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<mods:title id="C944DBCC88F9A7AC0F0740EEE5DEB88D">A review of the subfamily Picobiinae Johnston and Kethley, 1973 (Acariformes: Prostigmata: Syringophilidae)</mods:title>
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Subfamily
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Picobiinae
<bibRefCitation id="B47C4B60A51C3F308FCDFD40FCE65C93" author="Johnston and Kethley" box="[425,770,725,751]" firstAuthor="Johnston" pageId="4" pageNumber="5" pagination="520" refId="ref47249" refString="Johnston, D. E. &amp; Kethley, J. B. (1973) A numerical phenetic study of the quill mites of the family Syringophilidae (Acari). Journal of Parasitology, 59, 520 - 530. http: // dx. doi. org / 10.2307 / 3278787" type="journal article" year="1973">Johnston and Kethley, 1973</bibRefCitation>
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(
<figureCitation id="48D62A14A51C3F308EFBFD62FEED5D6C" box="[159,265,759,784]" captionStart-0="FIGURE 1" captionStart-1="FIGURE 2" captionStart-2="FIGURE 3" captionStart-3="FIGURE 4" captionStart-4="FIGURE 5" captionStart-5="FIGURE 6" captionStart-6="FIGURE 7" captionStartId-0="5.[151,250,1660,1682]" captionStartId-1="6.[151,250,1998,2020]" captionStartId-2="7.[151,250,1120,1142]" captionStartId-3="8.[151,250,1223,1245]" captionStartId-4="9.[151,250,1952,1974]" captionStartId-5="10.[151,250,1837,1859]" captionStartId-6="11.[151,250,811,833]" captionTargetBox-0="[175,1409,204,1624]" captionTargetBox-1="[249,1339,705,1971]" captionTargetBox-2="[180,1405,198,1076]" captionTargetBox-3="[161,1425,209,1188]" captionTargetBox-4="[188,1398,733,1930]" captionTargetBox-5="[159,1422,207,1803]" captionTargetBox-6="[157,1430,218,770]" captionTargetId-0="figure@5.[168,1419,193,1636]" captionTargetId-1="figure@6.[238,1347,694,1978]" captionTargetId-2="figure@7.[169,1412,193,1083]" captionTargetId-3="figure@8.[151,1436,193,1202]" captionTargetId-4="figure@9.[188,1398,733,1931]" captionTargetId-5="figure@10.[150,1436,193,1816]" captionTargetId-6="figure@11.[151,1436,213,776]" captionTargetPageId-0="5" captionTargetPageId-1="6" captionTargetPageId-2="7" captionTargetPageId-3="8" captionTargetPageId-4="9" captionTargetPageId-5="10" captionTargetPageId-6="11" captionText-0="FIGURE 1. Female of Picobiinae, general scheme. A, dorsal view; B, ventral view." captionText-1="FIGURE 2. Male of Picobiinae, general scheme. A, dorsal view; B, ventral view." captionText-2="FIGURE 3. Details of morphology. AE, hypostomal apices: A, rounded; B, flat; C, tapering; D, bumpy; E, with hypostomal teeth; F, movable cheliceral digit; G, dorsal and ventral view of palp; H, peritremes with well developed (left) and indiscernible (right) chambers in lateral branch. Abbreviations: (c.p.) cuticular processes of movable cheliceral digit, (ch.t.) cheliceral teeth, (h.t.) hypostomal teeth, (l.b.) lateral branch of peritreme, (m.b.) medial branch of peritreme." captionText-3="FIGURE 4. Details of morphology. A, shape of propodonotal setae, smooth and ornamented; B, opisthosoma with lobes; C, apodemes I and II, D, solenidia of leg I; E, tarsus I in dorsal and ventral view. Abbreviations: (a.p.) apodemal protuberance, (o.l.) opisthonotal lobes." captionText-4="FIGURE 5. Picobiine female in quill of body feather, SEM." captionText-5="FIGURE 6. Details of morphology, SEM. A, hypostomal apex in dorsal view (Neopicobia); B, gnathosoma in dorsal view (Picobia); C, opisthosoma in ventral view (Picobia); D, gnathosoma in lateral view (Picobia); E, physogastric female (Picobia). Abbreviations: (g.l.) genital lobe, (g.o.) genito-anal opening, (h.a.) hypostomal apex, (pa) palp, (st) stylophore, (s.o.) stigmatal opening." captionText-6="FIGURE 7. Tarsus I, SEM. A, dorsal view; B, ventral view." httpUri-0="https://zenodo.org/record/271509/files/figure.png" httpUri-1="https://zenodo.org/record/271510/files/figure.png" httpUri-2="https://zenodo.org/record/271511/files/figure.png" httpUri-3="https://zenodo.org/record/271512/files/figure.png" httpUri-4="https://zenodo.org/record/271513/files/figure.png" httpUri-5="https://zenodo.org/record/271514/files/figure.png" httpUri-6="https://zenodo.org/record/271515/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">Figs. 17</figureCitation>
)
</paragraph>
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<treatmentCitation id="514C1080A51C3F308EF3FCD5FDB35D2A" author="Johnston and Kethley" box="[151,599,832,854]" page="529" pageId="4" pageNumber="5" year="1973">
<taxonomicName id="17ED4D12A51C3F308EF3FCD5FDB35D2A" ID-CoL="8T7QR" authority="Johnston and Kethley, 1973: 529" authorityName="Johnston and Kethley." authorityPageNumber="529" authorityYear="1973" box="[151,599,832,854]" class="Arachnida" family="Syringophilidae" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Trombidiformes" pageId="4" pageNumber="5" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subFamily" subFamily="Picobiinae">
Picobiinae
<bibRefCitation id="B47C4B60A51C3F308F6CFCD5FDB35D2A" author="Johnston and Kethley" box="[264,599,832,854]" firstAuthor="Johnston" page="529" pageId="4" pageNumber="5" pagination="520" refId="ref47249" refString="Johnston, D. E. &amp; Kethley, J. B. (1973) A numerical phenetic study of the quill mites of the family Syringophilidae (Acari). Journal of Parasitology, 59, 520 - 530. http: // dx. doi. org / 10.2307 / 3278787" type="journal article" year="1973">Johnston and Kethley, 1973: 529</bibRefCitation>
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;
<treatmentCitation id="514C1080A51C3F308C06FCD5FCEC5D2A" author="Casto" box="[610,776,832,854]" page="169" pageId="4" pageNumber="5" year="1977">
<bibRefCitation id="B47C4B60A51C3F308C06FCD5FCEC5D2A" author="Casto" box="[610,776,832,854]" firstAuthor="Casto" page="169" pageId="4" pageNumber="5" pagination="169" refId="ref46188" refString="Casto, S. D. (1977) Cuculiphilus lobatus gen. n., sp. n. representing a new subfamily of quill mites (Acarina: Syringophilidae) from the groove-billed ani, Crotophaga sulcirostris (Cuculiformes: Cuculidae). Southwestern Naturalist, 22, 169 - 176. http: // dx. doi. org / 10.2307 / 3669807" type="journal article" year="1977">Casto 1977: 169</bibRefCitation>
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(Lobatinae);
<treatmentCitation id="514C1080A51C3F308DF5FCD5FBBD5D2A" author="Fain" box="[913,1113,832,854]" page="34" pageId="4" pageNumber="5" year="2000">
<bibRefCitation id="B47C4B60A51C3F308DF5FCD5FBBD5D2A" author="Fain" box="[913,1113,832,854]" etAl="et al." firstAuthor="Fain" page="34" pageId="4" pageNumber="5" pagination="33 - 70" refId="ref46471" refString="Fain, A., Bochkov, A. V. &amp; Mironov, S. V. (2000) New genera and species of quill mites of the family Syringophilidae (Acari: Prostigmata). Bulletin de l'Institut Royal des Sciences Naturelles de Belgique, 70, 33 - 70." type="journal article" year="2000">
Fain
<emphasis id="E299EA83A51C3F308DA0FCD4FC155D2A" box="[964,1009,832,854]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">et al</emphasis>
. 2000: 34
</bibRefCitation>
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;
<treatmentCitation id="514C1080A51C3F308A00FCD5FAC95D2A" author="Skoracki" box="[1124,1325,832,854]" page="326" pageId="4" pageNumber="5" year="2011">
<bibRefCitation id="B47C4B60A51C3F308A00FCD5FAC95D2A" author="Skoracki" box="[1124,1325,832,854]" firstAuthor="Skoracki" page="326" pageId="4" pageNumber="5" pagination="1 - 415" refId="ref47773" refString="Skoracki, M. (2011) Quill mites (Acari: syringophilidae) of the Palaearctic region. Zootaxa, 2840, 1 - 415." type="journal article" year="2011">Skoracki 2011: 326</bibRefCitation>
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.
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</paragraph>
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<typeStatus id="0F568833A51C3F308EF3FCCAFF2D5D08" box="[151,201,863,884]" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">Type</typeStatus>
genus:
<taxonomicName id="17ED4D12A51C3F308F7CFCCBFE0F5D08" ID-CoL="8T5YX" authority="Haller, 1878" authorityName="Haller" authorityYear="1878" box="[280,491,862,884]" class="Arachnida" family="Syringophilidae" genus="Picobia" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Trombidiformes" pageId="4" pageNumber="5" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="E299EA83A51C3F308F7CFCCBFE835D08" box="[280,359,862,884]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">Picobia</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="B47C4B60A51C3F308F09FCCBFE0F5D08" author="Haller" box="[365,491,862,884]" firstAuthor="Haller" pageId="4" pageNumber="5" pagination="81 - 98" refId="ref47078" refString="Haller, G. (1878) Freyana und Picobia. Zeitschrift fur Wissenschafliche Zoologie, 30, 81 - 98." type="journal article" year="1878">Haller, 1878</bibRefCitation>
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<emphasis id="E299EA83A51C3F308EF3FC34FECD5DC6" bold="true" box="[151,297,929,954]" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">Description.</emphasis>
FEMALE.
<taxonomicName id="17ED4D12A51C3F308FDBFC34FDAA5DC6" authorityName="Krefft" authorityYear="1871" box="[447,590,929,954]" class="Secernentea" family="Gnathostomatidae" genus="Gnathosoma" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Spirurida" pageId="4" pageNumber="5" phylum="Nematoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="E299EA83A51C3F308FDBFC34FDAA5DC6" box="[447,590,929,954]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">Gnathosoma</emphasis>
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. Hypostomal apex variable in shape, rounded, bumpy, tapering, flat. Peritremes M-, V-, Π- or U-shaped; peritremal branches (medial and lateral) with well visible chambers or borders between chambers indiscernible. Lateral hypostomal teeth present or absent. Movable cheliceral digit dentate or edentate on distal tip and on proximal end. Stylophore rounded posteriorly. Tibiotarsus of palps truncate. Palp setation: setae
<emphasis id="E299EA83A51C3F308F58FBA4FEB95A36" box="[316,349,1073,1098]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">sul</emphasis>
strongly reduced, setae
<emphasis id="E299EA83A51C3F308C0AFBA7FD795A35" box="[622,669,1074,1097]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">acm</emphasis>
,
<emphasis id="E299EA83A51C3F308CC8FBA4FD2B5A36" box="[684,719,1073,1098]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">dTi</emphasis>
,
<emphasis id="E299EA83A51C3F308CBAFBA4FCE15A36" box="[734,773,1073,1098]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">lTi</emphasis>
,
<emphasis id="E299EA83A51C3F308D77FBA4FCA45A36" box="[787,832,1073,1098]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">l”Ti</emphasis>
,
<emphasis id="E299EA83A51C3F308D2BFBA4FC8A5A36" box="[847,878,1073,1098]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">dG</emphasis>
,
<emphasis id="E299EA83A51C3F308D18FBA4FC415A36" box="[892,933,1073,1098]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">l”G</emphasis>
,
<emphasis id="E299EA83A51C3F308DD7FBA4FC345A36" box="[947,976,1073,1098]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">dF</emphasis>
,
<emphasis id="E299EA83A51C3F308DBAFBA7FC1D5A35" box="[990,1017,1074,1097]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">vF</emphasis>
,
<emphasis id="E299EA83A51C3F308A6CFBA4FBD45A36" box="[1032,1072,1073,1098]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">l”F</emphasis>
setiform, euphatidia
<emphasis id="E299EA83A51C3F308B44FBA4FADB5A36" box="[1312,1343,1073,1098]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">ul</emphasis>
and
<emphasis id="E299EA83A51C3F308B12FBA4FA7F5A36" box="[1398,1435,1073,1098]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">ul”</emphasis>
rod-like.
<taxonomicName id="17ED4D12A51C3F308E9BFBC0FE835A12" authorityName="Ausserer" authorityYear="1871" box="[255,359,1109,1134]" class="Arachnida" family="Idiopidae" genus="Idiosoma" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="4" pageNumber="5" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="E299EA83A51C3F308E9BFBC0FE835A12" box="[255,359,1109,1134]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">Idiosoma</emphasis>
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. Propodonotal region with 6 pairs of setae (
<emphasis id="E299EA83A51C3F308D3BFBC3FC975A11" box="[863,883,1110,1133]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">vi</emphasis>
,
<emphasis id="E299EA83A51C3F308DE7FBC3FC785A11" box="[899,924,1110,1133]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">ve</emphasis>
,
<emphasis id="E299EA83A51C3F308DCFFBC3FC5A5A11" box="[939,958,1110,1133]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">si</emphasis>
,
<emphasis id="E299EA83A51C3F308DA9FBC3FC005A11" box="[973,996,1110,1133]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">se</emphasis>
,
<emphasis id="E299EA83A51C3F308D90FBC3FBEB5A12" box="[1012,1039,1110,1134]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">c1</emphasis>
,
<emphasis id="E299EA83A51C3F308A7AFBC3FBDD5A12" box="[1054,1081,1110,1134]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">c2</emphasis>
). Propodonotal shield entire or divided into 23 sclerites. Hysteronotal shield, if present, divided into 2 small sclerites situated near bases of setae
<emphasis id="E299EA83A51C3F308EF3FB08FF575ACA" box="[151,179,1181,1206]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">d2</emphasis>
. Pygidial shield, if present, entire or divided longitudinally. One pair of genital setae present or absent, pseudanal setal series with 12 pairs, agenital setal series with 3 pairs. Opisthosomal and genital lobes present or absent.
<emphasis id="E299EA83A51C3F308E8BFB73FEC05A81" box="[239,292,1254,1277]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">Legs</emphasis>
. Legs I and II thicker than III and IV. Apodemes of legs I and II free, apodemes I with or without thorn-like protuberances. Prorals setae
<emphasis id="E299EA83A51C3F308C01FA9FFD985B5D" box="[613,636,1290,1313]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">p</emphasis>
and
<emphasis id="E299EA83A51C3F308CDBFA9FFD385B5D" box="[703,732,1290,1313]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">p”</emphasis>
stick-like, each with 2 minute tines. Paraxial and antaxial members of claws equal or unequal in size and shape. Solenidia
<emphasis id="E299EA83A51C3F308DE5FABBFC715B39" box="[897,917,1326,1349]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">ω</emphasis>
III and
<emphasis id="E299EA83A51C3F308D9EFABBFBEC5B39" box="[1018,1032,1326,1349]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">σ</emphasis>
I present,
<emphasis id="E299EA83A51C3F308A1FFABBFB6E5B39" box="[1147,1162,1326,1349]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">φ</emphasis>
I present or absent. Leg setae
<emphasis id="E299EA83A51C3F308EBCFAC4FEE05B16" box="[216,260,1361,1386]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">lRI</emphasis>
and
<emphasis id="E299EA83A51C3F308F5AFAC4FE975B16" box="[318,371,1361,1386]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">lRII</emphasis>
absent. Leg setae smooth or ornamented. Physogastric form with enlarged
<taxonomicName id="17ED4D12A51C3F308AB0FAC4FADA5B16" authorityName="Ausserer" authorityYear="1871" box="[1236,1342,1361,1386]" class="Arachnida" family="Idiopidae" genus="Idiosoma" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="4" pageNumber="74" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">idiosoma</taxonomicName>
, worm-, bulb-, campanulli-shaped in outline.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="D0523691A51C3F308EA3FA0FFA995BAA" blockId="4.[151,1437,929,1926]" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">MALE. Characters as in female except: lateral hypostomal teeth absent; hysteronotal shield not fused to pygidial shield; hysteronotal region with 5 pairs of setae; genital and agenital setal series represented by 2 pairs.</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="98F7651AA51C3F308EA3FA74FE3358F6" pageId="4" pageNumber="5" type="synonymic_list">
<paragraph id="D0523691A51C3F308EA3FA74FE3358F6" blockId="4.[151,1437,929,1926]" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">
<emphasis id="E299EA83A51C3F308EA3FA74FE715B86" bold="true" box="[199,405,1505,1530]" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">Genera included.</emphasis>
The subfamily includes 11 genera:
<taxonomicName id="17ED4D12A51C3F308D42FA74FBA35B86" authority="Casto, 1978" authorityName="Casto." authorityYear="1978" box="[806,1095,1505,1530]" class="Arachnida" family="Syringophilidae" genus="Calamincola" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Trombidiformes" pageId="4" pageNumber="5" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="E299EA83A51C3F308D42FA74FC535B86" box="[806,951,1505,1530]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">Calamincola</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="B47C4B60A51C3F308DD9FA77FBA35B86" author="Casto" box="[957,1095,1506,1530]" firstAuthor="Casto" pageId="4" pageNumber="5" pagination="158" refId="ref46254" refString="Casto, S. D. (1978) A new name for Cuculiphilus (Acarina: Syringophilidae). Southwestern Naturalist, 23, 158. http: // dx. doi. org / 10.2307 / 3669996" type="journal article" year="1978">Casto, 1978</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName id="17ED4D12A51C3F308A36FA74FEA25862" authority="Kivganov and Sharafat, 1995" authorityName="Kivganov and Sharafat." authorityYear="1995" class="Arachnida" family="Syringophilidae" genus="Columbiphilus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Trombidiformes" pageId="4" pageNumber="5" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="E299EA83A51C3F308A36FA74FB135B86" box="[1106,1271,1505,1530]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">Columbiphilus</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="B47C4B60A51C3F308A9AFA74FEA25862" author="Kivganov and Sharafat" firstAuthor="Kivganov" pageId="4" pageNumber="5" pagination="82 - 91" refId="ref47451" refString="Kivganov, D. A. &amp; Sharafat, G. S. (1995) [Review of the family Syringophilidae (Acari) with the description of new genera and species]. Zoologichesky Zhurnal, 74, 82 - 91. [In Russian]" type="journal article" year="1995">Kivganov and Sharafat, 1995</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName id="17ED4D12A51C3F308F3FF990FCBB5862" authority="Skoracki et al., 2014" authorityName="Skoracki et al." authorityYear="2014" box="[347,863,1541,1566]" class="Arachnida" family="Syringophilidae" genus="Charadriineopicobia" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Trombidiformes" pageId="4" pageNumber="5" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="E299EA83A51C3F308F3FF990FDAC5862" box="[347,584,1541,1566]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">Charadriineopicobia</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="B47C4B60A51C3F308C33F990FCBB5862" author="Skoracki" box="[599,863,1541,1566]" etAl="et al." firstAuthor="Skoracki" pageId="4" pageNumber="5" pagination="194 - 200" refId="ref48631" refString="Skoracki, M. &amp; Sikora, M. (2014) Two new quill mite species of the family Syringophilidae (Acari: Prostigmata) parasitising the house sparrow Passer domesticus (L.) (Aves: Passeriformes). Zootaxa, 3765 (2), 194 - 200. http: // dx. doi. org / 10.11646 / zootaxa. 3765.2.7" type="journal article" year="2014">
Skoracki
<emphasis id="E299EA83A51C3F308CAFF993FCE15862" box="[715,773,1541,1566]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">et al</emphasis>
., 2014
</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName id="17ED4D12A51C3F308D17F990FA7C5862" authority="Skoracki and Hromada, 2013" authorityName="Skoracki and Hromada." authorityYear="2013" box="[883,1432,1541,1566]" class="Arachnida" family="Syringophilidae" genus="Gunabopicobia" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Trombidiformes" pageId="4" pageNumber="5" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="E299EA83A51C3F308D17F990FBC55862" box="[883,1057,1541,1566]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">Gunabopicobia</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="B47C4B60A51C3F308A55F990FA7C5862" author="Skoracki and Hromada" box="[1073,1432,1541,1566]" firstAuthor="Skoracki" pageId="4" pageNumber="5" pagination="192" refId="ref48232" refString="Skoracki, M. &amp; Hromada, M. (2013) A review of picobiine mites (Acari: Syringophilidae: Picobiinae) parasitising African birds. Folia Parasitologica, 60, 192 - 212. http: // dx. doi. org / 10.14411 / fp. 2013.022" type="journal article" year="2013">Skoracki and Hromada, 2013</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName id="17ED4D12A51C3F308EF3F9BCFD52583E" authority="Skoracki and Hromada, 2013" authorityName="Skoracki and Hromada." authorityYear="2013" box="[151,694,1577,1602]" class="Arachnida" family="Syringophilidae" genus="Lawrencipicobia" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Trombidiformes" pageId="4" pageNumber="5" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="E299EA83A51C3F308EF3F9BCFEB0583E" box="[151,340,1577,1602]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">Lawrencipicobia</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="B47C4B60A51C3F308F3AF9BCFD52583E" author="Skoracki and Hromada" box="[350,694,1577,1602]" firstAuthor="Skoracki" pageId="4" pageNumber="5" pagination="192" refId="ref48232" refString="Skoracki, M. &amp; Hromada, M. (2013) A review of picobiine mites (Acari: Syringophilidae: Picobiinae) parasitising African birds. Folia Parasitologica, 60, 192 - 212. http: // dx. doi. org / 10.14411 / fp. 2013.022" type="journal article" year="2013">Skoracki and Hromada, 2013</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName id="17ED4D12A51C3F308CA1F9BCFBE4583E" authority="Skoracki, 2011" authorityName="Skoracki." authorityYear="2011" box="[709,1024,1577,1602]" class="Arachnida" family="Syringophilidae" genus="Neopicobia" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Trombidiformes" pageId="4" pageNumber="5" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus" subOrder="Prostigmata" superOrder="Acariformes">
<emphasis id="E299EA83A51C3F308CA1F9BCFCA2583E" box="[709,838,1577,1602]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">Neopicobia</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="B47C4B60A51C3F308D35F9BCFBE4583E" author="Skoracki" box="[849,1024,1577,1602]" firstAuthor="Skoracki" pageId="4" pageNumber="5" pagination="1 - 415" refId="ref47773" refString="Skoracki, M. (2011) Quill mites (Acari: syringophilidae) of the Palaearctic region. Zootaxa, 2840, 1 - 415." type="journal article" year="2011">Skoracki, 2011</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName id="17ED4D12A51C3F308A6BF9BCFF36581A" authority="Glowska and Schmidt, 2014" authorityName="Glowska and Schmidt." authorityYear="2014" class="Arachnida" family="Syringophilidae" genus="Phipicobia" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Trombidiformes" pageId="4" pageNumber="5" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="E299EA83A51C3F308A6BF9BCFB6E583E" box="[1039,1162,1577,1602]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">Phipicobia</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="B47C4B60A51C3F308AF1F9BCFF36581A" author="Glowska and Schmidt" firstAuthor="Glowska" pageId="4" pageNumber="5" pagination="57 - 64" refId="ref46797" refString="Glowska, E. &amp; Schmidt, B. K. (2014 a) New quill mites (Cheyletoidea: Syringophilidae) parasitizing the black-headed paradiseflycatcher Terpsiphone rufiventer (Passeriformes: Monarchidae) in Gabon. Zootaxa, 3786 (1), 57 - 64. http: // dx. doi. org / 10.11646 / zootaxa. 3786.1.3" type="journal article" year="2014">Glowska and Schmidt, 2014</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName id="17ED4D12A51C3F308E85F9D8FE32581A" authority="Haller, 1878" authorityName="Haller" authorityYear="1878" box="[225,470,1613,1638]" class="Arachnida" family="Syringophilidae" genus="Picobia" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Trombidiformes" pageId="4" pageNumber="5" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="E299EA83A51C3F308E85F9D8FEDC581A" box="[225,312,1613,1638]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">Picobia</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="B47C4B60A51C3F308F27F9D8FE32581A" author="Haller" box="[323,470,1613,1638]" firstAuthor="Haller" pageId="4" pageNumber="5" pagination="81 - 98" refId="ref47078" refString="Haller, G. (1878) Freyana und Picobia. Zeitschrift fur Wissenschafliche Zoologie, 30, 81 - 98." type="journal article" year="1878">Haller, 1878</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName id="17ED4D12A51C3F308F81F9D8FC4F581A" authority="Glowska and Schmidt, 2014" authorityName="Glowska and Schmidt." authorityYear="2014" box="[485,939,1613,1638]" class="Arachnida" family="Syringophilidae" genus="Pipicobia" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Trombidiformes" pageId="4" pageNumber="5" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="E299EA83A51C3F308F81F9D8FDB6581A" box="[485,594,1613,1638]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">Pipicobia</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="B47C4B60A51C3F308C39F9D8FC4F581A" author="Glowska and Schmidt" box="[605,939,1613,1638]" firstAuthor="Glowska" pageId="4" pageNumber="5" pagination="57 - 64" refId="ref46797" refString="Glowska, E. &amp; Schmidt, B. K. (2014 a) New quill mites (Cheyletoidea: Syringophilidae) parasitizing the black-headed paradiseflycatcher Terpsiphone rufiventer (Passeriformes: Monarchidae) in Gabon. Zootaxa, 3786 (1), 57 - 64. http: // dx. doi. org / 10.11646 / zootaxa. 3786.1.3" type="journal article" year="2014">Glowska and Schmidt, 2014</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName id="17ED4D12A51C3F308DDEF9D8FA80581A" authority="Skoracki et al., 2012" authorityName="Skoracki et al." authorityYear="2012" box="[954,1380,1613,1638]" class="Arachnida" family="Syringophilidae" genus="Pseudopicobia" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Trombidiformes" pageId="4" pageNumber="5" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="E299EA83A51C3F308DDEF9D8FB84581A" box="[954,1120,1613,1638]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">Pseudopicobia</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="B47C4B60A51C3F308A08F9D8FA80581A" author="Skoracki" box="[1132,1380,1613,1638]" etAl="et al." firstAuthor="Skoracki" pageId="4" pageNumber="5" pagination="229" refId="ref48529" refString="Skoracki, M., Scibek, K. &amp; Sikora, B. (2012 a) New genus and three new species of quill mites (Acari: Syringophilidae: Picobiinae) parasitising puffbirds (Aves: Piciformes). Folia Parasitologica, 59, 229 - 236. http: // dx. doi. org / 10.14411 / fp. 2012.031" type="journal article" year="2012">
Skoracki
<emphasis id="E299EA83A51C3F308ABFF9DBFAF4581A" box="[1243,1296,1613,1638]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">et al</emphasis>
., 2012
</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
, and
<taxonomicName id="17ED4D12A51C3F308EF3F9E4FE3658F6" authority="Skoracki, 2011" authorityName="Skoracki." authorityYear="2011" box="[151,466,1649,1674]" class="Arachnida" family="Syringophilidae" genus="Rafapicobia" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Trombidiformes" pageId="4" pageNumber="5" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus" subOrder="Prostigmata" superOrder="Acariformes">
<emphasis id="E299EA83A51C3F308EF3F9E4FEC458F6" box="[151,288,1649,1674]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">Rafapicobia</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="B47C4B60A51C3F308F43F9E4FE3658F6" author="Skoracki" box="[295,466,1649,1674]" firstAuthor="Skoracki" pageId="4" pageNumber="5" pagination="1 - 415" refId="ref47773" refString="Skoracki, M. (2011) Quill mites (Acari: syringophilidae) of the Palaearctic region. Zootaxa, 2840, 1 - 415." type="journal article" year="2011">Skoracki, 2011</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="98F7651AA51C3F308EA3F900FEBD5966" pageId="4" pageNumber="5" type="distribution">
<paragraph id="D0523691A51C3F308EA3F900FEBD5966" blockId="4.[151,1437,929,1926]" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">
<emphasis id="E299EA83A51C3F308EA3F900FDFD58D2" bold="true" box="[199,537,1685,1710]" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">Distribution and host range.</emphasis>
Members of this subfamily are known from all zoogeographical regions, except for
<collectingCountry id="A8FA7601A51C3F308EA3F92CFEDB58AE" box="[199,319,1721,1746]" name="Antarctica" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">Antarctica</collectingCountry>
, and occupy wide spectrum of avian host:
<taxonomicName id="17ED4D12A51C3F308D05F92CFBFF58AE" authorityName="Huxley" authorityYear="1867" box="[865,1051,1721,1746]" class="Aves" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Charadriiformes" pageId="4" pageNumber="5" phylum="Chordata" rank="order">Charadriiformes</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName id="17ED4D12A51C3F308A4BF92CFB0658AE" authorityName="Latham" authorityYear="1790" box="[1071,1250,1721,1746]" class="Aves" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Columbiformes" pageId="4" pageNumber="5" phylum="Chordata" rank="order">Columbiformes</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName id="17ED4D12A51C3F308A91F92CFA7C58AE" box="[1269,1432,1721,1746]" class="Aves" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coraciiformes" pageId="4" pageNumber="5" phylum="Chordata" rank="order">Coraciiformes</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName id="17ED4D12A51C3F308EF3F948FED6588A" authorityName="Wagler" authorityYear="1830" box="[151,306,1757,1782]" class="Aves" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cuculiformes" pageId="4" pageNumber="5" phylum="Chordata" rank="order">Cuculiformes</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName id="17ED4D12A51C3F308F34F948FE11588A" authorityName="Fürbringer" authorityYear="1888" box="[336,501,1757,1782]" class="Aves" kingdom="Animalia" order="Galbuliformes" pageId="4" pageNumber="5" phylum="Chordata" rank="order">Galbuliformes</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName id="17ED4D12A51C3F308C77F948FD7F588A" authorityName="Temminck" authorityYear="1820" box="[531,667,1757,1782]" class="Aves" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Galliformes" pageId="4" pageNumber="5" phylum="Chordata" rank="order">Galliformes</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName id="17ED4D12A51C3F308CDDF948FCD9588A" authorityName="Bonaparte" authorityYear="1854" box="[697,829,1757,1782]" class="Aves" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Gruiformes" pageId="4" pageNumber="5" phylum="Chordata" rank="order">Gruiformes</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName id="17ED4D12A51C3F308D3FF948FC1F588A" authorityName="Linnaeus" authorityYear="1758" box="[859,1019,1757,1782]" class="Aves" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Passeriformes" pageId="4" pageNumber="5" phylum="Chordata" rank="order">Passeriformes</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName id="17ED4D12A51C3F308A7CF948FB70588A" authorityName="Meyer &amp; Wolf" authorityYear="1810" box="[1048,1172,1757,1782]" class="Aves" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Piciformes" pageId="4" pageNumber="5" phylum="Chordata" rank="order">Piciformes</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName id="17ED4D12A51C3F308AD7F948FAB2588A" authorityName="Illiger" authorityYear="1811" box="[1203,1366,1757,1782]" class="Aves" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Psittaciformes" pageId="4" pageNumber="5" phylum="Chordata" rank="order">Psittaciformes</taxonomicName>
, and
<taxonomicName id="17ED4D12A51C3F308EF3F894FEB15966" box="[151,341,1793,1818]" class="Aves" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Pteroclidiformes" pageId="4" pageNumber="5" phylum="Chordata" rank="order">Pteroclidiformes</taxonomicName>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="98F7651AA51C3F308EA3F8B0FE7A59FA" pageId="4" pageNumber="5" type="biology_ecology">
<paragraph id="D0523691A51C3F308EA3F8B0FE7A59FA" blockId="4.[151,1437,929,1926]" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">
<emphasis id="E299EA83A51C3F308EA3F8B0FECE5942" bold="true" box="[199,298,1829,1854]" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">Habitat.</emphasis>
All species of this subfamily inhabit quills of contour feathers of the head, neck, breast, abdomen, and back regions, except representative of the monotypic genus
<taxonomicName id="17ED4D12A51C3F308D2FF8DCFC38591E" authorityName="Casto." authorityYear="1978" box="[843,988,1865,1890]" class="Arachnida" family="Syringophilidae" genus="Calamincola" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Trombidiformes" pageId="4" pageNumber="5" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="E299EA83A51C3F308D2FF8DCFC38591E" box="[843,988,1865,1890]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">Calamincola</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, i.e.
<taxonomicName id="17ED4D12A51C3F308A7DF8DFFAC5591E" authority="Casto, 1977" authorityName="Casto" authorityYear="1977" box="[1049,1313,1865,1890]" class="Arachnida" family="Syringophilidae" genus="Calamincola" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Trombidiformes" pageId="4" pageNumber="5" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="lobatus">
<emphasis id="E299EA83A51C3F308A7DF8DFFB6A591E" box="[1049,1166,1865,1890]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">C. lobatus</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="B47C4B60A51C3F308AFCF8DFFAC5591E" author="Casto" box="[1176,1313,1866,1890]" firstAuthor="Casto" pageId="4" pageNumber="5" pagination="169" refId="ref46188" refString="Casto, S. D. (1977) Cuculiphilus lobatus gen. n., sp. n. representing a new subfamily of quill mites (Acarina: Syringophilidae) from the groove-billed ani, Crotophaga sulcirostris (Cuculiformes: Cuculidae). Southwestern Naturalist, 22, 169 - 176. http: // dx. doi. org / 10.2307 / 3669807" type="journal article" year="1977">Casto, 1977</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
inhabiting quills of flight feathers.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</subSection>
</document>