367 lines
43 KiB
XML
367 lines
43 KiB
XML
<document id="00CAF266D012032E6BFD544E69B3A057" ID-DOI="10.1649/072.064.0201" ID-ISSN="1938-4394" ID-Zenodo-Dep="4893011" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="carolina" IM.metadata_approvedBy="carolina" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="carolina" checkinTime="1622637193889" checkinUser="carolina" docAuthor="Ratcliffe, Brett C." docDate="2010" docId="843A022BFFFBB525CFC1FCDAFD6287B2" docLanguage="en" docName="TheColeopBull.64.2.105-108.pdf.imf" docOrigin="The Coleopterists Bulletin 64 (2)" docStyle="DocumentStyle:0305A7CAC51C960DDA50A7292A4D3620.8:TheColeopBull.2010-2016.journal_article.0cover" docStyleId="0305A7CAC51C960DDA50A7292A4D3620" docStyleName="TheColeopBull.2010-2016.journal_article.0cover" docStyleVersion="8" docTitle="Bothynus nyx Ratcliffe 2010, new species" docType="treatment" docVersion="3" lastPageNumber="107" masterDocId="78037A53FFFBB527CD3EFFA5FFF1822A" masterDocTitle="A New Bolivian Bothynus Hope, 1837 (Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae: Dynastinae: Pentodontini), with a Key to the Species in Bolivia" masterLastPageNumber="108" masterPageNumber="105" pageNumber="105" updateTime="1698952808892" updateUser="plazi" zenodo-license-document="CLOSED">
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<mods:mods id="856209253EF00081E96E1F4C1E4C8C19" xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
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<mods:titleInfo id="0EACE2843EDC3339094124DD39031661">
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<mods:title id="140C8FC5E9CFB0A4F8A51C57844CA1A2">A New Bolivian Bothynus Hope, 1837 (Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae: Dynastinae: Pentodontini), with a Key to the Species in Bolivia</mods:title>
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</mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:name id="D9141174F239760BF312C35EC403E95B" type="personal">
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<mods:role id="B3D3F87D7FDC8B9990701D1826AA3608">
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<mods:roleTerm id="390A09675C688AC0BEBCE56335D0E08C">Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart id="7656E9FE40017F15C5E3426CBD683B41">Ratcliffe, Brett C.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="998EE7E0370229061FADE9489F02CB17">Systematics Research Collections University of Nebraska State Museum W- 436 Nebraska Hall Lincoln, NE 68588 - 0514 U. S. A.</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:nameIdentifier id="43EA74BA2B9C81F880EF1C776B23D77F" type="email">bratcliffe1@unl.edu</mods:nameIdentifier>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:typeOfResource id="4EBA0B339727019B2C6A2564E838BC14">text</mods:typeOfResource>
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<mods:titleInfo id="3A1B571DB40A24970FFF9C95C840C4B6">
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<mods:title id="B570E17DDA3F6B17A45293F7F595415D">The Coleopterists Bulletin</mods:title>
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</mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:part id="713521939CC8C6732CDA3939CACCB568">
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<mods:date id="E30AEE9F1D18839945C7343AA090CBFB">2010</mods:date>
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<mods:detail id="DB4A18A05A969CDFF621EF85B4C1AEF8" type="pubDate">
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<mods:number id="37C29B3F7EA8E7E9F2F7BBC32AE94C29">2010-06-21</mods:number>
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</mods:detail>
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<mods:detail id="FB44B2763C4A4C4B04796846D3128CC3" type="volume">
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<mods:number id="D9233439D23B4D0842C46612DDCB185F">64</mods:number>
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</mods:detail>
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<mods:detail id="5AE1F8A0482A9F442B3E14FB013870E2" type="issue">
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<mods:number id="859E0856706AC0B102A16CC45889B101">2</mods:number>
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</mods:detail>
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<mods:extent id="4C09BF50111B808D9337CE607437FB5F" unit="page">
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<mods:start id="28E3100E58D3364119DB6BABA6CEB46A">105</mods:start>
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<mods:end id="F56199DD6C22F0FC1FB75E55973CF56E">108</mods:end>
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<mods:classification id="6DE852F66A9E43CE11DD38C586E14390">journal article</mods:classification>
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<mods:identifier id="DF091D5BC331721FA335962C86CD79A5" type="DOI">10.1649/072.064.0201</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier id="23A3BBD010E0A8926859F11E0D000017" type="ISSN">1938-4394</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier id="7496425E02529EA2A855D258F789E240" type="Zenodo-Dep">4893011</mods:identifier>
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</mods:mods>
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<treatment id="843A022BFFFBB525CFC1FCDAFD6287B2" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:843A022BFFFBB525CFC1FCDAFD6287B2" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/843A022BFFFBB525CFC1FCDAFD6287B2" lastPageId="2" lastPageNumber="107" pageId="0" pageNumber="105">
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<subSubSection id="4489E0B6FFFBB527CFC1FCDAFC1D8185" pageId="0" pageNumber="105" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph id="0C2CB33DFFFBB527CFC1FCDAFC1D8185" blockId="0.[767,1132,895,943]" pageId="0" pageNumber="105">
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<emphasis id="3EE76F2FFFFBB527CFC1FCDAFB9D81BE" bold="true" box="[767,1132,895,916]" pageId="0" pageNumber="105">
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<taxonomicName id="CB93C8BEFFFBB527CFC1FCDAFC1881BE" authority="Ratcliffe" authorityName="Ratcliffe" authorityYear="2010" box="[767,1001,895,916]" class="Insecta" family="Dynastidae" genus="Bothynus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="105" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="nyx" status="sp. nov.">
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<emphasis id="3EE76F2FFFFBB527CFC1FCDAFC7881BE" bold="true" box="[767,905,895,916]" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="105">Bothynus nyx</emphasis>
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Ratcliffe
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</taxonomicName>
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,
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<taxonomicNameLabel id="25D4D254FFFBB527CEC8FCDAFB9D81BE" box="[1014,1132,895,916]" pageId="0" pageNumber="105" rank="species">new species</taxonomicNameLabel>
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</emphasis>
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(
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<figureCitation id="94A8AFB8FFFBB527CEB8FC3FFC178185" box="[902,998,921,943]" captionStart-0="Fig" captionStart-1="Figs" captionStartId-0="1.[175,207,853,872]" captionStartId-1="2.[197,238,948,967]" captionTargetBox-0="[216,601,232,829]" captionTargetBox-1="[173,1195,183,920]" captionTargetId-0="figure-605@1.[151,638,183,829]" captionTargetId-1="figure-279@2.[173,1195,183,924]" captionTargetPageId-0="1" captionTargetPageId-1="2" captionText-0="Fig. 1. Bothynus nyx. Scale bar = 5 mm." captionText-1="Figs. 2–6. 2) Median claw of left protarsus of Bothynus nyx paratype showing tooth; 3–4) Parameres, caudal (arrow indicates straight shaft) and lateral views, of Bothynus nyx; 5–6) Parameres, caudal (arrow indicates constricted shaft) and lateral views, of Bothynus laevipennis." figureDoi-0="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4893015" figureDoi-1="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4893019" httpUri-0="https://zenodo.org/record/4893015/files/figure.png" httpUri-1="https://zenodo.org/record/4893019/files/figure.png" pageId="0" pageNumber="105">Figs. 1–4</figureCitation>
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)
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="4489E0B6FFFBB526CFE5FC61FE9284EB" lastPageId="1" lastPageNumber="106" pageId="0" pageNumber="105" type="materials_examined">
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<paragraph id="0C2CB33DFFFBB527CFE5FC61FB5B86D4" blockId="0.[707,1194,964,1729]" pageId="0" pageNumber="105">
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<emphasis id="3EE76F2FFFFBB527CFE5FC61FC8881F3" bold="true" box="[731,889,964,985]" pageId="0" pageNumber="105">Type Material.</emphasis>
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H o l o t y p e m a l e, l a b e l e d “
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<collectingCountry id="7484F3ADFFFBB527CFF0FC7AFCC781DE" box="[718,822,991,1012]" name="Bolivia" pageId="0" pageNumber="105">BOLIVIA</collectingCountry>
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:
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<collectingRegion id="CE577DDFFFFBB527CE7FFC7AFC1781DE" box="[833,998,991,1012]" country="Bolivia" name="Santa Cruz" pageId="0" pageNumber="105">Dep. Santa Cruz</collectingRegion>
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/ Bermejo, Refugio Los Volcanes/ Hotel area,
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<geoCoordinate id="69A7D5FAFFFBB527CE82FC5FFBD68625" box="[956,1063,1017,1039]" degrees="18" direction="south" minutes="06" orientation="latitude" pageId="0" pageNumber="105" precision="15" seconds="18" value="-18.105">18°06′18″S</geoCoordinate>
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<geoCoordinate id="69A7D5FAFFFBB527C910FC5FFB538625" box="[1070,1186,1017,1039]" degrees="63" direction="west" minutes="35" orientation="longitude" pageId="0" pageNumber="105" precision="15" seconds="54" value="-63.59833">63°35′54″W</geoCoordinate>
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/
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<date id="782D95FDFFFBB527CFFDFBB1FCC58603" box="[707,820,1044,1065]" pageId="0" pageNumber="105" value="2003-12-09">09.xii.2003</date>
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, at night/ coll D. J. Mann & A. C. Hamel
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<emphasis id="3EE76F2FFFFBB527CE38FB8AFCEB866E" bold="true" box="[774,794,1071,1092]" pageId="0" pageNumber="105">//</emphasis>
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OUMNH-2004-005/ D.J.Mann & C. Hamel coll./ Pres. Mann & Hamel, 2004”/ my
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<typeStatus id="D3280D9FFFFBB527CFFDFBC1FCEC8653" box="[707,797,1124,1145]" pageId="0" pageNumber="105" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
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label. Single male
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<typeStatus id="D3280D9FFFFBB527CEC4FBC1FBA28653" box="[1018,1107,1124,1145]" pageId="0" pageNumber="105" type="paratype">paratype</typeStatus>
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labeled “Chiquitos,
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<collectingCountry id="7484F3ADFFFBB527CE03FBDAFC6E86BE" box="[829,927,1151,1172]" name="Bolivia" pageId="0" pageNumber="105">BOLIVIA</collectingCountry>
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/
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<collectingRegion id="CE577DDFFFFBB527CE8FFBDAFBBF86BE" box="[945,1102,1151,1172]" inferredBySuffix="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="105">Dept. Sta. Cruz</collectingRegion>
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/ XI.59”, my
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<typeStatus id="D3280D9FFFFBB527CFD0FB3CFCB48684" box="[750,837,1177,1198]" pageId="0" pageNumber="105" type="paratype">paratype</typeStatus>
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label.
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<typeStatus id="D3280D9FFFFBB527CEABFB3CFC028684" box="[917,1011,1177,1198]" pageId="0" pageNumber="105" type="holotype">Holotype</typeStatus>
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deposited at the Hope Entomological Collections at Oxford University,
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<materialsCitation id="BCFBB960FFFBB527CE2AFB6BFB5786D4" collectorName="B. C. Ratcliffe" country="United Kingdom" location="United Kingdom" pageId="0" pageNumber="105" specimenCount="1" typeStatus="paratype">
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<collectingCountry id="7484F3ADFFFBB527CE2AFB6BFC3186C9" box="[788,960,1230,1251]" name="United Kingdom" pageId="0" pageNumber="105">United Kingdom</collectingCountry>
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.
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<typeStatus id="D3280D9FFFFBB527CEF0FB6BFBD286C9" box="[974,1059,1230,1251]" pageId="0" pageNumber="105" type="paratype">Paratype</typeStatus>
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deposited in the
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<collectorName id="A166D6EBFFFBB527CFD6FB4CFC8486D4" box="[744,885,1257,1278]" pageId="0" pageNumber="105">B. C. Ratcliffe</collectorName>
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collection (Lincoln, Nebraska)
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</materialsCitation>
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.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="0C2CB33DFFFBB526CFE5FAA6FE9284EB" blockId="0.[707,1194,964,1729]" lastBlockId="1.[151,639,964,1729]" lastPageId="1" lastPageNumber="106" pageId="0" pageNumber="105">
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<emphasis id="3EE76F2FFFFBB527CFE5FAA6FCCF8732" bold="true" box="[731,830,1283,1304]" pageId="0" pageNumber="105">
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||
<typeStatus id="D3280D9FFFFBB527CFE5FAA6FCCB8732" box="[731,826,1283,1304]" pageId="0" pageNumber="105" type="holotype">Holotype</typeStatus>
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.
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</emphasis>
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Male. Length
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<quantity id="CB6B1ED8FFFBB527CEEFFAA6FBD88732" box="[977,1065,1283,1304]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.45" pageId="0" pageNumber="105" unit="mm" value="34.5">34.5 mm</quantity>
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; width across humeri 18.0 mm. Color dark reddish brown.
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<emphasis id="3EE76F2FFFFBB527CFFDFA9CFD068764" box="[707,759,1337,1358]" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="105">Head</emphasis>
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: Frons concentrically, coarsely rugopunctate. Frontoclypeal ridge strongly elevated, slightly arcuate, not quite reaching lateral margins. Clypeus transversally, coarsely rugose; apex gradually contracted to 2 small, broadly spaced, rounded, reflexed teeth. Interocular width equals 3.8 transverse eye diameters. Antenna with broad club, club slightly longer than segments 2–7. Mandibles tridentate with 2 small, apical teeth and basal, rounded tooth.
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<emphasis id="3EE76F2FFFFBB527CE93F98DFBFE8417" box="[941,1039,1576,1597]" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="105">Pronotum</emphasis>
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: Anterior two thirds of pronotum with large, transversely oval fovea; fovea anteriorly with strong tubercle, posteriorly with strong, binodose ridge at center base. Surface in fovea transversely rugose, remainder of surface on anterior half with slightly transverse punctures; punctures moderately dense, moderately large. Surface on posterior third crazed, with small, sparse punctures. Base transversely rugopunctate in narrow band on central third.
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<emphasis id="3EE76F2FFFFAB526CF02FBB1FD868603" box="[572,631,1044,1065]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="106">Elytra</emphasis>
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: Surface weakly shining, minutely shagreened, with moderately impressed, punctate striae; punctures in striae small to moderate in size, ocellate. Sutural stria present. Intervals similar, but irregularly spaced, punctures becoming dense at apical angles. Sides behind humerus vaguely wrinkled and with similar, irregular punctures. Humeral and apical umbones noticeably prominent.
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<emphasis id="3EE76F2FFFFAB526CF3EFB4CFD8686D4" box="[512,631,1257,1278]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="106">Propygidium</emphasis>
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: Apex arcuate, only slightly projecting posteriorly so that
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<taxonomicName id="CB93C8BEFFFAB526CDD8FABBFEB68719" box="[230,327,1310,1331]" family="Trichomycteridae" genus="Pygidium" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Siluriformes" pageId="1" pageNumber="106" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">pygidium</taxonomicName>
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is nearly “normal” in length.
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<taxonomicName id="CB93C8BEFFFAB526CDA9FA9CFEBD8767" authority=": Surface" authorityName="Surface" box="[151,332,1336,1358]" family="Trichomycteridae" genus="Pygidium" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Siluriformes" pageId="1" pageNumber="106" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="3EE76F2FFFFAB526CDA9FA9CFF028764" box="[151,243,1337,1358]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="106">Pygidium</emphasis>
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: Surface
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</taxonomicName>
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completely, transversely rugulose. Basal fourth with short, moderately dense, reddish brown setae. In lateral view, surface evenly convex.
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<emphasis id="3EE76F2FFFFAB526CDD0FA2DFEED87B7" box="[238,284,1416,1437]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="106">Legs</emphasis>
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: Protibia tridentate. Protarsus with claws equal in size, median claw with ventral swelling. Metatibia with 2 transverse carinae on lateral surface, apex broadly rounded and with 20–25 “sockets” for stout setae (many setae abraded away). Apex of basal tarsomere of metatarsus elongated into stout, triangular spine.
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<emphasis id="3EE76F2FFFFAB526CF05F98DFD868417" box="[571,631,1576,1597]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="106">Venter</emphasis>
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: Prosternal process moderate in length, apex round, clothed with dense, long, reddish brown setae.
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<emphasis id="3EE76F2FFFFAB526CDA9F9D2FF0E84A6" box="[151,255,1655,1676]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="106">Parameres</emphasis>
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: Shaft, in caudal view (
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<figureCitation id="94A8AFB8FFFAB526CCC7F9D2FDC684A6" box="[505,567,1655,1676]" captionStart="Figs" captionStartId="2.[197,238,948,967]" captionTargetBox="[173,1195,183,920]" captionTargetId="figure-279@2.[173,1195,183,924]" captionTargetPageId="2" captionText="Figs. 2–6. 2) Median claw of left protarsus of Bothynus nyx paratype showing tooth; 3–4) Parameres, caudal (arrow indicates straight shaft) and lateral views, of Bothynus nyx; 5–6) Parameres, caudal (arrow indicates constricted shaft) and lateral views, of Bothynus laevipennis." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4893019" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4893019/files/figure.png" pageId="1" pageNumber="106">Fig. 3</figureCitation>
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), stout and nearly straight to apex; strongly falcate in lateral view (
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<figureCitation id="94A8AFB8FFFAB526CC27F909FEA684EB" box="[281,343,1708,1729]" captionStart="Figs" captionStartId="2.[197,238,948,967]" captionTargetBox="[173,1195,183,920]" captionTargetId="figure-279@2.[173,1195,183,924]" captionTargetPageId="2" captionText="Figs. 2–6. 2) Median claw of left protarsus of Bothynus nyx paratype showing tooth; 3–4) Parameres, caudal (arrow indicates straight shaft) and lateral views, of Bothynus nyx; 5–6) Parameres, caudal (arrow indicates constricted shaft) and lateral views, of Bothynus laevipennis." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4893019" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4893019/files/figure.png" pageId="1" pageNumber="106">Fig. 4</figureCitation>
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).
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="4489E0B6FFFAB526CFFBFF67FC2F8352" pageId="1" pageNumber="106" type="description">
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||
<paragraph id="0C2CB33DFFFAB526CFFBFF67FC2F8352" blockId="1.[685,1172,194,1073]" pageId="1" pageNumber="106">
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<emphasis id="3EE76F2FFFFAB526CFFBFF67FCDB82FD" bold="true" box="[709,810,194,215]" pageId="1" pageNumber="106">Variation.</emphasis>
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Males (
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<specimenCount id="1A9578B4FFFAB526CE41FF67FC1582FD" box="[895,996,194,215]" pageId="1" pageNumber="106" type="generic" typeStatus="paratype">1 paratype</specimenCount>
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||
). Length
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<quantity id="CB6B1ED8FFFAB526C904FF67FB6182FD" box="[1082,1168,194,215]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.13" pageId="1" pageNumber="106" unit="mm" value="31.3">31.3 mm</quantity>
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; width across humeri
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<quantity id="CB6B1ED8FFFAB526CE45FF78FC2482D8" box="[891,981,221,242]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.55" pageId="1" pageNumber="106" unit="mm" value="15.5">15.5 mm</quantity>
|
||
. The
|
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<typeStatus id="D3280D9FFFFAB526C930FF78FBAE82D8" box="[1038,1119,221,242]" pageId="1" pageNumber="106" type="paratype">paratype</typeStatus>
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||
does not differ significantly from the
|
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<typeStatus id="D3280D9FFFFAB526C934FF5DFB958327" box="[1034,1124,248,269]" pageId="1" pageNumber="106" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
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||
, except that the median claw of the protarsus has a distinct tooth on the ventral surface (
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<figureCitation id="94A8AFB8FFFAB526C917FE88FB988368" box="[1065,1129,301,322]" captionStart="Figs" captionStartId="2.[197,238,948,967]" captionTargetBox="[173,1195,183,920]" captionTargetId="figure-279@2.[173,1195,183,924]" captionTargetPageId="2" captionText="Figs. 2–6. 2) Median claw of left protarsus of Bothynus nyx paratype showing tooth; 3–4) Parameres, caudal (arrow indicates straight shaft) and lateral views, of Bothynus nyx; 5–6) Parameres, caudal (arrow indicates constricted shaft) and lateral views, of Bothynus laevipennis." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4893019" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4893019/files/figure.png" pageId="1" pageNumber="106">Fig. 2</figureCitation>
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||
). In the
|
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<typeStatus id="D3280D9FFFFAB526CFEAFEEDFCDB8377" box="[724,810,328,349]" pageId="1" pageNumber="106" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
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, this area is represented by a swelling only, perhaps due to wear.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="4489E0B6FFFAB526CFFBFEDBFC61801E" pageId="1" pageNumber="106" type="etymology">
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||
<paragraph id="0C2CB33DFFFAB526CFFBFEDBFC61801E" blockId="1.[685,1172,194,1073]" pageId="1" pageNumber="106">
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<emphasis id="3EE76F2FFFFAB526CFFBFEDBFCC983B9" bold="true" box="[709,824,382,403]" pageId="1" pageNumber="106">Etymology.</emphasis>
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In the cosmogony of Hesiod in Greek mythology, Nyx was the goddess of the night, one of the first-born, elemental gods that came from air, chaos (Khaos) (
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<bibRefCitation id="6802CECCFFFAB526CEDDFE6BFBAC83C9" author="Atsma" box="[995,1117,462,483]" pageId="1" pageNumber="106" refId="ref1860" refString="Atsma, A. J. 2008. Nyx. Available at: www. theoi. com / Protogenos / Nyx. html (Accessed 4 January 2010)." type="book" year="2008">Atsma 2008</bibRefCitation>
|
||
) (see also quote at beginning of paper). This species is so named in reference to the nocturnal habits of adult
|
||
<taxonomicName id="CB93C8BEFFFAB526CFDBFDBAFC61801E" box="[741,912,543,564]" class="Insecta" family="Dynastidae" genus="Bothynus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="1" pageNumber="106" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="undetermined">
|
||
<emphasis id="3EE76F2FFFFAB526CFDBFDBAFCCC801E" box="[741,829,543,564]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="106">Bothynus</emphasis>
|
||
species.
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="4489E0B6FFFAB526CFFBFD9CFC9680FE" pageId="1" pageNumber="106" type="distribution">
|
||
<paragraph id="0C2CB33DFFFAB526CFFBFD9CFC9680FE" blockId="1.[685,1172,194,1073]" pageId="1" pageNumber="106">
|
||
<emphasis id="3EE76F2FFFFAB526CFFBFD9CFCB98064" bold="true" box="[709,840,569,590]" pageId="1" pageNumber="106">Distribution.</emphasis>
|
||
<taxonomicName id="CB93C8BEFFFAB526CE6BFD9CFC258064" authorityName="Ratcliffe" authorityYear="2010" box="[853,980,569,590]" class="Insecta" family="Dynastidae" genus="Bothynus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="1" pageNumber="106" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="nyx">
|
||
<emphasis id="3EE76F2FFFFAB526CE6BFD9CFC258064" box="[853,980,569,590]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="106">Bothynus nyx</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
is known only from the department of
|
||
<collectingRegion id="CE577DDFFFFAB526CE4CFDF1FC178043" box="[882,998,596,617]" country="Bolivia" name="Santa Cruz" pageId="1" pageNumber="106">Santa Cruz</collectingRegion>
|
||
in south-central
|
||
<collectingCountry id="7484F3ADFFFAB526CF93FDCAFD0780AE" box="[685,758,623,644]" name="Bolivia" pageId="1" pageNumber="106">Bolivia</collectingCountry>
|
||
on the eastern slope of the Andes. Los Volcanes is located about
|
||
<quantity id="CB6B1ED8FFFAB526CE83FD2FFC0F80B5" box="[957,1022,650,671]" metricMagnitude="4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.0" pageId="1" pageNumber="106" unit="km" value="50.0">50 km</quantity>
|
||
west of
|
||
<collectingRegion id="CE577DDFFFFAB526C963FD2FFD2C8093" country="Bolivia" name="Santa Cruz" pageId="1" pageNumber="106">Santa Cruz</collectingRegion>
|
||
, and San José de Chiquitos is about
|
||
<quantity id="CB6B1ED8FFFAB526C977FD01FB628093" box="[1097,1171,676,697]" metricMagnitude="5" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.5" pageId="1" pageNumber="106" unit="km" value="250.0">250 km</quantity>
|
||
east of
|
||
<collectingRegion id="CE577DDFFFFAB526CFC8FD1AFC9280FE" box="[758,867,703,724]" country="Bolivia" name="Santa Cruz" pageId="1" pageNumber="106">Santa Cruz</collectingRegion>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="4489E0B6FFFAB526CFFBFD7FFC3F861B" pageId="1" pageNumber="106" type="diagnosis">
|
||
<paragraph id="0C2CB33DFFFAB526CFFBFD7FFC3F861B" blockId="1.[685,1172,194,1073]" pageId="1" pageNumber="106">
|
||
<emphasis id="3EE76F2FFFFAB526CFFBFD7FFCDF80C5" bold="true" box="[709,814,730,751]" pageId="1" pageNumber="106">Diagnosis.</emphasis>
|
||
<taxonomicName id="CB93C8BEFFFAB526CE02FD7FFC3380C5" authorityName="Ratcliffe" authorityYear="2010" box="[828,962,730,751]" class="Insecta" family="Dynastidae" genus="Bothynus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="1" pageNumber="106" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="nyx">
|
||
<emphasis id="3EE76F2FFFFAB526CE02FD7FFC3380C5" box="[828,962,730,751]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="106">Bothynus nyx</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
most closely resembles
|
||
<taxonomicName id="CB93C8BEFFFAB526CFE1FD50FBF18120" authority="Arrow" authorityName="Arrow" authorityYear="1937" box="[735,1024,757,778]" class="Insecta" family="Dynastidae" genus="Bothynus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="1" pageNumber="106" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="laevipennis">
|
||
<emphasis id="3EE76F2FFFFAB526CFE1FD50FC478120" box="[735,950,757,778]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="106">Bothynus laevipennis</emphasis>
|
||
Arrow
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
in overall appearance.
|
||
<taxonomicName id="CB93C8BEFFFAB526CE28FCB5FC6E810F" authorityName="Ratcliffe" authorityYear="2010" box="[790,927,784,805]" class="Insecta" family="Dynastidae" genus="Bothynus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="1" pageNumber="106" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="nyx">
|
||
<emphasis id="3EE76F2FFFFAB526CE28FCB5FC6E810F" box="[790,927,784,805]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="106">Bothynus nyx</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
is distinguished by the presence of a ventral tooth on the median claw of the protarsus (
|
||
<figureCitation id="94A8AFB8FFFAB526CE58FCE0FC588170" box="[870,937,837,858]" captionStart="Figs" captionStartId="2.[197,238,948,967]" captionTargetBox="[173,1195,183,920]" captionTargetId="figure-279@2.[173,1195,183,924]" captionTargetPageId="2" captionText="Figs. 2–6. 2) Median claw of left protarsus of Bothynus nyx paratype showing tooth; 3–4) Parameres, caudal (arrow indicates straight shaft) and lateral views, of Bothynus nyx; 5–6) Parameres, caudal (arrow indicates constricted shaft) and lateral views, of Bothynus laevipennis." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4893019" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4893019/files/figure.png" pageId="1" pageNumber="106">Fig. 2</figureCitation>
|
||
), whereas the claw in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="CB93C8BEFFFAB526CF93FCC5FCC9815F" authorityName="Arrow" authorityYear="1937" box="[685,824,864,885]" class="Insecta" family="Dynastidae" genus="Bothynus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="1" pageNumber="106" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="laevipennis">
|
||
<emphasis id="3EE76F2FFFFAB526CF93FCC5FCC9815F" box="[685,824,864,885]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="106">B. laevipennis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
is simple. In addition, the shaft of the parameres of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="CB93C8BEFFFAB526CE65FCDEFC6881BA" authorityName="Ratcliffe" authorityYear="2010" box="[859,921,891,912]" class="Insecta" family="Dynastidae" genus="Bothynus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="1" pageNumber="106" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="nyx">
|
||
<emphasis id="3EE76F2FFFFAB526CE65FCDEFC6881BA" box="[859,921,891,912]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="106">B. nyx</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, in caudal view (
|
||
<figureCitation id="94A8AFB8FFFAB526C974FCDEFB7681BA" box="[1098,1159,891,912]" captionStart="Figs" captionStartId="2.[197,238,948,967]" captionTargetBox="[173,1195,183,920]" captionTargetId="figure-279@2.[173,1195,183,924]" captionTargetPageId="2" captionText="Figs. 2–6. 2) Median claw of left protarsus of Bothynus nyx paratype showing tooth; 3–4) Parameres, caudal (arrow indicates straight shaft) and lateral views, of Bothynus nyx; 5–6) Parameres, caudal (arrow indicates constricted shaft) and lateral views, of Bothynus laevipennis." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4893019" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4893019/files/figure.png" pageId="1" pageNumber="106">Fig. 3</figureCitation>
|
||
), is stout and nearly straight to the apex, whereas the shaft in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="CB93C8BEFFFAB526CE23FC14FC5281EC" authorityName="Arrow" authorityYear="1937" box="[797,931,945,966]" class="Insecta" family="Dynastidae" genus="Bothynus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="1" pageNumber="106" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="laevipennis">
|
||
<emphasis id="3EE76F2FFFFAB526CE23FC14FC5281EC" box="[797,931,945,966]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="106">B. laevipennis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(
|
||
<figureCitation id="94A8AFB8FFFAB526CE8EFC14FC1981EC" box="[944,1000,945,966]" captionStart="Figs" captionStartId="2.[197,238,948,967]" captionTargetBox="[173,1195,183,920]" captionTargetId="figure-279@2.[173,1195,183,924]" captionTargetPageId="2" captionText="Figs. 2–6. 2) Median claw of left protarsus of Bothynus nyx paratype showing tooth; 3–4) Parameres, caudal (arrow indicates straight shaft) and lateral views, of Bothynus nyx; 5–6) Parameres, caudal (arrow indicates constricted shaft) and lateral views, of Bothynus laevipennis." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4893019" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4893019/files/figure.png" pageId="1" pageNumber="106">Fig. 5</figureCitation>
|
||
) is distinctly constricted before the apical lobe. In lateral view, the parameres of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="CB93C8BEFFFAB526CE09FC42FC8781D6" authorityName="Ratcliffe" authorityYear="2010" box="[823,886,999,1020]" class="Insecta" family="Dynastidae" genus="Bothynus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="1" pageNumber="106" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="nyx">
|
||
<emphasis id="3EE76F2FFFFAB526CE09FC42FC8781D6" box="[823,886,999,1020]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="106">B. nyx</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
are strongly falcate (
|
||
<figureCitation id="94A8AFB8FFFAB526C971FC43FB7681D1" box="[1103,1159,998,1019]" captionStart="Figs" captionStartId="2.[197,238,948,967]" captionTargetBox="[173,1195,183,920]" captionTargetId="figure-279@2.[173,1195,183,924]" captionTargetPageId="2" captionText="Figs. 2–6. 2) Median claw of left protarsus of Bothynus nyx paratype showing tooth; 3–4) Parameres, caudal (arrow indicates straight shaft) and lateral views, of Bothynus nyx; 5–6) Parameres, caudal (arrow indicates constricted shaft) and lateral views, of Bothynus laevipennis." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4893019" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4893019/files/figure.png" pageId="1" pageNumber="106">Fig 4</figureCitation>
|
||
), whereas the parameres of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="CB93C8BEFFFAB526CEEFFBA4FB96863C" authorityName="Arrow" authorityYear="1937" box="[977,1127,1025,1046]" class="Insecta" family="Dynastidae" genus="Bothynus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="1" pageNumber="106" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="laevipennis">
|
||
<emphasis id="3EE76F2FFFFAB526CEEFFBA4FB96863C" box="[977,1127,1025,1046]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="106">B. laevipennis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
are bluntly subtriangular (
|
||
<figureCitation id="94A8AFB8FFFAB526CEBBFBB9FC33861B" box="[901,962,1052,1073]" captionStart="Figs" captionStartId="2.[197,238,948,967]" captionTargetBox="[173,1195,183,920]" captionTargetId="figure-279@2.[173,1195,183,924]" captionTargetPageId="2" captionText="Figs. 2–6. 2) Median claw of left protarsus of Bothynus nyx paratype showing tooth; 3–4) Parameres, caudal (arrow indicates straight shaft) and lateral views, of Bothynus nyx; 5–6) Parameres, caudal (arrow indicates constricted shaft) and lateral views, of Bothynus laevipennis." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4893019" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4893019/files/figure.png" pageId="1" pageNumber="106">Fig. 6</figureCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<caption id="58ECE3B5FFFAB526CD91FCF0FDD28142" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4893015" ID-Zenodo-Dep="4893015" box="[175,547,853,872]" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4893015/files/figure.png" pageId="1" pageNumber="106" startId="1.[175,207,853,872]" targetBox="[216,601,232,829]" targetPageId="1">
|
||
<paragraph id="0C2CB33DFFFAB526CD91FCF0FDD28142" blockId="1.[175,547,853,872]" box="[175,547,853,872]" pageId="1" pageNumber="106">
|
||
<emphasis id="3EE76F2FFFFAB526CD91FCF0FF1A8142" bold="true" box="[175,235,853,872]" pageId="1" pageNumber="106">Fig. 1.</emphasis>
|
||
<taxonomicName id="CB93C8BEFFFAB526CC3FFCF0FE85814D" authorityName="Ratcliffe" authorityYear="2010" box="[257,372,853,871]" class="Insecta" family="Dynastidae" genus="Bothynus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="1" pageNumber="106" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="nyx">
|
||
<emphasis id="3EE76F2FFFFAB526CC3FFCF0FE85814D" box="[257,372,853,871]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="106">Bothynus nyx</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
. Scale bar = 5 mm.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<subSubSection id="4489E0B6FFFAB525CFE6FBC0FD6287B2" lastPageId="2" lastPageNumber="107" pageId="1" pageNumber="106" type="key">
|
||
<paragraph id="0C2CB33DFFFAB526CFE6FBC0FC2986DB" blockId="1.[725,1132,1125,1265]" pageId="1" pageNumber="106">
|
||
<emphasis id="3EE76F2FFFFAB526CFE6FBC0FBE786BD" bold="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="106">
|
||
KEY TO THE SPECIES OF ADULT MALE
|
||
<taxonomicName id="CB93C8BEFFFAB526CE15FB27FC4686BD" authority="OF" authorityName="OF" box="[811,951,1154,1178]" class="Insecta" family="Dynastidae" genus="Bothynus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="1" pageNumber="106" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="3EE76F2FFFFAB526CE15FB27FC6586BD" bold="true" box="[811,916,1154,1178]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="106">BOTHYNUS</emphasis>
|
||
OF
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<collectingCountry id="7484F3ADFFFAB526CE81FB27FBE786BD" box="[959,1046,1154,1177]" name="Bolivia" pageId="1" pageNumber="106">BOLIVIA</collectingCountry>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
(modified from
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="6802CECCFFFAB526CE96FB04FBDC869C" author="Endrodi & The Dynastinae of the World" box="[936,1069,1185,1206]" pageId="1" pageNumber="106" refId="ref1954" refString="Endrodi, S. 1985. The Dynastinae of the World. Dr. W. Junk Publisher, Dordrecht, Netherlands. 800 pp." type="book" year="1985">Endrödi 1985</bibRefCitation>
|
||
) (females are best identified by association with males)
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<key id="7802E40CFFFAB525CF93FAA6FD6287B2" lastPageId="2" lastPageNumber="107" pageId="1" pageNumber="106">
|
||
<keyStep id="B767AB98FFFAB526CF93FAA6FB658772" pageId="1" pageNumber="106">
|
||
<paragraph id="0C2CB33DFFFAB526CF93FAA6FB658732" blockId="1.[685,1172,1283,1304]" box="[685,1172,1283,1304]" pageId="1" pageNumber="106">
|
||
<keyLead id="B7621008FFFAB526CF93FAA6FB658732" box="[685,1172,1283,1304]" pageId="1" pageNumber="106">1. Elytra smooth, without impressed striae ......2</keyLead>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="0C2CB33DFFFAB526CF93FA8DFB658772" blockId="1.[685,1173,1320,1729]" pageId="1" pageNumber="106">
|
||
<keyLead id="B7621008FFFAB526CF93FA8DFB658772" pageId="1" pageNumber="106">1′. Elytra with distinctly impressed, punctate striae ..............................................................3</keyLead>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</keyStep>
|
||
<keyStep id="B767AB98FFFAB526CF93FAC3FB6284EB" pageId="1" pageNumber="106">
|
||
<paragraph id="0C2CB33DFFFAB526CF93FAC3FB6587D5" blockId="1.[685,1173,1320,1729]" pageId="1" pageNumber="106">
|
||
<keyLead id="B7621008FFFAB526CF93FAC3FB6587D5" pageId="1" pageNumber="106">
|
||
2. Protarsus of male with median claw incised. Metatibia lacking basal, transverse carina; apex with about 40 mostly slender setae. Parameres of male with large, acute, ventral tooth. Length
|
||
<quantity id="CB6B1ED8FFFAB526CE57FA75FC2487CF" box="[873,981,1487,1509]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.7" metricValueMax="3.0" metricValueMin="2.4" pageId="1" pageNumber="106" unit="mm" value="27.0" valueMax="30.0" valueMin="24.0">24–30 mm</quantity>
|
||
............................... ......................................
|
||
<taxonomicName id="CB93C8BEFFFAB526CEFAFA4FFB6587D5" authority="(Germar)" baseAuthorityName="Germar" baseAuthorityYear="1824" box="[964,1172,1514,1535]" class="Insecta" family="Dynastidae" genus="Bothynus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="1" pageNumber="106" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="medon">
|
||
<emphasis id="3EE76F2FFFFAB526CEFAFA4FFB6587D5" bold="true" box="[964,1172,1514,1535]" pageId="1" pageNumber="106">
|
||
<emphasis id="3EE76F2FFFFAB526CEFAFA4FFBD487D5" bold="true" box="[964,1061,1514,1535]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="106">B. medon</emphasis>
|
||
(Germar)
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
</keyLead>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="0C2CB33DFFFAB526CF93F9A8FB6284EB" blockId="1.[685,1173,1320,1729]" pageId="1" pageNumber="106">
|
||
<keyLead id="B7621008FFFAB526CF93F9A8FB6284EB" pageId="1" pageNumber="106">
|
||
2′. Protarsus of male with median claw entire, not incised. Metatibia with basal, transverse carina present (although usually very weak); apex with 25–35 short, stout setae. Parameres of male with large, angulate lobe on venter. Length
|
||
<quantity id="CB6B1ED8FFFAB526CE16F937FC60848D" box="[808,913,1681,1703]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.6" metricValueMax="3.0" metricValueMin="2.2" pageId="1" pageNumber="106" unit="mm" value="26.0" valueMax="30.0" valueMin="22.0">22–30 mm</quantity>
|
||
.......................................... .............................
|
||
<taxonomicName id="CB93C8BEFFFAB526CEB3F909FB6284EB" authority="Mannerheim" authorityName="Mannerheim" box="[909,1171,1708,1729]" class="Insecta" family="Dynastidae" genus="Bothynus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="1" pageNumber="106" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="cunctator">
|
||
<emphasis id="3EE76F2FFFFAB526CEB3F909FB6284EB" bold="true" box="[909,1171,1708,1729]" pageId="1" pageNumber="106">
|
||
<emphasis id="3EE76F2FFFFAB526CEB3F909FBF984EB" bold="true" box="[909,1032,1708,1729]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="106">B. cunctator</emphasis>
|
||
Mannerheim
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
</keyLead>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</keyStep>
|
||
<caption id="58ECE3B5FFF9B525CDFBFC11FDA481DC" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4893019" ID-Zenodo-Dep="4893019" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4893019/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="107" startId="2.[197,238,948,967]" targetBox="[173,1195,183,920]" targetPageId="2">
|
||
<paragraph id="0C2CB33DFFF9B525CDFBFC11FDA481DC" blockId="2.[173,1193,947,1014]" pageId="2" pageNumber="107">
|
||
<emphasis id="3EE76F2FFFF9B525CDFBFC11FEBD81ED" bold="true" box="[197,332,947,967]" pageId="2" pageNumber="107">Figs. 2–6. 2)</emphasis>
|
||
Median claw of left protarsus of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="CB93C8BEFFF9B525CF42FC11FD0381EC" authorityName="Ratcliffe" authorityYear="2010" box="[636,754,948,966]" class="Insecta" family="Dynastidae" genus="Bothynus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="107" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="nyx">
|
||
<emphasis id="3EE76F2FFFF9B525CF42FC11FD0381EC" box="[636,754,948,966]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="107">Bothynus nyx</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
paratype showing tooth;
|
||
<emphasis id="3EE76F2FFFF9B525CEE8FC11FBF281ED" bold="true" box="[982,1027,947,967]" pageId="2" pageNumber="107">3–4)</emphasis>
|
||
Parameres, caudal (arrow indicates straight shaft) and lateral views, of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="CB93C8BEFFF9B525CF53FC69FD2E81F4" authorityName="Ratcliffe" authorityYear="2010" box="[621,735,972,990]" class="Insecta" family="Dynastidae" genus="Bothynus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="107" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="nyx">
|
||
<emphasis id="3EE76F2FFFF9B525CF53FC69FD2E81F4" box="[621,735,972,990]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="107">Bothynus nyx</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
;
|
||
<emphasis id="3EE76F2FFFF9B525CFD5FC69FCE781F5" bold="true" box="[747,790,971,991]" pageId="2" pageNumber="107">5–6)</emphasis>
|
||
Parameres, caudal (arrow indicates constricted shaft) and lateral views, of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="CB93C8BEFFF9B525CCA4FC41FDA181DC" authorityName="Arrow" authorityYear="1937" box="[410,592,996,1014]" class="Insecta" family="Dynastidae" genus="Bothynus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="107" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="laevipennis">
|
||
<emphasis id="3EE76F2FFFF9B525CCA4FC41FDA181DC" box="[410,592,996,1014]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="107">Bothynus laevipennis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<keyStep id="B767AB98FFF9B525CD93FBC7FD6286C3" pageId="2" pageNumber="107">
|
||
<paragraph id="0C2CB33DFFF9B525CD93FBC7FD6286BB" blockId="2.[173,659,1122,1433]" pageId="2" pageNumber="107">
|
||
<keyLead id="B7621008FFF9B525CD93FBC7FD6286BB" pageId="2" pageNumber="107">3. Protarsus of male with median claw simple .........................................................................4</keyLead>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="0C2CB33DFFF9B525CD93FB3AFD6286C3" blockId="2.[173,659,1122,1433]" pageId="2" pageNumber="107">
|
||
<keyLead id="B7621008FFF9B525CD93FB3AFD6286C3" pageId="2" pageNumber="107">
|
||
3′. Protarsus of male with median claw toothed beneath (
|
||
<figureCitation id="94A8AFB8FFF9B525CC08FB1CFE8586E4" box="[310,372,1209,1230]" captionStart="Figs" captionStartId="2.[197,238,948,967]" captionTargetBox="[173,1195,183,920]" captionTargetId="figure-279@2.[173,1195,183,924]" captionTargetPageId="2" captionText="Figs. 2–6. 2) Median claw of left protarsus of Bothynus nyx paratype showing tooth; 3–4) Parameres, caudal (arrow indicates straight shaft) and lateral views, of Bothynus nyx; 5–6) Parameres, caudal (arrow indicates constricted shaft) and lateral views, of Bothynus laevipennis." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4893019" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4893019/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="107">Fig. 2</figureCitation>
|
||
). Length
|
||
<quantity id="CB6B1ED8FFF9B525CCEBFB1CFDCF86E4" box="[469,574,1209,1231]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.35" metricValueMax="3.5" metricValueMin="3.2" pageId="2" pageNumber="107" unit="mm" value="33.5" valueMax="35.0" valueMin="32.0">32–35 mm</quantity>
|
||
............. ..............................................
|
||
<taxonomicName id="CB93C8BEFFF9B525CCCFFB71FD6286C3" authority="Ratcliffe" authorityName="Ratcliffe" authorityYear="2010" box="[497,659,1236,1257]" class="Insecta" family="Dynastidae" genus="Bothynus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="107" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="nyx">
|
||
<emphasis id="3EE76F2FFFF9B525CCCFFB71FD6286C3" bold="true" box="[497,659,1236,1257]" pageId="2" pageNumber="107">
|
||
<emphasis id="3EE76F2FFFF9B525CCCFFB71FDC586C3" bold="true" box="[497,564,1236,1257]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="107">B. nyx</emphasis>
|
||
Ratcliffe
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
</keyLead>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</keyStep>
|
||
<keyStep id="B767AB98FFF9B525CD93FB53FD6287B2" pageId="2" pageNumber="107">
|
||
<paragraph id="0C2CB33DFFF9B525CD93FB53FD62876B" blockId="2.[173,659,1122,1433]" pageId="2" pageNumber="107">
|
||
<keyLead id="B7621008FFF9B525CD93FB53FD62876B" pageId="2" pageNumber="107">
|
||
4. Elytra weakly striate.
|
||
<taxonomicName id="CB93C8BEFFF9B525CC83FB53FDED8721" box="[445,540,1270,1291]" family="Trichomycteridae" genus="Pygidium" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Siluriformes" pageId="2" pageNumber="106" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">Pygidium</taxonomicName>
|
||
completely rugulose. Length
|
||
<quantity id="CB6B1ED8FFF9B525CCB9FAB4FE01870C" box="[391,496,1296,1318]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.15" metricValueMax="3.7" metricValueMin="2.6" pageId="2" pageNumber="107" unit="mm" value="31.5" valueMax="37.0" valueMin="26.0">26–37 mm</quantity>
|
||
.......................... .....................................
|
||
<taxonomicName id="CB93C8BEFFF9B525CC85FA8EFD62876B" authority="Arrow" authorityName="Arrow" authorityYear="1937" box="[443,659,1323,1345]" class="Insecta" family="Dynastidae" genus="Bothynus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="107" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="laevipennis">
|
||
<emphasis id="3EE76F2FFFF9B525CC85FA8EFD62876B" bold="true" box="[443,659,1323,1345]" pageId="2" pageNumber="107">
|
||
<emphasis id="3EE76F2FFFF9B525CC85FA8EFDB6876A" bold="true" box="[443,583,1323,1344]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="107">B. laevipennis</emphasis>
|
||
Arrow
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
</keyLead>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="0C2CB33DFFF9B525CD93FAEBFD6287B2" blockId="2.[173,659,1122,1433]" pageId="2" pageNumber="107">
|
||
<keyLead id="B7621008FFF9B525CD93FAEBFD6287B2" pageId="2" pageNumber="107">
|
||
4′. Elytra strongly striate.
|
||
<taxonomicName id="CB93C8BEFFF9B525CCF5FAEBFDDA8749" box="[459,555,1358,1379]" family="Trichomycteridae" genus="Pygidium" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Siluriformes" pageId="2" pageNumber="106" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">Pygidium</taxonomicName>
|
||
with disc smooth or with sparse punctures. Length
|
||
<quantity id="CB6B1ED8FFF9B525CDE2FA26FEB487B2" box="[220,325,1411,1433]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.9" metricValueMax="2.5" metricValueMin="1.3" pageId="2" pageNumber="107" unit="mm" value="19.0" valueMax="25.0" valueMin="13.0">13–25 mm</quantity>
|
||
............
|
||
<taxonomicName id="CB93C8BEFFF9B525CCAAFA26FD6287B2" authority="(Fairmaire)" baseAuthorityName="Fairmaire" baseAuthorityYear="1878" box="[404,659,1411,1432]" class="Insecta" family="Dynastidae" genus="Bothynus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="107" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="striatellus">
|
||
<emphasis id="3EE76F2FFFF9B525CCAAFA26FD6287B2" bold="true" box="[404,659,1411,1432]" pageId="2" pageNumber="107">
|
||
<emphasis id="3EE76F2FFFF9B525CCAAFA26FDE087B2" bold="true" box="[404,529,1411,1432]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="107">B. striatellus</emphasis>
|
||
(Fairmaire)
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
</keyLead>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</keyStep>
|
||
</key>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |