331 lines
25 KiB
XML
331 lines
25 KiB
XML
<document ID-DOI="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.37.7136" ID-PMC="PMC4023331" ID-Pensoft-Pub="1314-2003-37-1" ID-Pensoft-UUID="5229A14EFFFBFFD5EB62FFFEFFD39252" ID-PubMed="24843295" ID-Zenodo-Dep="576217" ModsDocID="1314-2003-37-1" checkinTime="1451251751493" checkinUser="pensoft" docAuthor="Fernando, Edwino S., Quimado, Marilyn O. & Doronila, Augustine I." docDate="2014" docId="64F257FD0A8B56874C916538BA324F55" docLanguage="en" docName="PhytoKeys 37: 1-13" docOrigin="PhytoKeys 37" docPubDate="2014-05-09" docSource="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.37.7136" docTitle="Rinorea niccolifera Fernando 2014, sp. nov." docType="treatment" docVersion="6" id="5229A14EFFFBFFD5EB62FFFEFFD39252" lastPageNumber="6" masterDocId="5229A14EFFFBFFD5EB62FFFEFFD39252" masterDocTitle="Rinorea niccolifera (Violaceae), a new, nickel-hyperaccumulating species from Luzon Island, Philippines" masterLastPageNumber="13" masterPageNumber="1" pageNumber="4" updateTime="1668141095909" updateUser="ExternalLinkService">
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<mods:mods xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
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<mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:title>Rinorea niccolifera (Violaceae), a new, nickel-hyperaccumulating species from Luzon Island, Philippines</mods:title>
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</mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart>Fernando, Edwino S.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation>Department of Forest Biological Sciences, College of Forestry and Natural Resources, The University of the Philippines - Los Banos, College, 4031 Laguna, Philippines</mods:affiliation>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart>Quimado, Marilyn O.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation>Department of Forest Biological Sciences, College of Forestry and Natural Resources, The University of the Philippines - Los Banos, College, 4031 Laguna, Philippines</mods:affiliation>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart>Doronila, Augustine I.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation>Analytical and Environmental Chemistry Research Group, School of Chemistry, University of Melbourne, Victoria 3010, Australia</mods:affiliation>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:typeOfResource>text</mods:typeOfResource>
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<mods:relatedItem type="host">
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<mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:title>PhytoKeys</mods:title>
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</mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:part>
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<mods:date>2014</mods:date>
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<mods:detail type="pubDate">
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<mods:number>2014-05-09</mods:number>
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</mods:detail>
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<mods:detail type="volume">
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<mods:number>37</mods:number>
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</mods:detail>
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<mods:extent unit="page">
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<mods:start>1</mods:start>
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<mods:end>13</mods:end>
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</mods:extent>
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</mods:part>
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</mods:relatedItem>
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<mods:location>
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<mods:url>http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.37.7136</mods:url>
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</mods:location>
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<mods:classification>journal article</mods:classification>
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<mods:identifier type="DOI">http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.37.7136</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier type="Pensoft-Pub">1314-2003-37-1</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier type="Pensoft-UUID">5229A14EFFFBFFD5EB62FFFEFFD39252</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier type="Zenodo-Dep">576217</mods:identifier>
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</mods:mods>
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<treatment ID-GBIF-Taxon="152025075" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:64F257FD0A8B56874C916538BA324F55" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/64F257FD0A8B56874C916538BA324F55" lastPageId="5" lastPageNumber="6" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">
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<subSubSection pageId="3" pageNumber="4" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph pageId="3" pageNumber="4">
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<taxonomicName LSID="64F257FD-0A8B-5687-4C91-6538BA324F55" authority="Fernando" authorityName="Fernando" authorityYear="2014" class="Dicotyledoneae" family="Violaceae" genus="Rinorea" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Rinorea niccolifera" order="Violales" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" phylum="Angiospermae" rank="species" species="niccolifera" status="sp. nov.">Rinorea niccolifera Fernando</taxonomicName>
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<taxonomicNameLabel pageId="3" pageNumber="4">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
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<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 1" captionStartId="F1" captionText="Figure 1. Rinorea niccolifera Fernando. A Growth habit at type locality B Twig with flower buds and leaves showing distinct domatia on abaxial surface C Twig with flowers in axillary sessile clusters or fascicles, some on young, leafless portions of the twig; note prominent stipular scars D Close-up of flower, showing recurved tips of petals E Twig with young fruit subtended by the persistent sepals and petals; note the caducous stipules. Scale bars: A = 20 cm; B, E = 10 mm; C = 5 mm; D = 1 mm A - E from Fernando 3016 (LBC). All photographs by Edwino S. Fernando." httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/10655" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">Figures 1</figureCitation>
