0C3FD10650AF21F8DA93D98D275823" docStyleName="NeotropIchthyol.2020-.journal_article" docStyleVersion="3" docTitle="Ancistrus megacanthus Widholzer &amp; Borsoi &amp; Reis &amp; Lehmann A. 2024, new species" docType="treatment" docVersion="3" lastPageNumber="8" masterDocId="020EFF932B4BFFD3FFF7003CF477FFA8" masterDocTitle="A new species of Ancistrus (Siluriformes: Loricariidae), with a redescription of Ancistrus brevipinnis and further evidence of hidden diversity in the laguna dos Patos system, Brazil" masterLastPageNumber="23" masterPageNumber="1" pageNumber="4" updateTime="1715088476302" updateUser="ExternalLinkService" zenodo-license-document="CC-BY-4.0">
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<mods:title id="196800F2FF758A2F17C0CC4B280A0332">A new species of Ancistrus (Siluriformes: Loricariidae), with a redescription of Ancistrus brevipinnis and further evidence of hidden diversity in the laguna dos Patos system, Brazil</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="8D40D57C68056E4C1459B1D235291C6D">Widholzer, Ronaldo L.</mods:namePart>
<mods:affiliation id="812924262FD80A00575F5FA9E5CE5338">Laboratório de Sistemática e Taxonomia, Universidade do Vale do Rio dos Sinos, Av. Unisinos, 950, 93022 - 750 São Leopoldo, RS, Brazil. (RLW) ronaldow @ edu. unisinos. br (corresponding author), (JB) borsoi. je @ gmail. com.</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:namePart id="3B78D0799C8AA36EA41BA64338AAC00D">Borsoi, Jessica</mods:namePart>
<mods:affiliation id="348DB34BFEBD887D367076DC56F13001">Laboratório de Sistemática e Taxonomia, Universidade do Vale do Rio dos Sinos, Av. Unisinos, 950, 93022 - 750 São Leopoldo, RS, Brazil. (RLW) ronaldow @ edu. unisinos. br (corresponding author), (JB) borsoi. je @ gmail. com.</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:namePart id="1A1B3F4F97A98C711AE35CDCF585C3E2">Lehmann A., Pablo</mods:namePart>
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<mods:date id="8B9F9CBF86B211F493526C7721BF625D">2024</mods:date>
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<taxonomicName id="B19E4D7E2B48FFD0FD000134F065FE89" authority="Widholzer &amp; Borsoi &amp; Reis &amp; Lehmann A., 2024" authorityName="Widholzer &amp; Borsoi &amp; Reis &amp; Lehmann A." authorityYear="2024" box="[759,1042,264,289]" family="Loricariidae" genus="Ancistrus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Siluriformes" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="megacanthus" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="44EAEAEF2B48FFD0FD000134F065FE89" bold="true" box="[759,1042,264,289]" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">Ancistrus megacanthus</emphasis>
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, 
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urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act: 
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<subSubSection id="3E8465762B48FFD0FC9001A2F043FE1E" box="[871,1076,414,438]" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" type="description">
<paragraph id="762136FD2B48FFD0FC9001A2F043FE1E" blockId="3.[871,1076,414,438]" box="[871,1076,414,438]" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">
(
<figureCitation id="EEA52A782B48FFD0FC9801A2F7A0FE1E" box="[879,983,414,438]" captionStart-0="FIGURE 1" captionStart-1="FIGURE 2" captionStartId-0="4.[488,561,1425,1445]" captionStartId-1="5.[488,561,641,661]" captionTargetBox-0="[507,1446,198,1371]" captionTargetBox-1="[488,1459,199,619]" captionTargetId-0="figure-65@4.[488,1459,173,1402]" captionTargetId-1="figure-40@5.[488,1459,199,619]" captionTargetPageId-0="4" captionTargetPageId-1="5" captionText-0="FIGURE 1 | Ancistrus megacanthus, dorsal, lateral and ventral views of holotype, MCP 19582, male, 96.8 mm SL, Brazil, Rio Grande do Sul, São Gabriel, rio Vacacaí on road RS-630, tributary to rio Jacuí, laguna dos Patos system." captionText-1="FIGURE 2 | Life color pattern of Ancistrus megacanthus. Specimens not preserved. Hisonotus armatus and Hemiancistrus punctulatus in background." figureDoi-0="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.11126943" figureDoi-1="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.11126947" httpUri-0="https://zenodo.org/record/11126943/files/figure.png" httpUri-1="https://zenodo.org/record/11126947/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">Figs. 1‒2</figureCitation>
; 
<tableCitation id="3B1C03462B48FFD0FC1501A2F05DFE1E" box="[994,1066,414,438]" captionStart="TABLE 1" captionStartId="6.[488,550,193,213]" captionTargetId="graphics-28@6.[488,1459,360,1706]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="TABLE 1 | Morphometric data of Ancistrus megacanthus. Holotype and 15 paratypes; ranges include holotype. SD = Standard deviation." httpUri="http://table.plazi.org/id/22E166752B4DFFD5FE1F00FDF75AFF53" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" tableUuid="22E166752B4DFFD5FE1F00FDF75AFF53">Tab. 1</tableCitation>
)
</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="762136FD2B48FFD0FDF101D5F168FDE3" blockId="3.[487,1459,488,587]" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">
<materialsCitation id="C6F63CA02B48FFD0FDF101D5F168FDE3" collectingDate="1997-01-14" collectionCode="R, V" collectorName="L. R. Malabarba &amp; J. A. Gomes &amp; V. A. Bertaco." country="Brazil" county="Sao Gabriel" latitude="-30.455" location="rio Vacacai" longLatPrecision="20" longitude="-54.373886" municipality="Sao Gabriel" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" specimenCode="MCP 19582" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Rio Grande do Sul" typeStatus="holotype">
<emphasis id="44EAEAEF2B48FFD0FDF101D5F60AFDA9" bold="true" box="[518,637,489,513]" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">
<typeStatus id="A925885F2B48FFD0FDF101D5F60EFDA9" box="[518,633,489,513]" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" type="holotype">Holotype</typeStatus>
.
</emphasis>
<specimenCode id="26389E862B48FFD0FD7201D5F766FDA8" box="[645,785,488,513]" collectionCode="MCP" country="Brazil" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/bqgs-f9q8" name="Pontificia Universidade Catolica do Rio Grande do Sul" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">MCP 19582</specimenCode>
, male, 
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SL, 
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, 
<collectingRegion id="B45AF81F2B48FFD0FBBE01D4F169FDA8" box="[1097,1310,488,512]" country="Brazil" name="Rio Grande do Sul" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">Rio Grande do Sul</collectingRegion>
, 
<collectingMunicipality id="9645AC872B48FFD0FADD01D5F1D8FDA8" box="[1322,1455,488,513]" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">São Gabriel</collectingMunicipality>
, 
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on road RS-630, tributary to 
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, 
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, 
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, 
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<collectingDate id="1264E9D52B48FFD0FD74020FF77EFDE3" box="[643,777,563,587]" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" value="1997-01-14">14 Jan 1997</collectingDate>
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, 
<collectorName id="DB6B532B2B48FFD0FCE20208F7BDFDE3" box="[789,970,563,587]" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">L. R. Malabarba</collectorName>
, 
<collectorName id="DB6B532B2B48FFD0FC220208F02BFDE3" box="[981,1116,563,587]" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">J. A. Gomes</collectorName>
&amp; 
<collectorName id="DB6B532B2B48FFD0FB890208F168FDE3" box="[1150,1311,563,587]" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">V. A. Bertaco.</collectorName>
</materialsCitation>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="762136FD2B48FFD0FDF10242F155FC68" blockId="3.[487,1459,637,961]" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">
<materialsCitation id="C6F63CA02B48FFD0FDF10242F16FFCAE" collectingDate="1993-04-15" collectingDateMax="2022-11-04" collectingDateMin="1993-04-15" collectionCode="R" collectorName="A. Ramires. &amp; M. Haas. &amp; Sao Gabriel &amp; Cambaizinho &amp; Widholzer &amp; M. Haas" country="Brazil" county="rio Vacacai" latitude="-30.339724" location="rio Vacacai basin" longLatPrecision="20" longitude="-54.051945" municipality="Sao Gabriel" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" specimenCode="MCP 54919, MCP 16294, MZUSP 128046, UFRGS 29411" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Rio Grande do Sul" typeStatus="paratype">
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<typeStatus id="A925885F2B48FFD0FDF10242F60CFD3E" box="[518,635,638,662]" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" type="paratype">Paratypes</typeStatus>
. 
<collectingCountry id="0E89766D2B48FFD0FD7B0242F6A0FD3E" box="[652,727,638,662]" name="Brazil" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">Brazil</collectingCountry>
, 
<collectingRegion id="B45AF81F2B48FFD0FD1D0242F7A9FD3E" box="[746,990,638,662]" country="Brazil" name="Rio Grande do Sul" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">Rio Grande do Sul</collectingRegion>
, 
<location id="734160262B48FFD0FC070242F0BCFD3E" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:FE3787EB2B48FFD4FD000134F033F903:734160262B48FFD0FC070242F0BCFD3E" box="[1008,1227,637,662]" country="Brazil" county="rio Vacacai" latitude="-30.339724" longLatPrecision="20" longitude="-54.051945" municipality="Sao Gabriel" name="rio Vacacai basin" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" stateProvince="Rio Grande do Sul">rio Vacacaí basin</location>
, 
<location id="734160262B48FFD0FB290242F64DFD13" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:FE3787EB2B48FFD4FD000134F033F903:734160262B48FFD0FB290242F64DFD13" country="Brazil" county="rio Vacacai" latitude="-30.339724" longLatPrecision="20" longitude="-54.051945" municipality="Sao Gabriel" name="laguna dos Patos system" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" stateProvince="Rio Grande do Sul">laguna dos Patos system</location>
</emphasis>
: 
<specimenCode id="26389E862B48FFD0FDB1029FF6A6FD13" box="[582,721,675,699]" collectionCode="MCP" country="Brazil" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/bqgs-f9q8" name="Pontificia Universidade Catolica do Rio Grande do Sul" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">MCP 54919</specimenCode>
, 5, 
<quantity id="B1669B182B48FFD0FD02029FF7E1FD13" box="[757,918,675,699]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="6.11" metricValueMax="7.45" metricValueMin="4.77" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" unit="mm" value="61.1" valueMax="74.5" valueMin="47.7">47.7‒74.5 mm</quantity>
SL (all measured) + 1 c&amp;s, 
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SL, collected with holotype. 
<specimenCode id="26389E862B48FFD0FD6102F5F754FD48" box="[662,803,712,737]" collectionCode="MCP" country="Brazil" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/bqgs-f9q8" name="Pontificia Universidade Catolica do Rio Grande do Sul" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">MCP 16294</specimenCode>
, 6, 
<quantity id="B1669B182B48FFD0FCBB02F4F78BFD48" box="[844,1020,712,736]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.0485" metricValueMax="1.244" metricValueMin="0.853" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" unit="mm" value="104.85" valueMax="124.4" valueMin="85.3">85.3‒124.4 mm</quantity>
SL (all measured), 
<specimenCode id="26389E862B48FFD0FB2102F5F1E5FD48" box="[1238,1426,712,737]" collectionCode="MZUSP" country="Brazil" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/6yx0-3nm7" name="Museu de Zoologia da Universidade de Sao Paulo" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">MZUSP 128046</specimenCode>
, 
<quantity id="B1669B182B48FFD0FA6902F5F62BFCAD" metricMagnitude="0" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.1202" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" unit="mm" value="1120.2">1, 120.2 mm</quantity>
SL (measured), 
<specimenCode id="26389E862B48FFD0FCEE02D2F7B3FCAE" box="[793,964,750,774]" collectionCode="UFRGS" country="Brazil" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/3q02-t412" name="Universidade Federale do Rio Grande do Sul" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">UFRGS 29411</specimenCode>
, 
<quantity id="B1669B182B48FFD0FC2502D2F012FCAD" box="[978,1125,750,774]" metricMagnitude="0" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.1011" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" unit="mm" value="1101.1">1, 101.1 mm</quantity>
SL (measured),
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<materialsCitation id="C6F63CA02B48FFD0FAD502D2F7BBFCF8" collectingDate="1993-04-15" collectingDateMax="2022-11-04" collectingDateMin="1993-04-15" collectionCode="R" collectorName="A. Ramires." country="Brazil" county="rio Vacacai" latitude="-30.339724" location="arroio Pessegueiro" longLatPrecision="20" longitude="-54.051945" municipality="Sao Gabriel" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" specimenCode="MCP 54883" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Cacapava do Sul" typeStatus="paratype">
<collectingRegion id="B45AF81F2B48FFD0FAD502D2F67AFC83" inferredBySuffix="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">Caçapava do Sul</collectingRegion>
, 
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, 
<emphasis id="44EAEAEF2B48FFD0FD0C0328F767FC83" box="[763,784,788,811]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">ca</emphasis>
. 
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, 
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<collectingDate id="1264E9D52B48FFD0FC05032FF0F3FC83" box="[1010,1156,787,811]" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" value="1993-04-15">15 Apr 1993</collectingDate>
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, 
<collectorName id="DB6B532B2B48FFD0FB65032FF16FFC83" box="[1170,1304,787,811]" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">A. Ramires.</collectorName>
<specimenCode id="26389E862B48FFD0FAD6032FF1D8FC83" box="[1313,1455,787,811]" collectionCode="MCP" country="Brazil" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/bqgs-f9q8" name="Pontificia Universidade Catolica do Rio Grande do Sul" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">MCP 54883</specimenCode>
, 1 (tissue sample), 
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SL (measured),
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<collectingMunicipality id="9645AC872B48FFD0FC210305F029FCF8" box="[982,1118,824,849]" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">São Gabriel</collectingMunicipality>
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<location id="734160262B48FFD0FB9C0304F138FCF8" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:FE3787EB2B48FFD4FD000134F033F903:734160262B48FFD0FB9C0304F138FCF8" box="[1131,1359,824,848]" country="Brazil" county="rio Vacacai" latitude="-30.339724" longLatPrecision="20" longitude="-54.051945" municipality="Sao Gabriel" name="arroio Cambaizinho" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" stateProvince="Rio Grande do Sul">arroio Cambaizinho</location>
on road BR-290, 
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, 
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<collectingDate id="1264E9D52B48FFD0FC9B0362F7AAFCDE" box="[876,989,862,886]" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" value="2022-07-05">5 Jul 2022</collectingDate>
</date>
, 
<collectorName id="DB6B532B2B48FFD0FC1F0362F0F7FCDE" box="[1000,1152,862,886]" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">R. Widholzer</collectorName>
&amp; 
<collectorName id="DB6B532B2B48FFD0FB570362F173FCDD" box="[1184,1284,862,885]" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">M. Haas.</collectorName>
<specimenCode id="26389E862B48FFD0FAFD0362F1E3FCDE" box="[1290,1428,862,886]" collectionCode="MCP" country="Brazil" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/bqgs-f9q8" name="Pontificia Universidade Catolica do Rio Grande do Sul" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">MCP 54898</specimenCode>
, 2, 
<quantity id="B1669B182B48FFD0FE1003BFF6FFFC33" box="[487,648,899,923]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.89" metricValueMax="4.41" metricValueMin="3.37" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" unit="mm" value="38.9" valueMax="44.1" valueMin="33.7">33.7‒44.1 mm</quantity>
SL (1 measured, 
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SL),
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<collectingMunicipality id="9645AC872B48FFD0FC1203BFF01EFC33" box="[997,1129,899,923]" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">São Gabriel</collectingMunicipality>
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<location id="734160262B48FFD0FB8403BFF122FC33" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:FE3787EB2B48FFD4FD000134F033F903:734160262B48FFD0FB8403BFF122FC33" box="[1139,1365,899,923]" country="Brazil" county="rio Vacacai" latitude="-30.339724" longLatPrecision="20" longitude="-54.051945" municipality="Sao Gabriel" name="arroio Cambaizinho" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" stateProvince="Rio Grande do Sul">arroio Cambaizinho</location>
on road BR-290, 
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, 
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<collectingDate id="1264E9D52B48FFD0FC980395F781FC69" box="[879,1014,937,961]" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" value="2022-11-04">4 Nov 2022</collectingDate>
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, 
<collectorName id="DB6B532B2B48FFD0FBF50395F0ECFC68" box="[1026,1179,936,960]" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">R. Widholzer</collectorName>
&amp; 
<collectorName id="DB6B532B2B48FFD0FB4A0395F169FC68" box="[1213,1310,937,960]" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">M. Haas</collectorName>
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.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="762136FD2B48FFD0FDF103CFF6D8FB98" blockId="3.[488,1459,1011,1072]" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">
<emphasis id="44EAEAEF2B48FFD0FDF103CFF6C6FBA3" bold="true" box="[518,689,1011,1035]" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">Genseq-2 coI.</emphasis>
Sequence deposited in GenBank (
<collectionCode id="108FAE382B48FFD0FBB603CFF008FBA3" box="[1089,1151,1011,1035]" country="Brazil" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/bqgs-f9q8" name="Pontificia Universidade Catolica do Rio Grande do Sul" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">MCP</collectionCode>
54883 GenBank accession code OR250758).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="3E8465762B48FFD0FDF1045FF0A3F823" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" type="diagnosis">
<paragraph id="762136FD2B48FFD0FDF1045FF0A3F823" blockId="3.[486,1461,1123,1932]" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">
<emphasis id="44EAEAEF2B48FFD0FDF1045FF6F1FBD3" bold="true" box="[518,646,1123,1147]" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">Diagnosis.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="B19E4D7E2B48FFD0FD650458F7F5FBD3" box="[658,898,1123,1147]" family="Loricariidae" genus="Ancistrus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Siluriformes" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="megacanthus">
<emphasis id="44EAEAEF2B48FFD0FD650458F7F5FBD3" box="[658,898,1123,1147]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">Ancistrus megacanthus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
differs from non-Andean congeners (except 
<taxonomicName id="B19E4D7E2B48FFD0FA6D0458F7BCFB09" authority="Bifi, Pavanelli &amp; Zawadzki, 2009" authorityName="Bifi, Pavanelli &amp; Zawadzki" authorityYear="2009" family="Loricariidae" genus="Ancistrus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Siluriformes" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="abilhoai">
<emphasis id="44EAEAEF2B48FFD0FA6D0458F64CFB08" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">A. abilhoai</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="120F4B0C2B48FFD0FDB104B4F7BCFB09" author="Bifi AG &amp; Pavanelli CS &amp; Zawadzki CH" box="[582,971,1160,1185]" journalOrPublisher="Zootaxa." pageId="3" pageNumber="4" pagination="41 - 59" part="2275" refId="ref11297" refString="• Bifi AG, Pavanelli CS, Zawadzki CH. Three new species of Ancistrus Kner, 1854 (Siluriformes: Loricariidae) from the rio Iguacu basin, Parana State, Brazil. Zootaxa. 2009; 2275 (1): 41 - 59. https: // doi. org / 10.11646 / zootaxa. 2275.1.3" title="Three new species of Ancistrus Kner, 1854 (Siluriformes: Loricariidae) from the rio Iguacu basin, Parana State, Brazil" type="journal article" year="2009">Bifi, Pavanelli &amp; Zawadzki, 2009</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
, 
<taxonomicName id="B19E4D7E2B48FFD0FC2D04B5F656FB6E" authority="Bifi, Pavanelli &amp; Zawadzki, 2009" authorityName="Bifi, Pavanelli &amp; Zawadzki" authorityYear="2009" family="Loricariidae" genus="Ancistrus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Siluriformes" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="agostinhoi">
<emphasis id="44EAEAEF2B48FFD0FC2D04B5F010FB08" box="[986,1127,1160,1184]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">A. agostinhoi</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="120F4B0C2B48FFD0FB8504B4F656FB6E" author="Bifi AG &amp; Pavanelli CS &amp; Zawadzki CH" journalOrPublisher="Zootaxa." pageId="3" pageNumber="4" pagination="41 - 59" part="2275" refId="ref11297" refString="• Bifi AG, Pavanelli CS, Zawadzki CH. Three new species of Ancistrus Kner, 1854 (Siluriformes: Loricariidae) from the rio Iguacu basin, Parana State, Brazil. Zootaxa. 2009; 2275 (1): 41 - 59. https: // doi. org / 10.11646 / zootaxa. 2275.1.3" title="Three new species of Ancistrus Kner, 1854 (Siluriformes: Loricariidae) from the rio Iguacu basin, Parana State, Brazil" type="journal article" year="2009">Bifi, Pavanelli &amp; Zawadzki, 2009</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
, 
<taxonomicName id="B19E4D7E2B48FFD0FDD80492F7F4FB6E" authority="Eigenmann, 1920" authorityName="Eigenmann" authorityYear="1920" box="[559,899,1198,1222]" family="Loricariidae" genus="Ancistrus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Siluriformes" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="brevifilis">
<emphasis id="44EAEAEF2B48FFD0FDD80492F6DCFB6E" box="[559,683,1198,1222]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">A. brevifilis</emphasis>
Eigenmann, 1920
</taxonomicName>
, 
<taxonomicName id="B19E4D7E2B48FFD0FC660492F053FB6E" box="[913,1060,1198,1222]" family="Loricariidae" genus="Ancistrus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Siluriformes" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="brevipinnis">
<emphasis id="44EAEAEF2B48FFD0FC660492F053FB6E" box="[913,1060,1198,1222]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">A. brevipinnis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, 
<taxonomicName id="B19E4D7E2B48FFD0FBC10492F1D8FB6E" authority="(Valenciennes, 1836)" baseAuthorityName="Valenciennes" baseAuthorityYear="1836" box="[1078,1455,1198,1222]" family="Loricariidae" genus="Ancistrus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Siluriformes" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="cirrhosus">
<emphasis id="44EAEAEF2B48FFD0FBC10492F0C2FB6E" box="[1078,1205,1198,1222]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">A. cirrhosus</emphasis>
(Valenciennes, 1836)
</taxonomicName>
, 
<taxonomicName id="B19E4D7E2B48FFD0FE1F04E8F68DFB43" authority="Knaack, 1999" authorityName="Knaack" authorityYear="1999" box="[488,762,1235,1259]" family="Loricariidae" genus="Ancistrus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Siluriformes" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="cuiabae">
<emphasis id="44EAEAEF2B48FFD0FE1F04E8F622FB43" box="[488,597,1235,1259]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">A. cuiabae</emphasis>
Knaack, 1999
</taxonomicName>
, 
<taxonomicName id="B19E4D7E2B48FFD0FCF104E8F02DFB43" authority="(Gunther, 1864)" baseAuthorityName="Gunther" baseAuthorityYear="1864" box="[774,1114,1235,1259]" family="Loricariidae" genus="Ancistrus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Siluriformes" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="hoplogenys">
<emphasis id="44EAEAEF2B48FFD0FCF104E8F7EEFB43" box="[774,921,1235,1259]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">A. hoplogenys</emphasis>
(Günther, 1864)
</taxonomicName>
, 
<taxonomicName id="B19E4D7E2B48FFD0FB9104E8F6A6FAB9" authority="de Souza, Taphorn &amp; Armbruster, 2019" authorityName="de Souza, Taphorn &amp; Armbruster" authorityYear="2019" family="Loricariidae" genus="Ancistrus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Siluriformes" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="kellerae">
<emphasis id="44EAEAEF2B48FFD0FB9104E8F0A2FB43" box="[1126,1237,1235,1259]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">A. kellerae</emphasis>
de Souza, Taphorn &amp; Armbruster, 2019
</taxonomicName>
, 
<taxonomicName id="B19E4D7E2B48FFD0FD2804C5F04DFAB8" authority="(Gunther, 1864)" baseAuthorityName="Gunther" baseAuthorityYear="1864" box="[735,1082,1272,1296]" family="Loricariidae" genus="Ancistrus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Siluriformes" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="leucostictus">
<emphasis id="44EAEAEF2B48FFD0FD2804C5F702FAB8" box="[735,885,1272,1296]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">A. leucostictus</emphasis>
(Günther, 1864)
</taxonomicName>
, 
<taxonomicName id="B19E4D7E2B48FFD0FBBE04C5F1D9FAB9" authority="Eigenmann, 1912" authorityName="Eigenmann" authorityYear="1912" box="[1097,1454,1272,1297]" family="Loricariidae" genus="Ancistrus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Siluriformes" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="lithurgicus">
<emphasis id="44EAEAEF2B48FFD0FBBE04C5F0A0FAB8" box="[1097,1239,1272,1296]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">A. lithurgicus</emphasis>
Eigenmann, 1912
</taxonomicName>
, 
<taxonomicName id="B19E4D7E2B48FFD0FE1F0522F05CFA9E" authority="Neuhaus, Britto, Birindelli &amp; Sousa, 2022" authorityName="Neuhaus, Britto, Birindelli &amp; Sousa" authorityYear="2022" box="[488,1067,1310,1334]" family="Loricariidae" genus="Ancistrus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Siluriformes" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="luzia">
<emphasis id="44EAEAEF2B48FFD0FE1F0522F636FA9E" box="[488,577,1310,1334]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">A. luzia</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="120F4B0C2B48FFD0FDBA0522F05CFA9E" author="Neuhaus EB &amp; Britto MR &amp; Birindelli JLO &amp; Sousa LM" box="[589,1067,1310,1334]" journalOrPublisher="Neotrop Ichthyol" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" pagination="210129" part="20" refId="ref11667" refString="• Neuhaus EB, Britto MR, Birindelli JLO, Sousa LM. A new species of Ancistrus (Siluriformes: Loricariidae) from Tapajos and Xingu basins, Brazil. Neotrop Ichthyol. 2022; 20 (1): e 210129. https: // doi. org / 10.1590 / 1982 - 0224 - 2021 - 0129" title="A new species of Ancistrus (Siluriformes: Loricariidae) from Tapajos and Xingu basins, Brazil" type="book" year="2022">Neuhaus, Britto, Birindelli &amp; Sousa, 2022</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
, 
<taxonomicName id="B19E4D7E2B48FFD0FBCF0522F7F7FAF3" authority="de Oliveira, Zuanon, Zawadzki &amp; Rapp Py-Daniel, 2015" authorityName="de Oliveira, Zuanon, Zawadzki &amp; Rapp Py-Daniel" authorityYear="2015" family="Loricariidae" genus="Ancistrus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Siluriformes" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="maximus">
<emphasis id="44EAEAEF2B48FFD0FBCF0522F0CBFA9E" box="[1080,1212,1310,1334]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">A. maximus</emphasis>
de Oliveira, Zuanon, Zawadzki &amp; Rapp Py-Daniel, 2015
</taxonomicName>
, 
<taxonomicName id="B19E4D7E2B48FFD0FC790578F1F9FAF3" authority="Bifi, Pavanelli &amp; Zawadzki, 2009" authorityName="Bifi, Pavanelli &amp; Zawadzki" authorityYear="2009" box="[910,1422,1347,1371]" family="Loricariidae" genus="Ancistrus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Siluriformes" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="mullerae">
<emphasis id="44EAEAEF2B48FFD0FC790578F07EFAF3" box="[910,1033,1347,1371]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">A. mullerae</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="120F4B0C2B48FFD0FBE5057FF1F9FAF3" author="Bifi AG &amp; Pavanelli CS &amp; Zawadzki CH" box="[1042,1422,1347,1371]" journalOrPublisher="Zootaxa." pageId="3" pageNumber="4" pagination="41 - 59" part="2275" refId="ref11297" refString="• Bifi AG, Pavanelli CS, Zawadzki CH. Three new species of Ancistrus Kner, 1854 (Siluriformes: Loricariidae) from the rio Iguacu basin, Parana State, Brazil. Zootaxa. 2009; 2275 (1): 41 - 59. https: // doi. org / 10.11646 / zootaxa. 2275.1.3" title="Three new species of Ancistrus Kner, 1854 (Siluriformes: Loricariidae) from the rio Iguacu basin, Parana State, Brazil" type="journal article" year="2009">Bifi, Pavanelli &amp; Zawadzki, 2009</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
, 
<taxonomicName id="B19E4D7E2B48FFD0FA6B0578F62DFA28" baseAuthorityName="Regan" baseAuthorityYear="1912" family="Loricariidae" genus="Ancistrus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Siluriformes" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="multispinis">
<emphasis id="44EAEAEF2B48FFD0FA6B0578F62DFA28" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">A. multispinis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, 
<taxonomicName id="B19E4D7E2B48FFD0FD9C0555F054FA29" authority="(Muller &amp; Troschel, 1849)" baseAuthorityName="Muller &amp; Troschel" baseAuthorityYear="1849" box="[619,1059,1384,1409]" family="Loricariidae" genus="Ancistrus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Siluriformes" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="nudiceps">
<emphasis id="44EAEAEF2B48FFD0FD9C0555F691FA28" box="[619,742,1384,1408]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">A. nudiceps</emphasis>
(Müller &amp; Troschel, 1849)
</taxonomicName>
, 
<taxonomicName id="B19E4D7E2B48FFD0FBC50555F6C3FA0E" authority="de Souza, Taphorn &amp; Armbruster, 2019" authorityName="de Souza, Taphorn &amp; Armbruster" authorityYear="2019" family="Loricariidae" genus="Ancistrus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Siluriformes" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="patronus">
<emphasis id="44EAEAEF2B48FFD0FBC50555F0D9FA28" box="[1074,1198,1385,1408]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">A. patronus</emphasis>
de Souza, Taphorn &amp; Armbruster, 2019
</taxonomicName>
, 
<taxonomicName id="B19E4D7E2B48FFD0FD3205B2F15FFA0E" authority="de Souza, Taphorn &amp; Armbruster, 2019" authorityName="de Souza, Taphorn &amp; Armbruster" authorityYear="2019" box="[709,1320,1422,1446]" family="Loricariidae" genus="Ancistrus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Siluriformes" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="saudades">
<emphasis id="44EAEAEF2B48FFD0FD3205B2F731FA0E" box="[709,838,1422,1446]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">A. saudades</emphasis>
de Souza, Taphorn &amp; Armbruster, 2019
</taxonomicName>
, 
<taxonomicName id="B19E4D7E2B48FFD0FACF05B2F1DBFA0E" authorityName="Miranda Ribeiro" authorityYear="1918" box="[1336,1452,1422,1446]" family="Loricariidae" genus="Ancistrus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Siluriformes" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="taunayi">
<emphasis id="44EAEAEF2B48FFD0FACF05B2F1DBFA0E" box="[1336,1452,1422,1446]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">A. taunayi</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, 
<taxonomicName id="B19E4D7E2B48FFD0FE1F0588F073FA63" authority="Eigenmann &amp; Eigenmann, 1889" authorityName="Eigenmann &amp; Eigenmann" authorityYear="1889" box="[488,1028,1459,1483]" family="Loricariidae" genus="Ancistrus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Siluriformes" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="stigmaticus">
<emphasis id="44EAEAEF2B48FFD0FE1F0588F609FA63" box="[488,638,1460,1483]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">A. stigmaticus</emphasis>
Eigenmann &amp; Eigenmann, 1889
</taxonomicName>
, 
<taxonomicName id="B19E4D7E2B48FFD0FBE30588F120FA63" authority="(Gunther, 1864)" baseAuthorityName="Gunther" baseAuthorityYear="1864" box="[1044,1367,1459,1483]" family="Loricariidae" genus="Ancistrus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Siluriformes" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="trinitatis">
<emphasis id="44EAEAEF2B48FFD0FBE30588F0F8FA63" box="[1044,1167,1460,1483]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">A. trinitatis</emphasis>
(Günther, 1864)
</taxonomicName>
, and 
<taxonomicName id="B19E4D7E2B48FFD0FA6D0588F065FA59" authority="de Souza, Taphorn &amp; Armbruster, 2019" authorityName="de Souza, Taphorn &amp; Armbruster" authorityYear="2019" family="Loricariidae" genus="Ancistrus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Siluriformes" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="yutajae">
<emphasis id="44EAEAEF2B48FFD0FA6D0588F643FA58" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">A. yutajae</emphasis>
de Souza, Taphorn &amp; Armbruster, 2019
</taxonomicName>
) by adult males – those with welldeveloped snout tentacles – having the pectoral-fin spine long, exceeding half length of the pelvic-fin leading ray (
<emphasis id="44EAEAEF2B48FFD0FCDA0618F735F993" box="[813,834,1572,1595]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">vs</emphasis>
. pectoral-fin spine short, not reaching half length of the pelvic-fin leading ray). It differs from those species (except 
<taxonomicName id="B19E4D7E2B48FFD0FB670675F088F9C8" authorityName="de Souza, Taphorn &amp; Armbruster" authorityYear="2019" box="[1168,1279,1609,1632]" family="Loricariidae" genus="Ancistrus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Siluriformes" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="yutajae">
<emphasis id="44EAEAEF2B48FFD0FB670675F088F9C8" box="[1168,1279,1609,1632]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">A. yutajae</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
), and including all congeners from 
<collectingRegion id="B45AF81F2B48FFD0FD350652F7E3F92E" box="[706,916,1646,1670]" country="Brazil" name="Rio Grande do Sul" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">Rio Grande do Sul</collectingRegion>
(
<taxonomicName id="B19E4D7E2B48FFD0FC550652F045F92E" box="[930,1074,1646,1670]" family="Loricariidae" genus="Ancistrus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Siluriformes" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="brevipinnis">
<emphasis id="44EAEAEF2B48FFD0FC550652F045F92E" box="[930,1074,1646,1670]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">A. brevipinnis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, 
<taxonomicName id="B19E4D7E2B48FFD0FBB70652F0A5F92E" baseAuthorityName="Regan" baseAuthorityYear="1912" box="[1088,1234,1646,1670]" family="Loricariidae" genus="Ancistrus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Siluriformes" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="multispinis">
<emphasis id="44EAEAEF2B48FFD0FBB70652F0A5F92E" box="[1088,1234,1646,1670]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">A. multispinis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, and 
<taxonomicName id="B19E4D7E2B48FFD0FAE60652F1F7F92E" authorityName="Miranda Ribeiro" authorityYear="1918" box="[1297,1408,1646,1670]" family="Loricariidae" genus="Ancistrus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Siluriformes" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="taunayi">
<emphasis id="44EAEAEF2B48FFD0FAE60652F1F7F92E" box="[1297,1408,1646,1670]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">A. taunayi</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
), by having dorsal and caudal fins plain dark brown to black, without lighter spots or bands (
<emphasis id="44EAEAEF2B48FFD0FE070685F672F978" box="[496,517,1721,1744]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">vs</emphasis>
. lighter spot or bands on dorsal and caudal fins), and differs from 
<taxonomicName id="B19E4D7E2B48FFD0FB050685F1F5F978" box="[1266,1410,1720,1744]" family="Loricariidae" genus="Ancistrus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Siluriformes" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="brevipinnis">
<emphasis id="44EAEAEF2B48FFD0FB050685F1F5F978" box="[1266,1410,1720,1744]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">A. brevipinnis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and 
<taxonomicName id="B19E4D7E2B48FFD0FE1F06E2F621F95E" authorityName="de Souza, Taphorn &amp; Armbruster" authorityYear="2019" box="[488,598,1758,1782]" family="Loricariidae" genus="Ancistrus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Siluriformes" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="yutajae">
<emphasis id="44EAEAEF2B48FFD0FE1F06E2F621F95E" box="[488,598,1758,1782]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">A. yutajae</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
by having a dark brown to black background body color (
<emphasis id="44EAEAEF2B48FFD0FAF206E3F16DF95E" box="[1285,1306,1759,1782]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">vs</emphasis>
. light brown body). Additionally, the new species is distinguished from 
<taxonomicName id="B19E4D7E2B48FFD0FB700738F080F8B3" authorityName="Miranda Ribeiro" authorityYear="1918" box="[1159,1271,1796,1819]" family="Loricariidae" genus="Ancistrus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Siluriformes" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="taunayi">
<emphasis id="44EAEAEF2B48FFD0FB700738F080F8B3" box="[1159,1271,1796,1819]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">A. taunayi</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
by having small white to yellow dots on dorsal surface (
<emphasis id="44EAEAEF2B48FFD0FC600715F7DBF8E8" box="[919,940,1833,1856]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">vs</emphasis>
. dorsal surface with light brown to pale yellow vermiculated spots). 
<taxonomicName id="B19E4D7E2B48FFD0FD240772F7B7F8CE" box="[723,960,1870,1894]" family="Loricariidae" genus="Ancistrus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Siluriformes" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="megacanthus">
<emphasis id="44EAEAEF2B48FFD0FD240772F7B7F8CE" box="[723,960,1870,1894]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">Ancistrus megacanthus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
is further distinguished from 
<taxonomicName id="B19E4D7E2B48FFD0FAEC0772F1FBF8CE" authorityName="Miranda Ribeiro" authorityYear="1918" box="[1307,1420,1870,1894]" family="Loricariidae" genus="Ancistrus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Siluriformes" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="taunayi">
<emphasis id="44EAEAEF2B48FFD0FAEC0772F1FBF8CE" box="[1307,1420,1870,1894]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">A. taunayi</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
by having four branched rays on the anal fin (
<emphasis id="44EAEAEF2B48FFD0FC310748F7ACF823" box="[966,987,1908,1931]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">vs</emphasis>
. three branched rays).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<caption id="22E166752B4FFFD7FE1F05ADF6FAFA58" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.11126943" ID-Zenodo-Dep="11126943" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/11126943/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="5" startId="4.[488,561,1425,1445]" targetBox="[507,1446,198,1371]" targetPageId="4" targetType="figure">
<paragraph id="762136FD2B4FFFD7FE1F05ADF6FAFA58" blockId="4.[487,1459,1425,1520]" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">
<emphasis id="44EAEAEF2B4FFFD7FE1F05ADF75CFA0D" bold="true" box="[488,811,1425,1445]" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">
FIGURE 1 | 
<taxonomicName id="B19E4D7E2B4FFFD7FD9605ADF75CFA0D" box="[609,811,1425,1445]" family="Loricariidae" genus="Ancistrus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Siluriformes" pageId="4" pageNumber="5" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="megacanthus">
<emphasis id="44EAEAEF2B4FFFD7FD9605ADF75CFA0D" bold="true" box="[609,811,1425,1445]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">Ancistrus megacanthus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
</emphasis>
, dorsal, lateral and ventral views of holotype, MCP 19582, male, 96.8 mm SL, Brazil, Rio Grande do Sul, São Gabriel, rio Vacacaí on road RS-630, tributary to rio Jacuí, laguna dos Patos system.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<subSubSection id="3E8465762B4FFFD4FDF10674F105FB6E" lastPageId="7" lastPageNumber="8" pageId="4" pageNumber="5" type="description">
<paragraph id="762136FD2B4FFFD6FDF10674F151FCF8" blockId="4.[487,1461,1608,1894]" lastBlockId="5.[486,1461,787,1931]" lastPageId="5" lastPageNumber="6" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">
<emphasis id="44EAEAEF2B4FFFD7FDF10674F6EBF9C8" bold="true" box="[518,668,1608,1632]" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">Description.</emphasis>
Morphometric data in 
<tableCitation id="3B1C03462B4FFFD7FC680674F79EF9C9" box="[927,1001,1608,1633]" captionStart="TABLE 1" captionStartId="6.[488,550,193,213]" captionTargetId="graphics-28@6.[488,1459,360,1706]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="TABLE 1 | Morphometric data of Ancistrus megacanthus. Holotype and 15 paratypes; ranges include holotype. SD = Standard deviation." httpUri="http://table.plazi.org/id/22E166752B4DFFD5FE1F00FDF75AFF53" pageId="4" pageNumber="5" tableUuid="22E166752B4DFFD5FE1F00FDF75AFF53">Tab. 1</tableCitation>
. Body and head depressed. Dorsal profile of body and head convex from tip of snout to dorsal-fin origin, slightly concave to straight from that point to origin of adipose fin, concave from end of adipose fin to origin of caudal fin. Ventral profile of body straight, body height begins to decrease at pelvic girdle. Body covered with bony plates except along dorsal-fin base and ventral surface between tip of snout and anal-fin origin. Median series with 22‒24(13, 23*) lateral plates; lateral-line canal complete and uninterrupted. Three* predorsal plates, seven* plates at base of dorsal fin, four* plates between dorsal and adipose fins and 8*(6), 7(5) or 6(2) plates between adipose fins and caudal fins. Fin rays and body plates covered by small, caudally directed odontodes in regular rows, larger on fin spines.
</paragraph>
<caption id="22E166752B4EFFD6FE1F02BDF710FD13" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.11126947" ID-Zenodo-Dep="11126947" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/11126947/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" startId="5.[488,561,641,661]" targetBox="[488,1459,199,619]" targetPageId="5" targetType="figure">
<paragraph id="762136FD2B4EFFD6FE1F02BDF710FD13" blockId="5.[488,1459,641,699]" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">
<emphasis id="44EAEAEF2B4EFFD6FE1F02BDF624FD3D" bold="true" box="[488,595,641,661]" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">FIGURE 2 |</emphasis>
Life color pattern of 
<taxonomicName id="B19E4D7E2B4EFFD6FCEE02BDF793FD3D" box="[793,996,641,661]" family="Loricariidae" genus="Ancistrus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Siluriformes" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="megacanthus">
<emphasis id="44EAEAEF2B4EFFD6FCEE02BDF793FD3D" bold="true" box="[793,996,641,661]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">Ancistrus megacanthus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
. Specimens not preserved. 
<taxonomicName id="B19E4D7E2B4EFFD6FB1302BDF1FEFD3D" authorityName="Carvalho, Lehmann A., Pereira &amp; Reis" authorityYear="2008" box="[1252,1417,641,661]" family="Loricariidae" genus="Hisonotus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Siluriformes" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="armatus">
<emphasis id="44EAEAEF2B4EFFD6FB1302BDF1FEFD3D" bold="true" box="[1252,1417,641,661]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">Hisonotus armatus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and 
<taxonomicName id="B19E4D7E2B4EFFD6FE1F029BF6A6FD13" authorityName="Cardoso &amp; Malabarba" authorityYear="1999" box="[488,721,679,699]" family="Loricariidae" genus="Hemiancistrus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Siluriformes" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="punctulatus">
<emphasis id="44EAEAEF2B4EFFD6FE1F029BF6A6FD13" bold="true" box="[488,721,679,699]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">Hemiancistrus punctulatus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
in background.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<paragraph id="762136FD2B4EFFD6FDF10362F6DCFA9E" blockId="5.[486,1461,787,1931]" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">
Snout rounded, with wide bare anterior margin, posteriorly limited by dermal plates of varying sizes. Cutaneous tentacles present on lateral, anterior and middorsal portions of snout of males, sometimes branched and forming “Y” pattern. In females, tentacles smaller and usually arranged in pairs on sides of snout. Eye large 13.4‒22.1% (17) of head length, located laterodorsally on head. Orbit delimited dorsally by sphenotic and frontal, anteriorly by prefrontal plate, ventrally by infraorbitals 
<collectionCode id="108FAE382B4EFFD6FAF10425F154FB98" box="[1286,1315,1049,1072]" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">IV</collectionCode>
and 
<collectionCode id="108FAE382B4EFFD6FA930425F10DFB98" box="[1380,1402,1049,1072]" country="Canada" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:13946" name="Royal British Columbia Museum - Herbarium" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" type="Museum">V</collectionCode>
, and posteriorly by infraorbital 
<collectionCode id="108FAE382B4EFFD6FCE20402F742FBFD" box="[789,821,1086,1109]" country="Norway" name="Mykotektet, National Veterinary Institute" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">VI</collectionCode>
. Naris located dorsally on head, with tubular expansion of skin, delimited dorsally by frontal, anteriorly by infraorbital II and III, laterally by prefrontal plate and nasal bone. Interorbital region slightly convex to flat. Exposed part of operculum almost always triangular, rounded anteriorly. Dermal plates of different sizes and shapes arranged in post-opercular area, contiguous to compound pterotic. Nine to 12(13) strong retractable odontodes with sickle-shaped claws at extremity in opercular region.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="762136FD2B4EFFD6FDF10578F156FA58" blockId="5.[486,1461,787,1931]" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">Lower lip not reaching anterior margin of pectoral girdle. Lower lip with papillae randomly distributed throughout surface. Maxillary barbel short and free. Short mandibulary ramus, 12.6‒19.6% (17) of head length; premaxillary tooth row of same length or slightly shorter. Teeth numerous, 38‒67(17) in premaxilla and 32‒68(13) in dentary, bicuspid, with reduced lateral cusp and larger, wider mesial cusp.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="762136FD2B4EFFD6FDF105C2F77DF95E" blockId="5.[486,1461,787,1931]" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">Dorsal-fin spine elongated, soft rays almost reaching or reaching to adipose-fin origin when depressed; pectoral-fin spine long, exceeding half-length of pelvic-fin unbranched ray on adult males; reaching first third of pelvic fin in females. Pelvic fin reaching middle of anal-fin length. Caudal fin truncated, with lower leading ray longer than upper. All branched fin rays doubly branched near apical end. Dorsal fin with II+7(17) rays; pectoral fin I+6(17) rays; pelvic fin i+5(17) rays; anal fin i+4(17) rays; caudal fin i+14+I(17) rays.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="762136FD2B4EFFD6FDF1073FF650F823" blockId="5.[486,1461,787,1931]" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">Sixth vertebral centrum (first after Weberian apparatus) with enlarged rib. Seventh vertebra without rib and supporting first dorsal-fin pterygiophore. Eight following vertebral centra with thin ribs and supporting dorsal-fin pterygiophores. Total vertebrae 28(1).</paragraph>
<caption id="22E166752B4DFFD5FE1F00FDF75AFF53" ID-Table-UUID="22E166752B4DFFD5FE1F00FDF75AFF53" httpUri="http://table.plazi.org/id/22E166752B4DFFD5FE1F00FDF75AFF53" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" startId="6.[488,550,193,213]" targetBox="[497,1416,291,1864]" targetIsTable="true" targetPageId="6" targetType="table">
<paragraph id="762136FD2B4DFFD5FE1F00FDF75AFF53" blockId="6.[488,1458,193,251]" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">
<emphasis id="44EAEAEF2B4DFFD5FE1F00FDF627FF7D" bold="true" box="[488,592,193,213]" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">TABLE 1 |</emphasis>
Morphometric data of 
<taxonomicName id="B19E4D7E2B4DFFD5FCCD00FDF070FF7D" box="[826,1031,193,213]" family="Loricariidae" genus="Ancistrus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Siluriformes" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="megacanthus">
<emphasis id="44EAEAEF2B4DFFD5FCCD00FDF070FF7D" bold="true" box="[826,1031,193,213]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">Ancistrus megacanthus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
. Holotype and 15 paratypes; ranges include holotype. SD = Standard deviation.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<paragraph id="762136FD2B4DFFD5FC660118F161F8EF" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">
<table id="049EC45D2B4D002CFE06011FF1FFF8E0" box="[497,1416,291,1864]" gridcols="6" gridrows="38" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">
<tr id="C8AE34BF2B4D002CFE06011FF1FFFE9D" box="[497,1416,291,309]" gridrow="0" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" rowspan-0="1">
<th id="8B7F5DC32B4D002CFC66011FF790FE9D" box="[913,999,291,309]" gridcol="1" gridrow="0" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">
<emphasis id="44EAEAEF2B4DFFD5FC660118F790FE9C" bold="true" box="[913,999,292,308]" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">Holotype</emphasis>
</th>
<th id="8B7F5DC32B4D002CFBEE011FF049FE9D" box="[1049,1086,291,309]" gridcol="2" gridrow="0" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">
<emphasis id="44EAEAEF2B4DFFD5FBEE011FF049FE9D" bold="true" box="[1049,1086,291,309]" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">Min</emphasis>
</th>
<th id="8B7F5DC32B4D002CFB76011FF0C2FE9D" box="[1153,1205,291,309]" gridcol="3" gridrow="0" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">
<emphasis id="44EAEAEF2B4DFFD5FB700118F0C7FE9C" bold="true" box="[1159,1200,292,308]" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">Max</emphasis>
</th>
<th id="8B7F5DC32B4D002CFB06011FF152FE9D" box="[1265,1317,291,309]" gridcol="4" gridrow="0" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">
<emphasis id="44EAEAEF2B4DFFD5FB060118F152FE9C" bold="true" box="[1265,1317,292,308]" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">Mean</emphasis>
</th>
<th id="8B7F5DC32B4D002CFA99011FF1FFFE9D" box="[1390,1416,291,309]" gridcol="5" gridrow="0" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">
<emphasis id="44EAEAEF2B4DFFD5FA99011FF1F0FE9D" bold="true" box="[1390,1415,291,309]" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">SD</emphasis>
</th>
</tr>
<tr id="C8AE34BF2B4D002CFE060172F1FFFEC8" box="[497,1416,334,352]" gridrow="1" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">
<th id="8B7F5DC32B4D002CFE060172F733FEC8" box="[497,836,334,352]" gridcol="0" gridrow="1" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">Standard length (mm)</th>
<td id="8B7F5DC32B4D002CFC660172F790FEC8" box="[913,999,334,352]" gridcol="1" gridrow="1" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">96.8</td>
<td id="8B7F5DC32B4D002CFBEE0172F049FEC8" box="[1049,1086,334,352]" gridcol="2" gridrow="1" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">39.4</td>
<td id="8B7F5DC32B4D002CFB760172F0C2FEC8" box="[1153,1205,334,352]" gridcol="3" gridrow="1" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">124.4</td>
<td id="8B7F5DC32B4D002CFB060172F152FEC8" box="[1265,1317,334,352]" gridcol="4" gridrow="1" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">88.4</td>
<td id="8B7F5DC32B4D002CFA990172F1FFFEC8" box="[1390,1416,334,352]" gridcol="5" gridrow="1" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">–</td>
</tr>
<tr id="C8AE34BF2B4D002CFE060144F1FFFE22" box="[497,1416,376,394]" gridrow="2" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">
<th id="8B7F5DC32B4D002CFE060144F1FFFE22" box="[497,1416,376,394]" colspan="6" colspanRight="5" gridcol="0" gridrow="2" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">
<emphasis id="44EAEAEF2B4DFFD5FE060144F69AFE20" bold="true" box="[497,749,376,394]" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">Percent of standard length</emphasis>
</th>
</tr>
<tr id="C8AE34BF2B4D002CFE06019EF1FFFE1C" box="[497,1416,418,436]" gridrow="3" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">
<th id="8B7F5DC32B4D002CFE06019EF733FE1C" box="[497,836,418,436]" gridcol="0" gridrow="3" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">Abdominal length</th>
<td id="8B7F5DC32B4D002CFC66019EF790FE1C" box="[913,999,418,436]" gridcol="1" gridrow="3" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">18.9</td>
<td id="8B7F5DC32B4D002CFBEE019EF049FE1C" box="[1049,1086,418,436]" gridcol="2" gridrow="3" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">17.3</td>
<td id="8B7F5DC32B4D002CFB76019EF0C2FE1C" box="[1153,1205,418,436]" gridcol="3" gridrow="3" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">20.6</td>
<td id="8B7F5DC32B4D002CFB06019EF152FE1C" box="[1265,1317,418,436]" gridcol="4" gridrow="3" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">18.9</td>
<td id="8B7F5DC32B4D002CFA99019EF1FFFE1C" box="[1390,1416,418,436]" gridcol="5" gridrow="3" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">0.9</td>
</tr>
<tr id="C8AE34BF2B4D002CFE0601F0F1FFFE76" box="[497,1416,460,478]" gridrow="4" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">
<th id="8B7F5DC32B4D002CFE0601F0F733FE76" box="[497,836,460,478]" gridcol="0" gridrow="4" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">Adipose fin to caudal fin distance</th>
<td id="8B7F5DC32B4D002CFC6601F0F790FE76" box="[913,999,460,478]" gridcol="1" gridrow="4" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">19.2</td>
<td id="8B7F5DC32B4D002CFBEE01F0F049FE76" box="[1049,1086,460,478]" gridcol="2" gridrow="4" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">16.1</td>
<td id="8B7F5DC32B4D002CFB7601F0F0C2FE76" box="[1153,1205,460,478]" gridcol="3" gridrow="4" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">21.1</td>
<td id="8B7F5DC32B4D002CFB0601F0F152FE76" box="[1265,1317,460,478]" gridcol="4" gridrow="4" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">18.9</td>
<td id="8B7F5DC32B4D002CFA9901F0F1FFFE76" box="[1390,1416,460,478]" gridcol="5" gridrow="4" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">1.6</td>
</tr>
<tr id="C8AE34BF2B4D002CFE0601CAF1FFFDA0" box="[497,1416,502,520]" gridrow="5" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">
<th id="8B7F5DC32B4D002CFE0601CAF733FDA0" box="[497,836,502,520]" gridcol="0" gridrow="5" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">Adipose-fin spine length</th>
<td id="8B7F5DC32B4D002CFC6601CAF790FDA0" box="[913,999,502,520]" gridcol="1" gridrow="5" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">9.8</td>
<td id="8B7F5DC32B4D002CFBEE01CAF049FDA0" box="[1049,1086,502,520]" gridcol="2" gridrow="5" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">7.3</td>
<td id="8B7F5DC32B4D002CFB7601CAF0C2FDA0" box="[1153,1205,502,520]" gridcol="3" gridrow="5" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">12.3</td>
<td id="8B7F5DC32B4D002CFB0601CAF152FDA0" box="[1265,1317,502,520]" gridcol="4" gridrow="5" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">10.1</td>
<td id="8B7F5DC32B4D002CFA9901CAF1FFFDA0" box="[1390,1416,502,520]" gridcol="5" gridrow="5" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">1.4</td>
</tr>
<tr id="C8AE34BF2B4D002CFE06021CF1FFFD9A" box="[497,1416,544,562]" gridrow="6" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">
<th id="8B7F5DC32B4D002CFE06021CF733FD9A" box="[497,836,544,562]" gridcol="0" gridrow="6" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">Anal fin to caudal fin distance</th>
<td id="8B7F5DC32B4D002CFC66021CF790FD9A" box="[913,999,544,562]" gridcol="1" gridrow="6" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">33.4</td>
<td id="8B7F5DC32B4D002CFBEE021CF049FD9A" box="[1049,1086,544,562]" gridcol="2" gridrow="6" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">29.5</td>
<td id="8B7F5DC32B4D002CFB76021CF0C2FD9A" box="[1153,1205,544,562]" gridcol="3" gridrow="6" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">35.9</td>
<td id="8B7F5DC32B4D002CFB06021CF152FD9A" box="[1265,1317,544,562]" gridcol="4" gridrow="6" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">33.1</td>
<td id="8B7F5DC32B4D002CFA99021CF1FFFD9A" box="[1390,1416,544,562]" gridcol="5" gridrow="6" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">1.8</td>
</tr>
<tr id="C8AE34BF2B4D002CFE060276F1FFFDF4" box="[497,1416,586,604]" gridrow="7" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">
<th id="8B7F5DC32B4D002CFE060276F733FDF4" box="[497,836,586,604]" gridcol="0" gridrow="7" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">Anal-fin unbranched ray length</th>
<td id="8B7F5DC32B4D002CFC660276F790FDF4" box="[913,999,586,604]" gridcol="1" gridrow="7" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">9.6</td>
<td id="8B7F5DC32B4D002CFBEE0276F049FDF4" box="[1049,1086,586,604]" gridcol="2" gridrow="7" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">7.4</td>
<td id="8B7F5DC32B4D002CFB760276F0C2FDF4" box="[1153,1205,586,604]" gridcol="3" gridrow="7" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">10.7</td>
<td id="8B7F5DC32B4D002CFB060276F152FDF4" box="[1265,1317,586,604]" gridcol="4" gridrow="7" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">9.0</td>
<td id="8B7F5DC32B4D002CFA990276F1FFFDF4" box="[1390,1416,586,604]" gridcol="5" gridrow="7" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">0.9</td>
</tr>
<tr id="C8AE34BF2B4D002CFE060248F1FFFD2E" box="[497,1416,628,646]" gridrow="8" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">
<th id="8B7F5DC32B4D002CFE060248F733FD2E" box="[497,836,628,646]" gridcol="0" gridrow="8" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">Body depth at dorsal-fin origin</th>
<td id="8B7F5DC32B4D002CFC660248F790FD2E" box="[913,999,628,646]" gridcol="1" gridrow="8" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">16.6</td>
<td id="8B7F5DC32B4D002CFBEE0248F049FD2E" box="[1049,1086,628,646]" gridcol="2" gridrow="8" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">14.0</td>
<td id="8B7F5DC32B4D002CFB760248F0C2FD2E" box="[1153,1205,628,646]" gridcol="3" gridrow="8" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">18.1</td>
<td id="8B7F5DC32B4D002CFB060248F152FD2E" box="[1265,1317,628,646]" gridcol="4" gridrow="8" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">16.4</td>
<td id="8B7F5DC32B4D002CFA990248F1FFFD2E" box="[1390,1416,628,646]" gridcol="5" gridrow="8" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">1.2</td>
</tr>
<tr id="C8AE34BF2B4D002CFE0602A2F1FFFD18" box="[497,1416,670,688]" gridrow="9" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">
<th id="8B7F5DC32B4D002CFE0602A2F733FD18" box="[497,836,670,688]" gridcol="0" gridrow="9" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">Body width at dorsal-fin origin</th>
<td id="8B7F5DC32B4D002CFC6602A2F790FD18" box="[913,999,670,688]" gridcol="1" gridrow="9" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">26.9</td>
<td id="8B7F5DC32B4D002CFBEE02A2F049FD18" box="[1049,1086,670,688]" gridcol="2" gridrow="9" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">26.3</td>
<td id="8B7F5DC32B4D002CFB7602A2F0C2FD18" box="[1153,1205,670,688]" gridcol="3" gridrow="9" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">30.1</td>
<td id="8B7F5DC32B4D002CFB0602A2F152FD18" box="[1265,1317,670,688]" gridcol="4" gridrow="9" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">28.2</td>
<td id="8B7F5DC32B4D002CFA9902A2F1FFFD18" box="[1390,1416,670,688]" gridcol="5" gridrow="9" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">1.0</td>
</tr>
<tr id="C8AE34BF2B4D002CFE0602F4F1FFFD72" box="[497,1416,712,730]" gridrow="10" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">
<th id="8B7F5DC32B4D002CFE0602F4F733FD72" box="[497,836,712,730]" gridcol="0" gridrow="10" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">Caudal peduncle depth</th>
<td id="8B7F5DC32B4D002CFC6602F4F790FD72" box="[913,999,712,730]" gridcol="1" gridrow="10" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">33.7</td>
<td id="8B7F5DC32B4D002CFBEE02F4F049FD72" box="[1049,1086,712,730]" gridcol="2" gridrow="10" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">29.1</td>
<td id="8B7F5DC32B4D002CFB7602F4F0C2FD72" box="[1153,1205,712,730]" gridcol="3" gridrow="10" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">35.0</td>
<td id="8B7F5DC32B4D002CFB0602F4F152FD72" box="[1265,1317,712,730]" gridcol="4" gridrow="10" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">31.9</td>
<td id="8B7F5DC32B4D002CFA9902F4F1FFFD72" box="[1390,1416,712,730]" gridcol="5" gridrow="10" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">1.6</td>
</tr>
<tr id="C8AE34BF2B4D002CFE0602CEF1FFFCAC" box="[497,1416,754,772]" gridrow="11" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">
<th id="8B7F5DC32B4D002CFE0602CEF733FCAC" box="[497,836,754,772]" gridcol="0" gridrow="11" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">Caudal peduncle length</th>
<td id="8B7F5DC32B4D002CFC6602CEF790FCAC" box="[913,999,754,772]" gridcol="1" gridrow="11" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">10.2</td>
<td id="8B7F5DC32B4D002CFBEE02CEF049FCAC" box="[1049,1086,754,772]" gridcol="2" gridrow="11" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">9.1</td>
<td id="8B7F5DC32B4D002CFB7602CEF0C2FCAC" box="[1153,1205,754,772]" gridcol="3" gridrow="11" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">11.6</td>
<td id="8B7F5DC32B4D002CFB0602CEF152FCAC" box="[1265,1317,754,772]" gridcol="4" gridrow="11" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">10.0</td>
<td id="8B7F5DC32B4D002CFA9902CEF1FFFCAC" box="[1390,1416,754,772]" gridcol="5" gridrow="11" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">0.6</td>
</tr>
<tr id="C8AE34BF2B4D002CFE060320F1FFFC86" box="[497,1416,796,814]" gridrow="12" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">
<th id="8B7F5DC32B4D002CFE060320F733FC86" box="[497,836,796,814]" gridcol="0" gridrow="12" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">Cleithral width</th>
<td id="8B7F5DC32B4D002CFC660320F790FC86" box="[913,999,796,814]" gridcol="1" gridrow="12" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">31.7</td>
<td id="8B7F5DC32B4D002CFBEE0320F049FC86" box="[1049,1086,796,814]" gridcol="2" gridrow="12" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">31.3</td>
<td id="8B7F5DC32B4D002CFB760320F0C2FC86" box="[1153,1205,796,814]" gridcol="3" gridrow="12" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">34.1</td>
<td id="8B7F5DC32B4D002CFB060320F152FC86" box="[1265,1317,796,814]" gridcol="4" gridrow="12" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">32.5</td>
<td id="8B7F5DC32B4D002CFA990320F1FFFC86" box="[1390,1416,796,814]" gridcol="5" gridrow="12" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">0.8</td>
</tr>
<tr id="C8AE34BF2B4D002CFE06037AF1FFFCF0" box="[497,1416,838,856]" gridrow="13" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">
<th id="8B7F5DC32B4D002CFE06037AF733FCF0" box="[497,836,838,856]" gridcol="0" gridrow="13" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">Dorsal fin to adipose fin distance</th>
<td id="8B7F5DC32B4D002CFC66037AF790FCF0" box="[913,999,838,856]" gridcol="1" gridrow="13" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">14.7</td>
<td id="8B7F5DC32B4D002CFBEE037AF049FCF0" box="[1049,1086,838,856]" gridcol="2" gridrow="13" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">10.7</td>
<td id="8B7F5DC32B4D002CFB76037AF0C2FCF0" box="[1153,1205,838,856]" gridcol="3" gridrow="13" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">15.9</td>
<td id="8B7F5DC32B4D002CFB06037AF152FCF0" box="[1265,1317,838,856]" gridcol="4" gridrow="13" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">13.7</td>
<td id="8B7F5DC32B4D002CFA99037AF1FFFCF0" box="[1390,1416,838,856]" gridcol="5" gridrow="13" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">1.5</td>
</tr>
<tr id="C8AE34BF2B4D002CFE06034CF1FFFC2A" box="[497,1416,880,898]" gridrow="14" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">
<th id="8B7F5DC32B4D002CFE06034CF733FC2A" box="[497,836,880,898]" gridcol="0" gridrow="14" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">Dorsal-fin base length</th>
<td id="8B7F5DC32B4D002CFC66034CF790FC2A" box="[913,999,880,898]" gridcol="1" gridrow="14" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">19.8</td>
<td id="8B7F5DC32B4D002CFBEE034CF049FC2A" box="[1049,1086,880,898]" gridcol="2" gridrow="14" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">18.3</td>
<td id="8B7F5DC32B4D002CFB76034CF0C2FC2A" box="[1153,1205,880,898]" gridcol="3" gridrow="14" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">23.1</td>
<td id="8B7F5DC32B4D002CFB06034CF152FC2A" box="[1265,1317,880,898]" gridcol="4" gridrow="14" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">20.7</td>
<td id="8B7F5DC32B4D002CFA99034CF1FFFC2A" box="[1390,1416,880,898]" gridcol="5" gridrow="14" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">1.3</td>
</tr>
<tr id="C8AE34BF2B4D002CFE0603A6F1FFFC04" box="[497,1416,922,940]" gridrow="15" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">
<th id="8B7F5DC32B4D002CFE0603A6F733FC04" box="[497,836,922,940]" gridcol="0" gridrow="15" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">Dorsal-fin spine length</th>
<td id="8B7F5DC32B4D002CFC6603A6F790FC04" box="[913,999,922,940]" gridcol="1" gridrow="15" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">23.5</td>
<td id="8B7F5DC32B4D002CFBEE03A6F049FC04" box="[1049,1086,922,940]" gridcol="2" gridrow="15" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">21.7</td>
<td id="8B7F5DC32B4D002CFB7603A6F0C2FC04" box="[1153,1205,922,940]" gridcol="3" gridrow="15" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">29.7</td>
<td id="8B7F5DC32B4D002CFB0603A6F152FC04" box="[1265,1317,922,940]" gridcol="4" gridrow="15" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">24.3</td>
<td id="8B7F5DC32B4D002CFA9903A6F1FFFC04" box="[1390,1416,922,940]" gridcol="5" gridrow="15" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">2.0</td>
</tr>
<tr id="C8AE34BF2B4D002CFE0603F8F1FFFC7E" box="[497,1416,964,982]" gridrow="16" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">
<th id="8B7F5DC32B4D002CFE0603F8F733FC7E" box="[497,836,964,982]" gridcol="0" gridrow="16" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">Head length</th>
<td id="8B7F5DC32B4D002CFC6603F8F790FC7E" box="[913,999,964,982]" gridcol="1" gridrow="16" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">34.4</td>
<td id="8B7F5DC32B4D002CFBEE03F8F049FC7E" box="[1049,1086,964,982]" gridcol="2" gridrow="16" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">31.9</td>
<td id="8B7F5DC32B4D002CFB7603F8F0C2FC7E" box="[1153,1205,964,982]" gridcol="3" gridrow="16" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">35.9</td>
<td id="8B7F5DC32B4D002CFB0603F8F152FC7E" box="[1265,1317,964,982]" gridcol="4" gridrow="16" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">33.9</td>
<td id="8B7F5DC32B4D002CFA9903F8F1FFFC7E" box="[1390,1416,964,982]" gridcol="5" gridrow="16" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">1.2</td>
</tr>
<tr id="C8AE34BF2B4D002CFE0603D2F1FFFBA8" box="[497,1416,1006,1024]" gridrow="17" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">
<th id="8B7F5DC32B4D002CFE0603D2F733FBA8" box="[497,836,1006,1024]" gridcol="0" gridrow="17" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">Interbranchial distance</th>
<td id="8B7F5DC32B4D002CFC6603D2F790FBA8" box="[913,999,1006,1024]" gridcol="1" gridrow="17" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">17.3</td>
<td id="8B7F5DC32B4D002CFBEE03D2F049FBA8" box="[1049,1086,1006,1024]" gridcol="2" gridrow="17" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">16.5</td>
<td id="8B7F5DC32B4D002CFB7603D2F0C2FBA8" box="[1153,1205,1006,1024]" gridcol="3" gridrow="17" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">18.2</td>
<td id="8B7F5DC32B4D002CFB0603D2F152FBA8" box="[1265,1317,1006,1024]" gridcol="4" gridrow="17" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">17.2</td>
<td id="8B7F5DC32B4D002CFA9903D2F1FFFBA8" box="[1390,1416,1006,1024]" gridcol="5" gridrow="17" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">0.5</td>
</tr>
<tr id="C8AE34BF2B4D002CFE060424F1FFFB82" box="[497,1416,1048,1066]" gridrow="18" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">
<th id="8B7F5DC32B4D002CFE060424F733FB82" box="[497,836,1048,1066]" gridcol="0" gridrow="18" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">Lower caudal-fin ray length</th>
<td id="8B7F5DC32B4D002CFC660424F790FB82" box="[913,999,1048,1066]" gridcol="1" gridrow="18" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">25.9</td>
<td id="8B7F5DC32B4D002CFBEE0424F049FB82" box="[1049,1086,1048,1066]" gridcol="2" gridrow="18" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">23.1</td>
<td id="8B7F5DC32B4D002CFB760424F0C2FB82" box="[1153,1205,1048,1066]" gridcol="3" gridrow="18" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">30.9</td>
<td id="8B7F5DC32B4D002CFB060424F152FB82" box="[1265,1317,1048,1066]" gridcol="4" gridrow="18" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">25.5</td>
<td id="8B7F5DC32B4D002CFA990424F1FFFB82" box="[1390,1416,1048,1066]" gridcol="5" gridrow="18" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">1.9</td>
</tr>
<tr id="C8AE34BF2B4D002CFE06047EF1FFFBFC" box="[497,1416,1090,1108]" gridrow="19" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">
<th id="8B7F5DC32B4D002CFE06047EF733FBFC" box="[497,836,1090,1108]" gridcol="0" gridrow="19" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">Pectoral-fin spine length</th>
<td id="8B7F5DC32B4D002CFC66047EF790FBFC" box="[913,999,1090,1108]" gridcol="1" gridrow="19" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">34.4</td>
<td id="8B7F5DC32B4D002CFBEE047EF049FBFC" box="[1049,1086,1090,1108]" gridcol="2" gridrow="19" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">29.0</td>
<td id="8B7F5DC32B4D002CFB76047EF0C2FBFC" box="[1153,1205,1090,1108]" gridcol="3" gridrow="19" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">36.4</td>
<td id="8B7F5DC32B4D002CFB06047EF152FBFC" box="[1265,1317,1090,1108]" gridcol="4" gridrow="19" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">32.9</td>
<td id="8B7F5DC32B4D002CFA99047EF1FFFBFC" box="[1390,1416,1090,1108]" gridcol="5" gridrow="19" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">2.3</td>
</tr>
<tr id="C8AE34BF2B4D002CFE060450F1FFFBD6" box="[497,1416,1132,1150]" gridrow="20" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">
<th id="8B7F5DC32B4D002CFE060450F733FBD6" box="[497,836,1132,1150]" gridcol="0" gridrow="20" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">Pectoral fin to pelvic fin distance</th>
<td id="8B7F5DC32B4D002CFC660450F790FBD6" box="[913,999,1132,1150]" gridcol="1" gridrow="20" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">23.1</td>
<td id="8B7F5DC32B4D002CFBEE0450F049FBD6" box="[1049,1086,1132,1150]" gridcol="2" gridrow="20" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">21.7</td>
<td id="8B7F5DC32B4D002CFB760450F0C2FBD6" box="[1153,1205,1132,1150]" gridcol="3" gridrow="20" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">24.3</td>
<td id="8B7F5DC32B4D002CFB060450F152FBD6" box="[1265,1317,1132,1150]" gridcol="4" gridrow="20" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">23.0</td>
<td id="8B7F5DC32B4D002CFA990450F1FFFBD6" box="[1390,1416,1132,1150]" gridcol="5" gridrow="20" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">1.0</td>
</tr>
<tr id="C8AE34BF2B4D002CFE0604AAF1FFFB00" box="[497,1416,1174,1192]" gridrow="21" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">
<th id="8B7F5DC32B4D002CFE0604AAF733FB00" box="[497,836,1174,1192]" gridcol="0" gridrow="21" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">Pelvic-fin unbranched ray length</th>
<td id="8B7F5DC32B4D002CFC6604AAF790FB00" box="[913,999,1174,1192]" gridcol="1" gridrow="21" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">23.7</td>
<td id="8B7F5DC32B4D002CFBEE04AAF049FB00" box="[1049,1086,1174,1192]" gridcol="2" gridrow="21" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">19.1</td>
<td id="8B7F5DC32B4D002CFB7604AAF0C2FB00" box="[1153,1205,1174,1192]" gridcol="3" gridrow="21" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">24.4</td>
<td id="8B7F5DC32B4D002CFB0604AAF152FB00" box="[1265,1317,1174,1192]" gridcol="4" gridrow="21" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">22.0</td>
<td id="8B7F5DC32B4D002CFA9904AAF1FFFB00" box="[1390,1416,1174,1192]" gridcol="5" gridrow="21" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">1.7</td>
</tr>
<tr id="C8AE34BF2B4D002CFE0604FCF1FFFB7A" box="[497,1416,1216,1234]" gridrow="22" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">
<th id="8B7F5DC32B4D002CFE0604FCF733FB7A" box="[497,836,1216,1234]" gridcol="0" gridrow="22" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">Predorsal length</th>
<td id="8B7F5DC32B4D002CFC6604FCF790FB7A" box="[913,999,1216,1234]" gridcol="1" gridrow="22" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">44.5</td>
<td id="8B7F5DC32B4D002CFBEE04FCF049FB7A" box="[1049,1086,1216,1234]" gridcol="2" gridrow="22" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">42.3</td>
<td id="8B7F5DC32B4D002CFB7604FCF0C2FB7A" box="[1153,1205,1216,1234]" gridcol="3" gridrow="22" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">47.9</td>
<td id="8B7F5DC32B4D002CFB0604FCF152FB7A" box="[1265,1317,1216,1234]" gridcol="4" gridrow="22" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">44.4</td>
<td id="8B7F5DC32B4D002CFA9904FCF1FFFB7A" box="[1390,1416,1216,1234]" gridcol="5" gridrow="22" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">1.5</td>
</tr>
<tr id="C8AE34BF2B4D002CFE0604D6F1FFFB54" box="[497,1416,1258,1276]" gridrow="23" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">
<th id="8B7F5DC32B4D002CFE0604D6F733FB54" box="[497,836,1258,1276]" gridcol="0" gridrow="23" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">Supracleithral width</th>
<td id="8B7F5DC32B4D002CFC6604D6F790FB54" box="[913,999,1258,1276]" gridcol="1" gridrow="23" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">26.7</td>
<td id="8B7F5DC32B4D002CFBEE04D6F049FB54" box="[1049,1086,1258,1276]" gridcol="2" gridrow="23" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">26.2</td>
<td id="8B7F5DC32B4D002CFB7604D6F0C2FB54" box="[1153,1205,1258,1276]" gridcol="3" gridrow="23" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">31.3</td>
<td id="8B7F5DC32B4D002CFB0604D6F152FB54" box="[1265,1317,1258,1276]" gridcol="4" gridrow="23" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">28.0</td>
<td id="8B7F5DC32B4D002CFA9904D6F1FFFB54" box="[1390,1416,1258,1276]" gridcol="5" gridrow="23" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">1.4</td>
</tr>
<tr id="C8AE34BF2B4D002CFE060528F1FFFA8E" box="[497,1416,1300,1318]" gridrow="24" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">
<th id="8B7F5DC32B4D002CFE060528F733FA8E" box="[497,836,1300,1318]" gridcol="0" gridrow="24" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">Upper caudal fin ray length</th>
<td id="8B7F5DC32B4D002CFC660528F790FA8E" box="[913,999,1300,1318]" gridcol="1" gridrow="24" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">22.8</td>
<td id="8B7F5DC32B4D002CFBEE0528F049FA8E" box="[1049,1086,1300,1318]" gridcol="2" gridrow="24" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">19.3</td>
<td id="8B7F5DC32B4D002CFB760528F0C2FA8E" box="[1153,1205,1300,1318]" gridcol="3" gridrow="24" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">25.0</td>
<td id="8B7F5DC32B4D002CFB060528F152FA8E" box="[1265,1317,1300,1318]" gridcol="4" gridrow="24" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">22.0</td>
<td id="8B7F5DC32B4D002CFA990528F1FFFA8E" box="[1390,1416,1300,1318]" gridcol="5" gridrow="24" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">2.0</td>
</tr>
<tr id="C8AE34BF2B4D002CFE060502F1FFFAF8" box="[497,1416,1342,1360]" gridrow="25" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">
<th id="8B7F5DC32B4D002CFE060502F1FFFAF8" box="[497,1416,1342,1360]" colspan="6" colspanRight="5" gridcol="0" gridrow="25" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">
<emphasis id="44EAEAEF2B4DFFD5FE060502F6B1FAE6" bold="true" box="[497,710,1342,1360]" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">Percent of head length</emphasis>
</th>
</tr>
<tr id="C8AE34BF2B4D002CFE060554F1FFFAD2" box="[497,1416,1384,1402]" gridrow="26" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">
<th id="8B7F5DC32B4D002CFE060554F733FAD2" box="[497,836,1384,1402]" gridcol="0" gridrow="26" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">Head depth at opercle</th>
<td id="8B7F5DC32B4D002CFC660554F790FAD2" box="[913,999,1384,1402]" gridcol="1" gridrow="26" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">43.8</td>
<td id="8B7F5DC32B4D002CFBEE0554F049FAD2" box="[1049,1086,1384,1402]" gridcol="2" gridrow="26" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">41.3</td>
<td id="8B7F5DC32B4D002CFB760554F0C2FAD2" box="[1153,1205,1384,1402]" gridcol="3" gridrow="26" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">52.5</td>
<td id="8B7F5DC32B4D002CFB060554F152FAD2" box="[1265,1317,1384,1402]" gridcol="4" gridrow="26" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">46.3</td>
<td id="8B7F5DC32B4D002CFA990554F1FFFAD2" box="[1390,1416,1384,1402]" gridcol="5" gridrow="26" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">3.1</td>
</tr>
<tr id="C8AE34BF2B4D002CFE0605AEF1FFFA0C" box="[497,1416,1426,1444]" gridrow="27" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">
<th id="8B7F5DC32B4D002CFE0605AEF733FA0C" box="[497,836,1426,1444]" gridcol="0" gridrow="27" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">Internostril distance</th>
<td id="8B7F5DC32B4D002CFC6605AEF790FA0C" box="[913,999,1426,1444]" gridcol="1" gridrow="27" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">17.9</td>
<td id="8B7F5DC32B4D002CFBEE05AEF049FA0C" box="[1049,1086,1426,1444]" gridcol="2" gridrow="27" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">17.5</td>
<td id="8B7F5DC32B4D002CFB7605AEF0C2FA0C" box="[1153,1205,1426,1444]" gridcol="3" gridrow="27" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">21.9</td>
<td id="8B7F5DC32B4D002CFB0605AEF152FA0C" box="[1265,1317,1426,1444]" gridcol="4" gridrow="27" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">19.5</td>
<td id="8B7F5DC32B4D002CFA9905AEF1FFFA0C" box="[1390,1416,1426,1444]" gridcol="5" gridrow="27" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">1.4</td>
</tr>
<tr id="C8AE34BF2B4D002CFE060580F1FFFA66" box="[497,1416,1468,1486]" gridrow="28" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">
<th id="8B7F5DC32B4D002CFE060580F733FA66" box="[497,836,1468,1486]" gridcol="0" gridrow="28" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">Interorbital distance</th>
<td id="8B7F5DC32B4D002CFC660580F790FA66" box="[913,999,1468,1486]" gridcol="1" gridrow="28" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">38.2</td>
<td id="8B7F5DC32B4D002CFBEE0580F049FA66" box="[1049,1086,1468,1486]" gridcol="2" gridrow="28" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">37.6</td>
<td id="8B7F5DC32B4D002CFB760580F0C2FA66" box="[1153,1205,1468,1486]" gridcol="3" gridrow="28" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">47.7</td>
<td id="8B7F5DC32B4D002CFB060580F152FA66" box="[1265,1317,1468,1486]" gridcol="4" gridrow="28" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">41.3</td>
<td id="8B7F5DC32B4D002CFA990580F1FFFA66" box="[1390,1416,1468,1486]" gridcol="5" gridrow="28" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">3.1</td>
</tr>
<tr id="C8AE34BF2B4D002CFE0605DAF1FFFA50" box="[497,1416,1510,1528]" gridrow="29" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">
<th id="8B7F5DC32B4D002CFE0605DAF733FA50" box="[497,836,1510,1528]" gridcol="0" gridrow="29" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">Mandibulary ramus</th>
<td id="8B7F5DC32B4D002CFC6605DAF790FA50" box="[913,999,1510,1528]" gridcol="1" gridrow="29" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">15.5</td>
<td id="8B7F5DC32B4D002CFBEE05DAF049FA50" box="[1049,1086,1510,1528]" gridcol="2" gridrow="29" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">12.6</td>
<td id="8B7F5DC32B4D002CFB7605DAF0C2FA50" box="[1153,1205,1510,1528]" gridcol="3" gridrow="29" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">19.6</td>
<td id="8B7F5DC32B4D002CFB0605DAF152FA50" box="[1265,1317,1510,1528]" gridcol="4" gridrow="29" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">17.0</td>
<td id="8B7F5DC32B4D002CFA9905DAF1FFFA50" box="[1390,1416,1510,1528]" gridcol="5" gridrow="29" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">1.7</td>
</tr>
<tr id="C8AE34BF2B4D002CFE06062CF1FFF98A" box="[497,1416,1552,1570]" gridrow="30" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">
<th id="8B7F5DC32B4D002CFE06062CF733F98A" box="[497,836,1552,1570]" gridcol="0" gridrow="30" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">Snout tip to ventral branchial opening</th>
<td id="8B7F5DC32B4D002CFC66062CF790F98A" box="[913,999,1552,1570]" gridcol="1" gridrow="30" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">66.9</td>
<td id="8B7F5DC32B4D002CFBEE062CF049F98A" box="[1049,1086,1552,1570]" gridcol="2" gridrow="30" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">62.1</td>
<td id="8B7F5DC32B4D002CFB76062CF0C2F98A" box="[1153,1205,1552,1570]" gridcol="3" gridrow="30" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">72.5</td>
<td id="8B7F5DC32B4D002CFB06062CF152F98A" box="[1265,1317,1552,1570]" gridcol="4" gridrow="30" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">67.4</td>
<td id="8B7F5DC32B4D002CFA99062CF1FFF98A" box="[1390,1416,1552,1570]" gridcol="5" gridrow="30" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">2.9</td>
</tr>
<tr id="C8AE34BF2B4D002CFE060606F1FFF9E4" box="[497,1416,1594,1612]" gridrow="31" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">
<th id="8B7F5DC32B4D002CFE060606F733F9E4" box="[497,836,1594,1612]" gridcol="0" gridrow="31" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">Orbital diameter</th>
<td id="8B7F5DC32B4D002CFC660606F790F9E4" box="[913,999,1594,1612]" gridcol="1" gridrow="31" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">16.2</td>
<td id="8B7F5DC32B4D002CFBEE0606F049F9E4" box="[1049,1086,1594,1612]" gridcol="2" gridrow="31" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">13.4</td>
<td id="8B7F5DC32B4D002CFB760606F0C2F9E4" box="[1153,1205,1594,1612]" gridcol="3" gridrow="31" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">22.1</td>
<td id="8B7F5DC32B4D002CFB060606F152F9E4" box="[1265,1317,1594,1612]" gridcol="4" gridrow="31" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">16.8</td>
<td id="8B7F5DC32B4D002CFA990606F1FFF9E4" box="[1390,1416,1594,1612]" gridcol="5" gridrow="31" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">2.5</td>
</tr>
<tr id="C8AE34BF2B4D002CFE060658F1FFF9DE" box="[497,1416,1636,1654]" gridrow="32" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">
<th id="8B7F5DC32B4D002CFE060658F733F9DE" box="[497,836,1636,1654]" gridcol="0" gridrow="32" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">Snout length</th>
<td id="8B7F5DC32B4D002CFC660658F790F9DE" box="[913,999,1636,1654]" gridcol="1" gridrow="32" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">62.1</td>
<td id="8B7F5DC32B4D002CFBEE0658F049F9DE" box="[1049,1086,1636,1654]" gridcol="2" gridrow="32" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">43.9</td>
<td id="8B7F5DC32B4D002CFB760658F0C2F9DE" box="[1153,1205,1636,1654]" gridcol="3" gridrow="32" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">62.2</td>
<td id="8B7F5DC32B4D002CFB060658F152F9DE" box="[1265,1317,1636,1654]" gridcol="4" gridrow="32" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">59.5</td>
<td id="8B7F5DC32B4D002CFA990658F1FFF9DE" box="[1390,1416,1636,1654]" gridcol="5" gridrow="32" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">4.6</td>
</tr>
<tr id="C8AE34BF2B4D002CFE0606B2F1FFF908" box="[497,1416,1678,1696]" gridrow="33" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" rowspan-1="1" rowspan-2="1" rowspan-4="1" rowspan-5="1">
<th id="8B7F5DC32B4D002CFE0606B2F733F908" box="[497,836,1678,1696]" gridcol="0" gridrow="33" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">
<emphasis id="44EAEAEF2B4DFFD5FE0606B2F65EF908" bold="true" box="[497,553,1678,1696]" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">Count</emphasis>
</th>
<td id="8B7F5DC32B4D002CFB7606B2F0C2F908" box="[1153,1205,1678,1696]" gridcol="3" gridrow="33" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">
<emphasis id="44EAEAEF2B4DFFD5FB7606B2F0C2F936" bold="true" box="[1153,1205,1678,1694]" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">Mode</emphasis>
</td>
</tr>
<tr id="C8AE34BF2B4D002CFE060684F1FFF962" box="[497,1416,1720,1738]" gridrow="34" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" rowspan-5="1">
<th id="8B7F5DC32B4D002CFE060684F733F962" box="[497,836,1720,1738]" gridcol="0" gridrow="34" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">Premaxillary teeth</th>
<td id="8B7F5DC32B4D002CFC660684F790F962" box="[913,999,1720,1738]" gridcol="1" gridrow="34" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">54</td>
<td id="8B7F5DC32B4D002CFBEE0684F049F962" box="[1049,1086,1720,1738]" gridcol="2" gridrow="34" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">38</td>
<td id="8B7F5DC32B4D002CFB760684F0C2F962" box="[1153,1205,1720,1738]" gridcol="3" gridrow="34" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">67</td>
<td id="8B7F5DC32B4D002CFB060684F152F962" box="[1265,1317,1720,1738]" gridcol="4" gridrow="34" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">43</td>
</tr>
<tr id="C8AE34BF2B4D002CFE0606DEF1FFF95C" box="[497,1416,1762,1780]" gridrow="35" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" rowspan-5="1">
<th id="8B7F5DC32B4D002CFE0606DEF733F95C" box="[497,836,1762,1780]" gridcol="0" gridrow="35" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">Dentary teeth</th>
<td id="8B7F5DC32B4D002CFC6606DEF790F95C" box="[913,999,1762,1780]" gridcol="1" gridrow="35" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">64</td>
<td id="8B7F5DC32B4D002CFBEE06DEF049F95C" box="[1049,1086,1762,1780]" gridcol="2" gridrow="35" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">32</td>
<td id="8B7F5DC32B4D002CFB7606DEF0C2F95C" box="[1153,1205,1762,1780]" gridcol="3" gridrow="35" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">68</td>
<td id="8B7F5DC32B4D002CFB0606DEF152F95C" box="[1265,1317,1762,1780]" gridcol="4" gridrow="35" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">54</td>
</tr>
<tr id="C8AE34BF2B4D002CFE060730F1FFF8B6" box="[497,1416,1804,1822]" gridrow="36" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" rowspan-5="1">
<th id="8B7F5DC32B4D002CFE060730F733F8B6" box="[497,836,1804,1822]" gridcol="0" gridrow="36" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">Plates in dorsal lateral series</th>
<td id="8B7F5DC32B4D002CFC660730F790F8B6" box="[913,999,1804,1822]" gridcol="1" gridrow="36" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">21</td>
<td id="8B7F5DC32B4D002CFBEE0730F049F8B6" box="[1049,1086,1804,1822]" gridcol="2" gridrow="36" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">20</td>
<td id="8B7F5DC32B4D002CFB760730F0C2F8B6" box="[1153,1205,1804,1822]" gridcol="3" gridrow="36" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">22</td>
<td id="8B7F5DC32B4D002CFB060730F152F8B6" box="[1265,1317,1804,1822]" gridcol="4" gridrow="36" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">22</td>
</tr>
<tr id="C8AE34BF2B4D002CFE06070AF1FFF8E0" box="[497,1416,1846,1864]" gridrow="37" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" rowspan-5="1">
<th id="8B7F5DC32B4D002CFE06070AF733F8E0" box="[497,836,1846,1864]" gridcol="0" gridrow="37" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">Plates in median lateral series</th>
<td id="8B7F5DC32B4D002CFC66070AF790F8E0" box="[913,999,1846,1864]" gridcol="1" gridrow="37" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">23</td>
<td id="8B7F5DC32B4D002CFBEE070AF049F8E0" box="[1049,1086,1846,1864]" gridcol="2" gridrow="37" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">22</td>
<td id="8B7F5DC32B4D002CFB76070AF0C2F8E0" box="[1153,1205,1846,1864]" gridcol="3" gridrow="37" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">24</td>
<td id="8B7F5DC32B4D002CFB06070AF152F8E0" box="[1265,1317,1846,1864]" gridcol="4" gridrow="37" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">24</td>
</tr>
</table>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="762136FD2B4CFFD4FDF10082F73FFE73" blockId="7.[487,1461,190,475]" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">
<emphasis id="44EAEAEF2B4CFFD4FDF10082F76EFF7E" bold="true" box="[518,793,190,214]" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">Coloration in alcohol.</emphasis>
Dorsal and ventral region of body dark brown to black. Well-defined white to yellowish white dots, usually smaller than pupil diameter, on dorsal and lateral region of body, sometimes in ventral region, usually not visible in poorly preserved specimens. Slightly lighter brown bar on terminus of caudal peduncle. Rays and interradial membranes of paired fins with dark coloration similar to body and no or inconspicuous light dots. Dorsal, adipose and caudal fins plain dark brown to black. Upper and lower tip of caudal-fin leading rays and outer branched rays with small light termination (
<figureCitation id="EEA52A782B4CFFD4FD0001FFF74FFE73" box="[759,824,451,475]" captionStart="FIGURE 1" captionStartId="4.[488,561,1425,1445]" captionTargetBox="[507,1446,198,1371]" captionTargetId="figure-65@4.[488,1459,173,1402]" captionTargetPageId="4" captionText="FIGURE 1 | Ancistrus megacanthus, dorsal, lateral and ventral views of holotype, MCP 19582, male, 96.8 mm SL, Brazil, Rio Grande do Sul, São Gabriel, rio Vacacaí on road RS-630, tributary to rio Jacuí, laguna dos Patos system." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.11126943" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/11126943/files/figure.png" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">Fig. 1</figureCitation>
).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="762136FD2B4CFFD4FDF10232F162FD13" blockId="7.[487,1459,526,700]" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">
<emphasis id="44EAEAEF2B4CFFD4FDF10232F6A9FD8E" bold="true" box="[518,734,526,550]" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">Coloration in life.</emphasis>
Body dark brown to black with pale yellow dots, usually smaller than pupil diameter, along body; paired fins with yellow dots, dorsal fin with few inconspicuous light dots on unbranched ray, adipose and caudal fins unmarked. Lighter brown bar on terminus of caudal peduncle. Tip of upper and lower leading rays and outer branched rays of caudal fin with conspicuous yellow spots (
<figureCitation id="EEA52A782B4CFFD4FB32029FF17FFD13" box="[1221,1288,675,699]" captionStart="FIGURE 2" captionStartId="5.[488,561,641,661]" captionTargetBox="[488,1459,199,619]" captionTargetId="figure-40@5.[488,1459,199,619]" captionTargetPageId="5" captionText="FIGURE 2 | Life color pattern of Ancistrus megacanthus. Specimens not preserved. Hisonotus armatus and Hemiancistrus punctulatus in background." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.11126947" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/11126947/files/figure.png" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">Fig. 2</figureCitation>
).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="762136FD2B4CFFD4FDF102D2F08BFCF8" blockId="7.[488,1459,750,849]" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">
<emphasis id="44EAEAEF2B4CFFD4FDF102D2F68DFCAE" bold="true" box="[518,762,750,774]" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">Sexual dimorphism.</emphasis>
Adult males have more numerous and larger snout tentacle than females and larger pectoral-fin spines, usually exceeding half-length of the pelvic-fin unbranched ray and reaching the first third of pelvic fin in females.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="762136FD2B4CFFD4FDF103BFF636FC4E" blockId="7.[488,1460,899,998]" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">
<emphasis id="44EAEAEF2B4CFFD4FDF103BFF73FFC33" bold="true" box="[518,840,899,923]" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">Geographical distribution.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="B19E4D7E2B4CFFD4FCB803B8F04CFC33" box="[847,1083,899,923]" family="Loricariidae" genus="Ancistrus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Siluriformes" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="megacanthus">
<emphasis id="44EAEAEF2B4CFFD4FCB803B8F04CFC33" box="[847,1083,899,923]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">Ancistrus megacanthus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
is known from three localities in the rio Vacacaí sub-basin of the rio Jacuí basin, laguna dos Patos hydrographic system (
<figureCitation id="EEA52A782B4CFFD4FE0603F2F643FC4E" box="[497,564,974,998]" captionStart="FIGURE 3" captionStartId="8.[488,561,977,997]" captionTargetBox="[488,1440,181,934]" captionTargetId="figure-26@8.[488,1459,180,954]" captionTargetPageId="8" captionText="FIGURE 3 | Distribution of Ancistrus species in northern laguna dos Patos system.Ancistrus aff.brevipinnis (yellow), A. brevipinnis (turquoise), and A. megacanthus (red). T = type-locality." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.11126949" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/11126949/files/figure.png" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">Fig. 3</figureCitation>
).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="762136FD2B4CFFD4FDF10424F105FB6E" blockId="7.[487,1460,1048,1222]" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">
<emphasis id="44EAEAEF2B4CFFD4FDF10424F6A5FB99" bold="true" box="[518,722,1048,1073]" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">Ecological notes.</emphasis>
The new species occurs in creeks at altitudes close to 
<quantity id="B1669B182B4CFFD4FAD20425F11CFB98" box="[1317,1387,1049,1073]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.0" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" unit="m" value="100.0">100 m</quantity>
above sea level, with swift waters and rocky to gravelly bottom (
<figureCitation id="EEA52A782B4CFFD4FB810402F0CCFBFE" box="[1142,1211,1086,1110]" captionStart="FIGURE 4" captionStartId="8.[488,561,1836,1856]" captionTargetBox="[488,1459,1085,1814]" captionTargetId="figure-55@8.[488,1459,1085,1814]" captionTargetPageId="8" captionText="FIGURE 4 | Arroio Cambaizinho, showing typical habitat of Ancistrus megacanthus." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.11126953" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/11126953/files/figure.png" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">Fig. 4</figureCitation>
). These water courses are in the Pampa biome, in a savannah formation with predominance of herbaceous vegetation and trees restricted to river banks, and with soils characterized by being clayey and gravelly, typical of the Precambrian Sul-Riograndense Shield terrains.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="3E8465762B4CFFD4FDF104C5F033F903" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" type="etymology">
<paragraph id="762136FD2B4CFFD4FDF104C5F7ECFAF3" blockId="7.[488,1459,1271,1371]" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">
<emphasis id="44EAEAEF2B4CFFD4FDF104C5F6E6FAB9" bold="true" box="[518,657,1273,1297]" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">Etymology.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="B19E4D7E2B4CFFD4FD6E04C5F7F3FAB8" box="[665,900,1272,1296]" family="Loricariidae" genus="Ancistrus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Siluriformes" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="megacanthus">
<emphasis id="44EAEAEF2B4CFFD4FD6E04C5F7F3FAB8" box="[665,900,1272,1296]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">Ancistrus megacanthus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, latinized from Greek 
<emphasis id="44EAEAEF2B4CFFD4FB7004CBF0B9FAB9" bold="true" box="[1159,1230,1271,1297]" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">
<collectionCode id="108FAE382B4CFFD4FB7004CBF0B9FAB9" box="[1159,1230,1271,1297]" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">MEGAS</collectionCode>
</emphasis>
(
<emphasis id="44EAEAEF2B4CFFD4FB2804C5F16AFAB8" box="[1247,1309,1273,1296]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">megas</emphasis>
), large, great and 
<emphasis id="44EAEAEF2B4CFFD4FDEE0520F6E5FA9E" bold="true" box="[537,658,1308,1334]" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">AKANTHOS</emphasis>
(
<emphasis id="44EAEAEF2B4CFFD4FD540522F688FA9E" box="[675,767,1310,1334]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">akanthos</emphasis>
), thorn, spine, in reference to the large pectoral-fin spines of the new species. A noun in apposition.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="762136FD2B4CFFD4FDF105B2F033F903" blockId="7.[486,1460,1422,1707]" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">
<emphasis id="44EAEAEF2B4CFFD4FDF105B2F68EFA0E" bold="true" box="[518,761,1422,1446]" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">Conservation status.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="B19E4D7E2B4CFFD4FCF605B2F79BFA0E" box="[769,1004,1422,1446]" family="Loricariidae" genus="Ancistrus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Siluriformes" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="megacanthus">
<emphasis id="44EAEAEF2B4CFFD4FCF605B2F79BFA0E" box="[769,1004,1422,1446]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">Ancistrus megacanthus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
is known from three localities in the rio Vacacaí drainage, with an Extension of Occurrence (
<collectionCode id="108FAE382B4CFFD4FBC2058FF003FA63" box="[1077,1140,1459,1483]" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">EOO</collectionCode>
) estimated by the maximum convex polygon around the Vacacaí-Mirim sub-basin of 
<quantity id="B1669B182B4CFFD4FB7D05E5F171FA58" box="[1162,1286,1496,1521]" metricMagnitude="7" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.1177" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" unit="km" value="11177.0">11,177 km</quantity>
<superScript id="81EB9BB52B4CFFD4FAF005EBF178FA4D" attach="right" box="[1287,1295,1495,1509]" fontSize="6" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">2</superScript>
. Main diffuse threats in the area are the transformation of the lotic environment to lentic habitats (
<emphasis id="44EAEAEF2B4CFFD4FA7C05C3F1D2F9BE" box="[1419,1445,1535,1558]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">e.g</emphasis>
., by the construction of dams) and the use of agricultural pesticides. As no specific threats to the species were detected, it is provisionally assessed as Least Concern (
<collectionCode id="108FAE382B4CFFD4FAF80675F142F9C9" box="[1295,1333,1609,1633]" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">LC</collectionCode>
) according to the International Union for Conservation of Nature (
<collectionCode id="108FAE382B4CFFD4FB970652F0DCF92E" box="[1120,1195,1646,1670]" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">IUCN</collectionCode>
) categories and criteria (
<collectionCode id="108FAE382B4CFFD4FE0706AFF64CF903" box="[496,571,1683,1707]" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">IUCN</collectionCode>
Standards and Petitions Subcommittee, 2022).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>