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<document id="7ACCEBDC5E50C4E2FB4C2EC3FC0B1B00" ID-CLB-Dataset="59550" ID-DOI="10.5852/ejt.2023.885.2197" ID-GBIF-Dataset="a165ce07-d051-4d17-8f86-8b60886980a2" ID-ISSN="2118-9773" ID-Zenodo-Dep="8205386" ID-ZooBank="16930D00-0D5E-4080-9C2F-EFADE47DC4CD" IM.bibliography_approvedBy="felipe" IM.illustrations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.tables_approvedBy="felipe" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" IM.treatmentCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.treatments_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1690898532708" checkinUser="felipe" docAuthor="Benda, Daniel, Pohl, Hans, Nakase, Yuta, Beutel, Rolf &amp; Straka, Jakub" docDate="2023" docId="F0668782FFF6FFEBFF678ACBFACFFC63" docLanguage="en" docName="ejt-885_134-155.pdf" docOrigin="European Journal of Taxonomy 885 (1)" docSource="http://zoobank.org/16930d00-0d5e-4080-9c2f-efade47dc4cd" docStyle="DocumentStyle:EF2B578F1D15862ADE45B0C07C620911.14:EJT.2018-.journal_article.type1" docStyleId="EF2B578F1D15862ADE45B0C07C620911" docStyleName="EJT.2018-.journal_article.type1" docStyleVersion="14" docTitle="Paraxenos Saunders 1872" docType="key" docVersion="4" lastPageNumber="151" masterDocId="0C5FFFFAFFE6FFFAFFDA8E60FFB8FF86" masterDocTitle="A new species of the genus Paraxenos Saunders, 1872 (Strepsiptera: Xenidae) from Bembix digger wasps (Hymenoptera: Bembicidae) and a redescription of Paraxenos hungaricus (Székessy, 1955)" masterLastPageNumber="155" masterPageNumber="134" pageNumber="150" updateTime="1699550086075" updateUser="plazi" zenodo-license-document="CC-BY-4.0" zenodo-license-figures="CC-BY-4.0" zenodo-license-treatments="UNSPECIFIED">
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<mods:title id="C65F6FFA144B6F74AB147D2585B2D501">A new species of the genus Paraxenos Saunders, 1872 (Strepsiptera: Xenidae) from Bembix digger wasps (Hymenoptera: Bembicidae) and a redescription of Paraxenos hungaricus (Székessy, 1955)</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="74C121DAA48029416AE26DC5416BD115">Benda, Daniel</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="32CE4D5924B02BAE8716844C5B9A7AA8">Department of Zoology, Faculty of Science, Charles University, Prague, Czech Republic. &amp; Department of Entomology, National Museum, Prague, Czech Republic.</mods:affiliation>
<mods:nameIdentifier id="F6F5C41C5FCA00D24548429ADB2E7C54" type="email">benda.daniel@email.cz</mods:nameIdentifier>
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<mods:namePart id="7C6307FEA6D66736A10DA737C432CECB">Pohl, Hans</mods:namePart>
<mods:nameIdentifier id="D071ACCF2181BC354A2E8023B8339038" type="LSID">092A4B3D-879B-4BCE-AD13-784C73494EA3</mods:nameIdentifier>
<mods:affiliation id="D1DC13107F026A036912CF13777AA084">Institut für Zoologie und Evolutionsforschung, Friedrich-Schiller-Universität, Jena, Germany.</mods:affiliation>
<mods:nameIdentifier id="2EF58C7E1A82353B77D55DF295588D77" type="email">hans.pohl@uni-jena.de</mods:nameIdentifier>
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<mods:namePart id="42DF78A54694FAE583F5A55CD70D0F31">Nakase, Yuta</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="F44A7467BFE0ECC392C67F98C0EA627A">Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Shinshu University, Matsumoto, Japan.</mods:affiliation>
<mods:nameIdentifier id="CF844C838AB235738CC636CD6AE4B1E9" type="email">yuta.nakase@gmail.com</mods:nameIdentifier>
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<mods:namePart id="A9CC96499D61C2FD4B4782A64B708144">Beutel, Rolf</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="DF98CDD1CAC6C1616189DF5788B77D70">Institut für Zoologie und Evolutionsforschung, Friedrich-Schiller-Universität, Jena, Germany.</mods:affiliation>
<mods:nameIdentifier id="FEC88BDD7680B4FEC0F551444DB0B2F5" type="email">rolf.beutel@uni-jena.de</mods:nameIdentifier>
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<mods:namePart id="AD4822A625FDD907365C695EE6BE5C4F">Straka, Jakub</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="CEDC4A84BF33B5D66EABAC3814D70780">Department of Zoology, Faculty of Science, Charles University, Prague, Czech Republic.</mods:affiliation>
<mods:nameIdentifier id="F9089F0DD626191EB8BBB9DC3605126B" type="email">jakub.straka@aculeataresearch.com</mods:nameIdentifier>
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<mods:title id="A3BC34D0086176CE96876E811CDB7737">European Journal of Taxonomy</mods:title>
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<mods:date id="EB355A30A5359DA667323BE7A951493E">2023</mods:date>
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<treatment id="F0668782FFF6FFEBFF678ACBFACFFC63" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.8206032" ID-GBIF-Taxon="212423713" ID-Zenodo-Dep="8206032" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:F0668782FFF6FFEBFF678ACBFACFFC63" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/F0668782FFF6FFEBFF678ACBFACFFC63" lastPageId="17" lastPageNumber="151" pageId="16" pageNumber="150">
<subSubSection id="30D5651FFFF6FFEAFF678ACBFAAEFB6E" pageId="16" pageNumber="150" type="nomenclature">
<paragraph id="78703694FFF6FFEAFF678ACBFAAEFB6E" blockId="16.[189,1398,1194,1256]" pageId="16" pageNumber="150">
<emphasis id="4ABBEA86FFF6FFEAFF678ACBFDC5FB6E" bold="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="150">
Key to species of
<taxonomicName id="BFCF4D17FFF6FFEAFE528ACBFD7CFB42" ID-CoL="8KXXW" ID-ENA="1068853" authority="Saunders, 1872" authorityName="Saunders" authorityYear="1872" box="[392,708,1194,1221]" class="Insecta" family="Xenidae" genus="Paraxenos" kingdom="Animalia" order="Strepsiptera" pageId="16" pageNumber="150" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="4ABBEA86FFF6FFEAFE528ACBFDB0FB43" bold="true" box="[392,520,1195,1221]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="150">Paraxenos</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="1C5E4B65FFF6FFEAFDD38ACAFD7CFB42" author="Saunders S. S." box="[521,708,1194,1220]" pageId="16" pageNumber="150" pagination="1 - 48" refId="ref10951" refString="Saunders S. S. 1872. Stylopidarum, ordinem Strepsipterorum Kirbii constituentium, mihi tamen potius Coleopterorum Familiae, Rhipiphoridis Meloidisque propinquae, Monographia. Transactions of the Entomological Society of London 20: 1 - 48. Available from https: // www. biodiversitylibrary. org / page / 14778241 [accessed 19 May 2023]." type="journal article" year="1872">Saunders, 1872</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
parasitizing digger wasps of the genus
<taxonomicName id="BFCF4D17FFF6FFEAFB4C8ACAFF4FFB6E" authority="Fabricius, 1775" authorityName="Fabricius" authorityYear="1775" class="Insecta" family="Crabronidae" genus="Bembix" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="16" pageNumber="150" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="4ABBEA86FFF6FFEAFB4C8ACAFB4AFB43" bold="true" box="[1174,1266,1194,1221]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="150">Bembix</emphasis>
Fabricius, 1775
</taxonomicName>
based on female cephalothorax
</emphasis>
(modified and extended from
<bibRefCitation id="1C5E4B65FFF6FFEAFC078AAEFAB7FB6E" author="Kifune T. &amp; Hirashima Y." box="[989,1295,1230,1256]" pageId="16" pageNumber="150" pagination="155 - 160" refId="ref10261" refString="Kifune T. &amp; Hirashima Y. 1987. Three new species of the genus Paraxenos (Strepsiptera: Stylopidae) parasitic on Bembix (Hymenoptera: Sphecidae) of Sri Lanka and Australia in the collection of the Smithsonian Institution (Notulae Strepsipterologicae-XVII). Esakia 25: 155 - 160." type="journal article" year="1987">Kifune &amp; Hirashima 1987</bibRefCitation>
)
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="30D5651FFFF6FFEBFF678A9DFACFFE55" lastPageId="17" lastPageNumber="151" pageId="16" pageNumber="150" type="key">
<key id="0C5E61A5FFF6FFEBFF678A9DFACFFE55" lastPageId="17" lastPageNumber="151" pageId="16" pageNumber="150">
<keyStep id="C33B2E31FFF6FFEAFF678A9DFACFFABC" pageId="16" pageNumber="150">
<paragraph id="78703694FFF6FFEAFF678A9DFACFFA91" blockId="16.[189,1399,1276,1962]" box="[189,1399,1276,1303]" pageId="16" pageNumber="150">
<keyLead id="C33E95A1FFF6FFEAFF678A9DFACFFA91" box="[189,1399,1276,1303]" pageId="16" pageNumber="150">1. Old World distribution ...................................................................................................................... 2</keyLead>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="78703694FFF6FFEAFF1B8B40FACFFABC" blockId="16.[189,1399,1276,1962]" box="[193,1399,1312,1338]" pageId="16" pageNumber="150">
<keyLead id="C33E95A1FFF6FFEAFF1B8B40FACFFABC" box="[193,1399,1312,1338]" pageId="16" pageNumber="150">– Australian distribution ...................................................................................................................... 4</keyLead>
</paragraph>
</keyStep>
<keyStep id="C33B2E31FFF6FFEAFF678B01FACFFA44" pageId="16" pageNumber="150">
<paragraph id="78703694FFF6FFEAFF678B01FACFFAFD" blockId="16.[189,1399,1276,1962]" box="[189,1399,1377,1404]" pageId="16" pageNumber="150">
<keyLead id="C33E95A1FFF6FFEAFF678B01FACFFAFD" box="[189,1399,1377,1404]" pageId="16" pageNumber="150">
2. Mandible completely enclosed in mandibular capsule (md,
<figureCitation id="E0F42A11FFF6FFEAFC788B01FBBAFAFD" box="[930,1026,1377,1403]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="6.[189,232,1704,1730]" captionTargetBox="[189,1398,651,1648]" captionTargetId="figure-116@6.[189,1398,651,1648]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="Fig. 2. Paraxenos arabicus Benda &amp; Straka sp. nov. A–B. Female (NMPC), cephalothorax. C–D. Male (NMPC), cephalotheca. A. Detail of ventral side. B. Detail of dorsal side. C. Frontal view. D. Lateral view. Abbreviations: a = vestigial antenna; cl = clypeus; cll = clypeal lobe; coe = compound eye; dlf = dorsal labral field of labral area; fr = frontal region; fssf = furrow of supra-antennal sensillary field; gn = gena; lba = labial area; lehc = lateral extension of head capsule (lateral cephalic extension); md = mandible; mx = vestige of maxilla; mxb = maxillary base; mxp = vestige of maxillary palp; os = mouth opening; pom = postmentum; prm = praementum; pst = prosternum (prosternal extension); pstp = prosternal papilla; sbhp = segmental border between head and prothorax; smxg = submaxillary groove; ssf = supra-antennal sensillary field; vlf = ventral labral field of labral area." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.8205392" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/8205392/files/figure.png" pageId="16" pageNumber="150">Figs 2A</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="E0F42A11FFF6FFEAFBD48B01FB8AFAFD" box="[1038,1074,1377,1403]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="14.[189,232,1710,1736]" captionTargetBox="[189,1398,265,1650]" captionTargetId="figure-12@14.[189,1398,264,1650]" captionTargetPageId="14" captionText="Fig. 6. Paraxenos hungaricus (Székessy, 1955), ♀ (OLML), cephalothorax, SEM micrographs. A. Anterior part of cephalothorax, ventral side. B. Anterior part of cephalothorax, dorsal side. C. Mouthparts, ventral side. D. Detail of anterior border of cephalothorax, ventral side. E. Right mandible and maxilla, ventral side. F. Left mandible and maxilla, ventral side. Abbreviations: cl = clypeus; cls = clypeal sensillum; dlf = dorsal labral field of labral area; lba = labial area; ls = labral seta in cavity (spine-shaped sensillum); md = mandible; mx = vestige of maxilla; mxb = maxillary base; mxs = maxillary sensillum; sb cl = segmental border between clypeus and labrum; smxg = submaxillary groove; vlf = ventral labral field of labral area." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.8205400" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/8205400/files/figure.png" pageId="16" pageNumber="150">6C</figureCitation>
) ....................................... 3
</keyLead>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="78703694FFF6FFEAFF1B8BE5FACFFA44" blockId="16.[189,1399,1276,1962]" pageId="16" pageNumber="150">
<keyLead id="C33E95A1FFF6FFEAFF1B8BE5FACFFA44" pageId="16" pageNumber="150">
– Mandible projecting beyond anterior edge of head capsule (md,
<figureCitation id="E0F42A11FFF6FFEAFC218BE4FBFDFA18" box="[1019,1093,1412,1438]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="15.[189,232,1928,1954]" captionTargetBox="[189,1398,1143,1884]" captionTargetId="figure-192@15.[189,1398,1143,1884]" captionTargetPageId="15" captionText="Fig. 7.Paraxenos krombeini Kifune &amp;Hirashima, 1987,holotype, ♀ (KUMC), cephalothorax.A.Anterior part of cephalothorax, ventral side. B. Anterior part of cephalothorax, dorsal side. Abbreviations: lba = labial area; md = mandible; mx = vestige of maxilla." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.8205402" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/8205402/files/figure.png" pageId="16" pageNumber="150">Fig. 7</figureCitation>
); host:
<taxonomicName id="BFCF4D17FFF6FFEAFB798BE4FE73FA44" ID-CoL="LGLT" authority="(Handlirsch, 1893)" baseAuthorityName="Handlirsch" baseAuthorityYear="1893" class="Insecta" family="Crabronidae" genus="Bembix" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="16" pageNumber="150" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="orientalis">
<emphasis id="4ABBEA86FFF6FFEAFB798BE4FACEFA18" box="[1187,1398,1412,1438]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="150">Bembix orientalis</emphasis>
(Handlirsch, 1893)
</taxonomicName>
;
<collectingCountry id="00D87604FFF6FFEAFE0D8BC7FDF2FA47" box="[471,586,1447,1473]" name="Sri Lanka" pageId="16" pageNumber="150">Sri Lanka</collectingCountry>
.............................
<taxonomicName id="BFCF4D17FFF6FFEAFCEB8BC8FACFFA44" ID-CoL="4DJ23" authority="Kifune &amp; Hirashima, 1987" authorityName="Kifune &amp; Hirashima" authorityYear="1987" box="[817,1399,1447,1474]" class="Insecta" family="Xenidae" genus="Paraxenos" kingdom="Animalia" order="Strepsiptera" pageId="16" pageNumber="150" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="krombeini">
<emphasis id="4ABBEA86FFF6FFEAFCEB8BC8FB8DFA44" bold="true" box="[817,1077,1447,1474]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="150">Paraxenos krombeini</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="1C5E4B65FFF6FFEAFBE68BC7FACFFA44" author="Kifune T. &amp; Hirashima Y." box="[1084,1399,1447,1474]" pageId="16" pageNumber="150" pagination="155 - 160" refId="ref10261" refString="Kifune T. &amp; Hirashima Y. 1987. Three new species of the genus Paraxenos (Strepsiptera: Stylopidae) parasitic on Bembix (Hymenoptera: Sphecidae) of Sri Lanka and Australia in the collection of the Smithsonian Institution (Notulae Strepsipterologicae-XVII). Esakia 25: 155 - 160." type="journal article" year="1987">Kifune &amp; Hirashima, 1987</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
</keyLead>
</paragraph>
</keyStep>
<keyStep id="C33B2E31FFF6FFEAFF678B89FACFF82C" pageId="16" pageNumber="150">
<paragraph id="78703694FFF6FFEAFF678B89FACEF951" blockId="16.[189,1399,1276,1962]" pageId="16" pageNumber="150">
<keyLead id="C33E95A1FFF6FFEAFF678B89FACEF951" pageId="16" pageNumber="150">
3. Maxilla anteriorly directed, maxillary base ~ 2–3× as wide as distal part of maxilla (mxb, mx,
<figureCitation id="E0F42A11FFF6FFEAFF30886CFEDDF9A0" box="[234,357,1548,1574]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="14.[189,232,1710,1736]" captionTargetBox="[189,1398,265,1650]" captionTargetId="figure-12@14.[189,1398,264,1650]" captionTargetPageId="14" captionText="Fig. 6. Paraxenos hungaricus (Székessy, 1955), ♀ (OLML), cephalothorax, SEM micrographs. A. Anterior part of cephalothorax, ventral side. B. Anterior part of cephalothorax, dorsal side. C. Mouthparts, ventral side. D. Detail of anterior border of cephalothorax, ventral side. E. Right mandible and maxilla, ventral side. F. Left mandible and maxilla, ventral side. Abbreviations: cl = clypeus; cls = clypeal sensillum; dlf = dorsal labral field of labral area; lba = labial area; ls = labral seta in cavity (spine-shaped sensillum); md = mandible; mx = vestige of maxilla; mxb = maxillary base; mxs = maxillary sensillum; sb cl = segmental border between clypeus and labrum; smxg = submaxillary groove; vlf = ventral labral field of labral area." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.8205400" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/8205400/files/figure.png" pageId="16" pageNumber="150">Fig. 6E–F</figureCitation>
); labial area between maxillae distinctly wider than long in midline (lba,
<figureCitation id="E0F42A11FFF6FFEAFB1F886CFA99F9A0" box="[1221,1313,1548,1574]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="14.[189,232,1710,1736]" captionTargetBox="[189,1398,265,1650]" captionTargetId="figure-12@14.[189,1398,264,1650]" captionTargetPageId="14" captionText="Fig. 6. Paraxenos hungaricus (Székessy, 1955), ♀ (OLML), cephalothorax, SEM micrographs. A. Anterior part of cephalothorax, ventral side. B. Anterior part of cephalothorax, dorsal side. C. Mouthparts, ventral side. D. Detail of anterior border of cephalothorax, ventral side. E. Right mandible and maxilla, ventral side. F. Left mandible and maxilla, ventral side. Abbreviations: cl = clypeus; cls = clypeal sensillum; dlf = dorsal labral field of labral area; lba = labial area; ls = labral seta in cavity (spine-shaped sensillum); md = mandible; mx = vestige of maxilla; mxb = maxillary base; mxs = maxillary sensillum; sb cl = segmental border between clypeus and labrum; smxg = submaxillary groove; vlf = ventral labral field of labral area." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.8205400" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/8205400/files/figure.png" pageId="16" pageNumber="150">Fig. 6C</figureCitation>
); shiny area near submaxillary groove without conspicuous dark papillae on lateral cephalic extensions (lehc,
<figureCitation id="E0F42A11FFF6FFEAFEEC8832FE2DF9EB" box="[310,405,1618,1645]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="9.[189,232,1716,1742]" captionTargetBox="[189,1398,656,1668]" captionTargetId="figure-112@9.[189,1398,656,1668]" captionTargetPageId="9" captionText="Fig. 3. Paraxenos hungaricus(Székessy, 1955), host, female cephalothorax (OLML). A. Bembix rostrata (Linnaeus, 1758) stylopized by P. hungaricus, lateral view. B. Detail of host abdomen of B. rostrata, with adult female. C. P. hungaricus from B. rostrata, ventral side of cephalothorax. D. P. hungaricus from B. rostrata, dorsal side of cephalothorax. Abbreviations: asI = abdominal segment I; cll = clypeal lobe; csI = constriction of abdominal segment I; lehc = lateral extension of head capsule; mst = mesosternum; mtst = metasternum; pst = prosternum (prosternal extension); sb ma = segmental border between metathorax and abdomen; sb = segmental border between mesothorax and metathorax; sb = mm pm segmental border between prothorax and mesothorax; sp = spiracle." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.8205394" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/8205394/files/figure.png" pageId="16" pageNumber="150">Fig. 3C</figureCitation>
; lehc, smxg,
<figureCitation id="E0F42A11FFF6FFEAFDED8832FD2FF9EA" box="[567,663,1618,1644]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="14.[189,232,1710,1736]" captionTargetBox="[189,1398,265,1650]" captionTargetId="figure-12@14.[189,1398,264,1650]" captionTargetPageId="14" captionText="Fig. 6. Paraxenos hungaricus (Székessy, 1955), ♀ (OLML), cephalothorax, SEM micrographs. A. Anterior part of cephalothorax, ventral side. B. Anterior part of cephalothorax, dorsal side. C. Mouthparts, ventral side. D. Detail of anterior border of cephalothorax, ventral side. E. Right mandible and maxilla, ventral side. F. Left mandible and maxilla, ventral side. Abbreviations: cl = clypeus; cls = clypeal sensillum; dlf = dorsal labral field of labral area; lba = labial area; ls = labral seta in cavity (spine-shaped sensillum); md = mandible; mx = vestige of maxilla; mxb = maxillary base; mxs = maxillary sensillum; sb cl = segmental border between clypeus and labrum; smxg = submaxillary groove; vlf = ventral labral field of labral area." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.8205400" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/8205400/files/figure.png" pageId="16" pageNumber="150">Fig. 6A</figureCitation>
); dark lateral region of abdominal segment I below spiracles distinctly contrasting to pale coloration of thorax on dorsal side (asI,
<figureCitation id="E0F42A11FFF6FFEAFB8A8816FB0AF916" box="[1104,1202,1654,1680]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="9.[189,232,1716,1742]" captionTargetBox="[189,1398,656,1668]" captionTargetId="figure-112@9.[189,1398,656,1668]" captionTargetPageId="9" captionText="Fig. 3. Paraxenos hungaricus(Székessy, 1955), host, female cephalothorax (OLML). A. Bembix rostrata (Linnaeus, 1758) stylopized by P. hungaricus, lateral view. B. Detail of host abdomen of B. rostrata, with adult female. C. P. hungaricus from B. rostrata, ventral side of cephalothorax. D. P. hungaricus from B. rostrata, dorsal side of cephalothorax. Abbreviations: asI = abdominal segment I; cll = clypeal lobe; csI = constriction of abdominal segment I; lehc = lateral extension of head capsule; mst = mesosternum; mtst = metasternum; pst = prosternum (prosternal extension); sb ma = segmental border between metathorax and abdomen; sb = segmental border between mesothorax and metathorax; sb = mm pm segmental border between prothorax and mesothorax; sp = spiracle." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.8205394" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/8205394/files/figure.png" pageId="16" pageNumber="150">Fig. 3D</figureCitation>
); hosts:
<taxonomicName id="BFCF4D17FFF6FFEAFAC48816FE5AF935" ID-CoL="LGLJ" authority="Panzer, 1801" authorityName="Panzer" authorityYear="1801" class="Insecta" family="Crabronidae" genus="Bembix" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="16" pageNumber="150" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="oculata">
<emphasis id="4ABBEA86FFF6FFEAFAC48816FEFAF935" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="150">Bembix oculata</emphasis>
Panzer, 1801
</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName id="BFCF4D17FFF6FFEAFE3788F9FCC2F932" ID-CoL="5WJ3M" authority="(Linnaeus, 1758)" baseAuthorityName="Linnaeus" baseAuthorityYear="1758" box="[493,890,1689,1716]" class="Insecta" family="Crabronidae" genus="Bembix" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="16" pageNumber="150" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="rostrata">
<emphasis id="4ABBEA86FFF6FFEAFE3788F9FD10F935" box="[493,680,1689,1715]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="150">Bembix rostrata</emphasis>
(Linnaeus, 1758)
</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName id="BFCF4D17FFF6FFEAFC5E88F9FBBFF935" box="[900,1031,1689,1715]" class="Insecta" family="Crabronidae" genus="Bembix" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="16" pageNumber="150" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="undetermined">
<emphasis id="4ABBEA86FFF6FFEAFC5E88F9FC64F935" box="[900,988,1689,1715]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="150">Bembix</emphasis>
sp.
</taxonomicName>
; distribution: widespread in the Palearctic Region ..............................................................
<taxonomicName id="BFCF4D17FFF6FFEAFC4C88DCFACEF951" ID-CoL="4DHZY" authority="(Szekessy, 1955)" authorityName="Palearctic" baseAuthorityName="Szekessy" baseAuthorityYear="1955" box="[918,1398,1724,1751]" class="Insecta" family="Xenidae" genus="Paraxenos" kingdom="Animalia" order="Strepsiptera" pageId="16" pageNumber="150" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="hungaricus">
<emphasis id="4ABBEA86FFF6FFEAFC4C88DCFB11F951" bold="true" box="[918,1193,1724,1751]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="150">Paraxenos hungaricus</emphasis>
(
<bibRefCitation id="1C5E4B65FFF6FFEAFB6288DCFAD6F951" author="Szekessy V." box="[1208,1390,1724,1751]" pageId="16" pageNumber="150" pagination="279 - 284" refId="ref11011" refString="Szekessy V. 1955. Eine neue Strepsipteren-Art aus Ungarn sowie die durch die Stylopisierung an ihrem Wirt hervorgerufenen Veranderungen. Annales Historico-Naturales Musei Nationalis Hungarici 6: 279 - 284." type="journal article" year="1955">Székessy, 1955</bibRefCitation>
)
</taxonomicName>
</keyLead>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="78703694FFF6FFEAFF1B8880FACFF82C" blockId="16.[189,1399,1276,1962]" pageId="16" pageNumber="150">
<keyLead id="C33E95A1FFF6FFEAFF1B8880FACFF82C" pageId="16" pageNumber="150">
– Maxilla anteromedially directed, maxillary base ~ 3× as wide as distal part (mxb, mx,
<figureCitation id="E0F42A11FFF6FFEAFAD288BFFAD0F97F" box="[1288,1384,1759,1785]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="6.[189,232,1704,1730]" captionTargetBox="[189,1398,651,1648]" captionTargetId="figure-116@6.[189,1398,651,1648]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="Fig. 2. Paraxenos arabicus Benda &amp; Straka sp. nov. A–B. Female (NMPC), cephalothorax. C–D. Male (NMPC), cephalotheca. A. Detail of ventral side. B. Detail of dorsal side. C. Frontal view. D. Lateral view. Abbreviations: a = vestigial antenna; cl = clypeus; cll = clypeal lobe; coe = compound eye; dlf = dorsal labral field of labral area; fr = frontal region; fssf = furrow of supra-antennal sensillary field; gn = gena; lba = labial area; lehc = lateral extension of head capsule (lateral cephalic extension); md = mandible; mx = vestige of maxilla; mxb = maxillary base; mxp = vestige of maxillary palp; os = mouth opening; pom = postmentum; prm = praementum; pst = prosternum (prosternal extension); pstp = prosternal papilla; sbhp = segmental border between head and prothorax; smxg = submaxillary groove; ssf = supra-antennal sensillary field; vlf = ventral labral field of labral area." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.8205392" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/8205392/files/figure.png" pageId="16" pageNumber="150">Fig. 2A</figureCitation>
); labial area between maxillae slightly wider than long (lba,
<figureCitation id="E0F42A11FFF6FFEAFC648962FB98F89B" box="[958,1056,1794,1821]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="6.[189,232,1704,1730]" captionTargetBox="[189,1398,651,1648]" captionTargetId="figure-116@6.[189,1398,651,1648]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="Fig. 2. Paraxenos arabicus Benda &amp; Straka sp. nov. A–B. Female (NMPC), cephalothorax. C–D. Male (NMPC), cephalotheca. A. Detail of ventral side. B. Detail of dorsal side. C. Frontal view. D. Lateral view. Abbreviations: a = vestigial antenna; cl = clypeus; cll = clypeal lobe; coe = compound eye; dlf = dorsal labral field of labral area; fr = frontal region; fssf = furrow of supra-antennal sensillary field; gn = gena; lba = labial area; lehc = lateral extension of head capsule (lateral cephalic extension); md = mandible; mx = vestige of maxilla; mxb = maxillary base; mxp = vestige of maxillary palp; os = mouth opening; pom = postmentum; prm = praementum; pst = prosternum (prosternal extension); pstp = prosternal papilla; sbhp = segmental border between head and prothorax; smxg = submaxillary groove; ssf = supra-antennal sensillary field; vlf = ventral labral field of labral area." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.8205392" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/8205392/files/figure.png" pageId="16" pageNumber="150">Fig. 2A</figureCitation>
); lateral cephalic extensions completely dull on ventral side (lehc,
<figureCitation id="E0F42A11FFF6FFEAFD648946FCA7F8C6" box="[702,799,1830,1856]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="6.[189,232,1704,1730]" captionTargetBox="[189,1398,651,1648]" captionTargetId="figure-116@6.[189,1398,651,1648]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="Fig. 2. Paraxenos arabicus Benda &amp; Straka sp. nov. A–B. Female (NMPC), cephalothorax. C–D. Male (NMPC), cephalotheca. A. Detail of ventral side. B. Detail of dorsal side. C. Frontal view. D. Lateral view. Abbreviations: a = vestigial antenna; cl = clypeus; cll = clypeal lobe; coe = compound eye; dlf = dorsal labral field of labral area; fr = frontal region; fssf = furrow of supra-antennal sensillary field; gn = gena; lba = labial area; lehc = lateral extension of head capsule (lateral cephalic extension); md = mandible; mx = vestige of maxilla; mxb = maxillary base; mxp = vestige of maxillary palp; os = mouth opening; pom = postmentum; prm = praementum; pst = prosternum (prosternal extension); pstp = prosternal papilla; sbhp = segmental border between head and prothorax; smxg = submaxillary groove; ssf = supra-antennal sensillary field; vlf = ventral labral field of labral area." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.8205392" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/8205392/files/figure.png" pageId="16" pageNumber="150">Fig. 2A</figureCitation>
), covered by conspicuous, densely arranged dark papillae; lateral region of abdominal segment I below spiracles only slightly darker on dorsal side (asI,
<figureCitation id="E0F42A11FFF6FFEAFEFC890CFE3AF800" box="[294,386,1900,1926]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="5.[189,232,1752,1778]" captionTargetBox="[189,1398,722,1708]" captionTargetId="figure-132@5.[189,1398,722,1708]" captionTargetPageId="5" captionText="Fig. 1. Paraxenos arabicus Benda &amp; Straka sp. nov., host, male puparium, female cephalothorax. A. Bembix kohli Morice, 1897 stylopized by P. arabicus sp. nov., lateral view. B. Detail of host abdomen of B. kohli, with male puparium. C–D. Holotype of P. arabicus sp. nov., ♀ (NMPC) from B. kohli. C. Ventral side of cephalothorax. D. Dorsal side of cephalothorax. Abbreviations: asI = abdominal segment I; cll = clypeal lobe; csI = constriction of abdominal segment I; lehc = lateral extension of head capsule; mst = mesosternum; mtst = metasternum; pst = prosternum (prosternal extension); sb ma = segmental border between metathorax and abdomen; sb mm = segmental border between mesothorax and metathorax; sb pm = segmental border between prothorax and mesothorax; sp = spiracle." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.8205390" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/8205390/files/figure.png" pageId="16" pageNumber="150">Fig. 1D</figureCitation>
); host:
<taxonomicName id="BFCF4D17FFF6FFEAFE02890CFCA3F800" ID-CoL="LDCJ" authority="Morice, 1897" authorityName="Morice" authorityYear="1897" box="[472,795,1900,1926]" class="Insecta" family="Crabronidae" genus="Bembix" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="16" pageNumber="150" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="kohli">
<emphasis id="4ABBEA86FFF6FFEAFE02890CFDCBF800" box="[472,627,1900,1926]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="150">Bembix kohli</emphasis>
Morice, 1897
</taxonomicName>
; distribution:
<collectingCountry id="00D87604FFF6FFEAFC64890CFB05F800" box="[958,1213,1900,1926]" name="United Arab Emirates" pageId="16" pageNumber="150">United Arab Emirates</collectingCountry>
....................... ...............................................................................................................
<taxonomicName id="BFCF4D17FFF6FFEAFBFF89F0FAADF82C" authority="Benda &amp; Pohl &amp; Nakase &amp; Beutel &amp; Straka, 2023" authorityName="Benda &amp; Pohl &amp; Nakase &amp; Beutel &amp; Straka" authorityYear="2023" box="[1061,1301,1935,1962]" class="Insecta" family="Xenidae" genus="Paraxenos" kingdom="Animalia" order="Strepsiptera" pageId="16" pageNumber="150" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="arabicus" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="4ABBEA86FFF6FFEAFBFF89F0FAADF82C" bold="true" box="[1061,1301,1935,1962]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="150">Paraxenos arabicus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="518857FDFFF6FFEAFAC689F0FACFF82C" box="[1308,1399,1936,1962]" pageId="16" pageNumber="150" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</keyLead>
</paragraph>
</keyStep>
<keyStep id="C33B2E31FFF7FFEBFF678F69FACFFE55" pageId="17" pageNumber="151">
<paragraph id="78703694FFF7FFEBFF678F69FACFFEEF" blockId="17.[189,1399,265,467]" pageId="17" pageNumber="151">
<keyLead id="C33E95A1FFF7FFEBFF678F69FACFFEEF" pageId="17" pageNumber="151">
4. Spiracles situated at about midlength of cephalothorax; maximum width of cephalothorax ca
<quantity id="BF379B71FFF7FFEBFACD8F69FACAFEA5" box="[1303,1394,265,291]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.8" pageId="17" pageNumber="151" unit="mm" value="1.8">1.8 mm</quantity>
; host:
<taxonomicName id="BFCF4D17FFF7FFEBFEF18F4CFD1EFEC1" ID-CoL="LGCC" authority="F. Smith, 1856" authorityName="F. Smith" authorityYear="1856" box="[299,678,300,327]" class="Insecta" family="Crabronidae" genus="Bembix" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="17" pageNumber="151" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="atrifrons">
<emphasis id="4ABBEA86FFF7FFEBFEF18F4CFE48FEC0" box="[299,496,300,326]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="151">Bembix atrifrons</emphasis>
F. Smith, 1856
</taxonomicName>
; distribution:
<collectingRegion id="BA0BF876FFF7FFEBFC938F4DFBA2FEC0" box="[841,1050,300,327]" country="Australia" name="Western Australia" pageId="17" pageNumber="151">Western Australia</collectingRegion>
............................................. ...........................................................................
<taxonomicName id="BFCF4D17FFF7FFEBFCC78F30FACFFEEF" ID-CoL="4DJ2C" authority="Kifune &amp; Hirashima, 1987" authorityName="Kifune &amp; Hirashima" authorityYear="1987" box="[797,1399,335,362]" class="Insecta" family="Xenidae" genus="Paraxenos" kingdom="Animalia" order="Strepsiptera" pageId="17" pageNumber="151" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="occidentalis">
<emphasis id="4ABBEA86FFF7FFEBFCC78F30FB8CFEEC" bold="true" box="[797,1076,335,362]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="151">Paraxenos occidentalis</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="1C5E4B65FFF7FFEBFBE68F2FFACFFEEF" author="Kifune T. &amp; Hirashima Y." box="[1084,1399,335,361]" pageId="17" pageNumber="151" pagination="155 - 160" refId="ref10261" refString="Kifune T. &amp; Hirashima Y. 1987. Three new species of the genus Paraxenos (Strepsiptera: Stylopidae) parasitic on Bembix (Hymenoptera: Sphecidae) of Sri Lanka and Australia in the collection of the Smithsonian Institution (Notulae Strepsipterologicae-XVII). Esakia 25: 155 - 160." type="journal article" year="1987">Kifune &amp; Hirashima, 1987</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
</keyLead>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="78703694FFF7FFEBFF1B8F13FACFFE55" blockId="17.[189,1399,265,467]" pageId="17" pageNumber="151">
<keyLead id="C33E95A1FFF7FFEBFF1B8F13FACFFE55" pageId="17" pageNumber="151">
– Spiracles situated at about basal third of cephalothorax; maximum width of cephalothorax ca
<quantity id="BF379B71FFF7FFEBFACD8F12FACAFE0B" box="[1303,1394,370,397]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.6" pageId="17" pageNumber="151" unit="mm" value="1.6">1.6 mm</quantity>
; lateral margins of cephalothorax evenly curved; host:
<taxonomicName id="BFCF4D17FFF7FFEBFC848FF6FB63FE36" ID-CoL="68J4K" authority="Handlirsch, 1894" authorityName="Handlirsch" authorityYear="1894" box="[862,1243,406,432]" class="Insecta" family="Crabronidae" genus="Bembix" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="17" pageNumber="151" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="musca">
<emphasis id="4ABBEA86FFF7FFEBFC848FF6FBBFFE36" box="[862,1031,406,432]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="151">Bembix musca</emphasis>
Handlirsch, 1894
</taxonomicName>
; distribution:
<collectingCountry id="00D87604FFF7FFEBFF308FD9FEEEFE55" box="[234,342,441,467]" name="Australia" pageId="17" pageNumber="151">Australia</collectingCountry>
(
<collectingRegion id="BA0BF876FFF7FFEBFEBF8FD9FE4BFE55" box="[357,499,441,467]" country="Australia" name="Queensland" pageId="17" pageNumber="151">Queensland</collectingRegion>
) ...................................
<taxonomicName id="BFCF4D17FFF7FFEBFCC98FD9FACFFE55" ID-CoL="4DHZF" authority="Kifune &amp; Hirashima, 1987" authorityName="Kifune &amp; Hirashima" authorityYear="1987" box="[787,1399,440,467]" class="Insecta" family="Xenidae" genus="Paraxenos" kingdom="Animalia" order="Strepsiptera" pageId="17" pageNumber="151" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="australiensis">
<emphasis id="4ABBEA86FFF7FFEBFCC98FD9FB8CFE55" bold="true" box="[787,1076,440,467]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="151">Paraxenos australiensis</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="1C5E4B65FFF7FFEBFBE68FD9FACFFE55" author="Kifune T. &amp; Hirashima Y." box="[1084,1399,441,467]" pageId="17" pageNumber="151" pagination="155 - 160" refId="ref10261" refString="Kifune T. &amp; Hirashima Y. 1987. Three new species of the genus Paraxenos (Strepsiptera: Stylopidae) parasitic on Bembix (Hymenoptera: Sphecidae) of Sri Lanka and Australia in the collection of the Smithsonian Institution (Notulae Strepsipterologicae-XVII). Esakia 25: 155 - 160." type="journal article" year="1987">Kifune &amp; Hirashima, 1987</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
</keyLead>
</paragraph>
</keyStep>
</key>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="30D5651FFFF7FFEBFF678F9BFB17FDE0" pageId="17" pageNumber="151" type="multiple">
<paragraph id="78703694FFF7FFEBFF678F9BFD66FDBE" blockId="17.[189,1399,506,568]" pageId="17" pageNumber="151">
<emphasis id="4ABBEA86FFF7FFEBFF678F9BFAB4FD93" bold="true" box="[189,1292,506,533]" pageId="17" pageNumber="151">
Key to species of
<taxonomicName id="BFCF4D17FFF7FFEBFE758F9BFCB9FD92" authority="Saunders, 1872" authorityName="Saunders" authorityYear="1872" box="[431,769,506,533]" class="Insecta" family="Xenidae" genus="Paraxenos" kingdom="Animalia" order="Strepsiptera" pageId="17" pageNumber="151" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="4ABBEA86FFF7FFEBFE758F9BFD88FD93" bold="true" box="[431,560,507,533]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="151">Paraxenos</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="1C5E4B65FFF7FFEBFDE48F9AFCB9FD92" author="Saunders S. S." box="[574,769,506,532]" pageId="17" pageNumber="151" pagination="1 - 48" refId="ref10951" refString="Saunders S. S. 1872. Stylopidarum, ordinem Strepsipterorum Kirbii constituentium, mihi tamen potius Coleopterorum Familiae, Rhipiphoridis Meloidisque propinquae, Monographia. Transactions of the Entomological Society of London 20: 1 - 48. Available from https: // www. biodiversitylibrary. org / page / 14778241 [accessed 19 May 2023]." type="journal article" year="1872">Saunders, 1872</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
parasitizing digger wasps of the genus
</emphasis>
<emphasis id="4ABBEA86FFF7FFEBFAC08F9AFD66FDBE" bold="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="151">
<taxonomicName id="BFCF4D17FFF7FFEBFAC08F9AFEC3FDB1" authority="Fabricius, 1775" authorityName="Fabricius" authorityYear="1775" class="Insecta" family="Crabronidae" genus="Bembix" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="17" pageNumber="151" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="4ABBEA86FFF7FFEBFAC08F9AFACFFD93" bold="true" box="[1306,1399,506,533]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="151">Bembix</emphasis>
Fabricius, 1775
</taxonomicName>
based on male cephalotheca
</emphasis>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="78703694FFF7FFEBFF678C2CFB17FDE0" blockId="17.[189,1199,588,615]" box="[189,1199,588,615]" pageId="17" pageNumber="151">
Cephalotheca of
<taxonomicName id="BFCF4D17FFF7FFEBFE5E8C2DFD26FDE0" authorityName="Kifune &amp; Hirashima" authorityYear="1987" box="[388,670,588,614]" class="Insecta" family="Xenidae" genus="Paraxenos" kingdom="Animalia" order="Strepsiptera" pageId="17" pageNumber="151" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="australiensis">
<emphasis id="4ABBEA86FFF7FFEBFE5E8C2DFD26FDE0" box="[388,670,588,614]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="151">Paraxenos australiensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName id="BFCF4D17FFF7FFEBFD778C2DFCFCFDE0" authorityName="Kifune &amp; Hirashima" authorityYear="1987" box="[685,836,588,615]" class="Insecta" family="Xenidae" genus="Paraxenos" kingdom="Animalia" order="Strepsiptera" pageId="17" pageNumber="151" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="krombeini">
<emphasis id="4ABBEA86FFF7FFEBFD778C2DFD07FDE0" box="[685,703,589,614]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="151">P</emphasis>
.
<emphasis id="4ABBEA86FFF7FFEBFD148C2CFCFCFDE0" box="[718,836,588,614]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="151">krombeini</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, and
<taxonomicName id="BFCF4D17FFF7FFEBFC5E8C2DFB8AFDE0" authorityName="Kifune &amp; Hirashima" authorityYear="1987" box="[900,1074,588,615]" class="Insecta" family="Xenidae" genus="Paraxenos" kingdom="Animalia" order="Strepsiptera" pageId="17" pageNumber="151" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="occidentalis">
<emphasis id="4ABBEA86FFF7FFEBFC5E8C2DFC2EFDE0" box="[900,918,589,614]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="151">P</emphasis>
.
<emphasis id="4ABBEA86FFF7FFEBFC7E8C2CFB8AFDE0" box="[932,1074,588,614]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="151">occidentalis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
unknown.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="30D5651FFFF7FFEBFF678CEEFACFFC63" pageId="17" pageNumber="151" type="key">
<keyStep id="C33B2E31FFF7FFEBFF678CEEFACFFC63" pageId="17" pageNumber="151">
<key id="0C5E61A5FFF7FFEBFF678CEEFACFFC63" pageId="17" pageNumber="151">
<paragraph id="78703694FFF7FFEBFF678CEEFACEFCDE" blockId="17.[189,1399,653,997]" pageId="17" pageNumber="151">
<keyLead id="C33E95A1FFF7FFEBFF678CEEFACEFCDE" pageId="17" pageNumber="151">
1. Clypeal lobe distinctly wider than length of mandible (cll,
