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<mods:title id="C80B2CB17D183DE87002E5BE05557868">The hydrozoan fauna (Cnidaria: Hydrozoa) from the peaks of the Ormonde and Gettysburg seamounts (Gorringe Bank, NE Atlantic)</mods:title>
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<taxonomicName id="7E874D04FFB2FFC6FF69534511D7FBBF" ID-CoL="4KJLT" box="[151,384,1069,1095]" class="Hydrozoa" family="Plumulariidae" genus="Plumularia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Leptothecata" pageId="15" pageNumber="163" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="setacea">
<emphasis id="8BF3EA95FFB2FFC6FF69534511D7FBBF" bold="true" box="[151,384,1069,1095]" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="163">Plumularia setacea</emphasis>
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<paragraph id="B9383687FFB2FFC6FF69532710A2FB90" blockId="15.[151,384,1069,1128]" box="[151,245,1103,1128]" pageId="15" pageNumber="163">(fig. 4E)</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="B9383687FFB2FFC6FF6953F0127BFB56" blockId="15.[151,1437,1176,1290]" box="[151,556,1176,1198]" pageId="15" pageNumber="163">
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<taxonomicName id="7E874D04FFB2FFC6FF6953F0127FFB56" authority="Linnaeus, 1758: 813" authorityName="Linnaeus" authorityPageNumber="813" authorityYear="1758" box="[151,552,1176,1198]" class="Hydrozoa" family="Sertulariidae" genus="Sertularia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Leptothecata" pageId="15" pageNumber="163" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="setacea">
<emphasis id="8BF3EA95FFB2FFC6FF6953F01107FB56" box="[151,336,1176,1198]" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="163">Sertularia setacea</emphasis>
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: 813
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.
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<paragraph id="B9383687FFB2FFC6FF6953DE1348FAF2" blockId="15.[151,1437,1176,1290]" pageId="15" pageNumber="163">
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<taxonomicName id="7E874D04FFB2FFC6FF6953DE1137FB35" ID-CoL="4KJLT" box="[151,352,1206,1229]" class="Hydrozoa" family="Plumulariidae" genus="Plumularia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Leptothecata" pageId="15" pageNumber="163" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="setacea">
<emphasis id="8BF3EA95FFB2FFC6FF6953DE1137FB35" box="[151,352,1206,1229]" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="163">Plumularia setacea</emphasis>
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.—
<treatmentCitation id="38261096FFB2FFC6FE8053DF1200FB34" author="Da" box="[382,599,1206,1228]" page="30" pageId="15" pageNumber="163" year="1944">
<bibRefCitation id="DD164B76FFB2FFC6FE8053DF1279FB34" author="Da" box="[382,558,1206,1228]" pageId="15" pageNumber="163" refString="Da Cunha, A. X. (1944) Hidropolipos das costas de Portugal. Memorias e Estudos do Museu Zoologico da Universidade de Coimbra, 161, 1 - 101." type="journal article" year="1944">
Da
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, 1944
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: 30
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, figs 1213.—
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<bibRefCitation id="DD164B76FFB2FFC6FD1153DE13BAFB34" author="Ansin" box="[751,1005,1206,1229]" pageId="15" pageNumber="163" refString="Ansin Agis, J., Ramil, F. &amp; Vervoort, W. (2001) Atlantic Leptolida (Hydrozoa, Cnidaria) of the families Aglaopheniidae, Halopterididae, Kirchenpaueriidae and Plumulariidae collected during the CANCAP and Mauritania-II expeditions of the National Museum of Natural History, Leiden, the Netherlands. Zoologische Verhandelingen, Leiden, 333, 1 - 268." type="journal article" year="2001">
Ansín Agís
<emphasis id="8BF3EA95FFB2FFC6FC8C53D013F6FB34" box="[882,929,1206,1229]" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="163">et al</emphasis>
., 2001
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: 238
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-, fig. 91.—Peña Cantero &amp; García Carrascosa, 2002: 117119, fig. 21cd.—
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Bouillon
<emphasis id="8BF3EA95FFB2FFC6FD2853BE1352FB13" box="[726,773,1237,1259]" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="163">et al</emphasis>
., 2004
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:175
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176, fig. 95AE.—
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<bibRefCitation id="DD164B76FFB2FFC6FBB553BD1548FB13" author="Moura" box="[1099,1311,1237,1259]" pageId="15" pageNumber="163" refString="Moura, C. J., Cunha, M. R., Porteiro, F. M., Yesson, C. &amp; Rogers, A. D. (2012 a) Evolution of Nemertesia hydroids (Cnidaria: Hydrozoa, Plumulariidae) from the shallow and deep-waters of the NE Atlantic and western Mediterranean. Zoologica Scripta, 41, 79 - 96. http: // dx. doi. org / 10.1111 / j. 1463 - 6409.2011.00503. x" type="journal article" year="2012" yearSuffix="a">
Moura
<emphasis id="8BF3EA95FFB2FFC6FB6453BE149EFB13" box="[1178,1225,1237,1259]" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="163">et al</emphasis>
., 2012a
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: 95
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96, fig. 7.—
<treatmentCitation id="38261096FFB2FFC6FF0E539C119CFAF2" author="Schuchert" box="[240,459,1268,1290]" page="117" pageId="15" pageNumber="163" year="2014">
<bibRefCitation id="DD164B76FFB2FFC6FF0E539C11CBFAF2" author="Schuchert" box="[240,412,1268,1290]" pageId="15" pageNumber="163" refString="Schuchert, P. (2014) High genetic diversity in the hydroid Plumularia setacea: A multitude of cryptic species or extensive population subdivision? Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution, 76, 1 - 9. http: // dx. doi. org / 10.1016 / j. ympev. 2014.02.020" type="journal article" year="2014">Schuchert, 2014</bibRefCitation>
: 117
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118, figs 2AB, 4, 5AF, 6AC.
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</paragraph>
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<subSubSection id="F19D650CFFB2FFC6FF69525E13D3F9FB" pageId="15" pageNumber="163" type="materials_examined">
<paragraph id="B9383687FFB2FFC6FF69525E13D3F9FB" blockId="15.[151,1436,1334,2007]" pageId="15" pageNumber="163">
<emphasis id="8BF3EA95FFB2FFC6FF69525E110BFAB7" bold="true" box="[151,348,1334,1359]" pageId="15" pageNumber="163">Material studied</emphasis>
.
<emphasis id="8BF3EA95FFB2FFC6FE94525E1274FAB7" bold="true" box="[362,547,1334,1359]" pageId="15" pageNumber="163">Ormonde, stn 2</emphasis>
: few stems, fertile, on hydrorhiza and hydrocauli of one colony of
<taxonomicName id="7E874D04FFB2FFC6FAF3525E108AFA8B" class="Hydrozoa" family="Aglaopheniidae" genus="Aglaophenia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Leptothecata" pageId="15" pageNumber="163" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="pluma">
<emphasis id="8BF3EA95FFB2FFC6FAF3525E108AFA8B" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="163">Aglaophenia pluma</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
;
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1526.03.
<emphasis id="8BF3EA95FFB2FFC6FE5A52321225FA8B" bold="true" box="[420,626,1370,1395]" pageId="15" pageNumber="163">Gettysburg, stn 5</emphasis>
: small and fertile colonies, on two colonies of
<taxonomicName id="7E874D04FFB2FFC6FB815233150CFA8B" box="[1151,1371,1371,1395]" class="Hydrozoa" family="Aglaopheniidae" genus="Aglaophenia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Leptothecata" pageId="15" pageNumber="163" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="pluma">
<emphasis id="8BF3EA95FFB2FFC6FB815233150CFA8B" box="[1151,1371,1371,1395]" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="163">Aglaophenia pluma</emphasis>
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; with hydrocladia ramified;
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1526.01.
<emphasis id="8BF3EA95FFB2FFC6FDB252161349FA6F" bold="true" box="[588,798,1406,1431]" pageId="15" pageNumber="163">Gettysburg, stn 6</emphasis>
: some shoots on four cormoids, fertile, on
<taxonomicName id="7E874D04FFB2FFC6FAF35216108AFA43" class="Hydrozoa" family="Aglaopheniidae" genus="Aglaophenia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Leptothecata" pageId="15" pageNumber="163" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="pluma">
<emphasis id="8BF3EA95FFB2FFC6FAF35216108AFA43" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="163">Aglaophenia pluma</emphasis>
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;
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1526.02.
<emphasis id="8BF3EA95FFB2FFC6FE4E52CA12DDFA43" bold="true" box="[432,650,1442,1467]" pageId="15" pageNumber="163">Gettysburg, stn 8</emphasis>
: some small colonies on cormoids of
<emphasis id="8BF3EA95FFB2FFC6FBA352CB15CBFA43" box="[1117,1436,1443,1467]" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="163">
<taxonomicName id="7E874D04FFB2FFC6FBA352CB15CFFA43" box="[1117,1432,1443,1467]" class="Hydrozoa" family="Aglaopheniidae" genus="Aglaophenia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Leptothecata" pageId="15" pageNumber="163" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="kirchenpaueri">Aglaophenia kirchenpaueri</taxonomicName>
,
</emphasis>
<collectionCode id="DF96AE42FFB2FFC6FF6952AF10B1FA27" box="[151,230,1479,1503]" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/p469-157j" name="Zoological Collection of the Biology Department, University of the Azores" pageId="15" pageNumber="163">DBUA</collectionCode>
1502.03.
<emphasis id="8BF3EA95FFB2FFC6FE9D52AE121CFA27" bold="true" box="[355,587,1478,1503]" pageId="15" pageNumber="163">Gettysburg, stn 10</emphasis>
: some small cormoids on hydrocauli of two cormoids of
<taxonomicName id="7E874D04FFB2FFC6FAF352AE1164F9FB" class="Hydrozoa" family="Aglaopheniidae" genus="Aglaophenia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Leptothecata" pageId="15" pageNumber="163" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="kirchenpaueri">
<emphasis id="8BF3EA95FFB2FFC6FAF352AE1164F9FB" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="163">Aglaophenia kirchenpaueri</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
;
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1124.01; Genbank accession no.
<accessionNumber id="A6D4AB64FFB2FFC6FCF7528213D7F9FB" box="[777,896,1514,1539]" httpUri="https://www.ebi.ac.uk/ena/browser/api/embl/JN714608" pageId="15" pageNumber="163">JN714608</accessionNumber>
.
</paragraph>
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<subSubSection id="F19D650CFFB2FFD9FF3951661190FC5D" lastPageId="16" lastPageNumber="164" pageId="15" pageNumber="163" type="discussion">
<paragraph id="B9383687FFB2FFC6FF3951661255F907" blockId="15.[151,1436,1334,2007]" pageId="15" pageNumber="163">
<emphasis id="8BF3EA95FFB2FFC6FF3951661163F9DF" bold="true" box="[199,308,1550,1575]" pageId="15" pageNumber="163">Remarks</emphasis>
. This species was previously recorded in the Gorringe Bank at 250 meters depth (
<bibRefCitation id="DD164B76FFB2FFC6FAF3516610B6F9B3" author="Ramil" pageId="15" pageNumber="163" refString="Ramil, F., Vervoort, W. &amp; Ansin, J. (1998 b) Report on the Haleciidae and Plumularioidea (Cnidaria, Hydrozoa) collected by the French SEAMOUNT 1 Expedition. Zoologische Verhandelingen, 322, 1 - 42." type="journal article" year="1998" yearSuffix="b">
Ramil
<emphasis id="8BF3EA95FFB2FFC6FAA1516715C2F9DE" box="[1375,1429,1550,1574]" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="163">et al</emphasis>
. 1998b
</bibRefCitation>
). Some colonies of stations 2 and 5 had ramified hydrocladia. The 16S sequence determined of a colony from the Gettysburg seamount (stn 8) retrieved an exclusive haplotype that falls in a clade, with low sequence divergence, with a range of specimens from the European coasts, western Mediterranean and Azores (
<bibRefCitation id="DD164B76FFB2FFC6FAEE511310B7F94F" author="Moura" pageId="15" pageNumber="163" refString="Moura, C. J., Cunha, M. R., Porteiro, F. M., Yesson, C. &amp; Rogers, A. D. (2012 a) Evolution of Nemertesia hydroids (Cnidaria: Hydrozoa, Plumulariidae) from the shallow and deep-waters of the NE Atlantic and western Mediterranean. Zoologica Scripta, 41, 79 - 96. http: // dx. doi. org / 10.1111 / j. 1463 - 6409.2011.00503. x" type="journal article" year="2012" yearSuffix="a">
Moura
<emphasis id="8BF3EA95FFB2FFC6FA9A511315C2F96B" box="[1380,1429,1659,1683]" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="163">et al</emphasis>
. 2012a
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). Because
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<emphasis id="8BF3EA95FFB2FFC6FEA651F7119FF94E" box="[344,456,1695,1718]" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="163">P. setacea</emphasis>
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was originally described from the
<collectingCountry id="C1907617FFB2FFC6FCAF51F7132EF94E" box="[849,889,1695,1718]" name="United Kingdom" pageId="15" pageNumber="163">UK</collectingCountry>
(Ellis 1755: 19, as
<emphasis id="8BF3EA95FFB2FFC6FBAB51F61571F94E" box="[1109,1318,1694,1718]" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="163">
<taxonomicName id="7E874D04FFB2FFC6FBAB51F61577F94E" box="[1109,1312,1694,1718]" class="Polychaeta" family="Sabellidae" genus="Corallina" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Sabellida" pageId="15" pageNumber="163" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="setacea">Corallina setacea</taxonomicName>
;
</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="DD164B76FFB2FFC6FAD051F61085F923" author="Linnaeus" pageId="15" pageNumber="163" refString="Linnaeus, C. (1758) Systema naturae per regna tria naturae, secundum classes, ordines, genera, species cum characteribus, differentiis, synonymis, locis. Editio decima, reformata. L. Salvii, Holmiae, 823 pp. http: // dx. doi. org / 10.5962 / bhl. title. 542" type="book" year="1758">Linnaeus, 1758</bibRefCitation>
), molecular phylogenetic analyses further corroborated the taxonomic identification of the Gorringe specimens (
<bibRefCitation id="DD164B76FFB2FFC6FEE4518F11A1F907" author="Moura" box="[282,502,1766,1791]" pageId="15" pageNumber="163" refString="Moura, C. J., Cunha, M. R., Porteiro, F. M., Yesson, C. &amp; Rogers, A. D. (2012 a) Evolution of Nemertesia hydroids (Cnidaria: Hydrozoa, Plumulariidae) from the shallow and deep-waters of the NE Atlantic and western Mediterranean. Zoologica Scripta, 41, 79 - 96. http: // dx. doi. org / 10.1111 / j. 1463 - 6409.2011.00503. x" type="journal article" year="2012" yearSuffix="a">
Moura
<emphasis id="8BF3EA95FFB2FFC6FE93518F11C8F906" box="[365,415,1766,1790]" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="163">et al</emphasis>
. 2012a
</bibRefCitation>
).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="B9383687FFB2FFC6FF3950621219F877" blockId="15.[151,1436,1334,2007]" pageId="15" pageNumber="163">
Preliminary phylogenetic analyses of
<bibRefCitation id="DD164B76FFB2FFC6FD9050631301F8DB" box="[622,854,1803,1827]" pageId="15" pageNumber="163" refString="Moura, C. J., Cunha, M. R., Porteiro, F. M., Yesson, C. &amp; Rogers, A. D. (2012 a) Evolution of Nemertesia hydroids (Cnidaria: Hydrozoa, Plumulariidae) from the shallow and deep-waters of the NE Atlantic and western Mediterranean. Zoologica Scripta, 41, 79 - 96. http: // dx. doi. org / 10.1111 / j. 1463 - 6409.2011.00503. x" type="journal article">
Moura
<emphasis id="8BF3EA95FFB2FFC6FD3E506312AFF8DB" box="[704,760,1803,1827]" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="163">et al.</emphasis>
(2012a)
</bibRefCitation>
already suggested that a complex of cryptic species have been identified under the name
<taxonomicName id="7E874D04FFB2FFC6FDCC504712F6F8BE" box="[562,673,1839,1862]" class="Polychaeta" family="Sabellidae" genus="Corallina" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Sabellida" pageId="15" pageNumber="163" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="setacea">
<emphasis id="8BF3EA95FFB2FFC6FDCC504712F6F8BE" box="[562,673,1839,1862]" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="163">P. setacea</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(see also
<bibRefCitation id="DD164B76FFB2FFC6FCEE50461395F8BF" author="Schuchert" box="[784,962,1838,1863]" pageId="15" pageNumber="163" refString="Schuchert, P. (2014) High genetic diversity in the hydroid Plumularia setacea: A multitude of cryptic species or extensive population subdivision? Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution, 76, 1 - 9. http: // dx. doi. org / 10.1016 / j. ympev. 2014.02.020" type="journal article" year="2014">Schuchert 2014</bibRefCitation>
), being necessary the resurrection of some described species presently in its synonymy, as well as description of cryptic taxa, basing on more extensive molecular and morphological analyses.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="B9383687FFB2FFD9FF3950F212EFFD98" blockId="15.[151,1436,1334,2007]" lastBlockId="16.[151,1436,151,933]" lastPageId="16" lastPageNumber="164" pageId="15" pageNumber="163">
<emphasis id="8BF3EA95FFB2FFC6FF3950F21199F84B" bold="true" box="[199,462,1946,1971]" pageId="15" pageNumber="163">Reported distribution</emphasis>
. Eastern Atlantic.—
<collectingCountry id="C1907617FFB2FFC6FD4550F21358F84B" box="[699,783,1946,1971]" name="Iceland" pageId="15" pageNumber="163">Iceland</collectingCountry>
(
<bibRefCitation id="DD164B76FFB2FFC6FCDF50F213FBF84B" author="Broch" box="[801,940,1946,1971]" pageId="15" pageNumber="163" refString="Broch, H. (1918) Hydroida. (Part II). Danish &quot; Ingolf &quot; Expedition, 5, 1 - 206." type="journal article" year="1918">Broch 1918</bibRefCitation>
), Faroes (
<bibRefCitation id="DD164B76FFB2FFC6FBDF50F3149EF84B" author="Naumov" box="[1057,1225,1946,1971]" pageId="15" pageNumber="163" refString="Naumov, D. V. (1969) Hydroids and Hydromedusae of the USSR. Israel Program for scientific translation, Jerusalem, 660 pp." type="book" year="1969">Naumov 1969</bibRefCitation>
),
<collectingCountry id="C1907617FFB2FFC6FB1E50F215CBF84B" box="[1248,1436,1946,1971]" name="United Kingdom" pageId="15" pageNumber="163">Shetland Islands</collectingCountry>
(
<bibRefCitation id="DD164B76FFB2FFC6FF6050D711ECF82F" author="Rees" box="[158,443,1982,2007]" pageId="15" pageNumber="163" refString="Rees, W. J. &amp; Thursfield, S. (1965) The hydroid collection of James Ritchie. Proceedings of the Royal Society of Edinburgh, (B), 69 (1 - 2), 34 - 200. http: // dx. doi. org / 10.1017 / S 0080455 X 00010122" type="journal article" year="1965">Rees &amp; Thursfield 1965</bibRefCitation>
),
<collectingCountry id="C1907617FFB2FFC6FE2D50D7127AF82F" box="[467,557,1983,2007]" name="Norway" pageId="15" pageNumber="163">Norway</collectingCountry>
(
<bibRefCitation id="DD164B76FFB2FFC6FDC150D612A6F82F" author="Bonnevie" box="[575,753,1982,2007]" pageId="15" pageNumber="163" refString="Bonnevie, K. (1899) Hydroida. In: Den Norske Nordhavs-Expedition 1876 - 1878. Zoologi, 26, 1 - 104." type="journal article" year="1899">Bonnevie 1899</bibRefCitation>
;
<bibRefCitation id="DD164B76FFB2FFC6FCFE50D61385F82F" author="Christiansen" box="[768,978,1982,2007]" pageId="15" pageNumber="163" refString="Christiansen, B. O. (1972) The hydroid fauna of the Oslo Fjord in Norway. Norwegian Journal of Zoology, 20, 279 - 310." type="journal article" year="1972">Christiansen 1972</bibRefCitation>
),
<collectingCountry id="C1907617FFB2FFC6FC1750D61416F82F" box="[1001,1089,1982,2007]" name="Sweden" pageId="15" pageNumber="163">Sweden</collectingCountry>
(e.g.
<bibRefCitation id="DD164B76FFB2FFC6FB7650D61514F82F" author="Jaderholm" box="[1160,1347,1982,2007]" pageId="15" pageNumber="163" refString="Jaderholm, E. (1909) Northern and arctic Invertebrates in the collection of the Swedish State Museum (Riksmuseum). IV. Hydroidea. Bihang till Kungliga Svenska Vetenskaps - akademiens Handlingar, 45 (1), 1 - 124." type="journal article" year="1909">Jäderholm 1909</bibRefCitation>
;
<bibRefCitation id="DD164B76FFB2FFD9FAAF50D61084FF48" author="Calder" lastPageId="16" lastPageNumber="164" pageId="15" pageNumber="163" refString="Calder, D. R. (2012) On a collection of hydroids (Cnidaria, Hydrozoa, Hydroidolina) from the west coast of Sweden, with a checklist of species from the region. Zootaxa, 3171, 1 - 77." type="journal article" year="2012">Calder 2012</bibRefCitation>
),
<collectingCountry id="C1907617FFADFFD9FF1757FF1131FF48" box="[233,358,151,176]" name="Germany" pageId="16" pageNumber="164">Heligoland</collectingCountry>
(
<bibRefCitation id="DD164B76FFADFFD9FE8857FF1256FF48" author="Broch" box="[374,513,151,176]" pageId="16" pageNumber="164" refString="Broch, H. (1928) Hydrozoa 1. (Hydroida, Trachylina). In: Grimpe, G. &amp; Wagler, E. (Eds.), Tierwelt der Nordund Ostsee, 3 b, pp. 1 - 100." type="journal article" year="1928">Broch 1928</bibRefCitation>
), North Sea (e.g.
<bibRefCitation id="DD164B76FFADFFD9FD2E57FF130DFF48" author="Broch" box="[720,858,151,176]" pageId="16" pageNumber="164" refString="Broch, H. (1928) Hydrozoa 1. (Hydroida, Trachylina). In: Grimpe, G. &amp; Wagler, E. (Eds.), Tierwelt der Nordund Ostsee, 3 b, pp. 1 - 100." type="journal article" year="1928">Broch 1928</bibRefCitation>
;
<bibRefCitation id="DD164B76FFADFFD9FC9657F01458FF48" author="Vervoort" box="[872,1039,152,176]" pageId="16" pageNumber="164" refString="Vervoort, W. (1942) Northern Hydroida in the collections of the Rijksmuseum van Natuurlijke Historie and the Zoological Museum at Amsterdam, with notes on their distribution. Zoologische Mededeelingen, Leiden, 23, 275 - 312." type="journal article" year="1942">Vervoort 1942</bibRefCitation>
;
<bibRefCitation id="DD164B76FFADFFD9FBE357F01561FF48" author="Rees" box="[1053,1334,151,176]" pageId="16" pageNumber="164" refString="Rees, W. J. &amp; Thursfield, S. (1965) The hydroid collection of James Ritchie. Proceedings of the Royal Society of Edinburgh, (B), 69 (1 - 2), 34 - 200. http: // dx. doi. org / 10.1017 / S 0080455 X 00010122" type="journal article" year="1965">Rees &amp; Thursfield 1965</bibRefCitation>
),
<collectingCountry id="C1907617FFADFFD9FAB357FF15CBFF48" box="[1357,1436,151,176]" name="Ireland" pageId="16" pageNumber="164">Ireland</collectingCountry>
(e.g.
<bibRefCitation id="DD164B76FFADFFD9FF2D57D41193FF2C" author="Guiry" box="[211,452,188,213]" pageId="16" pageNumber="164" refString="Guiry, M. D. &amp; Guiry, G. M. (2011) Species. ie version 1.0 World-wide electronic publication, National University of Ireland, Galway (version of 15 March 2010). Available from: http: // www. species. ie (accessed 13 May 2015)" type="journal article" year="2011">Guiry &amp; Guiry 2011</bibRefCitation>
),
<collectingCountry id="C1907617FFADFFD9FE2457D51255FF2C" box="[474,514,189,212]" name="United Kingdom" pageId="16" pageNumber="164">UK</collectingCountry>
(e.g.
<bibRefCitation id="DD164B76FFADFFD9FDB657D4128AFF2D" author="Hincks" box="[584,733,188,213]" pageId="16" pageNumber="164" refString="Hincks, T. (1868) A history of the British hydroid zoophytes. London. John van Voorst, 1, i - lxviii, 1 - 338." type="journal article" year="1868">Hincks 1868</bibRefCitation>
;
<bibRefCitation id="DD164B76FFADFFD9FD1257D413E4FF2D" author="Cornelius" box="[748,947,188,213]" pageId="16" pageNumber="164" refString="Cornelius, P. F. S. (1995 b) North-west European thecate hydroids and their medusae. Part 2. Sertulariidae to Campanulariidae. Synopses of the British Fauna, New Series, 50, 1 - 386." type="journal article" year="1995" yearSuffix="b">Cornelius, 1995b</bibRefCitation>
),
<collectingCountry id="C1907617FFADFFD9FC3457D41406FF2D" box="[970,1105,188,213]" name="Netherlands" pageId="16" pageNumber="164">Netherlands</collectingCountry>
(e.g.
<bibRefCitation id="DD164B76FFADFFD9FB6957D4157CFF2C" author="Leloup" box="[1175,1323,188,213]" pageId="16" pageNumber="164" refString="Leloup, E. (1933) Contribution a la connaissance des hydropolypes de la cote des Pays-Bas [Contribution to the knowledge of the hydropolyps of the Dutch coast]. Bulletin du Musee royal d'histoire naturelle de Belgique = Mededeelingen van het Korinklijk Natuurhistorisch Museum van Belgie, 9 (45), 1 - 30." type="journal article" year="1933">Leloup 1933</bibRefCitation>
;
<bibRefCitation id="DD164B76FFADFFD9FAC457D510B6FF00" author="Vervoort" pageId="16" pageNumber="164" refString="Vervoort, W. (1946 b) Hydrozoa (C 1) A. Hydropolypen. Fauna van Nederland Leiden, 14, 1 - 336." type="journal article" year="1946" yearSuffix="b">Vervoort 1946b</bibRefCitation>
),
<collectingCountry id="C1907617FFADFFD9FF0757B7110EFF00" box="[249,345,223,248]" name="Belgium" pageId="16" pageNumber="164">Belgium</collectingCountry>
(e.g.
<bibRefCitation id="DD164B76FFADFFD9FE5C578812D5FF00" author="Van" box="[418,642,223,248]" pageId="16" pageNumber="164" refString="Van Beneden, P. J. (1867) Recherches sur la faune littorale de Belgique (polypes). Memoires de l'Academie Royale des Sciences et Belles-Lettres de Belgique, 36, 1 - 207." type="journal article" year="1867">Van Beneden 1867</bibRefCitation>
;
<bibRefCitation id="DD164B76FFADFFD9FD6D57B7137EFF00" author="Leloup" box="[659,809,223,248]" pageId="16" pageNumber="164" refString="Leloup, E. (1947) Les Coelenteres de la faune belge: leur bibliographie et leur distribution [Coelenterates of the Belgian fauna: their bibliography and distribution]. Memoires du Musee royal d'histoire naturelle de Belgique, 107, 1 - 73." type="journal article" year="1947">Leloup 1947</bibRefCitation>
,
<bibRefCitation id="DD164B76FFADFFD9FCC757B71322FF00" author="Leloup" box="[825,885,223,248]" pageId="16" pageNumber="164" refString="Leloup, E. (1952) Coelenteres. Faune de Belgique. Institut royal des Sciences naturelles de Belgique, 1952, 1 - 283." type="journal article" year="1952">1952</bibRefCitation>
), Channel Islands (
<bibRefCitation id="DD164B76FFADFFD9FBA657B714AEFF00" author="Philbert" box="[1112,1273,223,248]" pageId="16" pageNumber="164" refString="Philbert, M. (1935) Les hydraires de la region malouine. Bulletin de l'Institut oceanographique de Monaco, 673, 1 - 36." type="journal article" year="1935">Philbert 1935</bibRefCitation>
),
<collectingCountry id="C1907617FFADFFD9FAEC57881509FF0F" box="[1298,1374,224,247]" name="France" pageId="16" pageNumber="164">France</collectingCountry>
(e.g.
<bibRefCitation id="DD164B76FFADFFD9FF69566C117FFEE4" author="Billard" box="[151,296,260,285]" pageId="16" pageNumber="164" refString="Billard, A. (1902) Les hydroides de la Baie de la Hougue. Bulletin du Museum de Histoire Naturelle de Paris, 8 (7), 531 - 536." type="journal article" year="1902">Billard 1902</bibRefCitation>
,
<bibRefCitation id="DD164B76FFADFFD9FECA566C1127FEE4" author="Billard" box="[308,368,260,284]" pageId="16" pageNumber="164" refString="Billard, A. (1904) Contribution a l'etude des Hydroides (multiplication, regeneration, greffes, variations). Annales des Sciences Naturelles, Zoologie et Biologie, Series 8, 20, 1 - 251." type="journal article" year="1904">1904</bibRefCitation>
), Bay of Biscay (
<bibRefCitation id="DD164B76FFADFFD9FDCB566C1283FEE4" author="Browne" box="[565,724,260,284]" pageId="16" pageNumber="164" refString="Browne, E. T. (1907) The Hydroids collected by the &quot; Huxley &quot; from the north side of the Bay of Biscay in August 1906. Journal of the Marine Biological Association of the United Kingdom, 8 (1), 15 - 36." type="journal article" year="1907">Browne 1907</bibRefCitation>
),
<collectingCountry id="C1907617FFADFFD9FD17566C137EFEE5" box="[745,809,260,285]" name="Spain" pageId="16" pageNumber="164">Spain</collectingCountry>
(e.g.
<bibRefCitation id="DD164B76FFADFFD9FC95566C145FFEE5" author="Arevalo" box="[875,1032,260,285]" pageId="16" pageNumber="164" refString="Arevalo, C. (1906) Contribucion al estudio de los Hidrozoarios espanoles existentes en la Estacion de Biologia maritima de Santander. Memorias de la Real Sociedad Espanola de Historia Natural, 4, 79 - 109." type="journal article" year="1906">Arévalo 1906</bibRefCitation>
;
<bibRefCitation id="DD164B76FFADFFD9FBEB566C14C1FEE5" author="Rioja" box="[1045,1174,260,285]" pageId="16" pageNumber="164" refString="Rioja, M. J. (1906) Datos para el conocimiento de la fauna marina de Espana. Celentereos de la estacion de Biologia de Santander. Boletin de la Real Sociedad Espanola de Historia Natural, 6, 275 - 281." type="journal article" year="1906">Rioja 1906</bibRefCitation>
;
<bibRefCitation id="DD164B76FFADFFD9FB5C566C157DFEE4" author="Ramil" box="[1186,1322,260,285]" pageId="16" pageNumber="164" refString="Ramil, F. (1988) Hidrozoos de Galicia. PhD Thesis, University of Santiago de Compostela, 525 pp." type="book" year="1988">Ramil 1988</bibRefCitation>
;
<bibRefCitation id="DD164B76FFADFFD9FAC9566C11C3FEB8" author="Medel" pageId="16" pageNumber="164" refString="Medel, M. D. &amp; Lopez-Gonzalez, P. J. (1996) Updated catalogue of hydrozoans of the Iberian Peninsula and Balearic Islands, with remarks on zoogeography and affinities. Scientia Marina, 60, 183 - 209." type="journal article" year="1996">Medel &amp; López-González 1996</bibRefCitation>
),
<collectingCountry id="C1907617FFADFFD9FE56564F1250FEB8" box="[424,519,295,320]" name="Portugal" pageId="16" pageNumber="164">Portugal</collectingCountry>
(e.g.
<bibRefCitation id="DD164B76FFADFFD9FDB7564F1285FEB8" author="Nobre" box="[585,722,295,320]" pageId="16" pageNumber="164" refString="Nobre, A. (1931) Contribuicoes para o Estudo dos Celenterados de Portugal. In: Fauna Marinha de Portugal. Instituto de Zoologia da Universidade do Porto, 1, 1 - 82." type="journal article" year="1931">Nobre 1931</bibRefCitation>
;
<bibRefCitation id="DD164B76FFADFFD9FD21564013C3FEB8" author="Da" box="[735,916,295,320]" pageId="16" pageNumber="164" refString="Da Cunha, A. X. (1940) Contribuicao para o estudo dos Hydropolipos das costas de Portugal (Coleccao do Museu Bocage). Arquivos do Museu Bocage, 11, 105 - 120." type="journal article" year="1940">
Da
<collectingCountry id="C1907617FFADFFD9FCF6564F1306FEB8" box="[776,849,295,320]" name="Saint Helena, Ascension and Tristan da Cunha" pageId="16" pageNumber="164">Cunha</collectingCountry>
1940
</bibRefCitation>
,
<bibRefCitation id="DD164B76FFADFFD9FC5E5640138DFEB8" author="Cunha" box="[928,986,296,320]" pageId="16" pageNumber="164" refString="Da Cunha, A. X. (1944) Hidropolipos das costas de Portugal. Memorias e Estudos do Museu Zoologico da Universidade de Coimbra, 161, 1 - 101." type="journal article" year="1944">1944</bibRefCitation>
,
<bibRefCitation id="DD164B76FFADFFD9FC19564F1475FEB8" author="Cunha" box="[999,1058,295,320]" pageId="16" pageNumber="164" refString="Da Cunha, A. X. (1950) Nova contribuicao para o estudo dos Hidropolipos das costas de Portugal (Coleccao do Museu Bocage). Arquivos do Museu Bocage, 21, 121 - 144." type="journal article" year="1950">1950</bibRefCitation>
;
<bibRefCitation id="DD164B76FFADFFD9FBD15640155DFEB8" author="Moura" box="[1071,1290,296,320]" pageId="16" pageNumber="164" refString="Moura, C. J., Cunha, M. R., Porteiro, F. M., Yesson, C. &amp; Rogers, A. D. (2012 a) Evolution of Nemertesia hydroids (Cnidaria: Hydrozoa, Plumulariidae) from the shallow and deep-waters of the NE Atlantic and western Mediterranean. Zoologica Scripta, 41, 79 - 96. http: // dx. doi. org / 10.1111 / j. 1463 - 6409.2011.00503. x" type="journal article" year="2012" yearSuffix="a">
Moura
<emphasis id="8BF3EA95FFADFFD9FB7F564114E5FEB8" box="[1153,1202,296,320]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="164">et al</emphasis>
. 2012a
</bibRefCitation>
), the Gulf of Cadiz (
<bibRefCitation id="DD164B76FFADFFD9FF185624112FFE9D" author="Billard" box="[230,376,332,357]" pageId="16" pageNumber="164" refString="Billard, Α. (1906) Hydroides. In: Expeditions scientifiques du &quot; Travailleur &quot; et du &quot; Talisman &quot; pendant les annees 1880, 1881, 1882, 1883, etc .. Paris, Masson &amp; Cie, 153 - 243." type="journal article" year="1906">Billard 1906</bibRefCitation>
), Strait of
<collectingCountry id="C1907617FFADFFD9FE1256241206FE9D" box="[492,593,332,357]" name="Gibraltar" pageId="16" pageNumber="164">Gibraltar</collectingCountry>
(
<bibRefCitation id="DD164B76FFADFFD9FDA1562412B1FE9C" author="Broch" box="[607,742,332,357]" pageId="16" pageNumber="164" refString="Broch, H. (1913) Hydroida from the &quot; Michael Sars &quot; North Atlantic Deep-Sea Expedition 1910. Report on the scientific results of the &quot; Michael Sars &quot; North Atlantic Deep-Sea Expedition 1910, 3 (1), 1 - 18." type="journal article" year="1913">Broch 1913</bibRefCitation>
;
<bibRefCitation id="DD164B76FFADFFD9FD0F5624145CFE9D" author="Ramil" box="[753,1035,332,357]" pageId="16" pageNumber="164" refString="Ramil, F. &amp; Vervoort, W. (1992 b) Report on the Hydroida collected by the`BALGIM' expedition in and around the Strait of Gibraltar. Zoologische Verhandelingen, 277, 3 - 262." type="journal article" year="1992" yearSuffix="b">Ramil &amp; Vervoort 1992b</bibRefCitation>
;
<bibRefCitation id="DD164B76FFADFFD9FBE856241574FE9D" author="Medel" box="[1046,1315,332,357]" pageId="16" pageNumber="164" refString="Medel, M. D. &amp; Vervoort, W. (1995) Plumularian hydroids (Cnidaria: Hydrozoa) from the Strait of Gibraltar and nearby areas. Zoologische Verhandelingen, Leiden, 300, 3 - 72." type="journal article" year="1995">Medel &amp; Vervoort 1995</bibRefCitation>
), Gorringe (
<bibRefCitation id="DD164B76FFADFFD9FF6056071121FE70" author="Ramil" box="[158,374,367,392]" pageId="16" pageNumber="164" refString="Ramil, F., Vervoort, W. &amp; Ansin, J. (1998 b) Report on the Haleciidae and Plumularioidea (Cnidaria, Hydrozoa) collected by the French SEAMOUNT 1 Expedition. Zoologische Verhandelingen, 322, 1 - 42." type="journal article" year="1998" yearSuffix="b">
Ramil
<emphasis id="8BF3EA95FFADFFD9FF1256191172FE70" box="[236,293,368,392]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="164">et al.</emphasis>
1998b
</bibRefCitation>
;
<bibRefCitation id="DD164B76FFADFFD9FE7C5618120BFE70" author="Moura" box="[386,604,368,392]" pageId="16" pageNumber="164" refString="Moura, C. J., Cunha, M. R., Porteiro, F. M., Yesson, C. &amp; Rogers, A. D. (2012 a) Evolution of Nemertesia hydroids (Cnidaria: Hydrozoa, Plumulariidae) from the shallow and deep-waters of the NE Atlantic and western Mediterranean. Zoologica Scripta, 41, 79 - 96. http: // dx. doi. org / 10.1111 / j. 1463 - 6409.2011.00503. x" type="journal article" year="2012" yearSuffix="a">
Moura
<emphasis id="8BF3EA95FFADFFD9FE2A56191252FE70" box="[468,517,368,392]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="164">et al</emphasis>
. 2012a
</bibRefCitation>
; present study), Ampère Bank (
<bibRefCitation id="DD164B76FFADFFD9FC3C560714CDFE70" author="Ramil" box="[962,1178,367,392]" pageId="16" pageNumber="164" refString="Ramil, F., Vervoort, W. &amp; Ansin, J. (1998 b) Report on the Haleciidae and Plumularioidea (Cnidaria, Hydrozoa) collected by the French SEAMOUNT 1 Expedition. Zoologische Verhandelingen, 322, 1 - 42." type="journal article" year="1998" yearSuffix="b">
Ramil
<emphasis id="8BF3EA95FFADFFD9FBEE5619141EFE70" box="[1040,1097,368,392]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="164">et al.</emphasis>
1998b
</bibRefCitation>
), Azores (e.g.
<bibRefCitation id="DD164B76FFADFFD9FAC15607114BFE54" author="Pictet" pageId="16" pageNumber="164" refString="Pictet, C. &amp; Bedot, M. (1900) Hydraires provenant des campagnes de l' &quot; Hirondelle &quot; (1886 - 1888). Resultats de la Campagne Scientifique du Prince Albert 1 er de Monaco, 18, 1 - 59." type="journal article" year="1900">Pictet &amp; Bedot 1900</bibRefCitation>
;
<bibRefCitation id="DD164B76FFADFFD9FED956FD125FFE55" author="Rees" box="[295,520,404,429]" pageId="16" pageNumber="164" refString="Rees, W. J. &amp; White, E. (1966) New records and fauna list of hydroids from the Azores. Annals and Magazine of Natural History, Series 13, 9, 271 - 284. http: // dx. doi. org / 10.1080 / 00222936608656051" type="journal article" year="1966">Rees &amp; White 1966</bibRefCitation>
;
<bibRefCitation id="DD164B76FFADFFD9FDED56FC1346FE54" author="Ansin" box="[531,785,404,428]" pageId="16" pageNumber="164" refString="Ansin Agis, J., Ramil, F. &amp; Vervoort, W. (2001) Atlantic Leptolida (Hydrozoa, Cnidaria) of the families Aglaopheniidae, Halopterididae, Kirchenpaueriidae and Plumulariidae collected during the CANCAP and Mauritania-II expeditions of the National Museum of Natural History, Leiden, the Netherlands. Zoologische Verhandelingen, Leiden, 333, 1 - 268." type="journal article" year="2001">
Ansín Agís
<emphasis id="8BF3EA95FFADFFD9FD6656FD1287FE54" box="[664,720,404,428]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="164">et al.</emphasis>
2001
</bibRefCitation>
;
<bibRefCitation id="DD164B76FFADFFD9FCE356FD13A1FE54" author="Moura" box="[797,1014,404,428]" pageId="16" pageNumber="164" refString="Moura, C. J., Cunha, M. R., Porteiro, F. M., Yesson, C. &amp; Rogers, A. D. (2012 a) Evolution of Nemertesia hydroids (Cnidaria: Hydrozoa, Plumulariidae) from the shallow and deep-waters of the NE Atlantic and western Mediterranean. Zoologica Scripta, 41, 79 - 96. http: // dx. doi. org / 10.1111 / j. 1463 - 6409.2011.00503. x" type="journal article" year="2012" yearSuffix="a">
Moura
<emphasis id="8BF3EA95FFADFFD9FC9056FD13C8FE54" box="[878,927,404,428]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="164">et al</emphasis>
. 2012a
</bibRefCitation>
), Madeira (
<bibRefCitation id="DD164B76FFADFFD9FB8A56FC1551FE55" author="Billard" box="[1140,1286,404,429]" pageId="16" pageNumber="164" refString="Billard, Α. (1906) Hydroides. In: Expeditions scientifiques du &quot; Travailleur &quot; et du &quot; Talisman &quot; pendant les annees 1880, 1881, 1882, 1883, etc .. Paris, Masson &amp; Cie, 153 - 243." type="journal article" year="1906">Billard 1906</bibRefCitation>
;
<bibRefCitation id="DD164B76FFADFFD9FAEF56FC15C0FE54" author="Patriti" box="[1297,1431,404,429]" pageId="16" pageNumber="164" refString="Patriti, G. (1970) Catalogue des cnidaires et ctenaires des cotes Atlantiques marocaines. Travaux de l'Institut Scientifique Cherifien, Faculte de Sciences, Zoologie, 35, 1 - 149." type="journal article" year="1970">Patriti 1970</bibRefCitation>
;
<bibRefCitation id="DD164B76FFADFFD9FF6956D011CEFE28" author="Ansin" box="[151,409,440,464]" pageId="16" pageNumber="164" refString="Ansin Agis, J., Ramil, F. &amp; Vervoort, W. (2001) Atlantic Leptolida (Hydrozoa, Cnidaria) of the families Aglaopheniidae, Halopterididae, Kirchenpaueriidae and Plumulariidae collected during the CANCAP and Mauritania-II expeditions of the National Museum of Natural History, Leiden, the Netherlands. Zoologische Verhandelingen, Leiden, 333, 1 - 268." type="journal article" year="2001">
Ansín Agís
<emphasis id="8BF3EA95FFADFFD9FEE356D11101FE28" box="[285,342,440,464]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="164">et al.</emphasis>
2001
</bibRefCitation>
;
<bibRefCitation id="DD164B76FFADFFD9FE5B56DF1270FE28" author="Wirtz" box="[421,551,439,464]" pageId="16" pageNumber="164" refString="Wirtz, P. (2007) On a collection of hydroids (Cnidaria, Hydrozoa) from the Madeira archipelago. Arquipelago. Life and Marine Sciences, 24, 11 - 16." type="journal article" year="2007">Wirtz 2007</bibRefCitation>
), Selvagens (
<bibRefCitation id="DD164B76FFADFFD9FD4556D01397FE28" author="Ansin" box="[699,960,440,464]" pageId="16" pageNumber="164" refString="Ansin Agis, J., Ramil, F. &amp; Vervoort, W. (2001) Atlantic Leptolida (Hydrozoa, Cnidaria) of the families Aglaopheniidae, Halopterididae, Kirchenpaueriidae and Plumulariidae collected during the CANCAP and Mauritania-II expeditions of the National Museum of Natural History, Leiden, the Netherlands. Zoologische Verhandelingen, Leiden, 333, 1 - 268." type="journal article" year="2001">
Ansín Agís
<emphasis id="8BF3EA95FFADFFD9FCBA56D1132AFE28" box="[836,893,440,464]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="164">et al.</emphasis>
2001
</bibRefCitation>
), Canary Islands (
<bibRefCitation id="DD164B76FFADFFD9FB7556D015D8FE28" author="Ansin" box="[1163,1423,440,464]" pageId="16" pageNumber="164" refString="Ansin Agis, J., Ramil, F. &amp; Vervoort, W. (2001) Atlantic Leptolida (Hydrozoa, Cnidaria) of the families Aglaopheniidae, Halopterididae, Kirchenpaueriidae and Plumulariidae collected during the CANCAP and Mauritania-II expeditions of the National Museum of Natural History, Leiden, the Netherlands. Zoologische Verhandelingen, Leiden, 333, 1 - 268." type="journal article" year="2001">
Ansín Agís
<emphasis id="8BF3EA95FFADFFD9FAED56D1151BFE28" box="[1299,1356,440,464]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="164">et al.</emphasis>
2001
</bibRefCitation>
);
<collectingCountry id="C1907617FFADFFD9FF6956B510ABFE0C" box="[151,252,477,500]" name="Morocco" pageId="16" pageNumber="164">Morocco</collectingCountry>
(
<bibRefCitation id="DD164B76FFADFFD9FEF456B411CCFE0D" author="Billard" box="[266,411,476,501]" pageId="16" pageNumber="164" refString="Billard, Α. (1906) Hydroides. In: Expeditions scientifiques du &quot; Travailleur &quot; et du &quot; Talisman &quot; pendant les annees 1880, 1881, 1882, 1883, etc .. Paris, Masson &amp; Cie, 153 - 243." type="journal article" year="1906">Billard 1906</bibRefCitation>
;
<bibRefCitation id="DD164B76FFADFFD9FE5856B4127BFE0C" author="Patriti" box="[422,556,476,501]" pageId="16" pageNumber="164" refString="Patriti, G. (1970) Catalogue des cnidaires et ctenaires des cotes Atlantiques marocaines. Travaux de l'Institut Scientifique Cherifien, Faculte de Sciences, Zoologie, 35, 1 - 149." type="journal article" year="1970">Patriti 1970</bibRefCitation>
;
<bibRefCitation id="DD164B76FFADFFD9FDC956B41362FE0C" author="Ansin" box="[567,821,476,500]" pageId="16" pageNumber="164" refString="Ansin Agis, J., Ramil, F. &amp; Vervoort, W. (2001) Atlantic Leptolida (Hydrozoa, Cnidaria) of the families Aglaopheniidae, Halopterididae, Kirchenpaueriidae and Plumulariidae collected during the CANCAP and Mauritania-II expeditions of the National Museum of Natural History, Leiden, the Netherlands. Zoologische Verhandelingen, Leiden, 333, 1 - 268." type="journal article" year="2001">
Ansín Agís
<emphasis id="8BF3EA95FFADFFD9FD4556B512A4FE0C" box="[699,755,476,500]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="164">et al.</emphasis>
2001
</bibRefCitation>
),
<collectingCountry id="C1907617FFADFFD9FCB956B513A2FE0D" box="[839,1013,476,501]" name="Western Sahara" pageId="16" pageNumber="164">Western Sahara</collectingCountry>
(
<bibRefCitation id="DD164B76FFADFFD9FBFD56B414E2FE0D" author="Vervoort" box="[1027,1205,476,501]" pageId="16" pageNumber="164" refString="Vervoort, W. (1946 a) Exotic hydroids in the collections of the Rijksmuseum van Natuurlijke Historie and the Zoological Museum at Amsterdam. Zoologische Mededeelingen, Leiden, 26 (1 - 4), 287 - 351." type="journal article" year="1946" yearSuffix="a">Vervoort 1946a</bibRefCitation>
),
<collectingCountry id="C1907617FFADFFD9FB3656B4151EFE0D" box="[1224,1353,476,501]" name="Cape Verde" pageId="16" pageNumber="164">Cape Verde</collectingCountry>
(
<bibRefCitation id="DD164B76FFADFFD9FAA956B41085FDE0" author="Bedot" pageId="16" pageNumber="164" refString="Bedot, M. (1921) Hydroides provenant des campagnes des yachts Hirondelle et Princesse-Alice (1887 a 1912). I. Plumulariidae. Resultats des campagnes scientifiques accomplies sur son yacht par Albert Ier Prince souverain de Monaco, 60, 1 - 73." type="journal article" year="1921">Bedot 1921</bibRefCitation>
;
<bibRefCitation id="DD164B76FFADFFD9FF21556811B3FDE0" author="Ansin" box="[223,484,512,536]" pageId="16" pageNumber="164" refString="Ansin Agis, J., Ramil, F. &amp; Vervoort, W. (2001) Atlantic Leptolida (Hydrozoa, Cnidaria) of the families Aglaopheniidae, Halopterididae, Kirchenpaueriidae and Plumulariidae collected during the CANCAP and Mauritania-II expeditions of the National Museum of Natural History, Leiden, the Netherlands. Zoologische Verhandelingen, Leiden, 333, 1 - 268." type="journal article" year="2001">
Ansín Agís
<emphasis id="8BF3EA95FFADFFD9FE99556911CEFDE0" box="[359,409,512,536]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="164">et al</emphasis>
. 2001
</bibRefCitation>
),
<collectingCountry id="C1907617FFADFFD9FE0756971223FDE0" box="[505,628,511,536]" name="Mauritania" pageId="16" pageNumber="164">Mauritania</collectingCountry>
(
<bibRefCitation id="DD164B76FFADFFD9FD7A556813DCFDE0" author="Ansin" box="[644,907,512,536]" pageId="16" pageNumber="164" refString="Ansin Agis, J., Ramil, F. &amp; Vervoort, W. (2001) Atlantic Leptolida (Hydrozoa, Cnidaria) of the families Aglaopheniidae, Halopterididae, Kirchenpaueriidae and Plumulariidae collected during the CANCAP and Mauritania-II expeditions of the National Museum of Natural History, Leiden, the Netherlands. Zoologische Verhandelingen, Leiden, 333, 1 - 268." type="journal article" year="2001">
Ansín Agís
<emphasis id="8BF3EA95FFADFFD9FCF355691310FDE0" box="[781,839,512,536]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="164">et al.</emphasis>
2001
</bibRefCitation>
),
<collectingCountry id="C1907617FFADFFD9FC61569713AFFDE0" box="[927,1016,511,536]" name="Senegal" pageId="16" pageNumber="164">Senegal</collectingCountry>
(
<bibRefCitation id="DD164B76FFADFFD9FBF6569714F6FDE0" author="Picard" box="[1032,1185,511,536]" pageId="16" pageNumber="164" refString="Picard, J. (1951 a) Hydraires littoraux du Senegal recoltes par H. Sourie aux environs de Dakar. Bulletin de l'Institut francais d'Afrique noire, 13 (1), 109 - 115." type="journal article" year="1951" yearSuffix="a">Picard 1951a</bibRefCitation>
;
<bibRefCitation id="DD164B76FFADFFD9FB5056971560FDE0" author="Patriti" box="[1198,1335,511,536]" pageId="16" pageNumber="164" refString="Patriti, G. (1970) Catalogue des cnidaires et ctenaires des cotes Atlantiques marocaines. Travaux de l'Institut Scientifique Cherifien, Faculte de Sciences, Zoologie, 35, 1 - 149." type="journal article" year="1970">Patriti 1970</bibRefCitation>
),
<collectingCountry id="C1907617FFADFFD9FAB5569710B5FDC5" name="Guinea-Bissau" pageId="16" pageNumber="164">Guinea Bissau</collectingCountry>
(
<bibRefCitation id="DD164B76FFADFFD9FF0F554C11F4FDC4" author="Gili" box="[241,419,548,573]" pageId="16" pageNumber="164" refString="Gili, J. M., Vervoort, W. &amp; Pages, F. (1989) Hydroids from the West African coast: Guinea Bissau, Namibia and South Africa. Scientia marina, 53 (1), 67 - 112." type="journal article" year="1989">
Gili
<emphasis id="8BF3EA95FFADFFD9FED8554D1108FDC4" box="[294,351,548,572]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="164">et al.</emphasis>
1989
</bibRefCitation>
),
<collectingCountry id="C1907617FFADFFD9FE49554C1257FDC5" box="[439,512,548,573]" name="Ghana" pageId="16" pageNumber="164">Ghana</collectingCountry>
(
<bibRefCitation id="DD164B76FFADFFD9FDEE554C1292FDC5" author="Buchanan" box="[528,709,548,573]" pageId="16" pageNumber="164" refString="Buchanan, J. B. (1957) The hydroid fauna of the Gold coast. Revue de Zoologie et Botanique Africaines, 56 (3 - 4), 349 - 372." type="journal article" year="1957">Buchanan 1957</bibRefCitation>
),
<collectingCountry id="C1907617FFADFFD9FD24554C137BFDC5" box="[730,812,548,573]" name="Angola" pageId="16" pageNumber="164">Angola</collectingCountry>
(
<bibRefCitation id="DD164B76FFADFFD9FCC2554C1391FDC4" author="Broch" box="[828,966,548,573]" pageId="16" pageNumber="164" refString="Broch, H. (1914) Hydrozoa benthonica. In: Michaelsen, W. (Ed.), Beitrage zur Kenntnis der Meeresfauna Westafrikas. Friedrichsen, Hamburg, pp. 19 - 50." type="book chapter" year="1914">Broch 1914</bibRefCitation>
),
<collectingCountry id="C1907617FFADFFD9FC24554C146CFDC5" box="[986,1083,548,573]" name="Namibia" pageId="16" pageNumber="164">Namibia</collectingCountry>
(
<bibRefCitation id="DD164B76FFADFFD9FBB4554C1484FDC4" author="Broch" box="[1098,1235,548,573]" pageId="16" pageNumber="164" refString="Broch, H. (1914) Hydrozoa benthonica. In: Michaelsen, W. (Ed.), Beitrage zur Kenntnis der Meeresfauna Westafrikas. Friedrichsen, Hamburg, pp. 19 - 50." type="book chapter" year="1914">Broch 1914</bibRefCitation>
;
<bibRefCitation id="DD164B76FFADFFD9FB1E554C15D8FDC4" author="Gili" box="[1248,1423,548,573]" pageId="16" pageNumber="164" refString="Gili, J. M., Vervoort, W. &amp; Pages, F. (1989) Hydroids from the West African coast: Guinea Bissau, Namibia and South Africa. Scientia marina, 53 (1), 67 - 112." type="journal article" year="1989">
Gili
<emphasis id="8BF3EA95FFADFFD9FAED554D1513FDC4" box="[1299,1348,548,572]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="164">et al</emphasis>
. 1989
</bibRefCitation>
),
<collectingCountry id="C1907617FFADFFD9FF69552F1170FD98" box="[151,295,583,608]" name="South Africa" pageId="16" pageNumber="164">South Africa</collectingCountry>
(e.g.
<bibRefCitation id="DD164B76FFADFFD9FE98552F125EFD98" author="Stechow" box="[358,521,583,608]" pageId="16" pageNumber="164" refString="Stechow, E. (1925) Hydroiden der Deutschen Tiefsee-Expedition. Wissenschaftliche Ergebnisse der Deutschen Tiefsee Expedition auf dem Dampfer &quot; Valdivia &quot; 1898 - 1899, 17, 383 - 546." type="journal article" year="1925">Stechow 1925</bibRefCitation>
;
<bibRefCitation id="DD164B76FFADFFD9FDEA552F12FCFD98" author="Millard" box="[532,683,583,608]" pageId="16" pageNumber="164" refString="Millard, N. A. H. (1975) Monograph on the Hydroida of southern Africa. Annals of the South African Museum, 68, 1 - 513." type="journal article" year="1975">Millard 1975</bibRefCitation>
).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="B9383687FFADFFD9FF3955041378FCC0" blockId="16.[151,1436,151,933]" pageId="16" pageNumber="164">
Mediterranean.—Strait of
<collectingCountry id="C1907617FFADFFD9FE0F55041201FD7D" box="[497,598,620,645]" name="Gibraltar" pageId="16" pageNumber="164">Gibraltar</collectingCountry>
(
<bibRefCitation id="DD164B76FFADFFD9FD9B550413D2FD7D" author="Ramil" box="[613,901,620,645]" pageId="16" pageNumber="164" refString="Ramil, F. &amp; Vervoort, W. (1992 b) Report on the Hydroida collected by the`BALGIM' expedition in and around the Strait of Gibraltar. Zoologische Verhandelingen, 277, 3 - 262." type="journal article" year="1992" yearSuffix="b">Ramil &amp; Vervoort 1992b</bibRefCitation>
;
<bibRefCitation id="DD164B76FFADFFD9FC6C550414F3FD7D" author="Medel" box="[914,1188,620,645]" pageId="16" pageNumber="164" refString="Medel, M. D. &amp; Vervoort, W. (1995) Plumularian hydroids (Cnidaria: Hydrozoa) from the Strait of Gibraltar and nearby areas. Zoologische Verhandelingen, Leiden, 300, 3 - 72." type="journal article" year="1995">Medel &amp; Vervoort 1995</bibRefCitation>
),
<collectingCountry id="C1907617FFADFFD9FB44550414ADFD7D" box="[1210,1274,620,645]" name="Spain" pageId="16" pageNumber="164">Spain</collectingCountry>
(e.g.
<bibRefCitation id="DD164B76FFADFFD9FAC555051085FD50" author="De" pageId="16" pageNumber="164" refString="De Haro, A. (1965) Contribucion al estudio de los hidrozoos espanoles. Hidroideos del litoral de. Blanes (Gerona). Publicaciones del Instituto de Biologia aplicada, 38, 105 - 122." type="journal article" year="1965">
<collectingCountry id="C1907617FFADFFD9FAC55505150BFD7C" box="[1339,1372,621,644]" name="South Georgia and the South Sandwich Islands" pageId="16" pageNumber="164">De</collectingCountry>
Haro 1965
</bibRefCitation>
;
<bibRefCitation id="DD164B76FFADFFD9FF1F55F81276FD50" author="Garcia" box="[225,545,655,680]" pageId="16" pageNumber="164" refString="Garcia Corrales, P., Aguirre Inchaurbe, A. &amp; Gonzalez Mora, D. (1978) Contribucion al conocimiento de los hidrozoos de las costas espanolas. Parte I: Halecidos, campanularidos y plumularidos. Boletin - Instituto Espanol de Oceanografia, 4 (253), 5 - 73." type="journal article" year="1978">
García Corrales
<emphasis id="8BF3EA95FFADFFD9FE5E55F9118BFD50" box="[416,476,656,680]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="164">et al.</emphasis>
1978
</bibRefCitation>
;
<bibRefCitation id="DD164B76FFADFFD9FDCF55F81310FD50" author="Garcia" box="[561,839,656,680]" pageId="16" pageNumber="164" refString="Garcia Carrascosa, A. M. (1981) Hidrozoos tecados (Hydrozoa Calyptoblastea) del litoral mediterraneo espanol: faunistica, ecologia, bionomia bentonica y biogeografia. PhD Thesis, University of Valencia, Valencia, 464 pp." type="book" year="1981">García Carrascosa 1981</bibRefCitation>
;
<bibRefCitation id="DD164B76FFADFFD9FCA855E714C1FD50" author="Gili" box="[854,1174,655,680]" pageId="16" pageNumber="164" refString="Gili, J. - M. &amp; Garcia Rubies, A. (1985) Contribution a la connaissance de la faune d'hydropolipes de l'ile de Majorque. Anales de Biologia (Murcia), 3, 37 - 53." type="journal article" year="1985">Gili &amp; García Rubies 1985</bibRefCitation>
;
<bibRefCitation id="DD164B76FFADFFD9FB5B55F81572FD50" author="Roca" box="[1189,1317,655,680]" pageId="16" pageNumber="164" refString="Roca Martinez, I. (1986) Estudio de los Cnidarios Bentonicos de las aguas costeras de Mallorca. PhD Thesis, Universitat de les illes Balears, Palma de Mallorca, 510 pp." type="book" year="1986">Roca 1986</bibRefCitation>
;
<bibRefCitation id="DD164B76FFADFFD9FACA55E711C3FD35" author="Medel" pageId="16" pageNumber="164" refString="Medel, M. D. &amp; Lopez-Gonzalez, P. J. (1996) Updated catalogue of hydrozoans of the Iberian Peninsula and Balearic Islands, with remarks on zoogeography and affinities. Scientia Marina, 60, 183 - 209." type="journal article" year="1996">Medel &amp; López-González 1996</bibRefCitation>
), Alborán Sea (
<bibRefCitation id="DD164B76FFADFFD9FDBD55DC1335FD35" author="Ramil" box="[579,866,692,717]" pageId="16" pageNumber="164" refString="Ramil, F. &amp; Vervoort, W. (1992 b) Report on the Hydroida collected by the`BALGIM' expedition in and around the Strait of Gibraltar. Zoologische Verhandelingen, 277, 3 - 262." type="journal article" year="1992" yearSuffix="b">Ramil &amp; Vervoort 1992b</bibRefCitation>
; Peña Cantero &amp; García Carrascosa 2002),
<collectingCountry id="C1907617FFADFFD9FAAE55DD15CBFD34" box="[1360,1436,693,716]" name="France" pageId="16" pageNumber="164">France</collectingCountry>
(e.g.
<bibRefCitation id="DD164B76FFADFFD9FF2C55BF1121FD08" author="Stechow" box="[210,374,727,752]" pageId="16" pageNumber="164" refString="Stechow, E. (1919) Zur Kenntnis der Hydroidenfauna des Mittelmeeres, Amerikas und anderer Gebiete, nebst Angaben uber einige Kirchenpauer'sche Typen von Plumulariden. Zoologische Jahrbucher, Abteilung fur Systematik, Geographie und Biologie der Tiere, 42, 1 - 172." type="journal article" year="1919">Stechow 1919</bibRefCitation>
;
<bibRefCitation id="DD164B76FFADFFD9FE7D55BF1272FD08" author="Leloup" box="[387,549,727,752]" pageId="16" pageNumber="164" refString="Leloup, E. (1934 b) Contribution a la connaissance de la faune des chitons de Villefranche-sur-Mer et des environs (France, Mediterranee). Bulletin du Musee royal d'histoire naturelle de Belgique = Mededeelingen van het Korinklijk Natuurhistorisch Museum van Belgie, 10 (47), 1 - 20." type="journal article" year="1934" yearSuffix="b">Leloup 1934b</bibRefCitation>
;
<bibRefCitation id="DD164B76FFADFFD9FDCC55BF129CFD08" author="Picard" box="[562,715,727,752]" pageId="16" pageNumber="164" refString="Picard, J. (1951 b) Les hydraires des formations coralligenes des cotes francaises de la Mediterranee. Vie et Milieu, 2 (2), 255 - 261." type="journal article" year="1951" yearSuffix="b">Picard 1951b</bibRefCitation>
,
<bibRefCitation id="DD164B76FFADFFD9FD2755BF1342FD08" author="Picard" box="[729,789,727,752]" pageId="16" pageNumber="164" refString="Picard, J. (1952) Note sur les hydraires littoraux de Banyuls-sur-Mer. Vie et Milieu, 2 (3), 338 - 349." type="journal article" year="1952">1952</bibRefCitation>
),
<collectingCountry id="C1907617FFADFFD9FCD455BF1329FD08" box="[810,894,727,752]" name="Algeria" pageId="16" pageNumber="164">Algeria</collectingCountry>
(
<bibRefCitation id="DD164B76FFADFFD9FC7055BF144BFD08" author="Picard" box="[910,1052,727,752]" pageId="16" pageNumber="164" refString="Picard, J. (1955) Hydraires des environs de Castiglione (Algerie). Bulletin des travaux publies par la Station d'aquiculture et de peche de Castiglione. Nouvelle serie, 7, 177 - 199." type="journal article" year="1955">Picard 1955</bibRefCitation>
),
<collectingCountry id="C1907617FFADFFD9FBCC55BF1432FD08" box="[1074,1125,727,752]" name="Italy" pageId="16" pageNumber="164">Italy</collectingCountry>
(e.g.
<bibRefCitation id="DD164B76FFADFFD9FB5755BF157CFD08" author="Rossi" box="[1193,1323,727,752]" pageId="16" pageNumber="164" refString="Rossi, L. (1961) Idroidi viventi sulle scogliere del promontorio di Portofino (Golfo di Genova). Annali del Museo Civico di Storia Naturale Giacomo Doria, Genova, 72, 68 - 85." type="journal article" year="1961">Rossi 1961</bibRefCitation>
;
<bibRefCitation id="DD164B76FFADFFD9FAC755B01144FCED" author="Boero" pageId="16" pageNumber="164" refString="Boero, F. &amp; Fresi, E. (1986) Zonation and evolution of a rocky bottom hydroid community. Marine Ecology, 7 (2), 123 - 150. http: // dx. doi. org / 10.1111 / j. 1439 - 0485.1986. tb 00152. x" type="journal article" year="1986">Boero &amp; Fresi 1986</bibRefCitation>
; Puce
<emphasis id="8BF3EA95FFADFFD9FEA1559511CEFCEC" box="[351,409,764,788]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="164">et al.</emphasis>
2009), Adriatic (e.g.
<bibRefCitation id="DD164B76FFADFFD9FD6C5594134DFCEC" author="Broch" box="[658,794,764,789]" pageId="16" pageNumber="164" refString="Broch, H. (1912) Hydroiduntersuchungen. III. Vergleichende Studien an Adriatischen Hydroiden. Det Kongelige Norske Videnskabers Selskabs Skrifter, 1, 1 - 65." type="journal article" year="1912">Broch 1912</bibRefCitation>
,
<bibRefCitation id="DD164B76FFADFFD9FCD955941335FCEC" author="Broch" box="[807,866,764,788]" pageId="16" pageNumber="164" refString="Broch, H. (1933) Zur Kenntnis der Adriatischen Hydroidenfauna von Split. Arten und Variationen. Skrifter Utgitt av det Norske Videnskaps-Akademi I Oslo I, Matematisk-Naturvidenskapelig Kl., 4, 1 - 115." type="journal article" year="1933">1933</bibRefCitation>
;
<bibRefCitation id="DD164B76FFADFFD9FC91559413A6FCEC" author="Riedl" box="[879,1009,764,789]" pageId="16" pageNumber="164" refString="Riedl, R. (1970) Fauna und Flora der Adria. Verlag Paul Parey, Hamburg &amp; Berlin, 2, 1 - 640." type="journal article" year="1970">Riedl 1970</bibRefCitation>
),
<collectingCountry id="C1907617FFADFFD9FBF855941402FCEC" box="[1030,1109,764,788]" name="Greece" pageId="16" pageNumber="164">Greece</collectingCountry>
(
<bibRefCitation id="DD164B76FFADFFD9FB9B55941552FCED" author="Yamada" box="[1125,1285,764,789]" pageId="16" pageNumber="164" refString="Yamada, M. (1965) Marine hydroids from Greece. Publications of the Seto Marine Biological Laborator y, 12, 359 - 362." type="journal article" year="1965">Yamada 1965</bibRefCitation>
), the Aegean Sea (Morri &amp; Bianchi 1999),
<collectingCountry id="C1907617FFADFFD9FE1C54771265FCC0" box="[482,562,799,824]" name="Turkey" pageId="16" pageNumber="164">Turkey</collectingCountry>
(
<bibRefCitation id="DD164B76FFADFFD9FDBE54771375FCC0" author="Marinopoulos" box="[576,802,799,824]" pageId="16" pageNumber="164" refString="Marinopoulos, J. (1979) Biological survey of the eastern Mediterranean Sea: Hydroids (preliminary study). Rapport. Commission International pour l'exploration scientifique de la Mer Mediterranee, 25 - 25 (4), 119 - 120." type="journal article" year="1979">Marinopoulos 1979</bibRefCitation>
).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="B9383687FFADFFD9FF39542C1190FC5D" blockId="16.[151,1436,151,933]" pageId="16" pageNumber="164">
Elsewhere.—Assumed to be circumglobal but possibly absent in polar regions (e.g.
<bibRefCitation id="DD164B76FFADFFD9FB76542C15C7FCA4" author="Ansin" box="[1160,1424,836,860]" pageId="16" pageNumber="164" refString="Ansin Agis, J., Ramil, F. &amp; Vervoort, W. (2001) Atlantic Leptolida (Hydrozoa, Cnidaria) of the families Aglaopheniidae, Halopterididae, Kirchenpaueriidae and Plumulariidae collected during the CANCAP and Mauritania-II expeditions of the National Museum of Natural History, Leiden, the Netherlands. Zoologische Verhandelingen, Leiden, 333, 1 - 268." type="journal article" year="2001">
Ansín Agís
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. 2001
</bibRefCitation>
), although many taxonomic identifications seem erroneous due to cryptic diversity (
<bibRefCitation id="DD164B76FFADFFD9FBBE54001548FC78" author="Moura" box="[1088,1311,872,896]" pageId="16" pageNumber="164" refString="Moura, C. J., Cunha, M. R., Porteiro, F. M., Yesson, C. &amp; Rogers, A. D. (2012 a) Evolution of Nemertesia hydroids (Cnidaria: Hydrozoa, Plumulariidae) from the shallow and deep-waters of the NE Atlantic and western Mediterranean. Zoologica Scripta, 41, 79 - 96. http: // dx. doi. org / 10.1111 / j. 1463 - 6409.2011.00503. x" type="journal article" year="2012" yearSuffix="a">
Moura
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2012a
</bibRefCitation>
;
<bibRefCitation id="DD164B76FFADFFD9FAD2540F1084FC5C" author="Schuchert" pageId="16" pageNumber="164" refString="Schuchert, P. (2014) High genetic diversity in the hydroid Plumularia setacea: A multitude of cryptic species or extensive population subdivision? Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution, 76, 1 - 9. http: // dx. doi. org / 10.1016 / j. ympev. 2014.02.020" type="journal article" year="2014">Schuchert 2014</bibRefCitation>
; see Remarks above).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>