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138 lines
14 KiB
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<document ID-DOI="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.17.3114" ID-PMC="PMC3519353" ID-Pensoft-Pub="1314-2003-17-41" ID-Pensoft-UUID="601CFFEEFFD1B81030184829FFAAFFA8" ID-PubMed="23233817" ID-Zenodo-Dep="576140" ModsDocID="1314-2003-17-41" checkinTime="1451251972908" checkinUser="pensoft" docAuthor="Sosef, Marc S. M. & Dauby, Gilles" docDate="2012" docId="216CDF375A3E57358A601CC9981CB398" docLanguage="en" docName="PhytoKeys 17: 41-62" docOrigin="PhytoKeys 17" docPubDate="2012-10-24" docSource="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.17.3114" docTitle="Garcinia quadrifaria var. chromocarpa (Engl.) Sosef & Dauby 2012, comb. nov." docType="treatment" docVersion="3" id="601CFFEEFFD1B81030184829FFAAFFA8" lastPageNumber="43" masterDocId="601CFFEEFFD1B81030184829FFAAFFA8" masterDocTitle="Contribution to the taxonomy of Garcinia (Clusiaceae) in Africa, including two new species from Gabon and a key to the Lower Guinean species" masterLastPageNumber="62" masterPageNumber="41" pageNumber="43" updateTime="1668140254884" updateUser="ExternalLinkService">
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<mods:mods xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
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<mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:title>Contribution to the taxonomy of Garcinia (Clusiaceae) in Africa, including two new species from Gabon and a key to the Lower Guinean species</mods:title>
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</mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart>Sosef, Marc S. M.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation>Naturalis Biodiversity Center (section NHN), Wageningen University, Generaal Foulkesweg 37, 6703 BL Wageningen, The Netherlands & Biosystematics group, Wageningen University, The Netherlands</mods:affiliation>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart>Dauby, Gilles</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation>Laboratoire d'Evolution Biologique et Ecologie, Faculte des Sciences, Universite Libre de Bruxelles, CP 160 / 12, Av. F. D. Roosevelt 50, 1050 Bruxelles, Belgique</mods:affiliation>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:typeOfResource>text</mods:typeOfResource>
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<mods:relatedItem type="host">
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<mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:title>PhytoKeys</mods:title>
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</mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:part>
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<mods:date>2012</mods:date>
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<mods:detail type="pubDate">
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<mods:number>2012-10-24</mods:number>
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</mods:detail>
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<mods:detail type="volume">
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<mods:number>17</mods:number>
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</mods:detail>
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<mods:extent unit="page">
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<mods:start>41</mods:start>
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<mods:end>62</mods:end>
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</mods:extent>
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</mods:part>
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</mods:relatedItem>
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<mods:location>
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<mods:url>http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.17.3114</mods:url>
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</mods:location>
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<mods:classification>journal article</mods:classification>
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<mods:identifier type="DOI">http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.17.3114</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier type="Pensoft-Pub">1314-2003-17-41</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier type="Pensoft-UUID">601CFFEEFFD1B81030184829FFAAFFA8</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier type="Zenodo-Dep">576140</mods:identifier>
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</mods:mods>
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<treatment ID-GBIF-Taxon="182229242" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:216CDF375A3E57358A601CC9981CB398" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/216CDF375A3E57358A601CC9981CB398" lastPageNumber="43" pageId="2" pageNumber="43">
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<subSubSection pageId="2" pageNumber="43" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph pageId="2" pageNumber="43">
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<taxonomicName LSID="216CDF37-5A3E-5735-8A60-1CC9981CB398" authority="(Engl.) Sosef & Dauby" authorityName="(Engl.) Sosef & Dauby" authorityYear="2012" baseAuthorityName="Engl." class="Dicotyledoneae" family="Clusiaceae" genus="Garcinia" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Garcinia quadrifaria var. chromocarpa" order="Guttiferales" pageId="2" pageNumber="43" phylum="Angiospermae" rank="variety" species="quadrifaria" status="comb. nov." variety="chromocarpa">Garcinia quadrifaria chromocarpa (Engl.) Sosef & Dauby</taxonomicName>
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<taxonomicNameLabel pageId="2" pageNumber="43">comb. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="2" pageNumber="43" type="reference_group">
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<paragraph pageId="2" pageNumber="43">
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<taxonomicName authorityName="Sosef & Dauby" authorityYear="2012" baseAuthorityName="Sosef & Dauby" baseAuthorityYear="2012" class="Dicotyledoneae" family="Clusiaceae" genus="Garcinia" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="" order="Guttiferales" pageId="2" pageNumber="43" phylum="Angiospermae" rank="species" species="chromocarpa" status="comb. nov.">Garcinia chromocarpa</taxonomicName>
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Engl., Bot. Jahrb. Syst. 40: 561 (1908). [Basionym]
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="2" pageNumber="43">
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<taxonomicName authorityName="Sosef & Dauby" authorityYear="2012" baseAuthorityName="Sosef & Dauby" baseAuthorityYear="2012" class="Dicotyledoneae" family="Clusiaceae" genus="Garcinia" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="" order="Guttiferales" pageId="2" pageNumber="43" phylum="Angiospermae" rank="species" species="echirensis" status="comb. nov.">Garcinia echirensis</taxonomicName>
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Pellegr., Bull. Soc. Bot. France 106: 225 (1959). [Heterotypic synonym]
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="2" pageNumber="43">
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<taxonomicName authorityName="Sosef & Dauby" authorityYear="2012" baseAuthorityName="Sosef & Dauby" baseAuthorityYear="2012" class="Dicotyledoneae" family="Clusiaceae" genus="Garcinia" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="" order="Guttiferales" pageId="2" pageNumber="43" phylum="Angiospermae" rank="species" species="parva" status="comb. nov.">Garcinia parva</taxonomicName>
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Spirlet, Bull. Jard. Bot.
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<normalizedToken originalValue="État">Etat</normalizedToken>
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Bruxelles 29: 326 (1959). [Heterotypic synonym]
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="2" pageNumber="43" type="notes">
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<paragraph pageId="2" pageNumber="43">
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Subsequently, we have studied the West-African species
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<taxonomicName authorityName="Hutch & Dalz" authorityYear="1928" class="Dicotyledoneae" family="Clusiaceae" genus="Garcinia" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="" order="Guttiferales" pageId="2" pageNumber="43" phylum="Angiospermae" rank="species" species="gnetoides">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="43">Garcinia gnetoides</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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Hutch. & Dalziel. The type material at K, Chevalier 15157, consists of a plant carrying terminal inflorescences with a dense mass of many racemes composed of a short rachis with closely set bracts which are glabrous. In
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<taxonomicName class="Dicotyledoneae" family="Clusiaceae" genus="Garcinia" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="" order="Guttiferales" pageId="2" pageNumber="43" phylum="Angiospermae" rank="species" species="quadrifaria">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="43">Garcinia quadrifaria</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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each raceme normally appears solitary. An old note attached to the type already states it might well be a galled inflorescence, because a larva was observed inside. Hutchinson and Dalziel are well aware of its potentially diseased nature which shows from their remark in the Flora of West tropical Africa (
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<bibRefCitation author="Hutchinson, J" journalOrPublisher="Acta Botanica Gallica" pageId="11" pageNumber="52" refId="B24" refString="Hutchinson, J, Dalziel, JM, 1927. Flora of West tropical Africa, vol. 1 part 1. The Crown Agents for the Colonies, London, 1-523." title="Flora of West tropical Africa, vol. 1 part 1. The Crown Agents for the Colonies, London, 1 - 523." year="1927">Hutchinson and Dalziel 1927</bibRefCitation>
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). However, in their more elaborate 1928 publication they do not mention the galled inflorescence. They cite two other specimens apart from the type (Chevalier 15620 and Vigne 222) and these have normal, solitary racemes. Besides that, they cite
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<taxonomicName authorityName="Oliv" authorityYear="1868" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Clusiaceae" genus="Xanthochymus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="" order="Malpighiales" pageId="2" pageNumber="43" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="quadrifarius">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="43">Xanthochymus quadrifarius</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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A.Chev. non Oliv. as belonging here. So, they were aware of the fact that this plant had some relation to that species, transferred to
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<taxonomicName class="Dicotyledoneae" family="Clusiaceae" genus="Garcinia" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="" order="Guttiferales" pageId="2" pageNumber="43" phylum="Angiospermae" rank="genus">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="43">Garcinia</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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by Pierre in 1883 (see above). Their plants had no fruits. In the same 1928 publication they describe another new species,
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<taxonomicName authorityName="Hutch & Dalz" authorityYear="1928" class="Dicotyledoneae" family="Clusiaceae" genus="Garcinia" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="" order="Guttiferales" pageId="2" pageNumber="43" phylum="Angiospermae" rank="species" species="granulata">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="43">Garcinia granulata</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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, citing a single specimen, Unwin & Smythe 58, that bears only fruits which are verrucose and glabrous.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="2" pageNumber="43">
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After careful examination of all material at hand, we cannot conclude otherwise than that both
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<taxonomicName authorityName="Hutch & Dalz" authorityYear="1928" class="Dicotyledoneae" family="Clusiaceae" genus="Garcinia" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="" order="Guttiferales" pageId="2" pageNumber="43" phylum="Angiospermae" rank="species" species="gnetoides">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="43">Garcinia gnetoides</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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and
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<taxonomicName authorityName="Hutch & Dalz" authorityYear="1928" class="Dicotyledoneae" family="Clusiaceae" genus="Garcinia" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="" order="Guttiferales" pageId="2" pageNumber="43" phylum="Angiospermae" rank="species" species="granulata">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="43">Garcinia granulata</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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represent the same species known to us as
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<taxonomicName class="Dicotyledoneae" family="Clusiaceae" genus="Garcinia" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="" order="Guttiferales" pageId="2" pageNumber="43" phylum="Angiospermae" rank="species" species="quadrifaria">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="43">Garcinia quadrifaria</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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and thus are synonyms of the latter. The fact that the first two are in fact synonymous was already concluded by
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<bibRefCitation author="Hawthorne, WD" journalOrPublisher="Acta Botanica Gallica" pageId="11" pageNumber="52" refId="B23" refString="Hawthorne, WD, Jongkind, CCH, 2006. Woody plants of western African forests. A guide to the forest trees, shrubs and lianes from Senegal to Ghana. Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew, 1-1023." title="Woody plants of western African forests. A guide to the forest trees, shrubs and lianes from Senegal to Ghana. Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew, 1 - 1023." year="2006">Hawthorne and Jongkind (2006)</bibRefCitation>
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.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="2" pageNumber="43">
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Some sources cite the publication of the names
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<taxonomicName authorityName="Hutch & Dalz" authorityYear="1928" class="Dicotyledoneae" family="Clusiaceae" genus="Garcinia" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="" order="Guttiferales" pageId="2" pageNumber="43" phylum="Angiospermae" rank="species" species="gnetoides">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="43">Garcinia gnetoides</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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and
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<taxonomicName authorityName="Hutch & Dalz" authorityYear="1928" class="Dicotyledoneae" family="Clusiaceae" genus="Garcinia" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="" order="Guttiferales" pageId="2" pageNumber="43" phylum="Angiospermae" rank="species" species="granulata">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="43">Garcinia granulata</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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in Kew Bulletin (
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<bibRefCitation author="Hutchinson, J" journalOrPublisher="Bulletin of miscellaneous information / Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew" pageId="11" pageNumber="52" pagination="211 - 229" publicationUrl="10.2307/4107692" refId="B25" refString="Hutchinson, J, Dalziel, JM, 1928. Tropical African plants: III. Bulletin of miscellaneous information /Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew 1928: 211 - 229, 10.2307/4107692" title="Tropical African plants: III." url="10.2307/4107692" volume="1928" year="1928">Hutchinson and Dalziel 1928</bibRefCitation>
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) as the place of valid publication, and not that of one year earlier in the Flora of West tropical Africa (
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<bibRefCitation author="Hutchinson, J" journalOrPublisher="Acta Botanica Gallica" pageId="11" pageNumber="52" refId="B24" refString="Hutchinson, J, Dalziel, JM, 1927. Flora of West tropical Africa, vol. 1 part 1. The Crown Agents for the Colonies, London, 1-523." title="Flora of West tropical Africa, vol. 1 part 1. The Crown Agents for the Colonies, London, 1 - 523." year="1927">Hutchinson and Dalziel 1927</bibRefCitation>
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). In the latter publication the authors indeed seem to indicate the names will be formally published later on by adding
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<normalizedToken originalValue="“ined.”">"ined."</normalizedToken>
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, meaning
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="43">ineditus</emphasis>
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(unpublished), behind "Kew Bull.". However, this does not render their 1927 publication invalid. Article 34.1b of the Code (
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<bibRefCitation author="McNeil, J" journalOrPublisher="Regnum Vegetabile" pageId="11" pageNumber="52" pagination="1 - 568" refId="B33" refString="McNeil, J, Barrie, F, Budet, HM, Demoulin, V, Hawksworth, DL, 2006. International Code of botanical nomenclature (Vienna Code) - Adopted by the Seventeenth International Botanical Congress Vienna. Regnum Vegetabile 146: 1 - 568" title="International Code of botanical nomenclature (Vienna Code) - Adopted by the Seventeenth International Botanical Congress Vienna." volume="146" year="2006">McNeil et al. 2006</bibRefCitation>
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) does not apply, because they do accept the taxa.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="2" pageNumber="43">So, in conclusion, the new situation is as follows:</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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</treatment>
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</document> |