703 lines
119 KiB
XML
703 lines
119 KiB
XML
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<mods:title id="9F2E12BAFC390042B37EFEE8D6462542">Eusocial wasp fauna of Sulawesi Island, the central island of Wallacea (Hymenoptera: Vespidae; Polistinae, Vespinae)</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="FF2EFC0FB4C9A048C3E3AB787AB9F839">Handru, Alan</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="0F4CD869B6F8FD5D93F5460D1B779051">Natural History Laboratory, Faculty of Science, Ibaraki University, Mito, 310 - 8512, Japan.</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:namePart id="08B9EACA94081786DB911A741A782B9C">Nugroho, Hari</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="A737D837C0AB7336AE26562E2CC71BDC">Museum Zoologicum Bogoriense, Research Center for Biology, Indonesian Institute of Sciences, Jl. Raya Jakarta-Bogor Km 46, Cibinong, Bogor, Indonesia. & hntawon @ gmail. com; https: // orcid. org / 0000 - 0002 - 7985 - 2825</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:namePart id="850FA84349883DE4E71C457ECFB1E28F">Saito-Morooka, Fuki</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="2C58F148B743B673F8048D00BE7F1152">Natural History Laboratory, Faculty of Science, Ibaraki University, Mito, 310 - 8512, Japan. & fuki. morooka. 3110 @ vc. ibaraki. ac. jp; https: // orcid. org / 0000 - 0003 - 4266 - 7981</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:namePart id="48D10179CDB4A3978980F765D96E125C">Ubaidillah, Rosichon</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="DF4B8FBD5391B4971336CD4447F9F2BE">Museum Zoologicum Bogoriense, Research Center for Biology, Indonesian Institute of Sciences, Jl. Raya Jakarta-Bogor Km 46, Cibinong, Bogor, Indonesia. & ubaidillah 003 @ yahoo. com</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:namePart id="BCDA13475093CEC1EFAFCF21C444771E">Kojima, Jun-Ichi</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="617DD7B95265F85B6A35D285BD8F889C">Natural History Laboratory, Faculty of Science, Ibaraki University, Mito, 310 - 8512, Japan. & junichi. kojima. nat 8 hist @ vc. ibaraki. ac. jp; https: // orcid. org / 0000 - 0002 - 8224 - 0715</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:title id="CCFE850C76EA0A34792032348E2E9628">Zootaxa</mods:title>
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<subSection id="D0082F6CFF88FFA0FF20FAB8279A7DFF" lastPageId="3" lastPageNumber="544" pageId="1" pageNumber="542" type="key">
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<treatment id="312E8791FF88FFA0FF20FAB8279A7DFF" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4334016" ID-GBIF-Taxon="170714005" ID-Zenodo-Dep="4334016" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:312E8791FF88FFA0FF20FAB8279A7DFF" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/312E8791FF88FFA0FF20FAB8279A7DFF" lastPageId="3" lastPageNumber="543" pageId="1" pageNumber="542">
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<emphasis id="8BF3EA95FF88FFA2FF20FAB821B8786E" bold="true" box="[151,958,1374,1401]" pageId="1" pageNumber="542">
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Key to species of the eusocial
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<taxonomicName id="7E874D04FF88FFA2FDB0FAB82054786E" ID-CoL="HTJ" ID-ENA="7438" authority="Latreille, 1802" box="[519,594,1375,1401]" class="Insecta" family="Vespidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="1" pageNumber="542" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="family">wasps</taxonomicName>
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occurring in
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<collectingRegion id="7B43F865FF88FFA2FD4CFAB9216E786F" box="[763,872,1374,1400]" country="Indonesia" name="Sulawesi Utara" pageId="1" pageNumber="542">Sulawesi</collectingRegion>
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Island
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</emphasis>
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</heading>
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</paragraph>
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<subSubSection id="F19D650CFF88FFA2FF20FA4021677B62" pageId="1" pageNumber="542" type="discussion">
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<paragraph id="B9383687FF88FFA2FF20FA4021677B62" blockId="1.[151,1437,1447,1653]" pageId="1" pageNumber="542">
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The present key is applicable to both females (“queens” and “workers”) and males unless the sexes are specified. Because of uncertainty of species identity and/or uncertainty of their establishment in
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<collectingRegion id="7B43F865FF88FFA2FBE5FA2C26B178F2" box="[1106,1207,1483,1509]" country="Indonesia" name="Sulawesi Utara" pageId="1" pageNumber="542">Sulawesi</collectingRegion>
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Island as mentioned in “Taxonomic accounts and notes on distribution”,
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<taxonomicName id="7E874D04FF88FFA2FD55FA08268A7B1E" authority="van der Vecht, 1941" authorityName="van der Vecht" authorityYear="1941" box="[738,1164,1519,1545]" class="Insecta" family="Vespidae" genus="Ropalidia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="1" pageNumber="542" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="crassa">
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<emphasis id="8BF3EA95FF88FFA2FD55FA0821A77B1F" box="[738,929,1519,1545]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="542">Ropalidia crassa</emphasis>
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van der
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<bibRefCitation id="DD164B76FF88FFA2FBB4FA08268A7B1E" author="Vecht, J. van der" box="[1027,1164,1519,1545]" pageId="1" pageNumber="542" pagination="103 - 190" refId="ref21846" refString="Vecht, J. van der (1941) The Indo-Australian species of the genus Ropalidia (= Icaria) (Hymenoptera, Vespidae) (first part). Treubia, 18, 103 - 190." type="journal article" year="1941">Vecht, 1941</bibRefCitation>
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</taxonomicName>
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||
,
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<taxonomicName id="7E874D04FF88FFA2FB2FFA08230B7B3A" authority="(du Buysson, 1908)" baseAuthorityName="du Buysson" baseAuthorityYear="1908" class="Insecta" family="Vespidae" genus="Ropalidia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="1" pageNumber="542" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="jacobsoni">
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||
<emphasis id="8BF3EA95FF88FFA2FB2FFA0826AF7B1F" box="[1176,1193,1519,1544]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="542">R</emphasis>
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||
.
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<emphasis id="8BF3EA95FF88FFA2FB0FFA0827237B1E" box="[1208,1317,1519,1545]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="542">jacobsoni</emphasis>
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||
(du
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||
<bibRefCitation id="DD164B76FF88FFA2FAEEFA0823027B3A" author="Buysson, R. du" pageId="1" pageNumber="542" pagination="123 - 126" refId="ref18988" refString="Buysson, R. du. (1908) Deux Hymenopteres nouveaux Java. Notes from the Leyden Museum, 30, 123 - 126." type="journal article" year="1908">Buysson, 1908</bibRefCitation>
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)
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||
</taxonomicName>
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||
and
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<taxonomicName id="7E874D04FF88FFA2FEF5F9F420697B3A" authority="(Smith, 1852)" baseAuthorityName="Smith" baseAuthorityYear="1852" box="[322,623,1554,1581]" class="Insecta" family="Vespidae" genus="Ropalidia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="1" pageNumber="542" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="variegata">
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<emphasis id="8BF3EA95FF88FFA2FEF5F9F423557B3B" box="[322,339,1555,1580]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="542">R</emphasis>
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||
.
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<emphasis id="8BF3EA95FF88FFA2FED7F9F423CD7B3B" box="[352,459,1555,1580]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="542">variegata</emphasis>
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||
(
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||
<bibRefCitation id="DD164B76FF88FFA2FE6EF9F420617B3A" author="Smith, F." box="[473,615,1554,1581]" pageId="1" pageNumber="542" pagination="33 - 45" refId="ref21546" refString="Smith, F. (1852) Descriptions of some new and apparently undescribed species of hymenopterous insects from North China, collected by Robert Fortune, Esq. Transactions of the Entomological Society of London, 2, 33 - 45. https: // doi. org / 10.1111 / j. 1365 - 2311.1852. tb 02208. x" type="journal article" year="1852">Smith, 1852</bibRefCitation>
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)
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</taxonomicName>
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, are not included in this key. In addition to the figures given in this paper, the figures that can be referred to are available in van der
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<bibRefCitation id="DD164B76FF88FFA2FC83F9D021C67B46" author="Vecht, J. van der" box="[820,960,1591,1617]" pageId="1" pageNumber="542" pagination="103 - 190" refId="ref21846" refString="Vecht, J. van der (1941) The Indo-Australian species of the genus Ropalidia (= Icaria) (Hymenoptera, Vespidae) (first part). Treubia, 18, 103 - 190." type="journal article" year="1941">Vecht (1941</bibRefCitation>
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||
, 1962, and 1966),
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||
<bibRefCitation id="DD164B76FF88FFA2FB20F9D0273C7B46" author="Archer, M. E." box="[1175,1338,1591,1617]" pageId="1" pageNumber="542" refId="ref18735" refString="Archer, M. E. (1989) A Key to the World Species of the Vespinae (Hymenoptera). Research Monograph of the College of Ripon & York St. John. No. 2. Academic Board, Research Committee, College of Rippon and York St. John, 94 pp." type="book" year="1989">Archer (1989)</bibRefCitation>
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,
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||
<bibRefCitation id="DD164B76FF88FFA2FAFFF9D022E27B62" author="Kojima, J." pageId="1" pageNumber="542" pagination="51 - 68" refId="ref19795" refString="Kojima, J. (1999) Male genitalia and antennae in an Old-World paper wasp genus Ropalidia Guerin-Meneville, 1831 (Insecta: Hymenoptera; Vespidae, Polistinae). Natural History Bulletin of Ibaraki University, 3, 51 - 68." type="journal article" year="1999">Kojima (1999)</bibRefCitation>
|
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,
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<bibRefCitation id="DD164B76FF88FFA2FF47F9BC23D37B62" author="Kojima, J. & Hartini, S. & Kahono, S. & Fujiyama, N. & Katakura, H." box="[240,469,1627,1653]" pageId="1" pageNumber="542" pagination="1 - 28" refId="ref20029" refString="Kojima, J., Hartini, S., Kahono, S., Fujiyama, N. & Katakura, H. (2002) Male, mature larva, and nests of Ropalidia plebeja, a nearly solitary paper wasp endemic to Sulawesi (Insecta: Hymenoptera: Vespidae), with taxonomic notes on the R. plebeja group. Species Diversity, 7, 1 - 28. https: // doi. org / 10.12782 / specdiv. 7.1" type="journal article" year="2002">
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Kojima
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<emphasis id="8BF3EA95FF88FFA2FEFCF9BC237A7B62" box="[331,380,1627,1653]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="542">et al</emphasis>
|
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. (2002)
|
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</bibRefCitation>
|
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and
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="DD164B76FF88FFA2FDBCF9BC215B7B62" author="Carpenter, J. M. & Nguyen, T. P. L." box="[523,861,1627,1653]" pageId="1" pageNumber="542" pagination="183 - 192" refId="ref19218" refString="Carpenter, J. M. & Nguyen, T. P. L. (2003) Keys to the genera of social wasps of South-East Asia. Entomological Science, 6, 183 - 192. https: // doi. org / 10.1046 / j. 1343 - 8786.2003.00016. x" type="journal article" year="2003">Carpenter and Nguyen (2003)</bibRefCitation>
|
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.
|
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</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="F19D650CFF88FFA0FF20F947279A7DFF" lastPageId="3" lastPageNumber="544" pageId="1" pageNumber="542" type="key">
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<key id="CD1661B6FF88FFA0FF20F947279A7DFF" lastPageId="3" lastPageNumber="544" pageId="1" pageNumber="542">
|
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|
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<keyStep id="02732E22FF88FFA2FF20F947279A7BE7" pageId="1" pageNumber="542">
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<keyLead id="027695B2FF88FFA2FF20F947279A7BE7" pageId="1" pageNumber="542">
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1. Hind coxa with dorsal longitudinal carina on posterior face (
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<figureCitation id="21BC2A02FF88FFA2FC92F947216C7BA2" box="[805,874,1696,1718]" captionStart="FIGURES 7–16" captionStartId="9.[151,264,1907,1931]" captionTargetBox="[153,1436,816,1881]" captionTargetId="figure-297@9.[151,1436,813,1884]" captionTargetPageId="9" captionText="FIGURES 7–16. ♀ of Polistes species. 7–8. P. tenebricosus. 9–10. P. sagittarius. 11–12, 15. P. celebensis. 13–14, 16. P. stigma. 7, 9, 12, 14. Head, frontal view, an arrow in 7 and 9 indicates anterior tentorial pit. 8. First two metasomal segments, lateral view, an arrow indicates basal angle of S1. 10, 11, 13. Habitus, lateral view, 15–16. Hind tarsal claws. Scale line 1 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4304805" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4304805/files/figure.png" pageId="1" pageNumber="542">
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Fig.
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in
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<bibRefCitation id="DD164B76FF88FFA2FC3FF94726A77BA1" author="Carpenter, J. M. & Nguyen, T. P. L." box="[904,1185,1696,1718]" pageId="1" pageNumber="542" pagination="183 - 192" refId="ref19218" refString="Carpenter, J. M. & Nguyen, T. P. L. (2003) Keys to the genera of social wasps of South-East Asia. Entomological Science, 6, 183 - 192. https: // doi. org / 10.1046 / j. 1343 - 8786.2003.00016. x" type="journal article" year="2003">Carpenter and Nguyen, 2003</bibRefCitation>
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). Hind wing without jugal lobe. Metasoma sessile; T1 with anterior abrupt declivity (
|
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<figureCitation id="21BC2A02FF88FFA2FCA5F95A21817BC5" box="[786,903,1725,1747]" captionStart="FIGURES 1–6" captionStartId="5.[151,264,1163,1187]" captionTargetBox="[154,1432,273,1139]" captionTargetId="figure-57@5.[154,1432,273,1139]" captionTargetPageId="5" captionText="FIGURES 1–6. ♀ of Vespa species. 1. V. tropica. 2–3. V. velutina. 4. V. affinis. 5–6. V. fervida. 1–5. Metasoma (1, 3–5. Lateral view, 2. Dorsal view). 6. Head, frontal view, arrows indicate apical teeth." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4304803" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4304803/files/figure.png" pageId="1" pageNumber="542">Figs. 1, 3–4</figureCitation>
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;
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<figureCitation id="21BC2A02FF88FFA2FC26F95A26057BC4" box="[913,1027,1725,1747]" captionStart="FIGURES 7–16" captionStartId="9.[151,264,1907,1931]" captionTargetBox="[153,1436,816,1881]" captionTargetId="figure-297@9.[151,1436,813,1884]" captionTargetPageId="9" captionText="FIGURES 7–16. ♀ of Polistes species. 7–8. P. tenebricosus. 9–10. P. sagittarius. 11–12, 15. P. celebensis. 13–14, 16. P. stigma. 7, 9, 12, 14. Head, frontal view, an arrow in 7 and 9 indicates anterior tentorial pit. 8. First two metasomal segments, lateral view, an arrow indicates basal angle of S1. 10, 11, 13. Habitus, lateral view, 15–16. Hind tarsal claws. Scale line 1 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4304805" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4304805/files/figure.png" pageId="1" pageNumber="542">
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Figs.
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||
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</figureCitation>
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in
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<bibRefCitation id="DD164B76FF88FFA2FB96F95A273E7BC4" author="Carpenter, J. M. & Nguyen, T. P. L." box="[1057,1336,1725,1747]" pageId="1" pageNumber="542" pagination="183 - 192" refId="ref19218" refString="Carpenter, J. M. & Nguyen, T. P. L. (2003) Keys to the genera of social wasps of South-East Asia. Entomological Science, 6, 183 - 192. https: // doi. org / 10.1046 / j. 1343 - 8786.2003.00016. x" type="journal article" year="2003">Carpenter and Nguyen, 2003</bibRefCitation>
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)....................................................................................... 2,
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<taxonomicName id="7E874D04FF88FFA2FB73F93D271B7BE7" authorityName="Latreille" authorityYear="1802" box="[1220,1309,1754,1776]" class="Insecta" family="Vespidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="1" pageNumber="542" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subFamily" subFamily="Vespinae">Vespinae</taxonomicName>
|
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, genus
|
||
<taxonomicName id="7E874D04FF88FFA2FAD3F93C279A7BE7" ID-CoL="86JM" authorityName="Linnaeus" authorityYear="1758" box="[1380,1436,1755,1776]" class="Insecta" family="Vespidae" genus="Vespa" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="1" pageNumber="542" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
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||
<emphasis id="8BF3EA95FF88FFA2FAD3F93C279A7BE7" box="[1380,1436,1755,1776]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="542">Vespa</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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</keyLead>
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</keyStep>
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="B9383687FF88FFA2FF20F91F279B7A5F" blockId="1.[151,1437,1696,2040]" pageId="1" pageNumber="542">
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<keyLead id="027695B2FF88FFA2FF20F91F279B7A5F" pageId="1" pageNumber="542">
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<keyStep id="02732E22FF88FFA2FF20F91F279B7A5F" pageId="1" pageNumber="542">
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- Hind coxa without carina (Figs.
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||
<quantity id="7E7F9B62FF88FFA2FD93F91F207D7A19" box="[548,635,1784,1806]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="9.779" metricValueMax="9.906" metricValueMin="9.652" pageId="1" pageNumber="542" unit="in" value="38.5" valueMax="39.0" valueMin="38.0">38–39 in</quantity>
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<bibRefCitation id="DD164B76FF88FFA2FD34F91F21A57A19" author="Carpenter, J. M. & Nguyen, T. P. L." box="[643,931,1784,1806]" pageId="1" pageNumber="542" pagination="183 - 192" refId="ref19218" refString="Carpenter, J. M. & Nguyen, T. P. L. (2003) Keys to the genera of social wasps of South-East Asia. Entomological Science, 6, 183 - 192. https: // doi. org / 10.1046 / j. 1343 - 8786.2003.00016. x" type="journal article" year="2003">Carpenter and Nguyen, 2003</bibRefCitation>
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). Hind wing with jugal lobe. Metasoma variable in shape, subsessile or petiolate (
|
||
<figureCitation id="21BC2A02FF88FFA2FDB3F8F220967A3D" box="[516,656,1813,1835]" captionStart="FIGURES 7–16" captionStartId="9.[151,264,1907,1931]" captionTargetBox="[153,1436,816,1881]" captionTargetId="figure-297@9.[151,1436,813,1884]" captionTargetPageId="9" captionText="FIGURES 7–16. ♀ of Polistes species. 7–8. P. tenebricosus. 9–10. P. sagittarius. 11–12, 15. P. celebensis. 13–14, 16. P. stigma. 7, 9, 12, 14. Head, frontal view, an arrow in 7 and 9 indicates anterior tentorial pit. 8. First two metasomal segments, lateral view, an arrow indicates basal angle of S1. 10, 11, 13. Habitus, lateral view, 15–16. Hind tarsal claws. Scale line 1 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4304805" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4304805/files/figure.png" pageId="1" pageNumber="542">Figs. 8, 11, 13</figureCitation>
|
||
, 17, 19–20, 22–25;
|
||
<figureCitation id="21BC2A02FF88FFA2FCF9F8F221C67A3C" box="[846,960,1813,1835]" captionStart-0="FIGURES 7–16" captionStart-1="FIGURES 17–25" captionStartId-0="9.[151,264,1907,1931]" captionStartId-1="13.[151,264,1468,1492]" captionTargetBox-0="[153,1436,816,1881]" captionTargetBox-1="[151,1436,525,1444]" captionTargetId-0="figure-297@9.[151,1436,813,1884]" captionTargetId-1="figure-200@13.[151,1436,525,1444]" captionTargetPageId-0="9" captionTargetPageId-1="13" captionText-0="FIGURES 7–16. ♀ of Polistes species. 7–8. P. tenebricosus. 9–10. P. sagittarius. 11–12, 15. P. celebensis. 13–14, 16. P. stigma. 7, 9, 12, 14. Head, frontal view, an arrow in 7 and 9 indicates anterior tentorial pit. 8. First two metasomal segments, lateral view, an arrow indicates basal angle of S1. 10, 11, 13. Habitus, lateral view, 15–16. Hind tarsal claws. Scale line 1 mm." captionText-1="FIGURES 17–25. ♀ of Ropalidiini species. 17–18. Parapolybia varia. 19. Ropalidia mathematica. 20–21. R. marginata. 22. R. pilosa. 23. R. impetuosa. 24. R. plebeja. 25. R. celebensis. 17, 19–20, 22–24. Habitus, lateral view. 18. Head, frontal view. 21. Posterior part of mesosoma and T1, dorsal view, an arrow indicates paired basal carina of propodeum. 25. Head, mesosoma and T1, lateral view." figureDoi-0="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4304805" figureDoi-1="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4296948" httpUri-0="https://zenodo.org/record/4304805/files/figure.png" httpUri-1="https://zenodo.org/record/4296948/files/figure.png" pageId="1" pageNumber="542">
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||
Figs.
|
||
<quantity id="7E7F9B62FF88FFA2FC33F8F221C67A3C" box="[900,960,1813,1835]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.318" metricValueMax="4.572" metricValueMin="4.064" pageId="1" pageNumber="542" unit="in" value="17.0" valueMax="18.0" valueMin="16.0">16–18</quantity>
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</figureCitation>
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in
|
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<bibRefCitation id="DD164B76FF88FFA2FC69F8F226F37A3C" author="Carpenter, J. M. & Nguyen, T. P. L." box="[990,1269,1813,1835]" pageId="1" pageNumber="542" pagination="183 - 192" refId="ref19218" refString="Carpenter, J. M. & Nguyen, T. P. L. (2003) Keys to the genera of social wasps of South-East Asia. Entomological Science, 6, 183 - 192. https: // doi. org / 10.1046 / j. 1343 - 8786.2003.00016. x" type="journal article" year="2003">Carpenter and Nguyen, 2003</bibRefCitation>
|
||
)...................................................................................................... 5,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="7E874D04FF88FFA2FA89F8D5279B7A5F" authorityName="Lepeletier de Saint Fargeau" authorityYear="1836" box="[1342,1437,1842,1864]" class="Insecta" family="Vespidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="1" pageNumber="542" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subFamily" subFamily="Polistinae">Polistinae</taxonomicName>
|
||
</keyStep>
|
||
</keyLead>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="B9383687FF88FFA2FF20F8B7279A7AB7" blockId="1.[151,1437,1696,2040]" pageId="1" pageNumber="542">
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<keyStep id="02732E22FF88FFA2FF20F8B7279A7AB7" pageId="1" pageNumber="542">
|
||
<keyLead id="027695B2FF88FFA2FF20F8B7279A7AB7" pageId="1" pageNumber="542">
|
||
2. Female clypeus with bluntly triangular tooth on each side of ventromedian excision (
|
||
<figureCitation id="21BC2A02FF88FFA2FBA5F8B726617A72" box="[1042,1127,1872,1894]" captionStart="FIGURES 26–29" captionStartId="14.[151,264,1732,1756]" captionTargetBox="[153,1436,237,1709]" captionTargetId="figure-37@14.[151,1436,237,1709]" captionTargetPageId="14" captionText="FIGURES 26–29. Maps showing distribution records of Sulawesian eusocial wasps. 26. Vespa (four species). 27. Polistes (four species). 28. Ropalidiine species non-endemic to Sulawesi I. (five species). 29. Ropalidia species endemic to Sulawesi I. (three species)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4296950" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4296950/files/figure.png" pageId="1" pageNumber="542">Fig. 27A</figureCitation>
|
||
in
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="DD164B76FF88FFA2FB33F8B727007A71" author="Archer, M. E." box="[1156,1286,1872,1894]" pageId="1" pageNumber="542" refId="ref18735" refString="Archer, M. E. (1989) A Key to the World Species of the Vespinae (Hymenoptera). Research Monograph of the College of Ripon & York St. John. No. 2. Academic Board, Research Committee, College of Rippon and York St. John, 94 pp." type="book" year="1989">Archer, 1989</bibRefCitation>
|
||
). Body covered with stiff hairs. T1 almost entirely colored orange (T1 and 2 each with apical yellowish orange band) (
|
||
<figureCitation id="21BC2A02FF88FFA2FB0FF88A26F67A94" box="[1208,1264,1901,1923]" captionStart="FIGURES 1–6" captionStartId="5.[151,264,1163,1187]" captionTargetBox="[154,1432,273,1139]" captionTargetId="figure-57@5.[154,1432,273,1139]" captionTargetPageId="5" captionText="FIGURES 1–6. ♀ of Vespa species. 1. V. tropica. 2–3. V. velutina. 4. V. affinis. 5–6. V. fervida. 1–5. Metasoma (1, 3–5. Lateral view, 2. Dorsal view). 6. Head, frontal view, arrows indicate apical teeth." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4304803" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4304803/files/figure.png" pageId="1" pageNumber="542">Fig. 1</figureCitation>
|
||
)........................................................................................
|
||
<taxonomicName id="7E874D04FF88FFA2FBC7F86C279A7AB7" ID-CoL="7G3C3" authority="(Linnaeus, 1758)" baseAuthorityName="Linnaeus" baseAuthorityYear="1758" box="[1136,1436,1930,1952]" class="Insecta" family="Vespidae" genus="Vespa" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="1" pageNumber="542" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="tropica">
|
||
<emphasis id="8BF3EA95FF88FFA2FBC7F86C26F47AB7" box="[1136,1266,1931,1952]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="542">Vespa tropica</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="DD164B76FF88FFA2FB48F86D27937AB7" author="Linnaeus, C." box="[1279,1429,1930,1952]" pageId="1" pageNumber="542" refId="ref20432" refString="Linnaeus, C. (1758) Systema Naturae. Vol. 1. 10 th Edition. Laurentii Salvii Holmiae, Stockholm, 571 pp." type="book" year="1758">Linnaeus, 1758</bibRefCitation>
|
||
)
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
</keyLead>
|
||
</keyStep>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="B9383687FF88FFA2FF20F84F279A7ACD" blockId="1.[151,1437,1696,2040]" pageId="1" pageNumber="542">
|
||
<keyLead id="027695B2FF88FFA2FF20F84F279A7ACD" pageId="1" pageNumber="542">
|
||
<keyStep id="02732E22FF88FFA2FF20F84F279A7ACD" pageId="1" pageNumber="542">
|
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- Female clypeus with short, broadly rounded lobe on each side of ventromedian excision (
|
||
<figureCitation id="21BC2A02FF88FFA2FBF4F84F26787AA9" box="[1091,1150,1960,1982]" captionStart="FIGURES 1–6" captionStartId="5.[151,264,1163,1187]" captionTargetBox="[154,1432,273,1139]" captionTargetId="figure-57@5.[154,1432,273,1139]" captionTargetPageId="5" captionText="FIGURES 1–6. ♀ of Vespa species. 1. V. tropica. 2–3. V. velutina. 4. V. affinis. 5–6. V. fervida. 1–5. Metasoma (1, 3–5. Lateral view, 2. Dorsal view). 6. Head, frontal view, arrows indicate apical teeth." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4304803" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4304803/files/figure.png" pageId="1" pageNumber="542">Fig. 6</figureCitation>
|
||
). T1 mostly black (
|
||
<figureCitation id="21BC2A02FF88FFA2FA8CF84F22E87ACC" captionStart="FIGURES 1–6" captionStartId="5.[151,264,1163,1187]" captionTargetBox="[154,1432,273,1139]" captionTargetId="figure-57@5.[154,1432,273,1139]" captionTargetPageId="5" captionText="FIGURES 1–6. ♀ of Vespa species. 1. V. tropica. 2–3. V. velutina. 4. V. affinis. 5–6. V. fervida. 1–5. Metasoma (1, 3–5. Lateral view, 2. Dorsal view). 6. Head, frontal view, arrows indicate apical teeth." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4304803" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4304803/files/figure.png" pageId="1" pageNumber="542">Figs. 2–3, 5</figureCitation>
|
||
) or with dorsal face nearly entirely orange yellow (
|
||
<figureCitation id="21BC2A02FF88FFA2FD6BF82221107ACC" box="[732,790,1989,2011]" captionStart="FIGURES 1–6" captionStartId="5.[151,264,1163,1187]" captionTargetBox="[154,1432,273,1139]" captionTargetId="figure-57@5.[154,1432,273,1139]" captionTargetPageId="5" captionText="FIGURES 1–6. ♀ of Vespa species. 1. V. tropica. 2–3. V. velutina. 4. V. affinis. 5–6. V. fervida. 1–5. Metasoma (1, 3–5. Lateral view, 2. Dorsal view). 6. Head, frontal view, arrows indicate apical teeth." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4304803" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4304803/files/figure.png" pageId="1" pageNumber="542">Fig. 4</figureCitation>
|
||
)................................................... 3
|
||
</keyStep>
|
||
</keyLead>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<keyStep id="02732E22FF88FFA1FF20F805279A7C12" lastPageId="2" lastPageNumber="543" pageId="1" pageNumber="542">
|
||
<paragraph id="B9383687FF88FFA1FF20F805279A7DDC" blockId="1.[151,1437,1696,2040]" lastBlockId="2.[151,1437,151,2021]" lastPageId="2" lastPageNumber="543" pageId="1" pageNumber="542">
|
||
<keyLead id="027695B2FF88FFA1FF20F805279A7DDC" lastPageId="2" lastPageNumber="543" pageId="1" pageNumber="542">
|
||
3. Pronotal carina widely interrupted by pronotal fovea (
|
||
<figureCitation id="21BC2A02FF88FFA2FD59F80521427AE0" box="[750,836,2018,2040]" captionStart="FIGURES 26–29" captionStartId="14.[151,264,1732,1756]" captionTargetBox="[153,1436,237,1709]" captionTargetId="figure-37@14.[151,1436,237,1709]" captionTargetPageId="14" captionText="FIGURES 26–29. Maps showing distribution records of Sulawesian eusocial wasps. 26. Vespa (four species). 27. Polistes (four species). 28. Ropalidiine species non-endemic to Sulawesi I. (five species). 29. Ropalidia species endemic to Sulawesi I. (three species)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4296950" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4296950/files/figure.png" pageId="1" pageNumber="542">Fig. 29B</figureCitation>
|
||
in
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="DD164B76FF88FFA2FCD3F80521E17AEF" author="Archer, M. E." box="[868,999,2018,2040]" pageId="1" pageNumber="542" refId="ref18735" refString="Archer, M. E. (1989) A Key to the World Species of the Vespinae (Hymenoptera). Research Monograph of the College of Ripon & York St. John. No. 2. Academic Board, Research Committee, College of Rippon and York St. John, 94 pp." type="book" year="1989">Archer, 1989</bibRefCitation>
|
||
). Pretegular carina extending ventrally to the level of middle of pronotal tubercle (
|
||
<figureCitation id="21BC2A02FF8BFFA1FDF3FF70209E7DBA" box="[580,664,151,173]" captionStart="FIGURES 26–29" captionStartId="14.[151,264,1732,1756]" captionTargetBox="[153,1436,237,1709]" captionTargetId="figure-37@14.[151,1436,237,1709]" captionTargetPageId="14" captionText="FIGURES 26–29. Maps showing distribution records of Sulawesian eusocial wasps. 26. Vespa (four species). 27. Polistes (four species). 28. Ropalidiine species non-endemic to Sulawesi I. (five species). 29. Ropalidia species endemic to Sulawesi I. (three species)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4296950" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4296950/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="543">Fig. 29B</figureCitation>
|
||
in
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="DD164B76FF8BFFA1FD01FF7021317DB9" author="Archer, M. E." box="[694,823,151,174]" pageId="2" pageNumber="543" refId="ref18735" refString="Archer, M. E. (1989) A Key to the World Species of the Vespinae (Hymenoptera). Research Monograph of the College of Ripon & York St. John. No. 2. Academic Board, Research Committee, College of Rippon and York St. John, 94 pp." type="book" year="1989">Archer, 1989</bibRefCitation>
|
||
). T4 with broad apical yellowish-brown band (
|
||
<figureCitation id="21BC2A02FF8BFFA1FB4EFF7027527DB9" box="[1273,1364,151,174]" captionStart="FIGURES 1–6" captionStartId="5.[151,264,1163,1187]" captionTargetBox="[154,1432,273,1139]" captionTargetId="figure-57@5.[154,1432,273,1139]" captionTargetPageId="5" captionText="FIGURES 1–6. ♀ of Vespa species. 1. V. tropica. 2–3. V. velutina. 4. V. affinis. 5–6. V. fervida. 1–5. Metasoma (1, 3–5. Lateral view, 2. Dorsal view). 6. Head, frontal view, arrows indicate apical teeth." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4304803" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4304803/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="543">Figs. 2–3</figureCitation>
|
||
)..............................................................................
|
||
<taxonomicName id="7E874D04FF8BFFA1FBD8FF52279A7DDC" ID-CoL="7G3C6" authority="Lepeletier, 1836" authorityName="Lepeletier" authorityYear="1836" box="[1135,1436,181,203]" class="Insecta" family="Vespidae" genus="Vespa" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="543" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="velutina">
|
||
<emphasis id="8BF3EA95FF8BFFA1FBD8FF5226FC7DDD" box="[1135,1274,181,202]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="543">Vespa velutina</emphasis>
|
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<bibRefCitation id="DD164B76FF8BFFA1FAB7FF52279A7DDC" author="Lepeletier, A. L. M." box="[1280,1436,181,203]" pageId="2" pageNumber="543" refId="ref20400" refString="Lepeletier, A. L. M. (1836) Histoire Naturelle des Insectes. Hymenopteres. Vol. 1. Roret's Suites a Buffon, Paris, 547 pp." type="book" year="1836">Lepeletier, 1836</bibRefCitation>
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</taxonomicName>
|
||
</keyLead>
|
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</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="B9383687FF8BFFA1FF20FF34279A7C12" blockId="2.[151,1437,151,2021]" pageId="2" pageNumber="543">
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<keyLead id="027695B2FF8BFFA1FF20FF34279A7C12" pageId="2" pageNumber="543">
|
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- Pronotal carina only narrowly interrupted by pronotal fovea (
|
||
<figureCitation id="21BC2A02FF8BFFA1FC86FF3521807DF0" box="[817,902,210,232]" captionStart="FIGURES 26–29" captionStartId="14.[151,264,1732,1756]" captionTargetBox="[153,1436,237,1709]" captionTargetId="figure-37@14.[151,1436,237,1709]" captionTargetPageId="14" captionText="FIGURES 26–29. Maps showing distribution records of Sulawesian eusocial wasps. 26. Vespa (four species). 27. Polistes (four species). 28. Ropalidiine species non-endemic to Sulawesi I. (five species). 29. Ropalidia species endemic to Sulawesi I. (three species)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4296950" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4296950/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="543">Fig. 29A</figureCitation>
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in
|
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<bibRefCitation id="DD164B76FF8BFFA1FC12FF3526217DFF" author="Archer, M. E." box="[933,1063,210,232]" pageId="2" pageNumber="543" refId="ref18735" refString="Archer, M. E. (1989) A Key to the World Species of the Vespinae (Hymenoptera). Research Monograph of the College of Ripon & York St. John. No. 2. Academic Board, Research Committee, College of Rippon and York St. John, 94 pp." type="book" year="1989">Archer, 1989</bibRefCitation>
|
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). Pretegular carina extending ventrally beyond the level of ventral margin of pronotal tubercle (
|
||
<figureCitation id="21BC2A02FF8BFFA1FD4AFF0821547C12" box="[765,850,239,261]" captionStart="FIGURES 26–29" captionStartId="14.[151,264,1732,1756]" captionTargetBox="[153,1436,237,1709]" captionTargetId="figure-37@14.[151,1436,237,1709]" captionTargetPageId="14" captionText="FIGURES 26–29. Maps showing distribution records of Sulawesian eusocial wasps. 26. Vespa (four species). 27. Polistes (four species). 28. Ropalidiine species non-endemic to Sulawesi I. (five species). 29. Ropalidia species endemic to Sulawesi I. (three species)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4296950" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4296950/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="543">Fig. 29A</figureCitation>
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in
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="DD164B76FF8BFFA1FCD8FF0821E87C11" author="Archer, M. E." box="[879,1006,239,262]" pageId="2" pageNumber="543" refId="ref18735" refString="Archer, M. E. (1989) A Key to the World Species of the Vespinae (Hymenoptera). Research Monograph of the College of Ripon & York St. John. No. 2. Academic Board, Research Committee, College of Rippon and York St. John, 94 pp." type="book" year="1989">Archer, 1989</bibRefCitation>
|
||
)................................. 4
|
||
</keyLead>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</keyStep>
|
||
<keyStep id="02732E22FF8BFFA1FF20FEEA279A7C8F" pageId="2" pageNumber="543">
|
||
<paragraph id="B9383687FF8BFFA1FF20FEEA279A7C4A" blockId="2.[151,1437,151,2021]" pageId="2" pageNumber="543">
|
||
<keyLead id="027695B2FF8BFFA1FF20FEEA279A7C4A" pageId="2" pageNumber="543">
|
||
4. T1 relatively long, more than 2/3 as long as T2 length in dorsal view. Head and mesosoma black, sometimes with ferruginous or dull red markings, never with yellow markings. T1 with dorsal face largely orange yellow and T2 entirely orange yellow (
|
||
<figureCitation id="21BC2A02FF8BFFA1FAC2FECD22E97C49" captionStart="FIGURES 1–6" captionStartId="5.[151,264,1163,1187]" captionTargetBox="[154,1432,273,1139]" captionTargetId="figure-57@5.[154,1432,273,1139]" captionTargetPageId="5" captionText="FIGURES 1–6. ♀ of Vespa species. 1. V. tropica. 2–3. V. velutina. 4. V. affinis. 5–6. V. fervida. 1–5. Metasoma (1, 3–5. Lateral view, 2. Dorsal view). 6. Head, frontal view, arrows indicate apical teeth." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4304803" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4304803/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="543">Fig. 4</figureCitation>
|
||
).........................................................................
|
||
<taxonomicName id="7E874D04FF8BFFA1FBCFFEAF279A7C4A" ID-CoL="5B9QF" authority="(Linnaeus, 1764)" baseAuthorityName="Linnaeus" baseAuthorityYear="1764" box="[1144,1436,327,349]" class="Insecta" family="Vespidae" genus="Vespa" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="543" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="affinis">
|
||
<emphasis id="8BF3EA95FF8BFFA1FBCFFEAF26F47C4A" box="[1144,1266,328,349]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="543">Vespa affinis</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="DD164B76FF8BFFA1FB48FEA027937C4A" author="Linnaeus, C." box="[1279,1429,327,349]" pageId="2" pageNumber="543" refId="ref20459" refString="Linnaeus, C. (1764) Museum Siae Riae Mitis Ludovicae Ulricae reginae in quo animalia rariora, exotica imprimis insecta et conchilia describuntur et determinantur prodromi instar editum. Salvius, Holmiae, 720 pp. https: // doi. org / 10.5962 / bhl. title. 119811" type="book" year="1764">Linnaeus, 1764</bibRefCitation>
|
||
)
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
</keyLead>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="B9383687FF8BFFA1FF20FE82279A7C8F" blockId="2.[151,1437,151,2021]" pageId="2" pageNumber="543">
|
||
<keyLead id="027695B2FF8BFFA1FF20FE82279A7C8F" pageId="2" pageNumber="543">
|
||
- T1 short, transverse, about half as long as T2 length in dorsal view. Body black, with following parts cream-yellow: apical margin of clypeus, metanotum, apical band of T1 (
|
||
<figureCitation id="21BC2A02FF8BFFA1FD7FFE6521257C8F" box="[712,803,386,408]" captionStart="FIGURES 1–6" captionStartId="5.[151,264,1163,1187]" captionTargetBox="[154,1432,273,1139]" captionTargetId="figure-57@5.[154,1432,273,1139]" captionTargetPageId="5" captionText="FIGURES 1–6. ♀ of Vespa species. 1. V. tropica. 2–3. V. velutina. 4. V. affinis. 5–6. V. fervida. 1–5. Metasoma (1, 3–5. Lateral view, 2. Dorsal view). 6. Head, frontal view, arrows indicate apical teeth." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4304803" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4304803/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="543">Figs. 5–6</figureCitation>
|
||
).............................
|
||
<taxonomicName id="7E874D04FF8BFFA1FB28FE64279A7C8F" ID-CoL="7G3CC" authority="Smith, 1859" authorityName="Smith" authorityYear="1859" box="[1183,1436,386,408]" class="Insecta" family="Vespidae" genus="Vespa" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="543" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="fervida">
|
||
<emphasis id="8BF3EA95FF8BFFA1FB28FE6427277C80" box="[1183,1313,386,408]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="543">Vespa fervida</emphasis>
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="DD164B76FF8BFFA1FA90FE65279A7C8F" author="Smith, F." box="[1319,1436,386,408]" pageId="2" pageNumber="543" pagination="4 - 27" refId="ref21608" refString="Smith, F. (1859) Catalogue of Hymenopterous insects collected at Celebes by Mr. A. R. Wallace. Journal of the Proceedings of the Linnean Society of London, Zoology, 3, 4 - 27. https: // doi. org / 10.1111 / j. 1096 - 3642.1858. tb 02506. x" type="journal article" year="1859">Smith, 1859</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
</keyLead>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</keyStep>
|
||
<keyStep id="02732E22FF8BFFA1FF20FE78279A7CE7" pageId="2" pageNumber="543">
|
||
<paragraph id="B9383687FF8BFFA1FF20FE78279A7CC5" blockId="2.[151,1437,151,2021]" pageId="2" pageNumber="543">
|
||
<keyLead id="027695B2FF8BFFA1FF20FE78279A7CC5" pageId="2" pageNumber="543">
|
||
5. First metasomal segment subsessile, not petiolate (
|
||
<figureCitation id="21BC2A02FF8BFFA1FD7FFE78217E7CA1" box="[712,888,415,438]" captionStart="FIGURES 7–16" captionStartId="9.[151,264,1907,1931]" captionTargetBox="[153,1436,816,1881]" captionTargetId="figure-297@9.[151,1436,813,1884]" captionTargetPageId="9" captionText="FIGURES 7–16. ♀ of Polistes species. 7–8. P. tenebricosus. 9–10. P. sagittarius. 11–12, 15. P. celebensis. 13–14, 16. P. stigma. 7, 9, 12, 14. Head, frontal view, an arrow in 7 and 9 indicates anterior tentorial pit. 8. First two metasomal segments, lateral view, an arrow indicates basal angle of S1. 10, 11, 13. Habitus, lateral view, 15–16. Hind tarsal claws. Scale line 1 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4304805" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4304805/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="543">Figs. 8, 10–11, 13</figureCitation>
|
||
); S1 bluntly angled basally (
|
||
<figureCitation id="21BC2A02FF8BFFA1FB3CFE7826C27CA1" box="[1163,1220,415,438]" captionStart="FIGURES 7–16" captionStartId="9.[151,264,1907,1931]" captionTargetBox="[153,1436,816,1881]" captionTargetId="figure-297@9.[151,1436,813,1884]" captionTargetPageId="9" captionText="FIGURES 7–16. ♀ of Polistes species. 7–8. P. tenebricosus. 9–10. P. sagittarius. 11–12, 15. P. celebensis. 13–14, 16. P. stigma. 7, 9, 12, 14. Head, frontal view, an arrow in 7 and 9 indicates anterior tentorial pit. 8. First two metasomal segments, lateral view, an arrow indicates basal angle of S1. 10, 11, 13. Habitus, lateral view, 15–16. Hind tarsal claws. Scale line 1 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4304805" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4304805/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="543">Fig. 8</figureCitation>
|
||
).............................................................................................. 6,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="7E874D04FF8BFFA1FB01FE5A270F7CC4" authorityName="Lepeletier de Saint Fargeau" authorityYear="1836" box="[1206,1289,445,467]" class="Insecta" family="Vespidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="543" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="tribe" tribe="Polistini">Polistini</taxonomicName>
|
||
, genus
|
||
<taxonomicName id="7E874D04FF8BFFA1FAE7FE5A279A7CC5" ID-CoL="63NNT" authorityName="Latreille" authorityYear="1836" box="[1360,1436,445,466]" class="Insecta" family="Eumenidae" genus="Polistes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="543" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="8BF3EA95FF8BFFA1FAE7FE5A279A7CC5" box="[1360,1436,445,466]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="543">Polistes</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
</keyLead>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="B9383687FF8BFFA1FF20FE3C279A7CE7" blockId="2.[151,1437,151,2021]" box="[151,1436,474,496]" pageId="2" pageNumber="543">
|
||
<keyLead id="027695B2FF8BFFA1FF20FE3C279A7CE7" box="[151,1436,474,496]" pageId="2" pageNumber="543">
|
||
- First metasomal segment in most cases petiolate (
|
||
<figureCitation id="21BC2A02FF8BFFA1FD09FE3D21A67CE7" box="[702,928,474,496]" captionStart="FIGURES 17–25" captionStartId="13.[151,264,1468,1492]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,525,1444]" captionTargetId="figure-200@13.[151,1436,525,1444]" captionTargetPageId="13" captionText="FIGURES 17–25. ♀ of Ropalidiini species. 17–18. Parapolybia varia. 19. Ropalidia mathematica. 20–21. R. marginata. 22. R. pilosa. 23. R. impetuosa. 24. R. plebeja. 25. R. celebensis. 17, 19–20, 22–24. Habitus, lateral view. 18. Head, frontal view. 21. Posterior part of mesosoma and T1, dorsal view, an arrow indicates paired basal carina of propodeum. 25. Head, mesosoma and T1, lateral view." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4296948" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4296948/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="543">Figs. 17, 19–20, 22–23</figureCitation>
|
||
); S1 flat throughout.............. 9,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="7E874D04FF8BFFA1FA87FE3D279A7CE7" authorityName="Bequaert" authorityYear="1918" box="[1328,1436,474,496]" class="Insecta" family="Vespidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="543" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="tribe" tribe="Ropalidiini">Ropalidiini</taxonomicName>
|
||
</keyLead>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</keyStep>
|
||
<keyStep id="02732E22FF8BFFA1FF20FE10279A7F88" pageId="2" pageNumber="543">
|
||
<paragraph id="B9383687FF8BFFA1FF20FE10279A7F5F" blockId="2.[151,1437,151,2021]" pageId="2" pageNumber="543">
|
||
<keyLead id="027695B2FF8BFFA1FF20FE10279A7F5F" pageId="2" pageNumber="543">
|
||
6. Clypeus not produced dorsally beyond the level of anterior tentorial pits (
|
||
<figureCitation id="21BC2A02FF8BFFA1FC12FE1021E67F1A" box="[933,992,503,525]" captionStart="FIGURES 7–16" captionStartId="9.[151,264,1907,1931]" captionTargetBox="[153,1436,816,1881]" captionTargetId="figure-297@9.[151,1436,813,1884]" captionTargetPageId="9" captionText="FIGURES 7–16. ♀ of Polistes species. 7–8. P. tenebricosus. 9–10. P. sagittarius. 11–12, 15. P. celebensis. 13–14, 16. P. stigma. 7, 9, 12, 14. Head, frontal view, an arrow in 7 and 9 indicates anterior tentorial pit. 8. First two metasomal segments, lateral view, an arrow indicates basal angle of S1. 10, 11, 13. Habitus, lateral view, 15–16. Hind tarsal claws. Scale line 1 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4304805" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4304805/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="543">Fig. 7</figureCitation>
|
||
). Pronotal fovea present. Mesepisternum with dorsal groove, without epicnemial groove. Body brown to dark brown; T1 and S1 brown or blackish brown (
|
||
<figureCitation id="21BC2A02FF8BFFA1FB42FDF227567F3C" box="[1269,1360,533,555]" captionStart="FIGURES 7–16" captionStartId="9.[151,264,1907,1931]" captionTargetBox="[153,1436,816,1881]" captionTargetId="figure-297@9.[151,1436,813,1884]" captionTargetPageId="9" captionText="FIGURES 7–16. ♀ of Polistes species. 7–8. P. tenebricosus. 9–10. P. sagittarius. 11–12, 15. P. celebensis. 13–14, 16. P. stigma. 7, 9, 12, 14. Head, frontal view, an arrow in 7 and 9 indicates anterior tentorial pit. 8. First two metasomal segments, lateral view, an arrow indicates basal angle of S1. 10, 11, 13. Habitus, lateral view, 15–16. Hind tarsal claws. Scale line 1 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4304805" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4304805/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="543">Figs. 7–8</figureCitation>
|
||
)...............................................................
|
||
<taxonomicName id="7E874D04FF8BFFA1FC18FDD5279A7F5F" ID-CoL="4KYJK" authority="Lepeletier, 1836" authorityName="Lepeletier" authorityYear="1836" box="[943,1436,562,584]" class="Insecta" family="Eumenidae" genus="Polistes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="543" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="tenebricosus" subGenus="Gyrostoma">
|
||
<emphasis id="8BF3EA95FF8BFFA1FC18FDD521FD7F50" box="[943,1019,562,583]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="543">Polistes</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<emphasis id="8BF3EA95FF8BFFA1FBBEFDD526757F50" box="[1033,1139,562,583]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="543">Gyrostoma</emphasis>
|
||
)
|
||
<emphasis id="8BF3EA95FF8BFFA1FB36FDD526FC7F50" box="[1153,1274,562,583]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="543">tenebricosus</emphasis>
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="DD164B76FF8BFFA1FAB7FDD5279A7F5F" author="Lepeletier, A. L. M." box="[1280,1436,562,584]" pageId="2" pageNumber="543" refId="ref20400" refString="Lepeletier, A. L. M. (1836) Histoire Naturelle des Insectes. Hymenopteres. Vol. 1. Roret's Suites a Buffon, Paris, 547 pp." type="book" year="1836">Lepeletier, 1836</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
</keyLead>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="B9383687FF8BFFA1FF20FDB7279A7F88" blockId="2.[151,1437,151,2021]" pageId="2" pageNumber="543">
|
||
<keyLead id="027695B2FF8BFFA1FF20FDB7279A7F88" pageId="2" pageNumber="543">
|
||
- Clypeus produced dorsally beyond the level of anterior tentorial pits (
|
||
<figureCitation id="21BC2A02FF8BFFA1FC3DFDA8261C7F71" box="[906,1050,591,614]" captionStart="FIGURES 7–16" captionStartId="9.[151,264,1907,1931]" captionTargetBox="[153,1436,816,1881]" captionTargetId="figure-297@9.[151,1436,813,1884]" captionTargetPageId="9" captionText="FIGURES 7–16. ♀ of Polistes species. 7–8. P. tenebricosus. 9–10. P. sagittarius. 11–12, 15. P. celebensis. 13–14, 16. P. stigma. 7, 9, 12, 14. Head, frontal view, an arrow in 7 and 9 indicates anterior tentorial pit. 8. First two metasomal segments, lateral view, an arrow indicates basal angle of S1. 10, 11, 13. Habitus, lateral view, 15–16. Hind tarsal claws. Scale line 1 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4304805" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4304805/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="543">Figs. 9, 12, 14</figureCitation>
|
||
). Pronotal fovea, epicnemial carina and dorsal groove, all absent. Body color and markings similar to
|
||
<taxonomicName id="7E874D04FF8BFFA1FC9EFD8A21BF7F95" ID-CoL="4KYJK" authorityName="Lepeletier" authorityYear="1836" box="[809,953,621,642]" class="Insecta" family="Eumenidae" genus="Polistes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="543" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="tenebricosus">
|
||
<emphasis id="8BF3EA95FF8BFFA1FC9EFD8A21BF7F95" box="[809,953,621,642]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="543">P. tenebricosus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(
|
||
<figureCitation id="21BC2A02FF8BFFA1FC72FD8A262B7F95" box="[965,1069,621,643]" captionStart="FIGURES 7–16" captionStartId="9.[151,264,1907,1931]" captionTargetBox="[153,1436,816,1881]" captionTargetId="figure-297@9.[151,1436,813,1884]" captionTargetPageId="9" captionText="FIGURES 7–16. ♀ of Polistes species. 7–8. P. tenebricosus. 9–10. P. sagittarius. 11–12, 15. P. celebensis. 13–14, 16. P. stigma. 7, 9, 12, 14. Head, frontal view, an arrow in 7 and 9 indicates anterior tentorial pit. 8. First two metasomal segments, lateral view, an arrow indicates basal angle of S1. 10, 11, 13. Habitus, lateral view, 15–16. Hind tarsal claws. Scale line 1 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4304805" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4304805/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="543">Figs. 9–10</figureCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<taxonomicName id="7E874D04FF8BFFA1FB81FD8A26B27F95" ID-CoL="4KYHC" authorityName="de Saussure" authorityYear="1853" box="[1078,1204,621,642]" class="Insecta" family="Eumenidae" genus="Polistes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="543" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="sagittarius">
|
||
<emphasis id="8BF3EA95FF8BFFA1FB81FD8A26B27F95" box="[1078,1204,621,642]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="543">P. sagittarius</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
) or much brighter (
|
||
<figureCitation id="21BC2A02FF8BFFA1FADBFD8A23187FB7" captionStart="FIGURES 7–16" captionStartId="9.[151,264,1907,1931]" captionTargetBox="[153,1436,816,1881]" captionTargetId="figure-297@9.[151,1436,813,1884]" captionTargetPageId="9" captionText="FIGURES 7–16. ♀ of Polistes species. 7–8. P. tenebricosus. 9–10. P. sagittarius. 11–12, 15. P. celebensis. 13–14, 16. P. stigma. 7, 9, 12, 14. Head, frontal view, an arrow in 7 and 9 indicates anterior tentorial pit. 8. First two metasomal segments, lateral view, an arrow indicates basal angle of S1. 10, 11, 13. Habitus, lateral view, 15–16. Hind tarsal claws. Scale line 1 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4304805" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4304805/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="543">Figs. 11–14</figureCitation>
|
||
)............................................................................ 7, subgenus
|
||
<taxonomicName id="7E874D04FF8BFFA1FAF7FD6D279A7F88" box="[1344,1436,650,671]" class="Insecta" family="Eumenidae" genus="Polistes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="543" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subGenus" subGenus="Polistella">
|
||
<emphasis id="8BF3EA95FF8BFFA1FAF7FD6D279A7F88" box="[1344,1436,650,671]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="543">Polistella</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
</keyLead>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</keyStep>
|
||
<keyStep id="02732E22FF8BFFA1FF20FD4F279A7E47" pageId="2" pageNumber="543">
|
||
<paragraph id="B9383687FF8BFFA1FF20FD4F279A7FEF" blockId="2.[151,1437,151,2021]" pageId="2" pageNumber="543">
|
||
<keyLead id="027695B2FF8BFFA1FF20FD4F279A7FEF" pageId="2" pageNumber="543">
|
||
7. Larger species; forewing length
|
||
<quantity id="7E7F9B62FF8BFFA1FDAEFD4020867FAA" box="[537,640,679,701]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.75" metricValueMax="2.0" metricValueMin="1.5" pageId="2" pageNumber="543" unit="mm" value="17.5" valueMax="20.0" valueMin="15.0">15-20 mm</quantity>
|
||
. Gena wide, in profile about 0.7-0.9 times as wide as eye in female (
|
||
<figureCitation id="21BC2A02FF8BFFA1FAA0FD4027597FA9" box="[1303,1375,679,702]" captionStart="FIGURES 7–16" captionStartId="9.[151,264,1907,1931]" captionTargetBox="[153,1436,816,1881]" captionTargetId="figure-297@9.[151,1436,813,1884]" captionTargetPageId="9" captionText="FIGURES 7–16. ♀ of Polistes species. 7–8. P. tenebricosus. 9–10. P. sagittarius. 11–12, 15. P. celebensis. 13–14, 16. P. stigma. 7, 9, 12, 14. Head, frontal view, an arrow in 7 and 9 indicates anterior tentorial pit. 8. First two metasomal segments, lateral view, an arrow indicates basal angle of S1. 10, 11, 13. Habitus, lateral view, 15–16. Hind tarsal claws. Scale line 1 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4304805" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4304805/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="543">Fig. 10</figureCitation>
|
||
). Fore wing without a dark spot. Propodeum with strong transverse striae. Body ferruginous to dark brown, sometimes T1 and/or T2 with orange-yellow or dark brownish bands (
|
||
<figureCitation id="21BC2A02FF8BFFA1FD25FD0520CD7FEF" box="[658,715,738,760]" captionStart="FIGURES 7–16" captionStartId="9.[151,264,1907,1931]" captionTargetBox="[153,1436,816,1881]" captionTargetId="figure-297@9.[151,1436,813,1884]" captionTargetPageId="9" captionText="FIGURES 7–16. ♀ of Polistes species. 7–8. P. tenebricosus. 9–10. P. sagittarius. 11–12, 15. P. celebensis. 13–14, 16. P. stigma. 7, 9, 12, 14. Head, frontal view, an arrow in 7 and 9 indicates anterior tentorial pit. 8. First two metasomal segments, lateral view, an arrow indicates basal angle of S1. 10, 11, 13. Habitus, lateral view, 15–16. Hind tarsal claws. Scale line 1 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4304805" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4304805/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="543">Fig. 8</figureCitation>
|
||
)..................
|
||
<taxonomicName id="7E874D04FF8BFFA1FC09FD05279A7FEF" ID-CoL="4KYHC" authority="de Saussure, 1853" authorityName="de Saussure" authorityYear="1853" box="[958,1436,738,760]" class="Insecta" family="Eumenidae" genus="Polistes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="543" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="sagittarius" subGenus="Polistella">
|
||
<emphasis id="8BF3EA95FF8BFFA1FC09FD05260C7FE0" box="[958,1034,738,759]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="543">Polistes</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<emphasis id="8BF3EA95FF8BFFA1FBAFFD0526727FE0" box="[1048,1140,738,759]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="543">Polistella</emphasis>
|
||
)
|
||
<emphasis id="8BF3EA95FF8BFFA1FB35FD0426EF7FEF" box="[1154,1257,739,760]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="543">sagittarius</emphasis>
|
||
de
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="DD164B76FF8BFFA1FABCFD05279A7FEF" author="Saussure, H. de" box="[1291,1436,738,760]" pageId="2" pageNumber="543" pagination="8 - 9" refId="ref21408" refString="Saussure, H. de (1853) s. n. In: Etudes sur la famille des Vespides. Vol. 2. Monographiedes Guepessociales, oudelatribede Vespiens. Masson, Paris and Kessmann, Geneve, pp. i-l + 129 - 286 + 1 + 6 + 8 - 9 + 11 - 13 + 15 - 22." type="journal article" year="1853">Saussure, 1853</bibRefCitation>
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</taxonomicName>
|
||
</keyLead>
|
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</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="B9383687FF8BFFA1FF20FCE7279A7E47" blockId="2.[151,1437,151,2021]" pageId="2" pageNumber="543">
|
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<keyLead id="027695B2FF8BFFA1FF20FCE7279A7E47" pageId="2" pageNumber="543">
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||
- Smaller species, forewing length
|
||
<quantity id="7E7F9B62FF8BFFA1FD94FCE7208F7E02" box="[547,649,768,789]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.25" metricValueMax="1.4" metricValueMin="1.1" pageId="2" pageNumber="543" unit="mm" value="12.5" valueMax="14.0" valueMin="11.0">11-14 mm</quantity>
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. Gena about 0.6-0.7 times as wide as eye in female (
|
||
<figureCitation id="21BC2A02FF8BFFA1FB34FD1826F17E01" box="[1155,1271,767,790]" captionStart="FIGURES 7–16" captionStartId="9.[151,264,1907,1931]" captionTargetBox="[153,1436,816,1881]" captionTargetId="figure-297@9.[151,1436,813,1884]" captionTargetPageId="9" captionText="FIGURES 7–16. ♀ of Polistes species. 7–8. P. tenebricosus. 9–10. P. sagittarius. 11–12, 15. P. celebensis. 13–14, 16. P. stigma. 7, 9, 12, 14. Head, frontal view, an arrow in 7 and 9 indicates anterior tentorial pit. 8. First two metasomal segments, lateral view, an arrow indicates basal angle of S1. 10, 11, 13. Habitus, lateral view, 15–16. Hind tarsal claws. Scale line 1 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4304805" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4304805/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="543">Figs. 11, 13</figureCitation>
|
||
). Fore wing with apical dark spot (
|
||
<figureCitation id="21BC2A02FF8BFFA1FE31FCFA23FE7E24" box="[390,504,797,819]" captionStart="FIGURES 7–16" captionStartId="9.[151,264,1907,1931]" captionTargetBox="[153,1436,816,1881]" captionTargetId="figure-297@9.[151,1436,813,1884]" captionTargetPageId="9" captionText="FIGURES 7–16. ♀ of Polistes species. 7–8. P. tenebricosus. 9–10. P. sagittarius. 11–12, 15. P. celebensis. 13–14, 16. P. stigma. 7, 9, 12, 14. Head, frontal view, an arrow in 7 and 9 indicates anterior tentorial pit. 8. First two metasomal segments, lateral view, an arrow indicates basal angle of S1. 10, 11, 13. Habitus, lateral view, 15–16. Hind tarsal claws. Scale line 1 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4304805" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4304805/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="543">Figs. 11, 13</figureCitation>
|
||
). Propodeum shallowly excavated medially and with weak transverse striae. Body with extensive yellow and reddish-brown markings (
|
||
<figureCitation id="21BC2A02FF8BFFA1FDFDFCDD20BA7E47" box="[586,700,826,848]" captionStart="FIGURES 7–16" captionStartId="9.[151,264,1907,1931]" captionTargetBox="[153,1436,816,1881]" captionTargetId="figure-297@9.[151,1436,813,1884]" captionTargetPageId="9" captionText="FIGURES 7–16. ♀ of Polistes species. 7–8. P. tenebricosus. 9–10. P. sagittarius. 11–12, 15. P. celebensis. 13–14, 16. P. stigma. 7, 9, 12, 14. Head, frontal view, an arrow in 7 and 9 indicates anterior tentorial pit. 8. First two metasomal segments, lateral view, an arrow indicates basal angle of S1. 10, 11, 13. Habitus, lateral view, 15–16. Hind tarsal claws. Scale line 1 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4304805" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4304805/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="543">Figs. 11–14</figureCitation>
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)............................... 8,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="7E874D04FF8BFFA1FBEDFCDD27587E47" ID-CoL="4KYJ8" baseAuthorityName="Fabricius" baseAuthorityYear="1793" box="[1114,1374,826,848]" class="Insecta" family="Eumenidae" genus="Polistes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="543" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="stigma" subGenus="Polistella">
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<emphasis id="8BF3EA95FF8BFFA1FBEDFCDD26A07E58" box="[1114,1190,826,847]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="543">Polistes</emphasis>
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(
|
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<emphasis id="8BF3EA95FF8BFFA1FB03FCDD27167E58" box="[1204,1296,826,847]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="543">Polistella</emphasis>
|
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)
|
||
<emphasis id="8BF3EA95FF8BFFA1FAA9FCDC27587E47" box="[1310,1374,827,848]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="543">stigma</emphasis>
|
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</taxonomicName>
|
||
group
|
||
</keyLead>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</keyStep>
|
||
<keyStep id="02732E22FF8BFFA1FF20FCBF279A7917" pageId="2" pageNumber="543">
|
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<paragraph id="B9383687FF8BFFA1FF20FCBF279A7EB0" blockId="2.[151,1437,151,2021]" pageId="2" pageNumber="543">
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<keyLead id="027695B2FF8BFFA1FF20FCBF279A7EB0" pageId="2" pageNumber="543">
|
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8. Hind tarsal claw asymmetrical (
|
||
<figureCitation id="21BC2A02FF8BFFA1FDA2FCB0205A7E7A" box="[533,604,855,877]" captionStart="FIGURES 7–16" captionStartId="9.[151,264,1907,1931]" captionTargetBox="[153,1436,816,1881]" captionTargetId="figure-297@9.[151,1436,813,1884]" captionTargetPageId="9" captionText="FIGURES 7–16. ♀ of Polistes species. 7–8. P. tenebricosus. 9–10. P. sagittarius. 11–12, 15. P. celebensis. 13–14, 16. P. stigma. 7, 9, 12, 14. Head, frontal view, an arrow in 7 and 9 indicates anterior tentorial pit. 8. First two metasomal segments, lateral view, an arrow indicates basal angle of S1. 10, 11, 13. Habitus, lateral view, 15–16. Hind tarsal claws. Scale line 1 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4304805" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4304805/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="543">Fig. 15</figureCitation>
|
||
). Clypeus reddish-brown in basal half and yellow in apical half, with a small pair reddish-brown spots on the apex, scattered punctures, rather deep punctures (
|
||
<figureCitation id="21BC2A02FF8BFFA1FC18FC9221FE7E9C" box="[943,1016,885,907]" captionStart="FIGURES 7–16" captionStartId="9.[151,264,1907,1931]" captionTargetBox="[153,1436,816,1881]" captionTargetId="figure-297@9.[151,1436,813,1884]" captionTargetPageId="9" captionText="FIGURES 7–16. ♀ of Polistes species. 7–8. P. tenebricosus. 9–10. P. sagittarius. 11–12, 15. P. celebensis. 13–14, 16. P. stigma. 7, 9, 12, 14. Head, frontal view, an arrow in 7 and 9 indicates anterior tentorial pit. 8. First two metasomal segments, lateral view, an arrow indicates basal angle of S1. 10, 11, 13. Habitus, lateral view, 15–16. Hind tarsal claws. Scale line 1 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4304805" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4304805/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="543">Fig. 12</figureCitation>
|
||
). T1-4 with apical yellow bands; S2-4 with broad apical yellow bands (
|
||
<figureCitation id="21BC2A02FF8BFFA1FE5DFC7520287EBF" box="[490,558,914,936]" captionStart="FIGURES 7–16" captionStartId="9.[151,264,1907,1931]" captionTargetBox="[153,1436,816,1881]" captionTargetId="figure-297@9.[151,1436,813,1884]" captionTargetPageId="9" captionText="FIGURES 7–16. ♀ of Polistes species. 7–8. P. tenebricosus. 9–10. P. sagittarius. 11–12, 15. P. celebensis. 13–14, 16. P. stigma. 7, 9, 12, 14. Head, frontal view, an arrow in 7 and 9 indicates anterior tentorial pit. 8. First two metasomal segments, lateral view, an arrow indicates basal angle of S1. 10, 11, 13. Habitus, lateral view, 15–16. Hind tarsal claws. Scale line 1 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4304805" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4304805/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="543">Fig. 11</figureCitation>
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).....................................
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||
<taxonomicName id="7E874D04FF8BFFA1FBB2FC75279A7EB0" authority="Selis, 2018" authorityName="Selis" authorityYear="2018" box="[1029,1436,914,936]" class="Insecta" family="Eumenidae" genus="Polistes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="543" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="celebensis" subGenus="Polistella">
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<emphasis id="8BF3EA95FF8BFFA1FBB2FC7526577EB0" box="[1029,1105,914,935]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="543">Polistes</emphasis>
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(
|
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<emphasis id="8BF3EA95FF8BFFA1FBE8FC7526BD7EB0" box="[1119,1211,914,935]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="543">Polistella</emphasis>
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)
|
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<emphasis id="8BF3EA95FF8BFFA1FB7EFC75272A7EB0" box="[1225,1324,914,935]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="543">celebensis</emphasis>
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<bibRefCitation id="DD164B76FF8BFFA1FA85FC75279A7EB0" author="Selis, M." box="[1330,1436,914,936]" pageId="2" pageNumber="543" pagination="435 - 438" refId="ref21497" refString="Selis, M. (2018) Description of the first endemic Polistes Latreille, 1802 from Sulawesi (Hymenoptera: Vespidae: Polistinae). Zootaxa, 4508 (3), 435 - 438. https: // doi. org / 10.11646 / zootaxa. 4508.3.7" type="journal article" year="2018">Selis, 2018</bibRefCitation>
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</taxonomicName>
|
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</keyLead>
|
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</paragraph>
|
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<paragraph id="B9383687FF8BFFA1FF20FC57279A7917" blockId="2.[151,1437,151,2021]" pageId="2" pageNumber="543">
|
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<keyLead id="027695B2FF8BFFA1FF20FC57279A7917" pageId="2" pageNumber="543">
|
||
- Hind tarsal claws more or less symmetrical (
|
||
<figureCitation id="21BC2A02FF8BFFA1FD20FC4820E67ED2" box="[663,736,943,965]" captionStart="FIGURES 7–16" captionStartId="9.[151,264,1907,1931]" captionTargetBox="[153,1436,816,1881]" captionTargetId="figure-297@9.[151,1436,813,1884]" captionTargetPageId="9" captionText="FIGURES 7–16. ♀ of Polistes species. 7–8. P. tenebricosus. 9–10. P. sagittarius. 11–12, 15. P. celebensis. 13–14, 16. P. stigma. 7, 9, 12, 14. Head, frontal view, an arrow in 7 and 9 indicates anterior tentorial pit. 8. First two metasomal segments, lateral view, an arrow indicates basal angle of S1. 10, 11, 13. Habitus, lateral view, 15–16. Hind tarsal claws. Scale line 1 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4304805" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4304805/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="543">Fig. 16</figureCitation>
|
||
). Clypeus entirely yellow, with shallow punctures (
|
||
<figureCitation id="21BC2A02FF8BFFA1FB61FC4827197ED1" box="[1238,1311,943,966]" captionStart="FIGURES 7–16" captionStartId="9.[151,264,1907,1931]" captionTargetBox="[153,1436,816,1881]" captionTargetId="figure-297@9.[151,1436,813,1884]" captionTargetPageId="9" captionText="FIGURES 7–16. ♀ of Polistes species. 7–8. P. tenebricosus. 9–10. P. sagittarius. 11–12, 15. P. celebensis. 13–14, 16. P. stigma. 7, 9, 12, 14. Head, frontal view, an arrow in 7 and 9 indicates anterior tentorial pit. 8. First two metasomal segments, lateral view, an arrow indicates basal angle of S1. 10, 11, 13. Habitus, lateral view, 15–16. Hind tarsal claws. Scale line 1 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4304805" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4304805/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="543">Fig. 14</figureCitation>
|
||
). T4 without apical yellow band, S2 with posterolateral spots and S3 with narrow apical yellow band (
|
||
<figureCitation id="21BC2A02FF8BFFA1FB8FFC2A267B7EF4" box="[1080,1149,973,995]" captionStart="FIGURES 7–16" captionStartId="9.[151,264,1907,1931]" captionTargetBox="[153,1436,816,1881]" captionTargetId="figure-297@9.[151,1436,813,1884]" captionTargetPageId="9" captionText="FIGURES 7–16. ♀ of Polistes species. 7–8. P. tenebricosus. 9–10. P. sagittarius. 11–12, 15. P. celebensis. 13–14, 16. P. stigma. 7, 9, 12, 14. Head, frontal view, an arrow in 7 and 9 indicates anterior tentorial pit. 8. First two metasomal segments, lateral view, an arrow indicates basal angle of S1. 10, 11, 13. Habitus, lateral view, 15–16. Hind tarsal claws. Scale line 1 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4304805" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4304805/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="543">Fig. 13</figureCitation>
|
||
)................................................................................
|
||
<taxonomicName id="7E874D04FF8BFFA1FC10FC0D26AD7917" ID-CoL="4KYJ8" baseAuthorityName="Fabricius" baseAuthorityYear="1793" box="[935,1195,1002,1024]" class="Insecta" family="Eumenidae" genus="Polistes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="543" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="stigma" subGenus="Polistella">
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<emphasis id="8BF3EA95FF8BFFA1FC10FC0D21F57EE8" box="[935,1011,1002,1023]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="543">Polistes</emphasis>
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(
|
||
<emphasis id="8BF3EA95FF8BFFA1FBB6FC0D265B7EE8" box="[1025,1117,1002,1023]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="543">Polistella</emphasis>
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)
|
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<emphasis id="8BF3EA95FF8BFFA1FBDCFC0C26AD7917" box="[1131,1195,1003,1024]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="543">stigma</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
|
||
<taxonomicName id="7E874D04FF8BFFA1FB06FC0C279A7917" ID-CoL="4KYJ8" authority="(Fabricius, 1793)" baseAuthorityName="Fabricius" baseAuthorityYear="1793" box="[1201,1436,1002,1024]" class="Insecta" family="Eumenidae" genus="Polistes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="543" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="stigma">
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<emphasis id="8BF3EA95FF8BFFA1FB06FC0C26F77917" box="[1201,1265,1003,1024]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="543">stigma</emphasis>
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(
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="DD164B76FF8BFFA1FB4AFC0D27937917" author="Fabricius, J. C. F." box="[1277,1429,1002,1024]" pageId="2" pageNumber="543" refId="ref19445" refString="Fabricius, J. C. F. (1793) Entomologia Systematica emendata et aucta. Secundum classes, ordines, genera, species adjectis synonimis, locis, observationibus, descriptionibus. Vol. 2. impensis Christ. Gottl. Proft, Hafniae, 519 pp. https: // doi. org / 10.5962 / bhl. title. 122153" type="book" year="1793">Fabricius, 1793</bibRefCitation>
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)
|
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</taxonomicName>
|
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</keyLead>
|
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</paragraph>
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</keyStep>
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<keyStep id="02732E22FF8BFFA1FF20FBEF279B7985" pageId="2" pageNumber="543">
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<paragraph id="B9383687FF8BFFA1FF20FBEF279A794F" blockId="2.[151,1437,151,2021]" pageId="2" pageNumber="543">
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<keyLead id="027695B2FF8BFFA1FF20FBEF279A794F" pageId="2" pageNumber="543">
|
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9. Pronotal fovea, dorsal groove of mesepisternum, pretegular carina, all present (
|
||
<figureCitation id="21BC2A02FF8BFFA1FC79FBE02612790A" box="[974,1044,1031,1053]" captionStart="FIGURES 17–25" captionStartId="13.[151,264,1468,1492]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,525,1444]" captionTargetId="figure-200@13.[151,1436,525,1444]" captionTargetPageId="13" captionText="FIGURES 17–25. ♀ of Ropalidiini species. 17–18. Parapolybia varia. 19. Ropalidia mathematica. 20–21. R. marginata. 22. R. pilosa. 23. R. impetuosa. 24. R. plebeja. 25. R. celebensis. 17, 19–20, 22–24. Habitus, lateral view. 18. Head, frontal view. 21. Posterior part of mesosoma and T1, dorsal view, an arrow indicates paired basal carina of propodeum. 25. Head, mesosoma and T1, lateral view." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4296948" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4296948/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="543">Fig. 17</figureCitation>
|
||
; Fig.
|
||
<quantity id="7E7F9B62FF8BFFA1FBFFFBEF267E790A" box="[1096,1144,1031,1053]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="9.906" pageId="2" pageNumber="543" unit="in" value="39.0">39 in</quantity>
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<bibRefCitation id="DD164B76FF8BFFA1FBCBFBEF27947909" author="Carpenter, J. M. & Nguyen, T. P. L." box="[1148,1426,1031,1054]" pageId="2" pageNumber="543" pagination="183 - 192" refId="ref19218" refString="Carpenter, J. M. & Nguyen, T. P. L. (2003) Keys to the genera of social wasps of South-East Asia. Entomological Science, 6, 183 - 192. https: // doi. org / 10.1046 / j. 1343 - 8786.2003.00016. x" type="journal article" year="2003">Carpenter and Nguyen, 2003</bibRefCitation>
|
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). T2 and S2 not fused, overlapping (
|
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<figureCitation id="21BC2A02FF8BFFA1FD86FBC2207E792C" box="[561,632,1061,1083]" captionStart="FIGURES 17–25" captionStartId="13.[151,264,1468,1492]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,525,1444]" captionTargetId="figure-200@13.[151,1436,525,1444]" captionTargetPageId="13" captionText="FIGURES 17–25. ♀ of Ropalidiini species. 17–18. Parapolybia varia. 19. Ropalidia mathematica. 20–21. R. marginata. 22. R. pilosa. 23. R. impetuosa. 24. R. plebeja. 25. R. celebensis. 17, 19–20, 22–24. Habitus, lateral view. 18. Head, frontal view. 21. Posterior part of mesosoma and T1, dorsal view, an arrow indicates paired basal carina of propodeum. 25. Head, mesosoma and T1, lateral view." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4296948" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4296948/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="543">Fig. 17</figureCitation>
|
||
). Body mostly brown with yellow markings (
|
||
<figureCitation id="21BC2A02FF8BFFA1FB98FBC226A2792D" box="[1071,1188,1061,1083]" captionStart="FIGURES 17–25" captionStartId="13.[151,264,1468,1492]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,525,1444]" captionTargetId="figure-200@13.[151,1436,525,1444]" captionTargetPageId="13" captionText="FIGURES 17–25. ♀ of Ropalidiini species. 17–18. Parapolybia varia. 19. Ropalidia mathematica. 20–21. R. marginata. 22. R. pilosa. 23. R. impetuosa. 24. R. plebeja. 25. R. celebensis. 17, 19–20, 22–24. Habitus, lateral view. 18. Head, frontal view. 21. Posterior part of mesosoma and T1, dorsal view, an arrow indicates paired basal carina of propodeum. 25. Head, mesosoma and T1, lateral view." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4296948" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4296948/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="543">Figs. 17–18</figureCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<figureCitation id="21BC2A02FF8BFFA1FB19FBC226F5792D" box="[1198,1267,1061,1083]" captionStart="FIGURES 7–16" captionStartId="9.[151,264,1907,1931]" captionTargetBox="[153,1436,816,1881]" captionTargetId="figure-297@9.[151,1436,813,1884]" captionTargetPageId="9" captionText="FIGURES 7–16. ♀ of Polistes species. 7–8. P. tenebricosus. 9–10. P. sagittarius. 11–12, 15. P. celebensis. 13–14, 16. P. stigma. 7, 9, 12, 14. Head, frontal view, an arrow in 7 and 9 indicates anterior tentorial pit. 8. First two metasomal segments, lateral view, an arrow indicates basal angle of S1. 10, 11, 13. Habitus, lateral view, 15–16. Hind tarsal claws. Scale line 1 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4304805" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4304805/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="543">
|
||
Fig.
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||
<quantity id="7E7F9B62FF8BFFA1FB6CFBC226F5792D" box="[1243,1267,1061,1082]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.048" pageId="2" pageNumber="543" unit="in" value="12.0">12</quantity>
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</figureCitation>
|
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in van der
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="DD164B76FF8BFFA1FAE8FBC22315794F" author="Vecht, J. van der" pageId="2" pageNumber="543" pagination="1 - 42" refId="ref21958" refString="Vecht, J. van der (1966) The east-Asiatic and Indo-Australian species of Polybioides Buysson and Parapolybia Saussure (Hymenoptera, Vespidae). Zoologische Verhandelingen, 82, 1 - 42. [plate. 3]" type="journal article" year="1966">Vecht, 1966</bibRefCitation>
|
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)..................................................................
|
||
<taxonomicName id="7E874D04FF8BFFA1FBF7FBA5279A794F" ID-CoL="4D9G3" authority="(Fabricius, 1787)" baseAuthorityName="Fabricius" baseAuthorityYear="1787" box="[1088,1436,1090,1112]" class="Insecta" family="Vespidae" genus="Parapolybia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="543" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="varia">
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||
<emphasis id="8BF3EA95FF8BFFA1FBF7FBA526F7794F" box="[1088,1265,1090,1112]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="543">Parapolybia varia</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="DD164B76FF8BFFA1FB4AFBA52793794F" author="Fabricius, J. C. F." box="[1277,1429,1090,1112]" pageId="2" pageNumber="543" refId="ref19381" refString="Fabricius, J. C. F. (1787) Mantissa insectorum: sistens eorum species nuper detectas, adiectis characteribus genericis, differen- tiis specificis, emendationibus, observationibus, Joh. Chris. Fabricii. Impensis C. G. Proft, Hafniae, 348 pp. https: // doi. org / 10.5962 / bhl. title. 36471" type="book" year="1787">Fabricius, 1787</bibRefCitation>
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)
|
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</taxonomicName>
|
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</keyLead>
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="B9383687FF8BFFA1FF20FB87279B7985" blockId="2.[151,1437,151,2021]" pageId="2" pageNumber="543">
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<keyLead id="027695B2FF8BFFA1FF20FB87279B7985" pageId="2" pageNumber="543">
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- Pronotal fovea, dorsal groove of mesepisternum, pretegular carina, all absent (
|
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<figureCitation id="21BC2A02FF8BFFA1FC56FBB826A77962" box="[993,1185,1119,1141]" captionStart="FIGURES 17–25" captionStartId="13.[151,264,1468,1492]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,525,1444]" captionTargetId="figure-200@13.[151,1436,525,1444]" captionTargetPageId="13" captionText="FIGURES 17–25. ♀ of Ropalidiini species. 17–18. Parapolybia varia. 19. Ropalidia mathematica. 20–21. R. marginata. 22. R. pilosa. 23. R. impetuosa. 24. R. plebeja. 25. R. celebensis. 17, 19–20, 22–24. Habitus, lateral view. 18. Head, frontal view. 21. Posterior part of mesosoma and T1, dorsal view, an arrow indicates paired basal carina of propodeum. 25. Head, mesosoma and T1, lateral view." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4296948" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4296948/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="543">Figs. 19–20, 22–25</figureCitation>
|
||
; Fig.
|
||
<quantity id="7E7F9B62FF8BFFA1FB6DFB87270A7962" box="[1242,1292,1119,1141]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="9.652" pageId="2" pageNumber="543" unit="in" value="38.0">38 in</quantity>
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<bibRefCitation id="DD164B76FF8BFFA1FAA4FB8723687984" author="Carpenter, J. M. & Nguyen, T. P. L." pageId="2" pageNumber="543" pagination="183 - 192" refId="ref19218" refString="Carpenter, J. M. & Nguyen, T. P. L. (2003) Keys to the genera of social wasps of South-East Asia. Entomological Science, 6, 183 - 192. https: // doi. org / 10.1046 / j. 1343 - 8786.2003.00016. x" type="journal article" year="2003">Carpenter and Nguyen, 2003</bibRefCitation>
|
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). T2 and S2 fused, leaving at most suture (
|
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<figureCitation id="21BC2A02FF8BFFA1FCB1FB9A21C47984" box="[774,962,1149,1171]" captionStart="FIGURES 17–25" captionStartId="13.[151,264,1468,1492]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,525,1444]" captionTargetId="figure-200@13.[151,1436,525,1444]" captionTargetPageId="13" captionText="FIGURES 17–25. ♀ of Ropalidiini species. 17–18. Parapolybia varia. 19. Ropalidia mathematica. 20–21. R. marginata. 22. R. pilosa. 23. R. impetuosa. 24. R. plebeja. 25. R. celebensis. 17, 19–20, 22–24. Habitus, lateral view. 18. Head, frontal view. 21. Posterior part of mesosoma and T1, dorsal view, an arrow indicates paired basal carina of propodeum. 25. Head, mesosoma and T1, lateral view." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4296948" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4296948/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="543">Figs. 19–20, 22–24</figureCitation>
|
||
)...................... 10, genus
|
||
<taxonomicName id="7E874D04FF8BFFA1FA89FB9A279B7985" ID-CoL="63RV3" authorityName="Guerin-Meneville" authorityYear="1831" box="[1342,1437,1149,1170]" class="Insecta" family="Vespidae" genus="Ropalidia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="543" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="8BF3EA95FF8BFFA1FA89FB9A279B7985" box="[1342,1437,1149,1170]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="543">Ropalidia</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
|
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</keyLead>
|
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</paragraph>
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</keyStep>
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<keyStep id="02732E22FF8BFFA1FF20FB7D279A7832" pageId="2" pageNumber="543">
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<paragraph id="B9383687FF8BFFA1FF20FB7D279A79FC" blockId="2.[151,1437,151,2021]" pageId="2" pageNumber="543">
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<keyLead id="027695B2FF8BFFA1FF20FB7D279A79FC" pageId="2" pageNumber="543">
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10. Suture between T2 and S2 more or less distinct, visible from base to apex of the segment (
|
||
<figureCitation id="21BC2A02FF8BFFA1FBE0FB7D269979B8" box="[1111,1183,1178,1200]" captionStart="FIGURES 17–25" captionStartId="13.[151,264,1468,1492]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,525,1444]" captionTargetId="figure-200@13.[151,1436,525,1444]" captionTargetPageId="13" captionText="FIGURES 17–25. ♀ of Ropalidiini species. 17–18. Parapolybia varia. 19. Ropalidia mathematica. 20–21. R. marginata. 22. R. pilosa. 23. R. impetuosa. 24. R. plebeja. 25. R. celebensis. 17, 19–20, 22–24. Habitus, lateral view. 18. Head, frontal view. 21. Posterior part of mesosoma and T1, dorsal view, an arrow indicates paired basal carina of propodeum. 25. Head, mesosoma and T1, lateral view." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4296948" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4296948/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="543">Fig. 19</figureCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<figureCitation id="21BC2A02FF8BFFA1FB1CFB7D26F679B8" box="[1195,1264,1178,1200]" captionStart="FIGURES 17–25" captionStartId="13.[151,264,1468,1492]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,525,1444]" captionTargetId="figure-200@13.[151,1436,525,1444]" captionTargetPageId="13" captionText="FIGURES 17–25. ♀ of Ropalidiini species. 17–18. Parapolybia varia. 19. Ropalidia mathematica. 20–21. R. marginata. 22. R. pilosa. 23. R. impetuosa. 24. R. plebeja. 25. R. celebensis. 17, 19–20, 22–24. Habitus, lateral view. 18. Head, frontal view. 21. Posterior part of mesosoma and T1, dorsal view, an arrow indicates paired basal carina of propodeum. 25. Head, mesosoma and T1, lateral view." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4296948" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4296948/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="543">
|
||
Fig.
|
||
<quantity id="7E7F9B62FF8BFFA1FB6FFB7D26F679B8" box="[1240,1264,1178,1199]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.826" pageId="2" pageNumber="543" unit="in" value="19.0">19</quantity>
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</figureCitation>
|
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in van der
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="DD164B76FF8BFFA1FAE8FB7D231379D9" author="Vecht, J. van der" pageId="2" pageNumber="543" pagination="103 - 190" refId="ref21846" refString="Vecht, J. van der (1941) The Indo-Australian species of the genus Ropalidia (= Icaria) (Hymenoptera, Vespidae) (first part). Treubia, 18, 103 - 190." type="journal article" year="1941">Vecht, 1941</bibRefCitation>
|
||
). First metasomal segment elongate, flask-shaped, more than twice as long as wide in dorsal view. T1 laterally rufous, rarely with yellow spots at base; S2 rarely with yellow spots (
|
||
<figureCitation id="21BC2A02FF8BFFA1FC85FB32217179FC" box="[818,887,1237,1259]" captionStart="FIGURES 17–25" captionStartId="13.[151,264,1468,1492]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,525,1444]" captionTargetId="figure-200@13.[151,1436,525,1444]" captionTargetPageId="13" captionText="FIGURES 17–25. ♀ of Ropalidiini species. 17–18. Parapolybia varia. 19. Ropalidia mathematica. 20–21. R. marginata. 22. R. pilosa. 23. R. impetuosa. 24. R. plebeja. 25. R. celebensis. 17, 19–20, 22–24. Habitus, lateral view. 18. Head, frontal view. 21. Posterior part of mesosoma and T1, dorsal view, an arrow indicates paired basal carina of propodeum. 25. Head, mesosoma and T1, lateral view." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4296948" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4296948/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="543">Fig. 19</figureCitation>
|
||
).............
|
||
<taxonomicName id="7E874D04FF8BFFA1FB87FB32279A79FC" ID-CoL="78WC7" authority="(Smith, 1860)" baseAuthorityName="Smith" baseAuthorityYear="1860" box="[1072,1436,1237,1259]" class="Insecta" family="Vespidae" genus="Ropalidia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="543" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="mathematica">
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<emphasis id="8BF3EA95FF8BFFA1FB87FB32271779FD" box="[1072,1297,1237,1258]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="543">Ropalidia mathematica</emphasis>
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(Smith, 1860)
|
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</taxonomicName>
|
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</keyLead>
|
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</paragraph>
|
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<paragraph id="B9383687FF8BFFA1FF20FB14279A7832" blockId="2.[151,1437,151,2021]" pageId="2" pageNumber="543">
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<keyLead id="027695B2FF8BFFA1FF20FB14279A7832" pageId="2" pageNumber="543">
|
||
- Suture between T2 and S2 indistinct, hardly visible in posterior part (
|
||
<figureCitation id="21BC2A02FF8BFFA1FC33FB152626781F" box="[900,1056,1266,1288]" captionStart="FIGURES 17–25" captionStartId="13.[151,264,1468,1492]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,525,1444]" captionTargetId="figure-200@13.[151,1436,525,1444]" captionTargetPageId="13" captionText="FIGURES 17–25. ♀ of Ropalidiini species. 17–18. Parapolybia varia. 19. Ropalidia mathematica. 20–21. R. marginata. 22. R. pilosa. 23. R. impetuosa. 24. R. plebeja. 25. R. celebensis. 17, 19–20, 22–24. Habitus, lateral view. 18. Head, frontal view. 21. Posterior part of mesosoma and T1, dorsal view, an arrow indicates paired basal carina of propodeum. 25. Head, mesosoma and T1, lateral view." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4296948" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4296948/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="543">Figs. 20, 22–24</figureCitation>
|
||
). First metasomal segment shorter, less than twice as long as wide in dorsal view (
|
||
<figureCitation id="21BC2A02FF8BFFA1FDCDFAE820B97831" box="[634,703,1295,1318]" captionStart="FIGURES 17–25" captionStartId="13.[151,264,1468,1492]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,525,1444]" captionTargetId="figure-200@13.[151,1436,525,1444]" captionTargetPageId="13" captionText="FIGURES 17–25. ♀ of Ropalidiini species. 17–18. Parapolybia varia. 19. Ropalidia mathematica. 20–21. R. marginata. 22. R. pilosa. 23. R. impetuosa. 24. R. plebeja. 25. R. celebensis. 17, 19–20, 22–24. Habitus, lateral view. 18. Head, frontal view. 21. Posterior part of mesosoma and T1, dorsal view, an arrow indicates paired basal carina of propodeum. 25. Head, mesosoma and T1, lateral view." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4296948" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4296948/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="543">Fig. 21</figureCitation>
|
||
)......................................................... 11
|
||
</keyLead>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</keyStep>
|
||
<keyStep id="02732E22FF8BFFA1FF20FACA279A7848" pageId="2" pageNumber="543">
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<paragraph id="B9383687FF8BFFA1FF20FACA279A7855" blockId="2.[151,1437,151,2021]" box="[151,1436,1325,1347]" pageId="2" pageNumber="543">
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<keyLead id="027695B2FF8BFFA1FF20FACA279A7855" box="[151,1436,1325,1347]" pageId="2" pageNumber="543">
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11. Propodeum with paired basal longitudinal carinae, running from posterolateral angles of metanotum (
|
||
<figureCitation id="21BC2A02FF8BFFA1FB07FACA26F07854" box="[1200,1270,1325,1347]" captionStart="FIGURES 17–25" captionStartId="13.[151,264,1468,1492]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,525,1444]" captionTargetId="figure-200@13.[151,1436,525,1444]" captionTargetPageId="13" captionText="FIGURES 17–25. ♀ of Ropalidiini species. 17–18. Parapolybia varia. 19. Ropalidia mathematica. 20–21. R. marginata. 22. R. pilosa. 23. R. impetuosa. 24. R. plebeja. 25. R. celebensis. 17, 19–20, 22–24. Habitus, lateral view. 18. Head, frontal view. 21. Posterior part of mesosoma and T1, dorsal view, an arrow indicates paired basal carina of propodeum. 25. Head, mesosoma and T1, lateral view." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4296948" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4296948/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="543">Fig. 21</figureCitation>
|
||
).......... 12
|
||
</keyLead>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="B9383687FF8BFFA1FF20FAAC279A7848" blockId="2.[151,1437,151,2021]" box="[151,1436,1354,1376]" pageId="2" pageNumber="543">
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<keyLead id="027695B2FF8BFFA1FF20FAAC279A7848" box="[151,1436,1354,1376]" pageId="2" pageNumber="543">- Propodeum without carinae............................................................................ 13</keyLead>
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</paragraph>
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</keyStep>
|
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<keyStep id="02732E22FF8BFFA1FF20FA8F279A7B07" pageId="2" pageNumber="543">
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<paragraph id="B9383687FF8BFFA1FF20FA8F279A78AF" blockId="2.[151,1437,151,2021]" pageId="2" pageNumber="543">
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<keyLead id="027695B2FF8BFFA1FF20FA8F279A78AF" pageId="2" pageNumber="543">
|
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12. In dorsal view head narrower than mesosoma excluding tegulae; female gena narrow, less than half as wide as eye in lateral view (
|
||
<figureCitation id="21BC2A02FF8BFFA1FEAAFA622362788C" box="[285,356,1413,1435]" captionStart="FIGURES 17–25" captionStartId="13.[151,264,1468,1492]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,525,1444]" captionTargetId="figure-200@13.[151,1436,525,1444]" captionTargetPageId="13" captionText="FIGURES 17–25. ♀ of Ropalidiini species. 17–18. Parapolybia varia. 19. Ropalidia mathematica. 20–21. R. marginata. 22. R. pilosa. 23. R. impetuosa. 24. R. plebeja. 25. R. celebensis. 17, 19–20, 22–24. Habitus, lateral view. 18. Head, frontal view. 21. Posterior part of mesosoma and T1, dorsal view, an arrow indicates paired basal carina of propodeum. 25. Head, mesosoma and T1, lateral view." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4296948" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4296948/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="543">Fig. 22</figureCitation>
|
||
). Apical margin of T2 and S2 armed with short, blunt teeth (
|
||
<figureCitation id="21BC2A02FF8BFFA1FC29FA6221E3788D" box="[926,997,1413,1435]" captionStart="FIGURES 17–25" captionStartId="13.[151,264,1468,1492]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,525,1444]" captionTargetId="figure-200@13.[151,1436,525,1444]" captionTargetPageId="13" captionText="FIGURES 17–25. ♀ of Ropalidiini species. 17–18. Parapolybia varia. 19. Ropalidia mathematica. 20–21. R. marginata. 22. R. pilosa. 23. R. impetuosa. 24. R. plebeja. 25. R. celebensis. 17, 19–20, 22–24. Habitus, lateral view. 18. Head, frontal view. 21. Posterior part of mesosoma and T1, dorsal view, an arrow indicates paired basal carina of propodeum. 25. Head, mesosoma and T1, lateral view." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4296948" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4296948/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="543">Fig. 22</figureCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<figureCitation id="21BC2A02FF8BFFA1FC59FA622623788D" box="[1006,1061,1413,1435]" captionStart="FIGURES 7–16" captionStartId="9.[151,264,1907,1931]" captionTargetBox="[153,1436,816,1881]" captionTargetId="figure-297@9.[151,1436,813,1884]" captionTargetPageId="9" captionText="FIGURES 7–16. ♀ of Polistes species. 7–8. P. tenebricosus. 9–10. P. sagittarius. 11–12, 15. P. celebensis. 13–14, 16. P. stigma. 7, 9, 12, 14. Head, frontal view, an arrow in 7 and 9 indicates anterior tentorial pit. 8. First two metasomal segments, lateral view, an arrow indicates basal angle of S1. 10, 11, 13. Habitus, lateral view, 15–16. Hind tarsal claws. Scale line 1 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4304805" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4304805/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="543">
|
||
Fig.
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<quantity id="7E7F9B62FF8BFFA1FBAEFA622623788D" box="[1049,1061,1413,1434]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.286" pageId="2" pageNumber="543" unit="in" value="9.0">9</quantity>
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</figureCitation>
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in van der
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="DD164B76FF8BFFA1FB39FA622705788C" author="Vecht, J. van der" box="[1166,1283,1413,1435]" pageId="2" pageNumber="543" pagination="103 - 190" refId="ref21846" refString="Vecht, J. van der (1941) The Indo-Australian species of the genus Ropalidia (= Icaria) (Hymenoptera, Vespidae) (first part). Treubia, 18, 103 - 190." type="journal article" year="1941">Vecht, 1941</bibRefCitation>
|
||
). Body coarsely punctate, clypeus with scattered punctures.........................................
|
||
<taxonomicName id="7E874D04FF8BFFA1FBC5FA45279A78AF" ID-CoL="4TBZX" authority="(Smith, 1858)" baseAuthorityName="Smith" baseAuthorityYear="1858" box="[1138,1436,1442,1464]" class="Insecta" family="Vespidae" genus="Ropalidia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="543" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="pilosa">
|
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<emphasis id="8BF3EA95FF8BFFA1FBC5FA45271778A0" box="[1138,1297,1442,1463]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="543">Ropalidia pilosa</emphasis>
|
||
(Smith, 1858)
|
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</taxonomicName>
|
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</keyLead>
|
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</paragraph>
|
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<paragraph id="B9383687FF8BFFA1FF20FA27279A7B07" blockId="2.[151,1437,151,2021]" pageId="2" pageNumber="543">
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<keyLead id="027695B2FF8BFFA1FF20FA27279A7B07" pageId="2" pageNumber="543">
|
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- In dorsal view head wider than mesosoma excluding tegulae; female gena as wide as eye in lateral view (
|
||
<figureCitation id="21BC2A02FF8BFFA1FB08FA58270378C1" box="[1215,1285,1471,1494]" captionStart="FIGURES 17–25" captionStartId="13.[151,264,1468,1492]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,525,1444]" captionTargetId="figure-200@13.[151,1436,525,1444]" captionTargetPageId="13" captionText="FIGURES 17–25. ♀ of Ropalidiini species. 17–18. Parapolybia varia. 19. Ropalidia mathematica. 20–21. R. marginata. 22. R. pilosa. 23. R. impetuosa. 24. R. plebeja. 25. R. celebensis. 17, 19–20, 22–24. Habitus, lateral view. 18. Head, frontal view. 21. Posterior part of mesosoma and T1, dorsal view, an arrow indicates paired basal carina of propodeum. 25. Head, mesosoma and T1, lateral view." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4296948" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4296948/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="543">Fig. 20</figureCitation>
|
||
). Apical margin of T2 and S2 without teeth (
|
||
<figureCitation id="21BC2A02FF8BFFA1FE58FA3A203178E4" box="[495,567,1501,1523]" captionStart="FIGURES 17–25" captionStartId="13.[151,264,1468,1492]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,525,1444]" captionTargetId="figure-200@13.[151,1436,525,1444]" captionTargetPageId="13" captionText="FIGURES 17–25. ♀ of Ropalidiini species. 17–18. Parapolybia varia. 19. Ropalidia mathematica. 20–21. R. marginata. 22. R. pilosa. 23. R. impetuosa. 24. R. plebeja. 25. R. celebensis. 17, 19–20, 22–24. Habitus, lateral view. 18. Head, frontal view. 21. Posterior part of mesosoma and T1, dorsal view, an arrow indicates paired basal carina of propodeum. 25. Head, mesosoma and T1, lateral view." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4296948" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4296948/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="543">Fig. 20</figureCitation>
|
||
). Body not strongly punctate, but clypeus densely punctate............................................................................................
|
||
<taxonomicName id="7E874D04FF8BFFA1FB95FA1D279A7B07" ID-CoL="4TBYT" authority="(Lepeletier, 1836)" baseAuthorityName="Lepeletier" baseAuthorityYear="1836" box="[1058,1436,1530,1552]" class="Insecta" family="Vespidae" genus="Ropalidia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="543" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="marginata">
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<emphasis id="8BF3EA95FF8BFFA1FB95FA1D26EC7B07" box="[1058,1258,1530,1552]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="543">Ropalidia marginata</emphasis>
|
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(
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<bibRefCitation id="DD164B76FF8BFFA1FB41FA1D27937B07" author="Lepeletier, A. L. M." box="[1270,1429,1530,1552]" pageId="2" pageNumber="543" refId="ref20400" refString="Lepeletier, A. L. M. (1836) Histoire Naturelle des Insectes. Hymenopteres. Vol. 1. Roret's Suites a Buffon, Paris, 547 pp." type="book" year="1836">Lepeletier, 1836</bibRefCitation>
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)
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</taxonomicName>
|
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</keyLead>
|
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</paragraph>
|
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</keyStep>
|
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<keyStep id="02732E22FF8BFFA1FF20F9FF279A7BB5" pageId="2" pageNumber="543">
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<paragraph id="B9383687FF8BFFA1FF20F9FF279A7B7F" blockId="2.[151,1437,151,2021]" pageId="2" pageNumber="543">
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<keyLead id="027695B2FF8BFFA1FF20F9FF279A7B7F" pageId="2" pageNumber="543">
|
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13. T1 elongate (
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||
<figureCitation id="21BC2A02FF8BFFA1FED5F9F023AC7B39" box="[354,426,1559,1582]" captionStart="FIGURES 17–25" captionStartId="13.[151,264,1468,1492]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,525,1444]" captionTargetId="figure-200@13.[151,1436,525,1444]" captionTargetPageId="13" captionText="FIGURES 17–25. ♀ of Ropalidiini species. 17–18. Parapolybia varia. 19. Ropalidia mathematica. 20–21. R. marginata. 22. R. pilosa. 23. R. impetuosa. 24. R. plebeja. 25. R. celebensis. 17, 19–20, 22–24. Habitus, lateral view. 18. Head, frontal view. 21. Posterior part of mesosoma and T1, dorsal view, an arrow indicates paired basal carina of propodeum. 25. Head, mesosoma and T1, lateral view." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4296948" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4296948/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="543">Fig. 23</figureCitation>
|
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), in dorsal view gradually swollen posteriorly and narrowed near apical margin. Second metasomal seg-ment in lateral view obliquely cut off apically, T2 longer than S2 (
|
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<figureCitation id="21BC2A02FF8BFFA1FCE9F9D221A07B5C" box="[862,934,1589,1611]" captionStart="FIGURES 17–25" captionStartId="13.[151,264,1468,1492]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,525,1444]" captionTargetId="figure-200@13.[151,1436,525,1444]" captionTargetPageId="13" captionText="FIGURES 17–25. ♀ of Ropalidiini species. 17–18. Parapolybia varia. 19. Ropalidia mathematica. 20–21. R. marginata. 22. R. pilosa. 23. R. impetuosa. 24. R. plebeja. 25. R. celebensis. 17, 19–20, 22–24. Habitus, lateral view. 18. Head, frontal view. 21. Posterior part of mesosoma and T1, dorsal view, an arrow indicates paired basal carina of propodeum. 25. Head, mesosoma and T1, lateral view." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4296948" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4296948/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="543">Fig. 23</figureCitation>
|
||
). Male terminal antennal flagellomere bullet-shaped (
|
||
<figureCitation id="21BC2A02FF8BFFA1FF5EF9B523247B70" box="[233,290,1618,1640]" captionStart="FIGURES 1–6" captionStartId="5.[151,264,1163,1187]" captionTargetBox="[154,1432,273,1139]" captionTargetId="figure-57@5.[154,1432,273,1139]" captionTargetPageId="5" captionText="FIGURES 1–6. ♀ of Vespa species. 1. V. tropica. 2–3. V. velutina. 4. V. affinis. 5–6. V. fervida. 1–5. Metasoma (1, 3–5. Lateral view, 2. Dorsal view). 6. Head, frontal view, arrows indicate apical teeth." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4304803" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4304803/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="543">
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Fig.
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</figureCitation>
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in
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<bibRefCitation id="DD164B76FF8BFFA1FEF6F9B523C07B7F" author="Kojima, J." box="[321,454,1618,1640]" pageId="2" pageNumber="543" pagination="51 - 68" refId="ref19795" refString="Kojima, J. (1999) Male genitalia and antennae in an Old-World paper wasp genus Ropalidia Guerin-Meneville, 1831 (Insecta: Hymenoptera; Vespidae, Polistinae). Natural History Bulletin of Ibaraki University, 3, 51 - 68." type="journal article" year="1999">Kojima, 1999</bibRefCitation>
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)...................................................
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<taxonomicName id="7E874D04FF8BFFA1FBFDF9B5279A7B7F" ID-CoL="4TBXP" authority="(Smith, 1860)" baseAuthorityName="Smith" baseAuthorityYear="1860" box="[1098,1436,1618,1640]" class="Insecta" family="Vespidae" genus="Ropalidia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="543" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="impetuosa">
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<emphasis id="8BF3EA95FF8BFFA1FBFDF9B527177B7F" box="[1098,1297,1618,1640]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="543">Ropalidia impetuosa</emphasis>
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(Smith, 1860)
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</taxonomicName>
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</keyLead>
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="B9383687FF8BFFA1FF20F997279A7BB5" blockId="2.[151,1437,151,2021]" pageId="2" pageNumber="543">
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<keyLead id="027695B2FF8BFFA1FF20F997279A7BB5" pageId="2" pageNumber="543">
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- T1 short (
|
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<figureCitation id="21BC2A02FF8BFFA1FE89F98823B47B92" box="[318,434,1647,1669]" captionStart="FIGURES 17–25" captionStartId="13.[151,264,1468,1492]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,525,1444]" captionTargetId="figure-200@13.[151,1436,525,1444]" captionTargetPageId="13" captionText="FIGURES 17–25. ♀ of Ropalidiini species. 17–18. Parapolybia varia. 19. Ropalidia mathematica. 20–21. R. marginata. 22. R. pilosa. 23. R. impetuosa. 24. R. plebeja. 25. R. celebensis. 17, 19–20, 22–24. Habitus, lateral view. 18. Head, frontal view. 21. Posterior part of mesosoma and T1, dorsal view, an arrow indicates paired basal carina of propodeum. 25. Head, mesosoma and T1, lateral view." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4296948" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4296948/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="543">Figs. 24–25</figureCitation>
|
||
), in dorsal view gradually swollen posteriorly toward apical margin. Male terminal antennal flagellomere slightly curved...................................................................................... 14
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</keyLead>
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</paragraph>
|
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</keyStep>
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||
<keyStep id="02732E22FF8BFFA1FF20F94D279A7A22" pageId="2" pageNumber="543">
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<paragraph id="B9383687FF8BFFA1FF20F94D279A7BEC" blockId="2.[151,1437,151,2021]" pageId="2" pageNumber="543">
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<keyLead id="027695B2FF8BFFA1FF20F94D279A7BEC" pageId="2" pageNumber="543">
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14. T1 gradually swollen dorsally from the posterior end of basal slit for the ligament connecting propodeum and T1, then strongly widened laterally as long as less than 1.5 times high (Fig.
|
||
<quantity id="7E7F9B62FF8BFFA1FCB8F92F21467BCA" box="[783,832,1735,1757]" metricMagnitude="0" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.0922" pageId="2" pageNumber="543" unit="in" value="43.0">43 in</quantity>
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van der
|
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<bibRefCitation id="DD164B76FF8BFFA1FC24F920260E7BC9" author="Vecht, J. van der" box="[915,1032,1735,1758]" pageId="2" pageNumber="543" pagination="103 - 190" refId="ref21846" refString="Vecht, J. van der (1941) The Indo-Australian species of the genus Ropalidia (= Icaria) (Hymenoptera, Vespidae) (first part). Treubia, 18, 103 - 190." type="journal article" year="1941">Vecht, 1941</bibRefCitation>
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||
). Median excavation of propodeum rather shallow.............................................................
|
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<taxonomicName id="7E874D04FF8BFFA1FBA3F902279A7BEC" ID-CoL="78WC8" authority="(Fabricius, 1804)" baseAuthorityName="Fabricius" baseAuthorityYear="1804" box="[1044,1436,1765,1787]" class="Insecta" family="Vespidae" genus="Ropalidia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="543" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="cyathiformis">
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<emphasis id="8BF3EA95FF8BFFA1FBA3F90226F77BED" box="[1044,1265,1765,1786]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="543">Ropalidia cyathiformis</emphasis>
|
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(
|
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<bibRefCitation id="DD164B76FF8BFFA1FB4AF90227937BEC" author="Fabricius, J. C. F." box="[1277,1429,1765,1787]" pageId="2" pageNumber="543" refId="ref19509" refString="Fabricius, J. C. F. (1804) Systema Piezatorum secundum Ordines, Genera, Species adiectis Synonymis, Locis, Observationibus, Descriptionibus. Arud Carolum Reichard, Brunsvigae, 439 pp. https: // doi. org / 10.5962 / bhl. title. 10490" type="book" year="1804">Fabricius, 1804</bibRefCitation>
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)
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</taxonomicName>
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</keyLead>
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="B9383687FF8BFFA1FF20F8E4279A7A22" blockId="2.[151,1437,151,2021]" pageId="2" pageNumber="543">
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<keyLead id="027695B2FF8BFFA1FF20F8E4279A7A22" pageId="2" pageNumber="543">
|
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- T1 barely petiolate basally, in lateral view abruptly swollen dorsally at the posterior end of basal slit to receive propodeal liga-ment (
|
||
<figureCitation id="21BC2A02FF8BFFA1FEA8F8F823937A22" box="[287,405,1823,1845]" captionStart="FIGURES 17–25" captionStartId="13.[151,264,1468,1492]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,525,1444]" captionTargetId="figure-200@13.[151,1436,525,1444]" captionTargetPageId="13" captionText="FIGURES 17–25. ♀ of Ropalidiini species. 17–18. Parapolybia varia. 19. Ropalidia mathematica. 20–21. R. marginata. 22. R. pilosa. 23. R. impetuosa. 24. R. plebeja. 25. R. celebensis. 17, 19–20, 22–24. Habitus, lateral view. 18. Head, frontal view. 21. Posterior part of mesosoma and T1, dorsal view, an arrow indicates paired basal carina of propodeum. 25. Head, mesosoma and T1, lateral view." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4296948" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4296948/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="543">Figs. 24–25</figureCitation>
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). Median excavation of propodeum rather wide and deep................ 15,
|
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<taxonomicName id="7E874D04FF8BFFA1FB04F8F827597A23" ID-CoL="4TBZY" baseAuthorityName="de Saussure" baseAuthorityYear="1862" box="[1203,1375,1823,1844]" class="Insecta" family="Vespidae" genus="Ropalidia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="543" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="plebeja">
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<emphasis id="8BF3EA95FF8BFFA1FB04F8F827597A23" box="[1203,1375,1823,1844]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="543">Ropalidia plebeja</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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group
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</keyLead>
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</paragraph>
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</keyStep>
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<paragraph id="B9383687FF8BFFA1FF20F8DA279A7ADF" blockId="2.[151,1437,151,2021]" pageId="2" pageNumber="543">
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<keyStep id="02732E22FF8BFFA1FF20F8DA279A7ADF" pageId="2" pageNumber="543">
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15. T
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lateral view strongly swollen dorsally just behind basal slit to receive propodeal ligament, with dorsal surface relatively broadly curved down toward posterior margin from its highest point, in dorsal view distinctly narrowing posteriorly near pos-terior margin (
|
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<figureCitation id="21BC2A02FF8BFFA1FEDBF89023B27A9A" box="[364,436,1911,1933]" captionStart="FIGURES 17–25" captionStartId="13.[151,264,1468,1492]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,525,1444]" captionTargetId="figure-200@13.[151,1436,525,1444]" captionTargetPageId="13" captionText="FIGURES 17–25. ♀ of Ropalidiini species. 17–18. Parapolybia varia. 19. Ropalidia mathematica. 20–21. R. marginata. 22. R. pilosa. 23. R. impetuosa. 24. R. plebeja. 25. R. celebensis. 17, 19–20, 22–24. Habitus, lateral view. 18. Head, frontal view. 21. Posterior part of mesosoma and T1, dorsal view, an arrow indicates paired basal carina of propodeum. 25. Head, mesosoma and T1, lateral view." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4296948" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4296948/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="543">Fig. 24</figureCitation>
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;
|
||
<figureCitation id="21BC2A02FF8BFFA1FE09F89020117A9A" box="[446,535,1911,1933]" captionStart="FIGURES 7–16" captionStartId="9.[151,264,1907,1931]" captionTargetBox="[153,1436,816,1881]" captionTargetId="figure-297@9.[151,1436,813,1884]" captionTargetPageId="9" captionText="FIGURES 7–16. ♀ of Polistes species. 7–8. P. tenebricosus. 9–10. P. sagittarius. 11–12, 15. P. celebensis. 13–14, 16. P. stigma. 7, 9, 12, 14. Head, frontal view, an arrow in 7 and 9 indicates anterior tentorial pit. 8. First two metasomal segments, lateral view, an arrow indicates basal angle of S1. 10, 11, 13. Habitus, lateral view, 15–16. Hind tarsal claws. Scale line 1 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4304805" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4304805/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="543">
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Figs.
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in
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<bibRefCitation id="DD164B76FF8BFFA1FD81F89020F27A99" author="Kojima, J. & Hartini, S. & Kahono, S. & Fujiyama, N. & Katakura, H." box="[566,756,1911,1934]" pageId="2" pageNumber="543" pagination="1 - 28" refId="ref20029" refString="Kojima, J., Hartini, S., Kahono, S., Fujiyama, N. & Katakura, H. (2002) Male, mature larva, and nests of Ropalidia plebeja, a nearly solitary paper wasp endemic to Sulawesi (Insecta: Hymenoptera: Vespidae), with taxonomic notes on the R. plebeja group. Species Diversity, 7, 1 - 28. https: // doi. org / 10.12782 / specdiv. 7.1" type="journal article" year="2002">
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Kojima
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<emphasis id="8BF3EA95FF8BFFA1FD33F89F20A87A9B" box="[644,686,1911,1933]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="543">et al</emphasis>
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., 2002
|
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</bibRefCitation>
|
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). In female, POD less than 3 times Od (
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<figureCitation id="21BC2A02FF8BFFA1FBC7F89026B37A9A" box="[1136,1205,1911,1933]" captionStart="FIGURES 7–16" captionStartId="9.[151,264,1907,1931]" captionTargetBox="[153,1436,816,1881]" captionTargetId="figure-297@9.[151,1436,813,1884]" captionTargetPageId="9" captionText="FIGURES 7–16. ♀ of Polistes species. 7–8. P. tenebricosus. 9–10. P. sagittarius. 11–12, 15. P. celebensis. 13–14, 16. P. stigma. 7, 9, 12, 14. Head, frontal view, an arrow in 7 and 9 indicates anterior tentorial pit. 8. First two metasomal segments, lateral view, an arrow indicates basal angle of S1. 10, 11, 13. Habitus, lateral view, 15–16. Hind tarsal claws. Scale line 1 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4304805" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4304805/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="543">
|
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Fig.
|
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</figureCitation>
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in
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<bibRefCitation id="DD164B76FF8BFFA1FB63F89027947A99" author="Kojima, J. & Hartini, S. & Kahono, S. & Fujiyama, N. & Katakura, H." box="[1236,1426,1911,1934]" pageId="2" pageNumber="543" pagination="1 - 28" refId="ref20029" refString="Kojima, J., Hartini, S., Kahono, S., Fujiyama, N. & Katakura, H. (2002) Male, mature larva, and nests of Ropalidia plebeja, a nearly solitary paper wasp endemic to Sulawesi (Insecta: Hymenoptera: Vespidae), with taxonomic notes on the R. plebeja group. Species Diversity, 7, 1 - 28. https: // doi. org / 10.12782 / specdiv. 7.1" type="journal article" year="2002">
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Kojima
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<emphasis id="8BF3EA95FF8BFFA1FA95F89F274A7A9B" box="[1314,1356,1911,1933]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="543">et al</emphasis>
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., 2002
|
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</bibRefCitation>
|
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); gena in lateral view less than 0.9 times as wide as eye (
|
||
<figureCitation id="21BC2A02FF8BFFA1FD44F872213D7ABD" box="[755,827,1941,1963]" captionStart="FIGURES 17–25" captionStartId="13.[151,264,1468,1492]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,525,1444]" captionTargetId="figure-200@13.[151,1436,525,1444]" captionTargetPageId="13" captionText="FIGURES 17–25. ♀ of Ropalidiini species. 17–18. Parapolybia varia. 19. Ropalidia mathematica. 20–21. R. marginata. 22. R. pilosa. 23. R. impetuosa. 24. R. plebeja. 25. R. celebensis. 17, 19–20, 22–24. Habitus, lateral view. 18. Head, frontal view. 21. Posterior part of mesosoma and T1, dorsal view, an arrow indicates paired basal carina of propodeum. 25. Head, mesosoma and T1, lateral view." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4296948" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4296948/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="543">Fig. 24</figureCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<figureCitation id="21BC2A02FF8BFFA1FCF3F872217A7ABD" box="[836,892,1941,1963]" captionStart="FIGURES 1–6" captionStartId="5.[151,264,1163,1187]" captionTargetBox="[154,1432,273,1139]" captionTargetId="figure-57@5.[154,1432,273,1139]" captionTargetPageId="5" captionText="FIGURES 1–6. ♀ of Vespa species. 1. V. tropica. 2–3. V. velutina. 4. V. affinis. 5–6. V. fervida. 1–5. Metasoma (1, 3–5. Lateral view, 2. Dorsal view). 6. Head, frontal view, arrows indicate apical teeth." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4304803" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4304803/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="543">
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Fig.
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</figureCitation>
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in
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Kojima
|
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<emphasis id="8BF3EA95FF8BFFA1FC5EF87226157ABD" box="[1001,1043,1941,1962]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="543">et al</emphasis>
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., 2002
|
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</bibRefCitation>
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)...............................................................................................
|
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<taxonomicName id="7E874D04FF8BFFA1FB9AF855279A7ADF" ID-CoL="4TBZY" authority="(de Saussure, 1862)" baseAuthorityName="de Saussure" baseAuthorityYear="1862" box="[1069,1436,1970,1992]" class="Insecta" family="Vespidae" genus="Ropalidia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="543" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="plebeja">
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<emphasis id="8BF3EA95FF8BFFA1FB9AF85526DF7AD0" box="[1069,1241,1970,1991]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="543">Ropalidia plebeja</emphasis>
|
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(de
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="DD164B76FF8BFFA1FAB4F85527937ADF" author="Saussure, H. de" box="[1283,1429,1970,1992]" pageId="2" pageNumber="543" pagination="138" refId="ref21471" refString="Saussure, H. de (1862) Sur divers vespides Asiatiques et Africains du Musee de Leyden. Entomologische Zeitung, 23, 138." type="journal article" year="1862">Saussure, 1862</bibRefCitation>
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)
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</taxonomicName>
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</keyStep>
|
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</keyLead>
|
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</paragraph>
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- T
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lateral view less strongly swollen dorsally at posterior margin, with dorsal face broadly and weakly curving down toward posterior margin from its highest point, in dorsal view barely narrowing posteriorly (
|
||
<figureCitation id="21BC2A02FF8AFFA0FB9FFF7026747DBA" box="[1064,1138,151,173]" captionStart="FIGURES 17–25" captionStartId="13.[151,264,1468,1492]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,525,1444]" captionTargetId="figure-200@13.[151,1436,525,1444]" captionTargetPageId="13" captionText="FIGURES 17–25. ♀ of Ropalidiini species. 17–18. Parapolybia varia. 19. Ropalidia mathematica. 20–21. R. marginata. 22. R. pilosa. 23. R. impetuosa. 24. R. plebeja. 25. R. celebensis. 17, 19–20, 22–24. Habitus, lateral view. 18. Head, frontal view. 21. Posterior part of mesosoma and T1, dorsal view, an arrow indicates paired basal carina of propodeum. 25. Head, mesosoma and T1, lateral view." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4296948" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4296948/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="544">Fig. 25</figureCitation>
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; Figs.
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Kojima
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.,
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2002). In female, POD more than 3 times Od (Fig.
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Kojima
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., 2002
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); gena in lateral view nearly as wide as eye (
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<figureCitation id="21BC2A02FF8AFFA0FAC2FF52279B7DDC" box="[1397,1437,181,203]" captionStart="FIGURES 17–25" captionStartId="13.[151,264,1468,1492]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,525,1444]" captionTargetId="figure-200@13.[151,1436,525,1444]" captionTargetPageId="13" captionText="FIGURES 17–25. ♀ of Ropalidiini species. 17–18. Parapolybia varia. 19. Ropalidia mathematica. 20–21. R. marginata. 22. R. pilosa. 23. R. impetuosa. 24. R. plebeja. 25. R. celebensis. 17, 19–20, 22–24. Habitus, lateral view. 18. Head, frontal view. 21. Posterior part of mesosoma and T1, dorsal view, an arrow indicates paired basal carina of propodeum. 25. Head, mesosoma and T1, lateral view." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4296948" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4296948/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="544">Fig.</figureCitation>
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25; Fig.
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Kojima
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<emphasis id="8BF3EA95FF8AFFA0FE00FF3423E47DF0" box="[439,482,210,232]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="544">et al</emphasis>
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., 2002
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</bibRefCitation>
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).....................................
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<taxonomicName id="7E874D04FF8AFFA0FC48FF35279A7DFF" ID-CoL="78WBW" authority="(van der Vecht, 1941)" baseAuthorityName="van der Vecht" baseAuthorityYear="1941" box="[1023,1436,210,232]" class="Insecta" family="Vespidae" genus="Ropalidia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="544" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="celebensis">
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||
<emphasis id="8BF3EA95FF8AFFA0FC48FF3526C17DF0" box="[1023,1223,210,231]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="544">Ropalidia celebensis</emphasis>
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(van der
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||
<bibRefCitation id="DD164B76FF8AFFA0FA95FF3527937DFF" author="Vecht, J. van der" box="[1314,1429,210,232]" pageId="3" pageNumber="544" pagination="103 - 190" refId="ref21846" refString="Vecht, J. van der (1941) The Indo-Australian species of the genus Ropalidia (= Icaria) (Hymenoptera, Vespidae) (first part). Treubia, 18, 103 - 190." type="journal article" year="1941">Vecht, 1941</bibRefCitation>
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)
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</taxonomicName>
|
||
</keyLead>
|
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</keyStep>
|
||
</paragraph>
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||
</key>
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</subSubSection>
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</treatment>
|
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</subSection>
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</document> |