198 lines
20 KiB
XML
198 lines
20 KiB
XML
<document id="24C2E7F1E2CD579C90147B9B8521F3DF" ID-CLB-Dataset="3306" ID-DOI="10.5281/zenodo.5727205" ID-GBIF-Dataset="60d0954b-1201-4408-8492-1a762f592c33" ID-Zenodo-Dep="5727205" IM.metadata_requiresApprovalFor="plazi" IM.taxonomicNames_requiresApprovalFor="plazi" checkinTime="1636037979838" checkinUser="conny" docAuthor="Russell A. Mittermeier, Anthony B. Rylands & Don E. Wilson" docDate="2013" docId="313A88142A02F326FF57F8726B6EFABA" docLanguage="en" docName="hbmw_3_Atelidae_0484.pdf.imf" docOrigin="Handbook of the Mammals of the World – Volume 3 Primates, Barcelona: Lynx Edicions" docTitle="Ateles marginatus E. Geoffroy Saint-Hilaire 1809" docType="treatment" docVersion="13" lastPageNumber="540" masterDocId="CD03F06C2A13F337FFF3FF8F6156FFA3" masterDocTitle="Atelidae" masterLastPageNumber="549" masterPageNumber="484" pageNumber="540" updateTime="1699467777550" updateUser="ExternalLinkService">
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<mods:mods id="D475AEBFB79E240E25F8CAF692C9AE59" xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
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<mods:titleInfo id="E9F56924B6206D98575522EC79B84785">
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<mods:title id="99C817D70C5363F739B0AFAF251F6E15">Atelidae</mods:title>
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</mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:name id="E8E4AAB85FA1281D3F17F18D5F2999F7" type="personal">
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<mods:namePart id="7F54DF38600AB6D7A6E0A016DD9FE1CE">Russell A. Mittermeier</mods:namePart>
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<mods:name id="09A943C46F01A42C11F43D6C91C92900" type="personal">
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<mods:roleTerm id="1DE5BAB5BF50D492A23CB8D4D9B82DDE">Author</mods:roleTerm>
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<mods:namePart id="E33F2C365051359B97ACB87968E9AEFC">Anthony B. Rylands</mods:namePart>
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<mods:name id="A6E6D39F48F4B56BAAF91B3FA17DA08D" type="personal">
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<mods:roleTerm id="640FBAFCF1FEF0A0092B3F10EF98CF3F">Author</mods:roleTerm>
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<mods:namePart id="D7339E078C64383BE284FADF317D56BE">Don E. Wilson</mods:namePart>
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<mods:typeOfResource id="A6109CF8AF515381E7C0AB98D9333E38">text</mods:typeOfResource>
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<mods:dateIssued id="2AFC51979CBA23ED20C8A6A55886236D">2013</mods:dateIssued>
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<mods:dateOther id="0EB23402F316740143D1FE9012B64233" type="pubDate">2013-03-31</mods:dateOther>
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<mods:publisher id="1D21025D7DA5E32CBF32B9752CC9DC54">Lynx Edicions</mods:publisher>
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<mods:place id="9EA4BA6F5EC72B547B80D3D35B3B900F">
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<mods:placeTerm id="4BCC3CA00912CCCA0027EB2DEB0EBAE7">Barcelona</mods:placeTerm>
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</mods:place>
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</mods:originInfo>
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<mods:titleInfo id="CFF862CC0AB437583443A3C2A024C0CD">
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<mods:title id="2E79C97B2D44D587561F05426053CF31">Handbook of the Mammals of the World – Volume 3 Primates</mods:title>
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</mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:part id="3B055A0D7D9AFB4C643DECCDA5D9C5BF">
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<mods:classification id="DA045EEE83597BEF96A4F03B5989731D">book chapter</mods:classification>
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<mods:identifier id="F6C881978C9C65E395C39FAB683D13FE" type="CLB-Dataset">3306</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier id="1F380A38C77EB6E97B41239DB884E7F6" type="DOI">10.5281/zenodo.5727205</mods:identifier>
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<treatment id="313A88142A02F326FF57F8726B6EFABA" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5727288" ID-GBIF-Taxon="190703640" ID-Zenodo-Dep="5727288" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:313A88142A02F326FF57F8726B6EFABA" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/313A88142A02F326FF57F8726B6EFABA" lastPageNumber="540" pageId="17" pageNumber="540">
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<subSubSection id="F1896A892A02F326FF57F872618DF78C" box="[164,219,2045,2095]" pageId="17" pageNumber="540" type="multiple">
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<paragraph id="B92C39022A02F326FF57F872618DF78C" blockId="17.[160,1309,2045,2214]" box="[164,219,2045,2095]" pageId="17" pageNumber="540">
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<heading id="E2648E6E2A02F326FF57F872618DF78C" box="[164,219,2045,2095]" pageId="17" pageNumber="540">
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<figureCitation id="21A825872A02F326FF57F8726183F78C" box="[164,213,2045,2095]" captionStart="On" captionStartId="14.[102,134,3402,3423]" captionTargetBox="[11,2744,18,3635]" captionTargetPageId="13" captionText="On following pages 14 Brown-headed Spıder Monkey (Ateles fuscıceps) 15 Black Spider Monkey (Areias chamekl. 16 Red-faced Black Spıder Monkey (Areias paniscus) 17 Whne-wmskered Spodev Monkey (Areias margmatus) 18 Whıtebellıed Spıdeı Monkey (Areias belzeburh), 19 Vanegated Spıder Monkey (Areias hybndus)" figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6588389" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6588389/files/figure.png" pageId="17" pageNumber="540">17</figureCitation>
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.
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||
</heading>
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||
</paragraph>
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||
</subSubSection>
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||
<subSubSection id="F1896A892A02F326FF1AF87262C7F78C" box="[233,913,2045,2095]" pageId="17" pageNumber="540" type="vernacular_names">
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<paragraph id="B92C39022A02F326FF1AF87262C7F78C" blockId="17.[160,1309,2045,2214]" box="[233,913,2045,2095]" pageId="17" pageNumber="540">
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<heading id="E2648E6E2A02F326FF1AF87262C7F78C" box="[233,913,2045,2095]" pageId="17" pageNumber="540">White-whiskered Spider Monkey</heading>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="F1896A892A02F326FC22F8726444F78C" box="[977,1298,2045,2095]" pageId="17" pageNumber="540" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph id="B92C39022A02F326FC22F8726444F78C" blockId="17.[160,1309,2045,2214]" box="[977,1298,2045,2095]" pageId="17" pageNumber="540">
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<heading id="E2648E6E2A02F326FC22F8726444F78C" box="[977,1298,2045,2095]" pageId="17" pageNumber="540">
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<taxonomicName id="7E9342812A02F326FC22F8726444F78C" ID-CoL="J8P9" authorityName="E. Geoffroy Saint-Hilaire" authorityYear="1809" box="[977,1298,2045,2095]" class="Mammalia" family="Atelidae" genus="Ateles" kingdom="Animalia" order="Primates" pageId="17" pageNumber="540" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="marginatus">
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<emphasis id="8BE7E5102A02F326FC22F8726444F78C" box="[977,1298,2045,2095]" pageId="17" pageNumber="540">Ateles marginatus</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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</heading>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="F1896A892A02F326FF52F7CE609DF705" pageId="17" pageNumber="540" type="vernacular_names">
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||
<paragraph id="B92C39022A02F326FF52F7CE609DF705" blockId="17.[160,1309,2045,2214]" pageId="17" pageNumber="540">
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<heading id="E2648E6E2A02F326FF52F7CE609DF705" pageId="17" pageNumber="540">
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<emphasis id="8BE7E5102A02F326FF52F7CE61B8F7F5" box="[161,238,2113,2134]" pageId="17" pageNumber="540">French:</emphasis>
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<vernacularName id="3790492C2A02F326FF05F7CE60E6F7F5" box="[246,432,2113,2134]" pageId="17" pageNumber="540">Atéle de Santarém</vernacularName>
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/