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<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 2" captionStartId="F2" captionText="Figure 2. Rinorea niccolifera Fernando. A Immature fruit showing depressed globose or obscurely 3 - angular shape with prominent stylar remains B Mature, dehisced fruit showing three locules and seeds C Seedling showing foliaceus cotyledons and first three eophylls. Scale bars: A, B = 5 mm; C = 10 mm. A from Fernando 3016 (LBC), B from Fernando 3042 (LBC), C from Fernando 3042 A (LBC), from seed of Fernando 3042 germinated in nursery. All photographs by Edwino S. Fernando." httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/10656" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">, 2</figureCitation>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="3" pageNumber="4" type="diagnosis">
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<paragraph pageId="3" pageNumber="4">Diagnosis.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="3" pageNumber="4">
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<taxonomicName authorityName="Fernando" authorityYear="2014" class="Dicotyledoneae" family="Violaceae" genus="Rinorea" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="" order="Violales" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" phylum="Angiospermae" rank="species" species="niccolifera">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">Rinorea niccolifera</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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is most similar to
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<taxonomicName class="Dicotyledoneae" family="Violaceae" genus="Rinorea" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="" order="Violales" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" phylum="Angiospermae" rank="species" species="bengalensis">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">Rinorea bengalensis</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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by its fasciculate inflorescences and smooth subglobose fruits with 3 seeds, but it differs by its glabrous ovary with shorter style (5 mm long), the summit of the staminal tube sinuate to entire and the outer surface smooth, and its generally smaller leaves (3-8 cm long
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<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
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2-3 cm wide) and smaller fruits (0.6-0.8 cm diameter).
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="3" pageNumber="4">
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TYPE: PHILIPPINES. Luzon Island: Zambales Province, Municipality of Sta. Cruz, Lucapon, in remnant forest on ultramafic soils, along a gully with large boulders, 330 m elevation, flowers and immature fruits, 01 April 2012,
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">Fernando 3016</emphasis>
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(holotype LBC; isotypes CAHUP, K, PNH, SING).
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection lastPageId="4" lastPageNumber="5" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" type="description">
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<paragraph pageId="3" pageNumber="4">Description.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="4" pageNumber="5">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">
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<pageBreakToken pageId="4" pageNumber="5" start="start">Shrub</pageBreakToken>
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</emphasis>
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or small
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">tree</emphasis>
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, 1.5-8 m tall; stem 3-13 cm diameter, outer bark generally smooth, inner bark whitish; young twigs rather zigzag, with prominent stipular scars.
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">Leaves</emphasis>
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simple, distichous, lamina elliptic to narrowly obovate, (2-) 3-8 (-10) cm long
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<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
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(1-) 2-3 (-4) cm wide; the margins finely serrate, especially towards the distal half; base acute; apex acute to acuminate; secondary nerves (6-) 8-12 (-13) on each side of the midrib, diverging 40-60° from the midrib; hairy pit domatia very prominent along the midrib on abaxial surface; petiole terete, (-2) 3-5 (-7) mm long; young leaves white or greenish-white, growing in flushes.
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">Stipules</emphasis>
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narrowly lanceolate, (4-) 6-7 (-8) mm long
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<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
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1 mm wide at the base, prominently covering the apical bud, caducous and leaving a distinct scar.
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">Flowers</emphasis>
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white or cream, bisexual, globose or broadly ovoid, 3.1-3.3 mm long
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<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
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3.1-4 mm wide, in dense axillary clusters or fascicles of up to 3-5, sometimes more, rarely solitary; pedicel 2.5-3.2 mm long, 0.7-0.9 mm wide, sparsely covered with fine, short hairs.
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">Sepals</emphasis>
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5, free, subequal in size and shape, nearly as wide as long, broadly ovate, 1.3-1.6
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<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
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1.3-1.6 mm, shorter than the petals, light green or greenish-white, distinctly 2-4 (-5) veined, margins entire, ciliate towards the distal half and sometimes covered with brown fine hairy indumentum at the apex.
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">Petals</emphasis>
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5, free, subequal in size and shape, broadly oblong to ovate, the apex rounded or obtuse, 2.2-2.7 mm long
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<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
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1.3-1.7 mm wide, white or greenish-white, paler towards the apex, the tip slightly deflexed or recurved, margins smooth or sometimes slightly ciliolate near the apex.
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">Stamens</emphasis>
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5; anther with 2 thecae, 1 mm long
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<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
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0.6 mm wide; connective appendage broadly ovate, 0.4 mm long
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<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
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0.7 mm wide, membranous, cream or light orange, the margins fimbriate; filaments as long as the tube, 0.6 mm long
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<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
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0.2 mm wide, inserted on the inner surface of the staminal tube surrounding the ovary; staminal tube shallowly 5-lobed, 0.6 mm tall and 0.7 mm thick, the summit sinuate to entire, outer and inner surfaces glabrous, smooth.
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">Ovary</emphasis>
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ovoid, glabrous, smooth, 1 mm long, 0.9-1 mm diameter, with 3 locules; ovule 1 each per locule; style 0.5 mm long
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<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
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0.3 mm wide, erect; stigma pointed, undifferentiated.
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">Fruit</emphasis>
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a capsule, globose or depressed globose, obscurely 3-angular, 6.5-7 mm long
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<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
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6-8 mm wide, green, turning pale green when ripe, glabrous, subtended by the persistent sepals and petals; remnant of stigma prominent, 1-1.5 mm long; 3-locular, dehiscent along three sutures, the locules 7-8 mm long, 5 mm wide and 4 mm deep, folding inwards when seeds are released; pedicel 4-5 mm long, 1-1.5 mm thick.
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">Seeds</emphasis>
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3, one in each locule, globose, 3-4 mm long
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<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
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3 mm wide, mottled light brown; hilum distinct, white.
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">Seedling</emphasis>
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with epigeal germination, phanerocotylar; cotyledons foliaceous, 8 mm long
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<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
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10 mm wide, apex slightly emarginate, base truncate or obtuse; eophylls simple, elliptic, spirally arranged, 11 mm
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<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
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5 mm, margins serrate.
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</paragraph>
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<caption httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/10655" pageId="4" pageNumber="5" start="Figure 1" startId="F1">
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<paragraph pageId="4" pageNumber="5">
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<emphasis bold="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">Figure 1.</emphasis>
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<taxonomicName authorityName="Fernando" authorityYear="2014" class="Dicotyledoneae" family="Violaceae" genus="Rinorea" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="" order="Violales" pageId="4" pageNumber="5" phylum="Angiospermae" rank="species" species="niccolifera">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">Rinorea niccolifera</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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Fernando.
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<emphasis bold="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">A</emphasis>
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Growth habit at type locality
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<emphasis bold="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">B</emphasis>
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Twig with flower buds and leaves showing distinct domatia on abaxial surface
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<emphasis bold="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">C</emphasis>
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Twig with flowers in axillary sessile clusters or fascicles, some on young, leafless portions of the twig; note prominent stipular scars
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<emphasis bold="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">D</emphasis>
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Close-up of flower, showing recurved tips of petals
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<emphasis bold="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">E</emphasis>
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Twig with young fruit subtended by the persistent sepals and petals; note the caducous stipules. Scale bars:
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<emphasis bold="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">A</emphasis>
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= 20 cm;
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<emphasis bold="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">B, E</emphasis>
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= 10 mm;
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<emphasis bold="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">C</emphasis>
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= 5 mm;
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<emphasis bold="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">D</emphasis>
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= 1 mm
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<emphasis bold="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">A</emphasis>
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-
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<emphasis bold="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">E</emphasis>
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from
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">Fernando 3016</emphasis>
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(LBC). All photographs by Edwino S. Fernando.
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</paragraph>
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</caption>
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<caption httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/10656" pageId="4" pageNumber="5" start="Figure 2" startId="F2">
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<paragraph pageId="4" pageNumber="5">
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<emphasis bold="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">Figure 2.</emphasis>
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<taxonomicName authorityName="Fernando" authorityYear="2014" class="Dicotyledoneae" family="Violaceae" genus="Rinorea" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="" order="Violales" pageId="4" pageNumber="5" phylum="Angiospermae" rank="species" species="niccolifera">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">Rinorea niccolifera</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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Fernando.
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<emphasis bold="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">A</emphasis>
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Immature fruit showing depressed globose or obscurely 3-angular shape with prominent stylar remains
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<emphasis bold="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">B</emphasis>
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Mature, dehisced fruit showing three locules and seeds
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<emphasis bold="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">C</emphasis>
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Seedling showing foliaceus cotyledons and first three eophylls. Scale bars:
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<emphasis bold="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">A, B</emphasis>
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= 5 mm;
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<emphasis bold="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">C</emphasis>
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= 10 mm.
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<emphasis bold="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">A</emphasis>
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from
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">Fernando 3016</emphasis>
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(LBC),
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<emphasis bold="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">B</emphasis>
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from
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">Fernando 3042</emphasis>
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(LBC),
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<emphasis bold="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">C</emphasis>
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from
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">Fernando 3042A</emphasis>
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(LBC), from seed of
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">Fernando 3042</emphasis>
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germinated in nursery. All photographs by Edwino S. Fernando.
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</paragraph>
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</caption>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="4" pageNumber="5" type="distribution">
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<paragraph pageId="4" pageNumber="5">Distribution.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="4" pageNumber="5">Endemic in the Philippines. Luzon Island, Zambales Province, Municipalities of Sta. Cruz and Candelaria.</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="4" pageNumber="5" type="habitat and ecology">
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<paragraph pageId="4" pageNumber="5">Habitat and ecology.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="4" pageNumber="5">
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This species grows in forests on ultramafic soils, usually along gullies or sloping areas with large boulders or rocks at elevations of 320-825 m. In its type locality,
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<taxonomicName authorityName="Fernando" authorityYear="2014" class="Dicotyledoneae" family="Violaceae" genus="Rinorea" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="" order="Violales" pageId="4" pageNumber="5" phylum="Angiospermae" rank="species" species="niccolifera">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">Rinorea niccolifera</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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was observed growing with
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<taxonomicName authorityName="Merr" authorityYear="1951" baseAuthorityName="Merr" class="Dicotyledoneae" family="Myrtaceae" genus="Syzygium" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="" order="Myrtiflorae" pageId="4" pageNumber="5" phylum="Angiospermae" rank="species" species="longissimum">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">Syzygium longissimum</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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(Merr.) Merr. (
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<taxonomicName genus="Myrtaceae" lsidName="" pageId="4" pageNumber="5" rank="genus">Myrtaceae</taxonomicName>
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),
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<taxonomicName authorityName="Elmer" authorityYear="1908" class="Dicotyledoneae" family="Verbenaceae" genus="Clerodendrum" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="" order="Tubiflorae" pageId="4" pageNumber="5" phylum="Angiospermae" rank="species" species="klemmei">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">Clerodendrum klemmei</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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Elmer (
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<taxonomicName genus="Lamiaceae" lsidName="" pageId="4" pageNumber="5" rank="genus">Lamiaceae</taxonomicName>
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),
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<taxonomicName authorityName="Merr" authorityYear="1910" class="Dicotyledoneae" family="Rubiaceae" genus="Ixora" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="" order="Gentianales" pageId="4" pageNumber="5" phylum="Angiospermae" rank="species" species="ebracteolata">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">Ixora ebracteolata</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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Merr. (
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<taxonomicName genus="Rubiaceae" lsidName="" pageId="4" pageNumber="5" rank="genus">Rubiaceae</taxonomicName>
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),
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<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Mantidae" genus="Severinia" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF,CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="" order="Mantodea" pageId="4" pageNumber="5" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="disticha">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">Severinia disticha</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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(Blanco) Swingle (
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<taxonomicName genus="Rutaceae" lsidName="" pageId="4" pageNumber="5" rank="genus">Rutaceae</taxonomicName>
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),
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<taxonomicName class="Dicotyledoneae" family="Ebenaceae" genus="Diospyros" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="" order="Ebenales" pageId="4" pageNumber="5" phylum="Angiospermae" rank="species" species="ferrea">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">Diospyros ferrea</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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(Willd.) Bakh. (
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<taxonomicName genus="Ebenaceae" lsidName="" pageId="4" pageNumber="5" rank="genus">Ebenaceae</taxonomicName>
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),
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<taxonomicName class="Bacillariophyceae" family="Calophyllaceae" genus="Calophyllum" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Chromista" lsidName="" order="Malpighiales" pageId="4" pageNumber="5" phylum="Ochrophyta" rank="species" species="pentapetalum">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">Calophyllum pentapetalum</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(Blanco) Merr. (
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="J.Agardh" authorityYear="1858" genus="Calophyllaceae" lsidName="" pageId="4" pageNumber="5" rank="genus">Calophyllaceae</taxonomicName>
|
||
),
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Dicotyledoneae" family="Dichapetalaceae" genus="Dillenia" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="" order="Thymelaeales" pageId="4" pageNumber="5" phylum="Angiospermae" rank="species" species="luzoniensis">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">Dillenia luzoniensis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(Vidal) Merr. (
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="R.A.Salisbury" authorityYear="1807" genus="Dilleniaceae" lsidName="" pageId="4" pageNumber="5" rank="genus">Dilleniaceae</taxonomicName>
|
||
) and
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Dicotyledoneae" family="Combretaceae" genus="Terminalia" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="" order="Myrtiflorae" pageId="4" pageNumber="5" phylum="Angiospermae" rank="species" species="pellucida">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">Terminalia pellucida</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
C.Presl (
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="R.Brown" authorityYear="1810" genus="Combretaceae" lsidName="" pageId="4" pageNumber="5" rank="genus">Combretaceae</taxonomicName>
|
||
), among several other woody plant species. In some other sites within its range in the ultramafic area of Sta. Cruz and Candelaria in northern Zambales,
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Fernando" authorityYear="2014" class="Dicotyledoneae" family="Violaceae" genus="Rinorea" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="" order="Violales" pageId="4" pageNumber="5" phylum="Angiospermae" rank="species" species="niccolifera">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">Rinorea niccolifera</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
may occur together with
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Dicotyledoneae" family="Violaceae" genus="Rinorea" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="" order="Violales" pageId="4" pageNumber="5" phylum="Angiospermae" rank="species" species="bengalensis">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">Rinorea bengalensis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, the latter also a nickel hyperaccumulator, but is generally a larger tree reaching to 15 m tall and with stem diameter of up to 25 cm (see also further in Key to the species).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection pageId="4" pageNumber="5" type="additional specimens examined">
|
||
<paragraph pageId="4" pageNumber="5">Additional specimens examined.</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph pageId="4" pageNumber="5">
|
||
Philippines, Luzon Island, Zambales Province, Municipality of Sta. Cruz, Lucapon, along a gully with large boulders, 320 m elevation, flower buds, 19 April 2011,
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">Fernando 2421</emphasis>
|
||
(K, LBC, PNH),
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">Fernando 2422</emphasis>
|
||
(LBC, PNH); flower buds, 01 April 2012,
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">Fernando 3015</emphasis>
|
||
(CAHUP, LBC, PNH), mature fruits and seeds, 26 May 2012,
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">Fernando 3042</emphasis>
|
||
(LBC, PNH); Municipality of Candelaria, Malimlim area, on steep slope with rocky soil, 630 m elevation, sterile material, 18 January 2013,
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">Fernando 3072</emphasis>
|
||
(LBC), juvenile flower buds, 18 January 2013,
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">Fernando 3073</emphasis>
|
||
(LBC, PNH), 605 m elevation, sterile material, 18 May 2013,
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">Fernando 3161</emphasis>
|
||
(CAHUP, LBC), on steep slope, 750 m elevation, sterile material, 18 May 2013,
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">Fernando 3181</emphasis>
|
||
(LBC), on ridge summit, 825 m elevation, sterile material, 19 November 2013,
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">Fernando 3338</emphasis>
|
||
(LBC, PNH); Cultivated: Laguna Province, Los
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="Baños">Banos</normalizedToken>
|
||
, seedlings grown from seeds of
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">Fernando 3042</emphasis>
|
||
germinated in nursery, 21 August 2012,
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">Fernando 3042A</emphasis>
|
||
(LBC).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection pageId="4" pageNumber="5" type="etymology">
|
||
<paragraph pageId="4" pageNumber="5">Etymology.</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph pageId="4" pageNumber="5">
|
||
The specific epithet
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">niccolifera</emphasis>
|
||
refers to the ability of this species to hyperaccumulate the heavy metal nickel in its stem and leaf tissues (from
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">niccolum</emphasis>
|
||
- Neo Latin for nickel, and;
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">fer</emphasis>
|
||
- to yield, to contain).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection pageId="5" pageNumber="6" type="conservation status">
|
||
<paragraph pageId="5" pageNumber="6">
|
||
<pageBreakToken pageId="5" pageNumber="6" start="start">Conservation</pageBreakToken>
|
||
status.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph pageId="5" pageNumber="6">
|
||
Following the IUCN Categories and Criteria (
|
||
<bibRefCitation author="IUCN," journalOrPublisher="IUCN, Gland, Switzerland" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" refId="B17" refString="IUCN, , 2012. IUCN Red List Categories and Criteria, Version 3.1. IUCN, Gland, Switzerland" title="IUCN Red List Categories and Criteria, Version 3.1" year="2012">IUCN 2012</bibRefCitation>
|
||
), we regard this species as Endangered (EN B2ab(ii,iii,iv)). Its habitat is severely fragmented and is so far recorded only from three adjacent localities. Its current known area of occupancy is estimated to be less than 500 km2, and a continuing decline is observed, inferred or projected in its (a) extent of occurrence; (b) area of occupancy; and (c) area, extent and/or quality of habitat. Much of the habitat of this new species is subject to open pit mining.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |