159 lines
15 KiB
XML
159 lines
15 KiB
XML
<document ID-DOI="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1161.93754" ID-Pensoft-Pub="1313-2970-1161-1" ID-Pensoft-UUID="97BBCF0865EA537F8147171EA5BBA1B5" ID-ZooBank="4CE0D6C5C3044F748387FCC71F8F8AC0" ModsDocID="1313-2970-1161-1" checkinTime="1683904571549" checkinUser="pensoft" docAuthor="Diaz, Maria Cristina, Nuttall, Marissa, Pomponi, Shirley A., Ruetzler, Klaus, Klontz, Sarah, Adams, Christi, Hickerson, Emma L. & Schmahl, G. P." docDate="2023" docId="53279E26061C5E249B6BE42C0F12FE57" docLanguage="en" docName="ZooKeys 1161: 1-68" docOrigin="ZooKeys 1161" docPubDate="2023-05-11" docSource="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1161.93754" docTitle="Verongula rigida" docType="treatment" docVersion="1" id="97BBCF0865EA537F8147171EA5BBA1B5" lastPageNumber="1" masterDocId="97BBCF0865EA537F8147171EA5BBA1B5" masterDocTitle="An annotated and illustrated identification guide to common mesophotic reef sponges (Porifera, Demospongiae, Hexactinellida, and Homoscleromorpha) inhabiting Flower Garden Banks National Marine Sanctuary and vicinities" masterLastPageNumber="68" masterPageNumber="1" pageNumber="1" updateTime="1683904571549" updateUser="pensoft">
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<mods:titleInfo id="A46E9C2C1F7E01C5EF0A0EAADC0FAAEB">
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<mods:title id="F19AA5F785ECC953B871892CA5A4F3A6">An annotated and illustrated identification guide to common mesophotic reef sponges (Porifera, Demospongiae, Hexactinellida, and Homoscleromorpha) inhabiting Flower Garden Banks National Marine Sanctuary and vicinities</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="1D906FB770877168CE0CE0A057A434C5">Diaz, Maria Cristina</mods:namePart>
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<mods:nameIdentifier id="88D1F03286BBCD58B39E14CE0ACE6294" type="ORCID">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9485-0011</mods:nameIdentifier>
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<mods:affiliation id="3A7AB9895D1DF91D9E119E129B43E83B">Harbor Branch Oceanographic Institute, Florida Atlantic University, Fort Pierce, FL, USA</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:nameIdentifier id="DBF5FD3912E0EF77D21F3E760AAB5F65" type="email">taxochica@gmail.com</mods:nameIdentifier>
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<mods:namePart id="98F0ADA9777D4EED9B71BDBBB730A016">Nuttall, Marissa</mods:namePart>
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<mods:nameIdentifier id="6705A2AC48FB0D6F477223C7E9B6D658" type="ORCID">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1384-8978</mods:nameIdentifier>
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<mods:affiliation id="49D58B07E948B1505AE641B702A220BD">Flower Garden Banks National Marine Sanctuary, Galveston, TX, USA & CPC Inc, Galveston, TX, USA</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:namePart id="CB48A8A97D45BD594A9A98CD804AE861">Pomponi, Shirley A.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:nameIdentifier id="66C3241AD6BF3E29DD60E36543C67D8F" type="ORCID">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4982-1515</mods:nameIdentifier>
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<mods:affiliation id="F25F690F48F0B7CD07403646E70AF59C">Harbor Branch Oceanographic Institute, Florida Atlantic University, Fort Pierce, FL, USA</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:namePart id="503FC5448C4ED4A6F623B298F8D6D928">Ruetzler, Klaus</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="38750DDF652D7FF5EFABCC1BCB147425">National Museum of Natural History, Smithsonian Institution, Washington D. C., USA</mods:affiliation>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:namePart id="2F2F3A0FF1B699687B6B7E8F3C96AEA6">Klontz, Sarah</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="FE44CC49759E6BEC5F7E9BAB4BEBB33B">Genetic Disease Research Branch, NHGRI, NIH, Bethesda, MD, USA</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:namePart id="0143AAAAF1FD60528A7ECF7CB10689AD">Adams, Christi</mods:namePart>
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<mods:nameIdentifier id="198809E88F89287568635081EC0F67B1" type="ORCID">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8411-4595</mods:nameIdentifier>
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<mods:affiliation id="62DFB3DB8B1C7BB2502BBD807F0859AE">Flower Garden Banks National Marine Sanctuary, Galveston, TX, USA</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:namePart id="5663647F96F049CDDE5F9F39FA63970C">Hickerson, Emma L.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:nameIdentifier id="BB0192CDE7F68EC10A0A9943023E4BD5" type="ORCID">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2595-8878</mods:nameIdentifier>
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<mods:affiliation id="A7B45EFABAC8CFCEB49530850879B0BD">Flower Garden Banks National Marine Sanctuary, Galveston, TX, USA</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:namePart id="77D873621FCA5EB123A7219D6CBB2668">Schmahl, G. P.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:nameIdentifier id="11172ECEF610D99ABAD9E5E290985314" type="ORCID">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5657-5204</mods:nameIdentifier>
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<mods:affiliation id="BA7916EAA800DFD1B5218656B1098775">Flower Garden Banks National Marine Sanctuary, Galveston, TX, USA</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:part id="BDFDDCC8D171CBA6EE6670D6F7EB52C0">
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<mods:date id="66EA417D89D688ED6C713B0AF80C7723">2023</mods:date>
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<mods:number id="B709D02BB41B48BBB233613FBFDB740B">2023-05-11</mods:number>
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<mods:number id="096A2969FE990998D8FB4C613BACFCC4">1161</mods:number>
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<mods:start id="51A11746D583A46819DAC0B870BC6389">1</mods:start>
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<mods:end id="1CD2C1EB5435D7D89ABAA88D65C5A5F9">68</mods:end>
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<mods:classification id="4D5FE1FD861C30A9792C892FE05B8BA9">journal article</mods:classification>
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<mods:identifier id="9C12087783D6E489DA9AC8D17DF9FB8C" type="DOI">http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1161.93754</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier id="02F05CA8FBE6B58EEF14580ECFE986CF" type="Pensoft-Pub">1313-2970-1161-1</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier id="1D02B4E0D66691EAE869E4B4E65CB087" type="ZooBank">4CE0D6C5C3044F748387FCC71F8F8AC0</mods:identifier>
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<treatment id="53279E26061C5E249B6BE42C0F12FE57" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:53279E26061C5E249B6BE42C0F12FE57" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/53279E26061C5E249B6BE42C0F12FE57" lastPageNumber="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
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<subSubSection id="AF700E26B7482AB384BE26BFBECDF066" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph id="01B4E821B9D424DF7A64AECD2EBA767F" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
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<taxonomicName id="C913015249225293EDBB39014B00A940" ID-CoL="5B6DB" ID-ENA="375149" LSID="53279E26-061C-5E24-9B6B-E42C0F12FE57" authority="(Esper, 1794)" baseAuthorityName="Esper" baseAuthorityYear="1794" class="Demospongiae" family="Aplysinidae" genus="Verongula" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Verongula rigida" order="Verongiida" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="rigida">Verongula rigida (Esper, 1794)</taxonomicName>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="F56F2FADC994738BE716102A3EF594C5" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="description">
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<paragraph id="4F97DFCC9D0499A1C4CE97450513106E" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
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<figureCitation id="05079ACAB2E2DE24FA1704369A9465C2" captionStart="Figure 50" captionStartId="F50" captionText="Figure 50. Verongula rigida at 60 m deep. Samples DFH 8 - 38 B, DFH 9 - 9 B." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1161.93754.figure50" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/848724" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Fig. 50</figureCitation>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="159D40C2A718DC802D8CAA3ECEFECCCC" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="diagnostic features">
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<paragraph id="8FBD1F89F4AFEC6D1706DC85CEA05852" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Diagnostic features.</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="2D229026AD1D577558A72896E3D26134" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Massive lobate to tubular species. This sample had multiple tubes of different lengths (4-20 cm high, 2-4 cm wide). Reddish yellow in color when alive, purple as dry or in alcohol. The surface is rugose to verrucose, ribbed, but smooth to the touch, not like sandpaper. One oscule (0.8-1 cm) on top of each tube, the opening extending the length of sponge. Oscula with a flat diaphragm-like contractile membrane darker in color. The consistency is firm but compressible, fibrous, and tough.</paragraph>
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<caption id="F21D49D7B505F1C132C9B7B37A5C522C" doi="10.3897/zookeys.1161.93754.figure50" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/848724" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" start="Figure 50" startId="F50">
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<paragraph id="E43AC37F7C46B6F84C68D7FAAE6577BC" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
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<emphasis id="8384285E5C201706AB98BD68BC51B559" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Figure 50.</emphasis>
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<taxonomicName id="ACD08D2CA5210C2DCCC87AAA1B4329E3" baseAuthorityName="Esper" baseAuthorityYear="1794" class="Demospongiae" family="Aplysinidae" genus="Verongula" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Verongula rigida" order="Verongiida" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="rigida">
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<emphasis id="4B7C516913254DF0B1AFCE82DC329725" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Verongula rigida</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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at 60 m deep. Samples DFH8-38B, DFH9-9B.
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</paragraph>
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</caption>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="99CF4B8BBA7DBB47915D4584E04B362A" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="similar species">
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<paragraph id="F64AB1912300668D3161006E340F9BDF" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Similar species.</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="385308C26E82D7A32BB3358DFE2370AF" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
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Specimens of this species with slightly ribbed surface can be confused with
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<taxonomicName id="DD8CAD67FA55F1CF4BFE736FB920B377" baseAuthorityName="Hyatt" baseAuthorityYear="1875" class="Demospongiae" family="Aplysinidae" genus="Aiolochroia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Aiolochroia crassa" order="Verongiida" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="crassa">
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<emphasis id="EF15ACF5638EAEE53289D2B1ECA00DB5" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Aiolochroia crassa</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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. Some morphotypes of
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<taxonomicName id="5B43107F1210DA51DC2517D17B737EF0" baseAuthorityName="Hyatt" baseAuthorityYear="1875" class="Homoscleromorpha" family="Thorectidae" genus="Smenospongia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Smenospongia aurea" order="Homosclerophorida" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="aurea">
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<emphasis id="C43C6F0CA220F5820235F9DEF7AFFAC6" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Smenospongia aurea</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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can also look like short tubes of
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<taxonomicName id="82AA81CECA11197D0CC6486723B3D530" baseAuthorityName="Esper" baseAuthorityYear="1794" class="Demospongiae" family="Aplysinidae" genus="Verongula" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Verongula rigida" order="Verongiida" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="rigida">
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<emphasis id="E2DB01AA64F30BB578277FC9662C79B8" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Verongula rigida</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="A4BAF7086A244DC163C058775AAD5CC8" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="distribution">
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<paragraph id="C397FFA7E59232475C5FB29B12F05E91" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Distribution and abundance.</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="B16E6FB276A1276C6A852A2B2C96060C" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">This species is common at shallow coral reefs throughout the Caribbean. At FGBNMS, rare, found only at three sites.</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="D799776C5BB38F188F17335864D8AAB5" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="ecology">
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<paragraph id="1371E6E41626EF0ED8AA8AFB4AC460C4" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Ecology.</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="0C09EC8DE574255C191521FDECCF1B3E" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Heavily silted lower mesophotic reefs.</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="E5CFE7B81AD84CC01F5866999364BEEB" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="identification">
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<paragraph id="0D657C2CD573D49641269032C7A3FA65" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Identification.</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="F926DD18E75D5B4D49B9AFB5D9B436D6" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">KR.</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="6F28F70E9C120D8735D7CBBB56781C35" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="reference">
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<paragraph id="13AAB9DAD930A7497F273CF6606DF2F6" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Reference.</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="C24644449A80B7E91B36D491AC10A48F" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
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<bibRefCitation id="7A511D301AA874A9BCCD1385F4243B4F" DOI="https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-0348-5797-0" author="Wiedenmayer, F" journalOrPublisher="Experientia Supplementum" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="1 - 287" refId="B70" refString="Wiedenmayer, F, 1977. Shallow-water sponges of the Western Bahamas. Experientia Supplementum 28: 1 - 287, DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-0348-5797-0" title="Shallow-water sponges of the Western Bahamas." url="https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-0348-5797-0" volume="28" year="1977">Wiedenmayer 1977</bibRefCitation>
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.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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</treatment>
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</document> |