treatments-xml/data/31/3A/88/313A88142A17F333FF87FDC1633CF6C2.xml
2024-06-21 12:32:55 +02:00

196 lines
18 KiB
XML
Raw Blame History

This file contains ambiguous Unicode characters

This file contains Unicode characters that might be confused with other characters. If you think that this is intentional, you can safely ignore this warning. Use the Escape button to reveal them.

<document id="852CE1C3EB04EEBDEEDFAB02F937E106" ID-CLB-Dataset="3306" ID-DOI="10.5281/zenodo.5727205" ID-GBIF-Dataset="60d0954b-1201-4408-8492-1a762f592c33" ID-Zenodo-Dep="5727205" IM.metadata_requiresApprovalFor="plazi" IM.taxonomicNames_requiresApprovalFor="plazi" checkinTime="1636037979838" checkinUser="conny" docAuthor="Russell A. Mittermeier, Anthony B. Rylands &amp; Don E. Wilson" docDate="2013" docId="313A88142A17F333FF87FDC1633CF6C2" docLanguage="en" docName="hbmw_3_Atelidae_0484.pdf.imf" docOrigin="Handbook of the Mammals of the World Volume 3 Primates, Barcelona: Lynx Edicions" docTitle="Alouatta sara Elliot 1910" docType="treatment" docVersion="12" lastPageNumber="527" masterDocId="CD03F06C2A13F337FFF3FF8F6156FFA3" masterDocTitle="Atelidae" masterLastPageNumber="549" masterPageNumber="484" pageNumber="527" updateTime="1699467777550" updateUser="ExternalLinkService">
<mods:mods id="BA04CE6523208E30AB3E6C99F4272E5C" xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
<mods:titleInfo id="9D2A7D9D2772EF407CE9AC3CE0537D67">
<mods:title id="3E850CC8BF7628CF7FD7EA9FCD3B7320">Atelidae</mods:title>
</mods:titleInfo>
<mods:name id="D34609D3A06A33E2E010C1F8E40E197D" type="personal">
<mods:role id="36F3B9FE3FB04F35E35C25CE687CEDDA">
<mods:roleTerm id="CA003E3938F9E14257189FE94BABD803">Author</mods:roleTerm>
</mods:role>
<mods:namePart id="C7B63FDDF3CA175B0C18786F0A511318">Russell A. Mittermeier</mods:namePart>
</mods:name>
<mods:name id="537E32A8DD110B395EBC899B65FBBE4A" type="personal">
<mods:role id="BBB13A0392003BA6AB9354D7D5A2C2CD">
<mods:roleTerm id="3699A902295F502C7B332C211E075B76">Author</mods:roleTerm>
</mods:role>
<mods:namePart id="AC3AE5AA60FD72FC2223E8035E86D1E0">Anthony B. Rylands</mods:namePart>
</mods:name>
<mods:name id="F6083155D504076E8C07AF940359F410" type="personal">
<mods:role id="5BB9795B8F4F26C4EB55CD3B7A6C5CF6">
<mods:roleTerm id="FAB3DC4F2D0618211158682B3C4DE942">Author</mods:roleTerm>
</mods:role>
<mods:namePart id="33EB016B9121EBD944433FD7B6CE996A">Don E. Wilson</mods:namePart>
</mods:name>
<mods:typeOfResource id="3222B90C9A907D81838533DBEB65B0D1">text</mods:typeOfResource>
<mods:relatedItem id="18C99E519D3763744CCA780A1F67197D" type="host">
<mods:originInfo id="72199B356CEDBDA81E2FD19DD09FF2BE">
<mods:dateIssued id="010E41CEA22F690A24A81FCD3CECB8B6">2013</mods:dateIssued>
<mods:dateOther id="3254E6706049D7C6BFA8BF352FD4A1A8" type="pubDate">2013-03-31</mods:dateOther>
<mods:publisher id="056947EC4D05B220C5760CD6754BA57A">Lynx Edicions</mods:publisher>
<mods:place id="6D665C299A3D6ED0BDC76A9A451222DA">
<mods:placeTerm id="D74D88CCF9DA450A9A8FACA7366A3CD8">Barcelona</mods:placeTerm>
</mods:place>
</mods:originInfo>
<mods:titleInfo id="B9BC28AC15143597D119C3ECD005DB0E">
<mods:title id="D068C04CA8056BAA17D6CFAE9470AD83">Handbook of the Mammals of the World Volume 3 Primates</mods:title>
</mods:titleInfo>
<mods:part id="EBC8AC94B2DFE162777C7D037F5CB4EB">
<mods:extent id="0BBE68814A5F071AD060C080448A9707" unit="page">
<mods:start id="D248BF8E714227F46F1E838C45347629">484</mods:start>
<mods:end id="396464020CDA694FCE06D41A1D3D1A2F">549</mods:end>
</mods:extent>
</mods:part>
</mods:relatedItem>
<mods:classification id="DDBE696F770D8E062ADB82BCDD89F877">book chapter</mods:classification>
<mods:identifier id="1DE41509685819AE2AD4E04885350FA0" type="CLB-Dataset">3306</mods:identifier>
<mods:identifier id="C3FB4EA1F4990B366100799A0FA89B10" type="DOI">10.5281/zenodo.5727205</mods:identifier>
<mods:identifier id="EE44BE6A1DCA29942D634510799C59A6" type="GBIF-Dataset">60d0954b-1201-4408-8492-1a762f592c33</mods:identifier>
<mods:identifier id="70E04CDF0FE3C86D157CB2DB73AA81FE" type="Zenodo-Dep">5727205</mods:identifier>
</mods:mods>
<treatment id="313A88142A17F333FF87FDC1633CF6C2" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5727225" ID-GBIF-Taxon="190703618" ID-Zenodo-Dep="5727225" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:313A88142A17F333FF87FDC1633CF6C2" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/313A88142A17F333FF87FDC1633CF6C2" lastPageNumber="527" pageId="4" pageNumber="527">
<subSubSection id="F1896A892A17F333FF87FDC161C2FDDB" box="[116,148,590,632]" pageId="4" pageNumber="527" type="multiple">
<paragraph id="B92C39022A17F333FF87FDC161C2FDDB" blockId="4.[114,1079,590,713]" box="[116,148,590,632]" pageId="4" pageNumber="527">
<heading id="E2648E6E2A17F333FF87FDC161C2FDDB" box="[116,148,590,632]" pageId="4" pageNumber="527">
<figureCitation id="21A825872A17F333FF87FDC161D8FDDB" box="[116,142,590,632]" captionStart="On" captionStartId="2.[106,137,3398,3418]" captionTargetBox="[15,2741,19,3636]" captionTargetPageId="1" captionText="On following pages 2 Urs ne Red Howler (Alouatta arcroldoal 3 Guıanan Red Howler (Alouarra macconnellı) 4 Bolıvıan Red Howler (Alouatta sara) 5 Amazon Black Howler Alouatta nigerrima) 6 Red-handed Howler (Alouarta belzebul) 7 Spıx s Howler (Alouatta discolorl 8 Maranhão Red-handed Howler (Alouatta ululata)" figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6585334" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6585334/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="527">4</figureCitation>
.
</heading>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="F1896A892A17F333FF56FDC16303FDDB" box="[165,597,590,632]" pageId="4" pageNumber="527" type="vernacular_names">
<paragraph id="B92C39022A17F333FF56FDC16303FDDB" blockId="4.[114,1079,590,713]" box="[165,597,590,632]" pageId="4" pageNumber="527">
<heading id="E2648E6E2A17F333FF56FDC16303FDDB" box="[165,597,590,632]" pageId="4" pageNumber="527">Bolivian Red Howler</heading>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="F1896A892A17F333FD75FDC162DFFDDB" box="[646,905,590,632]" pageId="4" pageNumber="527" type="nomenclature">
<paragraph id="B92C39022A17F333FD75FDC162DFFDDB" blockId="4.[114,1079,590,713]" box="[646,905,590,632]" pageId="4" pageNumber="527">
<heading id="E2648E6E2A17F333FD75FDC162DFFDDB" box="[646,905,590,632]" pageId="4" pageNumber="527">
<taxonomicName id="7E9342812A17F333FD75FDC162DFFDDB" ID-CoL="C5QL" authorityName="Elliot" authorityYear="1910" box="[646,905,590,632]" class="Mammalia" family="Atelidae" genus="Alouatta" kingdom="Animalia" order="Primates" pageId="4" pageNumber="527" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="sara">
<emphasis id="8BE7E5102A17F333FD75FDC162DFFDDB" box="[646,905,590,632]" pageId="4" pageNumber="527">Alouatta sara</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
</heading>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="F1896A892A17F333FF87FD0563B9FD65" pageId="4" pageNumber="527" type="vernacular_names">
<paragraph id="B92C39022A17F333FF87FD0563B9FD65" blockId="4.[114,1079,590,713]" pageId="4" pageNumber="527">
<heading id="E2648E6E2A17F333FF87FD0563B9FD65" pageId="4" pageNumber="527">
<emphasis id="8BE7E5102A17F333FF87FD056197FD3C" box="[116,193,650,671]" pageId="4" pageNumber="527">French:</emphasis>
<vernacularName id="3790492C2A17F333FF38FD05602DFD3C" box="[203,379,650,671]" pageId="4" pageNumber="527">
Hurleur de
<collectingCountry id="C18479922A17F333FEC8FD05602DFD3C" box="[315,379,650,671]" name="Bolivia" pageId="4" pageNumber="527">Bolivie</collectingCountry>
</vernacularName>
/
<emphasis id="8BE7E5102A17F333FE63FD0560BDFD3C" box="[400,491,650,671]" pageId="4" pageNumber="527">German:</emphasis>
<vernacularName id="3790492C2A17F333FE06FD0563CAFD3C" box="[501,668,650,671]" pageId="4" pageNumber="527">Bolivien-Brillaffe</vernacularName>
/
<emphasis id="8BE7E5102A17F333FD42FD05625AFD3C" box="[689,780,650,671]" pageId="4" pageNumber="527">Spanish:</emphasis>
<vernacularName id="3790492C2A17F333FCE5FD056560FD3C" box="[790,1078,650,671]" pageId="4" pageNumber="527">
Mono aullador rojo de
<collectingCountry id="C18479922A17F333FC0BFD056560FD3C" box="[1016,1078,650,671]" name="Bolivia" pageId="4" pageNumber="527">Bolivia</collectingCountry>
</vernacularName>
<emphasis id="8BE7E5102A17F333FF80FD3E603FFD65" box="[115,361,689,710]" pageId="4" pageNumber="527">Other common names:</emphasis>
<vernacularName id="3790492C2A17F333FE87FD3E63B9FD65" box="[372,751,689,710]" pageId="4" pageNumber="527">Bolivian Red Howler/Howling Monkey</vernacularName>
</heading>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="F1896A892A17F333FD29FD786474FCB7" box="[730,1314,759,788]" pageId="4" pageNumber="527" type="reference_group">
<paragraph id="B92C39022A17F333FD29FD786474FCB7" blockId="4.[729,1316,759,1181]" box="[730,1314,759,788]" pageId="4" pageNumber="527">
<emphasis id="8BE7E5102A17F333FD29FD786223FCB7" box="[730,885,759,788]" pageId="4" pageNumber="527">Taxonomy.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="7E9342812A17F333FC61FD78644BFCB7" ID-CoL="C5QL" authority="Elliot, 1910" authorityName="Elliot" authorityYear="1910" box="[914,1309,759,788]" class="Mammalia" family="Atelidae" genus="Alouatta" kingdom="Animalia" order="Primates" pageId="4" pageNumber="527" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="sara">Alouatta sara Elliot, 1910</taxonomicName>
,
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="F1896A892A17F333FD28FC956586FCC0" pageId="4" pageNumber="527" type="materials_examined">
<paragraph id="B92C39022A17F333FD28FC956586FCC0" blockId="4.[729,1316,759,1181]" pageId="4" pageNumber="527">
<materialsCitation id="09FB335F2A17F333FD28FC956586FCC0" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3784531303" pageId="4" pageNumber="527">
Province of Sara, department of
<collectingRegion id="7B57F7E02A17F333FB24FC956249FCC0" country="Bolivia" name="Santa Cruz" pageId="4" pageNumber="527">Santa Cruz</collectingRegion>
,
<collectingCountry id="C18479922A17F333FCDCFCC562D8FCC0" box="[815,910,842,867]" name="Bolivia" pageId="4" pageNumber="527">Bolivia</collectingCountry>
, 450 m above sea level.
</materialsCitation>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="F1896A892A17F333FD28FCE66523FBEC" pageId="4" pageNumber="527" type="discussion">
<paragraph id="B92C39022A17F333FD28FCE66523FBEC" blockId="4.[729,1316,759,1181]" pageId="4" pageNumber="527">
Molecular genetic and cytogenetic analyses demonstrated that A.
<taxonomicName id="7E9342812A17F333FBB6FC1E652CFC11" authorityName="Elliot" authorityYear="1910" box="[1093,1146,913,946]" class="Mammalia" family="Atelidae" genus="Alouatta" kingdom="Animalia" order="Primates" pageId="4" pageNumber="527" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="sara">sara</taxonomicName>
is a distinct taxon in the red howler group. It is a sister species to A.
<taxonomicName id="7E9342812A17F333FC4DFC676564FBA2" authorityName="Linnaeus" authorityYear="1766" box="[958,1074,1000,1025]" class="Mammalia" family="Atelidae" genus="Alouatta" kingdom="Animalia" order="Primates" pageId="4" pageNumber="527" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="seniculus">seniculus</taxonomicName>
, believed to have diverged from a common ancestor c.2-4 million years ago. Monotypic.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="F1896A892A17F333FD2AFBD260FAFB4F" pageId="4" pageNumber="527" type="distribution">
<caption id="EDEC698A2A17F333FD2AFBD260FAFB4F" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5727217" ID-Zenodo-Dep="5727217" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5727217/files/figure.png" inLine="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="527" targetBox="[118,697,767,1174]" targetPageId="4">
<paragraph id="B92C39022A17F333FD2AFBD260FAFB4F" blockId="4.[729,1316,759,1181]" lastBlockId="4.[111,1318,1188,2401]" pageId="4" pageNumber="527">
<emphasis id="8BE7E5102A17F333FD2AFBD262DFFBD5" box="[729,905,1117,1142]" pageId="4" pageNumber="527">Distribution.</emphasis>
<collectingCountry id="C18479922A17F333FC64FBD262A0FBD5" box="[919,1014,1117,1142]" name="Bolivia" pageId="4" pageNumber="527">Bolivia</collectingCountry>
, from the
<collectingRegion id="7B57F7E02A17F333FB7CFBD2620AFB3E" country="Bolivia" name="Pando" pageId="4" pageNumber="527">Pando Department</collectingRegion>
S along the Andean Cordillera and E into C
<collectingCountry id="C18479922A17F333FECAFB2B60C0FB66" box="[313,406,1188,1221]" name="Bolivia" pageId="4" pageNumber="527">Bolivia</collectingCountry>
including the entire Rio
<collectingRegion id="7B57F7E02A17F333FCFFFB2B621AFB66" box="[780,844,1188,1221]" country="Bolivia" name="Beni" pageId="4" pageNumber="527">Beni</collectingRegion>
Basin and E as far the Mamoré-Guaporé interfluvium.
</paragraph>
</caption>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="F1896A892A17F333FF82FB7C6315FA2A" pageId="4" pageNumber="527" type="description">
<paragraph id="B92C39022A17F333FF82FB7C6315FA2A" blockId="4.[111,1318,1188,2401]" pageId="4" pageNumber="527">
<emphasis id="8BE7E5102A17F333FF82FB7C603CFAB7" box="[113,362,1267,1300]" pageId="4" pageNumber="527">Descriptive notes.</emphasis>
Head-body 54-71-2 cm, tail 51-5-60 cm; weight 6-9 kg. The Bolivian Red Howleris similar in size to the Colombian Red Howler (A.
<taxonomicName id="7E9342812A17F333FBECFA9165CFFA98" authorityName="Linnaeus" authorityYear="1766" box="[1055,1177,1310,1339]" class="Mammalia" family="Atelidae" genus="Alouatta" kingdom="Animalia" order="Primates" pageId="4" pageNumber="527" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="seniculus">seniculus</taxonomicName>
), but with a smaller hyoid. Fur is brick-red above, with limbs, head, and proximal part of the tail slightly darker (i.e. more rufous).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="F1896A892A17F333FF82FA1F60DEF960" pageId="4" pageNumber="527" type="biology_ecology">
<paragraph id="B92C39022A17F333FF82FA1F60DEF960" blockId="4.[111,1318,1188,2401]" pageId="4" pageNumber="527">
<emphasis id="8BE7E5102A17F333FF82FA1F61B6FA12" box="[113,224,1424,1457]" pageId="4" pageNumber="527">Habitat.</emphasis>
Tropical forest, including riverine forest and seasonally flooded forests on the Chiquitano Shield, up to elevations of 1000 m. To the east of the Rio
<collectingRegion id="7B57F7E02A17F333FBC1FA38653AFA7B" box="[1074,1132,1463,1496]" country="Bolivia" name="Beni" pageId="4" pageNumber="527">Beni</collectingRegion>
,it is sympatric with the Paraguayan Howler (A.