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<emphasis id="8BE7E5102A02F326FE35F7CE6377F7F5" box="[454,545,2113,2134]" pageId="17" pageNumber="540">German:</emphasis>
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<vernacularName id="3790492C2A02F326FDD9F7CE626EF7F5" box="[554,824,2113,2134]" pageId="17" pageNumber="540">Weildwangen-Klammeraffe</vernacularName>
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/
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<emphasis id="8BE7E5102A02F326FCBEF7CE62FEF7F5" box="[845,936,2113,2134]" pageId="17" pageNumber="540">Spanish:</emphasis>
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<vernacularName id="3790492C2A02F326FC41F7CE65BDF7F5" box="[946,1259,2113,2134]" pageId="17" pageNumber="540">Mono arana de mejillas blancas</vernacularName>
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<emphasis id="8BE7E5102A02F326FF52F7E660C1F7DD" box="[161,407,2153,2174]" pageId="17" pageNumber="540">Other common names:</emphasis>
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<vernacularName id="3790492C2A02F326FE52F7E663E6F7DD" box="[417,688,2153,2174]" pageId="17" pageNumber="540">Marimanda Spider Monkey</vernacularName>
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,
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<vernacularName id="3790492C2A02F326FD4EF7E662A2F7DD" box="[701,1012,2153,2174]" pageId="17" pageNumber="540">White-cheeked Spider Monkey</vernacularName>
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,
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<vernacularName id="3790492C2A02F326FBF2F7E6644FF7DD" box="[1025,1305,2153,2174]" pageId="17" pageNumber="540">White-faced Spider Monkey</vernacularName>
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,
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<vernacularName id="3790492C2A02F326FF53F71E609DF705" box="[160,459,2193,2214]" pageId="17" pageNumber="540">White-fronted Spider Monkey</vernacularName>
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</heading>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="F1896A892A02F326FCFAF7596543F6B9" pageId="17" pageNumber="540" type="reference_group">
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<paragraph id="B92C39022A02F326FCFAF7596543F6B9" blockId="17.[777,1364,2262,2684]" pageId="17" pageNumber="540">
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<emphasis id="8BE7E5102A02F326FCFAF75962F2F750" box="[777,932,2262,2291]" pageId="17" pageNumber="540">Taxonomy.</emphasis>
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<taxonomicName id="7E9342812A02F326FC45F7596546F6B9" ID-CoL="J8P9" authority="E. Geoffroy Saint-Hilaire, 1809" authorityName="E. Geoffroy Saint-Hilaire" authorityYear="1809" class="Mammalia" family="Atelidae" genus="Ateles" kingdom="Animalia" order="Primates" pageId="17" pageNumber="540" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="marginatus">Atleles marginatus E. Geoffroy Saint-Hilaire, 1809</taxonomicName>
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,
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="F1896A892A02F326FBD2F77665B5F6CA" pageId="17" pageNumber="540" type="materials_examined">
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<paragraph id="B92C39022A02F326FBD2F77665B5F6CA" blockId="17.[777,1364,2262,2684]" pageId="17" pageNumber="540">
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<materialsCitation id="09FB335F2A02F326FBD2F77665B5F6CA" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3785727305" pageId="17" pageNumber="540">
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<collectingCountry id="C18479922A02F326FBD2F7766524F6B9" box="[1057,1138,2297,2330]" name="Brazil" pageId="17" pageNumber="540">Brazil</collectingCountry>
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,
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<collectingRegion id="7B57F7E02A02F326FB71F776641BF6B9" box="[1154,1357,2297,2330]" country="Brazil" name="Rio de Janeiro" pageId="17" pageNumber="540">Rio de Janeiro</collectingRegion>
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. Restricted by R. Kellogg and E. Goldman in 1944 to Cameta, Rio
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<collectingRegion id="7B57F7E02A02F326FBA6F6DF6589F6CA" box="[1109,1247,2384,2409]" country="Brazil" name="Tocantins" pageId="17" pageNumber="540">Tocantins</collectingRegion>
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.
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</materialsCitation>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="F1896A892A02F326FCF9F6E06559F506" pageId="17" pageNumber="540" type="discussion">
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<paragraph id="B92C39022A02F326FCF9F6E06559F506" blockId="17.[777,1364,2262,2684]" lastBlockId="17.[162,1367,2696,3470]" pageId="17" pageNumber="540">
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The restriction to Cameta was evidently erroneous or perhaps based on a pet animal. There is no evidence for its occurrence east of the Rio Xingu. There is a zone of apparent interbreeding between this species and A.
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<taxonomicName id="7E9342812A02F326FBE3F5BC653DF5F7" authorityName="Humboldt" authorityYear="1812" box="[1040,1131,2611,2644]" class="Mammalia" family="Atelidae" genus="Ateles" kingdom="Animalia" order="Primates" pageId="17" pageNumber="540" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="chamek">chamek</taxonomicName>
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on the east bank of the upper Rio Tapajos; such individuals are typical
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<taxonomicName id="7E9342812A02F326FEC8F50760A2F506" authorityName="E. Geoffroy Saint-Hilaire" authorityYear="1809" box="[315,500,2696,2725]" class="Mammalia" family="Atelidae" genus="Ateles" kingdom="Animalia" order="Primates" pageId="17" pageNumber="540" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="marginatus">A. marginatus</taxonomicName>
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in their pelage characters. Monotypic.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="F1896A892A02F326FF51F521627FF4E1" pageId="17" pageNumber="540" type="distribution">
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<caption id="EDEC698A2A02F326FF51F521627FF4E1" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5727255" ID-Zenodo-Dep="5727255" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5727255/files/figure.png" inLine="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="540" targetBox="[165,744,2271,2677]" targetPageId="17">
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<paragraph id="B92C39022A02F326FF51F521627FF4E1" blockId="17.[162,1367,2696,3470]" pageId="17" pageNumber="540">
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<emphasis id="8BE7E5102A02F326FF51F5216004F568" box="[162,338,2734,2763]" pageId="17" pageNumber="540">Distribution.</emphasis>
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Endemic to the Brazilian Amazon (states of
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<collectingRegion id="7B57F7E02A02F326FC3AF521652FF568" box="[969,1145,2734,2763]" country="Brazil" name="Mato Grosso" pageId="17" pageNumber="540">Mato Grosso</collectingRegion>
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and
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<collectingRegion id="7B57F7E02A02F326FB31F5216453F568" box="[1218,1285,2734,2763]" country="Suriname" name="Para" pageId="17" pageNumber="540">Para</collectingRegion>
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), S of the lower Rio
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<collectingRegion id="7B57F7E02A02F326FE94F55E60A0F551" box="[359,502,2769,2802]" country="Venezuela" name="Amazonas" pageId="17" pageNumber="540">Amazonas</collectingRegion>
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between the rios Tapajos and Teles Pires (right banks) in the W and the Rio Xingu (left bank) in the E; the upper Rio Teles Pires and the Serra do Cachimbo mark the S limits to its distribution.
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</paragraph>
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</caption>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="F1896A892A02F326FF50F4C36500F3A5" pageId="17" pageNumber="540" type="description">
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<paragraph id="B92C39022A02F326FF50F4C36500F3A5" blockId="17.[162,1367,2696,3470]" pageId="17" pageNumber="540">
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<emphasis id="8BE7E5102A02F326FF50F4C360F6F4CA" box="[163,416,2892,2921]" pageId="17" pageNumber="540">Descriptive notes.</emphasis>
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Head-body 50-70 cm (males) and 35-58 cm (females), tail 75- 90 cm (males) and 62-77 cm (females); weight c.10-4 kg (males) and c.5-8 kg (females). The White-whiskered Spider Monkeyis relatively small. Its fur is entirely black except for a triangular white patch on the forehead and whitish cheek whiskers. Juveniles have a very pale, flesh-colored face that becomes red in adults.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="F1896A892A02F326FF50F39B6002F3F5" pageId="17" pageNumber="540" type="biology_ecology">
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<paragraph id="B92C39022A02F326FF50F39B6002F3F5" blockId="17.[162,1367,2696,3470]" pageId="17" pageNumber="540">
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<emphasis id="8BE7E5102A02F326FF50F39B6044F38E" box="[163,274,3092,3117]" pageId="17" pageNumber="540">Habitat.</emphasis>
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Primary lowland rainforest, and riparian, marsh, semi-deciduous, and dry savanna forest.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="F1896A892A02F326FF57F3D1638AF351" pageId="17" pageNumber="540" type="food_feeding">
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<paragraph id="B92C39022A02F326FF57F3D1638AF351" blockId="17.[162,1367,2696,3470]" pageId="17" pageNumber="540">
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<emphasis id="8BE7E5102A02F326FF57F3D160FAF3D8" box="[164,428,3166,3195]" pageId="17" pageNumber="540">Food and Feeding.</emphasis>
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In Cristalino State Park, northern
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<collectingRegion id="7B57F7E02A02F326FC55F3D1650CF3D8" box="[934,1114,3166,3195]" country="Brazil" name="Mato Grosso" pageId="17" pageNumber="540">Mato Grosso</collectingRegion>
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, the White-whiskered Spider Monkey feeds mainly on ripe fruits and young leaves especially from species ofViolaceae,
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<taxonomicName id="7E9342812A02F326FE6BF33E634CF369" box="[408,538,3249,3274]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Fabaceae" kingdom="Plantae" order="Fabales" pageId="17" pageNumber="540" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="family">Fabaceae</taxonomicName>
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, and
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<taxonomicName id="7E9342812A02F326FD95F33E63B1F369" box="[614,743,3249,3274]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Rutaceae" kingdom="Plantae" order="Sapindales" pageId="17" pageNumber="540" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="family">Rutaceae</taxonomicName>
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. They eat seeds of
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<taxonomicName id="7E9342812A02F326FC1AF33E653FF369" box="[1001,1129,3249,3274]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Moraceae" genus="Brosimum" kingdom="Plantae" order="Rosales" pageId="17" pageNumber="540" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">Brosimum</taxonomicName>
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guianense (
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<taxonomicName id="7E9342812A02F326FAF2F33E61B5F351" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Moraceae" kingdom="Plantae" order="Rosales" pageId="17" pageNumber="540" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="family">Moraceae</taxonomicName>
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) and soil from termite nest tunnels.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="F1896A892A02F326FF57F37362D8F2BA" box="[164,910,3324,3353]" pageId="17" pageNumber="540" type="breeding">
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<paragraph id="B92C39022A02F326FF57F37362D8F2BA" blockId="17.[162,1367,2696,3470]" box="[164,910,3324,3353]" pageId="17" pageNumber="540">
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<emphasis id="8BE7E5102A02F326FF57F373607CF2BA" box="[164,298,3324,3353]" pageId="17" pageNumber="540">Breeding.</emphasis>
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No information is available for this species.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="F1896A892A02F326FF50F2AC626EF22D" pageId="17" pageNumber="540" type="activity">
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<paragraph id="B92C39022A02F326FF50F2AC626EF22D" blockId="17.[162,1367,2696,3470]" pageId="17" pageNumber="540">
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<emphasis id="8BE7E5102A02F326FF50F2AC60DAF2E3" box="[163,396,3363,3392]" pageId="17" pageNumber="540">Activity patterns.</emphasis>
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Preliminary observations of White-whiskered Spider Monkeys in Cristalino State Park indicate an activity budget of ¢.44% traveling, 28-6% resting, 12-2% feeding, and 15-2% engaged in other activities.
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</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="F1896A892A02F326FA65FE906721FE14" pageId="17" pageNumber="540" type="biology_ecology">
|
||
<paragraph id="B92C39022A02F326FA65FE906721FE14" blockId="17.[1430,2638,287,1305]" pageId="17" pageNumber="540">
|
||
<emphasis id="8BE7E5102A02F326FA65FE906901FEE3" box="[1430,2135,287,320]" pageId="17" pageNumber="540">Movements, Home range and Social organization.</emphasis>
|
||
The White-whiskered Spider Monkey is the least known of the Amazonian spider monkeys. A group of at least 24 individuals was seen in surveys in Tapajos National Forest. No estimates of density have been published.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="F1896A892A02F326FA64FE326691FB69" pageId="17" pageNumber="540" type="conservation">
|
||
<paragraph id="B92C39022A02F326FA64FE326691FB69" blockId="17.[1430,2638,287,1305]" pageId="17" pageNumber="540">
|
||
<emphasis id="8BE7E5102A02F326FA64FE3267A0FE7D" box="[1431,1782,445,478]" pageId="17" pageNumber="540">Status and Conservation.</emphasis>
|
||
CITES Appendix II. Classified as Endangered on The [UCN Red List. The small distribution of the White-whiskered Spider Monkey, the smallest of any of the Amazonian spider monkeys, is bisected by the Transamazon Highway along which there has been considerable settlement and by the Cuiaba-Santarém Highway. It is particularly susceptible to hunting. Accelerated expansion of the agricultural frontier, creating enormous areas of soy bean plantations that accompany the paving of the Cuiaba-Santarém Highway, is a major threat. Surveys are currently ongoing throughout it distribution. It is known to occur in five Brazilian national forests (Altamira, [taituba I, Itaituba II, Tapajos, and Xingu), offering some degree of protection. It also occurs in Upper Xingu National Indigenous Park and, reportedly, on a few private ranches. Surveys along the lower Rio Tapajos, including Tapajos National Forest, show that its forests are fragmented and degraded in many areas. It is not found in forest fragments of less than 100 ha, and it is extinct or at least extremely rare in the northern part of its distribution along the Tapajos, including the northern one-third of the national forest. In two sites (c.3° 20’ S), it was found at relative abundances of 0-14 and 0-7 sightings/ 10 km. It was also found in very low numbers along the southern edge of the national forest adjacent to the Transamazon Highway. Its absence from many areas is ascribed to selective logging (perhaps removing key tree species for the monkeys) and hunting. It occurs in the Cristalino State Park (184,900 ha) in northern
|
||
<collectingRegion id="7B57F7E02A02F326F5F1FB0E64A1FB69" country="Brazil" name="Mato Grosso" pageId="17" pageNumber="540">Mato Grosso</collectingRegion>
|
||
in the southern part of its range.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="F1896A892A02F326FA6AFB566B6EFABA" pageId="17" pageNumber="540" type="bibRefCitation_list">
|
||
<paragraph id="B92C39022A02F326FA6AFB566B6EFABA" blockId="17.[1430,2638,287,1305]" pageId="17" pageNumber="540">
|
||
<emphasis id="8BE7E5102A02F326FA6AFB566765FB51" box="[1433,1587,1241,1266]" pageId="17" pageNumber="540">Bibliography.</emphasis>
|
||
Cardias & Veiga (2011), Ferrari & Lopes (1990a), Ferrari et al. (2003), Kellogg & Goldman (1944), Martins et al. (1988), Mittermeier, Boubli & Di Fiore (2008), Pimenta & Silva (2005), Ravetta & Ferrari (2009).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |