123 lines
19 KiB
XML
123 lines
19 KiB
XML
<document id="CFC4448354F2E29DFEA95BCFBFF3485E" ID-CLB-Dataset="34389" ID-DOI="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.202.2136" ID-GBIF-Dataset="2f6b7408-685c-4ad6-aac4-7e42b84abbc7" ID-PMC="PMC3381702" ID-Pensoft-Pub="1313-2970-202-1" ID-PubMed="22773909" ModsDocAuthor="" ModsDocDate="2012" ModsDocID="1313-2970-202-1" ModsDocOrigin="ZooKeys 202" ModsDocTitle="Revision of the Afrotropical Oberthuerellinae (Cynipoidea, Liopteridae)" checkinTime="1451248949478" checkinUser="pensoft" docAuthor="Buffington, Matthew L. & Noort, Simon van" docDate="2012" docId="963E68DB026CDB695EBF9E57AC15B99E" docLanguage="en" docName="ZooKeys 202: 1-154" docOrigin="ZooKeys 202" docSource="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.202.2136" docTitle="Oberthuerella eschara Buffington & van Noort, sp.n." docType="treatment" docVersion="6" lastPageNumber="30" masterDocId="FFA0FFA1FFCFFF87602FB655FF993C24" masterDocTitle="Revision of the Afrotropical Oberthuerellinae (Cynipoidea, Liopteridae)" masterLastPageNumber="154" masterPageNumber="1" pageNumber="26" updateTime="1732673799861" updateUser="ExternalLinkService">
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<mods:mods id="854D9A625452225126174953A4FD9C26" xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
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<mods:titleInfo id="6B17382114F894796607116B73FFA3E2">
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<mods:title id="67105EFE2FB9D55800761E5666AF85A9">Revision of the Afrotropical Oberthuerellinae (Cynipoidea, Liopteridae)</mods:title>
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</mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:name id="71888F6E5F1729F04EAADC5937BB07F6" type="personal">
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<mods:roleTerm id="FB52411F5E11DF7ED06AD84C4E015C28">Author</mods:roleTerm>
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<mods:namePart id="8412258299191AAA00429178E991E29C">Buffington, Matthew L.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:name id="B6DB891F74531DC1417BFE419D755C86" type="personal">
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<mods:roleTerm id="492C939D6667000A166FCC97ADCB42E0">Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart id="1918D7D63B086D58D554259186B4DCD7">Noort, Simon van</mods:namePart>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:typeOfResource id="F7753D96469CD608088F58DEC5847962">text</mods:typeOfResource>
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<mods:title id="9EF25AC80B7BF3900E5F6FB168911F0A">ZooKeys</mods:title>
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</mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:part id="7E49F9E955CC51E27B534CF5DCA22AFD">
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<mods:date id="961DDF12304A56262A29C278406611CE">2012</mods:date>
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<mods:detail id="3AF9207AEBE7FC297BB8713718EF8B74" type="volume">
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<mods:number id="B1F405F73CF6885D210A6E718C266CD8">202</mods:number>
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<mods:start id="0EE42ACC08E7EB1619883E8AA7973D9D">1</mods:start>
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<mods:end id="69CC7CE66A74853808E3474B6D526435">154</mods:end>
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<mods:location id="EEB1BB040AD3332C1849A241C7DBD077">
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<mods:url id="0D9BA376B3CE4A129418E26150BAFE2F">http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.202.2136</mods:url>
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</mods:location>
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<mods:classification id="19E04DFA840BF5F23A6F105761FC10A8">journal article</mods:classification>
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<mods:identifier id="FFF29DD1E219AA4AACB2D766EDE578F6" type="DOI">http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.202.2136</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier id="B3B57DC17290884D77BFB6C08F6E4152" type="Pensoft-Pub">1313-2970-202-1</mods:identifier>
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</mods:mods>
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<treatment id="963E68DB026CDB695EBF9E57AC15B99E" ID-GBIF-Taxon="152036071" LSID="urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act:5DCA6558-ECAA-4622-8C9E-D47C90C15A76" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/963E68DB026CDB695EBF9E57AC15B99E" lastPageId="29" lastPageNumber="30" pageId="25" pageNumber="26" scope_subFamily="Oberthuerellinae" scope_superFamily="Cynipoidea">
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<subSubSection id="B3CE7F9920996EBF0F5CDA1700A0B864" pageId="25" pageNumber="26" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph id="789157ACD2744C656F4EF68F85D9248A" pageId="25" pageNumber="26">
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<taxonomicName id="BF4E7157CE7F585EE2DC4117B4A9A81E" LSID="urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act:5DCA6558-ECAA-4622-8C9E-D47C90C15A76" authority="Buffington & van Noort" genus="Oberthuerella" lsidName="Oberthuerella eschara" pageId="25" pageNumber="26" rank="species" species="eschara">Oberthuerella eschara Buffington & van Noort</taxonomicName>
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<taxonomicNameLabel id="A7357A98D1322250EA5726E8A0DB2021" pageId="25" pageNumber="26">sp.n.</taxonomicNameLabel>
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Figures 12D, 13-14
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="F9E35507D0BE603884C25812DACEF7B2" lastPageId="29" lastPageNumber="30" pageId="25" pageNumber="26" type="description">
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<paragraph id="C44FB5EA7EB0DEBE1E2A7F81556CB726" pageId="25" pageNumber="26">Description.</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="1BEE08299DE3F9E7BE3C5868F3FCF609" pageId="25" pageNumber="26">Coloration of head and mesosoma, black to dark brown; metasoma, legs yellow-orange. Sculpture on vertex, lateral surface of pronotum and mesoscutum present, deeply striate on head, costate with remnants of foveae on pronotum, mesoscutum.</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="B3C40E021BE57400A838183929E02238" lastPageId="26" lastPageNumber="27" pageId="25" pageNumber="26">
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Head. Broadly triangular, in anterior view. Pubescence on head present, sparse setae scattered over head. Sculpture along lateral margin of occiput absent. Gena (measured from compound eye to posterolateral margin of head) short, ratio of length of gena to length of compound eye in dorsal view <0.3, in dorsal view. Sculpture of gena deeply striate with remnants of fovea. Lateral margin of occiput defined by distinctly angled, raised, sharp carina. Occiput (except extreme lateral margin) smooth. Ocelli small, ratio of maximum diameter of a lateral ocellus to shortest distance between lateral ocelli 0.2-0.4. Anterior ocellus close to posterior ocelli, posterior margin of anterior ocellus behind or subcontiguous with a transverse line running through anterior margins of posterior ocelli. Relative position of toruli close to ocelli, ratio of vertical distance between inner margin of torulus and ventral margin of clypeus to vertical distance between anterior ocellus and torulus <2.0. Median keel of face present, extending to middle of face, not reaching clypeus. Vertical carina adjacent to ventral margin of torulus absent. Facial sculpture almost entirely foveate, slightly horizontally striate along median keel. Facial impression absent, face flat. Antennal scrobe absent. Anterior tentorial pits large. Vertical delineations on lower face present, represented by series of tight lateral striations along median. Ventral clypeal margin laterally, close to anterior mandibular articulation, straight. Ventral clypeal margin medially emarginate. Clypeus circumscribed by clypeal carina; surface striate, converging ventro-medially. Malar space adjacent to anterior articulation of mandible evenly rounded, foveate. Malar sulcus absent. Compound eye close to posterior ocellus, ratio of distance between compound eye and posterior mandibular articulation to distance between posterior ocellus and compound eye> 1.2. Compound eye, in dorsal view, distinctly protruding from the surface of the head, particularly laterally. Pubescence on compound eye absent. Orbital furrows absent. Lateral
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<pageBreakToken id="B24DE47E167128A4E33C1D043DFD626A" pageId="26" pageNumber="27" start="start">frontal</pageBreakToken>
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carina of face absent. Dorsal aspect of vertex deeply foveate. Posterior aspect of vertex punctate. Hair punctures on lateral aspect of vertex present, indistinct. Posterior surface of head almost flat, not deeply impressed.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="1D640FFD6210C60BA2FE336C81E47593" lastPageId="27" lastPageNumber="28" pageId="26" pageNumber="27">
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Labial-maxillary complex. Apical segment of maxillary palp with pubescence, consisting only of erect setae. Apical seta on apical segment of maxillary palp shorter than twice length of second longest apical seta. Erect setae medially on apical segment of maxillary palp present. Maxillary palp composed of three segments. Last two segments
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<pageBreakToken id="4111FED346F5C9BD95FB812FD19C6C17" pageId="27" pageNumber="28" start="start">of</pageBreakToken>
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maxillary palp (in normal repose) straight. Distal margin of subapical segment of maxillary palp straight, apical segment bending outwards. Apical segment of maxillary palp more than 1.5 times as long as preceding segment.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="B658AEFA690C3D8B5E18613FF13157D7" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">Antenna. Articulation between flagellomeres in antenna connate with articles broadly joined. Placoidal sensilla absent. Second flagellomere of male antenna cylindrical; black. Length of second flagellomere of male antenna longer than first flagellomere.</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="EEF563D8103DF1E6B8BDBE769CF05009" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">Pronotum. Macrosculpture on lateral surface of pronotum present, dorsomedially foveate, laterally foveate-costate. Pubescence on lateral surface of pronotum present, sparse, composed of few short hairs. Anterior flange of pronotal plate distinctly protruding anteriorly, transversely striate. Carinae extending posteriorly from lateral margin of pronotal plate absent. Lateral pronotal carina present. Pronotal crest absent. Dorsal margin of pronotal plate (in anterior view) straight. Submedian pronotal depressions closed laterally, deep. Lateral margin of pronotal plate defined all the way to the dorsal margin of the pronotum. Pronotal plate wide, almost as wide as head.</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="6B0B991545E132831B60B9D8615465EB" lastPageId="28" lastPageNumber="29" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">
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Mesoscutum. Mesoscutal surface convex, evenly curved. Sculpture on mesoscutum present, deeply transversely costate. Notaulus present, marked by series of deep subcontiguous pits of uniform width. Median mesoscutal carina absent. Anterior admedial lines present, with adjacent cuticular surface horizontally striate. Median mesoscutal
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<pageBreakToken id="FDCC9F907C693255C982A9678FAB6748" pageId="28" pageNumber="29" start="start">impression</pageBreakToken>
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present, long, reaching over 1/2 length of mesoscutum. Parascutal carina distinctly sinuate, posteriorly ending in posteroventrally directed projection.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="C612915CB645ABE2A924BC97E4738BCF" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">Mesopleuron. Dorsally irregularly horizontally costate with occasional fovea, ventrally smooth. Subpleuron entirely smooth, glabrous. Lower mesopleuron micro-pitted anteriorly, smooth and glabrous posteriorly. Epicnemial carina present, running from mesoscutum to anterior margin of mesopleural carina, spread out ventrally, shagreened. Lateroventral mesopleural carina present, marking abrupt change of slope of mesopectus. Mesopleural triangle absent. Subalar pit large and well defined, lying in posterior end of subalar groove. Speculum present, smooth to micro-pitted. Mesopleural carina present, complete, composed of several long, parallel, straight carinae. Anterior end of mesopleural carina inserting above notch in anterior margin of mesopleuron.</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="BFEB89D460EE72DB5AADD347B4616A44" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">
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Scutellum. Dorsal surface of scutellum foveate-areolate. Circumscutellar carina absent. Posterior margin of axillula marked by distinct ledge, axillula distinctly impressed adjacent to ledge. Lateroventral margin of scutellum posterior to auricula smooth, becoming dorsoventrally striate posteriorly. Dorsoposterior part of scutellum produced posteriorly into sharp spine, greater than 1.0
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<normalizedToken id="C427CFBDE696E3FA04E9B2D36915D93A" originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
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length of petiole. Dorsal part of scutellum entirely rugose. Scutellar plate absent. Scutellar foveae present, three, with lateral foveal bissected by longitudinal carina, resulting in five longitudinally elongate subfovea. Longitudinal scutellar carinae absent. Single longitudinal carina separating scutellar foveae absent. Posterolateral margin of scutellum drawn out into distinct protuberance. Lateral bar with strong strigate sculpture, narrow.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="141A4ECC5930F42059475455B522D27C" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">Metapectal-propodeal complex. Metapectal cavity anterodorsal to metacoxal base present, ill-defined. Anterior margin of metapectal-propodeal complex separated from mesopleuron by deep, broad, uninterrupted marginal impression. Posteroventral corner of metapleuron (in lateral view) rounded, not drawn out posteriorly. Anterior impression of metepimeron present, narrow, linear impression, not broadened ventrally. Posterior margin of metepimeron distinct, separating metepimeron from propodeum. Subalar area abruptly broadened anteriorly, with an indicated longitudinal division. Calyptra present, blunt, lobe-like, polished posteriorly with setiferous punctures anteriorly. Dorsellum present with two strong medial fovea, glabrous. Anterior impression of metepisternum, immediately beneath anterior end of metapleural carina, present, small and narrow. Pubescence thin, evenly covering entire metapectal-propodeal complex. Propodeal spurs present, crenulate. Lateral propodeal carinae present, not reaching scutellum. Ventral end of lateral propodeal carina terminating before reaching nucha. Inter propodeal carinae space lightly setose, horizontally striate. Petiolar foramen removed from metacoxae, directed posteriorly. Horizontal carina running anteriorly from lateral propodeal carina present. Lateral propodeal carina straight, sub-parallel. Calyptra, in lateral view, elongate. Propodeum relatively short, not drawn out posteriorly. Calyptra, in posterior view, dorsoventrally elongate.</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8A8FD7C7CDA4E0FE28AD10CBB6D16933" lastPageId="29" lastPageNumber="30" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">
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Legs. Pubescence posterolaterally on metacoxa sparse to moderately dense, confined dense hair patch absent. Microsculpture on hind coxa absent. Longitudinal carina on the posterior surface of metatibia absent. Metafemoral spine present, elongate, extending distally as low keel along ventral femoral margin. Distal mesotibial spurs
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<pageBreakToken id="C4CD604CF45E82D7D56F8096E32022B9" pageId="29" pageNumber="30" start="start">equal</pageBreakToken>
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in length to medial spurs. Distal metatibial spurs equal in length to medial spurs. Ratio of first metatibial segment to remaining 4 segments uncertain, greater than 1.0.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="254BF250C8CF74124CA9E5D75731F969" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">Forewing. Pubescence of forewing absent on basal half of wing, sparse distally. Apical margin of female forewing rounded. Rs+M of forewing tubular. Mesal end of Rs+M vein situated closer to posterior margin of forewing, directed towards posterior end of basalis. Vein R1 tubular along at least basal part of anterior margin of marginal cell. Basal abscissa of R1 (the abscissa between 2r and the forewing margin) of forewing as broad as adjacent wing veins. Forewing entirely lightly infuscate. Marginal cell of forewing membranous, similar to other wing cells. Areolet absent. Hair fringe along apical margin of forewing absent.</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="88C295A746DCBB5F502E23C92D2B7CFB" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">
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Petiole. Slightly elongate, 1.5
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<normalizedToken id="0B7BAE189371C35A6C5B839A535BE791" originalValue="–2×">-2x</normalizedToken>
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longer than wide. Surface of petiole longitudinally costate, ventral keel absent. Posterior part of female petiole not abruptly widened. Ventral flange of annulus of female petiole absent.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="36729199D82986550C2856364A7A17AE" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">Metasoma. Setal band (hairy ring) at base of tergum 3 absent, base of metasoma glabrous. Tergum 3 distinctly smaller than tergum 4. Posterior margin of tergum 3 smoothly rounded. Posterior margin of tergum 4 arcuate. In lateral view, sternum 3 exposed, ventral border of T2-T7 visible. Sculpture on metasomal terga present, dorsally finely punctate, laterally and ventrally smooth. Syntergum absent, all postpetiolar terga free. Annulus absent. Peg-like setae on T6-T7 absent. Female posteroventral margin of T6-T7 straight, parallel.</paragraph>
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<caption id="AC606D81E8940061932C768287C72639" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">
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<paragraph id="2C7E9D84D6EB0308C5BE9B5007AB3F9F" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">
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Figure 13.
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<taxonomicName id="2FCE0858B6D19C7C6A529FB0D10649CA" genus="Oberthuerella" lsidName="Oberthuerella eschara" pageId="29" pageNumber="30" rank="species" species="eschara">Oberthuerella eschara</taxonomicName>
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Buffington & van Noort, sp. n., holotype A lateral habitus B head and mesosoma, dorsal view C head and mesosoma, lateral view D mesosoma, dorsal view, lateral view E head and pronotum, lateral view F meso and metapleurae.
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</paragraph>
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</caption>
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<caption id="247BD32798D9A98A7AB43EEB021B3804" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">
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<paragraph id="1BDC207B4DD2FFD5EBF3F1DB3153903C" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">
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Figure 14.
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<taxonomicName id="4D74AF47DA4BE56F75B11ADED0BD1428" genus="Oberthuerella" lsidName="Oberthuerella eschara" pageId="29" pageNumber="30" rank="species" species="eschara">Oberthuerella eschara</taxonomicName>
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Buffington & van Noort, sp. n., holotype A head anterior view B face C scutellum, dorsal view D posterior margin of metasoma, lateral view.
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</paragraph>
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</caption>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="93E787010F4AD2B71DF54D5AA93E2B31" pageId="29" pageNumber="30" type="diagnosis">
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<paragraph id="48DA1DCFFD36BB9D8E66BDD1C270EA3A" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">Diagnosis.</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="24CDA5C935F45D2B77FF27924C42D637" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">
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Distinguished from all other species of
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<taxonomicName id="07ED6E4D13394C678A36B4F35F41BE9E" genus="Oberthuerella" lsidName="Oberthuerella" pageId="29" pageNumber="30" rank="genus">Oberthuerella</taxonomicName>
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by the unique lower facial sculpturing of the head, with two convergent, densely horizontally striate bands that meet mid-face. In other species, the face ranges from entirely foveate to horizontally striate, but never with two distinct bands of striations. This species is further characterized by the circum clypeal carina; this character has not been observed in any other species of
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<taxonomicName id="D0CF866E7613C390C29CB72CA8954CA3" genus="Oberthuerella" lsidName="Oberthuerella" pageId="29" pageNumber="30" rank="genus">Oberthuerella</taxonomicName>
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.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="A62A0D6BB4A16AA219E43AB656BC244F" pageId="29" pageNumber="30" type="etymology">
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<paragraph id="587DDE46AB049839D36DC550DBECB46A" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">Etymology.</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="C0B18368247CC7C4F437CA875B331234" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">Latin for scar, in reference to the scar-like dorso-ventral bands on the face.</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="40A39F5A11C54206A64EA3E0D5487DFB" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">Distribution. Liberia. Link to Distribution Map. [http://hol.osu.edu/map-full.html?id=300216]</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="CAB23793419B34FB8DAA198B6A0A6D7C" pageId="29" pageNumber="30" type="material examined">
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<paragraph id="152F8E5D907DB7FB5380C8B243BE391C" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">Material examined.</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="DED478C6C49E7949ED10F45600FBC8F7" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">Holotype, male: LIBERIA: Montserrado Co., Mount Coffee, III-1897, R. P. Currie, USNM ENT 00764774 (deposited in USNM).</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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</treatment>
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</document> |