<taxonomicName id="7E9342812A17F333FD90FA5163E3FA5C" box="[611,693,1502,1535]" class="Mammalia" family="Atelidae" genus="Alouatta" kingdom="Animalia" order="Primates" pageId="4" pageNumber="527" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="caraya">caraya</taxonomicName>
) in some areas, but the Bolivian Red Howler seems to prefer humid forests and seasonally flooded forests along major rivers while the Paraguayan Howler prefers drier, semi-deciduous forest and gallery forest in areas of savanna and chaco. There is a single report of both species occupying adjacent trees in igapo (black-water seasonally inundated forest) at Lago Caiman along the Rio Iténez (= Guapore).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="F1896A892A17F333FF82F9456564F948" box="[113,1074,1738,1771]" pageId="4" pageNumber="527" type="food_feeding">
<paragraph id="B92C39022A17F333FF82F9456564F948" blockId="4.[111,1318,1188,2401]" box="[113,1074,1738,1771]" pageId="4" pageNumber="527">
<emphasis id="8BE7E5102A17F333FF82F9456023F948" box="[113,373,1738,1771]" pageId="4" pageNumber="527">Food and Feeding.</emphasis>
There is no information available for this species.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="F1896A892A17F333FF82F97E6549F899" pageId="4" pageNumber="527" type="breeding">
<paragraph id="B92C39022A17F333FF82F97E6549F899" blockId="4.[111,1318,1188,2401]" pageId="4" pageNumber="527">
<emphasis id="8BE7E5102A17F333FF82F97E61A1F8B1" box="[113,247,1777,1810]" pageId="4" pageNumber="527">Breeding.</emphasis>
There is no specific information available for this species, but breeding and reproduction are likely to be similar to the Colombian Red Howler.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="F1896A892A17F333FF9CF8CF6541F8C2" box="[111,1047,1856,1889]" pageId="4" pageNumber="527" type="activity">
<paragraph id="B92C39022A17F333FF9CF8CF6541F8C2" blockId="4.[111,1318,1188,2401]" box="[111,1047,1856,1889]" pageId="4" pageNumber="527">
<emphasis id="8BE7E5102A17F333FF9CF8CF600CF8C2" box="[111,346,1856,1889]" pageId="4" pageNumber="527">Activity patterns.</emphasis>
There is no information available for this species.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="F1896A892A17F333FF82F8E8651BF874" pageId="4" pageNumber="527" type="biology_ecology">
<paragraph id="B92C39022A17F333FF82F8E8651BF874" blockId="4.[111,1318,1188,2401]" pageId="4" pageNumber="527">
<emphasis id="8BE7E5102A17F333FF82F8E8627BF82B" box="[113,813,1895,1928]" pageId="4" pageNumber="527">Movements, Home range and Social organization.</emphasis>
Based on surveys, the Bolivian Red Howler occurs in unimale-multifemale or multimale-multifemale groups, with 1-7 individuals. No data are available on home ranges or daily movements.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="F1896A892A17F333FF82F8526548F749" pageId="4" pageNumber="527" type="conservation">
<paragraph id="B92C39022A17F333FF82F8526548F749" blockId="4.[111,1318,1188,2401]" pageId="4" pageNumber="527">
<emphasis id="8BE7E5102A17F333FF82F852609FF85D" box="[113,457,2013,2046]" pageId="4" pageNumber="527">Status and Conservation.</emphasis>
CITES Appendix II. Classified as Least Concern on The [UCN Red List. Bolivian Red Howlers are hunted for meat in some regions. They occur in Amboro, Carrasco, Madidi, and Noel Kempff Mercado national parks,
<collectingRegion id="7B57F7E02A17F333FBBDF7A365DAF7EE" box="[1102,1164,2092,2125]" country="Bolivia" name="Beni" pageId="4" pageNumber="527">Beni</collectingRegion>
Biological Station and Biosphere Reserve, and Pilon
<collectingRegion id="7B57F7E02A17F333FD2AF7DC624BF7D7" box="[729,797,2131,2164]" country="Puerto Rico" name="Lajas" pageId="4" pageNumber="527">Lajas</collectingRegion>
Biosphere Reserve and Communal Lands. They are rare in the Rios Blanco y Negro National Reserve; encounter rates during surveys at various sites ranged from zero to 0-4 groups/ 10 km. It is possible that they are the red howlers occurring in Isiboro Sécure National Park.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="F1896A892A17F333FF82F775633CF6C2" pageId="4" pageNumber="527" type="bibRefCitation_list">
<paragraph id="B92C39022A17F333FF82F775633CF6C2" blockId="4.[111,1318,1188,2401]" pageId="4" pageNumber="527">
<emphasis id="8BE7E5102A17F333FF82F775605DF6B0" box="[113,267,2298,2323]" pageId="4" pageNumber="527">Bibliography.</emphasis>
Anderson (1997), Anderson et al. (1993), Cortés-Ortiz et al. (2003), Minezawa et al. (1986), Painter et al. (1995), Wallace &amp; Rumiz (2010), Wallace, Painter, Rumiz &amp; Taber (2000), Wallace, Painter &amp; Taber (1998), Wallace, Painter, Taber &amp; Ayres (1996).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>