treatments-xml/data/93/26/BF/9326BFA3597F5B1987B75D966111C5CE.xml

<document id="91D2ADC35122ED6EE442DB8279282A75" ID-CLB-Dataset="298666" ID-DOI="10.3897/phytokeys.243.123694" ID-GBIF-Dataset="6630ddf9-efde-4972-8cb2-d2e4719f1c71" ID-publisher-id="123694" URI-arpha="C901C2A9-A429-57F0-9C09-1F7B47F7FF72" XM.bibliography_approvedBy="admin" XM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="admin" article-type="research-article" checkinTime="1718814050290" checkinUser="pensoft" docAuthor="Lorence, David H., Wood, Kenneth R., Appelhans, Marc S. &amp; Wagner, Warren L." docDate="2024" docId="9326BFA3597F5B1987B75D966111C5CE" docLanguage="en" docName="PhytoKeys 243: 47-61" docOrigin="PhytoKeys 243" docSource="https://phytokeys.pensoft.net/article/123694/download/xml/" docStyle="DocumentStyle:PensoftTaxPub.0000.journal_article.phytokeys" docStyleName="PensoftTaxPub.0000.journal_article.phytokeys" docTitle="Myrsine cirrhosa Lorence &amp; K. R. Wood 2024, sp. nov." docType="treatment" docVersion="5" dtd-version="3.0" lastPageNumber="61" masterDocId="C901C2A9A42957F09C091F7B47F7FF72" masterDocTitle="Myrsine cirrhosa (Primulaceae), a distinctive new shrub species from Kaua‘i, Hawaiian Islands" masterLastPageNumber="61" masterPageNumber="47" pageNumber="47" updateTime="1718832458358" updateUser="ExternalLinkService">
<mods:mods id="410294B369BBFD93567AAD68A6C67D43" xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
<mods:titleInfo id="E3994F55E7EF7B6A4B25BB6B38601703">
<mods:title id="163982F141EA6B77F6E34DF00CD02A6D">Myrsine cirrhosa (Primulaceae), a distinctive new shrub species from Kaua‘i, Hawaiian Islands</mods:title>
</mods:titleInfo>
<mods:name id="3410F929A8D6AC987A695579D3B45AE3" type="personal">
<mods:role id="F672A59CDA0F3415FB6BD828DD65F11F">
<mods:roleTerm id="B46A9A20F91CC505DA139DB5B528A1C9">Author</mods:roleTerm>
</mods:role>
<mods:namePart id="D39AA7FDF3E61369357832A65D4541E2">Lorence, David H.</mods:namePart>
<mods:nameIdentifier id="2FBE2B9DE0F534A1297FCF0996C98A4F" type="ORCID">0000-0002-6735-9531</mods:nameIdentifier>
<mods:affiliation id="BA8DE7843DB41801311E4813393B38EB">National Tropical Botanical Garden, 3530 Papalina Road, Kalāheo, HI 96741, USA</mods:affiliation>
</mods:name>
<mods:name id="59FAE29BF10183B4DFFAF745408572EB" type="personal">
<mods:role id="16E8F5167C7FBB39B6BC6D11E1C6497D">
<mods:roleTerm id="02DE0E78D57F86212DAAD81CA9EAA6F3">Author</mods:roleTerm>
</mods:role>
<mods:namePart id="D7654691F46DC6D3315E458F6325B7D5">Wood, Kenneth R.</mods:namePart>
<mods:nameIdentifier id="35F57A6B4816328A35A8421940BF18B8" type="ORCID">0000-0001-6446-1154</mods:nameIdentifier>
<mods:affiliation id="9BB98D80E03E04D7B2E6EE979AC6AEAF">National Tropical Botanical Garden, 3530 Papalina Road, Kalāheo, HI 96741, USA</mods:affiliation>
</mods:name>
<mods:name id="909166BA5147BA3E5A734E81558E15B3" type="personal">
<mods:role id="54F7680808F6F6D78EF3718CEB22FD5D">
<mods:roleTerm id="56D66E9A0A86BEFDB5951D2CEF05A1C6">Author</mods:roleTerm>
</mods:role>
<mods:namePart id="016F6103CEA21173C594C5DDCEECCB72">Appelhans, Marc S.</mods:namePart>
<mods:nameIdentifier id="10BDEFCD51F1C38F1397FB5785436693" type="ORCID">0000-0003-4864-5003</mods:nameIdentifier>
<mods:affiliation id="6D1F745533453946B6B5E62DECB6CF07">Department of Systematics, Biodiversity and Evolution of Plants, Albrecht-von-Haller Institute of Plant Sciences, University of Goettingen, Untere Karspuele 2, 37073 Goettingen, Germany &amp; Department of Botany, National Museum of Natural History, Smithsonian Institution, P. O. Box 37012, MRC 166, Washington, DC 20013 - 7012, USA</mods:affiliation>
</mods:name>
<mods:name id="B820C8E820AF34380D351860660963E7" type="personal">
<mods:role id="1F9E8C72B8E97E15D75CBDEF8BF1D287">
<mods:roleTerm id="C0C8835674F4A3F016D72D7CC2CBCE34">Author</mods:roleTerm>
</mods:role>
<mods:namePart id="E08DAE1823D0515E619DF4738C4F971D">Wagner, Warren L.</mods:namePart>
<mods:nameIdentifier id="83873E0D00A41B7D9F4BBD63A9A7C827" type="ORCID">0000-0001-5012-8422</mods:nameIdentifier>
<mods:affiliation id="7B8BC73A71CFB536385EDA6B408C60AC">Department of Botany, National Museum of Natural History, Smithsonian Institution, P. O. Box 37012, MRC 166, Washington, DC 20013 - 7012, USA</mods:affiliation>
</mods:name>
<mods:typeOfResource id="D547EDF70DA0975B96CAD0EC6A42E44C">text</mods:typeOfResource>
<mods:relatedItem id="ACB1562997C8207B77D7FEE4CDA0B863" type="host">
<mods:titleInfo id="D32BC90C48B11179F739559F27839BC7">
<mods:title id="5E915DE6D64E155B6BD830ADEF4A32DB">PhytoKeys</mods:title>
</mods:titleInfo>
<mods:part id="2CADF123641DB3C926B38338973D2722">
<mods:date id="A2B35CABB662A732E4D5F13A430A46D5">2024</mods:date>
<mods:detail id="74C2B376C2D910A44D54ED2330AE6632" type="pubDate">
<mods:number id="0D9E39ADFF636CB224B59DF57A768180">2024-06-19</mods:number>
</mods:detail>
<mods:detail id="4302F1DD9D6A7E04F74C24E74AF0C406" type="volume">
<mods:number id="5F605F0D37139B6CDC62D50815FAA55E">243</mods:number>
</mods:detail>
<mods:extent id="2DD28AB7515DF0939C331289EC4543F9" unit="page">
<mods:start id="A19D74FC7CCE49A5F322DA9588F880B5">47</mods:start>
<mods:end id="E693D48BCC68F387E4A067E14B4C24CB">61</mods:end>
</mods:extent>
</mods:part>
</mods:relatedItem>
<mods:classification id="241F7319D0D8137F10B00367E84C8895">journal article</mods:classification>
<mods:identifier id="00DA825F44389A5BC706D3E44316C6D2" type="CLB-Dataset">298666</mods:identifier>
<mods:identifier id="00EDFCFD18D7A07A231D6A1784398579" type="DOI">10.3897/phytokeys.243.123694</mods:identifier>
<mods:identifier id="2DA385BCABD28954D4D6DADF3B23C243" type="GBIF-Dataset">6630ddf9-efde-4972-8cb2-d2e4719f1c71</mods:identifier>
</mods:mods>
<treatment id="9326BFA3597F5B1987B75D966111C5CE" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.12172792" ID-GBIF-Taxon="233234020" ID-Zenodo-Dep="12172792" ID-arpha="9326BFA3-597F-5B19-87B7-5D966111C5CE" ID-ipni="urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:77343738-1" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:9326BFA3597F5B1987B75D966111C5CE" LSID-IPNI="urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:77343738-1" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/9326BFA3597F5B1987B75D966111C5CE">
<subSubSection id="FC54ECEDC6FF9EAEFA68739BAE09E7C4" type="nomenclature">
<paragraph id="90B3AD2195B1BC2C507A7047702BB2D8">
<taxonomicName id="74299529918E210B8E386A5DF3CC728E" authority="Lorence &amp; K. R. Wood" authorityName="Lorence &amp; K. R. Wood" authorityYear="2024" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Primulaceae" genus="Myrsine" kingdom="Plantae" order="Ericales" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="cirrhosa" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="9C6B56DC44FFD881B0EAD401CE14002E" italics="true">Myrsine cirrhosa</emphasis>
Lorence &amp; K. R. Wood
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="561C198A5B7C37C234639D3E951B523F" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="09AE58A01496482CA1D71524E29AA482" type="description">
<paragraph id="8B8E1F3CD71459DFABA83D8814C419F8">
<figureCitation id="0C2A26062642EA3B5DEC6934D3AAAB28" captionStart="Figure 2" captionStartId="F2" captionText="Figure 2. Myrsine cirrhosa Lorence &amp; K. R. Wood A habit, fruiting branch B leaf showing cirrhose apex and detail of intramarginal venation C inflorescence in bud D inflorescence, flowers at anthesis E flower at anthesis, view from apex F flower at anthesis, view from base G pistil H mature drupe. A, B drawn from Wood et al. 835 (PTBG), C drawn from Wood &amp; Query 12824 (PTBG), D – G drawn from Wood et al. 18139 (PTBG), H drawn from Perlman &amp; Wood 12747 (PTBG). Illustration by Robin Jess." figureDoi="10.3897/phytokeys.243.123694.figure2" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1074212">Figs 2</figureCitation>
, 
<figureCitation id="9141ACF3EF54FC277C05B315F4748677" captionStart="Figure 3" captionStartId="F3" captionText="Figure 3. Myrsine cirrhosa A habit showing leaves with characteristic undulate margins and cirrhose apex (from Kamo‘oloa headwater below Kapalaoa Kaua‘i, Wood &amp; Query 12824) B twig with leaves and flowers (from Wai‘ahi, Kaua‘i Wood 18139) C open exposed wind-swept summit ridges of Wai‘ale‘ale, Kaua‘i representing the habitat for Myrsine cirrhosa. All photos by K. R. Wood." figureDoi="10.3897/phytokeys.243.123694.figure3" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1074213">3 A, B</figureCitation>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="SECID0EHJAE" type="diagnosis">
<paragraph id="C27574CDDCB255B32B371A2B83D014F2">
<heading id="F5917B3E52E795D8EB4C18DF3EB404E0" reason="title">Diagnosis.</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="6467AA4875BE7D8D929AC665D4CB3826">
<taxonomicName id="5DA4189E19BDCF1911EB17019159314C" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Primulaceae" genus="Myrsine" kingdom="Plantae" order="Ericales" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="cirrhosa">
<emphasis id="574E3D930B01C3101B678E6E6CC7FAA0" italics="true">Myrsine cirrhosa</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
is most similar morphologically to both 
<taxonomicName id="912AA23ECC987F73B0CF9A3FD0A50A03" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Primulaceae" genus="Myrsine" kingdom="Plantae" order="Ericales" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="helleri">
<emphasis id="4A22C08852E747C443FFFA30AB2EEC67" italics="true">M. helleri</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and 
<taxonomicName id="2A19F01589F3CCE4F19E438D972A6CFF" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Primulaceae" genus="Myrsine" kingdom="Plantae" order="Ericales" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="fosbergii">
<emphasis id="CF8860135C4643FF6F8364D4A1FAA021" italics="true">M. fosbergii</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, from which it differs by its longer petals and leaves with a combination of strongly undulate margins and tendril-like, cirrhose apex.
</paragraph>
<caption id="D9AFD9300CFACDF71586D2171095FDB5" ID-DOI="10.3897/phytokeys.243.123694.figure2" ID-arpha="9E478771-072C-5D54-B353-1B7F981095CB" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1074212" startId="F2">
<paragraph id="D1A9238BEBAA5F58260FFB728FE12928">
<label id="AE41A29B8D53EC594B7AE528841EBA07">Figure 2.</label>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="D83A48FDBF9422E7919E344E7937F5C8">
<taxonomicName id="ADD26A7C93396381FB58223627521A4D" authority="Lorence &amp; K. R. Wood A" authorityName="Lorence &amp; K. R. Wood A" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Primulaceae" genus="Myrsine" kingdom="Plantae" order="Ericales" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="cirrhosa">
<emphasis id="883F8DAB7DDCEBE0EA9E055E58651A94" italics="true">Myrsine cirrhosa</emphasis>
Lorence &amp; K. R. Wood 
<emphasis id="36021C5DC3D64C988EB70295740331F4" bold="true">A</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
habit, fruiting branch 
<emphasis id="E240527FF0602F815F5A78D831DA671C" bold="true">B</emphasis>
leaf showing cirrhose apex and detail of intramarginal venation 
<emphasis id="B2F69207B0FDD5E14CF8BCDF95A7C854" bold="true">C</emphasis>
inflorescence in bud 
<emphasis id="46543D335A9031453D57DFB3225C97DC" bold="true">D</emphasis>
inflorescence, flowers at anthesis 
<emphasis id="59ECC57E0894D8F3343808BE206374E3" bold="true">E</emphasis>
flower at anthesis, view from apex 
<emphasis id="7342382A7EC375AB82B4E373992F0BE2" bold="true">F</emphasis>
flower at anthesis, view from base 
<emphasis id="C5E966A5BAC67613EFE28A637CF236C6" bold="true">G</emphasis>
pistil 
<emphasis id="C914472482C409C74F281EF58B44219A" bold="true">H</emphasis>
mature drupe. 
<emphasis id="BB1CF1121518599289851EF528186FFD" bold="true">A, B</emphasis>
drawn from 
<emphasis id="0F0AB68729B78C6DD07F4F5D77ED1C8B" italics="true">Wood et al. 835</emphasis>
(PTBG), 
<emphasis id="968F652EF38023E922F5C5619D578AB1" bold="true">C</emphasis>
drawn from 
<emphasis id="8920BC4DB54B7D86F2FB0A425E52B94B" italics="true">Wood &amp; Query 12824</emphasis>
(PTBG), 
<emphasis id="F9D1082CCA13925FAE8342C5B57A026D" bold="true">D – G</emphasis>
drawn from 
<emphasis id="2EAB0305E4504F3148D6AB8D6396EC08" italics="true">Wood et al. 18139</emphasis>
(PTBG), 
<emphasis id="69F010D824D09C47473B46AE0043CB2B" bold="true">H</emphasis>
drawn from 
<emphasis id="21E1C2E1CBD387783DA40FFF9E6A9813" italics="true">Perlman &amp; Wood 12747</emphasis>
(PTBG). Illustration by Robin Jess.
</paragraph>
</caption>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="SECID0EGMAE" type="material">
<paragraph id="E09329BFCB0131B591FCDB4AD679B344">
<heading id="3CF4A4248C73D86477B0D2E7F94E9B7C" reason="title">Type.</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="519378D1E6955A0D848B0354FEC07A77">
<materialsCitation id="14C5ED1FB2DC51F21906BC5057863008" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="4895472301" collectingDate="1991-05-15" collectionCode="BISH, MO, NY, UC, US" collectorName="K. R. Wood" country="United States of America" county="Kaua'i" elevation="930" latitude="21.99" location="Kapalaoa" longLatPrecision="757" longitude="-159.5" municipality="Lihu'e District" specimenCount="2" stateProvince="Hawaiian Islands" typeStatus="holotype">
<emphasis id="4FD028543F201DC64F7A8C8C50272712" bold="true">
<collectingCountry id="999836646F8C9B46E083CE58B1BF2F72" name="United States of America">USA</collectingCountry>
. 
<collectingRegion id="64301123149BB1D164D9DD59599E9BE1">Hawaiian Islands</collectingRegion>
: 
<collectingCounty id="9E94E023AD73E11842A24DA649CDC2AB">Kaua‘i</collectingCounty>
</emphasis>
: 
<collectingMunicipality id="1ACC159E4E2F6AACB25870AC8E3D399D">Līhu‘e District</collectingMunicipality>
, 
<location id="5641E435C1C305A4C4413427ABCCE58B" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:9326BFA3597F5B1987B75D966111C5CE:5641E435C1C305A4C4413427ABCCE58B" country="United States of America" county="Kaua'i" latitude="21.99" longLatPrecision="757" longitude="-159.5" municipality="Lihu'e District" name="Kapalaoa" stateProvince="Hawaiian Islands">Kapalaoa</location>
, peak north of Wahiawa drainage, 
<named-content content-type="dwc:verbatimCoordinates" id="NCID0ERMAE" specific-use="{&quot;type&quot;:&quot;Point&quot;,&quot;coordinates&quot;:[-159.500000,21.990000]}">
<geoCoordinate id="68EC2D52DAA1F01C4AB40E90076BCD75" degrees="21.99" direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="555" value="21.99">21.99 N</geoCoordinate>
; - 
<geoCoordinate id="18A1F4BF6DD54D9680D55A82633C0099" degrees="159.50" direction="west" orientation="longitude" precision="555" value="-159.5">159.50 W</geoCoordinate>
</named-content>
, 
<quantity id="8BD8CE2E62E18B5AF108B73F41550B1B" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="9.3" unit="m" value="930.0">
<elevation id="84972EBA8A3D153B38DF51FA13EC74AB" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="9.3" unit="m" value="930.0">930 m</elevation>
</quantity>
elev., 
<date id="F4DAFB66F43C0CC1CF31E484BE2D742A" value="1991-05-15">
<collectingDate id="D156520333CB5B7EC9BA7042ADBD4D19" value="1991-05-15">15 May 1991</collectingDate>
</date>
, 
<emphasis id="7A94884E9DE2F4E11A8EB6E7C7F8090B" italics="true">
<collectorName id="4B80BE77774BE725F65BB2A3450D58B1">K. R. Wood</collectorName>
et al. 835
</emphasis>
, (
<typeStatus id="7AAD35408B418A98FFC18088DDCC7781" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
: PTBG-barcode 1000096825; 
<typeStatus id="5B1B019863DE38EB4874B155F22AC292" type="isotype">isotypes</typeStatus>
(to be distributed): 
<collectionCode id="641185542674FEB87C229773ECD5DD78" country="USA" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15708" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15708" name="Bishop Museum, Botany Division" type="Herbarium">BISH</collectionCode>
, 
<collectionCode id="CD0586F3E2FF5CAF5F3B020AA66FC802" country="USA" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15859" name="Missouri Botanical Garden" type="Herbarium">MO</collectionCode>
, 
<collectionCode id="3ADDBC7238E8A839A8F37A78F9107A86" country="USA" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15556" name="William and Lynda Steere Herbarium of the New York Botanical Garden" type="Herbarium">NY</collectionCode>
, 
<collectionCode id="7C0228C8D08A5D73DF0F37636C434F65" country="USA" name="Upjohn Culture Collection">UC</collectionCode>
, 
<collectionCode id="72C70892D4DC250C506014BCD347FBFD" country="South Africa" name="University of Stellenbosch">US</collectionCode>
)
</materialsCitation>
.
</paragraph>
<caption id="561E45829271A7A1DBDAB6350C6D959E" ID-DOI="10.3897/phytokeys.243.123694.figure3" ID-arpha="8FB1E3CB-BF2D-5364-8A4A-87472EEB3A9A" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1074213" startId="F3">
<paragraph id="55ED432902E7F612A284C03E2A2B9A93">
<label id="EAA6D6F8A147530A6DEF16FB4D7758BA">Figure 3.</label>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="47C292B59ADE73ADF9BE706D1CE4544C">
<taxonomicName id="1939406D869F6D5EFD4C1F1CEFE9641F" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Primulaceae" genus="Myrsine" kingdom="Plantae" order="Ericales" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="cirrhosa">
<emphasis id="B1AE2A21AC0CA1D305AD2FC060590EA1" italics="true">Myrsine cirrhosa</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<emphasis id="D22F262645326C738CA492602461D4E0" bold="true">A</emphasis>
habit showing leaves with characteristic undulate margins and cirrhose apex (from Kamo‘oloa headwater below Kapalaoa Kaua‘i, 
<emphasis id="154CE738729ABBBC93E17F2D46E7F49D" italics="true">Wood &amp; Query 12824</emphasis>
) 
<emphasis id="06CA592727E3B617990A1905391CCFE1" bold="true">B</emphasis>
twig with leaves and flowers (from Wai‘ahi, Kaua‘i 
<emphasis id="A2725FAECB433C6F0ADF4AE8ECD5C18C" italics="true">Wood 18139</emphasis>
) 
<emphasis id="23D371EE1B3E0B0D499B2F55B34EAF5A" bold="true">C</emphasis>
open exposed wind-swept summit ridges of Wai‘ale‘ale, Kaua‘i representing the habitat for 
<taxonomicName id="23ADDC5ED0B95B39310A12AAD9AA36C3" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Primulaceae" genus="Myrsine" kingdom="Plantae" order="Ericales" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="cirrhosa">
<emphasis id="18949465B10A0A69DA9E5862E4090AEB" italics="true">Myrsine cirrhosa</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
. All photos by K. R. Wood.
</paragraph>
</caption>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="SECID0EFOAE" type="description">
<paragraph id="5E28E7A8C8386639B10C02976D575911">
<heading id="C44B74B3FB2547DA146A1CFBCDBE749C" reason="title">Description.</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="B0BB11FC3D11590B6E2B707806DB798F">
Moderately branched shrubs 
<quantity id="382D883757D2928FA5160EDFFFEF8DA7" metricMagnitude="0" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.35" metricValueMax="2.0" metricValueMin="0.7" unit="m" value="1.35" valueMax="2.0" valueMin="0.7">0.7–2 m</quantity>
tall; branches slender, glabrous, erect-spreading, bark brown or with orange- to reddish-brown tinge. 
<emphasis id="ACCB871FF8BD2D9EAC4FB019413D99A4" bold="true" italics="true">Leaves</emphasis>
clustered towards branch tips, blades linear-lanceolate to linear-elliptic, 4–8 (– 10.5) cm long, 
<quantity id="510FFB829DAA8E9FC96C42F081C97FEE" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.2" metricValueMax="1.5" metricValueMin="0.9" unit="cm" value="1.2" valueMax="1.5" valueMin="0.9">0.9–1.5 cm</quantity>
wide, glabrous, adaxial surface medium green, yellow-green near base, not or sparsely black punctate, sometimes with longitudinal black streaks, abaxial surface light green, usually with several inconspicuous parallel black streaks 2.5–3.0 cm long on either side of the costa, not or scarcely black punctate, costa scarcely raised above, prominulous below, secondary veins 9–12 on each side, higher order venation conspicuously reticulate, venation prominulous on both surfaces especially below, submarginal vein present, margins entire, revolute and slightly thickened, strongly undulate in distal 2 / 3–3 / 4, apex long-acuminate, curved and hooked, base narrowly cuneate, subsessile, tapering to a winged petiole (1 –) 
<quantity id="25FACB338624389A715220422AF8BFA0" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.0" metricValueMax="5.0" metricValueMin="3.0" unit="mm" value="4.0" valueMax="5.0" valueMin="3.0">3–5 mm</quantity>
long. 
<emphasis id="AB47F7559B4177B83C1BFAF941514AC3" bold="true" italics="true">Flowers</emphasis>
apparently perfect, 
<quantity id="581A59D4B198AABDBB3A3A8842BDE548" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.397" metricValueMax="1.778" metricValueMin="1.016" unit="in" value="5.5" valueMax="7.0" valueMin="4.0">4–7 in</quantity>
bracteate fascicles in leaf axils or occasionally on leafless nodes, bracts broadly ovate-triangular, ca. 
<quantity id="8D7B525E60921941BBC74720BB57C758" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.8" unit="mm" value="1.8">1.8 mm</quantity>
long, 
<quantity id="DF72DB7FBD4F7CCAEF7C091C6D35396A" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.5" unit="mm" value="1.5">1.5 mm</quantity>
wide, margins erose; pedicels 
<quantity id="7BEA8DA1B085B567DA7B863760C5E32E" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="6.0" metricValueMax="7.0" metricValueMin="5.0" unit="mm" value="6.0" valueMax="7.0" valueMin="5.0">5–7 mm</quantity>
long, glabrous; calyx lobes 1.5–2.0 mm long, 
<quantity id="EDABDEC8633BCD93638F408AB7C56E67" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.0" metricValueMax="1.1" metricValueMin="0.9" unit="mm" value="1.0" valueMax="1.1" valueMin="0.9">0.9–1.1 mm</quantity>
wide, triangular-ovate, glabrous, black-streaked, margins entire; petals linear-elliptic or linear-lanceolate, 
<quantity id="5CF9C7963947AF6CF3D1D209DC2622E2" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.5" metricValueMax="5.0" metricValueMin="4.0" unit="mm" value="4.5" valueMax="5.0" valueMin="4.0">4–5 mm</quantity>
long, 
<quantity id="AFA971B28D6C9E951FBE796CA1A621A1" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.4" metricValueMax="1.5" metricValueMin="1.3" unit="mm" value="1.4" valueMax="1.5" valueMin="1.3">1.3–1.5 mm</quantity>
wide, black-streaked, apex acute, margins slightly incurved, finely glandular ciliate towards apex; anthers 
<quantity id="3E7B9761144F72FCCFB13E356F563831" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.6" metricValueMax="1.7" metricValueMin="1.5" unit="mm" value="1.6" valueMax="1.7" valueMin="1.5">1.5–1.7 mm</quantity>
long, apex with slightly hooked appendage, glabrous; ovary ovoid, 1.0– 
<quantity id="76A783CD6F7D518CD678541F99D29C5D" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.5" unit="mm" value="1.5">1.5 mm</quantity>
long including the capitate stigma 
<quantity id="D94C8E5D0F095FAD8BBF28FBF39DDABF" metricMagnitude="-4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="6.499999999999999" metricValueMax="7.0" metricValueMin="6.0" unit="mm" value="0.6499999999999999" valueMax="0.7" valueMin="0.6">0.6–0.7 mm</quantity>
wide. 
<emphasis id="1756E0076560FD9C7EF8054E1A457305" bold="true" italics="true">Drupes</emphasis>
longitudinally dark streaked when immature, when ripe purple-black, globose, 
<quantity id="D2116EFA9E9455B185F12AA3FC2AD3CA" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="7.5" metricValueMax="8.0" metricValueMin="7.0" unit="mm" value="7.5" valueMax="8.0" valueMin="7.0">7–8 mm</quantity>
in diameter, glabrous; pedicel 
<quantity id="69A7F26BF2364E982E9A2350BFC5E956" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="6.0" metricValueMax="7.0" metricValueMin="5.0" unit="mm" value="6.0" valueMax="7.0" valueMin="5.0">5–7 mm</quantity>
long.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="SECID0EUOAE" type="etymology">
<paragraph id="F73CEDDEC4E45AEC3B0B6DA689B7C2B9">
<heading id="591150331F29A23BE41EFB6830A0F301" reason="title">Etymology.</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="F28BDDD7A78CC7EC7AE1DC1E1AD6DA78">Specific epithet refers to the curved or hooked, tendril-like leaf apices. However, the plant is shrubby and non-climbing.</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="SECID0EZOAE" type="material">
<paragraph id="464D5B5874B20870D4BF436AF02854A8">
<heading id="43F170DA21D39359589860C34B043206" reason="title">Specimens examined</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="5CDC2779F3F7CC15BBE9039A4CF8DB37">
<materialsCitation id="AB00BDA4A79F3A77562BBEF8715E66FC" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="4895472306" collectingDate="1992-05-02" collectionCode="BISH, PTBG" collectorName="K. R. Wood" country="United States of America" county="Hanalei District" elevation="1524" location="Wai'ale'ale summit area" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Hawaiian Islands, Kaua'i" typeStatus="paratype">
<emphasis id="B04B1DA70A8E8AA7AA6FC754B1F065BE" bold="true">
(
<emphasis id="E52C6F2C32B9D29C9EDD5BC36D19C28A" bold="true" italics="true">
<typeStatus id="0D895A566B223600D6AC75E3EE9011D6" type="paratype">paratypes</typeStatus>
</emphasis>
). 
<collectingCountry id="61EA17158030D1CAFB3384EF53AA4FD8" name="United States of America">USA</collectingCountry>
, 
<collectingRegion id="C07B8F4AEA917633BBCC31D54C38A31D">Hawaiian Islands, Kaua‘i</collectingRegion>
</emphasis>
: 
<collectingCounty id="907DF6620BE3764CE37A5A8442A35528">Hanalei District</collectingCounty>
, 
<location id="BFA918A31B7560868B227BD595499D19" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:9326BFA3597F5B1987B75D966111C5CE:BFA918A31B7560868B227BD595499D19" country="United States of America" county="Hanalei District" name="Wai'ale'ale summit area" stateProvince="Hawaiian Islands, Kaua'i">Wai‘ale‘ale summit area</location>
, 
<quantity id="A9D026827BBD81EECFD735B21B5C7A35" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.524" unit="m" value="1524.0">
<elevation id="FE178609E752630CF174F55BB0190E59" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.524" unit="m" value="1524.0">1524 m</elevation>
</quantity>
elev., 
<date id="41A4C76CCF7C09923FF5C7D95902E48C" value="1992-05-02">
<collectingDate id="F2CCFCFF29C4D8082F848EC468F8920B" value="1992-05-02">2 May 1992</collectingDate>
</date>
, 
<emphasis id="8A1F642CF466108E60B850B6ABD8C256" italics="true">
<collectorName id="6E5D453FCFD635EDA68910B68727F3B3">K. R. Wood</collectorName>
et al. 1846
</emphasis>
(
<collectionCode id="8BD72C8B63FEC8420C54B19523B82B94" country="USA" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15708" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15708" name="Bishop Museum, Botany Division" type="Herbarium">BISH</collectionCode>
, 
<collectionCode id="0851AB0F0489B84D03A33CD7E11583F9" country="USA" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15544" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15544" name="National Tropical Botanical Garden" type="Herbarium">PTBG</collectionCode>
)
</materialsCitation>
; 
<materialsCitation id="66A5ABDACCDCBDF22069E09C4AA0329C" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="4895472312" collectingDate="1992-05-02" collectionCode="PTBG" collectorName="S. Perlman &amp; K. R. Wood" elevation="1524" specimenCount="1">
<quantity id="AF8C743779B0EBA17B30567A58CFA857" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.524" unit="m" value="1524.0">
<elevation id="C8DAD5EE61ACAB43382A0F23562BB9BB" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.524" unit="m" value="1524.0">1524 m</elevation>
</quantity>
elev., 
<date id="8236672B51413CCE97D6325DF2653849" value="1992-05-02">
<collectingDate id="9616EC94F678DB7A3BAF7E1AC3AEB9C0" value="1992-05-02">2 May 1992</collectingDate>
</date>
, 
<emphasis id="EACBEB3788BB1E0F76EB6931424C6BFE" italics="true">
<collectorName id="9DB91CBF12A65619AD3EBA9A9A9F8381">S. Perlman</collectorName>
&amp; 
<collectorName id="0E6B19FDB1E0570E45EFA9C6CB38AEA4">K. R. Wood</collectorName>
12747
</emphasis>
(
<collectionCode id="F3547B9209E8AC364A9BA0F153ADF9F4" country="USA" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15544" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15544" name="National Tropical Botanical Garden" type="Herbarium">PTBG</collectionCode>
)
</materialsCitation>
; 
<materialsCitation id="82078845E4746F1480DD9835AE3AD0FB" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="4895472313" collectingDate="1994-12-28" collectionCode="BISH, PTBG" collectorName="K. R. Wood" elevation="1524" specimenCount="1">
<quantity id="B2CB1AB2DA8EE3A60D5480D3A1F6ADEC" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.524" unit="m" value="1524.0">
<elevation id="A983CF46168A338FBC341C50F54CF9E7" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.524" unit="m" value="1524.0">1524 m</elevation>
</quantity>
elev., 
<date id="C9DF1157890028C641A10391E8D6AAC4" value="1994-12-28">
<collectingDate id="FCA02F4073EF773242F716AB72AEEADB" value="1994-12-28">28 Dec 1994</collectingDate>
</date>
, 
<emphasis id="47A68309F230AB7B8D1ED5D4970E13C4" italics="true">
<collectorName id="E3522B93F8CD030F2C0CBC9E9C5254DF">K. R. Wood</collectorName>
3896
</emphasis>
(
<collectionCode id="6288415CC5DEBEC01CE040740C5243D2" country="USA" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15708" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15708" name="Bishop Museum, Botany Division" type="Herbarium">BISH</collectionCode>
, 
<collectionCode id="892D2AC745AFC0B19ED34300E3BDF5B0" country="USA" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15544" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15544" name="National Tropical Botanical Garden" type="Herbarium">PTBG</collectionCode>
)
</materialsCitation>
; 
<materialsCitation id="D94ECDDB4298084C2FCFC827732963B1" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="4895472310" collectingDate="1994-12-29" collectionCode="PTBG, US" collectorName="S. Perlman" elevation="1487" specimenCount="1">
<quantity id="699F43A29F430E189874553E43B3A049" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.4869999999999999" unit="m" value="1487.0">
<elevation id="65643E15411722692FEB8D264ACEB4A9" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.4869999999999999" unit="m" value="1487.0">1487 m</elevation>
</quantity>
elev., 
<date id="53DC43417F3B3A1E032EA6BDB5874680" value="1994-12-29">
<collectingDate id="A48B85A31046D3C2755D9B6B7D9B4346" value="1994-12-29">29 Dec 1994</collectingDate>
</date>
, 
<emphasis id="65E425F8183F1B394DC16E08AFD2B430" italics="true">
<collectorName id="59457E3F5F623983C961881C5BFC58C9">S. Perlman</collectorName>
et al. 14606
</emphasis>
(
<collectionCode id="B5C75FACBEB492B77B954673A70696E2" country="USA" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15544" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15544" name="National Tropical Botanical Garden" type="Herbarium">PTBG</collectionCode>
, 
<collectionCode id="1B1DABE58970297746846C373866870B" country="South Africa" name="University of Stellenbosch">US</collectionCode>
)
</materialsCitation>
; 
<materialsCitation id="26DF9566BE9B12B09867CBB750A827E7" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="4895472302" collectingDate="2005-12-30" collectionCode="PTBG, US" collectorName="K. R. Wood" elevation="1554" specimenCount="1">
<quantity id="6948E68A152DB10D4A2B51FA7D22EB52" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.554" unit="m" value="1554.0">
<elevation id="AADE2B3DDE42D24262D80BE3BF0EF2EF" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.554" unit="m" value="1554.0">1554 m</elevation>
</quantity>
elev., 
<date id="7297D83ECD9755AE018183227AE2AF10" value="2005-12-30">
<collectingDate id="2681FBF308157ECC40E3C538345B2E7A" value="2005-12-30">30 Dec 2005</collectingDate>
</date>
, 
<emphasis id="AB061584D996A587A1453C4361358B5F" italics="true">
<collectorName id="EBAC2BB283997E890379F614388CC41B">K. R. Wood</collectorName>
11662
</emphasis>
(
<collectionCode id="E617B6A36551B3A0127201350744C94D" country="USA" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15544" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15544" name="National Tropical Botanical Garden" type="Herbarium">PTBG</collectionCode>
, 
<collectionCode id="17F06506089FC4470280A4B7870EB3D1" country="South Africa" name="University of Stellenbosch">US</collectionCode>
)
</materialsCitation>
; 
<materialsCitation id="DDC193A670B4652695E447328F851330" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="4895472308" collectingDate="2005-12-30" collectionCode="BISH, PTBG" collectorName="K. R. Wood" elevation="1500" specimenCount="1">
<quantity id="5A8685676513052E1B20067B8511EFED" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.5" unit="m" value="1500.0">
<elevation id="3AD0293B329C048508D1BC551435C678" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.5" unit="m" value="1500.0">1500 m</elevation>
</quantity>
elev., 
<date id="40DC8EF03730D36BD1CD0C46A70050F0" value="2005-12-30">
<collectingDate id="65410BED483680A02630DED2B6345FFD" value="2005-12-30">30 Dec 2005</collectingDate>
</date>
, 
<emphasis id="081C5D779F84A81B93181CA763A77FAD" italics="true">
<collectorName id="335BF811C5E569844F2AAD4B8C16D5D4">K. R. Wood</collectorName>
11683
</emphasis>
(
<collectionCode id="389FB9B2A6AB7E0EB8B3845A55663A84" country="USA" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15708" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15708" name="Bishop Museum, Botany Division" type="Herbarium">BISH</collectionCode>
, 
<collectionCode id="2F15664BA574A1DEC2FB2BB9768B20AA" country="USA" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15544" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15544" name="National Tropical Botanical Garden" type="Herbarium">PTBG</collectionCode>
)
</materialsCitation>
; 
<materialsCitation id="DE85998A9E7754EAEABFA4043FD84DB7" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="4895472304" collectingDate="2013-12-06" collectionCode="BISH, PTBG" collectorName="A. Williams &amp; V. Caraway" elevation="1553" specimenCode="AMW 27" specimenCount="1">
<quantity id="6D8D4D14812E17A7FAC0D0353279FC27" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.553" unit="m" value="1553.0">
<elevation id="956B8F3053A6963753B6C5B208996CDB" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.553" unit="m" value="1553.0">1553 m</elevation>
</quantity>
elev., 
<date id="1EE2E446AE8333F1F6838861A9DB0BB3" value="2013-12-06">
<collectingDate id="F35A074F340E2C02741BAFDA8540DA12" value="2013-12-06">6 Dec 2013</collectingDate>
</date>
, 
<emphasis id="02E276C6870455D4866EB221052BA14E" italics="true">
<collectorName id="6F611720285F3B1E0FA0BCA27C69E5B8">A. Williams</collectorName>
&amp; 
<collectorName id="340E0D2990833E7CA5BD767BDB9A8F82">V. Caraway</collectorName>
<specimenCode id="0C0F2D90E232B39259264351D04CB519">AMW 27</specimenCode>
</emphasis>
(
<collectionCode id="02835EC55A798F849DD5D8167E9C4A93" country="USA" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15708" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15708" name="Bishop Museum, Botany Division" type="Herbarium">BISH</collectionCode>
, 
<collectionCode id="7C07BFF0D8F145C689D8E729F680BF6B" country="USA" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15544" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15544" name="National Tropical Botanical Garden" type="Herbarium">PTBG</collectionCode>
)
</materialsCitation>
; 
<materialsCitation id="31F1A1F0A6C472E6D1E151210D4E4BDC" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="4895472305" collectingDate="1996-10-04" collectionCode="PTBG" collectorName="K. R. Wood" elevation="975" location="Kamo'oloa headwater drainage below Kapalaoa" municipality="Lihue District" specimenCount="1">
<collectingMunicipality id="700429C31AD8CA79C20EF2DC7CB89F06">Lihue District</collectingMunicipality>
, 
<location id="938DDB17C12127C6296CF830C28A5D06" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:9326BFA3597F5B1987B75D966111C5CE:938DDB17C12127C6296CF830C28A5D06" municipality="Lihue District" name="Kamo'oloa headwater drainage below Kapalaoa">Kamo‘oloa headwater drainage below Kapalaoa</location>
, 
<quantity id="49C843F30EEEAA757D3E1241C31B067D" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="9.75" unit="m" value="975.0">
<elevation id="06B9CF2BAD54BFFA0BFE218755CB674A" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="9.75" unit="m" value="975.0">975 m</elevation>
</quantity>
elev., 
<date id="BE33687E3459D81EE8F87E973BAA9128" value="1996-10-04">
<collectingDate id="30A7986BD0850361FDC119224C076BAE" value="1996-10-04">4 Oct 1996</collectingDate>
</date>
, 
<emphasis id="A4C86F22E6E0CE451C64EAC795EDDC3B" italics="true">
<collectorName id="1D69EE841EA073DE948948BDBDEB1F78">K. R. Wood</collectorName>
5692
</emphasis>
(
<collectionCode id="C36351996EB6B8F548B1FFD8DAC701E0" country="USA" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15544" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15544" name="National Tropical Botanical Garden" type="Herbarium">PTBG</collectionCode>
)
</materialsCitation>
; 
<materialsCitation id="7CAB6EB23AA86F569EAA47DEB14CDC8E" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="4895472309" collectingDate="2008-02-21" collectionCode="BISH, PTBG" collectorName="K. R. Wood &amp; M. Query" elevation="905" specimenCount="1">
<quantity id="FC432709D1C1EE77714CDB778291D5C3" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="9.05" unit="m" value="905.0">
<elevation id="50C2000DB806C96DED8490A091BE44E5" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="9.05" unit="m" value="905.0">905 m</elevation>
</quantity>
elev., 
<date id="591F18574E259AD42ECD147FD0C6AB64" value="2008-02-21">
<collectingDate id="FC2E550461CED271F417DD9222BF280A" value="2008-02-21">21 Feb 2008</collectingDate>
</date>
, 
<emphasis id="A215BCCF6AB8AA18F6FE3A11282F5EBF" italics="true">
<collectorName id="95887692066FAA91743956F757EA4192">K. R. Wood</collectorName>
&amp; 
<collectorName id="2D0095C1F2685DAF648DBFF1DA1D4DF8">M. Query</collectorName>
12804
</emphasis>
(
<collectionCode id="E8892A71D775BC67C3A2AA6F96A153E3" country="USA" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15708" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15708" name="Bishop Museum, Botany Division" type="Herbarium">BISH</collectionCode>
, 
<collectionCode id="B9CCDBBE0B61B3BA6AE88AA21F11F8A9" country="USA" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15544" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15544" name="National Tropical Botanical Garden" type="Herbarium">PTBG</collectionCode>
)
</materialsCitation>
; 
<materialsCitation id="AC2B46ECE3C34E59B1E3B12D03C52D18" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="4895472303" collectingDate="2008-02-21" collectionCode="BISH, PTBG" collectorName="K. R. Wood &amp; M. Query" elevation="884" specimenCount="1">
<quantity id="C3A67E0C067378B32B22558F743646D0" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="8.84" unit="m" value="884.0">
<elevation id="9E530AD6189E943D878183BE068ED6A5" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="8.84" unit="m" value="884.0">884 m</elevation>
</quantity>
elev., 
<date id="AAFA3D03192E5FB9531C8893E7BE2BF8" value="2008-02-21">
<collectingDate id="E56620D79D5F7B27B8C4D23773026D78" value="2008-02-21">21 Feb 2008</collectingDate>
</date>
, 
<emphasis id="04A324A7D5AA843110DBA8865D3D2FB3" italics="true">
<collectorName id="EB1A7A1A5E31CC95F914D530214999EB">K. R. Wood</collectorName>
&amp; 
<collectorName id="98EE9BDE22E7E636399848CEB2B0B771">M. Query</collectorName>
12824
</emphasis>
(
<collectionCode id="4FCBB8D0DBEB4576198D8F652B5227B3" country="USA" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15708" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15708" name="Bishop Museum, Botany Division" type="Herbarium">BISH</collectionCode>
, 
<collectionCode id="73EC192ADABDA3D47A3B9F6E63BB6198" country="USA" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15544" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15544" name="National Tropical Botanical Garden" type="Herbarium">PTBG</collectionCode>
)
</materialsCitation>
; 
<materialsCitation id="09A48A7B7E74EFB6FF2CC450FC56DF61" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="4895472311" collectingDate="2019-04-04" collectionCode="NY, PTBG, UC" collectorName="K. R. Wood" elevation="790" location="upper central headwaters" municipality="Wai'ahi" specimenCount="1">
<collectingMunicipality id="EDD02F33A88F778023F4AD584CB44856">Wai‘ahi</collectingMunicipality>
, 
<location id="738CFA3A85084AB93A8C6F4D706C160F" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:9326BFA3597F5B1987B75D966111C5CE:738CFA3A85084AB93A8C6F4D706C160F" municipality="Wai'ahi" name="upper central headwaters">upper central headwaters</location>
, 
<quantity id="B481821E36CF494ACDA818896EFCA9ED" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="7.9" unit="m" value="790.0">
<elevation id="4B1632BB6AB7E78A01476DC35F96131F" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="7.9" unit="m" value="790.0">790 m</elevation>
</quantity>
elev., 
<date id="CBC8BB0392C8AC038969A416D776632C" value="2019-04-04">
<collectingDate id="EBEBE4661777ABEDB6359702A78722AD" value="2019-04-04">4 Apr 2019</collectingDate>
</date>
, 
<emphasis id="48BFE18987C682823795546C05E54F0B" italics="true">
<collectorName id="0F3A1C59B454E16D8E0EC99F41F2DD3E">K. R. Wood</collectorName>
et al. 18139
</emphasis>
(
<collectionCode id="B834F303FA212345203EDF3737224C22" country="USA" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15556" name="William and Lynda Steere Herbarium of the New York Botanical Garden" type="Herbarium">NY</collectionCode>
, 
<collectionCode id="DDD644BA44637C0CA573AF4032176527" country="USA" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15544" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15544" name="National Tropical Botanical Garden" type="Herbarium">PTBG</collectionCode>
, 
<collectionCode id="0D583F7B6E28FDCB8712138553060D03" country="USA" name="Upjohn Culture Collection">UC</collectionCode>
)
</materialsCitation>
; 
<materialsCitation id="53D23C742EC3E852A150C04BF0A6F1B0" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="4895472307" collectingDate="2013-11-25" collectionCode="BISH, CAS, PTBG" collectorName="K. R. Wood" elevation="884" location="upper northern headwaters" municipality="Wai'ahi" specimenCount="1">
<collectingMunicipality id="EB3D7AD2B7EC3D12F73CFBC03D99E9F2">Wai‘ahi</collectingMunicipality>
, 
<location id="FCE17C5D76CB601CFE06CB2EAAAEB31D" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:9326BFA3597F5B1987B75D966111C5CE:FCE17C5D76CB601CFE06CB2EAAAEB31D" municipality="Wai'ahi" name="upper northern headwaters">upper northern headwaters</location>
, 
<quantity id="C9637723BE627553B5B635F09B098B31" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="8.84" unit="m" value="884.0">
<elevation id="3D35DCC4352F3DDF042BE3E91A07E675" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="8.84" unit="m" value="884.0">884 m</elevation>
</quantity>
elev., 
<date id="F67695D94C905C8D324F8A92EBD90F84" value="2013-11-25">
<collectingDate id="9E63B64D8686D02C7E2541EF0265FCE7" value="2013-11-25">25 Nov 2013</collectingDate>
</date>
, 
<emphasis id="85F43984AA4D352788684239280A16CE" italics="true">
<collectorName id="46B95208A0FE4A11D712E104BE9CEC4E">K. R. Wood</collectorName>
et al. 15744
</emphasis>
(
<collectionCode id="C6133EBC9E4484CA806BA08AFC78E1E1" country="USA" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15708" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15708" name="Bishop Museum, Botany Division" type="Herbarium">BISH</collectionCode>
, 
<collectionCode id="FDFA4D188B74909195A87C7FAAB48DBD" country="USA" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15690" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34700" name="California Academy of Sciences" type="Museum">CAS</collectionCode>
, 
<collectionCode id="0327341DF113D50D20366C16B9992583" country="USA" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15544" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15544" name="National Tropical Botanical Garden" type="Herbarium">PTBG</collectionCode>
)
</materialsCitation>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="SECID0E3PAE" type="phenology">
<paragraph id="B967C3DD881E41248AE2EDA5AD769847">
<heading id="CC63B35B1582C8608C944EB288393C1E" reason="title">Phenology.</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="7BE9D42D5FEC55E330E7C870EC97E040">
<taxonomicName id="F5764F54C0211FDACBF88C717B4F0242" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Primulaceae" genus="Myrsine" kingdom="Plantae" order="Ericales" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="cirrhosa">
<emphasis id="B8DD154C25C7CBA6517CAB60AA8108BE" italics="true">Myrsine cirrhosa</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
has been collected with flowers from December to April, and with fruit in May and December.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="SECID0ENQAE" type="distribution">
<paragraph id="A711CACB7F842712AEEFB56D68A8B71C">
<heading id="9BE41C9580A27663D4846F5328FA1186" reason="title">Distribution and ecology.</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="4E4C657A276924771FEA2A3A680DFA29">
<taxonomicName id="A35BAC12EF66CAA656138DE54F162C7C" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Primulaceae" genus="Myrsine" kingdom="Plantae" order="Ericales" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="cirrhosa">
<emphasis id="9D34C28B2969FB57562FCF53ED4A3D2C" italics="true">Myrsine cirrhosa</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
has only been documented along the central windward summit ridges and peaks of Kaua‘i, preferring lowland to predominantly montane wet ecosystems at 
<quantity id="741C34ABF730538B79B90A5EBCB76223" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.169" metricValueMax="1.554" metricValueMin="0.784" unit="m" value="1169.0" valueMax="1554.0" valueMin="784.0">784–1554 m</quantity>
(
<quantity id="B9284A4666DE019BB04B55084430FAFD" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.1689079999999998" metricValueMax="1.5538704" metricValueMin="0.7839456" unit="ft" value="3835.0" valueMax="5098.0" valueMin="2572.0">2572–5098 ft</quantity>
) elevation (Fig. 
<figureCitation id="D20CB442ACEEEE65BF7D765D56EA65B8" captionStart="Figure 4" captionStartId="F4" captionText="Figure 4. Distribution map with dots representing known locations for three Myrsine species on Kaua‘i, Hawaiian Islands." figureDoi="10.3897/phytokeys.243.123694.figure4" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1074214">4</figureCitation>
). The two plant communities where the new species has been observed include open montane bogs and also exposed windswept ridges dominated by low statured shrubs and ferns. To date, only 45 plants of 
<taxonomicName id="CE94577942D1FFB78BEB2A6D7376DFDD" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Primulaceae" genus="Myrsine" kingdom="Plantae" order="Ericales" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="cirrhosa">
<emphasis id="FCA9283E0A8430DF141A2F7A139C13EB" italics="true">M. cirrhosa</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
have been documented, including ca. 20 plants within the summit bogs of Wai‘ale‘ale, renowned for being one of the wettest places on earth; ca. 20 plants in the general area of Kapalaoa peak and the very northern reaches of Wahiawa (ca. 
<quantity id="BA9CD2FE86C7DAC16519809B5BAD0AFE" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="9.0" unit="km" value="9.0">9 km</quantity>
to the south of Wai‘ale‘ale); and ca. five plants found midway between those peaks along the windswept ridges of Wai‘ahi.
</paragraph>
<caption id="D372D47BD39A21667B0DE7A3B7BBBDC9" ID-DOI="10.3897/phytokeys.243.123694.figure4" ID-arpha="98E5DA16-E231-54C0-ADAC-A7264D134E51" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1074214" startId="F4">
<paragraph id="9A40AD6FFADED9CD65DC7AC1642999F1">
<label id="A5ED0BC36501186F9C20BFE41B3420A3">Figure 4.</label>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="0A16EA4B1B0D14E39C828ED0137A49A6">
Distribution map with dots representing known locations for three 
<taxonomicName id="099440C1013513017C015ADDD43808B1">
<emphasis id="3C48C0532AEE6AB6BE164D28F9A1E36E" italics="true">Myrsine</emphasis>
species
</taxonomicName>
on Kaua‘i, Hawaiian Islands.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<paragraph id="A9AE7BC6ACC661C3B493BF9975DA20AF">
The open montane bog vegetation around the Wai‘ale‘ale population of 
<taxonomicName id="079B52E954A4A833A52BE3AA60862AB6" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Primulaceae" genus="Myrsine" kingdom="Plantae" order="Ericales" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="cirrhosa">
<emphasis id="263BAE3BFB5B3943868E25ADC77CAF28" italics="true">Myrsine cirrhosa</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
is characterised by gently contoured wet slopes dominated by a mixed composition of native sedges, grasses, herbs, shrubs and ferns. Generally, lichens and mosses are prevalent wherever pig disturbance is minimal. The low-stature vegetation (ca. &lt;
<quantity id="B8427EFFE8F2BA2F0B1713851D42C5C0" metricMagnitude="0" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.0" unit="m" value="1.0">1 m</quantity>
) of these open bogs is occasionally interspersed with small islands of taller (
<quantity id="761007A2FC7CD74FC1A66971BAF871A9" metricMagnitude="0" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.0" metricValueMax="5.0" metricValueMin="1.0" unit="m" value="3.0" valueMax="5.0" valueMin="1.0">1–5 m</quantity>
) shrubs and trees or dissected with headwater streams of riparian vegetation bordered with forest dominated by species of 
<taxonomicName id="89E1E7EA12620D0A2C0929B70C814570" authority="Banks ex Gaertn." authorityName="Gaertn." class="Magnoliopsida" family="Myrtaceae" genus="Metrosideros" kingdom="Plantae" order="Myrtales" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="68220D3A241FD06E965A19F82BCB6BE3" italics="true">Metrosideros</emphasis>
Banks ex Gaertn.
</taxonomicName>
and 
<taxonomicName id="F8D3DB4A79B8665795C2519D8DE310F0" authority="Nutt. ex Seem. In" authorityName="Seem. In" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Araliaceae" genus="Cheirodendron" kingdom="Plantae" order="Apiales" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="F9339CD9930A4C4569AB51E12AC1D51A" italics="true">Cheirodendron</emphasis>
Nutt. ex Seem. In
</taxonomicName>
addition to the small stunted trees of 
<taxonomicName id="8A61DFAC79605D5E993114FC348CB90F" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Myrtaceae" genus="Metrosideros" kingdom="Plantae" order="Myrtales" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="92481D4BAEDE4FE04447DC531F9C4775" italics="true">Metrosideros</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and 
<taxonomicName id="83DBFD29E68CEE987E145ECF4EB4E62A" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Araliaceae" genus="Cheirodendron" kingdom="Plantae" order="Apiales" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="CAFC5BE397CBDBA9806EDC0AC27D9136" italics="true">Cheirodendron</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, these remote bogs are typically composed of endemic taxa, including grass and sedge genera such as 
<taxonomicName id="D7EA5F5DB4E4F87F3C7320DF8F4E63D2" class="Liliopsida" family="Cyperaceae" genus="Carex" kingdom="Plantae" order="Poales" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="D587205833CCDB3E85003313DCBF5E60" italics="true">Carex</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<collectionCode id="15005C53268FF06BCD4DE10B4425CB90" country="Netherlands" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15678" name="Nationaal Herbarium Nederland, Leiden University branch" type="Herbarium">L</collectionCode>
., 
<taxonomicName id="FDA75B8EC993B87B07120C54BB104E51" authority="P. Beauv." authorityName="P. Beauv." class="Liliopsida" family="Poaceae" genus="Deschampsia" kingdom="Plantae" order="Poales" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="DC028E864470EE8E79F43C98F51A33C3" italics="true">Deschampsia</emphasis>
P. Beauv.
</taxonomicName>
, 
<taxonomicName id="EDF5E2C097A24E19F99D4F4DA4875433" authority="(Hitchc. &amp; Chase) Gould" authorityName="Gould" baseAuthorityName="Hitchc. &amp; Chase" class="Liliopsida" family="Poaceae" genus="Dichanthelium" kingdom="Plantae" order="Poales" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="94C3FC0DBD4EAE2F74C59E0C84ABB49A" italics="true">Dichanthelium</emphasis>
(Hitchc. &amp; Chase) Gould
</taxonomicName>
, 
<taxonomicName id="25605360044021001A2D1D66E4D97E76" authority="J. R. Forst. &amp; G. Forst." authorityName="J. R. Forst. &amp; G. Forst." class="Liliopsida" family="Cyperaceae" genus="Gahnia" kingdom="Plantae" order="Poales" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="401BC07EDAA60B76C50BA2ECABCAA660" italics="true">Gahnia</emphasis>
J. R. Forst. &amp; G. Forst.
</taxonomicName>
, 
<taxonomicName id="4A0ED927AF8146D87864EB1ABD13169E" authority="Vahl" authorityName="Vahl" class="Liliopsida" family="Cyperaceae" genus="Machaerina" kingdom="Plantae" order="Poales" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="8B1A05210D8E47DB5B30154CE05C3EEC" italics="true">Machaerina</emphasis>
Vahl
</taxonomicName>
, 
<taxonomicName id="6D23870F479796050EA140F927DB6D0D" authority="R. Br." authorityName="R. Br." class="Liliopsida" family="Cyperaceae" genus="Oreobolus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Poales" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="ED914CB88F6B6DDA503A2E85C81AF70F" italics="true">Oreobolus</emphasis>
R. Br.
</taxonomicName>
and 
<taxonomicName id="4B2DAE61C1DB14661AE04B43164F38D8" authority="Vahl." authorityName="Vahl." class="Liliopsida" family="Cyperaceae" genus="Rhynchospora" kingdom="Plantae" order="Poales" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="35AA19B12D0F24DB0C83F8F3CB4938B8" italics="true">Rhynchospora</emphasis>
Vahl.
</taxonomicName>
Genera of herbs and shrubs include 
<taxonomicName id="AF4072D124730ABB07CF459BBEDC96D3" authority="Banks &amp; Sol. ex R. Br." authorityName="R. Br." class="Liliopsida" family="Asteliaceae" genus="Astelia" kingdom="Plantae" order="Asparagales" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="7F00357989297BB9A12AF4EF4C7F9C70" italics="true">Astelia</emphasis>
Banks &amp; Sol. ex R. Br.
</taxonomicName>
, 
<taxonomicName id="64624EA33A02C082DB13296F5BC207B5" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Asteraceae" genus="Bidens" kingdom="Plantae" order="Asterales" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="64012000728B790EA00879E78DF80466" italics="true">Bidens</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<collectionCode id="C8B20B7C65F81CD0513371E9C1B406A0" country="Netherlands" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15678" name="Nationaal Herbarium Nederland, Leiden University branch" type="Herbarium">L</collectionCode>
., 
<taxonomicName id="DB050C4A7FB60F7178B814F0B4E0811F" authority="J. R. Forst. &amp; G. Forst." authorityName="J. R. Forst. &amp; G. Forst." class="Magnoliopsida" family="Rubiaceae" genus="Coprosma" kingdom="Plantae" order="Gentianales" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="07C5571493BE972B01B486F8945998B4" italics="true">Coprosma</emphasis>
J. R. Forst. &amp; G. Forst.
</taxonomicName>
, 
<taxonomicName id="650E2D344BEE8A8BEE797B04CAEAD4A3" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Droseraceae" genus="Drosera" kingdom="Plantae" order="Caryophyllales" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="F62FF0979CA3CD57FF49A4D8C37F84E5" italics="true">Drosera</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<collectionCode id="3CF3FADC63158B15E22F319A9F94C499" country="Netherlands" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15678" name="Nationaal Herbarium Nederland, Leiden University branch" type="Herbarium">L</collectionCode>
., 
<taxonomicName id="9FE716B06FDBF156353C3F219239FCBE" authority="Gaudich." authorityName="Gaudich." class="Magnoliopsida" family="Asteraceae" genus="Dubautia" kingdom="Plantae" order="Asterales" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="C3B598CF31BAB1F714BB992633F01542" italics="true">Dubautia</emphasis>
Gaudich.
</taxonomicName>
, 
<taxonomicName id="64CF56AB7045F64FE28AB2DDDF4D94D4" authority="J. R. Forst. &amp; G. Forst." authorityName="J. R. Forst. &amp; G. Forst." class="Magnoliopsida" family="Loganiaceae" genus="Geniostoma" kingdom="Plantae" order="Gentianales" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="2A0C8A0ECDE1D65AAC606440D7B374ED" italics="true">Geniostoma</emphasis>
J. R. Forst. &amp; G. Forst.
</taxonomicName>
, 
<taxonomicName id="A9CEEE9395C57B07EE16BD84CFA5EB8A" authority="Juss." authorityName="Juss." class="Magnoliopsida" family="Geraniaceae" genus="Geranium" kingdom="Plantae" order="Geraniales" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="CA4E38E35D8C42951A7C40CB2A5B4601" italics="true">Geranium</emphasis>
Juss.
</taxonomicName>
, 
<taxonomicName id="2B9C87FD63A8BC6CD447FAF7DAAB8E8D" authority="Cham. &amp; Schltdl." authorityName="Cham. &amp; Schltdl." class="Magnoliopsida" family="Rubiaceae" genus="Kadua" kingdom="Plantae" order="Gentianales" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="35A53B778F98BBB424B3BD5892BAAD72" italics="true">Kadua</emphasis>
Cham. &amp; Schltdl.
</taxonomicName>
, 
<taxonomicName id="D76D011B67125B61865616AAAE8F3A1D" authority="Lauterb." authorityName="Lauterb." class="Magnoliopsida" family="Asteraceae" genus="Keysseria" kingdom="Plantae" order="Asterales" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="EDBA4D6354232B6A2881C1EE59109121" italics="true">Keysseria</emphasis>
Lauterb.
</taxonomicName>
, 
<taxonomicName id="D69AC75D82BFB44D5DF0C1FD43D4E3A7" authority="J. R. Forst. &amp; G. Forst." authorityName="J. R. Forst. &amp; G. Forst." class="Magnoliopsida" family="Rutaceae" genus="Melicope" kingdom="Plantae" order="Sapindales" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="E130F2B7FA5CEC2E5AC58E59553F849B" italics="true">Melicope</emphasis>
J. R. Forst. &amp; G. Forst.
</taxonomicName>
, 
<taxonomicName id="BEAB9AB139CA98DBB9E08ED27FB52C45" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Primulaceae" genus="Myrsine" kingdom="Plantae" order="Ericales" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="4A53AE0166039E42E7344159DA5C826F" italics="true">Myrsine</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, 
<taxonomicName id="D3753B7658B7BC15E63A651EF1B42A32" authority="Banks ex Gaertn." authorityName="Gaertn." class="Magnoliopsida" family="Rubiaceae" genus="Nertera" kingdom="Plantae" order="Gentianales" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="6A914F492F7A105D5CD2F6AF6DB2FD0B" italics="true">Nertera</emphasis>
Banks ex Gaertn.
</taxonomicName>
, 
<taxonomicName id="D2102D99D6FEFEBBD40143184B1102F8" authority="Ruiz &amp; Pav." authorityName="Ruiz &amp; Pav." class="Magnoliopsida" family="Piperaceae" genus="Peperomia" kingdom="Plantae" order="Piperales" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="7F1979EF6866C8440B4E96B8A4958C91" italics="true">Peperomia</emphasis>
Ruiz &amp; Pav.
</taxonomicName>
, 
<taxonomicName id="61C637711404F215A359F87F75452F8C" authority="Kunth" authorityName="Kunth" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Dipentodontaceae" genus="Perrottetia" kingdom="Plantae" order="Huerteales" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="CA0A56D47EA6587D9840699F1A232129" italics="true">Perrottetia</emphasis>
Kunth
</taxonomicName>
, 
<taxonomicName id="1599D47B69309A97B86EE0E6BE57178E" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Plantaginaceae" genus="Plantago" kingdom="Plantae" order="Lamiales" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="7192B9CBFB6F80346BB1E43F894B797D" italics="true">Plantago</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<collectionCode id="09998CEAFF1DDAA9486671EB9CDB7876" country="Netherlands" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15678" name="Nationaal Herbarium Nederland, Leiden University branch" type="Herbarium">L</collectionCode>
., 
<taxonomicName id="CDC9130D676B1F7147567330D27D1213" authority="Benth." authorityName="Benth." class="Magnoliopsida" family="Lamiaceae" genus="Stenogyne" kingdom="Plantae" order="Lamiales" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="267BDD007844AC152581E15BC3898DF0" italics="true">Stenogyne</emphasis>
Benth.
</taxonomicName>
, 
<taxonomicName id="9A714C5FC98A401314357D6CE477E607" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Ericaceae" genus="Vaccinium" kingdom="Plantae" order="Ericales" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="EE5D322B415E69EBE957EEF9C9EB6329" italics="true">Vaccinium</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<collectionCode id="F5D17BBB5DC104A79922459BBDD174CA" country="Netherlands" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15678" name="Nationaal Herbarium Nederland, Leiden University branch" type="Herbarium">L</collectionCode>
. and 
<taxonomicName id="618624CC38B37F23D3B18ECEDB3F9D77" authority="L. Fern" authorityName="L. Fern" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Violaceae" genus="Viola" kingdom="Plantae" order="Malpighiales" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="2298AC8A50CACB41907FC5F7CC8DA944" italics="true">Viola</emphasis>
L. Fern
</taxonomicName>
genera typically include 
<taxonomicName id="102E1B8441352CB56058834DC8B8D337" authority="Gaudich." authorityName="Gaudich." class="Polypodiopsida" family="Polypodiaceae" genus="Adenophorus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Polypodiales" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="CD12F619DB0A65A0A0AAF44CF42ED1BA" italics="true">Adenophorus</emphasis>
Gaudich.
</taxonomicName>
, 
<taxonomicName id="4ED697DC84EF56B3BF66026EFB7904B6" class="Polypodiopsida" family="Aspleniaceae" genus="Asplenium" kingdom="Plantae" order="Polypodiales" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="678B5D701A7D9E047C5F721C4C20644E" italics="true">Asplenium</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<collectionCode id="DE64D9C6DAFD8E72DA080CE809E0A62D" country="Netherlands" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15678" name="Nationaal Herbarium Nederland, Leiden University branch" type="Herbarium">L</collectionCode>
., 
<taxonomicName id="D2E97710A58F08C51C82B32857175606" authority="Kaulf." authorityName="Kaulf." class="Polypodiopsida" family="Cibotiaceae" genus="Cibotium" kingdom="Plantae" order="Cyatheales" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="881E0AEA829A616A925477D9040A1394" italics="true">Cibotium</emphasis>
Kaulf.
</taxonomicName>
, 
<taxonomicName id="33987DC648337B6E657932766B64B4B0" authority="Adans." authorityName="Adans." class="Polypodiopsida" family="Dryopteridaceae" genus="Dryopteris" kingdom="Plantae" order="Polypodiales" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="C8CB4BF8AE2D848781BC124FE6ACB424" italics="true">Dryopteris</emphasis>
Adans.
</taxonomicName>
, 
<taxonomicName id="FCF334E420F8F5D69E0833A8E45A2C3A" authority="Schott ex J. Sm." authorityName="J. Sm." class="Polypodiopsida" family="Dryopteridaceae" genus="Elaphoglossum" kingdom="Plantae" order="Polypodiales" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B6D669D9F22D7B5EA1522F689347603C" italics="true">Elaphoglossum</emphasis>
Schott ex J. Sm.
</taxonomicName>
, 
<taxonomicName id="DF28FC5C4D4CCF79118AE7303F020FD4" authority="(C. Presl) Fee" authorityName="Fee" baseAuthorityName="C. Presl" class="Polypodiopsida" family="Lindsaeaceae" genus="Odontosoria" kingdom="Plantae" order="Polypodiales" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="7E34A23755377A2FDB6F4C2777242B8D" italics="true">Odontosoria</emphasis>
(C. Presl) Fée
</taxonomicName>
, 
<taxonomicName id="07DE307C2E9B43B6A2BBC50573B6A977" authority="Bernh." authorityName="Bernh." class="Lycopodiopsida" family="Lycopodiaceae" genus="Huperzia" kingdom="Plantae" order="Lycopodiales" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="494D94D66078057BB035BD81194EA965" italics="true">Huperzia</emphasis>
Bernh.
</taxonomicName>
and 
<taxonomicName id="36118A2E9F2D3EDF85E0126BCEB9B758" authority="Kaulf." authorityName="Kaulf." class="Polypodiopsida" family="Blechnaceae" genus="Sadleria" kingdom="Plantae" order="Polypodiales" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="881AD787AD8A99413F951EC4DC19B528" italics="true">Sadleria</emphasis>
Kaulf.
</taxonomicName>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8C5165D981808B39F7582D273DEDCBA7">
Exposed windswept ridges where individuals of 
<taxonomicName id="80B8A63F611265E9DBFA9352FC054748" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Primulaceae" genus="Myrsine" kingdom="Plantae" order="Ericales" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="cirrhosa">
<emphasis id="7381AA6C1E8985766AE66D36D70BC279" italics="true">Myrsine cirrhosa</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
have been observed at the Kapalaoa, Wahiawa and Wai‘ahi sites are also dominated by endemic tree species of 
<taxonomicName id="53EA867B80282A422A122A7CCFD3823B" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Myrtaceae" genus="Metrosideros" kingdom="Plantae" order="Myrtales" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="638F091C73DA5EAEC9C410A41E3F3866" italics="true">Metrosideros</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and 
<taxonomicName id="CE55576DB0654B9E3338A948C01704EA" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Araliaceae" genus="Cheirodendron" kingdom="Plantae" order="Apiales" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="71F201EA3A089806083598F3B5531654" italics="true">Cheirodendron</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
along with other shrub and tree genera, such as 
<taxonomicName id="EDDAEA29D89253ED00F2680AD8465572" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Asteraceae" genus="Dubautia" kingdom="Plantae" order="Asterales" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="32A66A40E5592240BE8CE1F9E3D88E95" italics="true">Dubautia</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, 
<taxonomicName id="83EE64D73F1269EF98B834648AE83AF9" authority="Gronov." authorityName="Gronov." class="Magnoliopsida" family="Hydrangeaceae" genus="Hydrangea" kingdom="Plantae" order="Cornales" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="2CCFC9ACE4AB57C53727302A83B5CA8C" italics="true">Hydrangea</emphasis>
Gronov.
</taxonomicName>
ex 
<collectionCode id="A41A1E5E1B03A00021E25B1BD5A95016" country="Netherlands" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15678" name="Nationaal Herbarium Nederland, Leiden University branch" type="Herbarium">L</collectionCode>
., 
<taxonomicName id="84BC4DAF5BACEAAE146E75285DC5D3E1" authority="Tourn." authorityName="Tourn." class="Magnoliopsida" family="Aquifoliaceae" genus="Ilex" kingdom="Plantae" order="Aquifoliales" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="F8E493AAA3577C6FC9958A5999C3A1FB" italics="true">Ilex</emphasis>
Tourn.
</taxonomicName>
ex 
<collectionCode id="7331CBCA25868FC78C2C39E3D51ABDF2" country="Netherlands" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15678" name="Nationaal Herbarium Nederland, Leiden University branch" type="Herbarium">L</collectionCode>
., 
<taxonomicName id="332177DD6518D991427E2457493A22DC" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Rubiaceae" genus="Kadua" kingdom="Plantae" order="Gentianales" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="AC70F1E95AD18CD17834A4E14A3F6DA4" italics="true">Kadua</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, 
<taxonomicName id="2ACF576A97839BA71B57721FCEBF7F05" authority="C. M. Weiller" authorityName="C. M. Weiller" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Ericaceae" genus="Leptecophylla" kingdom="Plantae" order="Ericales" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="0505D229CB20AF43A7ACF7E03B02225F" italics="true">Leptecophylla</emphasis>
C. M. Weiller
</taxonomicName>
, 
<taxonomicName id="D17510EF8F69B69041EA54A3E17315DC" authority="Plum." authorityName="Plum." class="Magnoliopsida" family="Campanulaceae" genus="Lobelia" kingdom="Plantae" order="Asterales" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="4D45465E6F6149E56193A3A8C45E4AA5" italics="true">Lobelia</emphasis>
Plum.
</taxonomicName>
ex 
<collectionCode id="05ABBCCC38AD46479A6B6E047136584B" country="Netherlands" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15678" name="Nationaal Herbarium Nederland, Leiden University branch" type="Herbarium">L</collectionCode>
., 
<taxonomicName id="1075E5DB4A855BD1FD65AB2FB70AF748" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Rutaceae" genus="Melicope" kingdom="Plantae" order="Sapindales" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="DA76CB8FFAF68BE5AD78985AC3882200" italics="true">Melicope</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, 
<taxonomicName id="2D7640CC0107EDF04BB1C24465CBF4EF" authority="J. R. Forst. &amp; G. Forst." authorityName="J. R. Forst. &amp; G. Forst." class="Magnoliopsida" family="Araliaceae" genus="Polyscias" kingdom="Plantae" order="Apiales" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="C005FA8D8B2C28BF067AE75205049DB0" italics="true">Polyscias</emphasis>
J. R. Forst. &amp; G. Forst.
</taxonomicName>
, 
<taxonomicName id="629C0B12EE02EB6BB001C3AAA6D99519" authority="Seem. &amp; H. Wendl." authorityName="Seem. &amp; H. Wendl." class="Liliopsida" family="Arecaceae" genus="Pritchardia" kingdom="Plantae" order="Arecales" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="20382F5C6240B769F8851164A840CDB2" italics="true">Pritchardia</emphasis>
Seem. &amp; H. Wendl.
</taxonomicName>
, 
<taxonomicName id="A39D22869161B4B624A8BE2F037395A3" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Rubiaceae" genus="Psychotria" kingdom="Plantae" order="Gentianales" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="D07FE113F7C155F7AC79BB3CA067463B" italics="true">Psychotria</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<collectionCode id="5479EEB09D69829A3E26EF76D470F800" country="Netherlands" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15678" name="Nationaal Herbarium Nederland, Leiden University branch" type="Herbarium">L</collectionCode>
., 
<taxonomicName id="9303EC05993ACCC37DBD2A99C8F55A95" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Ericaceae" genus="Vaccinium" kingdom="Plantae" order="Ericales" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="559EE50669DA1E5A93330ACF64A99E74" italics="true">Vaccinium</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
; sedges including 
<taxonomicName id="98CEE459579DED633CED66AE4B514CC6" class="Liliopsida" family="Cyperaceae" genus="Machaerina" kingdom="Plantae" order="Poales" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="69E19BA1EFC77DE30595ADB012B6AE2A" italics="true">Machaerina</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
; and scrambling ferns 
<taxonomicName id="0D85A39B3156F9C217061FE9053D1EF4" authority="Bernh." authorityName="Bernh." class="Polypodiopsida" family="Gleicheniaceae" genus="Dicranopteris" kingdom="Plantae" order="Gleicheniales" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="1C2A4C371BDC6256AC9324770CB655BC" italics="true">Dicranopteris</emphasis>
Bernh.
</taxonomicName>
and 
<taxonomicName id="33AF4342425550645473BB380F0F2F3E" authority="(Diels) Nakai." authorityName="Nakai." baseAuthorityName="Diels" class="Polypodiopsida" family="Gleicheniaceae" genus="Diplopterygium" kingdom="Plantae" order="Gleicheniales" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="14788864335107BB56DA6AF4F7A91CF3" italics="true">Diplopterygium</emphasis>
(Diels) Nakai.
</taxonomicName>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>