235 lines
31 KiB
XML
235 lines
31 KiB
XML
<document id="6D4DE8769D5BF9FBAA945644C71CE9BF" ID-CLB-Dataset="202083" ID-DOI="10.11646/zootaxa.5211.1.1" ID-GBIF-Dataset="bb97b9dd-2acc-4244-8f30-72bef07b9ed9" ID-ISSN="1175-5326" ID-Zenodo-Dep="7345007" ID-ZooBank="5754769C-B747-4714-BDD9-7D5509D48BEB" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.tables_requiresApprovalFor="existingObjects,plazi" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1669101340847" checkinUser="plazi" docAuthor="López-García, Margarita M. & Deloya, Cuauhtémoc" docDate="2022" docId="A209493BFD1DFFC3AFA61871FBE8B9B4" docLanguage="en" docName="zootaxa.5211.1.1.pdf" docOrigin="Zootaxa 5211 (1)" docSource="http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5211.1.1" docStyle="DocumentStyle:5EBBA59367AD13919D70D935FA04F6A3.14:Zootaxa.2013-.monograph" docStyleId="5EBBA59367AD13919D70D935FA04F6A3" docStyleName="Zootaxa.2013-.monograph" docStyleVersion="14" docTitle="Tomarus pilcopataensis Lopez-Garcia & Deloya 2019" docType="treatment" docVersion="9" lastPageNumber="67" masterDocId="5E303143FD5FFF81AF311956FFBEBC61" masterDocTitle="Cladistic analysis reveals polyphyly of Tomarus (Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae: Dynastinae): new classification and taxonomic revision" masterLastPageNumber="119" masterPageNumber="1" pageNumber="67" updateTime="1699396337306" updateUser="plazi">
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<mods:title id="9E31F079C3FD22607D6B78E5C5C988E8">Cladistic analysis reveals polyphyly of Tomarus (Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae: Dynastinae): new classification and taxonomic revision</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="B4576DE63F9C975EC79201B7E72042B1">López-García, Margarita M.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:nameIdentifier id="FC38D4CCC55AC896E165282BB9FDAF50" type="email">margaralopezg@gmail.com</mods:nameIdentifier>
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<mods:namePart id="43F2F447CD633ECE01E6CD3B9A8BC233">Deloya, Cuauhtémoc</mods:namePart>
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<mods:nameIdentifier id="8C46EDCA25491AE98DABDD01E3C574BB" type="ORCID">0000-0002-4774-140X</mods:nameIdentifier>
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<mods:nameIdentifier id="C4CBA0137B4D1EE7D3FA6A17DE12A848" type="email">cuauhtemoc.deloya@inecol.mx</mods:nameIdentifier>
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<mods:typeOfResource id="2A11FB889F690BF52CC9FCBFD10995A8">text</mods:typeOfResource>
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<mods:title id="AEC02DD6340C8779F2DBBED38ABE3D2D">Zootaxa</mods:title>
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<mods:part id="3DE77D6FB9D0B5A43DBD67032725886B">
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<mods:date id="49A62598EAAF793405B31AEC6C48A5AA">2022</mods:date>
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<mods:number id="46B5BCC2AF0358FB33ED38B01C19E5D2">2022-11-22</mods:number>
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<mods:number id="14AFD6E68FA8130B12CF674FA796D17B">5211</mods:number>
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<treatment id="A209493BFD1DFFC3AFA61871FBE8B9B4" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7345109" ID-GBIF-Taxon="205794522" ID-Zenodo-Dep="7345109" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:A209493BFD1DFFC3AFA61871FBE8B9B4" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/A209493BFD1DFFC3AFA61871FBE8B9B4" lastPageNumber="67" pageId="66" pageNumber="67">
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<subSubSection id="62BAABA6FD1DFFC3AFA61871FC91BD21" box="[151,815,293,321]" pageId="66" pageNumber="67" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph id="2A1FF82DFD1DFFC3AFA61871FC91BD21" blockId="66.[151,815,293,356]" box="[151,815,293,321]" pageId="66" pageNumber="67">
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<heading id="71574F41FD1DFFC3AFA61871FC91BD21" bold="true" box="[151,815,293,321]" fontSize="11" level="2" pageId="66" pageNumber="67" reason="4">
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<taxonomicName id="EDA083AEFD1DFFC3AFA61871FC91BD21" authority="Lopez-Garcia & Deloya, 2019" authorityName="Lopez-Garcia & Deloya" authorityYear="2019" box="[151,815,293,321]" class="Insecta" family="Dynastidae" genus="Tomarus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="66" pageNumber="67" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="pilcopataensis">
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<emphasis id="18D4243FFD1DFFC3AFA61871FC91BD21" bold="true" box="[151,815,293,321]" pageId="66" pageNumber="67">
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<emphasis id="18D4243FFD1DFFC3AFA61871FE0ABD20" bold="true" box="[151,436,294,321]" italics="true" pageId="66" pageNumber="67">Tomarus pilcopataensis</emphasis>
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<bibRefCitation id="4E3185DCFD1DFFC3AE8A1873FC91BD21" author="Lopez-Garcia, M. M. & Deloya, C." box="[443,815,293,320]" pageId="66" pageNumber="67" pagination="127 - 141" refId="ref91328" refString="Lopez-Garcia, M. M. & Deloya, C. (2019) Five new species of the dynastine genus Tomarus (Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae), with an illustrated key to species. The Coleopterists Bulletin, 73, 127 - 141. https: // doi. org / 10.1649 / 0010 - 065 X- 73.1.127" type="journal article" year="2019">López-García & Deloya, 2019</bibRefCitation>
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</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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</heading>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="62BAABA6FD1DFFC3AFA6181CFE61BD05" box="[151,479,330,356]" pageId="66" pageNumber="67" type="description">
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<paragraph id="2A1FF82DFD1DFFC3AFA6181CFE61BD05" blockId="66.[151,815,293,356]" box="[151,479,330,356]" pageId="66" pageNumber="67">
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(
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<figureCitation id="B29BE4A8FD1DFFC3AFAE181CFF46BD05" box="[159,248,330,356]" captionStart="FIGURE 9" captionStartId="87.[151,250,1074,1098]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,181,1050]" captionTargetId="figure-17@87.[151,1436,181,1050]" captionTargetPageId="87" captionText="FIGURE 9. Pygidium of male. A) Euligyrus ebenus, B) Proculigyrus cicatricosus, C) Ligyrus (Anagrylius) cuniculus, D) L. (Ligyrus) fossor, E) L. (Ligyrus) paranaensis, F) Tomarus bituberculatus, G) T. colombianus, H) T. maracaiboensis, I) T. pilcopataensis, J) T. pullus, K) T. roigjunenti, L) T. rostratus." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7345041" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7345041/files/figure.png" pageId="66" pageNumber="67">Figs. 9I</figureCitation>
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,
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<figureCitation id="B29BE4A8FD1DFFC3AE35181CFE8DBD05" box="[260,307,330,356]" captionStart="FIGURE 16" captionStartId="91.[151,250,1633,1657]" captionTargetBox="[151,1426,189,1602]" captionTargetId="figure-17@91.[151,1436,181,1610]" captionTargetPageId="91" captionText="FIGURE 16. Parameres in frontal view. A) Tomarus adoceteus, B) T. amazonicus, C) T. bituberculatus, D) T. colombianus, E) T. discrepans, F) T. gyas, G) T. laevicollis, H) T. laticaudus, I) T. maimon, J) T. maracaiboensis, K) T. maternus, L) T. pilcopataensis, M) T. pullus, N) T. pumilus, O) T. roigjunenti, P) T. rostratus, Q) T. selanderi, R) T. subtropicus." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7345065" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7345065/files/figure.png" pageId="66" pageNumber="67">16L</figureCitation>
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,
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<figureCitation id="B29BE4A8FD1DFFC3AE0E181CFECEBD05" box="[319,368,330,356]" captionStart="FIGURE 20" captionStartId="95.[151,250,1225,1249]" captionTargetBox="[159,1435,191,1201]" captionTargetId="figure-17@95.[151,1436,181,1202]" captionTargetPageId="95" captionText="FIGURE 20. Parameres in lateral view. A) Tomarus maracaiboensis, B) T. maternus, C) T. pilcopataensis, D) T. pullus, E) T. pumilus, F) T. roigjunenti, G) T. rostratus, H) T. selanderi, I) T. subtropicus." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7345083" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7345083/files/figure.png" pageId="66" pageNumber="67">20C</figureCitation>
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,
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<figureCitation id="B29BE4A8FD1DFFC3AE4D181CFE10BD05" box="[380,430,330,356]" captionStart="FIGURE 28" captionStartId="103.[151,250,1868,1892]" captionTargetBox="[159,1426,182,1839]" captionTargetId="figure-17@103.[151,1436,181,1844]" captionTargetPageId="103" captionText="FIGURE 28. Habitus of the species of Tomarus: A) Tomarus maracaiboensis, B) T. maternus, C) T. pilcopataensis, D) T. pullus, E) T. pumilus, F) T. roigjunenti, G) T. rostratus, H) T. selanderi, I) T. subtropicus. Scale bar: 5 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7345107" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7345107/files/figure.png" pageId="66" pageNumber="67">28C</figureCitation>
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;
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<figureCitation id="B29BE4A8FD1DFFC3AE88181CFE68BD05" box="[441,470,330,356]" captionStart="FIGURE 47" captionStartId="114.[151,250,1084,1108]" captionTargetBox="[203,1393,181,1051]" captionTargetId="figure-24@114.[195,1393,181,1061]" captionTargetPageId="114" captionText="FIGURE 47. Distributional records of Tomarus pilcopataensis, T. roigjunenti, and T. pumilus." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7345176" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7345176/files/figure.png" pageId="66" pageNumber="67">47</figureCitation>
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)
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="62BAABA6FD1DFFC3AFA618D9FC54BDC6" box="[151,1002,399,423]" pageId="66" pageNumber="67" type="reference_group">
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<paragraph id="2A1FF82DFD1DFFC3AFA618D9FC54BDC6" blockId="66.[151,1436,399,484]" box="[151,1002,399,423]" pageId="66" pageNumber="67">
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<treatmentCitationGroup id="0AB0DF03FD1DFFC3AFA618D9FC54BDC6" box="[151,1002,399,423]" pageId="66" pageNumber="67">
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<treatmentCitation id="AB01DE3CFD1DFFC3AFA618D9FD43BDC6" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5412055" ID-Zenodo-Dep="5412055" author="Lopez-Garcia, M. M. & Deloya, C." box="[151,765,399,423]" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/6F6ED021D620FFC6FF64FF2B7830FC25" page="134" pageId="66" pageNumber="67" year="2019">
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<taxonomicName id="EDA083AEFD1DFFC3AFA618D9FD43BDC6" authority="Lopez-Garcia & Deloya, 2019: 134" authorityName="Lopez-Garcia & Deloya" authorityPageNumber="134" authorityYear="2019" box="[151,765,399,423]" class="Insecta" family="Dynastidae" genus="Tomarus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="66" pageNumber="67" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="pilcopataensis">
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<emphasis id="18D4243FFD1DFFC3AFA618D9FE36BDC6" box="[151,392,399,423]" italics="true" pageId="66" pageNumber="67">Tomarus pilcopataensis</emphasis>
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<bibRefCitation id="4E3185DCFD1DFFC3AEA118D9FD43BDC6" author="Lopez-Garcia, M. M. & Deloya, C." box="[400,765,399,423]" pageId="66" pageNumber="67" pagination="127 - 141" refId="ref91328" refString="Lopez-Garcia, M. M. & Deloya, C. (2019) Five new species of the dynastine genus Tomarus (Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae), with an illustrated key to species. The Coleopterists Bulletin, 73, 127 - 141. https: // doi. org / 10.1649 / 0010 - 065 X- 73.1.127" type="journal article" year="2019">López-García & Deloya, 2019: 134</bibRefCitation>
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</taxonomicName>
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</treatmentCitation>
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. Original combination.
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</treatmentCitationGroup>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="62BAABA6FD1DFFC3ACC118D9FCDCBD82" pageId="66" pageNumber="67" type="materials_examined">
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<paragraph id="2A1FF82DFD1DFFC3ACC118D9FCDCBD82" blockId="66.[151,1436,399,484]" pageId="66" pageNumber="67">
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Male
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<typeStatus id="F51B468FFD1DFFC3AB1A18D9FB3ABDC6" box="[1067,1156,399,423]" pageId="66" pageNumber="67" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
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(USNM) “
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<collectingCountry id="52B7B8BDFD1DFFC3ABC418D9FA82BDC6" box="[1269,1340,399,423]" name="Peru" pageId="66" pageNumber="67">PERU</collectingCountry>
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:
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<collectingRegion id="E86436CFFD1DFFC3AA7718D9FA34BDC6" box="[1350,1418,399,423]" country="Peru" name="Cusco" pageId="66" pageNumber="67">Cuzco</collectingRegion>
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; /
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<location id="2F7FAEF6FD1DFFC3AFF618FBFE96BDA4" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:A209493BFD1DFFC3AFA61871FBE8B9B4:2F7FAEF6FD1DFFC3AFF618FBFE96BDA4" box="[199,296,429,453]" country="Peru" name="Pilcopata" pageId="66" pageNumber="67" stateProvince="Cusco">Pilcopata</location>
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, 600meters /
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<date id="5E1EDEEDFD1DFFC3AE9C18FBFDF7BDA4" box="[429,585,429,453]" pageId="66" pageNumber="67" value="1976-12-11" valueMax="1976-12-14" valueMin="1976-12-11">
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<collectingDate id="4E5A2705FD1DFFC3AE9C18FBFDF7BDA4" box="[429,585,429,453]" pageId="66" pageNumber="67" value="1976-12-11" valueMax="1976-12-14" valueMin="1976-12-11">11-14 XII 1976</collectingDate>
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</date>
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/
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<collectorName id="87559DFBFD1DFFC3AD6A18F8FD5FBDA4" box="[603,737,430,453]" pageId="66" pageNumber="67">J.B. Heppner</collectorName>
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, premontane / moist forest //
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<taxonomicName id="EDA083AEFD1DFFC3AB3418F8FBE3BDA4" baseAuthorityName="sensu Moron & Grossi" baseAuthorityYear="2015" box="[1029,1117,430,453]" class="Insecta" family="Dynastidae" genus="Tomarus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="66" pageNumber="67" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Tomarus</taxonomicName>
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/ pilcopataensis / López-García & / Deloya /
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<typeStatus id="F51B468FFD1DFFC3AE7A189AFE6DBD85" box="[331,467,460,484]" pageId="66" pageNumber="67" type="holotype">HOLOTYPE</typeStatus>
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” Type locality: Pilcopata,
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<collectingRegion id="E86436CFFD1DFFC3ADEE189AFC9CBD85" box="[735,802,460,484]" country="Peru" name="Cusco" pageId="66" pageNumber="67">Cuzco</collectingRegion>
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, Peru.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="62BAABA6FD1DFFC3AFA61B44FB4AB829" pageId="66" pageNumber="67" type="description">
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<paragraph id="2A1FF82DFD1DFFC3AFA61B44FB4AB829" blockId="66.[151,1437,530,1493]" pageId="66" pageNumber="67">
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<emphasis id="18D4243FFD1DFFC3AFA61B44FE97BE4D" bold="true" box="[151,297,530,556]" pageId="66" pageNumber="67">Description.</emphasis>
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Habitus as in
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<figureCitation id="B29BE4A8FD1DFFC3AEFA1B44FD8FBE4D" box="[459,561,530,556]" captionStart="FIGURE 28" captionStartId="103.[151,250,1868,1892]" captionTargetBox="[159,1426,182,1839]" captionTargetId="figure-17@103.[151,1436,181,1844]" captionTargetPageId="103" captionText="FIGURE 28. Habitus of the species of Tomarus: A) Tomarus maracaiboensis, B) T. maternus, C) T. pilcopataensis, D) T. pullus, E) T. pumilus, F) T. roigjunenti, G) T. rostratus, H) T. selanderi, I) T. subtropicus. Scale bar: 5 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7345107" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7345107/files/figure.png" pageId="66" pageNumber="67">Fig. 28C</figureCitation>
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. Length
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<quantity id="ED5855C8FD1DFFC3ADA31B44FD44BE4C" box="[658,762,530,557]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.77" pageId="66" pageNumber="67" unit="mm" value="27.7">27.7 mm</quantity>
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; humeral width
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<quantity id="ED5855C8FD1DFFC3AC811B44FBA6BE4C" box="[944,1048,530,557]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.43" pageId="66" pageNumber="67" unit="mm" value="14.3">14.3 mm</quantity>
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. Color dark reddish brown.
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<emphasis id="18D4243FFD1DFFC3AA621B44FA22BE4D" bold="true" box="[1363,1436,530,556]" pageId="66" pageNumber="67">Head:</emphasis>
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Frons coarsely rugose. Frontoclypeal region with 2 transverse tubercles separated by about 3 tubercle diameters. Clypeus narrowed towards apex, base 3.8 times wider than apex. Clypeal teeth triangular, separated by less than a tooth diameter. Mandible with 2 apical teeth and a lateral, narrowly rounded tooth. Mentum abruptly constricted at apical 3rd. Galea of maxilla with teeth 5 and 6 well developed. Interocular distance 4.1 times an eye width.
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<emphasis id="18D4243FFD1DFFC3AA591BF4FF50BE81" bold="true" pageId="66" pageNumber="67">Pronotum:</emphasis>
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Surface with dense, large punctures. Apical tubercle small, rounded. Fovea shallow, striate, and about a 1/5 as wide as interocular distance.
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<emphasis id="18D4243FFD1DFFC3AD161BBCFD16BF65" bold="true" box="[551,680,746,772]" pageId="66" pageNumber="67">Scutellum:</emphasis>
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Surface with minute, sparse punctures.
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<emphasis id="18D4243FFD1DFFC3AB581BBCFB00BF65" bold="true" box="[1129,1214,746,772]" pageId="66" pageNumber="67">Elytra:</emphasis>
|
|
First interval punctate, punctures similar in size to other intervals; sutural stria complete. Inner surface of apex with rounded, small tubercles forming 40 parallel lines.
|
|
<emphasis id="18D4243FFD1DFFC3AD1B1A64FD16BF2D" bold="true" box="[554,680,818,844]" pageId="66" pageNumber="67">Abdomen:</emphasis>
|
|
Apex of tergite IV with a triangular wide area with large, elongate tubercles forming 16 diagonal parallel lines. Pygidial surface coarsely and densely rugose (
|
|
<figureCitation id="B29BE4A8FD1DFFC3ABA61A00FB58BF11" box="[1175,1254,854,880]" captionStart="FIGURE 9" captionStartId="87.[151,250,1074,1098]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,181,1050]" captionTargetId="figure-17@87.[151,1436,181,1050]" captionTargetPageId="87" captionText="FIGURE 9. Pygidium of male. A) Euligyrus ebenus, B) Proculigyrus cicatricosus, C) Ligyrus (Anagrylius) cuniculus, D) L. (Ligyrus) fossor, E) L. (Ligyrus) paranaensis, F) Tomarus bituberculatus, G) T. colombianus, H) T. maracaiboensis, I) T. pilcopataensis, J) T. pullus, K) T. roigjunenti, L) T. rostratus." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7345041" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7345041/files/figure.png" pageId="66" pageNumber="67">Fig. 9I</figureCitation>
|
|
); apex regularly rounded.
|
|
<emphasis id="18D4243FFD1DFFC3AE301A2CFEE5BFF5" bold="true" box="[257,347,890,916]" pageId="66" pageNumber="67">Venter:</emphasis>
|
|
Apex of prosternal process flat, longitudinally oval. Metasternum with short, sparse setae on anterior angles.
|
|
<emphasis id="18D4243FFD1DFFC3AE021AC8FECABFD9" bold="true" box="[307,372,926,952]" pageId="66" pageNumber="67">Legs:</emphasis>
|
|
Protibia tridentate with an additional inconspicuous, basal convexity. Metatibia not narrowed before apex, sides nearly parallel. Apex of metatibia slightly crenulate, with 33 spinules.
|
|
<emphasis id="18D4243FFD1DFFC3AB461A94FA94BFBD" bold="true" box="[1143,1322,962,988]" pageId="66" pageNumber="67">Male genitalia:</emphasis>
|
|
Spiculum gastrale without basal plates. Phallobase 1.1 times longer than parameres. Parameres with lateral teeth short, widely triangular; apical 4th narrowed, apices outwards (
|
|
<figureCitation id="B29BE4A8FD1DFFC3ADFD1D5CFC82B845" box="[716,828,1034,1060]" captionStart="FIGURE 16" captionStartId="91.[151,250,1633,1657]" captionTargetBox="[151,1426,189,1602]" captionTargetId="figure-17@91.[151,1436,181,1610]" captionTargetPageId="91" captionText="FIGURE 16. Parameres in frontal view. A) Tomarus adoceteus, B) T. amazonicus, C) T. bituberculatus, D) T. colombianus, E) T. discrepans, F) T. gyas, G) T. laevicollis, H) T. laticaudus, I) T. maimon, J) T. maracaiboensis, K) T. maternus, L) T. pilcopataensis, M) T. pullus, N) T. pumilus, O) T. roigjunenti, P) T. rostratus, Q) T. selanderi, R) T. subtropicus." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7345065" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7345065/files/figure.png" pageId="66" pageNumber="67">Figs. 16L</figureCitation>
|
|
,
|
|
<figureCitation id="B29BE4A8FD1DFFC3AC7B1D5CFCC3B845" box="[842,893,1034,1060]" captionStart="FIGURE 20" captionStartId="95.[151,250,1225,1249]" captionTargetBox="[159,1435,191,1201]" captionTargetId="figure-17@95.[151,1436,181,1202]" captionTargetPageId="95" captionText="FIGURE 20. Parameres in lateral view. A) Tomarus maracaiboensis, B) T. maternus, C) T. pilcopataensis, D) T. pullus, E) T. pumilus, F) T. roigjunenti, G) T. rostratus, H) T. selanderi, I) T. subtropicus." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7345083" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7345083/files/figure.png" pageId="66" pageNumber="67">20C</figureCitation>
|
|
). Internal sac with copulatory lamella and short lamellar spiny belt; with a complex of 3 spine-like, accessory lamellae, with dense granules at base.
|
|
</paragraph>
|
|
</subSubSection>
|
|
<subSubSection id="62BAABA6FD1DFFC3AFF61D04FB72B925" pageId="66" pageNumber="67" type="diagnosis">
|
|
<paragraph id="2A1FF82DFD1DFFC3AFF61D04FB72B925" blockId="66.[151,1437,530,1493]" pageId="66" pageNumber="67">
|
|
<emphasis id="18D4243FFD1DFFC3AFF61D04FEFCB80D" bold="true" box="[199,322,1106,1132]" pageId="66" pageNumber="67">Diagnosis.</emphasis>
|
|
<taxonomicName id="EDA083AEFD1DFFC3AE761D05FDEEB80D" authorityName="Lopez-Garcia & Deloya" authorityYear="2019" box="[327,592,1106,1132]" class="Insecta" family="Dynastidae" genus="Tomarus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="66" pageNumber="67" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="pilcopataensis">
|
|
<emphasis id="18D4243FFD1DFFC3AE761D05FDEEB80D" box="[327,592,1106,1132]" italics="true" pageId="66" pageNumber="67">Tomarus pilcopataensis</emphasis>
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|
can be recognized by the following character combination: frontal tubercles transverse; pronotal fovea and tubercle inconspicuous; pronotum deeply and densely punctate (
|
|
<figureCitation id="B29BE4A8FD1DFFC3AB8B1D20FA9FB8F1" box="[1210,1313,1142,1168]" captionStart="FIGURE 28" captionStartId="103.[151,250,1868,1892]" captionTargetBox="[159,1426,182,1839]" captionTargetId="figure-17@103.[151,1436,181,1844]" captionTargetPageId="103" captionText="FIGURE 28. Habitus of the species of Tomarus: A) Tomarus maracaiboensis, B) T. maternus, C) T. pilcopataensis, D) T. pullus, E) T. pumilus, F) T. roigjunenti, G) T. rostratus, H) T. selanderi, I) T. subtropicus. Scale bar: 5 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7345107" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7345107/files/figure.png" pageId="66" pageNumber="67">Fig. 28C</figureCitation>
|
|
); metasternum with sparse, short setae on anterior angles; and internal sac with a complex of 3 spine-like accessory lamellae.
|
|
<taxonomicName id="EDA083AEFD1DFFC3AFA61DE9FE1FB8B9" authorityName="Lopez-Garcia & Deloya" authorityYear="2019" box="[151,417,1214,1240]" class="Insecta" family="Dynastidae" genus="Tomarus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="66" pageNumber="67" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="pilcopataensis">
|
|
<emphasis id="18D4243FFD1DFFC3AFA61DE9FE1FB8B9" box="[151,417,1214,1240]" italics="true" pageId="66" pageNumber="67">Tomarus pilcopataensis</emphasis>
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|
is similar to
|
|
<taxonomicName id="EDA083AEFD1DFFC3AD021DE9FD48B8B9" authority="(Prell)" baseAuthorityName="Prell" baseAuthorityYear="1937" box="[563,758,1214,1240]" class="Insecta" family="Dynastidae" genus="Tomarus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="66" pageNumber="67" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="pumilus">
|
|
<emphasis id="18D4243FFD1DFFC3AD021DE9FD16B8B9" box="[563,680,1214,1240]" italics="true" pageId="66" pageNumber="67">T. pumilus</emphasis>
|
|
(Prell)
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|
and
|
|
<taxonomicName id="EDA083AEFD1DFFC3AC1D1DE9FB5AB8B9" authority="Neita and Ratcliffe, 2017" authorityName="Neita and Ratcliffe" authorityYear="2017" box="[812,1252,1214,1240]" class="Insecta" family="Dynastidae" genus="Tomarus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="66" pageNumber="67" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="roigjunenti">
|
|
<emphasis id="18D4243FFD1DFFC3AC1D1DE9FC7DB8B9" box="[812,963,1215,1240]" italics="true" pageId="66" pageNumber="67">T. roigjunenti</emphasis>
|
|
Neita and
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="4E3185DCFD1DFFC3AB0C1DE8FB5AB8B9" author="Ratcliffe, B. C. & Cave, R. D." box="[1085,1252,1214,1240]" pageId="66" pageNumber="67" pagination="1 - 298" refId="ref92923" refString="Ratcliffe, B. C. & Cave, R. D. (2017) The dynastine scarab beetles of the United States and Canada (Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae). Bulletin of the University of Nebraska State Museum, 30, 1 - 298." type="journal article" year="2017">Ratcliffe, 2017</bibRefCitation>
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|
but differs from them by the completely rugose surface of the pygidium,
|
|
<figureCitation id="B29BE4A8FD1DFFC3AC3B1DB4FCEAB89D" box="[778,852,1250,1276]" captionStart="FIGURE 9" captionStartId="87.[151,250,1074,1098]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,181,1050]" captionTargetId="figure-17@87.[151,1436,181,1050]" captionTargetPageId="87" captionText="FIGURE 9. Pygidium of male. A) Euligyrus ebenus, B) Proculigyrus cicatricosus, C) Ligyrus (Anagrylius) cuniculus, D) L. (Ligyrus) fossor, E) L. (Ligyrus) paranaensis, F) Tomarus bituberculatus, G) T. colombianus, H) T. maracaiboensis, I) T. pilcopataensis, J) T. pullus, K) T. roigjunenti, L) T. rostratus." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7345041" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7345041/files/figure.png" pageId="66" pageNumber="67">Fig. 9I</figureCitation>
|
|
(rugose only on the basal 3rd in the other 2 species). The general shape of the parameres of
|
|
<taxonomicName id="EDA083AEFD1DFFC3AD691C51FD71B941" baseAuthorityName="Prell" baseAuthorityYear="1937" box="[600,719,1286,1312]" class="Insecta" family="Dynastidae" genus="Tomarus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="66" pageNumber="67" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="pumilus">
|
|
<emphasis id="18D4243FFD1DFFC3AD691C51FD71B941" box="[600,719,1286,1312]" italics="true" pageId="66" pageNumber="67">T. pumilus</emphasis>
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|
(
|
|
<figureCitation id="B29BE4A8FD1DFFC3ADD11C50FCF6B941" box="[736,840,1286,1312]" captionStart="FIGURE 16" captionStartId="91.[151,250,1633,1657]" captionTargetBox="[151,1426,189,1602]" captionTargetId="figure-17@91.[151,1436,181,1610]" captionTargetPageId="91" captionText="FIGURE 16. Parameres in frontal view. A) Tomarus adoceteus, B) T. amazonicus, C) T. bituberculatus, D) T. colombianus, E) T. discrepans, F) T. gyas, G) T. laevicollis, H) T. laticaudus, I) T. maimon, J) T. maracaiboensis, K) T. maternus, L) T. pilcopataensis, M) T. pullus, N) T. pumilus, O) T. roigjunenti, P) T. rostratus, Q) T. selanderi, R) T. subtropicus." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7345065" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7345065/files/figure.png" pageId="66" pageNumber="67">Fig. 16N</figureCitation>
|
|
) is similar, but in
|
|
<taxonomicName id="EDA083AEFD1DFFC3AB2C1C51FB63B941" authorityName="Lopez-Garcia & Deloya" authorityYear="2019" box="[1053,1245,1286,1312]" class="Insecta" family="Dynastidae" genus="Tomarus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="66" pageNumber="67" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="pilcopataensis">
|
|
<emphasis id="18D4243FFD1DFFC3AB2C1C51FB63B941" box="[1053,1245,1286,1312]" italics="true" pageId="66" pageNumber="67">T. pilcopataensis</emphasis>
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|
the apical 4th is strongly narrowed, and the lateral medial teeth are wider and not directed backwards (
|
|
<figureCitation id="B29BE4A8FD1DFFC3AB6B1C7CFB7EB925" box="[1114,1216,1322,1348]" captionStart="FIGURE 16" captionStartId="91.[151,250,1633,1657]" captionTargetBox="[151,1426,189,1602]" captionTargetId="figure-17@91.[151,1436,181,1610]" captionTargetPageId="91" captionText="FIGURE 16. Parameres in frontal view. A) Tomarus adoceteus, B) T. amazonicus, C) T. bituberculatus, D) T. colombianus, E) T. discrepans, F) T. gyas, G) T. laevicollis, H) T. laticaudus, I) T. maimon, J) T. maracaiboensis, K) T. maternus, L) T. pilcopataensis, M) T. pullus, N) T. pumilus, O) T. roigjunenti, P) T. rostratus, Q) T. selanderi, R) T. subtropicus." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7345065" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7345065/files/figure.png" pageId="66" pageNumber="67">Fig. 16L</figureCitation>
|
|
).
|
|
</paragraph>
|
|
</subSubSection>
|
|
<subSubSection id="62BAABA6FD1DFFC3AFF61C18FBE8B9B4" pageId="66" pageNumber="67" type="distribution">
|
|
<paragraph id="2A1FF82DFD1DFFC3AFF61C18FE1EB9EC" blockId="66.[151,1437,530,1493]" pageId="66" pageNumber="67">
|
|
<emphasis id="18D4243FFD1DFFC3AFF61C18FEDFB909" bold="true" box="[199,353,1358,1384]" pageId="66" pageNumber="67">Distribution.</emphasis>
|
|
This species is known only from its
|
|
<typeStatus id="F51B468FFD1DFFC3AC201C19FCFFB908" box="[785,833,1359,1385]" pageId="66" pageNumber="67">type</typeStatus>
|
|
locality (Pilcopata,
|
|
<collectingRegion id="E86436CFFD1DFFC3AB1B1C18FBCDB909" box="[1066,1139,1358,1384]" country="Peru" name="Cusco" pageId="66" pageNumber="67">Cuzco</collectingRegion>
|
|
) in the moist premontane forest of
|
|
<collectingCountry id="52B7B8BDFD1DFFC3AFCD1C25FE91B9EC" box="[252,303,1395,1421]" name="Peru" pageId="66" pageNumber="67">Peru</collectingCountry>
|
|
at
|
|
<specimenCount id="3CA633A4FD1DFFC3AE631C24FE1EB9EC" box="[338,416,1394,1421]" pageId="66" pageNumber="67" type="generic">
|
|
<quantity id="ED5855C8FD1DFFC3AE631C24FE22B9EC" box="[338,412,1394,1421]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="6.0" pageId="66" pageNumber="67" unit="m" value="600.0">600 m</quantity>
|
|
.
|
|
</specimenCount>
|
|
</paragraph>
|
|
<paragraph id="2A1FF82DFD1DFFC3AFF61CC0FA93B9D1" blockId="66.[151,1437,530,1493]" box="[199,1325,1430,1456]" pageId="66" pageNumber="67">
|
|
<emphasis id="18D4243FFD1DFFC3AFF61CC0FE45B9D1" bold="true" box="[199,507,1430,1456]" pageId="66" pageNumber="67">
|
|
Locality records (
|
|
<figureCitation id="B29BE4A8FD1DFFC3AEA81CC0FE50B9D1" box="[409,494,1430,1456]" captionStart="FIGURE 47" captionStartId="114.[151,250,1084,1108]" captionTargetBox="[203,1393,181,1051]" captionTargetId="figure-24@114.[195,1393,181,1061]" captionTargetPageId="114" captionText="FIGURE 47. Distributional records of Tomarus pilcopataensis, T. roigjunenti, and T. pumilus." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7345176" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7345176/files/figure.png" pageId="66" pageNumber="67">Fig. 47</figureCitation>
|
|
).
|
|
</emphasis>
|
|
One examined specimen from USNM.
|
|
<emphasis id="18D4243FFD1DFFC3AC881CC0FB09B9D1" bold="true" box="[953,1207,1430,1456]" pageId="66" pageNumber="67">
|
|
<collectingCountry id="52B7B8BDFD1DFFC3AC881CC0FBBBB9D1" box="[953,1029,1430,1456]" name="Peru" pageId="66" pageNumber="67">PERU</collectingCountry>
|
|
(1).
|
|
<collectingRegion id="E86436CFFD1DFFC3AB0A1CC0FB38B9D1" box="[1083,1158,1430,1456]" country="Peru" name="Cusco" pageId="66" pageNumber="67">Cuzco</collectingRegion>
|
|
(1):
|
|
</emphasis>
|
|
Pilcopata.
|
|
</paragraph>
|
|
<paragraph id="2A1FF82DFD1DFFC3AFF61CECFBE8B9B4" blockId="66.[151,1437,530,1493]" box="[199,1110,1466,1493]" pageId="66" pageNumber="67">
|
|
<emphasis id="18D4243FFD1DFFC3AFF61CECFE3BB9B5" bold="true" box="[199,389,1466,1492]" pageId="66" pageNumber="67">Natural history.</emphasis>
|
|
Nothing is known about the natural history of
|
|
<taxonomicName id="EDA083AEFD1DFFC3ACA31CEDFBF1B9B5" authorityName="Lopez-Garcia & Deloya" authorityYear="2019" box="[914,1103,1466,1492]" class="Insecta" family="Dynastidae" genus="Tomarus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="66" pageNumber="67" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="pilcopataensis">
|
|
<emphasis id="18D4243FFD1DFFC3ACA31CEDFBF1B9B5" box="[914,1103,1466,1492]" italics="true" pageId="66" pageNumber="67">T. pilcopataensis</emphasis>
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|
.
|
|
</paragraph>
|
|
</subSubSection>
|
|
</treatment>
|
|
</document> |