707 lines
55 KiB
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707 lines
55 KiB
XML
<document ID-DOI="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1051.64603" ID-GBIF-Dataset="63eec201-8a87-4f98-9758-c7d38b15c7a6" ID-PMC="PMC8342412" ID-Pensoft-Pub="1313-2970-1051-1" ID-Pensoft-UUID="BE8CC6847F645F61BB2F7A6BCF96FD64" ID-PubMed="34393548" ID-ZooBank="639E252D43924ABB910BCEA5D8AD2487" ModsDocID="1313-2970-1051-1" checkinTime="1627629668818" checkinUser="pensoft" docAuthor="Lonsdale, Owen" docDate="2021" docId="6E4BE576EE91386E9C64495EF7D8629E" docLanguage="en" docName="ZooKeys 1051: 1-481" docOrigin="ZooKeys 1051" docPubDate="2021-07-29" docSource="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1051.64603" docTitle="Amauromyza flavifrons" docType="treatment" docVersion="5" id="BE8CC6847F645F61BB2F7A6BCF96FD64" lastPageNumber="1" masterDocId="BE8CC6847F645F61BB2F7A6BCF96FD64" masterDocTitle="Manual of North American Agromyzidae (Diptera, Schizophora), with revision of the fauna of the " Delmarva " states" masterLastPageNumber="481" masterPageNumber="1" pageNumber="1" updateTime="1668150737868" updateUser="ExternalLinkService">
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<mods:title>Manual of North American Agromyzidae (Diptera, Schizophora), with revision of the fauna of the " Delmarva " states</mods:title>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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<mods:namePart>Lonsdale, Owen</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation>Agriculture & Agri-Food Canada, 960 Carling Avenue, Ottawa, ON, K 1 A 0 C 6, Canada</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:nameIdentifier type="email">neoxabea@hotmail.com</mods:nameIdentifier>
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<mods:title>ZooKeys</mods:title>
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<mods:date>2021</mods:date>
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<mods:number>2021-07-29</mods:number>
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<mods:detail type="volume">
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<mods:number>1051</mods:number>
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<mods:url>http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1051.64603</mods:url>
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<mods:classification>journal article</mods:classification>
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<mods:identifier type="DOI">http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1051.64603</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier type="Pensoft-Pub">1313-2970-1051-1</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier type="ZooBank">639E252D43924ABB910BCEA5D8AD2487</mods:identifier>
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<treatment ID-GBIF-Taxon="183833083" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:6E4BE576EE91386E9C64495EF7D8629E" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/6E4BE576EE91386E9C64495EF7D8629E" lastPageNumber="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
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<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="nomenclature">
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<taxonomicName authority="(Meigen)" baseAuthorityName="Meigen" baseAuthorityYear="1830" class="Insecta" family="Phytomyzinae" genus="Amauromyza" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Amauromyza flavifrons" order="Diptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="flavifrons">Amauromyza flavifrons (Meigen)</taxonomicName>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="description">
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
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<figureCitation captionStart="Figures 84–91" captionStartId="F11" captionText="Figures 84 - 91. Amauromyza flavifrons (Meigen), head 84 anterior 85 lateral 86, 87 Amauromyza karli (Hendel), head 86 dorsal 87 lateral 88 Aulagromyza nitida (Malloch), male, lateral 89 Aulagromyza tridentata (Loew), male, lateral 90, 91 Calycomyza enceliae Spencer, male, on bush sunflower (R. Hemberger - California, Irvine)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1051.64603.figures84-91" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/572110" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Figs 84</figureCitation>
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<figureCitation captionStart="Figures 84–91" captionStartId="F11" captionText="Figures 84 - 91. Amauromyza flavifrons (Meigen), head 84 anterior 85 lateral 86, 87 Amauromyza karli (Hendel), head 86 dorsal 87 lateral 88 Aulagromyza nitida (Malloch), male, lateral 89 Aulagromyza tridentata (Loew), male, lateral 90, 91 Calycomyza enceliae Spencer, male, on bush sunflower (R. Hemberger - California, Irvine)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1051.64603.figures84-91" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/572110" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">, 85</figureCitation>
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<figureCitation captionStart="Figures 418–424" captionStartId="F74" captionText="Figures 418 - 424. Amauromyza flavifrons (Meigen), male genitalia 418 ejaculatory apodeme 419 external genitalia, anterior (subepandrial sclerite shaded) 420 external genitalia, ventral 421 hypandrium and postgonite, ventral 422 postgonite, lateral 423 phallus, ventral 424 phallus, left lateral." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1051.64603.figures418-424" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/572173" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">, 418-424</figureCitation>
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<figureCitation captionStart="Figures 425–430" captionStartId="F75" captionText="Figures 425 - 430. Amauromyza karli (Hendel), male genitalia 425 hypandrium and postgonite, ventral 426 hypandrial complex, left lateral 427 phallus, ventral 428 ejaculatory apodeme 429, 430 wings 429 A. flavifrons (Meigen) 430 A. karli." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1051.64603.figures425-430" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/572174" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">, 429</figureCitation>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="reference_group">
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
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<taxonomicName authorityName="Meigen" authorityYear="1830" class="Insecta" family="Phytomyzinae" genus="Agromyza" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Agromyza flavifrons" order="Diptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="flavifrons">Agromyza flavifrons</taxonomicName>
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Meigen, 1830: 184.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
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<taxonomicName authorityName="Meigen" authorityYear="1830" class="Insecta" family="Phytomyzinae" genus="Agromyza" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Agromyza exigua" order="Diptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="exigua">Agromyza exigua</taxonomicName>
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Meigen, 1830: 184. Hendel 1931 [synonymy].
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<bibRefCitation author="Spencer, KA" journalOrPublisher=")" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="253 - 271" refId="B258" refString="Spencer, KA, Martinez, M, 1987. Additions and corrections to the Agromyzidae section of the Catalogue of Palearctic Diptera (Papp, 1984). Annales de la Societe Entomologique de France (N.S.) 23: 253 - 271" title="Additions and corrections to the Agromyzidae section of the Catalogue of Palearctic Diptera (Papp, 1984). Annales de la Societe Entomologique de France (N. S." volume="23" year="1987">Spencer and Martinez 1987</bibRefCitation>
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[synonymy].
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
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<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Phytomyzinae" genus="Agromyza" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Agromyza xanthocephala" order="Diptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="xanthocephala">Agromyza xanthocephala</taxonomicName>
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Brischke, 1881: 242 [nec. Zetterstedt]. Hendel 1931 [synonymy].
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
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<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Phytomyzinae" genus="Dizygomyza" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Dizygomyza (Trilobomyza) flavifrons" order="Diptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="flavifrons" subGenus="Trilobomyza">Dizygomyza (Trilobomyza) flavifrons</taxonomicName>
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. Hendel 1931: 71.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
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<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Phytomyzinae" genus="Trilobomyza" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Trilobomyza flavifrons" order="Diptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="flavifrons">Trilobomyza flavifrons</taxonomicName>
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.
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<bibRefCitation DOI="https://doi.org/10.4039/entm10164fv" author="Spencer, KA" journalOrPublisher="Memoirs of the Entomological Society of Canada" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="1 - 311" refId="B246" refString="Spencer, KA, 1969. The Agromyzidae of Canada and Alaska. Memoirs of the Entomological Society of Canada 64: 1 - 311, DOI: https://doi.org/10.4039/entm10164fv" title="The Agromyzidae of Canada and Alaska." url="https://doi.org/10.4039/entm10164fv" volume="64" year="1969">Spencer 1969</bibRefCitation>
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: 160.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
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<taxonomicName baseAuthorityName="Meigen" baseAuthorityYear="1830" class="Insecta" family="Phytomyzinae" genus="Amauromyza" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Amauromyza (Trilobomyza) flavifrons" order="Diptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="flavifrons" subGenus="Trilobomyza">Amauromyza (Trilobomyza) flavifrons</taxonomicName>
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.
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<bibRefCitation author="Spencer, KA" journalOrPublisher="10, Pt. 5 (g)" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" refId="B248" refString="Spencer, KA, 1972. Diptera. Agromyzidae. Handbooks for the Identification of British Insects Vol. 10, Pt. 5(g)" title="Diptera. Agromyzidae. Handbooks for the Identification of British Insects Vol." year="1972">Spencer 1972</bibRefCitation>
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: 46,
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<bibRefCitation author="Spencer, KA" editor="McAlpine, JF" journalOrPublisher="2). Monograph 28, Research branch, Agriculture Canada, Ottawa" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="869 - 879" refId="B255" refString="Spencer, KA, 1987. Agromyzidae. In: McAlpine, JF, Ed., Manual of Nearctic Diptera (Vol. 2). Monograph 28, Research branch, Agriculture Canada, Ottawa: 869 - 879" title="Agromyzidae." volumeTitle="Manual of Nearctic Diptera (Vol." year="1987">1987</bibRefCitation>
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: 877.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
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<taxonomicName baseAuthorityName="Meigen" baseAuthorityYear="1830" class="Insecta" family="Phytomyzinae" genus="Amauromyza" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Amauromyza (Cephalomyza) flavifrons" order="Diptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="flavifrons" subGenus="Cephalomyza">Amauromyza (Cephalomyza) flavifrons</taxonomicName>
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.
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<bibRefCitation author="Spencer, KA" journalOrPublisher="Agriculture Handbook" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="1 - 478" publicationUrl="https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/page/51258090" refId="B261" refString="Spencer, KA, Steyskal, GC, 1986b. Manual of the Agromyzidae (Diptera) of the United States. U.S.D.A. Agriculture Handbook 638: 1 - 478, https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/page/51258090" title="Manual of the Agromyzidae (Diptera) of the United States. U. S. D. A." url="https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/page/51258090" volume="638" year="1986 b">Spencer and Steyskal 1986b</bibRefCitation>
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: 275;
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<bibRefCitation DOI="https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ympev.2006.12.018" author="Scheffer, SJ" journalOrPublisher="Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="756 - 775" refId="B222" refString="Scheffer, SJ, Winkler, IS, Wiegmann, BM, 2007. Phylogenetic relationships within the leaf-mining flies (Diptera: Agromyzidae) inferred from sequence data from multiple genes. Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution 42: 756 - 775, DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ympev.2006.12.018" title="Phylogenetic relationships within the leaf-mining flies (Diptera: Agromyzidae) inferred from sequence data from multiple genes." url="https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ympev.2006.12.018" volume="42" year="2007">Scheffer et al. 2007</bibRefCitation>
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: 770;
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<bibRefCitation DOI="https://doi.org/10.4039/tce.2012.80" author="Boucher, S" journalOrPublisher="The Canadian Entomologist" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="733 - 757" refId="B15" refString="Boucher, S, 2012b. Revision of the Canadian species of Amauromyza Hendel (Diptera: Agromyzidae). The Canadian Entomologist 144: 733 - 757, DOI: https://doi.org/10.4039/tce.2012.80" title="Revision of the Canadian species of Amauromyza Hendel (Diptera: Agromyzidae)." url="https://doi.org/10.4039/tce.2012.80" volume="144" year="2012 b">Boucher 2012b</bibRefCitation>
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: 744;
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<bibRefCitation DOI="https://doi.org/10.2478/cszma-2020-0017" author="Cerny, M" journalOrPublisher="Acta Musei Silesiae, Scientiae Naturales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="193 - 229" refId="B27" refString="Cerny, M, von Tschirnhaus, M, Winqvist, K, 2020. First records of Palaearctic Agromyzidae (Diptera) from 40 countries and major islands. Acta Musei Silesiae, Scientiae Naturales 69: 193 - 229, DOI: https://doi.org/10.2478/cszma-2020-0017" title="First records of Palaearctic Agromyzidae (Diptera) from 40 countries and major islands." url="https://doi.org/10.2478/cszma-2020-0017" volume="69" year="2020">
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<normalizedToken originalValue="Černý">Cerny</normalizedToken>
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et al. 2020
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</bibRefCitation>
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: 201.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
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<taxonomicName baseAuthorityName="Meigen" baseAuthorityYear="1830" class="Insecta" family="Phytomyzinae" genus="Amauromyza" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Amauromyza flavifrons" order="Diptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="flavifrons">Amauromyza flavifrons</taxonomicName>
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.
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<bibRefCitation DOI="https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.4450.1.5" author="Scheffer, SJ" journalOrPublisher="Zootaxa" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="77 - 90" refId="B220" refString="Scheffer, SJ, Lonsdale, O, 2018. A survey of Agromyzidae (Diptera) reared from leafmines on Long Island, New York including the description and host association of one new species. Zootaxa 4450 (1): 77 - 90, DOI: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.4450.1.5" title="A survey of Agromyzidae (Diptera) reared from leafmines on Long Island, New York including the description and host association of one new species." url="https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.4450.1.5" volume="4450" year="2018">Scheffer and Lonsdale 2018</bibRefCitation>
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: 86;
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<bibRefCitation DOI="https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.4479.1.1" author="Eiseman, CS" journalOrPublisher="Zootaxa" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="1 - 156" refId="B49" refString="Eiseman, CS, Lonsdale, O, 2018. New state and host records for Agromyzidae (Diptera) in the United States, with the description of thirty new species. Zootaxa 4479 (1): 1 - 156, DOI: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.4479.1.1" title="New state and host records for Agromyzidae (Diptera) in the United States, with the description of thirty new species." url="https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.4479.1.1" volume="4479" year="2018">Eiseman and Lonsdale 2018</bibRefCitation>
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: 25;
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<bibRefCitation DOI="https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.4931.1.1" author="Eiseman, CS" journalOrPublisher="Zootaxa" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="1 - 68" refId="B52" refString="Eiseman, CS, Lonsdale, O, Linden, J van der Feldman T, Palmer, MW, 2021. Thirteen new species of Agromyzidae (Diptera) from the United States, with new host and distribution records for 32 additional species. Zootaxa 4931 (1): 1 - 68, DOI: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.4931.1.1" title="Thirteen new species of Agromyzidae (Diptera) from the United States, with new host and distribution records for 32 additional species." url="https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.4931.1.1" volume="4931" year="2021">Eiseman et al. 2021</bibRefCitation>
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: 20.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="description">
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Description</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
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<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
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(Figs
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<figureCitation captionStart="Figures 84–91" captionStartId="F11" captionText="Figures 84 - 91. Amauromyza flavifrons (Meigen), head 84 anterior 85 lateral 86, 87 Amauromyza karli (Hendel), head 86 dorsal 87 lateral 88 Aulagromyza nitida (Malloch), male, lateral 89 Aulagromyza tridentata (Loew), male, lateral 90, 91 Calycomyza enceliae Spencer, male, on bush sunflower (R. Hemberger - California, Irvine)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1051.64603.figures84-91" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/572110" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">84</figureCitation>
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,
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<figureCitation captionStart="Figures 84–91" captionStartId="F11" captionText="Figures 84 - 91. Amauromyza flavifrons (Meigen), head 84 anterior 85 lateral 86, 87 Amauromyza karli (Hendel), head 86 dorsal 87 lateral 88 Aulagromyza nitida (Malloch), male, lateral 89 Aulagromyza tridentata (Loew), male, lateral 90, 91 Calycomyza enceliae Spencer, male, on bush sunflower (R. Hemberger - California, Irvine)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1051.64603.figures84-91" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/572110" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">85</figureCitation>
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,
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<figureCitation captionStart="Figures 425–430" captionStartId="F75" captionText="Figures 425 - 430. Amauromyza karli (Hendel), male genitalia 425 hypandrium and postgonite, ventral 426 hypandrial complex, left lateral 427 phallus, ventral 428 ejaculatory apodeme 429, 430 wings 429 A. flavifrons (Meigen) 430 A. karli." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1051.64603.figures425-430" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/572174" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">429</figureCitation>
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).
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</emphasis>
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Wing length 1.8-2.3 mm (♂), 2.0-2.4 mm (♀). Length of ultimate section of vein M4 divided by penultimate section: 2.3-3.3. Eye height divided by gena height: 3.9-4.7. Gena shallow, highest posteriorly and strongly angled upwards anteriorly. Epistoma shallow and broadly rounded. Fronto-orbital plate and parafacial soft, fronto-orbital plate somewhat visible laterally. Lunule height ~ 0.6-0.8
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<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
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width. First flagellomere subcircular, with minute tuft of slightly longer hairs apically. Distance between cross-veins approximately as long as dm-m or shorter.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
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<emphasis bold="true" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Chaetotaxy</emphasis>
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: Two or three ori; two or three ors (rarely one). Orbital setulae short, dark and erect, but sometimes strengthened and appearing as shorter additional ori. Setulae on tubercle strong, erect. Postocellar and ocellar setae as long as ors, with ocellar slightly shorter. Four dorsocentrals, one presutural; decreasing in length anteriorly; sometimes with additional strengthened setula near suture. Acrostichal setulae in four to five scattered rows.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
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<emphasis bold="true" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Colouration</emphasis>
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: Setae dark brown. Body colour faintly to strongly infused with orange tint. Head mostly yellow; first flagellomere light brown to brown excluding base, but sometimes more broadly yellowish; pedicel brownish (sometimes yellow apically); back of head dark brown; posterolateral corner of frons dark brown to base of vertical setae; palpus, face, clypeus, and lower margin of gena brown; gena sometimes brownish. Thorax dark brown with light dusting of pruinosity. Halter yellow. Calypter margin and hairs brown. Legs dark brown with apex of fore femur yellow. Abdomen dark brown.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
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<emphasis bold="true" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Genitalia</emphasis>
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: (Figs
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<figureCitation captionStart="Figures 418–424" captionStartId="F74" captionText="Figures 418 - 424. Amauromyza flavifrons (Meigen), male genitalia 418 ejaculatory apodeme 419 external genitalia, anterior (subepandrial sclerite shaded) 420 external genitalia, ventral 421 hypandrium and postgonite, ventral 422 postgonite, lateral 423 phallus, ventral 424 phallus, left lateral." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1051.64603.figures418-424" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/572173" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">418-424</figureCitation>
|
||
) Epandrium fused with surstylus, interface evident by partial suture; surstylus setose, short, broadly lobate; surstylus and posterodistal margin of epandrium curved inwards. Subepandrial sclerite consisting of one pair of well-sclerotised lateral plates (one seta each apically) joined by broad membranous space medially; with weakly sclerotised triangular lobe underneath cerci. Epiphallus weakly sclerotised, but divided into one pair of ill-defined plates with four strong ridges on anterior plate that are weakly attached to strong saddle-shaped basal plate meeting phallophorus. Hypandrium small, broadly rounded and stout. Postgonite bare, curved medially, with weak inner-medial lobe, apically subcircular with distal 1/2 weakly sclerotised. Ejaculatory duct broad, lightly pigmented, becoming darker and slightly wider apically. Basiphallus with weak subquadrate dorsobasal plate distally branching (from left side) into two darker bands, the right band wider with dorsum paler; apically narrowed and paler, medially fusing with broad, black ventral extension of distiphallus (possibly homologous to paraphalli). Mesophallus not discernible, likely fused into base of distiphallus. Distiphallus as long as distance from its base to apex of phallophorus; black, split along most of length into two stout processes that slightly widen apically; membrane surrounding distiphallus with minute clear spinulae around apex with medial line smoother. Ejaculatory apodeme paler to apex, broad blade continuous with stem, gradually tapering to base; sperm pump sclerotised, broadly bowl-shaped or somewhat pointed ventromedially.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="host">
|
||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Hosts.</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Hendel" authorityYear="1931" family="Amaranthaceae" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="" order="Diptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="family">Amaranthaceae</taxonomicName>
|
||
-
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Beta</emphasis>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Linnaeus" authorityYear="1753" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Asteraceae" genus="Spinacia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Spinacia" order="Asterales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Spinacia</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
.
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Linnaeus" authorityYear="1753" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Asteraceae" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="" order="Asterales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="family">Asteraceae</taxonomicName>
|
||
-
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Magnoliopsida" family="Asteraceae" genus="Bidens" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Bidens" order="Asterales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Angiospermae" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Bidens</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
*; two ON females reared from "Wild
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Dicotyledoneae" family="Caryophyllaceae" genus="Aster" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Aster" order="Centrospermae" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Angiospermae" rank="genus">Aster</taxonomicName>
|
||
".
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Dicotyledoneae" family="Caryophyllaceae" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="" order="Centrospermae" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Angiospermae" rank="family">Caryophyllaceae</taxonomicName>
|
||
-
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Dicotyledoneae" family="Caryophyllaceae" genus="Agrostemma" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Agrostemma" order="Centrospermae" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Angiospermae" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Agrostemma</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Eudicots" family="Caryophyllaceae" genus="Atocion" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Atocion" order="Caryophyllales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Magnoliophyta" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Atocion</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Dicotyledoneae" family="Chenopodiaceae" genus="Atriplex" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Atriplex" order="Centrospermae" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Angiospermae" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Atriplex</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Dicotyledoneae" family="Caryophyllaceae" genus="Cerastium" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Cerastium" order="Centrospermae" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Angiospermae" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Cerastium</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Dicotyledoneae" family="Caryophyllaceae" genus="Dianthus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Dianthus" order="Centrospermae" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Angiospermae" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Dianthus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Dicotyledoneae" family="Caryophyllaceae" genus="Gypsophila" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Gypsophila" order="Centrospermae" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Angiospermae" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Gypsophila</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Eudicots" family="Caryophyllaceae" genus="Honckenya" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Honckenya" order="Caryophyllales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Magnoliophyta" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Honckenya</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Dicotyledoneae" family="Caryophyllaceae" genus="Lychnis" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Lychnis" order="Centrospermae" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Angiospermae" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Lychnis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Eudicots" family="Caryophyllaceae" genus="Melandrium" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Melandrium" order="Caryophyllales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Magnoliophyta" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Melandrium</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="C.Linnaeus" authorityYear="1753" class="Dicotyledoneae" family="Caryophyllaceae" genus="Moehringia" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Moehringia" order="Centrospermae" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Angiospermae" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Moehringia</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="C.Moench" authorityYear="1794" class="Dicotyledoneae" family="Caryophyllaceae" genus="Myosoton" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Myosoton" order="Centrospermae" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Angiospermae" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Myosoton</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Dicotyledoneae" family="Caryophyllaceae" genus="Saponaria" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Saponaria" order="Centrospermae" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Angiospermae" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Saponaria</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Dicotyledoneae" family="Caryophyllaceae" genus="Silene" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Silene" order="Centrospermae" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Angiospermae" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Silene</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Dicotyledoneae" family="Caryophyllaceae" genus="Stellaria" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Stellaria" order="Centrospermae" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Angiospermae" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Stellaria</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Chenopodiaceae" genus="Vaccaria" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Vaccaria" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Vaccaria</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
.
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Chenopodiaceae" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="family">Chenopodiaceae</taxonomicName>
|
||
-
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Dicotyledoneae" family="Chenopodiaceae" genus="Chenopodium" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Chenopodium" order="Centrospermae" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Angiospermae" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Chenopodium</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Linnaeus" authorityYear="1753" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Asteraceae" genus="Spinacia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Spinacia" order="Asterales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Spinacia</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(
|
||
<bibRefCitation author="Benavent-Corai, J" journalOrPublisher="Bollettino di Zoologica Agraria e di Bachicoltura, Series II," pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="1 - 97" refId="B4" refString="Benavent-Corai, J, Martinez, M, Jimenez, Peydro R, 2005. Catalogue of the host plants of the world Agromyzidae (Diptera). Bollettino di Zoologica Agraria e di Bachicoltura, Series II, 37: 1 - 97" title="Catalogue of the host plants of the world Agromyzidae (Diptera)." volume="37" year="2005">Benavent-Corai et al. 2005</bibRefCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<bibRefCitation DOI="https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.4931.1.1" author="Eiseman, CS" journalOrPublisher="Zootaxa" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="1 - 68" refId="B52" refString="Eiseman, CS, Lonsdale, O, Linden, J van der Feldman T, Palmer, MW, 2021. Thirteen new species of Agromyzidae (Diptera) from the United States, with new host and distribution records for 32 additional species. Zootaxa 4931 (1): 1 - 68, DOI: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.4931.1.1" title="Thirteen new species of Agromyzidae (Diptera) from the United States, with new host and distribution records for 32 additional species." url="https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.4931.1.1" volume="4931" year="2021">Eiseman et al. 2021</bibRefCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<bibRefCitation author="Ellis, WN" journalOrPublisher="Zootaxa" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" publicationUrl="https://bladmineerders.nl/" refId="B53" refString="Ellis, WN, 2021. Plant Parasites of Europe: leafminers, galls and fungi. https://bladmineerders.nl/" title="Plant Parasites of Europe: leafminers, galls and fungi." url="https://bladmineerders.nl/" year="2021">Ellis 2021</bibRefCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="distribution">
|
||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Distribution.</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Canada</emphasis>
|
||
: BC, ON, QC.
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">USA</emphasis>
|
||
: DE, IL, MA, MD*, MI, MN, NC*, NY, OH, OR, PA, VA*, VT, WA; leaf mines only in CT, IA, ID, KY, WI (
|
||
<bibRefCitation DOI="https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.4479.1.1" author="Eiseman, CS" journalOrPublisher="Zootaxa" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="1 - 156" refId="B49" refString="Eiseman, CS, Lonsdale, O, 2018. New state and host records for Agromyzidae (Diptera) in the United States, with the description of thirty new species. Zootaxa 4479 (1): 1 - 156, DOI: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.4479.1.1" title="New state and host records for Agromyzidae (Diptera) in the United States, with the description of thirty new species." url="https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.4479.1.1" volume="4479" year="2018">Eiseman and Lonsdale 2018</bibRefCitation>
|
||
). Tunisia, Western Europe to the Kyrghyz Republic and North Korea (
|
||
<bibRefCitation author="Spencer, KA" journalOrPublisher=", Klampenborg, Denmark" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" refId="B251" refString="Spencer, KA, 1976. The Agromyzidae (Diptera) of Fennoscandia and Denmark. Fauna Entomologica Scandinavica 5. Scandinavian Science Press, Ltd., Klampenborg, Denmark" title="The Agromyzidae (Diptera) of Fennoscandia and Denmark. Fauna Entomologica Scandinavica 5. Scandinavian Science Press, Ltd." year="1976">Spencer 1976</bibRefCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<bibRefCitation DOI="https://doi.org/10.2478/cszma-2020-0017" author="Cerny, M" journalOrPublisher="Acta Musei Silesiae, Scientiae Naturales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="193 - 229" refId="B27" refString="Cerny, M, von Tschirnhaus, M, Winqvist, K, 2020. First records of Palaearctic Agromyzidae (Diptera) from 40 countries and major islands. Acta Musei Silesiae, Scientiae Naturales 69: 193 - 229, DOI: https://doi.org/10.2478/cszma-2020-0017" title="First records of Palaearctic Agromyzidae (Diptera) from 40 countries and major islands." url="https://doi.org/10.2478/cszma-2020-0017" volume="69" year="2020">
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="Černý">Cerny</normalizedToken>
|
||
et al. 2020
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="type material">
|
||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Type material.</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Holotype</emphasis>
|
||
:
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Germany</emphasis>
|
||
(1♀, MNHN). [Not examined]
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="materials_examined">
|
||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Material examined.</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||
<collectingCountry name="Canada">Canada</collectingCountry>
|
||
. BC
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
: Vancouver, Point Grey,
|
||
<date value="1972-09-17">17.ix.1972</date>
|
||
, J.R. Vockeroth (
|
||
<specimenCount type="male">3♂</specimenCount>
|
||
, CNC),
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">ON</emphasis>
|
||
: Ottawa, 695 Malibu Tr.,
|
||
<geoCoordinate degrees="45" direction="north" minutes="22" orientation="latitude" precision="1" seconds="16.29" value="45.37119">45°22'16.29"N</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate degrees="75" direction="west" minutes="42" orientation="longitude" precision="15" seconds="57" value="-75.71583">75°42'57"W</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<date value="2017-06-20">20.vi.2017</date>
|
||
, O. Lonsdale, ex
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Dicotyledoneae" family="Caryophyllaceae" genus="Silene" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Silene vulgaris" order="Centrospermae" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Angiospermae" rank="species" species="vulgaris">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Silene vulgaris</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, em.
|
||
<date value="2017-07-06">6.vii.2017</date>
|
||
, CNC799453, CNC799454 (
|
||
<specimenCount type="female">2♀</specimenCount>
|
||
, CNC), Ottawa,
|
||
<date value="1971-08-23">23.viii.1971</date>
|
||
, ex wild
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Dicotyledoneae" family="Caryophyllaceae" genus="Aster" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Aster" order="Centrospermae" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Angiospermae" rank="genus">Aster</taxonomicName>
|
||
, H.J. Teskey (
|
||
<specimenCount type="female">2♀</specimenCount>
|
||
, CNC), Ottawa, winter 1965-66, bred from leaf mine in
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Dicotyledoneae" family="Caryophyllaceae" genus="Dianthus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Dianthus" order="Centrospermae" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Angiospermae" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Dianthus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, M. Hildebrand, reared in lab (
|
||
<specimenCount type="male">1♂</specimenCount>
|
||
, CNC), Ottawa,
|
||
<date value="1975-05-23">23.v.1975</date>
|
||
, H.C.W. Walther (
|
||
<specimenCount type="female">1♀</specimenCount>
|
||
4 puparia, CNC), Ottawa,
|
||
<date value="1974-08-21">21.viii.1974</date>
|
||
, J.R. Vockeroth (
|
||
<specimenCount type="male">1♂</specimenCount>
|
||
, CNC), Ottawa, damp second-growth
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Eudicots" family="Sapindaceae" genus="Acer" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Acer" order="Sapindales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Magnoliophyta" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Acer</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
-
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Betulaceae" genus="Betula" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Betula" order="Diptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Betula</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