<figureCitation id="E0F42A11FFF7FFEBFC698CEDFBB7FD2E" box="[947,1039,653,680]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="12.[189,232,1574,1600]" captionTargetBox="[330,1258,265,1531]" captionTargetId="figure-12@12.[330,1258,265,1531]" captionTargetPageId="12" captionText="Fig. 4. A–E. Paraxenos hungaricus (Székessy, 1955), ♂ (NMPC). F. Paraxenos arabicus Benda &amp; Straka sp. nov., ♂ (NMPC). A. Frontal view of cephalotheca). B. Lateral view of cephalotheca. C. Ventral view of anterior part of the puparium. D. Dorsal view of anterior part of the puparium. E. Detail of cephalotheca, frontal view. F. Detail of cephalotheca, frontal view. Abbreviations: a = vestigial antenna; asI = abdominal segment I; cl = clypeus; cll = clypeal lobe; coe = compound eye; csI = constriction of abdominal segment I; dlf = dorsal labral field of labral area; fr = frontal region (frons); fssf = furrow of supra-antennal sensillary field; gn = gena; hyp = hypopharynx; lgI = foreleg; lgII = middle leg; lgIII = hindleg; md = mandible; mst = mesosternum; mtst = metasternum; mx = maxilla; mxp = vestige of maxillary palp; pom = postmentum; prm = praementum; pst = prosternum; sb hp = segmental border between head and prothorax; sb = segmental border between metathorax and ma abdomen; sb = segmental border between mesothorax and metathorax; sbpm = segmental border mm between prothorax and mesothorax; ssf = supra-antennal sensillary field; vlf = ventral labral field of labral area; wbI = wing buds I; wbII = wing buds II." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.8205396" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/8205396/files/figure.png" pageId="17" pageNumber="151">Fig. 4E</figureCitation>
); distance between mandibles very distinctly exceeding mandibular length; maxilla at base ~ 2× as wide as mandible (mx,
<figureCitation id="E0F42A11FFF7FFEBFACC8CD1FF46FD68" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="12.[189,232,1574,1600]" captionTargetBox="[330,1258,265,1531]" captionTargetId="figure-12@12.[330,1258,265,1531]" captionTargetPageId="12" captionText="Fig. 4. A–E. Paraxenos hungaricus (Székessy, 1955), ♂ (NMPC). F. Paraxenos arabicus Benda &amp; Straka sp. nov., ♂ (NMPC). A. Frontal view of cephalotheca). B. Lateral view of cephalotheca. C. Ventral view of anterior part of the puparium. D. Dorsal view of anterior part of the puparium. E. Detail of cephalotheca, frontal view. F. Detail of cephalotheca, frontal view. Abbreviations: a = vestigial antenna; asI = abdominal segment I; cl = clypeus; cll = clypeal lobe; coe = compound eye; csI = constriction of abdominal segment I; dlf = dorsal labral field of labral area; fr = frontal region (frons); fssf = furrow of supra-antennal sensillary field; gn = gena; hyp = hypopharynx; lgI = foreleg; lgII = middle leg; lgIII = hindleg; md = mandible; mst = mesosternum; mtst = metasternum; mx = maxilla; mxp = vestige of maxillary palp; pom = postmentum; prm = praementum; pst = prosternum; sb hp = segmental border between head and prothorax; sb = segmental border between metathorax and ma abdomen; sb = segmental border between mesothorax and metathorax; sbpm = segmental border mm between prothorax and mesothorax; ssf = supra-antennal sensillary field; vlf = ventral labral field of labral area; wbI = wing buds I; wbII = wing buds II." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.8205396" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/8205396/files/figure.png" pageId="17" pageNumber="151">Fig. 4A, E</figureCitation>
); clypeus (clypeal lobe) prominent in lateral view, but blunt anteriorly (cl,
<figureCitation id="E0F42A11FFF7FFEBFB5E8CB4FB5AFD68" box="[1156,1250,724,750]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="12.[189,232,1574,1600]" captionTargetBox="[330,1258,265,1531]" captionTargetId="figure-12@12.[330,1258,265,1531]" captionTargetPageId="12" captionText="Fig. 4. A–E. Paraxenos hungaricus (Székessy, 1955), ♂ (NMPC). F. Paraxenos arabicus Benda &amp; Straka sp. nov., ♂ (NMPC). A. Frontal view of cephalotheca). B. Lateral view of cephalotheca. C. Ventral view of anterior part of the puparium. D. Dorsal view of anterior part of the puparium. E. Detail of cephalotheca, frontal view. F. Detail of cephalotheca, frontal view. Abbreviations: a = vestigial antenna; asI = abdominal segment I; cl = clypeus; cll = clypeal lobe; coe = compound eye; csI = constriction of abdominal segment I; dlf = dorsal labral field of labral area; fr = frontal region (frons); fssf = furrow of supra-antennal sensillary field; gn = gena; hyp = hypopharynx; lgI = foreleg; lgII = middle leg; lgIII = hindleg; md = mandible; mst = mesosternum; mtst = metasternum; mx = maxilla; mxp = vestige of maxillary palp; pom = postmentum; prm = praementum; pst = prosternum; sb hp = segmental border between head and prothorax; sb = segmental border between metathorax and ma abdomen; sb = segmental border between mesothorax and metathorax; sbpm = segmental border mm between prothorax and mesothorax; ssf = supra-antennal sensillary field; vlf = ventral labral field of labral area; wbI = wing buds I; wbII = wing buds II." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.8205396" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/8205396/files/figure.png" pageId="17" pageNumber="151">Fig. 4B</figureCitation>
); pale stripe between compound eye and mandibular base as wide as diameter of compound eye; hosts:
<taxonomicName id="BFCF4D17FFF7FFEBFAC58C97FE5AFCB2" ID-CoL="LGLJ" authority="Panzer, 1801" authorityName="Panzer" authorityYear="1801" class="Insecta" family="Crabronidae" genus="Bembix" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="17" pageNumber="151" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="oculata">
<emphasis id="4ABBEA86FFF7FFEBFAC58C97FEFAFCB2" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="151">Bembix oculata</emphasis>
Panzer, 1801
</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName id="BFCF4D17FFF7FFEBFE378D7AFCC2FCB3" ID-CoL="5WJ3M" authority="(Linnaeus, 1758)" baseAuthorityName="Linnaeus" baseAuthorityYear="1758" box="[493,890,794,821]" class="Insecta" family="Crabronidae" genus="Bembix" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="17" pageNumber="151" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="rostrata">
<emphasis id="4ABBEA86FFF7FFEBFE378D7AFD10FCB2" box="[493,680,794,820]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="151">Bembix rostrata</emphasis>
(Linnaeus, 1758)
</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName id="BFCF4D17FFF7FFEBFC5E8D7AFBBFFCB3" box="[900,1031,794,821]" class="Insecta" family="Crabronidae" genus="Bembix" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="17" pageNumber="151" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="undetermined">
<emphasis id="4ABBEA86FFF7FFEBFC5E8D7AFC64FCB2" box="[900,988,794,820]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="151">Bembix</emphasis>
sp.
</taxonomicName>
; distribution: widespread in the Palearctic Region ...............................................................
<taxonomicName id="BFCF4D17FFF7FFEBFC4C8D5EFACEFCDE" ID-CoL="4DHZY" authority="(Szekessy, 1955)" authorityName="Palearctic" baseAuthorityName="Szekessy" baseAuthorityYear="1955" box="[918,1398,829,856]" class="Insecta" family="Xenidae" genus="Paraxenos" kingdom="Animalia" order="Strepsiptera" pageId="17" pageNumber="151" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="hungaricus">
<emphasis id="4ABBEA86FFF7FFEBFC4C8D5EFB11FCDE" bold="true" box="[918,1193,829,856]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="151">Paraxenos hungaricus</emphasis>
(
<bibRefCitation id="1C5E4B65FFF7FFEBFB628D5DFAD6FCDE" author="Szekessy V." box="[1208,1390,829,856]" pageId="17" pageNumber="151" pagination="279 - 284" refId="ref11011" refString="Szekessy V. 1955. Eine neue Strepsipteren-Art aus Ungarn sowie die durch die Stylopisierung an ihrem Wirt hervorgerufenen Veranderungen. Annales Historico-Naturales Musei Nationalis Hungarici 6: 279 - 284." type="journal article" year="1955">Székessy, 1955</bibRefCitation>
)
</taxonomicName>
</keyLead>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="78703694FFF7FFEBFF1B8D01FACFFC63" blockId="17.[189,1399,653,997]" pageId="17" pageNumber="151">
<keyLead id="C33E95A1FFF7FFEBFF1B8D01FACFFC63" pageId="17" pageNumber="151">
– Clypeal lobe ~ as wide as mandibular length (cll,
<figureCitation id="E0F42A11FFF7FFEBFCF88D01FCC1FCFD" box="[802,889,865,891]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="12.[189,232,1574,1600]" captionTargetBox="[330,1258,265,1531]" captionTargetId="figure-12@12.[330,1258,265,1531]" captionTargetPageId="12" captionText="Fig. 4. A–E. Paraxenos hungaricus (Székessy, 1955), ♂ (NMPC). F. Paraxenos arabicus Benda &amp; Straka sp. nov., ♂ (NMPC). A. Frontal view of cephalotheca). B. Lateral view of cephalotheca. C. Ventral view of anterior part of the puparium. D. Dorsal view of anterior part of the puparium. E. Detail of cephalotheca, frontal view. F. Detail of cephalotheca, frontal view. Abbreviations: a = vestigial antenna; asI = abdominal segment I; cl = clypeus; cll = clypeal lobe; coe = compound eye; csI = constriction of abdominal segment I; dlf = dorsal labral field of labral area; fr = frontal region (frons); fssf = furrow of supra-antennal sensillary field; gn = gena; hyp = hypopharynx; lgI = foreleg; lgII = middle leg; lgIII = hindleg; md = mandible; mst = mesosternum; mtst = metasternum; mx = maxilla; mxp = vestige of maxillary palp; pom = postmentum; prm = praementum; pst = prosternum; sb hp = segmental border between head and prothorax; sb = segmental border between metathorax and ma abdomen; sb = segmental border between mesothorax and metathorax; sbpm = segmental border mm between prothorax and mesothorax; ssf = supra-antennal sensillary field; vlf = ventral labral field of labral area; wbI = wing buds I; wbII = wing buds II." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.8205396" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/8205396/files/figure.png" pageId="17" pageNumber="151">Fig. 4F</figureCitation>
); maxilla at base ~ 1.5× as wide as mandible (mx,
<figureCitation id="E0F42A11FFF7FFEBFEF38DE4FE32FC18" box="[297,394,900,926]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="6.[189,232,1704,1730]" captionTargetBox="[189,1398,651,1648]" captionTargetId="figure-116@6.[189,1398,651,1648]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="Fig. 2. Paraxenos arabicus Benda &amp; Straka sp. nov. A–B. Female (NMPC), cephalothorax. C–D. Male (NMPC), cephalotheca. A. Detail of ventral side. B. Detail of dorsal side. C. Frontal view. D. Lateral view. Abbreviations: a = vestigial antenna; cl = clypeus; cll = clypeal lobe; coe = compound eye; dlf = dorsal labral field of labral area; fr = frontal region; fssf = furrow of supra-antennal sensillary field; gn = gena; lba = labial area; lehc = lateral extension of head capsule (lateral cephalic extension); md = mandible; mx = vestige of maxilla; mxb = maxillary base; mxp = vestige of maxillary palp; os = mouth opening; pom = postmentum; prm = praementum; pst = prosternum (prosternal extension); pstp = prosternal papilla; sbhp = segmental border between head and prothorax; smxg = submaxillary groove; ssf = supra-antennal sensillary field; vlf = ventral labral field of labral area." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.8205392" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/8205392/files/figure.png" pageId="17" pageNumber="151">Figs 2C</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="E0F42A11FFF7FFEBFE438DE4FE05FC18" box="[409,445,900,926]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="12.[189,232,1574,1600]" captionTargetBox="[330,1258,265,1531]" captionTargetId="figure-12@12.[330,1258,265,1531]" captionTargetPageId="12" captionText="Fig. 4. A–E. Paraxenos hungaricus (Székessy, 1955), ♂ (NMPC). F. Paraxenos arabicus Benda &amp; Straka sp. nov., ♂ (NMPC). A. Frontal view of cephalotheca). B. Lateral view of cephalotheca. C. Ventral view of anterior part of the puparium. D. Dorsal view of anterior part of the puparium. E. Detail of cephalotheca, frontal view. F. Detail of cephalotheca, frontal view. Abbreviations: a = vestigial antenna; asI = abdominal segment I; cl = clypeus; cll = clypeal lobe; coe = compound eye; csI = constriction of abdominal segment I; dlf = dorsal labral field of labral area; fr = frontal region (frons); fssf = furrow of supra-antennal sensillary field; gn = gena; hyp = hypopharynx; lgI = foreleg; lgII = middle leg; lgIII = hindleg; md = mandible; mst = mesosternum; mtst = metasternum; mx = maxilla; mxp = vestige of maxillary palp; pom = postmentum; prm = praementum; pst = prosternum; sb hp = segmental border between head and prothorax; sb = segmental border between metathorax and ma abdomen; sb = segmental border between mesothorax and metathorax; sbpm = segmental border mm between prothorax and mesothorax; ssf = supra-antennal sensillary field; vlf = ventral labral field of labral area; wbI = wing buds I; wbII = wing buds II." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.8205396" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/8205396/files/figure.png" pageId="17" pageNumber="151">4F</figureCitation>
); clypeus (clypeal lobe) not prominent in lateral view (cl,
<figureCitation id="E0F42A11FFF7FFEBFB5A8DE4FB59FC18" box="[1152,1249,900,926]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="6.[189,232,1704,1730]" captionTargetBox="[189,1398,651,1648]" captionTargetId="figure-116@6.[189,1398,651,1648]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="Fig. 2. Paraxenos arabicus Benda &amp; Straka sp. nov. A–B. Female (NMPC), cephalothorax. C–D. Male (NMPC), cephalotheca. A. Detail of ventral side. B. Detail of dorsal side. C. Frontal view. D. Lateral view. Abbreviations: a = vestigial antenna; cl = clypeus; cll = clypeal lobe; coe = compound eye; dlf = dorsal labral field of labral area; fr = frontal region; fssf = furrow of supra-antennal sensillary field; gn = gena; lba = labial area; lehc = lateral extension of head capsule (lateral cephalic extension); md = mandible; mx = vestige of maxilla; mxb = maxillary base; mxp = vestige of maxillary palp; os = mouth opening; pom = postmentum; prm = praementum; pst = prosternum (prosternal extension); pstp = prosternal papilla; sbhp = segmental border between head and prothorax; smxg = submaxillary groove; ssf = supra-antennal sensillary field; vlf = ventral labral field of labral area." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.8205392" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/8205392/files/figure.png" pageId="17" pageNumber="151">Fig. 2D</figureCitation>
); pale stripe between compound eye and mandibular base ~ 2× as wide as diameter of compound eye; host:
<taxonomicName id="BFCF4D17FFF7FFEBFF308DAAFD95FC62" ID-CoL="LDCJ" authority="Morice, 1897" authorityName="Morice" authorityYear="1897" box="[234,557,970,996]" class="Insecta" family="Crabronidae" genus="Bembix" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="17" pageNumber="151" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="kohli">
<emphasis id="4ABBEA86FFF7FFEBFF308DAAFE3DFC62" box="[234,389,970,996]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="151">Bembix kohli</emphasis>
Morice, 1897
</taxonomicName>
; distribution:
<collectingCountry id="00D87604FFF7FFEBFD0A8DAAFC77FC62" box="[720,975,970,996]" name="United Arab Emirates" pageId="17" pageNumber="151">United Arab Emirates</collectingCountry>
.........
<taxonomicName id="BFCF4D17FFF7FFEBFBFF8DABFAADFC63" authority="Benda &amp; Pohl &amp; Nakase &amp; Beutel &amp; Straka, 2023" authorityName="Benda &amp; Pohl &amp; Nakase &amp; Beutel &amp; Straka" authorityYear="2023" box="[1061,1301,970,997]" class="Insecta" family="Xenidae" genus="Paraxenos" kingdom="Animalia" order="Strepsiptera" pageId="17" pageNumber="151" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="arabicus" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="4ABBEA86FFF7FFEBFBFF8DABFAADFC63" bold="true" box="[1061,1301,970,997]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="151">Paraxenos arabicus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="518857FDFFF7FFEBFAC68DABFACFFC63" box="[1308,1399,971,997]" pageId="17" pageNumber="151" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</keyLead>
</paragraph>
</key>
</keyStep>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>
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