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<mods:title id="65A9985DBAD46C5DF254E901EED301CD">Revision of Australian Brachysandalus with the description of nine new species including one cavernicolous species (Hemiptera: Heteroptera: Reduviidae), and observations on male extragenital structure and leg teratology</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="E547328F83A572878D8E42A449A6E314">Liu, Yingqi</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="028950814A9FB44BFC5245BB7CEB45B2">Agriculture Victoria, AgriBio, 5 Ring Road, Bundoora, Victoria 3083, Australia malipatil @ bigpond. com; https: // orcid. org / 0000 - 0002 - 3088 - 1035 &amp; Department of Entomology and MOA Key Lab of Pest Monitoring and Green Management, College of Plant Protection, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China yingqiliu 0720 @ 163. com; https: // orcid. org / 0000 - 0003 - 0881 - 9670 caiwz @ cau. edu. cn; https: // orcid. org / 0000 - 0002 - 8620 - 0446 * Corresponding authors</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:affiliation id="DB78B7AA6DA2E53F55A657EA90BFCD0E">Agriculture Victoria, AgriBio, 5 Ring Road, Bundoora, Victoria 3083, Australia malipatil @ bigpond. com; https: // orcid. org / 0000 - 0002 - 3088 - 1035 &amp; Department of Entomology and MOA Key Lab of Pest Monitoring and Green Management, College of Plant Protection, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China yingqiliu 0720 @ 163. com; https: // orcid. org / 0000 - 0003 - 0881 - 9670 caiwz @ cau. edu. cn; https: // orcid. org / 0000 - 0002 - 8620 - 0446 * Corresponding authors &amp; Agriculture Victoria, AgriBio, 5 Ring Road, Bundoora, Victoria 3083, Australia malipatil @ bigpond. com; https: // orcid. org / 0000 - 0002 - 3088 - 1035</mods:affiliation>
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<paragraph id="821F36ACFFF3FFF1D69CFE55B508DEA5" blockId="5.[151,564,401,429]" box="[151,564,401,429]" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">
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Genus 
<taxonomicName id="45A04D2FFFF3FFF1D6E5FE55B508DEA5" ID-CoL="3CJY" authority="Stal, 1867" authorityName="Stal" authorityYear="1867" box="[238,564,401,429]" class="Insecta" family="Reduviidae" genus="Brachysandalus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B0D4EABEFFF3FFF1D6E5FE55B68EDEA4" bold="true" box="[238,434,402,429]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">Brachysandalus</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="E6314B5DFFF3FFF1D7B2FE56B508DEA5" author="Stal, C." box="[441,564,401,428]" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" pagination="235 - 302" refId="ref72943" refString="Stal, C. (1867) Bidrag till Reduviidernas kannendom. Ofversigt af Kongl. Vetenskaps-Akademiens Forhandlingar, 23, 235 - 302. https: // doi. org / 10.5962 / bhl. title. 61897" type="journal article" year="1867">Stål, 1867</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
</emphasis>
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<paragraph id="821F36ACFFF3FFF1D69CFE10B412DEE6" blockId="5.[151,1437,471,618]" box="[151,814,471,495]" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">
<taxonomicName id="45A04D2FFFF3FFF1D69CFE10B6E4DEE6" authority="Stal, 1867: 260" authorityName="Stal" authorityPageNumber="260" authorityYear="1867" box="[151,472,471,495]" class="Insecta" family="Reduviidae" genus="Brachysandalus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B0D4EABEFFF3FFF1D69CFE10B606DEE6" box="[151,314,471,495]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">Brachysandalus</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="E6314B5DFFF3FFF1D734FE10B6E4DEE6" author="Stal, C." box="[319,472,471,495]" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" pagination="235 - 302" refId="ref72943" refString="Stal, C. (1867) Bidrag till Reduviidernas kannendom. Ofversigt af Kongl. Vetenskaps-Akademiens Forhandlingar, 23, 235 - 302. https: // doi. org / 10.5962 / bhl. title. 61897" type="journal article" year="1867">Stål, 1867: 260</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
; Maldonado Capriles (1990: 345).
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<paragraph id="821F36ACFFF3FFF1D53AFE1FB525DD07" blockId="5.[151,1437,471,618]" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">
<typeStatus id="5D1B880EFFF3FFF1D53AFE1FB45FDEF9" box="[817,867,472,496]" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">Type</typeStatus>
species: 
<taxonomicName id="45A04D2FFFF3FFF1D5B6FE10B239DEE6" authority="Stal, 1867" authorityName="Stal" authorityYear="1867" box="[957,1285,471,495]" class="Insecta" family="Reduviidae" genus="Brachysandalus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="lurco">
<emphasis id="B0D4EABEFFF3FFF1D5B6FE10B3A6DEE6" box="[957,1178,471,495]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">Brachysandalus lurco</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="E6314B5DFFF3FFF1D295FE10B239DEE6" author="Stal, C." box="[1182,1285,471,495]" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" pagination="235 - 302" refId="ref72943" refString="Stal, C. (1867) Bidrag till Reduviidernas kannendom. Ofversigt af Kongl. Vetenskaps-Akademiens Forhandlingar, 23, 235 - 302. https: // doi. org / 10.5962 / bhl. title. 61897" type="journal article" year="1867">Stål, 1867</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
, by subsequent designation (
<bibRefCitation id="E6314B5DFFF3FFF1D742FE31B531DD07" author="Jeannel, R." box="[329,525,502,526]" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" pagination="133 - 313" refId="ref72247" refString="Jeannel, R. (1919) Voyage de Ch. Alluaud et R. Jeannel en Afrique Orientale (1911 - 1912). Resultats scientifiques. Insectes Hemipteres. III. Henicocephalidae et Reduviidae. Leon Lhomme, Paris, pp. 133 - 313, pl. h. t., 5 - 12." type="book chapter" year="1919">Jeannel, 1919: 253</bibRefCitation>
).
</paragraph>
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<subSubSection id="CABA6527FFF3FFF1D69CFDD3B5D2DD45" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" type="reference_group">
<paragraph id="821F36ACFFF3FFF1D69CFDD3B5EBDD25" blockId="5.[151,1437,471,618]" box="[151,727,532,557]" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">
<taxonomicName id="45A04D2FFFF3FFF1D69CFDD3B606DD25" authorityName="Stal" authorityYear="1867" box="[151,314,532,556]" class="Insecta" family="Reduviidae" genus="Brachysandalus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B0D4EABEFFF3FFF1D69CFDD3B606DD25" box="[151,314,532,556]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">Brachysandalus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
: 
<bibRefCitation id="E6314B5DFFF3FFF1D743FDD3B6DEDD25" author="Stal, C." box="[328,482,532,557]" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" pagination="1 - 186" refId="ref72982" refString="Stal, C. (1874) Enumeratio Hemipterorum. Bidrag till en forteckning ofver alla hittills kanda Hemiptera, jemte systematiska meddelanden. 4. Kongliga Svenska Vetenskaps-Akademiens Handlingar, 12 (1), 1 - 186." type="journal article" year="1874">Stål (1874: 59)</bibRefCitation>
, as subgenus of 
<taxonomicName id="45A04D2FFFF3FFF1D483FDD2B5EDDD25" authority="Serville, 1831" box="[648,721,533,556]" class="Insecta" family="Reduviidae" genus="Pirates" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B0D4EABEFFF3FFF1D483FDD2B5EDDD25" box="[648,721,533,556]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">Pirates</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="821F36ACFFF3FFF1D69CFDF4B5D2DD45" blockId="5.[151,1437,471,618]" box="[151,750,563,588]" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">
<taxonomicName id="45A04D2FFFF3FFF1D69CFDF4B606DD42" authorityName="Stal" authorityYear="1867" box="[151,314,563,587]" class="Insecta" family="Reduviidae" genus="Brachysandalus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B0D4EABEFFF3FFF1D69CFDF4B606DD42" box="[151,314,563,587]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">Brachysandalus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
: 
<bibRefCitation id="E6314B5DFFF3FFF1D74CFDF4B521DD42" author="Villiers, A." box="[327,541,563,587]" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" pagination="1169 - 1187" refId="ref73170" refString="Villiers, A. (1968) Hemipteres Reduviidae et Pachynomidae de la region du Tchad. Bulletin de l'Institut Fondamental d'Afrique Noire, 30, 1169 - 1187." type="journal article" year="1968">Villiers (1968: 1175)</bibRefCitation>
, reinstated as genus.
</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="821F36ACFFF3FFF1D69CFD95B3F1DD60" blockId="5.[151,1437,471,618]" box="[151,1229,594,618]" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">
<taxonomicName id="45A04D2FFFF3FFF1D69CFD95B606DD63" authorityName="Stal" authorityYear="1867" box="[151,314,594,618]" class="Insecta" family="Reduviidae" genus="Brachysandalus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B0D4EABEFFF3FFF1D69CFD95B606DD63" box="[151,314,594,618]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">Brachysandalus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
: 
<bibRefCitation id="E6314B5DFFF3FFF1D743FD95B55DDD63" author="Cassis, G. &amp; Gross, G. F." box="[328,609,594,618]" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" pagination="1 - 506" refId="ref71184" refString="Cassis, G. &amp; Gross, G. F. (1995) Hemiptera: Heteroptera (Coleorrhyncha to Cimicomorpha). In: Houston, W. W. K. &amp; Maynard, G. V. (Eds.), Zoological Catalogue of Australia. Vol. 27.3 A. CSIRO Australia, Melbourne, pp. i - xv + 1 - 506." type="book chapter" year="1995">Cassis &amp; Gross (1995: 339)</bibRefCitation>
and ABRS (accessed 
<date id="F61E106CFFF3FFF1D54BFD95B4F9DD63" box="[832,965,594,618]" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" value="2023-08">August 2023</date>
), as subgenus of 
<taxonomicName id="45A04D2FFFF3FFF1D279FD95B3FADD60" authorityName="Serville" authorityYear="1831" box="[1138,1222,594,617]" class="Insecta" family="Reduviidae" genus="Peirates" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B0D4EABEFFF3FFF1D279FD95B3FADD60" box="[1138,1222,594,617]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">Peirates</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="CABA6527FFF3FFF1D69CFD5FB6E1DC17" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" type="diagnosis">
<paragraph id="821F36ACFFF3FFF1D69CFD5FB6E1DC17" blockId="5.[151,1437,664,2023]" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">
<emphasis id="B0D4EABEFFF3FFF1D69CFD5FB62EDDBB" bold="true" box="[151,274,664,690]" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">Diagnosis.</emphasis>
Hemelytron usually with a pale (variants of yellow / white / orange) oval or variable shaped spot involving apical area of clavus and adjoining area of corium between veins Pcu+1A and Cu (e.g., 
<figureCitation id="1A9B2A29FFF3FFF1D278FD7BB3F5DDDF" box="[1139,1225,700,726]" captionStart="FIGURE 1" captionStartId="9.[151,250,1927,1951]" captionTargetBox="[162,1425,392,1893]" captionTargetId="figure-101@9.[151,1436,381,1903]" captionTargetPageId="9" captionText="FIGURE 1. Brachysandalus alutaceus (Reuter, 1881), lectotype, macropterous female, habitus.A, dorsal view; B, ventral view; C, lateral view. Scale bar = 3.00 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13211623" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13211623/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">Fig. 1A</figureCitation>
) (note, only rarely this pale spot is indistinguishable), and an inconspicuous yellowish, thin, curved stripe near base of costal margin on membrane (e.g., 
<figureCitation id="1A9B2A29FFF3FFF1D77CFCC3B6F3DC17" box="[375,463,772,798]" captionStart="FIGURE 1" captionStartId="9.[151,250,1927,1951]" captionTargetBox="[162,1425,392,1893]" captionTargetId="figure-101@9.[151,1436,381,1903]" captionTargetPageId="9" captionText="FIGURE 1. Brachysandalus alutaceus (Reuter, 1881), lectotype, macropterous female, habitus.A, dorsal view; B, ventral view; C, lateral view. Scale bar = 3.00 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13211623" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13211623/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">Fig. 1A</figureCitation>
).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="CABA6527FFF3FFF2D6CCFCEFB6DCDB50" lastPageId="6" lastPageNumber="7" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" type="description">
<paragraph id="821F36ACFFF3FFF1D6CCFCEFB7F6DBA3" blockId="5.[151,1437,664,2023]" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">
Head with postocular region ellipsoidal, almost rounded to neck, neck with lateral tubercles tiny (e.g., 
<figureCitation id="1A9B2A29FFF3FFF1D37BFCEFB780DC6F" captionStart="FIGURE 1" captionStartId="9.[151,250,1927,1951]" captionTargetBox="[162,1425,392,1893]" captionTargetId="figure-101@9.[151,1436,381,1903]" captionTargetPageId="9" captionText="FIGURE 1. Brachysandalus alutaceus (Reuter, 1881), lectotype, macropterous female, habitus.A, dorsal view; B, ventral view; C, lateral view. Scale bar = 3.00 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13211623" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13211623/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">Fig. 1A</figureCitation>
). Pronotum with collar lateral process distinct and rounded apically, lateral margins of anterior pronotal lobe arcuate (e.g., 
<figureCitation id="1A9B2A29FFF3FFF1D724FCB7B6BBDC83" box="[303,391,880,906]" captionStart="FIGURE 1" captionStartId="9.[151,250,1927,1951]" captionTargetBox="[162,1425,392,1893]" captionTargetId="figure-101@9.[151,1436,381,1903]" captionTargetPageId="9" captionText="FIGURE 1. Brachysandalus alutaceus (Reuter, 1881), lectotype, macropterous female, habitus.A, dorsal view; B, ventral view; C, lateral view. Scale bar = 3.00 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13211623" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13211623/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">Fig. 1A</figureCitation>
); ventral surface of fore femur with bristly setae and / or tubercles of varying size and shape, or teeth; fore and mid tibiae gradually thickened and expanded to apex, fore tibia with fossula spongiosa occupying over 1/3 but no more than 1/2 tibial length, mid tibia with fossula spongiosa occupying about 1/3 tibial length (e.g., 
<figureCitation id="1A9B2A29FFF3FFF1D6DCFC1BB667DCFF" box="[215,347,988,1014]" captionStart="FIGURE 1" captionStartId="9.[151,250,1927,1951]" captionTargetBox="[162,1425,392,1893]" captionTargetId="figure-101@9.[151,1436,381,1903]" captionTargetPageId="9" captionText="FIGURE 1. Brachysandalus alutaceus (Reuter, 1881), lectotype, macropterous female, habitus.A, dorsal view; B, ventral view; C, lateral view. Scale bar = 3.00 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13211623" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13211623/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">Figs.1B&amp;C</figureCitation>
). Brachypterous form with anterior pronotal lobe spherical, posterior lobe distinctly abbreviated; hemelytron rarely surpassing second abdominal tergite (e.g., 
<figureCitation id="1A9B2A29FFF3FFF1D558FBC7B493DB13" box="[851,943,1024,1050]" captionStart="FIGURE 4" captionStartId="13.[151,250,1932,1956]" captionTargetBox="[173,1419,192,1894]" captionTargetId="figure-19@13.[151,1436,181,1908]" captionTargetPageId="13" captionText="FIGURE 4. Brachysandalus ayyammae Malipatil &amp; Liu, sp. nov., paratype, brachypterous female, habitus. A, dorsal view; B, ventral view; C, lateral view. Scale bar = 2.00 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13211633" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13211633/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">Fig. 4A</figureCitation>
). Males with sternum VII on left side with (e.g., 
<figureCitation id="1A9B2A29FFF3FFF1D6D2FBE3B604DB36" box="[217,312,1060,1087]" captionStart="FIGURE 55" captionStartId="104.[151,250,1493,1517]" captionTargetBox="[162,1425,192,1459]" captionTargetId="figure-28@104.[151,1436,181,1469]" captionTargetPageId="104" captionText="FIGURE 55. Close-up photos of extragenital process of Australian Brachysandalus species.A, B. sepulchralis (Distant, 1902); B, B. howarthi Malipatil &amp; Liu, sp. nov.; C, B. alutaceus (Reuter, 1881); D, B. helluo Stål, 1866; E, B. ephippiger (White, 1843); F, B. punctorius Stål, 1866; G, B. flavidus Malipatil &amp; Liu, sp. nov.; H, B. crassifemur (Reuter, 1881); I, B. maculatus Malipatil &amp; Liu, sp. nov.; J. B. ayyammae Malipatil &amp; Liu, sp. nov.; K, B. fulvipes Malipatil &amp; Liu, sp. nov.; L, B. gunbalanyae Malipatil &amp; Liu, sp. nov.; M–P, B. westraliensis Malipatil &amp; Liu, sp. nov. Blue arrow indicates extragenital process. Scale bar = 0.50 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13211793" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13211793/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">Figs. 55</figureCitation>
, 
<figureCitation id="1A9B2A29FFF3FFF1D74DFBE3B65FDB36" box="[326,355,1060,1087]" captionStart="FIGURE 56" captionStartId="105.[151,250,1494,1518]" captionTargetBox="[162,1425,192,1459]" captionTargetId="figure-19@105.[151,1436,181,1470]" captionTargetPageId="105" captionText="FIGURE 56. Illustrations of extragenital process of Australian Brachysandalus species. A, B. sepulchralis (Distant, 1902); B, B. howarthi Malipatil &amp; Liu, sp. nov.; C, B. alutaceus (Reuter, 1881); D, B. helluo Stål, 1866; E, B. ephippiger (White, 1843); F, B. punctorius Stål, 1866; G, B. flavidus Malipatil &amp; Liu, sp. nov.; H, B. crassifemur (Reuter, 1881); I, B. maculatus Malipatil &amp; Liu, sp. nov.; J. B. ayyammae Malipatil &amp; Liu, sp. nov.; K, B. fulvipes Malipatil &amp; Liu, sp. nov.; L, B. gunbalanyae Malipatil &amp; Liu, sp. nov.; M–P, B. westraliensis Malipatil &amp; Liu, sp. nov. Scale bar = 0.50 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13211797" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13211797/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">56</figureCitation>
) or less commonly without an extragenital process. Pygophore oval in ventral view (e.g., 
<figureCitation id="1A9B2A29FFF3FFF1D37BFBE3B781DB6B" captionStart="FIGURE 2" captionStartId="10.[151,250,1801,1825]" captionTargetBox="[162,1423,193,1766]" captionTargetId="figure-28@10.[151,1436,181,1777]" captionTargetPageId="10" captionText="FIGURE 2. Brachysandalus alutaceus (Reuter, 1881), male genitalia.A–C, pygophore; D, left paramere; E, right paramere; F– I, phallus.A, G, ventral view; B, caudal view; C, H, I, lateral view; D, E, outer ventrolateral view; F, dorsal view. Abbreviations: bp, basal plate; bpb, basal plate bridge; dps, dorsal phallothecal sclerite; end, endosoma; lps, lateral phallothecal sclerite; mpp, median pygophore process; ped, pedicel; st, struts. Scale bar = 0.50 mm (for A–C); 0.40 mm (for D–I)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13211627" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13211627/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">Fig. 2A</figureCitation>
), paramere curved and usually subtriangular (e.g., 2D&amp;E), dorsal phallothecal sclerite, strongly sclerotized and broad, apex obtuse or rounded (e.g., 
<figureCitation id="1A9B2A29FFF3FFF1D425FBABB5BEDB8F" box="[558,642,1132,1158]" captionStart="FIGURE 2" captionStartId="10.[151,250,1801,1825]" captionTargetBox="[162,1423,193,1766]" captionTargetId="figure-28@10.[151,1436,181,1777]" captionTargetPageId="10" captionText="FIGURE 2. Brachysandalus alutaceus (Reuter, 1881), male genitalia.A–C, pygophore; D, left paramere; E, right paramere; F– I, phallus.A, G, ventral view; B, caudal view; C, H, I, lateral view; D, E, outer ventrolateral view; F, dorsal view. Abbreviations: bp, basal plate; bpb, basal plate bridge; dps, dorsal phallothecal sclerite; end, endosoma; lps, lateral phallothecal sclerite; mpp, median pygophore process; ped, pedicel; st, struts. Scale bar = 0.50 mm (for A–C); 0.40 mm (for D–I)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13211627" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13211627/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">Fig. 2F</figureCitation>
); base of venter of phallosoma with a pair of slender sclerites (e.g., 
<figureCitation id="1A9B2A29FFF3FFF1D37BFBABB781DBA3" captionStart="FIGURE 2" captionStartId="10.[151,250,1801,1825]" captionTargetBox="[162,1423,193,1766]" captionTargetId="figure-28@10.[151,1436,181,1777]" captionTargetPageId="10" captionText="FIGURE 2. Brachysandalus alutaceus (Reuter, 1881), male genitalia.A–C, pygophore; D, left paramere; E, right paramere; F– I, phallus.A, G, ventral view; B, caudal view; C, H, I, lateral view; D, E, outer ventrolateral view; F, dorsal view. Abbreviations: bp, basal plate; bpb, basal plate bridge; dps, dorsal phallothecal sclerite; end, endosoma; lps, lateral phallothecal sclerite; mpp, median pygophore process; ped, pedicel; st, struts. Scale bar = 0.50 mm (for A–C); 0.40 mm (for D–I)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13211627" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13211627/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">Fig. 2G</figureCitation>
).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="821F36ACFFF3FFF1D6CCFB73B3E1DAC3" blockId="5.[151,1437,664,2023]" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">
<emphasis id="B0D4EABEFFF3FFF1D6CCFB73B649DBC7" bold="true" box="[199,373,1204,1230]" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">Redescription.</emphasis>
<emphasis id="B0D4EABEFFF3FFF1D774FB73B680DBC7" box="[383,444,1204,1230]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">Head</emphasis>
: Sub-fusiform in dorsal view, anteocular region elongate triangular, postocular region ellipsoidal, anteocular region distinctly longer than postocular, frontoclypeal sulcus distinct; postocular region almost rounded to neck, neck with lateral tubercles not developed; ventral surface of head tumid before eyes; maxillary plate developed. Antennae with all segments cylindrical, scape thickest and shortest, apical three segments slender and of subequal length. Eye reniform, usually not reaching ventral margin in lateral view, width of eye usually shorter than width of interocular space in dorsal view, sometimes wider than width of interocular space in males. Ocelli well developed and located on tubercles in macropterous form, reduced, obsolete and not raised or slightly raised in brachypterous form. Labium with second visible segment longest, tumid on ventral side.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="821F36ACFFF3FFF1D6CCFA13B23FD807" blockId="5.[151,1437,664,2023]" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">
<emphasis id="B0D4EABEFFF3FFF1D6CCFA13B624DAE7" box="[199,280,1492,1518]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">Thorax</emphasis>
: Pronotum with collar lateral process distinct, apex rounded, anterior pronotal lobe subtrapezoidal with lateral margins arcuate, posterior pronotal lobe arcuately quadrate, humeri rounded, length of anterior pronotal lobe less than twice length of posterior lobe in macropterous form; anterior pronotal lobe nearly spherical, posterior lobe distinctly shortened, much shorter than anterior lobe in brachypterous form; integument of stripes on anterior lobe pilose and rough. Propleuron with integument often finely granulate, set off from dorsal surface by a carina, stridulitrum long total-striate 
<typeStatus id="5D1B880EFFF3FFF1D7D0F94EB533D9AA" box="[475,527,1673,1699]" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">type</typeStatus>
. Scutellum triangular, slightly wider than long, disc flat, “Y” shaped ridges distinct. Pleural and sternal integument finely granulate, metapleural sulcus curved with median part often nearly straight in macropterous form and entirely arcuate in brachypterous form; mesosternum with disc raised, metasternum raised with disc mostly flat. Hemelytra fully developed in macropterous or reduced in brachypterous forms.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="821F36ACFFF3FFF2D6CCF8DEB664DFDC" blockId="5.[151,1437,664,2023]" lastBlockId="6.[151,1437,151,1113]" lastPageId="6" lastPageNumber="7" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">
<emphasis id="B0D4EABEFFF3FFF1D6CCF8DEB7C0D83B" box="[199,252,1817,1842]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">Legs</emphasis>
: Fore coxa elongate, mid and hind coxae globular, mid coxae separated from each other by less than width of one coxa. Fore femur highly thickened, much thicker than mid and hind femora, ventral surface of fore femur usually with tubercles or teeth of varying size and shape, usually arranged in inner and outer rows separated by a shallow median furrow along length of femur, in addition with bristly setae, ventral surface of mid femur also often armed with tubercles or teeth in addition to bristly setae. Fore and mid tibiae gradually thickened to apex, apex expanded, fore tibia with fossula spongiosa occupying over 1/3 but no more than 1/2 tibial length, mid tibia with fossula spongiosa occupying about 1/3 tibial length, hind tibia slender and straight, slightly incrassate at apex. Tarsi three-segmented.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="821F36ACFFF0FFF2D6CCFF18B7C7DED8" blockId="6.[151,1437,151,1113]" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">
<emphasis id="B0D4EABEFFF0FFF2D6CCFF18B60DDFF0" box="[199,305,223,249]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">Abdomen</emphasis>
: Elongate parallel sided in male and nearly fusiform in female; venter of abdomen in male usually with a median ridge running from posterior portion of second abdominal sternite to posterior portion of seventh abdominal sternite and curved slightly to right side of body. Male sternum VII on left side with, or less commonly without, a visible extragenital process. Pygophore oval in ventral view with median pygophore process oblique to right side; paramere curved and usually subtriangular; dorsal, and lateral phallothecal sclerites strongly sclerotized, dorsal phallothecal sclerite broad, apex obtuse or rounded; base of venter of phallosoma with a pair of slender sclerites.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="821F36ACFFF0FFF2D6CCFE1DB205DCAC" blockId="6.[151,1437,151,1113]" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">
<emphasis id="B0D4EABEFFF0FFF2D6CCFE1DB68FDEFC" bold="true" box="[199,435,474,501]" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">Comparative notes.</emphasis>
In addition to 
<taxonomicName id="45A04D2FFFF0FFF2D46BFE1CB428DEFC" authorityName="Stal" authorityYear="1867" box="[608,788,475,501]" class="Insecta" family="Reduviidae" genus="Brachysandalus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B0D4EABEFFF0FFF2D46BFE1CB428DEFC" box="[608,788,475,501]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">Brachysandalus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, there are three peiratine genera distributed in 
<collectingCountry id="FAB7763CFFF0FFF2D324FE1CB2A5DEFC" box="[1327,1433,475,501]" name="Australia" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">Australia</collectingCountry>
, viz., 
<taxonomicName id="45A04D2FFFF0FFF2D6C6FE38B6DFDD10" authority="Mayr, 1865" authorityName="Mayr" authorityYear="1865" box="[205,483,510,537]" class="Insecta" family="Reduviidae" genus="Ectomocoris" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B0D4EABEFFF0FFF2D6C6FE38B667DD11" box="[205,347,511,536]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">Ectomocoris</emphasis>
Mayr, 1865
</taxonomicName>
, 
<taxonomicName id="45A04D2FFFF0FFF2D7E6FE38B435DD10" authority="Stal, 1867" authorityName="Stal" authorityYear="1867" box="[493,777,510,537]" class="Insecta" family="Reduviidae" genus="Microsandalus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B0D4EABEFFF0FFF2D7E6FE38B5A8DD10" box="[493,660,511,537]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">Microsandalus</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="E6314B5DFFF0FFF2D492FE39B435DD10" author="Stal, C." box="[665,777,510,537]" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" pagination="235 - 302" refId="ref72943" refString="Stal, C. (1867) Bidrag till Reduviidernas kannendom. Ofversigt af Kongl. Vetenskaps-Akademiens Forhandlingar, 23, 235 - 302. https: // doi. org / 10.5962 / bhl. title. 61897" type="journal article" year="1867">Stål, 1867</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
and 
<taxonomicName id="45A04D2FFFF0FFF2D536FE38B377DD10" authority="Spinola, 1837" authorityName="Spinola" authorityYear="1837" box="[829,1099,511,537]" class="Insecta" family="Reduviidae" genus="Sirthenea" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B0D4EABEFFF0FFF2D536FE38B494DD10" box="[829,936,511,537]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">Sirthenea</emphasis>
Spinola, 1837
</taxonomicName>
. 
<taxonomicName id="45A04D2FFFF0FFF2D25FFE38B234DD10" authorityName="Stal" authorityYear="1867" box="[1108,1288,511,537]" class="Insecta" family="Reduviidae" genus="Brachysandalus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B0D4EABEFFF0FFF2D25FFE38B234DD10" box="[1108,1288,511,537]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">Brachysandalus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
can be easily separated from 
<taxonomicName id="45A04D2FFFF0FFF2D742FDE4B688DD34" authorityName="Spinola" authorityYear="1837" box="[329,436,547,573]" class="Insecta" family="Reduviidae" genus="Sirthenea" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B0D4EABEFFF0FFF2D742FDE4B688DD34" box="[329,436,547,573]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">Sirthenea</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
by anteocular part of head less than three times as long as postocular part and antennal insertion near anterior margin of eye (vs. anteocular part of head more than three times as long as postocular part and antennal insertion approximately at middle of anteocular part of head in 
<taxonomicName id="45A04D2FFFF0FFF2D20DFDACB34DDD8C" authorityName="Spinola" authorityYear="1837" box="[1030,1137,619,645]" class="Insecta" family="Reduviidae" genus="Sirthenea" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B0D4EABEFFF0FFF2D20DFDACB34DDD8C" box="[1030,1137,619,645]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">Sirthenea</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
). 
<taxonomicName id="45A04D2FFFF0FFF2D281FDACB202DD8C" authorityName="Stal" authorityYear="1867" box="[1162,1342,619,645]" class="Insecta" family="Reduviidae" genus="Brachysandalus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B0D4EABEFFF0FFF2D281FDACB202DD8C" box="[1162,1342,619,645]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">Brachysandalus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
is more similar in general body shape with 
<taxonomicName id="45A04D2FFFF0FFF2D438FD48B5FDDDA1" authorityName="Mayr" authorityYear="1865" box="[563,705,655,680]" class="Insecta" family="Reduviidae" genus="Ectomocoris" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B0D4EABEFFF0FFF2D438FD48B5FDDDA1" box="[563,705,655,680]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">Ectomocoris</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and 
<taxonomicName id="45A04D2FFFF0FFF2D4F6FD48B498DDA0" authorityName="Stal" authorityYear="1867" box="[765,932,655,681]" class="Insecta" family="Reduviidae" genus="Microsandalus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B0D4EABEFFF0FFF2D4F6FD48B498DDA0" box="[765,932,655,681]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">Microsandalus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, and most Australian species of these three genera have wing dimorphism. But 
<taxonomicName id="45A04D2FFFF0FFF2D420FD74B5E3DDC4" authorityName="Stal" authorityYear="1867" box="[555,735,691,717]" class="Insecta" family="Reduviidae" genus="Brachysandalus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B0D4EABEFFF0FFF2D420FD74B5E3DDC4" box="[555,735,691,717]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">Brachysandalus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
differs from the other two in fore tibia with fossula spongiosa occupying over 1/3 but no more than 1/2 tibial length (vs. fore tibia with fossula spongiosa occupying more than 1/2 of tibial length in 
<taxonomicName id="45A04D2FFFF0FFF2D755FD3CB6D0DC1D" authorityName="Mayr" authorityYear="1865" box="[350,492,763,788]" class="Insecta" family="Reduviidae" genus="Ectomocoris" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B0D4EABEFFF0FFF2D755FD3CB6D0DC1D" box="[350,492,763,788]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">Ectomocoris</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and fore tibia with fossula spongiosa occupying slightly less than 1/3 of tibial length in 
<taxonomicName id="45A04D2FFFF0FFF2D6BDFCD8B661DC30" authorityName="Stal" authorityYear="1867" box="[182,349,799,825]" class="Insecta" family="Reduviidae" genus="Microsandalus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B0D4EABEFFF0FFF2D6BDFCD8B661DC30" box="[182,349,799,825]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">Microsandalus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
). Also, in 
<taxonomicName id="45A04D2FFFF0FFF2D7DCFCD8B5B7DC30" authorityName="Stal" authorityYear="1867" box="[471,651,799,825]" class="Insecta" family="Reduviidae" genus="Brachysandalus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B0D4EABEFFF0FFF2D7DCFCD8B5B7DC30" box="[471,651,799,825]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">Brachysandalus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, ventral surface of fore femur with bristly setae and / or tubercles of varying size and shape, or teeth, but in 
<taxonomicName id="45A04D2FFFF0FFF2D44AFC84B5F3DC55" authorityName="Mayr" authorityYear="1865" box="[577,719,835,860]" class="Insecta" family="Reduviidae" genus="Ectomocoris" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B0D4EABEFFF0FFF2D44AFC84B5F3DC55" box="[577,719,835,860]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">Ectomocoris</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, ventral surface of fore femur with bristly setae only, without any tubercle or tooth, and in 
<taxonomicName id="45A04D2FFFF0FFF2D7A5FCA0B55EDC88" authorityName="Stal" authorityYear="1867" box="[430,610,871,897]" class="Insecta" family="Reduviidae" genus="Brachysandalus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B0D4EABEFFF0FFF2D7A5FCA0B55EDC88" box="[430,610,871,897]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">Brachysandalus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, anterior pronotal lobe subtrapezoidal with collar lateral process distinct, while in 
<taxonomicName id="45A04D2FFFF0FFF2D6F2FC4CB69CDCAC" authorityName="Stal" authorityYear="1867" box="[249,416,907,933]" class="Insecta" family="Reduviidae" genus="Microsandalus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B0D4EABEFFF0FFF2D6F2FC4CB69CDCAC" box="[249,416,907,933]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">Microsandalus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, anterior pronotal lobe subspherical and plump with collar process not developed.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="821F36ACFFF0FFF2D6CCFC68B6DCDB50" blockId="6.[151,1437,151,1113]" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">
<taxonomicName id="45A04D2FFFF0FFF2D6CCFC68B647DCC0" authorityName="Stal" authorityYear="1867" box="[199,379,943,969]" class="Insecta" family="Reduviidae" genus="Brachysandalus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B0D4EABEFFF0FFF2D6CCFC68B647DCC0" box="[199,379,943,969]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">Brachysandalus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
was treated as subgenus of 
<taxonomicName id="45A04D2FFFF0FFF2D4BAFC68B432DCC1" authorityName="Serville" authorityYear="1831" box="[689,782,943,968]" class="Insecta" family="Reduviidae" genus="Peirates" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B0D4EABEFFF0FFF2D4BAFC68B432DCC1" box="[689,782,943,968]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">Peirates</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
by 
<bibRefCitation id="E6314B5DFFF0FFF2D53CFC69B48ADCC0" author="Stal, C." box="[823,950,942,969]" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" pagination="1 - 186" refId="ref72982" refString="Stal, C. (1874) Enumeratio Hemipterorum. Bidrag till en forteckning ofver alla hittills kanda Hemiptera, jemte systematiska meddelanden. 4. Kongliga Svenska Vetenskaps-Akademiens Handlingar, 12 (1), 1 - 186." type="journal article" year="1874">Stål (1874)</bibRefCitation>
, but it could be distinguished from 
<taxonomicName id="45A04D2FFFF0FFF2D334FC68B2A0DCC1" authorityName="Serville" authorityYear="1831" box="[1343,1436,943,968]" class="Insecta" family="Reduviidae" genus="Peirates" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B0D4EABEFFF0FFF2D334FC68B2A0DCC1" box="[1343,1436,943,968]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">Peirates</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
by the armature on ventral surface of fore femur mentioned above and the common colour pattern that hemelytron usually with a pale spot involving apical area of clavus and adjoining area of corium between veins Pcu+1A and Cu (vs. ventral surface of fore femur without any tubercle or tooth and colour pattern of hemelytron varies among different species in 
<taxonomicName id="45A04D2FFFF0FFF2D778FBF8B6ECDB51" authorityName="Serville" authorityYear="1831" box="[371,464,1087,1112]" class="Insecta" family="Reduviidae" genus="Peirates" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B0D4EABEFFF0FFF2D778FBF8B6ECDB51" box="[371,464,1087,1112]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">Peirates</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="CABA6527FFF0FFF2D69CFB6CB582DBCC" box="[151,702,1194,1221]" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" type="multiple">
<paragraph id="821F36ACFFF0FFF2D69CFB6CB582DBCC" blockId="6.[151,702,1194,1221]" box="[151,702,1194,1221]" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">
<emphasis id="B0D4EABEFFF0FFF2D69CFB6CB582DBCC" bold="true" box="[151,702,1194,1221]" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">
Key to species of Australian 
<taxonomicName id="45A04D2FFFF0FFF2D7F1FB6DB582DBCC" authorityName="Stal" authorityYear="1867" box="[506,702,1194,1221]" class="Insecta" family="Reduviidae" genus="Brachysandalus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B0D4EABEFFF0FFF2D7F1FB6DB582DBCC" bold="true" box="[506,702,1194,1221]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">Brachysandalus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
</emphasis>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="CABA6527FFF0FFF3D69CFB37B2A0D811" lastPageId="7" lastPageNumber="8" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" type="key">
<key id="F631619DFFF0FFF3D69CFB37B2A0D811" lastPageId="7" lastPageNumber="8" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">
<keyStep id="39542E09FFF0FFF2D69CFB37B2A0DA2B" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">
<paragraph id="821F36ACFFF0FFF2D69CFB37B2A0DA0C" blockId="6.[151,1436,1264,2019]" box="[151,1436,1264,1286]" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">
<keyLead id="39519599FFF0FFF2D69CFB37B2A0DA0C" box="[151,1436,1264,1286]" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">1. Macropterous—submacropterous......................................................................... 2</keyLead>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="821F36ACFFF0FFF2D69CFACAB2A0DA2B" blockId="6.[151,1436,1264,2019]" box="[151,1436,1293,1315]" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">
<keyLead id="39519599FFF0FFF2D69CFACAB2A0DA2B" box="[151,1436,1293,1315]" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">-. Brachypterous....................................................................................... 21</keyLead>
</paragraph>
</keyStep>
<keyStep id="39542E09FFF0FFF2D69CFAEDB2A0DADB" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">
<paragraph id="821F36ACFFF0FFF2D69CFAEDB2A0DA73" blockId="6.[151,1436,1264,2019]" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">
<keyLead id="39519599FFF0FFF2D69CFAEDB2A0DA73" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">
2. Hemelytron with pale (variants of yellow / orange / white), usually oval shaped patch involving only parts of clavus and adjoining area of corium between veins Pcu+1A and Cu (e.g., 
<figureCitation id="1A9B2A29FFF0FFF2D535FA8FB4B5DA54" box="[830,905,1352,1374]" captionStart="FIGURE 1" captionStartId="9.[151,250,1927,1951]" captionTargetBox="[162,1425,392,1893]" captionTargetId="figure-101@9.[151,1436,381,1903]" captionTargetPageId="9" captionText="FIGURE 1. Brachysandalus alutaceus (Reuter, 1881), lectotype, macropterous female, habitus.A, dorsal view; B, ventral view; C, lateral view. Scale bar = 3.00 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13211623" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13211623/files/figure.png" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">Fig. 1A</figureCitation>
) (except this patch almost indistinguishable on corium in 
<taxonomicName id="45A04D2FFFF0FFF2D6F0FAA1B51ADA73" authority="(Erichson, 1842)" baseAuthorityName="Erichson" baseAuthorityYear="1842" box="[251,550,1381,1403]" class="Insecta" family="Reduviidae" genus="Brachysandalus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="fuliginosus">
<emphasis id="B0D4EABEFFF0FFF2D6F0FAA1B642DA73" box="[251,382,1381,1403]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">B. fuliginosus</emphasis>
(
<bibRefCitation id="E6314B5DFFF0FFF2D780FAA2B523DA73" author="Erichson, W. F." box="[395,543,1381,1403]" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" pagination="83 - 287" refId="ref71660" refString="Erichson, W. F. (1842) Beitrag zur Insekten - Fauna von Vandiemensland, mit besonderer Berucksichtigung der geographischen Verbreitung der Insecten. Archiv fur Naturgeschichte, 8, 83 - 287, pls. 4, 5. https: // doi. org / 10.5962 / bhl. part. 21656" type="journal article" year="1842">Erichson, 1842</bibRefCitation>
)
</taxonomicName>
(
<figureCitation id="1A9B2A29FFF0FFF2D438FAA2B5A8DA73" box="[563,660,1381,1403]" captionStart="FIGURE 14" captionStartId="33.[151,250,1626,1650]" captionTargetBox="[162,1425,192,1591]" captionTargetId="figure-19@33.[151,1436,181,1602]" captionTargetPageId="33" captionText="FIGURE 14. Brachysandalus fuliginosus (Erichson, 1842), habitus. A–C, lectotype, macropterous male; D–F, paralectotype, brachypterous female. A, D, dorsal view; B, E, ventral view; C, F, lateral view. Red arrow indicates median carina on abdomen." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13211665" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13211665/files/figure.png" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">Figs. 14A</figureCitation>
, 
<figureCitation id="1A9B2A29FFF0FFF2D494FAA2B5F4DA72" box="[671,712,1381,1403]" captionStart="FIGURE 15" captionStartId="34.[151,250,1867,1891]" captionTargetBox="[163,1424,193,1832]" captionTargetId="figure-28@34.[151,1436,181,1844]" captionTargetPageId="34" captionText="FIGURE 15. Brachysandalus fuliginosus (Erichson, 1842), lectotype of Pirates (Brachysandalus) melanolestoides Stål, 1874, macropterous male, habitus. A, dorsal view; B, ventral view; C, lateral view. Red arrow indicates median carina on abdomen. Scale bar = 3.00 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13211667" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13211667/files/figure.png" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">15A</figureCitation>
))......................................................... 3
</keyLead>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="821F36ACFFF0FFF2D69CFA44B2A0DADB" blockId="6.[151,1436,1264,2019]" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">
<keyLead id="39519599FFF0FFF2D69CFA44B2A0DADB" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">
-. Hemelytron with pale (variants of yellow / orange / white) area involving parts of clavus and adjoining area of corium between veins Pcu+1A and Cu as well as an extensive area of most of corium and basal area of membrane (e.g., 
<figureCitation id="1A9B2A29FFF0FFF2D2C5FA67B222DABC" box="[1230,1310,1440,1462]" captionStart="FIGURE 10" captionStartId="26.[151,250,1549,1573]" captionTargetBox="[170,1373,181,1525]" captionTargetId="figure-28@26.[170,1416,181,1525]" captionTargetPageId="26" captionText="FIGURE 10. Brachysandalus erythromelas (Walker, 1873), holotype, macropterous male, habitus, dorsal view." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13211651" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13211651/files/figure.png" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">Figs. 10</figureCitation>
, 
<figureCitation id="1A9B2A29FFF0FFF2D323FA67B26FDABC" box="[1320,1363,1440,1461]" captionStart="FIGURE 11" captionStartId="27.[151,250,1980,2004]" captionTargetBox="[162,1425,536,1946]" captionTargetId="figure-149@27.[151,1436,525,1957]" captionTargetPageId="27" captionText="FIGURE 11. Brachysandalus erythromelas (Walker, 1873), lectotype of Pirates (Brachysandalus) brevicoxis Stål, 1874, macropterous female, habitus. A, dorsal view; B, ventral view; C, lateral view. Scale bar = 3.00 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13211655" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13211655/files/figure.png" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">11A</figureCitation>
); (male extragenital process absent or only weakly developed, no males of 
<taxonomicName id="45A04D2FFFF0FFF2D56EFA79B3AFDADB" authority="(Walker, 1873)" authorityName="Liu &amp; Cai" authorityYear="2024" baseAuthorityName="Walker" baseAuthorityYear="1873" box="[869,1171,1469,1491]" class="Insecta" family="Reduviidae" genus="Pirates" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="erythromelas">
<emphasis id="B0D4EABEFFF0FFF2D56EFA79B4C2DADB" box="[869,1022,1469,1491]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">B. erythromelas</emphasis>
(
<bibRefCitation id="E6314B5DFFF0FFF2D201FA7AB3B0DADB" author="Walker, F." box="[1034,1164,1469,1491]" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" refId="ref73200" refString="Walker, F. (1873) Catalogue of the specimens of Hemiptera Heteroptera in the collection of the British Museum. Part VII. Printed for the Trustees of the British Museum, London, 213 pp. https: // doi. org / 10.5962 / bhl. title. 9254" type="book" year="1873">Walker, 1873</bibRefCitation>
)
</taxonomicName>
examined)........... 17
</keyLead>
</paragraph>
</keyStep>
<keyStep id="39542E09FFF0FFF2D69CFA1DB2A0D923" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">
<paragraph id="821F36ACFFF0FFF2D69CFA1DB2A0D904" blockId="6.[151,1436,1264,2019]" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">
<keyLead id="39519599FFF0FFF2D69CFA1DB2A0D904" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">
3. Membrane with broad subapical pale brownish yellow area contrasting with dark brown remainder area (
<figureCitation id="1A9B2A29FFF0FFF2D2D9FA1DB215DAE6" box="[1234,1321,1498,1520]" captionStart="FIGURE 12" captionStartId="30.[151,250,1628,1652]" captionTargetBox="[162,1424,192,1593]" captionTargetId="figure-28@30.[151,1436,181,1604]" captionTargetPageId="30" captionText="FIGURE 12. Brachysandalus flavidus Malipatil &amp; Liu, sp. nov., holotype, macropterous male, habitus. A, dorsal view; B, ventral view; C, lateral view. Red arrow indicates median carina on abdomen, blue arrow indicates extragenital process. Scale bar = 3.00 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13211657" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13211657/files/figure.png" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">Fig. 12A</figureCitation>
)............................................................................... 
<taxonomicName id="45A04D2FFFF0FFF2D234FA3FB27AD907" authority="Malipatil &amp; Liu" authorityName="Malipatil &amp; Liu" authorityYear="2024" box="[1087,1350,1528,1550]" class="Insecta" family="Reduviidae" genus="Brachysandalus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="flavidus" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="B0D4EABEFFF0FFF2D234FA3FB39AD904" box="[1087,1190,1528,1549]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">B. flavidus</emphasis>
Malipatil &amp; Liu
</taxonomicName>
, 
<emphasis id="B0D4EABEFFF0FFF2D35BFA3FB2A0D904" bold="true" box="[1360,1436,1528,1549]" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">
<taxonomicNameLabel id="ABE757C5FFF0FFF2D35BFA3FB2A0D904" box="[1360,1436,1528,1549]" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</emphasis>
</keyLead>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="821F36ACFFF0FFF2D69CF9D2B2A0D923" blockId="6.[151,1436,1264,2019]" box="[151,1436,1557,1579]" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">
<keyLead id="39519599FFF0FFF2D69CF9D2B2A0D923" box="[151,1436,1557,1579]" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">
-. Membrane without such subapical brownish yellow area (e.g., 
<figureCitation id="1A9B2A29FFF0FFF2D536F9D2B4BBD923" box="[829,903,1557,1579]" captionStart="FIGURE 1" captionStartId="9.[151,250,1927,1951]" captionTargetBox="[162,1425,392,1893]" captionTargetId="figure-101@9.[151,1436,381,1903]" captionTargetPageId="9" captionText="FIGURE 1. Brachysandalus alutaceus (Reuter, 1881), lectotype, macropterous female, habitus.A, dorsal view; B, ventral view; C, lateral view. Scale bar = 3.00 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13211623" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13211623/files/figure.png" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">Fig. 1A</figureCitation>
).......................................... 4
</keyLead>
</paragraph>
</keyStep>
<keyStep id="39542E09FFF0FFF2D69CF9F5B2A0D98A" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">
<paragraph id="821F36ACFFF0FFF2D69CF9F5B2A0D96C" blockId="6.[151,1436,1264,2019]" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">
<keyLead id="39519599FFF0FFF2D69CF9F5B2A0D96C" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">
4. Scape long, subequal to head length (
<figureCitation id="1A9B2A29FFF0FFF2D45FF9F5B5A2D94E" box="[596,670,1586,1608]" captionStart="FIGURE 28" captionStartId="57.[151,250,1528,1552]" captionTargetBox="[162,1425,192,1493]" captionTargetId="figure-19@57.[151,1436,181,1504]" captionTargetPageId="57" captionText="FIGURE 28. Brachysandalus howarthi Malipatil &amp; Liu, sp. nov., holotype, submacropterous male, habitus. A, dorsal view; B, ventral view; C, lateral view. Red arrow indicates median carina on abdomen, blue arrow indicates extragenital process. Scale bar = 4.00 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13211707" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13211707/files/figure.png" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">Fig. 28</figureCitation>
); hemelytron very narrow, width of both hemelytra in situ covering about 1/2 abdominal width (
<figureCitation id="1A9B2A29FFF0FFF2D79AF997B6D6D96C" box="[401,490,1616,1638]" captionStart="FIGURE 28" captionStartId="57.[151,250,1528,1552]" captionTargetBox="[162,1425,192,1493]" captionTargetId="figure-19@57.[151,1436,181,1504]" captionTargetPageId="57" captionText="FIGURE 28. Brachysandalus howarthi Malipatil &amp; Liu, sp. nov., holotype, submacropterous male, habitus. A, dorsal view; B, ventral view; C, lateral view. Red arrow indicates median carina on abdomen, blue arrow indicates extragenital process. Scale bar = 4.00 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13211707" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13211707/files/figure.png" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">Fig. 28A</figureCitation>
); (cave dwelling species)............................ 
<taxonomicName id="45A04D2FFFF0FFF2D23FF997B27AD96F" authority="Malipatil &amp; Liu" authorityName="Malipatil &amp; Liu" authorityYear="2024" box="[1076,1350,1616,1638]" class="Insecta" family="Reduviidae" genus="Brachysandalus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="howarthi" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="B0D4EABEFFF0FFF2D23FF997B39AD96C" box="[1076,1190,1616,1637]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">B. howarthi</emphasis>
Malipatil &amp; Liu
</taxonomicName>
, 
<emphasis id="B0D4EABEFFF0FFF2D35BF997B2A0D96C" bold="true" box="[1360,1436,1616,1637]" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">
<taxonomicNameLabel id="ABE757C5FFF0FFF2D35BF997B2A0D96C" box="[1360,1436,1616,1637]" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</emphasis>
</keyLead>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="821F36ACFFF0FFF2D69CF9AAB2A0D98A" blockId="6.[151,1436,1264,2019]" box="[151,1436,1645,1667]" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">
<keyLead id="39519599FFF0FFF2D69CF9AAB2A0D98A" box="[151,1436,1645,1667]" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">
-. Scape short, usually much shorter than head length (e.g., 
<figureCitation id="1A9B2A29FFF0FFF2D503F9AAB403D98B" box="[776,831,1645,1667]" captionStart="FIGURE 1" captionStartId="9.[151,250,1927,1951]" captionTargetBox="[162,1425,392,1893]" captionTargetId="figure-101@9.[151,1436,381,1903]" captionTargetPageId="9" captionText="FIGURE 1. Brachysandalus alutaceus (Reuter, 1881), lectotype, macropterous female, habitus.A, dorsal view; B, ventral view; C, lateral view. Scale bar = 3.00 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13211623" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13211623/files/figure.png" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">Fig. 1</figureCitation>
); hemelytron not narrow as above (e.g., 
<figureCitation id="1A9B2A29FFF0FFF2D2CDF9AAB22CD98B" box="[1222,1296,1645,1667]" captionStart="FIGURE 1" captionStartId="9.[151,250,1927,1951]" captionTargetBox="[162,1425,392,1893]" captionTargetId="figure-101@9.[151,1436,381,1903]" captionTargetPageId="9" captionText="FIGURE 1. Brachysandalus alutaceus (Reuter, 1881), lectotype, macropterous female, habitus.A, dorsal view; B, ventral view; C, lateral view. Scale bar = 3.00 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13211623" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13211623/files/figure.png" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">Fig. 1A</figureCitation>
)......... 5
</keyLead>
</paragraph>
</keyStep>
<keyStep id="39542E09FFF0FFF2D69CF94DB2A0D9B7" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">
<paragraph id="821F36ACFFF0FFF2D69CF94DB2A0D996" blockId="6.[151,1436,1264,2019]" box="[151,1436,1674,1696]" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">
<keyLead id="39519599FFF0FFF2D69CF94DB2A0D996" box="[151,1436,1674,1696]" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">
5. Fore femora long and slender, about 4X as long as maximum width (
<figureCitation id="1A9B2A29FFF0FFF2D57DF94DB480D996" box="[886,956,1674,1696]" captionStart="FIGURE 34" captionStartId="67.[151,250,1581,1605]" captionTargetBox="[162,1419,356,1547]" captionTargetId="figure-86@67.[151,1436,345,1558]" captionTargetPageId="67" captionText="FIGURE 34. Brachysandalus longifemoratus Malipatil &amp; Liu, sp. nov., holotype, macropterous male, habitus. A, dorsal view; B, lateral view; C, ventral view. Red arrow indicates median carina on abdomen. Scale bar = 3.00 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13211727" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13211727/files/figure.png" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">Fig. 34</figureCitation>
).... 
<taxonomicName id="45A04D2FFFF0FFF2D5F1F94CB27AD9A9" authority="Malipatil &amp; Liu" authorityName="Malipatil &amp; Liu" authorityYear="2024" box="[1018,1350,1674,1696]" class="Insecta" family="Reduviidae" genus="Brachysandalus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="longifemoratus" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="B0D4EABEFFF0FFF2D5F1F94CB399D996" box="[1018,1189,1674,1696]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">B. longifemoratus</emphasis>
Malipatil &amp; Liu
</taxonomicName>
, 
<emphasis id="B0D4EABEFFF0FFF2D35BF94DB2A0D996" bold="true" box="[1360,1436,1674,1695]" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">
<taxonomicNameLabel id="ABE757C5FFF0FFF2D35BF94DB2A0D996" box="[1360,1436,1674,1695]" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</emphasis>
</keyLead>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="821F36ACFFF0FFF2D69CF96FB2A0D9B7" blockId="6.[151,1436,1264,2019]" box="[151,1436,1704,1726]" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">
<keyLead id="39519599FFF0FFF2D69CF96FB2A0D9B7" box="[151,1436,1704,1726]" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">
-. Fore femora short and robust, about 3X as long as maximum width (e.g., 
<figureCitation id="1A9B2A29FFF0FFF2D5A9F96FB4E5D9B4" box="[930,985,1704,1726]" captionStart="FIGURE 1" captionStartId="9.[151,250,1927,1951]" captionTargetBox="[162,1425,392,1893]" captionTargetId="figure-101@9.[151,1436,381,1903]" captionTargetPageId="9" captionText="FIGURE 1. Brachysandalus alutaceus (Reuter, 1881), lectotype, macropterous female, habitus.A, dorsal view; B, ventral view; C, lateral view. Scale bar = 3.00 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13211623" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13211623/files/figure.png" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">Fig. 1</figureCitation>
)................................... 6
</keyLead>
</paragraph>
</keyStep>
<keyStep id="39542E09FFF0FFF2D69CF902B2A0D9FE" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">
<paragraph id="821F36ACFFF0FFF2D69CF902B2A0D9D3" blockId="6.[151,1436,1264,2019]" box="[151,1436,1733,1755]" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">
<keyLead id="39519599FFF0FFF2D69CF902B2A0D9D3" box="[151,1436,1733,1755]" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">
6. Body large, ca 
<quantity id="45589B49FFF0FFF2D778F902B68AD9D3" box="[371,438,1733,1754]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.0" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" unit="mm" value="20.0">20 mm</quantity>
or larger.......................................................................... 7
</keyLead>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="821F36ACFFF0FFF2D69CF924B2A0D9FE" blockId="6.[151,1436,1264,2019]" box="[151,1436,1762,1784]" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">
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-. Body small to medium, much shorter than 
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........................................................... 9
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7. Legs and antennae coloured pale / yellow in contrast to dark brown to black pronotum and hemelytron (
<figureCitation id="1A9B2A29FFF0FFF2D2CCF8C7B23CD81C" box="[1223,1280,1792,1814]" captionStart="FIGURE 8" captionStartId="22.[151,249,1562,1586]" captionTargetBox="[162,1419,192,1526]" captionTargetId="figure-28@22.[151,1436,181,1538]" captionTargetPageId="22" captionText="FIGURE 8. Brachysandalus ephippiger (White, 1843), lectotype, macropterous male, habitus. A, dorsal view; B, ventral view; C, lateral view. Red arrow indicates median carina on abdomen, blue arrow indicates extragenital process. Scale bar = 3.00 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13211645" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13211645/files/figure.png" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">Fig. 8</figureCitation>
).......................................................................................... 
<taxonomicName id="45A04D2FFFF0FFF2D286F8D9B2A0D83B" authority="(White, 1843)" baseAuthorityName="White" baseAuthorityYear="1843" box="[1165,1436,1821,1843]" class="Insecta" family="Reduviidae" genus="Reduvius" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="ephippiger">
<emphasis id="B0D4EABEFFF0FFF2D286F8D9B22CD83B" box="[1165,1296,1821,1843]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">B. ephippiger</emphasis>
(White, 1843)
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<keyLead id="39519599FFF0FFF2D69CF8FCB2A0D846" box="[151,1436,1850,1872]" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">
-. Legs and antennae similarly coloured dark as pronotum and hemelytron (
<figureCitation id="1A9B2A29FFF0FFF2D5AAF8FDB4CDD859" box="[929,1009,1850,1872]" captionStart="FIGURE 26" captionStartId="53.[151,250,1635,1659]" captionTargetBox="[161,1427,191,1600]" captionTargetId="figure-19@53.[151,1436,181,1611]" captionTargetPageId="53" captionText="FIGURE 26. Brachysandalus helluo Stål, 1866, lectotype, macropterous female, habitus. A, dorsal view; B, lateral view; C, ventral view. Scale bar = 5.00 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13211701" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13211701/files/figure.png" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">Figs. 26</figureCitation>
, 
<figureCitation id="1A9B2A29FFF0FFF2D5F0F8FDB328D859" box="[1019,1044,1850,1872]" captionStart="FIGURE 46" captionStartId="87.[151,250,1650,1674]" captionTargetBox="[165,1426,197,1605]" captionTargetId="figure-19@87.[151,1436,181,1626]" captionTargetPageId="87" captionText="FIGURE 46. Brachysandalus sepulchralis (Distant, 1902), lectotype, macropterous female, habitus. A, dorsal view; B, ventral view; C, lateral view. Scale bar = 5.00 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13211763" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13211763/files/figure.png" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">46</figureCitation>
)............................... 8
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8. Male extragenital process flat and broad triangular shaped (
<figureCitation id="1A9B2A29FFF0FFF2D513F89FB445D864" box="[792,889,1879,1902]" captionStart="FIGURE 55" captionStartId="104.[151,250,1493,1517]" captionTargetBox="[162,1425,192,1459]" captionTargetId="figure-28@104.[151,1436,181,1469]" captionTargetPageId="104" captionText="FIGURE 55. Close-up photos of extragenital process of Australian Brachysandalus species.A, B. sepulchralis (Distant, 1902); B, B. howarthi Malipatil &amp; Liu, sp. nov.; C, B. alutaceus (Reuter, 1881); D, B. helluo Stål, 1866; E, B. ephippiger (White, 1843); F, B. punctorius Stål, 1866; G, B. flavidus Malipatil &amp; Liu, sp. nov.; H, B. crassifemur (Reuter, 1881); I, B. maculatus Malipatil &amp; Liu, sp. nov.; J. B. ayyammae Malipatil &amp; Liu, sp. nov.; K, B. fulvipes Malipatil &amp; Liu, sp. nov.; L, B. gunbalanyae Malipatil &amp; Liu, sp. nov.; M–P, B. westraliensis Malipatil &amp; Liu, sp. nov. Blue arrow indicates extragenital process. Scale bar = 0.50 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13211793" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13211793/files/figure.png" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">Figs. 55A</figureCitation>
, 
<figureCitation id="1A9B2A29FFF0FFF2D589F890B493D864" box="[898,943,1879,1901]" captionStart="FIGURE 56" captionStartId="105.[151,250,1494,1518]" captionTargetBox="[162,1425,192,1459]" captionTargetId="figure-19@105.[151,1436,181,1470]" captionTargetPageId="105" captionText="FIGURE 56. Illustrations of extragenital process of Australian Brachysandalus species. A, B. sepulchralis (Distant, 1902); B, B. howarthi Malipatil &amp; Liu, sp. nov.; C, B. alutaceus (Reuter, 1881); D, B. helluo Stål, 1866; E, B. ephippiger (White, 1843); F, B. punctorius Stål, 1866; G, B. flavidus Malipatil &amp; Liu, sp. nov.; H, B. crassifemur (Reuter, 1881); I, B. maculatus Malipatil &amp; Liu, sp. nov.; J. B. ayyammae Malipatil &amp; Liu, sp. nov.; K, B. fulvipes Malipatil &amp; Liu, sp. nov.; L, B. gunbalanyae Malipatil &amp; Liu, sp. nov.; M–P, B. westraliensis Malipatil &amp; Liu, sp. nov. Scale bar = 0.50 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13211797" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13211797/files/figure.png" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">56A</figureCitation>
); tip of scutellum bluntly upturned as seen in lateral view (
<figureCitation id="1A9B2A29FFF0FFF2D715F8B2B64AD882" box="[286,374,1909,1931]" captionStart="FIGURE 46" captionStartId="87.[151,250,1650,1674]" captionTargetBox="[165,1426,197,1605]" captionTargetId="figure-19@87.[151,1436,181,1626]" captionTargetPageId="87" captionText="FIGURE 46. Brachysandalus sepulchralis (Distant, 1902), lectotype, macropterous female, habitus. A, dorsal view; B, ventral view; C, lateral view. Scale bar = 5.00 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13211763" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13211763/files/figure.png" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">Fig. 46C</figureCitation>
); body usually jet black, particularly pronotum, abdomen and legs smooth (
<figureCitation id="1A9B2A29FFF0FFF2D247F8B2B3ADD882" box="[1100,1169,1909,1931]" captionStart="FIGURE 46" captionStartId="87.[151,250,1650,1674]" captionTargetBox="[165,1426,197,1605]" captionTargetId="figure-19@87.[151,1436,181,1626]" captionTargetPageId="87" captionText="FIGURE 46. Brachysandalus sepulchralis (Distant, 1902), lectotype, macropterous female, habitus. A, dorsal view; B, ventral view; C, lateral view. Scale bar = 5.00 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13211763" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13211763/files/figure.png" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">Fig. 46</figureCitation>
)................................................................................................. 
<taxonomicName id="45A04D2FFFF0FFF2D27EF854B2A0D8AE" authority="(Distant, 1902)" baseAuthorityName="Distant" baseAuthorityYear="1902" box="[1141,1436,1938,1960]" class="Insecta" family="Reduviidae" genus="Brachysandalus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="sepulchralis">
<emphasis id="B0D4EABEFFF0FFF2D27EF854B239D8AE" box="[1141,1285,1938,1960]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">B. sepulchralis</emphasis>
(
<bibRefCitation id="E6314B5DFFF0FFF2D31AF855B2A9D8AE" author="Distant, W. L." box="[1297,1429,1938,1960]" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" pagination="282 - 295" refId="ref71497" refString="Distant, W. L. (1902) Rhynchotal notes. - XV. Heteroptera: Family Reduviidae (continued), Piratinae, and Ectrichodiinae. Annals and Magazine of Natural History, 10, 282 - 295. https: // doi. org / 10.1080 / 00222930208678673" type="journal article" year="1902">Distant, 1902</bibRefCitation>
)
</taxonomicName>
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</paragraph>
<paragraph id="821F36ACFFF0FFF3D69CF877B2A0DFA4" blockId="6.[151,1436,1264,2019]" lastBlockId="7.[151,1437,151,1816]" lastPageId="7" lastPageNumber="8" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">
<keyLead id="39519599FFF0FFF3D69CF877B2A0DFA4" lastPageId="7" lastPageNumber="8" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">
-. Male extragenital process long, flat spine-like (
<figureCitation id="1A9B2A29FFF0FFF2D4AEF877B43AD8CC" box="[677,774,1967,1990]" captionStart="FIGURE 55" captionStartId="104.[151,250,1493,1517]" captionTargetBox="[162,1425,192,1459]" captionTargetId="figure-28@104.[151,1436,181,1469]" captionTargetPageId="104" captionText="FIGURE 55. Close-up photos of extragenital process of Australian Brachysandalus species.A, B. sepulchralis (Distant, 1902); B, B. howarthi Malipatil &amp; Liu, sp. nov.; C, B. alutaceus (Reuter, 1881); D, B. helluo Stål, 1866; E, B. ephippiger (White, 1843); F, B. punctorius Stål, 1866; G, B. flavidus Malipatil &amp; Liu, sp. nov.; H, B. crassifemur (Reuter, 1881); I, B. maculatus Malipatil &amp; Liu, sp. nov.; J. B. ayyammae Malipatil &amp; Liu, sp. nov.; K, B. fulvipes Malipatil &amp; Liu, sp. nov.; L, B. gunbalanyae Malipatil &amp; Liu, sp. nov.; M–P, B. westraliensis Malipatil &amp; Liu, sp. nov. Blue arrow indicates extragenital process. Scale bar = 0.50 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13211793" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13211793/files/figure.png" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">Figs. 55D</figureCitation>
, 
<figureCitation id="1A9B2A29FFF0FFF2D51BF868B401D8CC" box="[784,829,1967,1989]" captionStart="FIGURE 56" captionStartId="105.[151,250,1494,1518]" captionTargetBox="[162,1425,192,1459]" captionTargetId="figure-19@105.[151,1436,181,1470]" captionTargetPageId="105" captionText="FIGURE 56. Illustrations of extragenital process of Australian Brachysandalus species. A, B. sepulchralis (Distant, 1902); B, B. howarthi Malipatil &amp; Liu, sp. nov.; C, B. alutaceus (Reuter, 1881); D, B. helluo Stål, 1866; E, B. ephippiger (White, 1843); F, B. punctorius Stål, 1866; G, B. flavidus Malipatil &amp; Liu, sp. nov.; H, B. crassifemur (Reuter, 1881); I, B. maculatus Malipatil &amp; Liu, sp. nov.; J. B. ayyammae Malipatil &amp; Liu, sp. nov.; K, B. fulvipes Malipatil &amp; Liu, sp. nov.; L, B. gunbalanyae Malipatil &amp; Liu, sp. nov.; M–P, B. westraliensis Malipatil &amp; Liu, sp. nov. Scale bar = 0.50 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13211797" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13211797/files/figure.png" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">56D</figureCitation>
); tip of scutellum bluntly projected backwards as seen in lateral view; body dark brown, pronotum, abdomen and legs not smooth, distinctly covered with hairs of varying lengths (
<figureCitation id="1A9B2A29FFF0FFF2D33FF80AB245D8EA" box="[1332,1401,1997,2019]" captionStart="FIGURE 26" captionStartId="53.[151,250,1635,1659]" captionTargetBox="[161,1427,191,1600]" captionTargetId="figure-19@53.[151,1436,181,1611]" captionTargetPageId="53" captionText="FIGURE 26. Brachysandalus helluo Stål, 1866, lectotype, macropterous female, habitus. A, dorsal view; B, lateral view; C, ventral view. Scale bar = 5.00 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13211701" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13211701/files/figure.png" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">Fig. 26</figureCitation>
)...................................................................................... 
<taxonomicName id="45A04D2FFFF1FFF3D2D5FF5FB2A0DFA4" authority="Stal, 1867" authorityName="Stal" authorityYear="1867" box="[1246,1436,151,173]" class="Insecta" family="Reduviidae" genus="Brachysandalus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="helluo">
<emphasis id="B0D4EABEFFF1FFF3D2D5FF5FB209DFA5" box="[1246,1333,151,173]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">B. helluo</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="E6314B5DFFF1FFF3D330FF50B2A0DFA4" author="Stal, C." box="[1339,1436,151,173]" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" pagination="235 - 302" refId="ref72943" refString="Stal, C. (1867) Bidrag till Reduviidernas kannendom. Ofversigt af Kongl. Vetenskaps-Akademiens Forhandlingar, 23, 235 - 302. https: // doi. org / 10.5962 / bhl. title. 61897" type="journal article" year="1867">Stål, 1867</bibRefCitation>
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9. Legs yellowish like connexivum (
<figureCitation id="1A9B2A29FFF1FFF3D423FF72B55DDFC2" box="[552,609,181,203]" captionStart="FIGURE 6" captionStartId="19.[151,250,1943,1967]" captionTargetBox="[182,1408,193,1909]" captionTargetId="figure-19@19.[169,1419,181,1919]" captionTargetPageId="19" captionText="FIGURE 6. Brachysandalus crassifemur (Reuter, 1881), lectotype, macropterous female, habitus. A, dorsal view; B, ventral view; C, lateral view. Red arrow indicates median carina on abdomen. Scale bar = 3.00 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13211639" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13211639/files/figure.png" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">Fig. 6</figureCitation>
)............................................ 
<taxonomicName id="45A04D2FFFF1FFF3D274FF71B2A0DFC3" authority="(Reuter, 1881)" baseAuthorityName="Reuter" baseAuthorityYear="1881" box="[1151,1436,181,203]" class="Insecta" family="Reduviidae" genus="Brachysandalus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="crassifemur">
<emphasis id="B0D4EABEFFF1FFF3D274FF71B237DFC3" box="[1151,1291,181,203]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">B. crassifemur</emphasis>
(
<bibRefCitation id="E6314B5DFFF1FFF3D313FF72B2A9DFC3" author="Reuter, O. M." box="[1304,1429,181,202]" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" pagination="269 - 339" refId="ref72794" refString="Reuter, O. M. (1881) Ad cognitionem Reduviidarum mundi antique. Unknown publisher, 71 pp. [also published in Acta Societatis Scientiarum Fennicae, 1883 (12), 269 - 339]" type="book chapter" year="1881">Reuter, 1881</bibRefCitation>
)
</taxonomicName>
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</paragraph>
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-. Legs brown, dark brown or black like connexivum (e.g., 
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)............................................... 10
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10. Body &lt;
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; pronotum black and shiny................................................................ 11
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-. Body much more than 
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; pronotum dark brown to black and not shiny...................................... 12
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11. Venter of abdomen mostly black or dark brown (
<figureCitation id="1A9B2A29FFF1FFF3D4BEFEEDB437DE36" box="[693,779,298,320]" captionStart="FIGURE 44" captionStartId="83.[151,250,1401,1425]" captionTargetBox="[210,1362,192,1359]" captionTargetId="figure-19@83.[151,1437,181,1377]" captionTargetPageId="83" captionText="FIGURE 44. Brachysandalus punctorius Stål, 1866, macropterous male, habitus. A, dorsal view; B, lateral view. Scale bar = 2.00 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13211757" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13211757/files/figure.png" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">Fig. 44B</figureCitation>
)................................... 
<taxonomicName id="45A04D2FFFF1FFF3D2BFFEECB2A0DE49" authority="Stal, 1867" authorityName="Stal" authorityYear="1867" box="[1204,1436,298,320]" class="Insecta" family="Reduviidae" genus="Brachysandalus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="punctorius">
<emphasis id="B0D4EABEFFF1FFF3D2BFFEECB209DE49" box="[1204,1333,299,320]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">B. punctorius</emphasis>
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</paragraph>
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<keyLead id="39519599FFF1FFF3D69CFE8FB2A0DE73" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">
-. Venter of abdomen orangish brown except sternite VII and posterior end dark brown (
<figureCitation id="1A9B2A29FFF1FFF3D211FE80B358DE54" box="[1050,1124,327,349]" captionStart="FIGURE 3" captionStartId="12.[151,250,1943,1967]" captionTargetBox="[181,1414,192,1909]" captionTargetId="figure-28@12.[165,1423,181,1919]" captionTargetPageId="12" captionText="FIGURE 3. Brachysandalus ayyammae Malipatil &amp; Liu, sp. nov., holotype, macropterous male, habitus. A, dorsal view; B, ventral view; C, lateral view. Red arrow indicates median carina on abdomen, blue arrow indicates extragenital process. Scale bar = 2.00 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13211629" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13211629/files/figure.png" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">Fig. 3B</figureCitation>
).............................................................................................. 
<taxonomicName id="45A04D2FFFF1FFF3D22FFEA1B27ADE72" authority="Malipatil &amp; Liu" authorityName="Malipatil &amp; Liu" authorityYear="2024" box="[1060,1350,357,379]" class="Insecta" family="Reduviidae" genus="Brachysandalus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="ayyammae" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="B0D4EABEFFF1FFF3D22FFEA1B39ADE72" box="[1060,1190,358,379]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">B. ayyammae</emphasis>
Malipatil &amp; Liu
</taxonomicName>
, 
<emphasis id="B0D4EABEFFF1FFF3D35BFEA2B2A0DE73" bold="true" box="[1360,1436,357,378]" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">
<taxonomicNameLabel id="ABE757C5FFF1FFF3D35BFEA2B2A0DE73" box="[1360,1436,357,378]" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</emphasis>
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</paragraph>
</keyStep>
<keyStep id="39542E09FFF1FFF3D69CFE45B2A0DEDB" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">
<paragraph id="821F36ACFFF1FFF3D69CFE45B2A0DEBC" blockId="7.[151,1437,151,1816]" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">
<keyLead id="39519599FFF1FFF3D69CFE45B2A0DEBC" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">
12. Body from above almost uniformly black or brownish black, pale area involving clavus and corium indistinct or almost absent (
<figureCitation id="1A9B2A29FFF1FFF3D6E2FE58B676DEBC" box="[233,330,415,437]" captionStart="FIGURE 14" captionStartId="33.[151,250,1626,1650]" captionTargetBox="[162,1425,192,1591]" captionTargetId="figure-19@33.[151,1436,181,1602]" captionTargetPageId="33" captionText="FIGURE 14. Brachysandalus fuliginosus (Erichson, 1842), habitus. A–C, lectotype, macropterous male; D–F, paralectotype, brachypterous female. A, D, dorsal view; B, E, ventral view; C, F, lateral view. Red arrow indicates median carina on abdomen." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13211665" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13211665/files/figure.png" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">Figs. 14A</figureCitation>
, 
<figureCitation id="1A9B2A29FFF1FFF3D75EFE58B6BDDEBC" box="[341,385,415,437]" captionStart="FIGURE 15" captionStartId="34.[151,250,1867,1891]" captionTargetBox="[163,1424,193,1832]" captionTargetId="figure-28@34.[151,1436,181,1844]" captionTargetPageId="34" captionText="FIGURE 15. Brachysandalus fuliginosus (Erichson, 1842), lectotype of Pirates (Brachysandalus) melanolestoides Stål, 1874, macropterous male, habitus. A, dorsal view; B, ventral view; C, lateral view. Red arrow indicates median carina on abdomen. Scale bar = 3.00 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13211667" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13211667/files/figure.png" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">15A</figureCitation>
); (southern Australian distribution).................................. 
<taxonomicName id="45A04D2FFFF1FFF3D27AFE67B2A0DEBC" authority="(Erichson, 1842)" baseAuthorityName="Erichson" baseAuthorityYear="1842" box="[1137,1436,415,437]" class="Insecta" family="Reduviidae" genus="Brachysandalus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="fuliginosus">
<emphasis id="B0D4EABEFFF1FFF3D27AFE67B3C9DEBD" box="[1137,1269,415,437]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">B. fuliginosus</emphasis>
(
<bibRefCitation id="E6314B5DFFF1FFF3D30AFE58B2A9DEBC" author="Erichson, W. F." box="[1281,1429,415,437]" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" pagination="83 - 287" refId="ref71660" refString="Erichson, W. F. (1842) Beitrag zur Insekten - Fauna von Vandiemensland, mit besonderer Berucksichtigung der geographischen Verbreitung der Insecten. Archiv fur Naturgeschichte, 8, 83 - 287, pls. 4, 5. https: // doi. org / 10.5962 / bhl. part. 21656" type="journal article" year="1842">Erichson, 1842</bibRefCitation>
)
</taxonomicName>
</keyLead>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="821F36ACFFF1FFF3D69CFE7AB2A0DEDB" blockId="7.[151,1437,151,1816]" box="[151,1436,445,467]" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">
<keyLead id="39519599FFF1FFF3D69CFE7AB2A0DEDB" box="[151,1436,445,467]" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">
-. Body from above brown or dark brown, pale area involving clavus and corium large and conspicuous (e.g., 
<figureCitation id="1A9B2A29FFF1FFF3D2E7FE7AB20ADEDB" box="[1260,1334,445,467]" captionStart="FIGURE 1" captionStartId="9.[151,250,1927,1951]" captionTargetBox="[162,1425,392,1893]" captionTargetId="figure-101@9.[151,1436,381,1903]" captionTargetPageId="9" captionText="FIGURE 1. Brachysandalus alutaceus (Reuter, 1881), lectotype, macropterous female, habitus.A, dorsal view; B, ventral view; C, lateral view. Scale bar = 3.00 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13211623" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13211623/files/figure.png" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">Fig. 1A</figureCitation>
)..... 13
</keyLead>
</paragraph>
</keyStep>
<keyStep id="39542E09FFF1FFF3D69CFE1DB2A0DD23" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">
<paragraph id="821F36ACFFF1FFF3D69CFE1DB2A0DD04" blockId="7.[151,1437,151,1816]" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">
<keyLead id="39519599FFF1FFF3D69CFE1DB2A0DD04" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">
13. Membrane with a vague yellow patch near confluence of veins Cu and M (
<figureCitation id="1A9B2A29FFF1FFF3D5BBFE1DB33BDEE6" box="[944,1031,474,496]" captionStart="FIGURE 38" captionStartId="75.[151,250,1797,1821]" captionTargetBox="[162,1425,395,1760]" captionTargetId="figure-108@75.[151,1436,381,1773]" captionTargetPageId="75" captionText="FIGURE 38. Brachysandalus maculatus Malipatil &amp; Liu, sp. nov., holotype, macropterous male, habitus. A, dorsal view; B, ventral view; C, lateral view. Red arrow indicates median carina on abdomen, blue arrow indicates extragenital process, yellow arrow indicates vague yellowish patch on membrane near confluence of veins Cu and M. Scale bar = 3.00 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13211739" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13211739/files/figure.png" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">Fig. 38A</figureCitation>
)...................................................................................................... 
<taxonomicName id="45A04D2FFFF1FFF3D223FE3FB27ADD04" authority="Malipatil &amp; Liu" authorityName="Malipatil &amp; Liu" authorityYear="2024" box="[1064,1350,503,525]" class="Insecta" family="Reduviidae" genus="Brachysandalus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="maculatus" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="B0D4EABEFFF1FFF3D223FE3FB39ADD05" box="[1064,1190,503,525]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">B. maculatus</emphasis>
Malipatil &amp; Liu
</taxonomicName>
, 
<emphasis id="B0D4EABEFFF1FFF3D35BFE3FB2A0DD04" bold="true" box="[1360,1436,504,525]" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">
<taxonomicNameLabel id="ABE757C5FFF1FFF3D35BFE3FB2A0DD04" box="[1360,1436,504,525]" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</emphasis>
</keyLead>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="821F36ACFFF1FFF3D69CFDD2B2A0DD23" blockId="7.[151,1437,151,1816]" box="[151,1436,533,555]" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">
<keyLead id="39519599FFF1FFF3D69CFDD2B2A0DD23" box="[151,1436,533,555]" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">
-. Membrane without vague yellow patch near confluence of veins Cu and M (e.g., 
<figureCitation id="1A9B2A29FFF1FFF3D5E5FDD2B30BDD23" box="[1006,1079,533,555]" captionStart="FIGURE 1" captionStartId="9.[151,250,1927,1951]" captionTargetBox="[162,1425,392,1893]" captionTargetId="figure-101@9.[151,1436,381,1903]" captionTargetPageId="9" captionText="FIGURE 1. Brachysandalus alutaceus (Reuter, 1881), lectotype, macropterous female, habitus.A, dorsal view; B, ventral view; C, lateral view. Scale bar = 3.00 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13211623" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13211623/files/figure.png" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">Fig. 1A</figureCitation>
)........................... 14
</keyLead>
</paragraph>
</keyStep>
<keyStep id="39542E09FFF1FFF3D69CFDF5B2A0DD6C" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">
<paragraph id="821F36ACFFF1FFF3D69CFDF5B2A0DD4E" blockId="7.[151,1437,151,1816]" box="[151,1436,562,584]" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">
<keyLead id="39519599FFF1FFF3D69CFDF5B2A0DD4E" box="[151,1436,562,584]" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">
14. Posterior pronotal lobe narrow, less than 1.5X as wide as anterior lobe width (
<figureCitation id="1A9B2A29FFF1FFF3D5C6FDF5B324DD4E" box="[973,1048,562,584]" captionStart="FIGURE 1" captionStartId="9.[151,250,1927,1951]" captionTargetBox="[162,1425,392,1893]" captionTargetId="figure-101@9.[151,1436,381,1903]" captionTargetPageId="9" captionText="FIGURE 1. Brachysandalus alutaceus (Reuter, 1881), lectotype, macropterous female, habitus.A, dorsal view; B, ventral view; C, lateral view. Scale bar = 3.00 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13211623" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13211623/files/figure.png" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">Fig. 1A</figureCitation>
)......... 
<taxonomicName id="45A04D2FFFF1FFF3D29EFDF4B2A0DD4E" authority="(Reuter, 1881)" baseAuthorityName="Reuter" baseAuthorityYear="1881" box="[1173,1436,562,584]" class="Insecta" family="Reduviidae" genus="Pirates" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="alutaceus">
<emphasis id="B0D4EABEFFF1FFF3D29EFDF4B237DD4E" box="[1173,1291,562,584]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">B. alutaceus</emphasis>
(
<bibRefCitation id="E6314B5DFFF1FFF3D313FDF5B2A9DD4E" author="Reuter, O. M." box="[1304,1429,562,583]" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" pagination="269 - 339" refId="ref72794" refString="Reuter, O. M. (1881) Ad cognitionem Reduviidarum mundi antique. Unknown publisher, 71 pp. [also published in Acta Societatis Scientiarum Fennicae, 1883 (12), 269 - 339]" type="book chapter" year="1881">Reuter, 1881</bibRefCitation>
)
</taxonomicName>
</keyLead>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="821F36ACFFF1FFF3D69CFD97B2A0DD6C" blockId="7.[151,1437,151,1816]" box="[151,1436,591,613]" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">
<keyLead id="39519599FFF1FFF3D69CFD97B2A0DD6C" box="[151,1436,591,613]" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">
-. Posterior pronotal lobe broad, about or more than 1.5X as wide as anterior lobe width (e.g., 
<figureCitation id="1A9B2A29FFF1FFF3D25FFD88B396DD6C" box="[1108,1194,591,613]" captionStart="FIGURE 24" captionStartId="49.[151,250,1581,1605]" captionTargetBox="[196,1390,585,1524]" captionTargetId="figure-164@49.[151,1436,561,1557]" captionTargetPageId="49" captionText="FIGURE 24. Brachysandalus gunbalanyae Malipatil &amp; Liu, sp. nov., holotype, macropterous male, habitus. A, dorsal view; B, lateral view; C, ventral view. Red arrow indicates median carina on abdomen, blue arrow indicates extragenital process. Scale bar = 2.00 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13211695" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13211695/files/figure.png" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">Fig. 24A</figureCitation>
)................. 15
</keyLead>
</paragraph>
</keyStep>
<keyStep id="39542E09FFF1FFF3D69CFDAAB2A0DDD2" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">
<paragraph id="821F36ACFFF1FFF3D69CFDAAB2A0DD96" blockId="7.[151,1437,151,1816]" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">
<keyLead id="39519599FFF1FFF3D69CFDAAB2A0DD96" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">
15. Legs dark brown except apex of fore femur and basal portion of fore tibia yellowish brown (
<figureCitation id="1A9B2A29FFF1FFF3D25AFDAAB3A4DD8B" box="[1105,1176,621,643]" captionStart="FIGURE 24" captionStartId="49.[151,250,1581,1605]" captionTargetBox="[196,1390,585,1524]" captionTargetId="figure-164@49.[151,1436,561,1557]" captionTargetPageId="49" captionText="FIGURE 24. Brachysandalus gunbalanyae Malipatil &amp; Liu, sp. nov., holotype, macropterous male, habitus. A, dorsal view; B, lateral view; C, ventral view. Red arrow indicates median carina on abdomen, blue arrow indicates extragenital process. Scale bar = 2.00 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13211695" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13211695/files/figure.png" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">Fig. 24</figureCitation>
); male extragenital process well developed, in the form of a minute tooth (
<figureCitation id="1A9B2A29FFF1FFF3D4A9FD4DB43DDDA9" box="[674,769,650,672]" captionStart="FIGURE 55" captionStartId="104.[151,250,1493,1517]" captionTargetBox="[162,1425,192,1459]" captionTargetId="figure-28@104.[151,1436,181,1469]" captionTargetPageId="104" captionText="FIGURE 55. Close-up photos of extragenital process of Australian Brachysandalus species.A, B. sepulchralis (Distant, 1902); B, B. howarthi Malipatil &amp; Liu, sp. nov.; C, B. alutaceus (Reuter, 1881); D, B. helluo Stål, 1866; E, B. ephippiger (White, 1843); F, B. punctorius Stål, 1866; G, B. flavidus Malipatil &amp; Liu, sp. nov.; H, B. crassifemur (Reuter, 1881); I, B. maculatus Malipatil &amp; Liu, sp. nov.; J. B. ayyammae Malipatil &amp; Liu, sp. nov.; K, B. fulvipes Malipatil &amp; Liu, sp. nov.; L, B. gunbalanyae Malipatil &amp; Liu, sp. nov.; M–P, B. westraliensis Malipatil &amp; Liu, sp. nov. Blue arrow indicates extragenital process. Scale bar = 0.50 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13211793" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13211793/files/figure.png" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">Figs. 55L</figureCitation>
, 
<figureCitation id="1A9B2A29FFF1FFF3D500FD4DB40FDDA9" box="[779,819,650,672]" captionStart="FIGURE 56" captionStartId="105.[151,250,1494,1518]" captionTargetBox="[162,1425,192,1459]" captionTargetId="figure-19@105.[151,1436,181,1470]" captionTargetPageId="105" captionText="FIGURE 56. Illustrations of extragenital process of Australian Brachysandalus species. A, B. sepulchralis (Distant, 1902); B, B. howarthi Malipatil &amp; Liu, sp. nov.; C, B. alutaceus (Reuter, 1881); D, B. helluo Stål, 1866; E, B. ephippiger (White, 1843); F, B. punctorius Stål, 1866; G, B. flavidus Malipatil &amp; Liu, sp. nov.; H, B. crassifemur (Reuter, 1881); I, B. maculatus Malipatil &amp; Liu, sp. nov.; J. B. ayyammae Malipatil &amp; Liu, sp. nov.; K, B. fulvipes Malipatil &amp; Liu, sp. nov.; L, B. gunbalanyae Malipatil &amp; Liu, sp. nov.; M–P, B. westraliensis Malipatil &amp; Liu, sp. nov. Scale bar = 0.50 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13211797" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13211797/files/figure.png" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">56L</figureCitation>
)................. 
<taxonomicName id="45A04D2FFFF1FFF3D204FD4CB27ADDA9" authority="Malipatil &amp; Liu" authorityName="Malipatil &amp; Liu" authorityYear="2024" box="[1039,1350,650,672]" class="Insecta" family="Reduviidae" genus="Brachysandalus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="gunbalanyae" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="B0D4EABEFFF1FFF3D204FD4CB39ADD96" box="[1039,1190,650,672]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">B. gunbalanyae</emphasis>
Malipatil &amp; Liu
</taxonomicName>
, 
<emphasis id="B0D4EABEFFF1FFF3D35BFD4DB2A0DD96" bold="true" box="[1360,1436,650,671]" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">
<taxonomicNameLabel id="ABE757C5FFF1FFF3D35BFD4DB2A0DD96" box="[1360,1436,650,671]" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</emphasis>
</keyLead>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="821F36ACFFF1FFF3D69CFD6FB2A0DDD2" blockId="7.[151,1437,151,1816]" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">
<keyLead id="39519599FFF1FFF3D69CFD6FB2A0DDD2" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">
-. Legs generally unicolor (
<figureCitation id="1A9B2A29FFF1FFF3D7D0FD60B512DDB4" box="[475,558,679,701]" captionStart="FIGURE 36" captionStartId="71.[151,250,1535,1559]" captionTargetBox="[160,1425,249,1501]" captionTargetId="figure-48@71.[151,1436,237,1512]" captionTargetPageId="71" captionText="FIGURE 36. Brachysandalus lurco Stål, 1866, lectotype, macropterous male, habitus. A, dorsal view; B, lateral view; C, ventral view. Red arrow indicates median carina on abdomen. Scale bar = 4.00 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13211731" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13211731/files/figure.png" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">Figs. 36</figureCitation>
, 
<figureCitation id="1A9B2A29FFF1FFF3D430FD60B56ADDB4" box="[571,598,679,701]" captionStart="FIGURE 53" captionStartId="98.[151,250,1893,1917]" captionTargetBox="[161,1417,198,1855]" captionTargetId="figure-28@98.[151,1436,181,1869]" captionTargetPageId="98" captionText="FIGURE 53. Brachysandalus westraliensis Malipatil &amp; Liu, sp. nov., holotype, macropterous male, habitus.A, dorsal view; B, ventral view; C, lateral view. Red arrow indicates median carina on abdomen. Scale bar = 2.00 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13211787" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13211787/files/figure.png" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">53</figureCitation>
); male extragenital process absent (
<figureCitation id="1A9B2A29FFF1FFF3D5B1FD60B329DDB4" box="[954,1045,679,701]" captionStart="FIGURE 36" captionStartId="71.[151,250,1535,1559]" captionTargetBox="[160,1425,249,1501]" captionTargetId="figure-48@71.[151,1436,237,1512]" captionTargetPageId="71" captionText="FIGURE 36. Brachysandalus lurco Stål, 1866, lectotype, macropterous male, habitus. A, dorsal view; B, lateral view; C, ventral view. Red arrow indicates median carina on abdomen. Scale bar = 4.00 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13211731" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13211731/files/figure.png" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">Fig. 36C</figureCitation>
), or rarely present as a greatly reduced remnant process (
<figureCitation id="1A9B2A29FFF1FFF3D787FD02B534DDD2" box="[396,520,709,731]" captionStart="FIGURE 55" captionStartId="104.[151,250,1493,1517]" captionTargetBox="[162,1425,192,1459]" captionTargetId="figure-28@104.[151,1436,181,1469]" captionTargetPageId="104" captionText="FIGURE 55. Close-up photos of extragenital process of Australian Brachysandalus species.A, B. sepulchralis (Distant, 1902); B, B. howarthi Malipatil &amp; Liu, sp. nov.; C, B. alutaceus (Reuter, 1881); D, B. helluo Stål, 1866; E, B. ephippiger (White, 1843); F, B. punctorius Stål, 1866; G, B. flavidus Malipatil &amp; Liu, sp. nov.; H, B. crassifemur (Reuter, 1881); I, B. maculatus Malipatil &amp; Liu, sp. nov.; J. B. ayyammae Malipatil &amp; Liu, sp. nov.; K, B. fulvipes Malipatil &amp; Liu, sp. nov.; L, B. gunbalanyae Malipatil &amp; Liu, sp. nov.; M–P, B. westraliensis Malipatil &amp; Liu, sp. nov. Blue arrow indicates extragenital process. Scale bar = 0.50 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13211793" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13211793/files/figure.png" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">Figs. 55M–P</figureCitation>
, 
<figureCitation id="1A9B2A29FFF1FFF3D419FD02B561DDD2" box="[530,605,709,731]" captionStart="FIGURE 56" captionStartId="105.[151,250,1494,1518]" captionTargetBox="[162,1425,192,1459]" captionTargetId="figure-19@105.[151,1436,181,1470]" captionTargetPageId="105" captionText="FIGURE 56. Illustrations of extragenital process of Australian Brachysandalus species. A, B. sepulchralis (Distant, 1902); B, B. howarthi Malipatil &amp; Liu, sp. nov.; C, B. alutaceus (Reuter, 1881); D, B. helluo Stål, 1866; E, B. ephippiger (White, 1843); F, B. punctorius Stål, 1866; G, B. flavidus Malipatil &amp; Liu, sp. nov.; H, B. crassifemur (Reuter, 1881); I, B. maculatus Malipatil &amp; Liu, sp. nov.; J. B. ayyammae Malipatil &amp; Liu, sp. nov.; K, B. fulvipes Malipatil &amp; Liu, sp. nov.; L, B. gunbalanyae Malipatil &amp; Liu, sp. nov.; M–P, B. westraliensis Malipatil &amp; Liu, sp. nov. Scale bar = 0.50 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13211797" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13211797/files/figure.png" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">56M–P</figureCitation>
); (females brachypterous).............................................. 16
</keyLead>
</paragraph>
</keyStep>
<keyStep id="39542E09FFF1FFF3D69CFD25B2A0DC46" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">
<paragraph id="821F36ACFFF1FFF3D69CFD25B2A0DC1C" blockId="7.[151,1437,151,1816]" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">
<keyLead id="39519599FFF1FFF3D69CFD25B2A0DC1C" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">
16. Eyes large, eye width subequal to interocular space (
<figureCitation id="1A9B2A29FFF1FFF3D4D1FD25B408DDF1" box="[730,820,738,760]" captionStart="FIGURE 36" captionStartId="71.[151,250,1535,1559]" captionTargetBox="[160,1425,249,1501]" captionTargetId="figure-48@71.[151,1436,237,1512]" captionTargetPageId="71" captionText="FIGURE 36. Brachysandalus lurco Stål, 1866, lectotype, macropterous male, habitus. A, dorsal view; B, lateral view; C, ventral view. Red arrow indicates median carina on abdomen. Scale bar = 4.00 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13211731" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13211731/files/figure.png" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">Fig. 36A</figureCitation>
); widely distributed except in 
<collectingRegion id="4064F84EFFF1FFF3D25DFD24B23DDDF1" box="[1110,1281,738,760]" country="Australia" name="Western Australia" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">Western Australia</collectingRegion>
................................................................................................. 
<taxonomicName id="45A04D2FFFF1FFF3D2E3FCC7B2A0DC1C" authority="Stal, 1867" authorityName="Stal" authorityYear="1867" box="[1256,1436,767,789]" class="Insecta" family="Reduviidae" genus="Brachysandalus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="lurco">
<emphasis id="B0D4EABEFFF1FFF3D2E3FCC7B209DC1D" box="[1256,1333,767,789]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">B. lurco</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="E6314B5DFFF1FFF3D330FD38B2A0DC1C" author="Stal, C." box="[1339,1436,767,789]" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" pagination="235 - 302" refId="ref72943" refString="Stal, C. (1867) Bidrag till Reduviidernas kannendom. Ofversigt af Kongl. Vetenskaps-Akademiens Forhandlingar, 23, 235 - 302. https: // doi. org / 10.5962 / bhl. title. 61897" type="journal article" year="1867">Stål, 1867</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
</keyLead>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="821F36ACFFF1FFF3D69CFCDAB2A0DC46" blockId="7.[151,1437,151,1816]" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">
<keyLead id="39519599FFF1FFF3D69CFCDAB2A0DC46" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">
-. Eyes small, eye width about 2/3 interocular space (
<figureCitation id="1A9B2A29FFF1FFF3D4C0FCDAB418DC3A" box="[715,804,797,819]" captionStart="FIGURE 53" captionStartId="98.[151,250,1893,1917]" captionTargetBox="[161,1417,198,1855]" captionTargetId="figure-28@98.[151,1436,181,1869]" captionTargetPageId="98" captionText="FIGURE 53. Brachysandalus westraliensis Malipatil &amp; Liu, sp. nov., holotype, macropterous male, habitus.A, dorsal view; B, ventral view; C, lateral view. Red arrow indicates median carina on abdomen. Scale bar = 2.00 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13211787" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13211787/files/figure.png" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">Fig. 53A</figureCitation>
); distributed only in 
<collectingRegion id="4064F84EFFF1FFF3D5E0FCDAB3AADC3A" box="[1003,1174,797,819]" country="Australia" name="Western Australia" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">Western Australia</collectingRegion>
........................................................................................ 
<taxonomicName id="45A04D2FFFF1FFF3D205FCFCB27ADC59" authority="Malipatil &amp; Liu" authorityName="Malipatil &amp; Liu" authorityYear="2024" box="[1038,1350,826,848]" class="Insecta" family="Reduviidae" genus="Brachysandalus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="westraliensis" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="B0D4EABEFFF1FFF3D205FCFCB399DC46" box="[1038,1189,826,848]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">B. westraliensis</emphasis>
Malipatil &amp; Liu
</taxonomicName>
, 
<emphasis id="B0D4EABEFFF1FFF3D35BFCFDB2A0DC46" bold="true" box="[1360,1436,826,847]" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">
<taxonomicNameLabel id="ABE757C5FFF1FFF3D35BFCFDB2A0DC46" box="[1360,1436,826,847]" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</emphasis>
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</paragraph>
</keyStep>
<keyStep id="39542E09FFF1FFF3D69CFC9FB2A0DC83" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">
<paragraph id="821F36ACFFF1FFF3D69CFC9FB2A0DC64" blockId="7.[151,1437,151,1816]" box="[151,1436,855,877]" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">
<keyLead id="39519599FFF1FFF3D69CFC9FB2A0DC64" box="[151,1436,855,877]" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">
17. Legs dark or black coloured contrasting with pale (yellow/ white) corium (e.g., 
<figureCitation id="1A9B2A29FFF1FFF3D5D5FC90B31DDC64" box="[990,1057,855,877]" captionStart="FIGURE 11" captionStartId="27.[151,250,1980,2004]" captionTargetBox="[162,1425,536,1946]" captionTargetId="figure-149@27.[151,1436,525,1957]" captionTargetPageId="27" captionText="FIGURE 11. Brachysandalus erythromelas (Walker, 1873), lectotype of Pirates (Brachysandalus) brevicoxis Stål, 1874, macropterous female, habitus. A, dorsal view; B, ventral view; C, lateral view. Scale bar = 3.00 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13211655" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13211655/files/figure.png" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">Fig. 11</figureCitation>
)............................ 18
</keyLead>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="821F36ACFFF1FFF3D69CFCB2B2A0DC83" blockId="7.[151,1437,151,1816]" box="[151,1436,885,907]" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">
<keyLead id="39519599FFF1FFF3D69CFCB2B2A0DC83" box="[151,1436,885,907]" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">
-. Legs pale coloured like most of corium (e.g., 
<figureCitation id="1A9B2A29FFF1FFF3D493FCB2B5E1DC83" box="[664,733,885,907]" captionStart="FIGURE 21" captionStartId="45.[151,250,1254,1278]" captionTargetBox="[163,1425,192,1220]" captionTargetId="figure-19@45.[151,1436,181,1230]" captionTargetPageId="45" captionText="FIGURE 21. Brachysandalus fulvipes Malipatil &amp; Liu, sp. nov., holotype, macropterous female, habitus. A, dorsal view; B, lateral view; C, ventral view. Scale bar = 2.00 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13211685" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13211685/files/figure.png" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">Fig. 21</figureCitation>
)....................................................... 19
</keyLead>
</paragraph>
</keyStep>
<keyStep id="39542E09FFF1FFF3D69CFC55B2A0DCCC" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">
<paragraph id="821F36ACFFF1FFF3D69CFC55B2A0DCAE" blockId="7.[151,1437,151,1816]" box="[151,1436,914,936]" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">
<keyLead id="39519599FFF1FFF3D69CFC55B2A0DCAE" box="[151,1436,914,936]" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">
18. Abdominal venter generally pale, except sternite VII dark (
<figureCitation id="1A9B2A29FFF1FFF3D512FC55B452DCAE" box="[793,878,914,936]" captionStart="FIGURE 11" captionStartId="27.[151,250,1980,2004]" captionTargetBox="[162,1425,536,1946]" captionTargetId="figure-149@27.[151,1436,525,1957]" captionTargetPageId="27" captionText="FIGURE 11. Brachysandalus erythromelas (Walker, 1873), lectotype of Pirates (Brachysandalus) brevicoxis Stål, 1874, macropterous female, habitus. A, dorsal view; B, ventral view; C, lateral view. Scale bar = 3.00 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13211655" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13211655/files/figure.png" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">Fig. 11B</figureCitation>
).................... 
<taxonomicName id="45A04D2FFFF1FFF3D265FC54B2A0DCAE" authority="(Walker, 1873)" authorityName="Liu &amp; Cai" authorityYear="2024" baseAuthorityName="Walker" baseAuthorityYear="1873" box="[1134,1436,914,936]" class="Insecta" family="Reduviidae" genus="Pirates" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="erythromelas">
<emphasis id="B0D4EABEFFF1FFF3D265FC54B23BDCAE" box="[1134,1287,914,936]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">B. erythromelas</emphasis>
(
<bibRefCitation id="E6314B5DFFF1FFF3D318FC55B2A9DCAE" author="Walker, F." box="[1299,1429,914,936]" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" refId="ref73200" refString="Walker, F. (1873) Catalogue of the specimens of Hemiptera Heteroptera in the collection of the British Museum. Part VII. Printed for the Trustees of the British Museum, London, 213 pp. https: // doi. org / 10.5962 / bhl. title. 9254" type="book" year="1873">Walker, 1873</bibRefCitation>
)
</taxonomicName>
</keyLead>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="821F36ACFFF1FFF3D69CFC77B2A0DCCC" blockId="7.[151,1437,151,1816]" box="[151,1436,943,965]" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">
<keyLead id="39519599FFF1FFF3D69CFC77B2A0DCCC" box="[151,1436,943,965]" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">
-. Abdominal venter uniformly dark brown or black like legs (
<figureCitation id="1A9B2A29FFF1FFF3D529FC68B4BEDCCC" box="[802,898,943,965]" captionStart="FIGURE 17" captionStartId="39.[151,250,1790,1814]" captionTargetBox="[162,1425,361,1756]" captionTargetId="figure-112@39.[151,1436,345,1767]" captionTargetPageId="39" captionText="FIGURE 17. Brachysandalus fulvipennis (Walker, 1873), lectotype, macropterous male, habitus. A, dorsal view; B, ventral view; C, lateral view. Scale bar = 3.00 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13211673" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13211673/files/figure.png" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">Figs. 17B</figureCitation>
, 
<figureCitation id="1A9B2A29FFF1FFF3D587FC77B489DCCC" box="[908,949,944,965]" captionStart="FIGURE 18" captionStartId="40.[151,250,1726,1750]" captionTargetBox="[162,1426,192,1691]" captionTargetId="figure-28@40.[151,1436,181,1702]" captionTargetPageId="40" captionText="FIGURE 18. Brachysandalus fulvipennis (Walker, 1873), lectotype of Pirates (Brachysandalus) flavo-pictus Stål, 1874, macropterous male, habitus. A, dorsal view; B, ventral view; C, lateral view. Red arrow indicates median carina on abdomen. Scale bar = 3.00 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13211675" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13211675/files/figure.png" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">18B</figureCitation>
)................ 
<taxonomicName id="45A04D2FFFF1FFF3D288FC77B2A0DCCC" authority="(Walker, 1873)" authorityName="Liu &amp; Cai" authorityYear="2024" baseAuthorityName="Walker" baseAuthorityYear="1873" box="[1155,1436,943,965]" class="Insecta" family="Reduviidae" genus="Pirates" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="fulvipennis">
<emphasis id="B0D4EABEFFF1FFF3D288FC77B23ADCCD" box="[1155,1286,943,965]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">B. fulvipennis</emphasis>
(
<bibRefCitation id="E6314B5DFFF1FFF3D318FC68B2A9DCCC" author="Walker, F." box="[1299,1429,943,965]" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" refId="ref73200" refString="Walker, F. (1873) Catalogue of the specimens of Hemiptera Heteroptera in the collection of the British Museum. Part VII. Printed for the Trustees of the British Museum, London, 213 pp. https: // doi. org / 10.5962 / bhl. title. 9254" type="book" year="1873">Walker, 1873</bibRefCitation>
)
</taxonomicName>
</keyLead>
</paragraph>
</keyStep>
<keyStep id="39542E09FFF1FFF3D69CFC0AB2A0DB14" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">
<paragraph id="821F36ACFFF1FFF3D69CFC0AB2A0DCF6" blockId="7.[151,1437,151,1816]" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">
<keyLead id="39519599FFF1FFF3D69CFC0AB2A0DCF6" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">
19. Body size 
<quantity id="45589B49FFF1FFF3D746FC0AB687DCEB" box="[333,443,973,994]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.3" metricValueMax="1.4" metricValueMin="1.2" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" unit="mm" value="13.0" valueMax="14.0" valueMin="12.0">12–14 mm</quantity>
; fore and mid femora ventrally with two or three conspicuous forwardly directed spinelike teeth in addition to minute tubercles (
<figureCitation id="1A9B2A29FFF1FFF3D7F7FC2DB548DCF6" box="[508,628,1002,1024]" captionStart="FIGURE 32" captionStartId="63.[151,250,1598,1622]" captionTargetBox="[169,1419,192,1563]" captionTargetId="figure-19@63.[158,1430,181,1574]" captionTargetPageId="63" captionText="FIGURE 32. Brachysandalus limbatus (Reuter, 1881), macropterous male, habitus. A, dorsal view; B, ventral view; C, lateral view. Red arrow indicates median carina on abdomen. Scale bar = 3.00 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13211719" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13211719/files/figure.png" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">Fig. 32B&amp;C</figureCitation>
)............................................. 
<taxonomicName id="45A04D2FFFF1FFF3D295FC2CB2A0DCF6" authority="(Reuter, 1881)" baseAuthorityName="Reuter" baseAuthorityYear="1881" box="[1182,1436,1002,1024]" class="Insecta" family="Reduviidae" genus="Brachysandalus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="limbatus">
<emphasis id="B0D4EABEFFF1FFF3D295FC2CB230DCF6" box="[1182,1292,1002,1024]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">B. limbatus</emphasis>
(
<bibRefCitation id="E6314B5DFFF1FFF3D313FC2DB2A9DCF6" author="Reuter, O. M." box="[1304,1429,1002,1023]" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" pagination="269 - 339" refId="ref72794" refString="Reuter, O. M. (1881) Ad cognitionem Reduviidarum mundi antique. Unknown publisher, 71 pp. [also published in Acta Societatis Scientiarum Fennicae, 1883 (12), 269 - 339]" type="book chapter" year="1881">Reuter, 1881</bibRefCitation>
)
</taxonomicName>
</keyLead>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="821F36ACFFF1FFF3D69CFBCFB2A0DB14" blockId="7.[151,1437,151,1816]" box="[151,1436,1031,1053]" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">
<keyLead id="39519599FFF1FFF3D69CFBCFB2A0DB14" box="[151,1436,1031,1053]" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">
-. Body size &lt;
<quantity id="45589B49FFF1FFF3D750FBCFB69DDB14" box="[347,417,1032,1053]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.0" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" unit="mm" value="10.0">10 mm</quantity>
; fore and mid femora ventrally with only minute tubercles (
<figureCitation id="1A9B2A29FFF1FFF3D5D5FBC0B313DB14" box="[990,1071,1031,1053]" captionStart="FIGURE 21" captionStartId="45.[151,250,1254,1278]" captionTargetBox="[163,1425,192,1220]" captionTargetId="figure-19@45.[151,1436,181,1230]" captionTargetPageId="45" captionText="FIGURE 21. Brachysandalus fulvipes Malipatil &amp; Liu, sp. nov., holotype, macropterous female, habitus. A, dorsal view; B, lateral view; C, ventral view. Scale bar = 2.00 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13211685" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13211685/files/figure.png" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">Figs. 21</figureCitation>
, 
<figureCitation id="1A9B2A29FFF1FFF3D232FBCFB36EDB14" box="[1081,1106,1032,1053]" captionStart="FIGURE 40" captionStartId="78.[151,250,1862,1886]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,181,1839]" captionTargetId="figure-28@78.[151,1436,181,1839]" captionTargetPageId="78" captionText="FIGURE 40. Brachysandalus pallidus Malipatil &amp; Liu, sp. nov., holotype, macropterous male. A, habitus, dorsal view; B, habitus, lateral view; C, habitus, ventral view; D, posterior part of abdomen, ventral view; E, close-up of extragenital process. Red arrow indicates median carina on abdomen, blue arrow indicates extragenital process." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13211745" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13211745/files/figure.png" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">40</figureCitation>
)........................ 20
</keyLead>
</paragraph>
</keyStep>
<keyStep id="39542E09FFF1FFF3D69CFBE2B2A0DBA6" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">
<paragraph id="821F36ACFFF1FFF3D69CFBE2B2A0DB7C" blockId="7.[151,1437,151,1816]" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">
<keyLead id="39519599FFF1FFF3D69CFBE2B2A0DB7C" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">
20. Posterior pronotal lobe integument densely and finely pitted or punctured (
<figureCitation id="1A9B2A29FFF1FFF3D5A7FBE2B33ADB33" box="[940,1030,1061,1083]" captionStart="FIGURE 40" captionStartId="78.[151,250,1862,1886]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,181,1839]" captionTargetId="figure-28@78.[151,1436,181,1839]" captionTargetPageId="78" captionText="FIGURE 40. Brachysandalus pallidus Malipatil &amp; Liu, sp. nov., holotype, macropterous male. A, habitus, dorsal view; B, habitus, lateral view; C, habitus, ventral view; D, posterior part of abdomen, ventral view; E, close-up of extragenital process. Red arrow indicates median carina on abdomen, blue arrow indicates extragenital process." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13211745" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13211745/files/figure.png" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">Fig. 40A</figureCitation>
); hemelytron with apical 2/3 of clavus and adjoining area of corium between veins PCu+1A and Cu yellowish white (
<figureCitation id="1A9B2A29FFF1FFF3D5A7FB85B338DB5E" box="[940,1028,1090,1112]" captionStart="FIGURE 40" captionStartId="78.[151,250,1862,1886]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,181,1839]" captionTargetId="figure-28@78.[151,1436,181,1839]" captionTargetPageId="78" captionText="FIGURE 40. Brachysandalus pallidus Malipatil &amp; Liu, sp. nov., holotype, macropterous male. A, habitus, dorsal view; B, habitus, lateral view; C, habitus, ventral view; D, posterior part of abdomen, ventral view; E, close-up of extragenital process. Red arrow indicates median carina on abdomen, blue arrow indicates extragenital process." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13211745" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13211745/files/figure.png" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">Fig. 40A</figureCitation>
)........................................................................................................ 
<taxonomicName id="45A04D2FFFF1FFF3D235FBA7B27ADB7C" authority="Malipatil &amp; Liu" authorityName="Malipatil &amp; Liu" authorityYear="2024" box="[1086,1350,1119,1141]" class="Insecta" family="Reduviidae" genus="Brachysandalus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="pallidus" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="B0D4EABEFFF1FFF3D235FBA7B399DB7D" box="[1086,1189,1119,1141]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">B. pallidus</emphasis>
Malipatil &amp; Liu
</taxonomicName>
, 
<emphasis id="B0D4EABEFFF1FFF3D35BFBA7B2A0DB7C" bold="true" box="[1360,1436,1120,1141]" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">
<taxonomicNameLabel id="ABE757C5FFF1FFF3D35BFBA7B2A0DB7C" box="[1360,1436,1120,1141]" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</emphasis>
</keyLead>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="821F36ACFFF1FFF3D69CFBBAB2A0DBA6" blockId="7.[151,1437,151,1816]" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">
<keyLead id="39519599FFF1FFF3D69CFBBAB2A0DBA6" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">
<emphasis id="B0D4EABEFFF1FFF3D69CFBBAB799DB9B" bold="true" box="[151,165,1149,1170]" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">-.</emphasis>
Posterior pronotal lobe integument not densely and finely pitted or punctured (
<figureCitation id="1A9B2A29FFF1FFF3D5D8FBBAB310DB9B" box="[979,1068,1149,1171]" captionStart="FIGURE 21" captionStartId="45.[151,250,1254,1278]" captionTargetBox="[163,1425,192,1220]" captionTargetId="figure-19@45.[151,1436,181,1230]" captionTargetPageId="45" captionText="FIGURE 21. Brachysandalus fulvipes Malipatil &amp; Liu, sp. nov., holotype, macropterous female, habitus. A, dorsal view; B, lateral view; C, ventral view. Scale bar = 2.00 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13211685" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13211685/files/figure.png" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">Fig. 21A</figureCitation>
); hemelytron with apical 2/3 of clavus and adjoining area of corium between veins PCu+1A and Cu yellow (
<figureCitation id="1A9B2A29FFF1FFF3D575FB5DB4E9DBA6" box="[894,981,1178,1200]" captionStart="FIGURE 21" captionStartId="45.[151,250,1254,1278]" captionTargetBox="[163,1425,192,1220]" captionTargetId="figure-19@45.[151,1436,181,1230]" captionTargetPageId="45" captionText="FIGURE 21. Brachysandalus fulvipes Malipatil &amp; Liu, sp. nov., holotype, macropterous female, habitus. A, dorsal view; B, lateral view; C, ventral view. Scale bar = 2.00 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13211685" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13211685/files/figure.png" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">Fig. 21A</figureCitation>
)........ 
<taxonomicName id="45A04D2FFFF1FFF3D24BFB5CB27ADBB9" authority="Malipatil &amp; Liu" authorityName="Malipatil &amp; Liu" authorityYear="2024" box="[1088,1350,1178,1200]" class="Insecta" family="Reduviidae" genus="Brachysandalus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="fulvipes" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="B0D4EABEFFF1FFF3D24BFB5CB39ADBA6" box="[1088,1190,1178,1200]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">B. fulvipes</emphasis>
Malipatil &amp; Liu
</taxonomicName>
, 
<emphasis id="B0D4EABEFFF1FFF3D35BFB5DB2A0DBA6" bold="true" box="[1360,1436,1178,1199]" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">
<taxonomicNameLabel id="ABE757C5FFF1FFF3D35BFB5DB2A0DBA6" box="[1360,1436,1178,1199]" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</emphasis>
</keyLead>
</paragraph>
</keyStep>
<keyStep id="39542E09FFF1FFF3D69CFB7FB2A0DA0E" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">
<paragraph id="821F36ACFFF1FFF3D69CFB7FB2A0DBE3" blockId="7.[151,1437,151,1816]" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">
<keyLead id="39519599FFF1FFF3D69CFB7FB2A0DBE3" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">
21. Body including wing pads uniformly dark / black, wing pads with posterior margin truncate (
<figureCitation id="1A9B2A29FFF1FFF3D26BFB70B38ADBC4" box="[1120,1206,1207,1229]" captionStart="FIGURE 14" captionStartId="33.[151,250,1626,1650]" captionTargetBox="[162,1425,192,1591]" captionTargetId="figure-19@33.[151,1436,181,1602]" captionTargetPageId="33" captionText="FIGURE 14. Brachysandalus fuliginosus (Erichson, 1842), habitus. A–C, lectotype, macropterous male; D–F, paralectotype, brachypterous female. A, D, dorsal view; B, E, ventral view; C, F, lateral view. Red arrow indicates median carina on abdomen." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13211665" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13211665/files/figure.png" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">Fig. 14D</figureCitation>
)............................................................................................. 
<taxonomicName id="45A04D2FFFF1FFF3D27AFB11B2A0DBE3" authority="(Erichson, 1842)" baseAuthorityName="Erichson" baseAuthorityYear="1842" box="[1137,1436,1237,1259]" class="Insecta" family="Reduviidae" genus="Brachysandalus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="fuliginosus">
<emphasis id="B0D4EABEFFF1FFF3D27AFB11B3C9DBE3" box="[1137,1269,1237,1259]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">B. fuliginosus</emphasis>
(
<bibRefCitation id="E6314B5DFFF1FFF3D30AFB12B2A9DBE3" author="Erichson, W. F." box="[1281,1429,1237,1259]" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" pagination="83 - 287" refId="ref71660" refString="Erichson, W. F. (1842) Beitrag zur Insekten - Fauna von Vandiemensland, mit besonderer Berucksichtigung der geographischen Verbreitung der Insecten. Archiv fur Naturgeschichte, 8, 83 - 287, pls. 4, 5. https: // doi. org / 10.5962 / bhl. part. 21656" type="journal article" year="1842">Erichson, 1842</bibRefCitation>
)
</taxonomicName>
</keyLead>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="821F36ACFFF1FFF3D69CFB34B2A0DA0E" blockId="7.[151,1437,151,1816]" box="[151,1436,1266,1288]" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">
<keyLead id="39519599FFF1FFF3D69CFB34B2A0DA0E" box="[151,1436,1266,1288]" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">
-. Body including wing pads dark and pale, wing pads with posterior margin gradually rounded (e.g., 
<figureCitation id="1A9B2A29FFF1FFF3D290FB35B222DA0E" box="[1179,1310,1266,1288]" captionStart="FIGURE 19" captionStartId="41.[151,250,1026,1050]" captionTargetBox="[173,1425,193,991]" captionTargetId="figure-19@41.[151,1436,181,1001]" captionTargetPageId="41" captionText="FIGURE 19. Brachysandalus fulvipennis (Walker, 1873), habitus, dorsal view.A, brachypterous male; B, brachypterous female; C, macropterous male. Scale bar = 3.00 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13211679" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13211679/files/figure.png" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">Figs. 19A&amp;B</figureCitation>
)....... 22
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<keyStep id="39542E09FFF1FFF3D69CFAD7B2A0DA4B" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">
<paragraph id="821F36ACFFF1FFF3D69CFAD7B2A0DA2C" blockId="7.[151,1437,151,1816]" box="[151,1436,1295,1317]" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">
<keyLead id="39519599FFF1FFF3D69CFAD7B2A0DA2C" box="[151,1436,1295,1317]" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">
22. Legs and connexivum similarly uniformly coloured orange-yellow (
<figureCitation id="1A9B2A29FFF1FFF3D564FAC8B489DA2C" box="[879,949,1295,1317]" captionStart="FIGURE 31" captionStartId="62.[151,250,1943,1967]" captionTargetBox="[177,1404,201,1908]" captionTargetId="figure-28@62.[166,1422,181,1919]" captionTargetPageId="62" captionText="FIGURE 31. Brachysandalus limbatus (Reuter, 1881), lectotype, brachypterous female, habitus. A, dorsal view; B, ventral view; C, lateral view. Red arrow indicates median carina on abdomen. Scale bar = 2.00 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13211717" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13211717/files/figure.png" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">Fig. 31</figureCitation>
).................. 
<taxonomicName id="45A04D2FFFF1FFF3D295FAD7B2A0DA2C" authority="(Reuter, 1881)" baseAuthorityName="Reuter" baseAuthorityYear="1881" box="[1182,1436,1295,1317]" class="Insecta" family="Reduviidae" genus="Brachysandalus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="limbatus">
<emphasis id="B0D4EABEFFF1FFF3D295FAD7B230DA2D" box="[1182,1292,1295,1317]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">B. limbatus</emphasis>
(
<bibRefCitation id="E6314B5DFFF1FFF3D313FAD7B2A9DA2C" author="Reuter, O. M." box="[1304,1429,1296,1317]" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" pagination="269 - 339" refId="ref72794" refString="Reuter, O. M. (1881) Ad cognitionem Reduviidarum mundi antique. Unknown publisher, 71 pp. [also published in Acta Societatis Scientiarum Fennicae, 1883 (12), 269 - 339]" type="book chapter" year="1881">Reuter, 1881</bibRefCitation>
)
</taxonomicName>
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</paragraph>
<paragraph id="821F36ACFFF1FFF3D69CFAEAB2A0DA4B" blockId="7.[151,1437,151,1816]" box="[151,1436,1325,1347]" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">
<keyLead id="39519599FFF1FFF3D69CFAEAB2A0DA4B" box="[151,1436,1325,1347]" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">
-. Legs and connexivum coloured otherwise (e.g., 
<figureCitation id="1A9B2A29FFF1FFF3D4BBFAEAB5D5DA4B" box="[688,745,1325,1347]" captionStart="FIGURE 4" captionStartId="13.[151,250,1932,1956]" captionTargetBox="[173,1419,192,1894]" captionTargetId="figure-19@13.[151,1436,181,1908]" captionTargetPageId="13" captionText="FIGURE 4. Brachysandalus ayyammae Malipatil &amp; Liu, sp. nov., paratype, brachypterous female, habitus. A, dorsal view; B, ventral view; C, lateral view. Scale bar = 2.00 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13211633" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13211633/files/figure.png" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">Fig. 4</figureCitation>
)...................................................... 23
</keyLead>
</paragraph>
</keyStep>
<keyStep id="39542E09FFF1FFF3D69CFA8DB2A0DA93" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">
<paragraph id="821F36ACFFF1FFF3D69CFA8DB2A0DA74" blockId="7.[151,1437,151,1816]" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">
<keyLead id="39519599FFF1FFF3D69CFA8DB2A0DA74" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">
23. Legs contrastingly coloured lighter than abdomen (
<figureCitation id="1A9B2A29FFF1FFF3D4D0FA8DB419DA56" box="[731,805,1354,1376]" captionStart="FIGURE 22" captionStartId="46.[151,250,1760,1784]" captionTargetBox="[168,1425,192,1724]" captionTargetId="figure-28@46.[151,1436,181,1736]" captionTargetPageId="46" captionText="FIGURE 22. Brachysandalus fulvipes Malipatil &amp; Liu, sp. nov., paratype, brachypterous male, habitus. A, dorsal view; B, ventral view; C, lateral view. Red arrow indicates median carina on abdomen, blue arrow indicates extragenital process. Scale bar = 2.00 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13211687" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13211687/files/figure.png" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">Fig. 22</figureCitation>
); (wing pads with basal 1/3 dark brown, apical 2/3 yellow with lateral areas yellowish brown)............................................... 
<taxonomicName id="45A04D2FFFF1FFF3D24BFAAFB27ADA74" authority="Malipatil &amp; Liu" authorityName="Malipatil &amp; Liu" authorityYear="2024" box="[1088,1350,1383,1405]" class="Insecta" family="Reduviidae" genus="Brachysandalus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="fulvipes" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="B0D4EABEFFF1FFF3D24BFAAFB39ADA75" box="[1088,1190,1383,1405]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">B. fulvipes</emphasis>
Malipatil &amp; Liu
</taxonomicName>
, 
<emphasis id="B0D4EABEFFF1FFF3D35BFAAFB2A0DA74" bold="true" box="[1360,1436,1384,1405]" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">
<taxonomicNameLabel id="ABE757C5FFF1FFF3D35BFAAFB2A0DA74" box="[1360,1436,1384,1405]" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</emphasis>
</keyLead>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="821F36ACFFF1FFF3D69CFA42B2A0DA93" blockId="7.[151,1437,151,1816]" box="[151,1436,1413,1435]" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">
<keyLead id="39519599FFF1FFF3D69CFA42B2A0DA93" box="[151,1436,1413,1435]" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">
-. Legs similarly coloured dark or black like most of abdomen (e.g., 
<figureCitation id="1A9B2A29FFF1FFF3D555FA42B4ABDA93" box="[862,919,1413,1435]" captionStart="FIGURE 4" captionStartId="13.[151,250,1932,1956]" captionTargetBox="[173,1419,192,1894]" captionTargetId="figure-19@13.[151,1436,181,1908]" captionTargetPageId="13" captionText="FIGURE 4. Brachysandalus ayyammae Malipatil &amp; Liu, sp. nov., paratype, brachypterous female, habitus. A, dorsal view; B, ventral view; C, lateral view. Scale bar = 2.00 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13211633" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13211633/files/figure.png" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">Fig. 4</figureCitation>
)........................................ 24
</keyLead>
</paragraph>
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<keyStep id="39542E09FFF1FFF3D69CFA65B2A0DADC" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">
<paragraph id="821F36ACFFF1FFF3D69CFA65B2A0DAB1" blockId="7.[151,1437,151,1816]" box="[151,1436,1442,1464]" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">
<keyLead id="39519599FFF1FFF3D69CFA65B2A0DAB1" box="[151,1436,1442,1464]" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">
24. Body particularly pronotum and legs shiny smooth black (e.g., 
<figureCitation id="1A9B2A29FFF1FFF3D54BFA65B446DABE" box="[832,890,1442,1464]" captionStart="FIGURE 4" captionStartId="13.[151,250,1932,1956]" captionTargetBox="[173,1419,192,1894]" captionTargetId="figure-19@13.[151,1436,181,1908]" captionTargetPageId="13" captionText="FIGURE 4. Brachysandalus ayyammae Malipatil &amp; Liu, sp. nov., paratype, brachypterous female, habitus. A, dorsal view; B, ventral view; C, lateral view. Scale bar = 2.00 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13211633" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13211633/files/figure.png" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">Fig. 4</figureCitation>
); body &lt;
<quantity id="45589B49FFF1FFF3D5DAFA65B328DAB1" box="[977,1044,1442,1464]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.0" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" unit="mm" value="10.0">10 mm</quantity>
.............................. 25
</keyLead>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="821F36ACFFF1FFF3D69CFA07B2A0DADC" blockId="7.[151,1437,151,1816]" box="[151,1436,1471,1493]" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">
<keyLead id="39519599FFF1FFF3D69CFA07B2A0DADC" box="[151,1436,1471,1493]" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">
-. Body particularly pronotum and legs dark brown to black, not shiny and smooth (e.g., 
<figureCitation id="1A9B2A29FFF1FFF3D22BFA78B3A0DADC" box="[1056,1180,1471,1493]" captionStart="FIGURE 19" captionStartId="41.[151,250,1026,1050]" captionTargetBox="[173,1425,193,991]" captionTargetId="figure-19@41.[151,1436,181,1001]" captionTargetPageId="41" captionText="FIGURE 19. Brachysandalus fulvipennis (Walker, 1873), habitus, dorsal view.A, brachypterous male; B, brachypterous female; C, macropterous male. Scale bar = 3.00 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13211679" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13211679/files/figure.png" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">Fig. 19A&amp;B</figureCitation>
); body&gt; 
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...... 26
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</paragraph>
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<keyStep id="39542E09FFF1FFF3D69CFA1AB2A0D924" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">
<paragraph id="821F36ACFFF1FFF3D69CFA1AB2A0DAFA" blockId="7.[151,1437,151,1816]" box="[151,1436,1500,1523]" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">
<keyLead id="39519599FFF1FFF3D69CFA1AB2A0DAFA" box="[151,1436,1500,1523]" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">
25. Venter of abdomen uniformly black or dark brown (
<figureCitation id="1A9B2A29FFF1FFF3D4DFFA1AB476DAFB" box="[724,842,1501,1523]" captionStart="FIGURE 43" captionStartId="82.[151,250,1806,1830]" captionTargetBox="[164,1424,193,1761]" captionTargetId="figure-28@82.[151,1436,181,1781]" captionTargetPageId="82" captionText="FIGURE 43. Brachysandalus punctorius Stål, 1866, habitus.A–C, brachypterous male; D–F, brachypterous female.A, D, dorsal view; B, E, lateral view; C, F, ventral view. Red arrow indicates median carina on abdomen, blue arrow indicates extragenital process. Scale bar = 2.00 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13211753" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13211753/files/figure.png" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">Fig. 43C&amp;F</figureCitation>
)............................. 
<taxonomicName id="45A04D2FFFF1FFF3D2BFFA19B2A0DAFA" authority="Stal, 1867" authorityName="Stal" authorityYear="1867" box="[1204,1436,1500,1523]" class="Insecta" family="Reduviidae" genus="Brachysandalus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="punctorius">
<emphasis id="B0D4EABEFFF1FFF3D2BFFA19B209DAFB" box="[1204,1333,1501,1523]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">B. punctorius</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="E6314B5DFFF1FFF3D330FA1BB2A0DAFA" author="Stal, C." box="[1339,1436,1500,1523]" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" pagination="235 - 302" refId="ref72943" refString="Stal, C. (1867) Bidrag till Reduviidernas kannendom. Ofversigt af Kongl. Vetenskaps-Akademiens Forhandlingar, 23, 235 - 302. https: // doi. org / 10.5962 / bhl. title. 61897" type="journal article" year="1867">Stål, 1867</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
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</paragraph>
<paragraph id="821F36ACFFF1FFF3D69CFA3CB2A0D924" blockId="7.[151,1437,151,1816]" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">
<keyLead id="39519599FFF1FFF3D69CFA3CB2A0D924" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">
-. Venter of abdomen with connexivum and medial areas of sternites with orangish brown or pale markings (
<figureCitation id="1A9B2A29FFF1FFF3D2D5FA3DB214D906" box="[1246,1320,1530,1552]" captionStart="FIGURE 4" captionStartId="13.[151,250,1932,1956]" captionTargetBox="[173,1419,192,1894]" captionTargetId="figure-19@13.[151,1436,181,1908]" captionTargetPageId="13" captionText="FIGURE 4. Brachysandalus ayyammae Malipatil &amp; Liu, sp. nov., paratype, brachypterous female, habitus. A, dorsal view; B, ventral view; C, lateral view. Scale bar = 2.00 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13211633" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13211633/files/figure.png" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">Fig. 4B</figureCitation>
).............................................................................. 
<taxonomicName id="45A04D2FFFF1FFF3D22FF9DFB27AD924" authority="Malipatil &amp; Liu" authorityName="Malipatil &amp; Liu" authorityYear="2024" box="[1060,1350,1559,1581]" class="Insecta" family="Reduviidae" genus="Brachysandalus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="ayyammae" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="B0D4EABEFFF1FFF3D22FF9DFB39AD924" box="[1060,1190,1560,1581]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">B. ayyammae</emphasis>
Malipatil &amp; Liu
</taxonomicName>
, 
<emphasis id="B0D4EABEFFF1FFF3D35BF9DFB2A0D924" bold="true" box="[1360,1436,1560,1581]" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">
<taxonomicNameLabel id="ABE757C5FFF1FFF3D35BF9DFB2A0D924" box="[1360,1436,1560,1581]" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</emphasis>
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</paragraph>
</keyStep>
<keyStep id="39542E09FFF1FFF3D69CF9F2B2A0D98C" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">
<paragraph id="821F36ACFFF1FFF3D69CF9F2B2A0D96E" blockId="7.[151,1437,151,1816]" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">
<keyLead id="39519599FFF1FFF3D69CF9F2B2A0D96E" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">
26. Abdominal tergites 
<collectionCode id="E4B1AE69FFF1FFF3D794F9F2B684D943" box="[415,440,1589,1610]" country="Norway" name="Mykotektet, National Veterinary Institute" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">VI</collectionCode>
and VII densely covered with golden setae in addition to dark setae but not on other tergites (better seen in posterior slanting view of specimen) (e.g., 
<figureCitation id="1A9B2A29FFF1FFF3D49DF995B5E7D96E" box="[662,731,1618,1640]" captionStart="FIGURE 48" captionStartId="91.[151,250,1476,1500]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,309,1453]" captionTargetId="figure-73@91.[151,1436,309,1453]" captionTargetPageId="91" captionText="FIGURE 48. Brachysandalus setosus (Stål, 1874), live brachypterous male, Brisbane, Queensland, September 2022 (Photo: Campbell Paine)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13211770" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13211770/files/figure.png" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">Fig. 48</figureCitation>
)........................................ 
<taxonomicName id="45A04D2FFFF1FFF3D2CEF994B2A0D96E" authority="(Stal, 1874)" baseAuthorityName="Stal" baseAuthorityYear="1874" box="[1221,1436,1618,1640]" class="Insecta" family="Reduviidae" genus="Brachysandalus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="setosus">
<emphasis id="B0D4EABEFFF1FFF3D2CEF994B219D961" box="[1221,1317,1619,1640]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">B. setosus</emphasis>
(
<bibRefCitation id="E6314B5DFFF1FFF3D339F995B2A9D96E" author="Stal, C." box="[1330,1429,1618,1640]" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" pagination="1 - 186" refId="ref72982" refString="Stal, C. (1874) Enumeratio Hemipterorum. Bidrag till en forteckning ofver alla hittills kanda Hemiptera, jemte systematiska meddelanden. 4. Kongliga Svenska Vetenskaps-Akademiens Handlingar, 12 (1), 1 - 186." type="journal article" year="1874">Stål, 1874</bibRefCitation>
)
</taxonomicName>
</keyLead>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="821F36ACFFF1FFF3D69CF9B7B2A0D98C" blockId="7.[151,1437,151,1816]" box="[151,1436,1647,1669]" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">
<keyLead id="39519599FFF1FFF3D69CF9B7B2A0D98C" box="[151,1436,1647,1669]" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">
-. Abdominal tergites 
<collectionCode id="E4B1AE69FFF1FFF3D7ABF9B7B685D98C" box="[416,441,1648,1669]" country="Norway" name="Mykotektet, National Veterinary Institute" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">VI</collectionCode>
and VII not densely covered with golden setae but only dark setae like other tergites (
<figureCitation id="1A9B2A29FFF1FFF3D2F8F9A8B251D98C" box="[1267,1389,1647,1669]" captionStart="FIGURE 19" captionStartId="41.[151,250,1026,1050]" captionTargetBox="[173,1425,193,991]" captionTargetId="figure-19@41.[151,1436,181,1001]" captionTargetPageId="41" captionText="FIGURE 19. Brachysandalus fulvipennis (Walker, 1873), habitus, dorsal view.A, brachypterous male; B, brachypterous female; C, macropterous male. Scale bar = 3.00 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13211679" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13211679/files/figure.png" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">Fig. 19A&amp;B</figureCitation>
). 27
</keyLead>
</paragraph>
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<keyStep id="39542E09FFF1FFF3D69CF94AB2A0D9B6" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">
<paragraph id="821F36ACFFF1FFF3D69CF94AB2A0D9AB" blockId="7.[151,1437,151,1816]" box="[151,1436,1677,1699]" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">
<keyLead id="39519599FFF1FFF3D69CF94AB2A0D9AB" box="[151,1436,1677,1699]" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">
27. Wing pad almost entirely yellow except dark extreme basal area (
<figureCitation id="1A9B2A29FFF1FFF3D55CF94AB4EDD9AB" box="[855,977,1677,1699]" captionStart="FIGURE 19" captionStartId="41.[151,250,1026,1050]" captionTargetBox="[173,1425,193,991]" captionTargetId="figure-19@41.[151,1436,181,1001]" captionTargetPageId="41" captionText="FIGURE 19. Brachysandalus fulvipennis (Walker, 1873), habitus, dorsal view.A, brachypterous male; B, brachypterous female; C, macropterous male. Scale bar = 3.00 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13211679" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13211679/files/figure.png" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">Fig. 19A&amp;B</figureCitation>
).............. 
<taxonomicName id="45A04D2FFFF1FFF3D288F949B2A0D9AB" authority="(Walker, 1873)" authorityName="Liu &amp; Cai" authorityYear="2024" baseAuthorityName="Walker" baseAuthorityYear="1873" box="[1155,1436,1677,1699]" class="Insecta" family="Reduviidae" genus="Pirates" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="fulvipennis">
<emphasis id="B0D4EABEFFF1FFF3D288F949B23AD9AB" box="[1155,1286,1677,1699]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">B. fulvipennis</emphasis>
(
<bibRefCitation id="E6314B5DFFF1FFF3D318F94AB2A9D9AB" author="Walker, F." box="[1299,1429,1677,1699]" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" refId="ref73200" refString="Walker, F. (1873) Catalogue of the specimens of Hemiptera Heteroptera in the collection of the British Museum. Part VII. Printed for the Trustees of the British Museum, London, 213 pp. https: // doi. org / 10.5962 / bhl. title. 9254" type="book" year="1873">Walker, 1873</bibRefCitation>
)
</taxonomicName>
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</paragraph>
<paragraph id="821F36ACFFF1FFF3D69CF96CB2A0D9B6" blockId="7.[151,1437,151,1816]" box="[151,1436,1706,1728]" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">
<keyLead id="39519599FFF1FFF3D69CF96CB2A0D9B6" box="[151,1436,1706,1728]" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">-. Wing pad basal 1/2–2/3 including narrow costal band on corium black or dark, other area pale coloured................ 28</keyLead>
</paragraph>
</keyStep>
<keyStep id="39542E09FFF1FFF3D69CF90FB2A0D811" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">
<paragraph id="821F36ACFFF1FFF3D69CF90FB2A0D9F3" blockId="7.[151,1437,151,1816]" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">
<keyLead id="39519599FFF1FFF3D69CF90FB2A0D9F3" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">
28. Distribution in 
<collectingRegion id="4064F84EFFF1FFF3D77EF90FB51CD9D4" box="[373,544,1735,1757]" country="Australia" name="Western Australia" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">Western Australia</collectingRegion>
only; male extragenital process absent or occasionally present as a greatly reduced structure (
<figureCitation id="1A9B2A29FFF1FFF3D6E2F922B659D9F2" box="[233,357,1765,1787]" captionStart="FIGURE 55" captionStartId="104.[151,250,1493,1517]" captionTargetBox="[162,1425,192,1459]" captionTargetId="figure-28@104.[151,1436,181,1469]" captionTargetPageId="104" captionText="FIGURE 55. Close-up photos of extragenital process of Australian Brachysandalus species.A, B. sepulchralis (Distant, 1902); B, B. howarthi Malipatil &amp; Liu, sp. nov.; C, B. alutaceus (Reuter, 1881); D, B. helluo Stål, 1866; E, B. ephippiger (White, 1843); F, B. punctorius Stål, 1866; G, B. flavidus Malipatil &amp; Liu, sp. nov.; H, B. crassifemur (Reuter, 1881); I, B. maculatus Malipatil &amp; Liu, sp. nov.; J. B. ayyammae Malipatil &amp; Liu, sp. nov.; K, B. fulvipes Malipatil &amp; Liu, sp. nov.; L, B. gunbalanyae Malipatil &amp; Liu, sp. nov.; M–P, B. westraliensis Malipatil &amp; Liu, sp. nov. Blue arrow indicates extragenital process. Scale bar = 0.50 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13211793" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13211793/files/figure.png" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">Figs. 55M–P</figureCitation>
, 
<figureCitation id="1A9B2A29FFF1FFF3D764F922B68BD9F2" box="[367,439,1765,1787]" captionStart="FIGURE 56" captionStartId="105.[151,250,1494,1518]" captionTargetBox="[162,1425,192,1459]" captionTargetId="figure-19@105.[151,1436,181,1470]" captionTargetPageId="105" captionText="FIGURE 56. Illustrations of extragenital process of Australian Brachysandalus species. A, B. sepulchralis (Distant, 1902); B, B. howarthi Malipatil &amp; Liu, sp. nov.; C, B. alutaceus (Reuter, 1881); D, B. helluo Stål, 1866; E, B. ephippiger (White, 1843); F, B. punctorius Stål, 1866; G, B. flavidus Malipatil &amp; Liu, sp. nov.; H, B. crassifemur (Reuter, 1881); I, B. maculatus Malipatil &amp; Liu, sp. nov.; J. B. ayyammae Malipatil &amp; Liu, sp. nov.; K, B. fulvipes Malipatil &amp; Liu, sp. nov.; L, B. gunbalanyae Malipatil &amp; Liu, sp. nov.; M–P, B. westraliensis Malipatil &amp; Liu, sp. nov. Scale bar = 0.50 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13211797" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13211797/files/figure.png" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">56M–P</figureCitation>
)................................................. 
<taxonomicName id="45A04D2FFFF1FFF3D205F921B27AD9F2" authority="Malipatil &amp; Liu" authorityName="Malipatil &amp; Liu" authorityYear="2024" box="[1038,1350,1765,1787]" class="Insecta" family="Reduviidae" genus="Brachysandalus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="westraliensis" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="B0D4EABEFFF1FFF3D205F921B399D9F3" box="[1038,1189,1765,1787]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">B. westraliensis</emphasis>
Malipatil &amp; Liu
</taxonomicName>
, 
<emphasis id="B0D4EABEFFF1FFF3D35BF922B2A0D9F3" bold="true" box="[1360,1436,1765,1786]" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">
<taxonomicNameLabel id="ABE757C5FFF1FFF3D35BF922B2A0D9F3" box="[1360,1436,1765,1786]" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</emphasis>
</keyLead>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="821F36ACFFF1FFF3D69CF8C4B2A0D811" blockId="7.[151,1437,151,1816]" box="[151,1436,1794,1816]" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">
<keyLead id="39519599FFF1FFF3D69CF8C4B2A0D811" box="[151,1436,1794,1816]" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">
-. Distribution in 
<collectingCountry id="FAB7763CFFF1FFF3D778F8C5B6F7D811" box="[371,459,1794,1816]" name="Australia" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">Australia</collectingCountry>
except 
<collectingRegion id="4064F84EFFF1FFF3D41EF8C4B5FFD811" box="[533,707,1794,1816]" country="Australia" name="Western Australia" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">Western Australia</collectingRegion>
; male extragenital process absent.................. 
<taxonomicName id="45A04D2FFFF1FFF3D2E3F8C4B2A0D811" authority="Stal, 1867" authorityName="Stal" authorityYear="1867" box="[1256,1436,1794,1816]" class="Insecta" family="Reduviidae" genus="Brachysandalus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="lurco">
<emphasis id="B0D4EABEFFF1FFF3D2E3F8C4B209D81E" box="[1256,1333,1794,1816]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">B. lurco</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="E6314B5DFFF1FFF3D330F8C5B2A0D811" author="Stal, C." box="[1339,1436,1794,1816]" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" pagination="235 - 302" refId="ref72943" refString="Stal, C. (1867) Bidrag till Reduviidernas kannendom. Ofversigt af Kongl. Vetenskaps-Akademiens Forhandlingar, 23, 235 - 302. https: // doi. org / 10.5962 / bhl. title. 61897" type="journal article" year="1867">Stål, 1867</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
</keyLead>
</paragraph>
</keyStep>
</key>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>