wood, J.R. Vockeroth,
|
||
<date value="1991-05-21">21.v.1991</date>
|
||
(
|
||
<specimenCount type="male">1♂</specimenCount>
|
||
, CNC),
|
||
<date value="1991-05-25">25.v.1991</date>
|
||
(
|
||
<specimenCount type="male">2♂</specimenCount>
|
||
, CNC),
|
||
<date value="1991-06-26">26.vi.1991</date>
|
||
(
|
||
<specimenCount type="female">2♀</specimenCount>
|
||
, CNC),
|
||
<date value="1991-07-06">6.vii.1991</date>
|
||
(
|
||
<specimenCount type="female">1♀</specimenCount>
|
||
, CNC),
|
||
<date value="1991-07-09">9.vii.1991</date>
|
||
(
|
||
<specimenCount type="female">1♀</specimenCount>
|
||
, CNC),
|
||
<date value="1991-07-11">11.vii.1991</date>
|
||
(
|
||
<specimenCount type="female">1♀</specimenCount>
|
||
, CNC),
|
||
<date value="1993-07-17">17.vii.1993</date>
|
||
(
|
||
<specimenCount type="male">5♂</specimenCount>
|
||
, CNC),
|
||
<date value="1993-08-08">8.viii.1993</date>
|
||
(
|
||
<specimenCount type="female">1♀</specimenCount>
|
||
, CNC),
|
||
<date value="1993-08-13">13.viii.1993</date>
|
||
(
|
||
<specimenCount type="male">1♂</specimenCount>
|
||
, CNC),
|
||
<date value="1993-08-28">28.viii.1993</date>
|
||
(
|
||
<specimenCount type="male">1♂</specimenCount>
|
||
, CNC),
|
||
<date value="1994-07-12">12.vii.1994</date>
|
||
(
|
||
<specimenCount type="male">4♂</specimenCount>
|
||
, CNC),
|
||
<date value="1995-05-30">30.v.1995</date>
|
||
(
|
||
<specimenCount type="male">1♂</specimenCount>
|
||
, CNC),
|
||
<date value="1997-08-29">29.viii.1997</date>
|
||
(
|
||
<specimenCount type="male">1♂</specimenCount>
|
||
, CNC),
|
||
<date value="1997-09-01">1.ix.1997</date>
|
||
(
|
||
<specimenCount type="male">1♂</specimenCount>
|
||
, CNC),
|
||
<date value="1997-11-06">6.xi.1997</date>
|
||
(
|
||
<specimenCount type="male">1♂</specimenCount>
|
||
, CNC),
|
||
<date value="1998-08-14">14.viii.1998</date>
|
||
(
|
||
<specimenCount type="male">1♂</specimenCount>
|
||
, CNC),
|
||
<date value="2000-07-05">5.vii.2000</date>
|
||
(
|
||
<specimenCount type="male">1♂</specimenCount>
|
||
, CNC),
|
||
<date value="2000-07-11">11.vii.2000</date>
|
||
(
|
||
<specimenCount type="male">1♂</specimenCount>
|
||
, CNC),
|
||
<date value="2000-07-12">12.vii.2000</date>
|
||
(
|
||
<specimenCount type="male">1♂</specimenCount>
|
||
, CNC),
|
||
<date value="2000-08-12">12.viii.2000</date>
|
||
(
|
||
<specimenCount type="male">1♂</specimenCount>
|
||
, CNC),
|
||
<date value="2000-08-15">15.viii.2000</date>
|
||
(
|
||
<specimenCount type="male">1♂</specimenCount>
|
||
, CNC),
|
||
<date value="2000-08-21">21.viii.2000</date>
|
||
(
|
||
<specimenCount type="male">1♂</specimenCount>
|
||
, CNC),
|
||
<date value="2000-08-27">27.viii.2000</date>
|
||
(
|
||
<specimenCount type="male">1♂</specimenCount>
|
||
, CNC),
|
||
<date value="2000-08-29">29.viii.2000</date>
|
||
(
|
||
<specimenCount type="male">1♂</specimenCount>
|
||
, CNC),
|
||
<date value="2000-10-02">2.x.2000</date>
|
||
(
|
||
<specimenCount type="female">1♀</specimenCount>
|
||
, CNC),
|
||
<date value="2002-07-16">16.vii.2002</date>
|
||
(
|
||
<specimenCount type="male">1♂</specimenCount>
|
||
, CNC),
|
||
<date value="2002-08-22">22.viii.2002</date>
|
||
(
|
||
<specimenCount type="male">1♂</specimenCount>
|
||
, CNC),
|
||
<date value="2002-09-16">16.ix.2002</date>
|
||
(
|
||
<specimenCount type="male">1♂</specimenCount>
|
||
, CNC),
|
||
<date value="2003-07-14">14.vii.2003</date>
|
||
(
|
||
<specimenCount type="male">2♂</specimenCount>
|
||
, CNC),
|
||
<date value="2003-07-15">15.vii.2003</date>
|
||
(
|
||
<specimenCount type="male">2♂</specimenCount>
|
||
, CNC),
|
||
<date value="2003-08-03">3.viii.2003</date>
|
||
(
|
||
<specimenCount type="male">1♂</specimenCount>
|
||
, CNC),
|
||
<date value="2003-08-21">21.viii.2003</date>
|
||
(
|
||
<specimenCount type="male">1♂</specimenCount>
|
||
, CNC),
|
||
<date value="2002-08-24">24.viii.2002</date>
|
||
(
|
||
<specimenCount type="male">2♂</specimenCount>
|
||
, CNC), Thornhill, J.R. Vockeroth,
|
||
<date value="1964-05-30">30.v.1964</date>
|
||
(
|
||
<specimenCount type="male">29♂</specimenCount>
|
||
<specimenCount type="female">33♀</specimenCount>
|
||
, CNC), Metcalf,
|
||
<date value="1993-07-28">28.vii.1993</date>
|
||
, B.E. Cooper (
|
||
<specimenCount type="male">2♂</specimenCount>
|
||
, CNC), St. Lawrence Is. N.P., Grenadier I. Centre,
|
||
<date value="1975-07-28">28.vii.1975</date>
|
||
, E. Sigler (
|
||
<specimenCount type="male">2♂</specimenCount>
|
||
, CNC),
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">QC</emphasis>
|
||
: Gatineau Pk., Old Chelsea, H.J. Teskey, 28,
|
||
<date value="1971-07">vii.1971</date>
|
||
(
|
||
<specimenCount type="male">1♂</specimenCount>
|
||
<specimenCount type="female">1♀</specimenCount>
|
||
[with puparium], CNC),
|
||
<date value="1971-08">viii.1971</date>
|
||
(
|
||
<specimenCount type="female">1♀</specimenCount>
|
||
, CNC), Hull,
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF,CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="" order="Diptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="order">Diptera</taxonomicName>
|
||
on
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Magnoliopsida" family="Asteraceae" genus="Bidens" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Bidens" order="Asterales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Angiospermae" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Bidens</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<date value="1960-08-25">25.viii.1960</date>
|
||
, C.D. Miller (
|
||
<specimenCount type="female">1♀</specimenCount>
|
||
[with puparium and host leaf], CNC).
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||
<collectingCountry name="United Kingdom">England</collectingCountry>
|
||
.
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
Torcross,
|
||
<collectingRegion country="United Kingdom" name="Devon">Devon</collectingRegion>
|
||
,
|
||
<date value="1942-07-14">14.vii.1942</date>
|
||
, G.E. Shewell (
|
||
<specimenCount type="female">1♀</specimenCount>
|
||
, CNC).
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Europe.</emphasis>
|
||
No data, "Dizygom.
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">flavifrons</emphasis>
|
||
Mg.
|
||
<specimenCount>♂</specimenCount>
|
||
det. Hendel" (
|
||
<specimenCount type="male">1♂</specimenCount>
|
||
, USNM), "Dizygom.
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">flavifrons</emphasis>
|
||
Mg. det. Hendel" (
|
||
<specimenCount type="male">1♂</specimenCount>
|
||
, USNM).
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||
<collectingCountry name="Germany">Germany</collectingCountry>
|
||
.
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
Mine an:
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Dicotyledoneae" family="Caryophyllaceae" genus="Cerastium" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Cerastium holosteoides" order="Centrospermae" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Angiospermae" rank="species" species="holosteoides">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Cerastium holosteoides</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, Hering Z: Crossen a.O., 1964,
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="Mühlhausen">Muehlhausen</normalizedToken>
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="Thüringen">
|
||
<collectingRegion country="Germany" name="Thueringen">Thueringen</collectingRegion>
|
||
</normalizedToken>
|
||
, H. Buhr, 2298 (
|
||
<specimenCount type="male">2♂</specimenCount>
|
||
[same pin], CNC), Mine an:
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Eudicots" family="Caryophyllaceae" genus="Coronaria" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Coronaria floscuculi" order="Caryophyllales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Magnoliophyta" rank="species" species="floscuculi">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Coronaria floscuculi</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
[=
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Dicotyledoneae" family="Caryophyllaceae" genus="Lychnis" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Lychnis flos-cuculi" order="Centrospermae" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Angiospermae" rank="species" species="flos-cuculi">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Lychnis flos-cuculi</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
L.], Crossen a.O., Hering: Z. (
|
||
<specimenCount type="female">1♀</specimenCount>
|
||
, CNC).
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||
<collectingCountry name="Hungary">Hungary</collectingCountry>
|
||
.
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
<collectingRegion country="Hungary" name="Budapest">Budapest</collectingRegion>
|
||
, Janoshed, em.
|
||
<date value="1964-06-21">21.vi.1964</date>
|
||
, mine
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Eudicots" family="Caryophyllaceae" genus="Melandrium" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Melandrium" order="Caryophyllales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Magnoliophyta" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Melandrium</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
sp.
|
||
<date value="1964-05-28">28.v.1964</date>
|
||
, K.A. Spencer (
|
||
<specimenCount type="female">1♀</specimenCount>
|
||
[with puparium], CNC).
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||
<collectingCountry name="United States of America">USA</collectingCountry>
|
||
. MD
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
: Colesville, W.W. Wirth,
|
||
<date value="1974-07-11">11.vii.1974</date>
|
||
(
|
||
<specimenCount type="female">1♀</specimenCount>
|
||
, USNM),
|
||
<date value="1974-07-24">24.vii.1974</date>
|
||
(
|
||
<specimenCount type="male">1♂</specimenCount>
|
||
<specimenCount type="female">2♀</specimenCount>
|
||
, USNM),
|
||
<date value="1975-06-14">14.vi.1975</date>
|
||
(
|
||
<specimenCount type="female">1♀</specimenCount>
|
||
, USNM),
|
||
<date value="1976-07-04">4.vii.1976</date>
|
||
(
|
||
<specimenCount type="female">2♀</specimenCount>
|
||
, USNM),
|
||
<date value="1976-07-28">28.vii.1976</date>
|
||
(
|
||
<specimenCount type="female">2♀</specimenCount>
|
||
, USNM),
|
||
<date value="1977-06-14">14.vi.1977</date>
|
||
(
|
||
<specimenCount type="female">1♀</specimenCount>
|
||
, USNM),
|
||
<date value="1977-06-18">18.vi.1977</date>
|
||
(
|
||
<specimenCount type="female">1♀</specimenCount>
|
||
, USNM),
|
||
<date value="1977-05-28">28.v.1977</date>
|
||
(
|
||
<specimenCount type="male">1♂</specimenCount>
|
||
, USNM),
|
||
<date value="1977-06-26">26.vi.1977</date>
|
||
(
|
||
<specimenCount type="male">2♂</specimenCount>
|
||
, USNM), Montgomery Co., Colesville,
|
||
<date value="1979-08-03">3.viii.1979</date>
|
||
, Malaise trap, W.W. Wirth (
|
||
<specimenCount type="female">1♀</specimenCount>
|
||
, USNM),
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">OH</emphasis>
|
||
: Portage Co.,
|
||
<quantity metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.828032" unit="mi" value="3.0">3mi</quantity>
|
||
E Kent,
|
||
<date value="1969-06-10">10.vi.1969</date>
|
||
, Biol. Note No. 6901, S. Whitney (
|
||
<specimenCount type="female">1♀</specimenCount>
|
||
, USNM), Hocking Co., South Bloomingville, Deep Woods Farm,
|
||
<date value="2013-10-24">24.x.2013</date>
|
||
, em.
|
||
<date value="2014-03-26" valueMax="2014-03-28" valueMin="2014-03-26">26- 28.iii.2014</date>
|
||
, C.S. Eiseman, ex
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Dicotyledoneae" family="Caryophyllaceae" genus="Silene" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Silene rotundifolia" order="Centrospermae" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Angiospermae" rank="species" species="rotundifolia">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Silene rotundifolia</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, #CSE1028, CNC384742-384747 (
|
||
<specimenCount type="female">6♀</specimenCount>
|
||
, CNC),
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">OR</emphasis>
|
||
: Lane Co., Blue River,
|
||
<date value="2016-07-24">24.vii.2016</date>
|
||
, M.W. Palmer,
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Dicotyledoneae" family="Caryophyllaceae" genus="Silene" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Silene coronaria" order="Centrospermae" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Angiospermae" rank="species" species="coronaria">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Silene coronaria</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
em.
|
||
<date value="2016-07-18" valueMax="2016-07-30" valueMin="2016-07-18">18-30.vii.2016</date>
|
||
, #CSE3037, CNC638887-638890 (
|
||
<specimenCount type="male">3♂</specimenCount>
|
||
,
|
||
<specimenCount type="female">1♀</specimenCount>
|
||
, CNC),
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">NC</emphasis>
|
||
: Jackson Co., Dulaney Bog,
|
||
<quantity metricMagnitude="4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.1265408" unit="mi" value="7.0">7mi</quantity>
|
||
S Cashiers,
|
||
<date value="1986-06-19">19.vi.1986</date>
|
||
, Malaise trap, W.W. Wirth (
|
||
<specimenCount type="female">1♀</specimenCount>
|
||
, USNM),
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">VA</emphasis>
|
||
: Giles Co., Mountain Lake,
|
||
<date value="1976-09-07">7.ix.1976</date>
|
||
, G.C. Steyskal (
|
||
<specimenCount type="male">1♂</specimenCount>
|
||
, USNM), Fairfax Co., Turkey Run Park,
|
||
<quantity metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.0" unit="km" value="0.3">0.3 km</quantity>
|
||
W mouth Turkey Run,
|
||
<geoCoordinate degrees="38" direction="north" minutes="58" orientation="latitude" precision="925" value="38.966667">38°58'N</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate degrees="77" direction="west" minutes="09.6" orientation="longitude" precision="92" value="-77.16">77°09.6'W</geoCoordinate>
|
||
, Malaise trap,
|
||
<date value="2007-07-12" valueMax="2007-07-26" valueMin="2007-07-12">12-26.vii.2007</date>
|
||
, D.R.Smith (
|
||
<specimenCount type="female">1♀</specimenCount>
|
||
, USNM).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="comments">
|
||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Comments.</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||
<taxonomicName baseAuthorityName="Meigen" baseAuthorityYear="1830" class="Insecta" family="Phytomyzinae" genus="Amauromyza" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Amauromyza flavifrons" order="Diptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="flavifrons">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Amauromyza flavifrons</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, a distinct black and yellow to orange-tinted species that often has numerous fronto-orbitals, was first collected in North America by J.R. Vockeroth in Thornhill, Ontario in 1964.
|
||
<bibRefCitation DOI="https://doi.org/10.4039/entm10164fv" author="Spencer, KA" journalOrPublisher="Memoirs of the Entomological Society of Canada" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="1 - 311" refId="B246" refString="Spencer, KA, 1969. The Agromyzidae of Canada and Alaska. Memoirs of the Entomological Society of Canada 64: 1 - 311, DOI: https://doi.org/10.4039/entm10164fv" title="The Agromyzidae of Canada and Alaska." url="https://doi.org/10.4039/entm10164fv" volume="64" year="1969">Spencer (1969)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
suggested that it may have been introduced from Europe on cultivated
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Dicotyledoneae" family="Caryophyllaceae" genus="Dianthus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Dianthus" order="Centrospermae" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Angiospermae" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Dianthus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
. Collection records support this concept, showing the geographic spread of this species in subsequent years: from Ohio in 1969, Vancouver in 1972, Washington in 1973, Maryland in 1974, Wisconsin in 1975 (
|
||
<bibRefCitation author="Spencer, KA" journalOrPublisher="Agriculture Handbook" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="1 - 478" publicationUrl="https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/page/51258090" refId="B261" refString="Spencer, KA, Steyskal, GC, 1986b. Manual of the Agromyzidae (Diptera) of the United States. U.S.D.A. Agriculture Handbook 638: 1 - 478, https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/page/51258090" title="Manual of the Agromyzidae (Diptera) of the United States. U. S. D. A." url="https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/page/51258090" volume="638" year="1986 b">Spencer and Steyskal 1986b</bibRefCitation>
|
||
), Edmonton in 1975 (G.C. Griffiths, pers. comm.), Virginia in 1976, Delaware in 1979 (
|
||
<bibRefCitation author="Spencer, KA" journalOrPublisher="Agriculture Handbook" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="1 - 478" publicationUrl="https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/page/51258090" refId="B261" refString="Spencer, KA, Steyskal, GC, 1986b. Manual of the Agromyzidae (Diptera) of the United States. U.S.D.A. Agriculture Handbook 638: 1 - 478, https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/page/51258090" title="Manual of the Agromyzidae (Diptera) of the United States. U. S. D. A." url="https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/page/51258090" volume="638" year="1986 b">Spencer and Steyskal 1986b</bibRefCitation>
|
||
), Vermont in 1980 and North Carolina in 1986. The Edmonton specimens were reared from
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Dicotyledoneae" family="Caryophyllaceae" genus="Dianthus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Dianthus barbatus" order="Centrospermae" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Angiospermae" rank="species" species="barbatus">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Dianthus barbatus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, emerging on 24-26 July; other mines were only seen within the city on garden plants and weeds, supporting the idea that they were first introduced on commercial plants (G.C. Griffiths, pers. comm.).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||
<taxonomicName baseAuthorityName="Meigen" baseAuthorityYear="1830" class="Insecta" family="Phytomyzinae" genus="Amauromyza" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Amauromyza flavifrons" order="Diptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="flavifrons">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Amauromyza flavifrons</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
is known to regularly occur on beet and spinach, but normally low population densities keep it from becoming a serious pest (
|
||
<bibRefCitation author="Dempewolf, M" journalOrPublisher="The Canadian Entomologist" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" publicationUrl="https://nlbif.eti.uva.nl/bis/agromyzidae.php" refId="B42" refString="Dempewolf, M, 2004. Arthropods of Economic Importance - Agromyzidae of the World (CD-ROM). ETI. University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam. https://nlbif.eti.uva.nl/bis/agromyzidae.php" title="Arthropods of Economic Importance - Agromyzidae of the World (CD-ROM). ETI. University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam." url="https://nlbif.eti.uva.nl/bis/agromyzidae.php" year="2004">Dempewolf 2004</bibRefCitation>
|
||
). The anthomyiid
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Robineau-Desvoidy" authorityYear="1830" class="Insecta" family="Anthomyiidae" genus="Pegomya" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF,CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Pegomya" order="Diptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Pegomya</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
Macquart also occurs on beet, and mines of one may be confused for the other, although those of
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Macquart" authorityYear="1835" class="Insecta" family="Muscidae" genus="Pegomyia" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Pegomyia" order="Diptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Pegomyia</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
are much larger, darker, and more damaging to the leaves (C. Eiseman, pers. comm.). Similar damage on
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Dicotyledoneae" family="Caryophyllaceae" genus="Dianthus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Dianthus" order="Centrospermae" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Angiospermae" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Dianthus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(carnations) causes proportionally more damage, significantly decreasing market value.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |