742 lines
64 KiB
XML
742 lines
64 KiB
XML
<document ID-DOI="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.211.89453" ID-Pensoft-Pub="1314-2003-211-1" ID-Pensoft-UUID="20DF43DC40DB5AF9BC61DF4AD7C16EF7" ModsDocID="1314-2003-211-1" checkinTime="1665870600856" checkinUser="pensoft" docAuthor="Siti-Munirah, Mat Yunoh, Suhaida, Mustafa & Eddie, Chan" docDate="2022" docId="0C02AA5AE1A1500DA6495FD2F2626DD2" docLanguage="en" docName="PhytoKeys 211: 1-11" docOrigin="PhytoKeys 211" docPubDate="2022-10-11" docSource="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.211.89453" docTitle="Thismia limkokthayi Siti-Munirah & E. Chan 2022, sp. nov." docType="treatment" docVersion="2" id="20DF43DC40DB5AF9BC61DF4AD7C16EF7" lastPageNumber="1" masterDocId="20DF43DC40DB5AF9BC61DF4AD7C16EF7" masterDocTitle="Thismia limkokthayi (Thismiaceae): A new mycoheterotrophic species from Genting Highlands in Pahang, Malaysia" masterLastPageNumber="11" masterPageNumber="1" pageNumber="1" updateTime="1665870901284" updateUser="ExternalLinkService">
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<mods:mods xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
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<mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:title>Thismia limkokthayi (Thismiaceae): A new mycoheterotrophic species from Genting Highlands in Pahang, Malaysia</mods:title>
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</mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart>Siti-Munirah, Mat Yunoh</mods:namePart>
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<mods:nameIdentifier type="ORCID">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5062-9988</mods:nameIdentifier>
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<mods:affiliation>Forest Research Institute Malaysia, 52109 Kepong, Selangor, Malaysia</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:nameIdentifier type="email">sitimunirahfrim1@gmail.com</mods:nameIdentifier>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart>Suhaida, Mustafa</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation>Forest Research Institute Malaysia, 52109 Kepong, Selangor, Malaysia</mods:affiliation>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart>Eddie, Chan</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation>Awana Hotel Genting Highlands Resort, 69000 Genting Highlands, Pahang, Malaysia</mods:affiliation>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:typeOfResource>text</mods:typeOfResource>
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<mods:relatedItem type="host">
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<mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:title>PhytoKeys</mods:title>
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</mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:part>
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<mods:date>2022</mods:date>
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<mods:detail type="pubDate">
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<mods:number>2022-10-11</mods:number>
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</mods:detail>
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<mods:detail type="volume">
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<mods:number>211</mods:number>
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</mods:detail>
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<mods:extent unit="page">
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<mods:start>1</mods:start>
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<mods:end>11</mods:end>
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</mods:extent>
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</mods:part>
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</mods:relatedItem>
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<mods:location>
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<mods:url>http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.211.89453</mods:url>
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</mods:location>
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<mods:classification>journal article</mods:classification>
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<mods:identifier type="DOI">http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.211.89453</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier type="Pensoft-Pub">1314-2003-211-1</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier type="Pensoft-UUID">20DF43DC40DB5AF9BC61DF4AD7C16EF7</mods:identifier>
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</mods:mods>
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<treatment LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:0C02AA5AE1A1500DA6495FD2F2626DD2" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/0C02AA5AE1A1500DA6495FD2F2626DD2" lastPageNumber="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
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<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
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<taxonomicName LSID="0C02AA5A-E1A1-500D-A649-5FD2F2626DD2" authority="Siti-Munirah & E. Chan" authorityName="Siti-Munirah & E. Chan" authorityYear="2022" class="Liliopsida" family="Thismiaceae" genus="Thismia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Thismia limkokthayi" order="Dioscoreales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="limkokthayi" status="sp. nov.">Thismia limkokthayi Siti-Munirah & E.Chan</taxonomicName>
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<taxonomicNameLabel pageId="0" pageNumber="1">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="description">
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
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<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 1" captionStartId="F2" captionText="Figure 1. Thismia limkokthayi with scale (all in centimetres (cm )) A plants with mature (FRI 91138 c) and young flowers with long stems B mature flower with a very short stem (FRI 91138 b) C stamens (FRI FRI 91138 a). Photos by Siti-Munirah MY." figureDoi="10.3897/phytokeys.211.89453.figure1" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/754973" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Figs 1</figureCitation>
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<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 2" captionStartId="F3" captionText="Figure 2. Thismia limkokthayi A coralliform roots B full flower C claviform tip of mitre appendage D longitudinal section of floral tube, showing inner surface E outer tepal and inner tepal F side view of mitre G mitre viewed from above H six stamens, viewed from below I outer view of a stamen J inner view of two pendulous stamens K detail of the side lobe on the supraconnective apex (side lobe with truncate tips that are recurved inwards) L ovary with style, stigma and flower bud surrounded by bracts M stigmas. All from FRI FRI 91138 a (A, D, I, J, K, L, M), FRI 91138 b (H) and FRI 91138 c (B, C, E, F, G). Photos by Siti-Munirah MY; images not to scale (see dimensions in description and Fig. 1)." figureDoi="10.3897/phytokeys.211.89453.figure2" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/754974" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">, 2</figureCitation>
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<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 3" captionStartId="F4" captionText="Figure 3. Thismia limkokthayi Siti-Munirah & Eddie Chan A group photo with the T. limkokthayi (white arrow) in its habitat (from left; Angan A, Siti-Munirah MY, Eddie C, Ahmad Norsidar AH and Suhaida M) B-C different stages of anthesis of T. limkokthayi in its habitat (in situ) B two mature flowers from one individual C a fresh flower (on the left) and a new young flower starting to bloom (on the right). Photos by Siti-Munirah MY." figureDoi="10.3897/phytokeys.211.89453.figure3" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/754975" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">, 3</figureCitation>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="diagnosis">
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Diagnosis.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
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<taxonomicName authorityName="Siti-Munirah & E. Chan" authorityYear="2022" class="Liliopsida" family="Thismiaceae" genus="Thismia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Thismia limkokthayi" order="Dioscoreales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="limkokthayi">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Thismia limkokthayi</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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is distinguished from closely-related species by the following combination of characteristics: black to dark brown floral tube and appendages, the presence of mitre fovea between the bases of claviform appendages, the presence of longitudinal ribs and absent transverse bars on the inner side of the floral tube, the apex of stamens with a central lobe (prolongation of the rib) and two lateral lobes (the tips of each are recurved) and dark purple stigma.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="materials_examined">
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
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<typeStatus>Type</typeStatus>
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.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
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<collectingCountry name="Malaysia">Malaysia</collectingCountry>
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. Peninsular
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<materialsCitation accessionNumber="FRI91138" collectingDate="2022-04-28" collectorName="Siti-Munirah MY" country="Malaysia" elevation="1137" location="Genting Highlands" municipality="Bentong District" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Pahang" typeStatus="holotype">
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<collectingCountry name="Malaysia">Malaysia</collectingCountry>
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:
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<collectingRegion country="Malaysia" name="Pahang">Pahang</collectingRegion>
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,
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<collectingMunicipality>Bentong District</collectingMunicipality>
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,
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<location LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:0C02AA5AE1A1500DA6495FD2F2626DD2:F6117D98C70B827651C4969BA76EA914" country="Malaysia" municipality="Bentong District" name="Genting Highlands" stateProvince="Pahang">Genting Highlands</location>
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, ca.
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<quantity metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.137" unit="m" value="1137.0">
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<elevation metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.137" unit="m" value="1137.0">1137 m</elevation>
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</quantity>
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elev.,
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<collectingDate value="2022-04-28">28 April 2022</collectingDate>
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,
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<collectorName>Siti-Munirah MY</collectorName>
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,
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<accessionNumber httpUri="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/protein/FRI91138">FRI91138</accessionNumber>
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c (
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<typeStatus>holotype</typeStatus>
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KEP!, spirit collection, barcode no. SC12022)
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</materialsCitation>
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.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
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Achlorophyllous herbs up to ca.
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<quantity metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.4" unit="cm" value="14.0">14 cm</quantity>
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.
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<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Roots</emphasis>
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coralliform, surface hairy, apices brownish-white.
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<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Stems</emphasis>
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up to ca.
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<quantity metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.5" unit="cm" value="4.5">4.5 cm</quantity>
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tall or very short (possibly for young plants), ca.
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<quantity metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.5" metricValueMax="3.0" metricValueMin="2.0" unit="mm" value="2.5" valueMax="3.0" valueMin="2.0">2-3 mm</quantity>
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in diameter, erect, ascending, white and becoming brownish with age, glabrous, terete.
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<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Leaves</emphasis>
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glabrous, pale brown, dark brown in the upper part or towards the apex, scale-like, triangular-ovate to lanceolate, up to
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<quantity metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.2" unit="mm" value="12.0">12 mm</quantity>
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long,
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<quantity metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.0" unit="mm" value="3.0">3 mm</quantity>
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wide at the base, apex acute to acuminate, spirally arranged, more crowded in the upper part of the stem.
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<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Floral bracts</emphasis>
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3, pale brown to dark brown towards the apex, similar to upper leaves, but slightly larger,
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<quantity metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.1" metricValueMax="1.2" metricValueMin="1.0" unit="mm" value="11.0" valueMax="12.0" valueMin="10.0">10-12 mm</quantity>
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long, apex acute to acuminate,
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<quantity metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.0" unit="mm" value="2.0">2 mm</quantity>
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wide at the base.
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<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Pedicels</emphasis>
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lengthen up to
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<quantity metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.0" unit="mm" value="5.0">5 mm</quantity>
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during flower growth,
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<quantity metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.5" metricValueMax="3.0" metricValueMin="2.0" unit="mm" value="2.5" valueMax="3.0" valueMin="2.0">2-3 mm</quantity>
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wide.
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<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Flowers</emphasis>
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solitary or in clusters of 2, opening in succession in the latter case and forming loose monochasial inflorescences, lateral flower located in the axil of one of the floral bracts of the terminal flower and also bearing its own floral bracts; each flower up to
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<quantity metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="8.0" unit="cm" value="8.0">8 cm</quantity>
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long (including ovary and appendages);
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<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">perianth</emphasis>
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actinomorphic with 6 tepals fused to form a floral tube with a dome-shaped mitre with 3 slender, claviform appendages on its top;
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<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">floral tube</emphasis>
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black brownish/brown blackish, urceolate, ca.
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<quantity metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.25" metricValueMax="2.5" metricValueMin="2.0" unit="mm" value="22.5" valueMax="25.0" valueMin="20.0">20-25 mm</quantity>
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long, ca.
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<quantity metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="7.5" metricValueMax="10.0" metricValueMin="5.0" unit="mm" value="7.5" valueMax="10.0" valueMin="5.0">5-10 mm</quantity>
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wide, constricted just above the ovary, widest in the upper part;
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<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">outer surface</emphasis>
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with 6 longitudinal ribs, glabrous, rough, black to dark brown;
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<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">inner surface</emphasis>
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with 6 greenish longitudinal ribs, without transverse bars, black to dark brown;
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<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">outer tepal lobes</emphasis>
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3, brownish orange, minute, ca.
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<quantity metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.0" unit="mm" value="1.0">1 mm</quantity>
|
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long,
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<quantity metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="7.0" unit="mm" value="7.0">7 mm</quantity>
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wide at base, broadly triangular, erect;
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<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">inner tepal lobes</emphasis>
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3, black to dark brown, thick, cuneate, surface glabrous, apically adnate to form a dome-shaped mitre;
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<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">mitre</emphasis>
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with 3 lateral, round-shaped, ca.
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<quantity metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="9.0" metricValueMax="10.0" metricValueMin="8.0" unit="mm" value="9.0" valueMax="10.0" valueMin="8.0">8-10 mm</quantity>
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wide apertures, 3 hood-like accessory lobes, more curved during the early stages of flowering and flattening when the flower is older and matured;
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<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">mitre appendages</emphasis>
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each ca.
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<quantity metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.85" metricValueMax="3.0" metricValueMin="2.7" unit="mm" value="28.5" valueMax="30.0" valueMin="27.0">27-30 mm</quantity>
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long, their base wide and flattened, forming a fovea in the centre of the mitre, becoming narrower above, claviform at apex, glabrous, dark brown to pale orange towards tip.
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<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Stamens</emphasis>
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6, pendulous from the apical margin of the floral tube;
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<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">annulus</emphasis>
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absent;
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<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">filaments</emphasis>
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orange and white, curved downwards, with bases slightly emerged above floral tube apex, not connate, forming 6 apertures apparent when viewed from above;
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<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">connectives</emphasis>
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broad, orange-yellowish in lower half and black/dark brown in upper half, laterally connate to form a tube, ca.
|
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<quantity metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.2" unit="mm" value="12.0">12 mm</quantity>
|
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long, each with prominent longitudinal rib extending along the entire length of the inner surface of the connective; supraconnective apex with one central lobe (extension of the rib) and two smaller side lobes with tips recurved inwards/truncate, glabrous;
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<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">lateral appendage</emphasis>
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skirt-like, black, protruding towards the floral tube, not reaching connective apex, glabrous including on margins, only sparsely hairy on each horn-like corner; individual
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<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">stamens</emphasis>
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with 2 thecae (abaxial, dehiscing towards the inner surface of the floral tube), each
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<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">theca</emphasis>
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oblong,
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<quantity metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.0" unit="mm" value="2.0">2 mm</quantity>
|
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long;
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<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">interstaminal glands</emphasis>
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elliptic-oblong, translucent, inserted on the line of fusion between connectives.
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<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Ovary</emphasis>
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inferior, obconical, ca.
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<quantity metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.5" metricValueMax="5.0" metricValueMin="4.0" unit="mm" value="4.5" valueMax="5.0" valueMin="4.0">4-5 mm</quantity>
|
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long, brown to dark, with 6 longitudinal ribs, unilocular;
|
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<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">placentas</emphasis>
|
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3;
|
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<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">style</emphasis>
|
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short, ca.
|
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<quantity metricMagnitude="-4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.0" unit="mm" value="0.3">0.3 mm</quantity>
|
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long, black/purplish;
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<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">stigma</emphasis>
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3-lobed, black-purplish,
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<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">stigma lobe</emphasis>
|
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oblong, ca.
|
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<quantity metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.0" unit="mm" value="3.0">3 mm</quantity>
|
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long, folded, bifid at apex, surface slightly papillose.
|
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<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Fruit</emphasis>
|
|
not observed.
|
|
</paragraph>
|
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</subSubSection>
|
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<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="materials_examined">
|
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
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<typeStatus isOtherTypeStatus="true">Additional specimens examined</typeStatus>
|
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(
|
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<typeStatus>paratypes</typeStatus>
|
|
).
|
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</paragraph>
|
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
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Peninsular
|
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<collectingCountry name="Malaysia">Malaysia</collectingCountry>
|
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:
|
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<collectingRegion country="Malaysia" name="Pahang">Pahang</collectingRegion>
|
|
, Bentong, Genting Highlands, ca.
|
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<quantity metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.137" unit="m" value="1137.0">1137 m</quantity>
|
|
elev.,
|
|
<materialsCitation accessionNumber="FRI91138" collectingDate="2022-04-07" collectorName="Siti-Munirah MY, Eddie C, Suhaida M" specimenCount="1">
|
|
<collectingDate value="2022-04-07">7 April 2022</collectingDate>
|
|
,
|
|
<collectorName>Siti-Munirah MY</collectorName>
|
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,
|
|
<collectorName>Eddie C</collectorName>
|
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&
|
|
<collectorName>Suhaida M</collectorName>
|
|
,
|
|
<accessionNumber httpUri="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/protein/FRI91138">FRI91138</accessionNumber>
|
|
a (KEP, spirit collection, barcode no. SC12021)
|
|
</materialsCitation>
|
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;
|
|
<materialsCitation accessionNumber="FRI91138" collectingDate="2022-04-07" collectorName="Siti-Munirah MY, Eddie C, Suhaida M" specimenCount="1">
|
|
<collectingDate value="2022-04-07">7 April 2022</collectingDate>
|
|
,
|
|
<collectorName>Siti-Munirah MY</collectorName>
|
|
,
|
|
<collectorName>Eddie C</collectorName>
|
|
&
|
|
<collectorName>Suhaida M</collectorName>
|
|
,
|
|
<accessionNumber httpUri="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/protein/FRI91138">FRI91138</accessionNumber>
|
|
b (KEP, spirit collection, barcode no. SC12020)
|
|
</materialsCitation>
|
|
</paragraph>
|
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</subSubSection>
|
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<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="distribution">
|
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Distribution.</paragraph>
|
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Endemic to Peninsular Malaysia, Pahang. Currently known only from the type locality.</paragraph>
|
|
<caption doi="10.3897/phytokeys.211.89453.figure1" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/754973" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" start="Figure 1" startId="F2">
|
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
|
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Figure 1.</emphasis>
|
|
<taxonomicName authorityName="Siti-Munirah & E. Chan" authorityYear="2022" class="Liliopsida" family="Thismiaceae" genus="Thismia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Thismia limkokthayi" order="Dioscoreales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="limkokthayi">
|
|
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Thismia limkokthayi</emphasis>
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|
with scale (all in centimetres (cm))
|
|
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">A</emphasis>
|
|
plants with mature (FRI91138c) and young flowers with long stems
|
|
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">B</emphasis>
|
|
mature flower with a very short stem (FRI91138b)
|
|
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">C</emphasis>
|
|
stamens (FRI FRI91138a). Photos by Siti-Munirah MY.
|
|
</paragraph>
|
|
</caption>
|
|
<caption doi="10.3897/phytokeys.211.89453.figure2" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/754974" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" start="Figure 2" startId="F3">
|
|
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
|
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Figure 2.</emphasis>
|
|
<taxonomicName authorityName="Siti-Munirah & E. Chan" authorityYear="2022" class="Liliopsida" family="Thismiaceae" genus="Thismia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Thismia limkokthayi" order="Dioscoreales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="limkokthayi">
|
|
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Thismia limkokthayi</emphasis>
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">A</emphasis>
|
|
coralliform roots
|
|
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">B</emphasis>
|
|
full flower
|
|
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">C</emphasis>
|
|
claviform tip of mitre appendage
|
|
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">D</emphasis>
|
|
longitudinal section of floral tube, showing inner surface
|
|
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">E</emphasis>
|
|
outer tepal and inner tepal
|
|
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">F</emphasis>
|
|
side view of mitre
|
|
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">G</emphasis>
|
|
mitre viewed from above
|
|
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">H</emphasis>
|
|
six stamens, viewed from below
|
|
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">I</emphasis>
|
|
outer view of a stamen
|
|
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">J</emphasis>
|
|
inner view of two pendulous stamens
|
|
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">K</emphasis>
|
|
detail of the side lobe on the supraconnective apex (side lobe with truncate tips that are recurved inwards)
|
|
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">L</emphasis>
|
|
ovary with style, stigma and flower bud surrounded by bracts
|
|
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">M</emphasis>
|
|
stigmas. All from FRI FRI91138a (
|
|
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">A, D, I, J, K, L, M</emphasis>
|
|
), FRI91138b (
|
|
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">H</emphasis>
|
|
) and FRI91138c (
|
|
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">B, C, E, F, G</emphasis>
|
|
). Photos by Siti-Munirah MY; images not to scale (see dimensions in description and Fig.
|
|
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 1" captionStartId="F2" captionText="Figure 1. Thismia limkokthayi with scale (all in centimetres (cm )) A plants with mature (FRI 91138 c) and young flowers with long stems B mature flower with a very short stem (FRI 91138 b) C stamens (FRI FRI 91138 a). Photos by Siti-Munirah MY." figureDoi="10.3897/phytokeys.211.89453.figure1" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/754973" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">1</figureCitation>
|
|
).
|
|
</paragraph>
|
|
</caption>
|
|
</subSubSection>
|
|
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="ecology">
|
|
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Ecology and habitat.</paragraph>
|
|
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
|
In lower montane forest and upper dipterocarp forest, on moist soil in shade, near an open space (hiking trail; Fig.
|
|
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 3" captionStartId="F4" captionText="Figure 3. Thismia limkokthayi Siti-Munirah & Eddie Chan A group photo with the T. limkokthayi (white arrow) in its habitat (from left; Angan A, Siti-Munirah MY, Eddie C, Ahmad Norsidar AH and Suhaida M) B-C different stages of anthesis of T. limkokthayi in its habitat (in situ) B two mature flowers from one individual C a fresh flower (on the left) and a new young flower starting to bloom (on the right). Photos by Siti-Munirah MY." figureDoi="10.3897/phytokeys.211.89453.figure3" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/754975" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">3A</figureCitation>
|
|
) and sloping area. This species occurs in a healthy undisturbed forest at an altitude of about 1137 m. The site is in a private forest and within a watershed. The forest area remains intact, apart from where it was affected by recent flooding and water surge (19 December 2021). The impact of this natural disaster completely reshaped part of the river area. However, this area is currently recovering. Fortunately, the only known population of
|
|
<taxonomicName authorityName="Siti-Munirah & E. Chan" authorityYear="2022" class="Liliopsida" family="Thismiaceae" genus="Thismia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Thismia limkokthayi" order="Dioscoreales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="limkokthayi">
|
|
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Thismia limkokthayi</emphasis>
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|
is located away from the riverbank, on the slope of the main trail. As a result of this discovery, the trail was moved to another part of the forest. The flowering period is from March to April.
|
|
</paragraph>
|
|
<caption doi="10.3897/phytokeys.211.89453.figure3" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/754975" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" start="Figure 3" startId="F4">
|
|
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
|
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Figure 3.</emphasis>
|
|
<taxonomicName authorityName="Siti-Munirah & E. Chan" authorityYear="2022" class="Liliopsida" family="Thismiaceae" genus="Thismia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Thismia limkokthayi" order="Dioscoreales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="limkokthayi">
|
|
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Thismia limkokthayi</emphasis>
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|
Siti-Munirah & Eddie Chan
|
|
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">A</emphasis>
|
|
group photo with the
|
|
<taxonomicName class="Liliopsida" family="Burmanniaceae" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="T. limkokthayi" order="Dioscoreales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="limkokthayi">
|
|
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">T. limkokthayi</emphasis>
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|
(white arrow) in its habitat (from left; Angan A, Siti-Munirah MY, Eddie C, Ahmad Norsidar AH and Suhaida M)
|
|
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">B-C</emphasis>
|
|
different stages of anthesis of
|
|
<taxonomicName class="Liliopsida" family="Burmanniaceae" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="T. limkokthayi" order="Dioscoreales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="limkokthayi">
|
|
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">T. limkokthayi</emphasis>
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|
in its habitat (in situ)
|
|
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">B</emphasis>
|
|
two mature flowers from one individual
|
|
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">C</emphasis>
|
|
a fresh flower (on the left) and a new young flower starting to bloom (on the right). Photos by Siti-Munirah MY.
|
|
</paragraph>
|
|
</caption>
|
|
</subSubSection>
|
|
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="etymology">
|
|
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Etymology.</paragraph>
|
|
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
|
<taxonomicName authorityName="Siti-Munirah & E. Chan" authorityYear="2022" class="Liliopsida" family="Thismiaceae" genus="Thismia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Thismia limkokthayi" order="Dioscoreales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="limkokthayi">
|
|
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Thismia limkokthayi</emphasis>
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|
was named in honour of Tan Sri Lim Kok Thay, Chairman of the Genting Group, who is closely involved in efforts to develop eco-tourism facilities and amenities supporting the preservation and sustainability of important biodiversity assets and sites in Genting Highlands.
|
|
</paragraph>
|
|
</subSubSection>
|
|
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="preliminary conservation status">
|
|
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Preliminary conservation status.</paragraph>
|
|
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
|
Following the IUCN Red List Categories and Criteria (
|
|
<bibRefCitation author="Imhof, S" journalOrPublisher="Proceedings of the Linnean Society of London" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" publicationUrl="http://www.iucnredlist.org/documents/RedListGuidelines.pdf" refId="B7" refString="2019. . http://www.iucnredlist.org/documents/RedListGuidelines.pdf" url="http://www.iucnredlist.org/documents/RedListGuidelines.pdf" year="2019">IUCN 2019</bibRefCitation>
|
|
), this species has been assessed as Critically Endangered (CR B2ab (iii); D) due to its small population and threats to its microhabitat. It is currently known from only one locality (the type locality) and is certainly a very rare species since only three individuals have been observed. Although the type locality is in a private forest, it may be exposed to future tourist activities in the Resorts World Genting Awana area. The habitat of the species is located on the original trail leading from the entrance of Clearwater Way to Chin Swee Caves Temple. However, since this is private land, the protection of this area from disturbance remains possible. As such, efforts must be made to locate this species in the surrounding area.
|
|
</paragraph>
|
|
</subSubSection>
|
|
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="notes">
|
|
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Notes.</paragraph>
|
|
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
|
<taxonomicName class="Liliopsida" family="Thismiaceae" genus="Thismia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Thismia" order="Dioscoreales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
|
|
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Thismia</emphasis>
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|
species are characterised by their peculiar appearance and flower morphology, which are distinctive and simultaneously very diverse (
|
|
<bibRefCitation DOI="https://doi.org/10.1093/botlinnean/boaa017" author="Shepeleva, EA" journalOrPublisher="Botanical Journal of the Linnean Society" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="287 - 315" refId="B10" refString="Shepeleva, EA, Schelkunov, MI, Hrones, M, Sochor, M, Dancak, M, Merckx, VSFT, Kikuchi, IABS, Chantanaorrapint, S, Suetsugu, K, Tsukaya, H, Mar, SS, Luu, HT, Li, H-Q, Logacheva, MD, Nuraliev, MS, 2020. Phylogenetics of the mycoheterotrophic genus Thismia (Thismiaceae: Dioscoreales) with a focus on the Old World taxa: Delineation of novel natural groups and insights into the evolution of morphological traits. Botanical Journal of the Linnean Society 193 (3): 287 - 315, DOI: https://doi.org/10.1093/botlinnean/boaa017" title="Phylogenetics of the mycoheterotrophic genus Thismia (Thismiaceae: Dioscoreales) with a focus on the Old World taxa: Delineation of novel natural groups and insights into the evolution of morphological traits." url="https://doi.org/10.1093/botlinnean/boaa017" volume="193" year="2020">Shepeleva et al. 2020</bibRefCitation>
|
|
). Most
|
|
<taxonomicName class="Liliopsida" family="Thismiaceae" genus="Thismia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Thismia" order="Dioscoreales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
|
|
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Thismia</emphasis>
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|
species have various unique structural combinations. Amongst them, there are species belonging to the
|
|
<taxonomicName class="Liliopsida" family="Thismiaceae" genus="Thismia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Thismia" order="Dioscoreales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
|
|
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Thismia</emphasis>
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|
group of which inner tepals are fused together in their upper part and form a roof-like or hat-like structure called a mitre. In Peninsular Malaysia, there are two groups of mitriform
|
|
<taxonomicName class="Liliopsida" family="Thismiaceae" genus="Thismia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Thismia" order="Dioscoreales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
|
|
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Thismia</emphasis>
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|
: first including
|
|
<taxonomicName class="Liliopsida" family="Thismiaceae" genus="Thismia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Thismia" order="Dioscoreales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
|
|
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Thismia</emphasis>
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|
species with mitre appendages (e.g.
|
|
<taxonomicName class="Liliopsida" family="Thismiaceae" genus="Thismia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Thismia clavigera" order="Dioscoreales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="clavigera">
|
|
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Thismia clavigera</emphasis>
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|
,
|
|
<taxonomicName authorityName="Siti-Munirah" authorityYear="2018" class="Liliopsida" family="Thismiaceae" genus="Thismia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Thismia kelantanensis" order="Dioscoreales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="kelantanensis">
|
|
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Thismia kelantanensis</emphasis>
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|
and
|
|
<taxonomicName class="Liliopsida" family="Burmanniaceae" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="T. clavigeroides" order="Dioscoreales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="clavigeroides">
|
|
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">T. clavigeroides</emphasis>
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|
) and second including
|
|
<taxonomicName class="Liliopsida" family="Thismiaceae" genus="Thismia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Thismia" order="Dioscoreales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
|
|
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Thismia</emphasis>
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|
species without appendages (e.g.
|
|
<taxonomicName class="Liliopsida" family="Burmanniaceae" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="T. latiffiana" order="Dioscoreales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="latiffiana">
|
|
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">T. latiffiana</emphasis>
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|
Siti-Munirah & Dome and
|
|
<taxonomicName class="Liliopsida" family="Burmanniaceae" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="T. sitimeriamiae" order="Dioscoreales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="sitimeriamiae">
|
|
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">T. sitimeriamiae</emphasis>
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|
Siti-Munirah, Dome & Thorogood).
|
|
</paragraph>
|
|
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
|
<taxonomicName authorityName="Siti-Munirah & E. Chan" authorityYear="2022" class="Liliopsida" family="Thismiaceae" genus="Thismia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Thismia limkokthayi" order="Dioscoreales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="limkokthayi">
|
|
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Thismia limkokthayi</emphasis>
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|
is easily recognised by a combination of the following characteristics: coralliform roots, erect outer perianth lobes, mitriform inner perianth lobes with three erect, slender, claviform appendages that form a mitre fovea with their flattened bases in the centre, absence of the annulus, presence of longitudinal ribs on the inner side of the floral tube (or absence of the reticulate inner side), the apex of stamens with a central lobe (prolongation of the rib) and two lateral lobes (the tips of each are recurved) and black-purple stigma.
|
|
</paragraph>
|
|
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
|
Based on the infrageneric classification of
|
|
<bibRefCitation DOI="https://doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.319.3.2" author="Kumar, P" journalOrPublisher="Phytotaxa" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="225 - 240" refId="B9" refString="Kumar, P, Gale, SW, Li, JH, Bouamanivong, S, Fischer, GA, 2017. Thismia nigricoronata, a new species of Burmanniaceae (Thismieae, Dioscoreales) from Vang Vieng, Vientiane Province, Laos, and a key to subgeneric classification. Phytotaxa 319 (3): 225 - 240, DOI: https://doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.319.3.2" title="Thismia nigricoronata, a new species of Burmanniaceae (Thismieae, Dioscoreales) from Vang Vieng, Vientiane Province, Laos, and a key to subgeneric classification." url="https://doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.319.3.2" volume="319" year="2017">Kumar et al. (2017)</bibRefCitation>
|
|
,
|
|
<taxonomicName class="Liliopsida" family="Burmanniaceae" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="T. limkokthayi" order="Dioscoreales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="limkokthayi">
|
|
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">T. limkokthayi</emphasis>
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|
superficially resembles
|
|
<taxonomicName class="Liliopsida" family="Thismiaceae" genus="Thismia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Thismia" order="Dioscoreales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
|
|
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Thismia</emphasis>
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|
species in the
|
|
<taxonomicName authority="Geomitra" class="Liliopsida" family="Thismiaceae" genus="Thismia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Thismia (Thismia) subsp. section" order="Dioscoreales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="section" section="Geomitra" subGenus="Thismia">Thismia subgenus Thismia section Geomitra</taxonomicName>
|
|
(Becc.) Kumar & S.W. Gale, mainly based on the presence of inner tepals forming a mitre, each with filiform appendage and central mitral appendages that are free from each other, with the outer tepals always being short (less than 2 mm long). Two species were included in section
|
|
<taxonomicName class="Liliopsida" family="Thismiaceae" genus="Thismia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Thismia" order="Dioscoreales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="section" section="Geomitra">Thismia Geomitra</taxonomicName>
|
|
:
|
|
<taxonomicName class="Liliopsida" family="Burmanniaceae" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="T. clavigera" order="Dioscoreales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="clavigera">
|
|
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">T. clavigera</emphasis>
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|
(Becc.) F. Muell. and
|
|
<taxonomicName class="Liliopsida" family="Burmanniaceae" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="T. betung-kerihunensis" order="Dioscoreales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="betung-kerihunensis">
|
|
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">T. betung-kerihunensis</emphasis>
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|
Tsukaya & H. Okada.
|
|
</paragraph>
|
|
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
|
To date,
|
|
<taxonomicName class="Liliopsida" family="Burmanniaceae" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="T. limkokthayi" order="Dioscoreales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="limkokthayi">
|
|
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">T. limkokthayi</emphasis>
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|
has not been included in any DNA-based analysis. According to the classification proposed by
|
|
<bibRefCitation DOI="https://doi.org/10.1093/botlinnean/boaa017" author="Shepeleva, EA" journalOrPublisher="Botanical Journal of the Linnean Society" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="287 - 315" refId="B10" refString="Shepeleva, EA, Schelkunov, MI, Hrones, M, Sochor, M, Dancak, M, Merckx, VSFT, Kikuchi, IABS, Chantanaorrapint, S, Suetsugu, K, Tsukaya, H, Mar, SS, Luu, HT, Li, H-Q, Logacheva, MD, Nuraliev, MS, 2020. Phylogenetics of the mycoheterotrophic genus Thismia (Thismiaceae: Dioscoreales) with a focus on the Old World taxa: Delineation of novel natural groups and insights into the evolution of morphological traits. Botanical Journal of the Linnean Society 193 (3): 287 - 315, DOI: https://doi.org/10.1093/botlinnean/boaa017" title="Phylogenetics of the mycoheterotrophic genus Thismia (Thismiaceae: Dioscoreales) with a focus on the Old World taxa: Delineation of novel natural groups and insights into the evolution of morphological traits." url="https://doi.org/10.1093/botlinnean/boaa017" volume="193" year="2020">Shepeleva et al. (2020)</bibRefCitation>
|
|
,
|
|
<taxonomicName class="Liliopsida" family="Burmanniaceae" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="T. limkokthayi" order="Dioscoreales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="limkokthayi">
|
|
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">T. limkokthayi</emphasis>
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|
is possibly related to species in clade 3 because it is characterised by coralliform roots, inner tepals fused into a mitre and free mitre appendages extending from a central point. Within clade 3 (i.e. section
|
|
<taxonomicName class="Liliopsida" family="Thismiaceae" genus="Thismia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Thismia" order="Dioscoreales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="section" section="Sarcosiphon">Thismia Sarcosiphon</taxonomicName>
|
|
sensu
|
|
<bibRefCitation author="Jonker, FP" editor="van Steenis, CGGJ" journalOrPublisher="Noordhoff-Kolf, Leiden, series 1 (4)" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="13 - 26" refId="B8" refString="Jonker, FP, 1948. Burmanniaceae. In: van Steenis, CGGJ, Ed., Flora Malesiana. Noordhoff-Kolf, Leiden, series 1(4): 13 - 26" title="Burmanniaceae." volumeTitle="Flora Malesiana." year="1948">Jonker 1948</bibRefCitation>
|
|
), there are two morphologically distinct groups characterised by the presence of a prominent central rib along the inner side of the connective and the absence of an annulus (
|
|
<bibRefCitation DOI="https://doi.org/10.3372/wi.50.50106" author="Dancak, M" journalOrPublisher="Willdenowia" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="65 - 76" refId="B4" refString="Dancak, M, Hrones, M, Sochor, M, 2020. Thismia ornata and T. coronata (Thismiaceae), two new species from Sarawak, Borneo. Willdenowia 50 (1): 65 - 76, DOI: https://doi.org/10.3372/wi.50.50106" title="Thismia ornata and T. coronata (Thismiaceae), two new species from Sarawak, Borneo." url="https://doi.org/10.3372/wi.50.50106" volume="50" year="2020">
|
|
<normalizedToken originalValue="Dančák">Dancak</normalizedToken>
|
|
et al. 2020
|
|
</bibRefCitation>
|
|
). They can be distinguished by the presence of distinct appendages at the top of the mitre (
|
|
<taxonomicName class="Liliopsida" family="Burmanniaceae" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="T. clavigera" order="Dioscoreales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="clavigera">
|
|
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">T. clavigera</emphasis>
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|
group) or their absence (
|
|
<taxonomicName class="Liliopsida" family="Burmanniaceae" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="T. goodii" order="Dioscoreales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="goodii">
|
|
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">T. goodii</emphasis>
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|
group). However, their exact relationship cannot be clarified until more species in both groups are sequenced.
|
|
</paragraph>
|
|
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
|
Currently, there are five species known in the
|
|
<taxonomicName class="Liliopsida" family="Burmanniaceae" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="T. clavigera" order="Dioscoreales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="clavigera">
|
|
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">T. clavigera</emphasis>
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|
group:
|
|
<taxonomicName class="Liliopsida" family="Burmanniaceae" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="T. betung-kerihunensis" order="Dioscoreales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="betung-kerihunensis">
|
|
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">T. betung-kerihunensis</emphasis>
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|
,
|
|
<taxonomicName class="Liliopsida" family="Burmanniaceae" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="T. clavigera" order="Dioscoreales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="clavigera">
|
|
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">T. clavigera</emphasis>
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|
,
|
|
<taxonomicName class="Liliopsida" family="Burmanniaceae" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="T. clavigeroides" order="Dioscoreales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="clavigeroides">
|
|
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">T. clavigeroides</emphasis>
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|
Chantanaorr & Seelanan,
|
|
<taxonomicName class="Liliopsida" family="Burmanniaceae" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="T. kelantanensis" order="Dioscoreales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="kelantanensis">
|
|
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">T. kelantanensis</emphasis>
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|
Siti-Munirah and
|
|
<taxonomicName class="Liliopsida" family="Burmanniaceae" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="T. sumatrana" order="Dioscoreales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="sumatrana">
|
|
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">T. sumatrana</emphasis>
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|
Suetsugu & Tsukaya (
|
|
<bibRefCitation DOI="https://doi.org/10.1600/036364412X616639" author="Tsukaya, H" journalOrPublisher="Systematic Botany" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="53 - 57" refId="B15" refString="Tsukaya, H, Okada, H, 2012. A new species of Thismia (Thismiaceae) from West Kalimantan, Borneo. Systematic Botany 37 (1): 53 - 57, DOI: https://doi.org/10.1600/036364412X616639" title="A new species of Thismia (Thismiaceae) from West Kalimantan, Borneo." url="https://doi.org/10.1600/036364412X616639" volume="37" year="2012">Tsukaya and Okada 2012</bibRefCitation>
|
|
;
|
|
<bibRefCitation DOI="https://doi.org/10.1007/s12225-018-9767-0" author="Siti-Munirah, MY" journalOrPublisher="Botanical Journal of the Linnean Society" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" refId="B11" refString="Siti-Munirah, MY, 2018. Thismia kelantanensis (Thismiaceae), a new species from Kelantan, Peninsular Malaysia. Kew Bulletin 73(3): e42. https://doi.org/10.1007/s12225-018-9767-0" title="Thismia kelantanensis (Thismiaceae), a new species from Kelantan, Peninsular Malaysia. Kew Bulletin 73 (3): e 42." url="https://doi.org/10.1007/s12225-018-9767-0" year="2018">Siti-Munirah 2018</bibRefCitation>
|
|
;
|
|
<bibRefCitation DOI="https://doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.113.29103" author="Suetsugu, K" journalOrPublisher="PhytoKeys" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="59 - 67" refId="B14" refString="Suetsugu, K, Tsukaya, H, Nurainas, N, Okada, H, 2018. Thismia sumatrana (Thismiaceae), a new species from West Sumatra, Indonesia, with discussions on the taxonomic identity of Thismia clavigera. PhytoKeys 113: 59 - 67, DOI: https://doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.113.29103" title="Thismia sumatrana (Thismiaceae), a new species from West Sumatra, Indonesia, with discussions on the taxonomic identity of Thismia clavigera." url="https://doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.113.29103" volume="113" year="2018">Suetsugu et al. 2018</bibRefCitation>
|
|
;
|
|
<bibRefCitation DOI="https://doi.org/10.1600/036364421X16128061189468" author="Chantanaorrapint, S" journalOrPublisher="Systematic Botany" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="18 - 23" refId="B2" refString="Chantanaorrapint, S, Seelanan, T, 2021. Thismia clavigeroides (Thismiaceae), a new mycoheterotrophic species from Thailand. Systematic Botany 46 (1): 18 - 23, DOI: https://doi.org/10.1600/036364421X16128061189468" title="Thismia clavigeroides (Thismiaceae), a new mycoheterotrophic species from Thailand." url="https://doi.org/10.1600/036364421X16128061189468" volume="46" year="2021">Chantanaorrapint and Seelanan 2021</bibRefCitation>
|
|
).
|
|
<taxonomicName authorityName="Siti-Munirah & E. Chan" authorityYear="2022" class="Liliopsida" family="Thismiaceae" genus="Thismia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Thismia limkokthayi" order="Dioscoreales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="limkokthayi">
|
|
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Thismia limkokthayi</emphasis>
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|
clearly differs from all these species by the absence of transverse bars on the inner surface of the floral tube. Notably,
|
|
<taxonomicName class="Liliopsida" family="Burmanniaceae" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="T. limkokthayi" order="Dioscoreales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="limkokthayi">
|
|
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">T. limkokthayi</emphasis>
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|
clearly resembles
|
|
<taxonomicName class="Liliopsida" family="Burmanniaceae" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="T. kelantanensis" order="Dioscoreales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="kelantanensis">
|
|
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">T. kelantanensis</emphasis>
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|
, an endemic species from Kelantan (Malay Peninsula), which also has three slender, claviform appendages at the tip of the mitre and erect outer tepals. However,
|
|
<taxonomicName class="Liliopsida" family="Burmanniaceae" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="T. kelantanensis" order="Dioscoreales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="kelantanensis">
|
|
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">T. kelantanensis</emphasis>
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|
is easily distinguished from
|
|
<taxonomicName class="Liliopsida" family="Burmanniaceae" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="T. limkokthayi" order="Dioscoreales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="limkokthayi">
|
|
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">T. limkokthayi</emphasis>
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|
by its bluish filaments and stamens, as well as the six-part cap on the mitre. Additionally, it also resembles
|
|
<taxonomicName class="Liliopsida" family="Burmanniaceae" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="T. clavigeroides" order="Dioscoreales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="clavigeroides">
|
|
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">T. clavigeroides</emphasis>
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|
Chantanaorr & Seelanan from Thailand and
|
|
<taxonomicName class="Liliopsida" family="Burmanniaceae" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="T. sumatrana" order="Dioscoreales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="sumatrana">
|
|
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">T. sumatrana</emphasis>
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|
Suetsugu & Tsukaya from Sumatra in its general appearance. However,
|
|
<taxonomicName class="Liliopsida" family="Burmanniaceae" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="T. limkokthayi" order="Dioscoreales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="limkokthayi">
|
|
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">T. limkokthayi</emphasis>
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|
differs from both of these species by the curved outer lobes on the supraconnective apex. Moreover, the connective appendage of
|
|
<taxonomicName class="Liliopsida" family="Burmanniaceae" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="T. sumatrana" order="Dioscoreales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="sumatrana">
|
|
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">T. sumatrana</emphasis>
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|
is hairy, while it is glabrous in
|
|
<taxonomicName class="Liliopsida" family="Burmanniaceae" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="T. limkokthayi" order="Dioscoreales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="limkokthayi">
|
|
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">T. limkokthayi</emphasis>
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|
and the flower colour of
|
|
<taxonomicName class="Liliopsida" family="Burmanniaceae" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="T. clavigeroides" order="Dioscoreales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="clavigeroides">
|
|
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">T. clavigeroides</emphasis>
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|
(including the stamens) is almost whitish, while that of
|
|
<taxonomicName class="Liliopsida" family="Burmanniaceae" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="T. limkokthayi" order="Dioscoreales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="limkokthayi">
|
|
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">T. limkokthayi</emphasis>
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|
is blackish-brown. A comparison of morphological characteristics between
|
|
<taxonomicName class="Liliopsida" family="Burmanniaceae" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="T. limkokthayi" order="Dioscoreales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="limkokthayi">
|
|
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">T. limkokthayi</emphasis>
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|
and other related species is presented in Table
|
|
<tableCitation captionStart="Table 1" captionStartId="T1" captionText="Table 1. Morphological differences between Thismia limkokthayi and related species. The characters of previously-described species are taken from the protologues and recent publications on T. betung-kerihunensis (Tsukaya and Okada 2012), T. clavigera (Chantanaorrapint and Chantanaorrapint 2009), T. kelantanensis (Siti-Munirah 2018) and T. sumatrana (Suetsugu et al. 2018)." httpUri="http://table.plazi.org/id/3A45A696C69340C8179B303244C62E77" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" tableUuid="3A45A696C69340C8179B303244C62E77">1</tableCitation>
|
|
.
|
|
</paragraph>
|
|
<caption ID-Table-UUID="3A45A696C69340C8179B303244C62E77" httpUri="http://table.plazi.org/id/3A45A696C69340C8179B303244C62E77" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" start="Table 1" startId="T1">
|
|
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
|
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Table 1.</emphasis>
|
|
Morphological differences between
|
|
<taxonomicName authorityName="Siti-Munirah & E. Chan" authorityYear="2022" class="Liliopsida" family="Thismiaceae" genus="Thismia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Thismia limkokthayi" order="Dioscoreales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="limkokthayi">
|
|
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Thismia limkokthayi</emphasis>
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|
and related species. The characters of previously-described species are taken from the protologues and recent publications on
|
|
<taxonomicName class="Liliopsida" family="Burmanniaceae" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="T. betung-kerihunensis" order="Dioscoreales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="betung-kerihunensis">
|
|
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">T. betung-kerihunensis</emphasis>
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|
(
|
|
<bibRefCitation DOI="https://doi.org/10.1600/036364412X616639" author="Tsukaya, H" journalOrPublisher="Systematic Botany" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="53 - 57" refId="B15" refString="Tsukaya, H, Okada, H, 2012. A new species of Thismia (Thismiaceae) from West Kalimantan, Borneo. Systematic Botany 37 (1): 53 - 57, DOI: https://doi.org/10.1600/036364412X616639" title="A new species of Thismia (Thismiaceae) from West Kalimantan, Borneo." url="https://doi.org/10.1600/036364412X616639" volume="37" year="2012">Tsukaya and Okada 2012</bibRefCitation>
|
|
),
|
|
<taxonomicName class="Liliopsida" family="Burmanniaceae" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="T. clavigera" order="Dioscoreales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="clavigera">
|
|
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">T. clavigera</emphasis>
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|
(
|
|
<bibRefCitation author="Chantanaorrapint, S" journalOrPublisher="Thai Forest Bulletin (Botany)" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="27 - 31" refId="B1" refString="Chantanaorrapint, S, Chantanaorrapint, A, 2009. Thismia clavigera (Thismiaceae), a new record for Thailand. Thai Forest Bulletin (Botany) 37: 27 - 31" title="Thismia clavigera (Thismiaceae), a new record for Thailand." volume="37" year="2009">Chantanaorrapint and Chantanaorrapint 2009</bibRefCitation>
|
|
),
|
|
<taxonomicName class="Liliopsida" family="Burmanniaceae" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="T. kelantanensis" order="Dioscoreales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="kelantanensis">
|
|
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">T. kelantanensis</emphasis>
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|
(
|
|
<bibRefCitation DOI="https://doi.org/10.1007/s12225-018-9767-0" author="Siti-Munirah, MY" journalOrPublisher="Botanical Journal of the Linnean Society" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" refId="B11" refString="Siti-Munirah, MY, 2018. Thismia kelantanensis (Thismiaceae), a new species from Kelantan, Peninsular Malaysia. Kew Bulletin 73(3): e42. https://doi.org/10.1007/s12225-018-9767-0" title="Thismia kelantanensis (Thismiaceae), a new species from Kelantan, Peninsular Malaysia. Kew Bulletin 73 (3): e 42." url="https://doi.org/10.1007/s12225-018-9767-0" year="2018">Siti-Munirah 2018</bibRefCitation>
|
|
) and
|
|
<taxonomicName class="Liliopsida" family="Burmanniaceae" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="T. sumatrana" order="Dioscoreales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="sumatrana">
|
|
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">T. sumatrana</emphasis>
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|
(
|
|
<bibRefCitation DOI="https://doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.113.29103" author="Suetsugu, K" journalOrPublisher="PhytoKeys" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="59 - 67" refId="B14" refString="Suetsugu, K, Tsukaya, H, Nurainas, N, Okada, H, 2018. Thismia sumatrana (Thismiaceae), a new species from West Sumatra, Indonesia, with discussions on the taxonomic identity of Thismia clavigera. PhytoKeys 113: 59 - 67, DOI: https://doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.113.29103" title="Thismia sumatrana (Thismiaceae), a new species from West Sumatra, Indonesia, with discussions on the taxonomic identity of Thismia clavigera." url="https://doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.113.29103" volume="113" year="2018">Suetsugu et al. 2018</bibRefCitation>
|
|
).
|
|
</paragraph>
|
|
</caption>
|
|
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
|
<table pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
|
<tr pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
|
<th colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rowspan="1">Characters</th>
|
|
<th colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rowspan="1">
|
|
<taxonomicName class="Liliopsida" family="Burmanniaceae" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="T. limkokthayi" order="Dioscoreales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="limkokthayi">
|
|
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">T. limkokthayi</emphasis>
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|
</th>
|
|
<th colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rowspan="1">
|
|
<taxonomicName class="Liliopsida" family="Burmanniaceae" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="T. betung-kerihunensis" order="Dioscoreales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="betung-kerihunensis">
|
|
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">T. betung-kerihunensis</emphasis>
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|
</th>
|
|
<th colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rowspan="1">
|
|
<taxonomicName class="Liliopsida" family="Burmanniaceae" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="T. clavigera" order="Dioscoreales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="clavigera">
|
|
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">T. clavigera</emphasis>
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|
</th>
|
|
<th colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rowspan="1">
|
|
<taxonomicName class="Liliopsida" family="Burmanniaceae" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="T. clavigeroides" order="Dioscoreales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="clavigeroides">
|
|
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">T. clavigeroides</emphasis>
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|
</th>
|
|
<th colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rowspan="1">
|
|
<taxonomicName class="Liliopsida" family="Burmanniaceae" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="T. kelantanensis" order="Dioscoreales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="kelantanensis">
|
|
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">T. kelantanensis</emphasis>
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|
</th>
|
|
<th colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rowspan="1">
|
|
<taxonomicName class="Liliopsida" family="Burmanniaceae" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="T. sumatrana" order="Dioscoreales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="sumatrana">
|
|
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">T. sumatrana</emphasis>
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|
</th>
|
|
</tr>
|
|
<tr pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
|
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rowspan="1">
|
|
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Colour of floral tube</emphasis>
|
|
</td>
|
|
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rowspan="1">Black-brownish/brown-blackish</td>
|
|
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rowspan="1">White with indigo and brown to pale brown with purple-dark blue</td>
|
|
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rowspan="1">White-orangish</td>
|
|
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rowspan="1">Whitish</td>
|
|
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rowspan="1">Pale to bright and dark blue-purplish translucent,</td>
|
|
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rowspan="1">Unknown</td>
|
|
</tr>
|
|
<tr pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
|
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rowspan="1">
|
|
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Colour of mitre</emphasis>
|
|
</td>
|
|
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rowspan="1">Black-brownish/brown-blackish</td>
|
|
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rowspan="1">Blue-green</td>
|
|
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rowspan="1">Yellowish-orange</td>
|
|
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rowspan="1">Pale brown or grey</td>
|
|
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rowspan="1">Yellow to bright orange</td>
|
|
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rowspan="1">Unknown</td>
|
|
</tr>
|
|
<tr pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
|
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rowspan="1">
|
|
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Colour of inner tepal lobes</emphasis>
|
|
</td>
|
|
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rowspan="1">Brown-blackish</td>
|
|
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rowspan="1">Blue-green</td>
|
|
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rowspan="1">Orange</td>
|
|
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rowspan="1">Pale brown or grey</td>
|
|
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rowspan="1">Bright orange</td>
|
|
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rowspan="1">Unknown</td>
|
|
</tr>
|
|
<tr pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
|
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rowspan="1">
|
|
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Outer tepal</emphasis>
|
|
</td>
|
|
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rowspan="1">Erect</td>
|
|
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rowspan="1">Erect</td>
|
|
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rowspan="1">Erect</td>
|
|
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rowspan="1">Reflexed</td>
|
|
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rowspan="1">Erect</td>
|
|
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rowspan="1">Reflexed</td>
|
|
</tr>
|
|
<tr pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
|
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rowspan="1">
|
|
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Colour of filament</emphasis>
|
|
</td>
|
|
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rowspan="1">Orange and white</td>
|
|
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rowspan="1">Blue-green</td>
|
|
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rowspan="1">Orange</td>
|
|
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rowspan="1">White</td>
|
|
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rowspan="1">Bright blue</td>
|
|
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rowspan="1">Unknown</td>
|
|
</tr>
|
|
<tr pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
|
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rowspan="1">
|
|
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Colour of appendages</emphasis>
|
|
</td>
|
|
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rowspan="1">Dark brown to pale orange</td>
|
|
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rowspan="1">Pale blue tinged with orange</td>
|
|
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rowspan="1">Orange</td>
|
|
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rowspan="1">Pale brown or grey below, blue-green at tip</td>
|
|
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rowspan="1">Orange</td>
|
|
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rowspan="1">Unknown</td>
|
|
</tr>
|
|
<tr pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
|
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rowspan="1">
|
|
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Fovea</emphasis>
|
|
</td>
|
|
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rowspan="1">Present</td>
|
|
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rowspan="1">Absent</td>
|
|
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rowspan="1">Absent</td>
|
|
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rowspan="1">Absent</td>
|
|
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rowspan="1">Absent</td>
|
|
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rowspan="1">Absent</td>
|
|
</tr>
|
|
<tr pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
|
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rowspan="1">
|
|
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Apex of supraconnective</emphasis>
|
|
</td>
|
|
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rowspan="1">One central lobe (extension of the rib) and two smaller side lobes with tips recurved inwards/truncate, glabrous</td>
|
|
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rowspan="1">One central lobe (extension of the rib) and two smaller side lobes, hairy</td>
|
|
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rowspan="1">Acute</td>
|
|
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rowspan="1">One central lobe (extension of the rib) and two smaller side lobes</td>
|
|
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rowspan="1">Acuminate</td>
|
|
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rowspan="1">Acute, hairy</td>
|
|
</tr>
|
|
<tr pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
|
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rowspan="1">
|
|
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Presence of transverse bars</emphasis>
|
|
</td>
|
|
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rowspan="1">Absent</td>
|
|
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rowspan="1">Present</td>
|
|
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rowspan="1">Present</td>
|
|
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rowspan="1">Present</td>
|
|
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rowspan="1">Present</td>
|
|
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rowspan="1">Present</td>
|
|
</tr>
|
|
</table>
|
|
</paragraph>
|
|
</subSubSection>
|
|
</treatment>
|
|
</document> |