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<document id="E8C72185106665573E2E96ED1FC017E9" ID-CLB-Dataset="27347" ID-DOI="10.11646/zootaxa.4584.1.1" ID-GBIF-Dataset="23c131dd-5ac6-4ce7-ba1b-7baf3c4e5e34" ID-ISSN="1175-5326" ID-Zenodo-Dep="2634747" ID-ZooBank="7ACD7181-C5D9-4C05-8060-6725C3358C56" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1554882393947" checkinUser="plazi" docAuthor="Korneyev, Severyn V. &amp; Korneyev, Valery A." docDate="2019" docId="084E1818FF9B693DFF398809FE35F9CB" docLanguage="en" docName="zootaxa.4584.1.1.pdf.imf" docOrigin="Zootaxa 4584 (1)" docStyle="DocumentStyle:5EBBA59367AD13919D70D935FA04F6A3.14:Zootaxa.2013-.monograph" docStyleId="5EBBA59367AD13919D70D935FA04F6A3" docStyleName="Zootaxa.2013-.monograph" docStyleVersion="14" docTitle="Tephritis Latreille 1804" docType="treatment" docVersion="15" lastPageNumber="6" masterDocId="F4776060FF9F6938FFAE8E74FF84FFF9" masterDocTitle="Revision of the Old World species of the genus Tephritis (Diptera, Tephritidae) with a pair of isolated apical spots" masterLastPageNumber="73" masterPageNumber="1" pageNumber="5" updateTime="1698719224354" updateUser="ExternalLinkService">
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<mods:title id="808F8E644031269D0D4E9DAA8EB36284">Revision of the Old World species of the genus Tephritis (Diptera, Tephritidae) with a pair of isolated apical spots</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="2763AA2041F7DF3CA1814ABA4ADC510B">Korneyev, Severyn V.</mods:namePart>
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<treatment id="084E1818FF9B693DFF398809FE35F9CB" ID-GBIF-Taxon="156146968" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:084E1818FF9B693DFF398809FE35F9CB" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/084E1818FF9B693DFF398809FE35F9CB" lastPageId="5" lastPageNumber="6" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">
<subSubSection id="C8FDFA85FF9B693CFF398809FE31F96E" box="[151,437,1661,1687]" pageId="4" pageNumber="5" type="nomenclature">
<paragraph id="8058A90EFF9B693CFF398809FE31F96E" blockId="4.[151,437,1661,1687]" box="[151,437,1661,1687]" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">
<heading id="DB101E62FF9B693CFF398809FE31F96E" bold="true" box="[151,437,1661,1687]" fontSize="11" level="1" pageId="4" pageNumber="5" reason="1">
<taxonomicName id="47E7D28DFF9B693CFF398809FE31F96E" ID-CoL="8YQP3" authority="Latreille 1804" authorityName="Latreille" authorityYear="1804" box="[151,437,1661,1687]" class="Insecta" family="Tephritidae" genus="Tephritis" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="5" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B293751CFF9B693CFF398809FE31F96E" bold="true" box="[151,437,1661,1687]" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">
<emphasis id="B293751CFF9B693CFF398809FE85F96E" bold="true" box="[151,257,1661,1687]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">Tephritis</emphasis>
Latreille 1804
</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
</heading>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C8FDFA85FF9B693DFF3988B0FE35F9CB" lastPageId="5" lastPageNumber="6" pageId="4" pageNumber="5" type="diagnosis">
<paragraph id="8058A90EFF9B693DFF3988B0FB13FE03" blockId="4.[151,1436,1732,2012]" lastBlockId="5.[151,1437,151,1586]" lastPageId="5" lastPageNumber="6" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">
<emphasis id="B293751CFF9B693CFF3988B0FE8EF924" bold="true" box="[151,266,1732,1757]" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">Diagnosis</emphasis>
(modified from
<bibRefCitation id="E476D4FFFF9B693CFE6688B1FDC3F925" author="Merz, B." box="[456,583,1732,1756]" pageId="4" pageNumber="5" refId="ref62379" refString="Merz, B. (1994) Diptera: Tephritidae. Insecta Helvetica Fauna. Vol. 10. HGE Press, Geneva, 198 pp." type="book" year="1994">Merz 1994</bibRefCitation>
). Head and eye laterally slightly higher than long; frons bare or with a few fine setulae above lunule; face very slightly concave, antennal grooves almost inconspicuous; labellum capitate rather than geniculate; 2 pairs of frontal (a few New World species with an additional short seta) and 2 pairs of orbital setae present; postocellar setae white and convergent; postocular setae partly white, partly black, rarely all white; scape white setulose, pedicel black setulose; flagellomere 1 about 1.5 × as long as wide; scutum from ochreous to dark grey microtrichose, sometimes with 35 darker longitudinal vittae; setulae white, very rarely black; posterior notopleural seta white, rarely black; remaining setae black, rarely anepimeral seta whitish; scutellum with 2 pairs of setae, apical 1/2 to 1/3 as long as basal; upper and lower calypters subequal; vein R
<subScript id="1C63AB4BFF9B693CFA2A89BAFA18F825" attach="left" box="[1412,1436,1998,2012]" fontSize="6" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">4+5</subScript>
usually bare dorsally, ventrobasally in most species with 115 setulae; wing pattern commonly with grid or net consisting of numerous smaller and larger hyaline spots separated by dark pattern, as a rule with 3 larger dark regions: around pterostigma, around vein dm-cu and around apex of vein R
<subScript id="1C63AB4BFF9A693DFC598E9AFB8BFF05" attach="left" box="[1015,1039,238,252]" fontSize="6" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">2+3</subScript>
; wing apex either with apical fork (most species), or with 2 isolated dark spots at apices of veins R
<subScript id="1C63AB4BFF9A693DFCDB8F61FC09FEDA" attach="left" box="[885,909,277,291]" fontSize="6" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">4+5</subScript>
and M (complex of species considered in this paper), or with entire apical crossband (see Korneyev 2013), or very rarely, with entirely hyaline apex. Abdomen covered with unicolorous microtrichia, without darker spots; setulae white or mixed white and black, rarely entirely black. Male genitalia: preglans bare (very rarely with spines); glans weakly sclerotized, without sculpture or spines inside basal half. Female genitalia: oviscape dorsally black or brown setulose, laterodorsally and ventrally usually white setulose, rarely entirely dark setulose; aculeus usually rounded or incised apically, rarely with sharp subapical steps, very rarely barbed or serrated. 2 papillose spermathecae of various lengths.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8058A90EFF9A693DFF698C71FD5BFD2B" blockId="5.[151,1437,151,1586]" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">
Monophyly of the genus
<taxonomicName id="47E7D28DFF9A693DFE708C71FDC5FDE7" authorityName="Latreille" authorityYear="1804" box="[478,577,517,542]" class="Insecta" family="Tephritidae" genus="Tephritis" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B293751CFF9A693DFE708C71FDC5FDE7" box="[478,577,517,542]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">Tephritis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
is based on a few synapomorphies of low weight, such as the combination of 2 frontal setae (also in
<taxonomicName id="47E7D28DFF9A693DFE338C5EFD95FDB8" authorityName="Aczel" authorityYear="1940" box="[413,529,554,577]" class="Insecta" family="Tephritidae" genus="Heringina" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B293751CFF9A693DFE338C5EFD95FDB8" box="[413,529,554,577]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">Heringina</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and
<taxonomicName id="47E7D28DFF9A693DFDE78C5DFD74FDBB" authorityName="Hancock &amp; Drew" authorityYear="2003" box="[585,752,553,578]" class="Insecta" family="Tephritidae" genus="Austrotephritis" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B293751CFF9A693DFDE78C5DFD74FDBB" box="[585,752,553,578]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">Austrotephritis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
) and lack of sculpture / spines inside basal half of the glans (spinulose or sculptured in
<taxonomicName id="47E7D28DFF9A693DFE688C3AFDAFFD9C" authorityName="Foote &amp; Freidberg" authorityYear="1980" box="[454,555,590,613]" class="Insecta" family="Tephritidae" genus="Capitites" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B293751CFF9A693DFE688C3AFDAFFD9C" box="[454,555,590,613]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">Capitites</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and
<taxonomicName id="47E7D28DFF9A693DFDCF8C39FC8CFD9F" authorityName="Hancock &amp; Drew" authorityYear="2003" box="[609,776,589,614]" class="Insecta" family="Tephritidae" genus="Austrotephritis" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B293751CFF9A693DFDCF8C39FC8CFD9F" box="[609,776,589,614]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">Austrotephritis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
), in combination with such symplesiomorphies (with other genera of
<emphasis id="B293751CFF9A693DFEA48C05FE75FD73" box="[266,497,625,650]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">Tephritis—Trupanea</emphasis>
group of genera) as 2 pairs of scutellar setae and lack of the acrophallus (see also Merz 1980); phylogenetic analysis based on nucleotide sequences of five genes (S. Korneyev
<emphasis id="B293751CFF9A693DFB118CE2FB75FD57" box="[1215,1265,661,686]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">et al</emphasis>
., in prep.) also highly supports monophyly of the genus as a whole.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8058A90EFF9A693DFF698CA9FEC7FC9B" blockId="5.[151,1437,151,1586]" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">
According to the preliminary results of the molecular phylogenetic analysis, the species with a pair of isolated apical spots on the wing form an artificial, polyphyletic complex, with its species belonging in different distant mono- or paraphyletic lineages (S. Korneyev
<emphasis id="B293751CFF9A693DFD198D52FD69FCC7" box="[695,749,805,830]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">et al</emphasis>
., in prep.), each associated with host plants belonging in different tribes.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8058A90EFF9A693DFF698D19FC58FBC3" blockId="5.[151,1437,151,1586]" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">
<taxonomicName id="47E7D28DFF9A693DFF698D19FDE6FC7F" authority="(Schrank 1803)" baseAuthorityName="Schrank" baseAuthorityYear="1803" box="[199,610,877,902]" class="Insecta" family="Tephritidae" genus="Tephritis" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="bardanae">
<emphasis id="B293751CFF9A693DFF698D19FE25FC7F" box="[199,417,877,902]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">Tephritis bardanae</emphasis>
(Schrank 1803)
</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName id="47E7D28DFF9A693DFDDD8D1AFC8DFC7F" authority="Korneyev &amp; Korneyev, 2019" authorityName="Korneyev &amp; Korneyev" authorityYear="2019" box="[627,777,877,902]" class="Insecta" family="Tephritidae" genus="Tephritis" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="ghissarica" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="B293751CFF9A693DFDDD8D1AFC8DFC7F" box="[627,777,877,902]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">T. ghissarica</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A9A0C867FF9A693DFCBB8D1AFC21FC7F" box="[789,933,877,902]" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" rank="species">new species</taxonomicNameLabel>
,
<taxonomicName id="47E7D28DFF9A693DFC1B8D1AFB77FC7F" authority="Hering 1944" authorityName="Hering" authorityYear="1944" box="[949,1267,877,902]" class="Insecta" family="Tephritidae" genus="Tephritis" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="hendeliana">
<emphasis id="B293751CFF9A693DFC1B8D1AFBD6FC7F" box="[949,1106,877,902]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">T. hendeliana</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="E476D4FFFF9A693DFBF18D19FB77FC7F" author="Hering, E. M." box="[1119,1267,877,902]" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" pagination="17 - 31" refId="ref60650" refString="Hering, E. M. (1944) Bestimmungstabelle der Gattung Tephritis Latreille, 1804. Siruna Seva, 5, 17 - 31." type="journal article" year="1944">Hering 1944</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName id="47E7D28DFF9A693DFAAA8D1AFED1FC53" authority="(Linnaeus 1758)" baseAuthorityName="Linnaeus" baseAuthorityYear="1758" class="Insecta" family="Tephritidae" genus="Tephritis" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="hyoscyami">
<emphasis id="B293751CFF9A693DFAAA8D1AFA1FFC7F" box="[1284,1435,877,902]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">T. hyoscyami</emphasis>
(
<bibRefCitation id="E476D4FFFF9A693DFF308DE5FEC9FC53" author="Linnaeus, C." box="[158,333,913,938]" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" refId="ref62106" refString="Linnaeus, C. (1758) Systema naturae per regna tria naturae, secundum classes, ordines, genera, species, cum caracteribus, differentiis, synonymis, locis. Tomus I. Editio decima, reformata. L. Salvii, Holmiae, 824 pp." type="book" year="1758">Linnaeus 1758</bibRefCitation>
)
</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName id="47E7D28DFF9A693DFECB8DE6FE78FC53" authority="Korneyev &amp; Korneyev, 2019" authorityName="Korneyev &amp; Korneyev" authorityYear="2019" box="[357,508,913,938]" class="Insecta" family="Tephritidae" genus="Tephritis" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="kyrghyzica" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="B293751CFF9A693DFECB8DE6FEF6FC50" box="[357,370,914,937]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">T</emphasis>
.
<emphasis id="B293751CFF9A693DFE2A8DE5FE78FC53" box="[388,508,913,938]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">kyrghyzica</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A9A0C867FF9A693DFDA98DE6FD11FC53" box="[519,661,913,938]" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" rank="species">new species</taxonomicNameLabel>
,
<taxonomicName id="47E7D28DFF9A693DFD0D8DE6FC32FC53" authority="(Loew 1844)" baseAuthorityName="Loew" baseAuthorityYear="1844" box="[675,950,914,938]" class="Insecta" family="Tephritidae" genus="Trypeta" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="postica">
<emphasis id="B293751CFF9A693DFD0D8DE6FC90FC50" box="[675,788,914,937]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">T. postica</emphasis>
(
<bibRefCitation id="E476D4FFFF9A693DFC888DE6FC2AFC53" author="Loew, H." box="[806,942,914,938]" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" pagination="312 - 437" refId="ref62155" refString="Loew, H. (1844) Kritische Untersuchung der europaischen Arten des Genus Trypeta. Germar's Zeitschrift fur Entomologie, 5, 312 - 437." type="journal article" year="1844">Loew 1844</bibRefCitation>
)
</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName id="47E7D28DFF9A693DFC6B8DE6FB71FC53" authority="(Loew 1844)" baseAuthorityName="Loew" baseAuthorityYear="1844" box="[965,1269,913,938]" class="Insecta" family="Tephritidae" genus="Tephritis" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="tridentata">
<emphasis id="B293751CFF9A693DFC6B8DE6FBD6FC53" box="[965,1106,913,938]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">T. tridentata</emphasis>
(
<bibRefCitation id="E476D4FFFF9A693DFBCB8DE6FB6AFC53" author="Loew, H." box="[1125,1262,914,938]" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" pagination="312 - 437" refId="ref62155" refString="Loew, H. (1844) Kritische Untersuchung der europaischen Arten des Genus Trypeta. Germar's Zeitschrift fur Entomologie, 5, 312 - 437." type="journal article" year="1844">Loew 1844</bibRefCitation>
)
</taxonomicName>
, and
<taxonomicName id="47E7D28DFF9A693DFA968DE6FEBFFC37" authority="(Hendel 1927)" baseAuthorityName="Hendel" baseAuthorityYear="1927" class="Insecta" family="Tephritidae" genus="Tephritis" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="zernyi">
<emphasis id="B293751CFF9A693DFA968DE6FA1FFC50" box="[1336,1435,914,937]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">T. zernyi</emphasis>
(
<bibRefCitation id="E476D4FFFF9A693DFF308DC1FEB7FC37" author="Hendel, F." box="[158,307,949,974]" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" pagination="1 - 17" refId="ref60551" refString="Hendel, F. (1927) 49. Trypetidae. In: Lindner, E. (Ed.), Die Fliegen der palaearktischen Region. 5 (Lfg. 16 - 19). Schweizerbart., Stuttgart, pp. 1 - 221, Taf. 1 - 17." type="book chapter" year="1927">Hendel 1927</bibRefCitation>
)
</taxonomicName>
belong in the cluster of species feeding in flowerheads of different genera and species of the tribe
<taxonomicName id="47E7D28DFF9A693DFF398DADFE80FC0B" box="[151,260,985,1010]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Asteraceae" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" order="Asterales" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="tribe" tribe="Cardueae">Cardueae</taxonomicName>
. Of them,
<emphasis id="B293751CFF9A693DFE2C8DAEFD0DFC08" box="[386,649,985,1010]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">
<taxonomicName id="47E7D28DFF9A693DFE2C8DAEFD8FFC0B" baseAuthorityName="Schrank" baseAuthorityYear="1803" box="[386,523,985,1010]" class="Insecta" family="Tephritidae" genus="Tephritis" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="bardanae">T. bardanae</taxonomicName>
/
<taxonomicName id="47E7D28DFF9A693DFD898DAEFD0DFC08" baseAuthorityName="Hendel" baseAuthorityYear="1927" box="[551,649,986,1009]" class="Insecta" family="Tephritidae" genus="Tephritis" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="zernyi">T. zernyi</taxonomicName>
</emphasis>
,
<emphasis id="B293751CFF9A693DFD358DAEFCC4FC08" box="[667,832,985,1010]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">
<taxonomicName id="47E7D28DFF9A693DFD358DAEFCAAFC0B" authorityName="Korneyev &amp; Korneyev" authorityYear="2019" box="[667,814,985,1010]" class="Insecta" family="Tephritidae" genus="Tephritis" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="ghissarica">T. ghissarica</taxonomicName>
/
</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="47E7D28DFF9A693DFCE48DAEFC64FC0B" authorityName="Korneyev &amp; Korneyev" authorityYear="2019" box="[842,992,985,1010]" class="Insecta" family="Tephritidae" genus="Tephritis" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="kyrghyzica">
<emphasis id="B293751CFF9A693DFCE48DAEFCD3FC08" box="[842,855,986,1009]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">T</emphasis>
.
<emphasis id="B293751CFF9A693DFCC68DADFC64FC0B" box="[872,992,985,1010]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">kyrghyzica</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, and
<taxonomicName id="47E7D28DFF9A693DFB8A8DAEFB44FC0B" authorityName="Hering" authorityYear="1944" box="[1060,1216,985,1010]" class="Insecta" family="Tephritidae" genus="Tephritis" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="hendeliana">
<emphasis id="B293751CFF9A693DFB8A8DAEFB44FC0B" box="[1060,1216,985,1010]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">T. hendeliana</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
/
<taxonomicName id="47E7D28DFF9A693DFB758DAEFAF4FC0B" baseAuthorityName="Linnaeus" baseAuthorityYear="1758" box="[1243,1392,985,1010]" class="Insecta" family="Tephritidae" genus="Tephritis" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="hyoscyami">
<emphasis id="B293751CFF9A693DFB758DAEFAF4FC0B" box="[1243,1392,985,1010]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">T. hyoscyami</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
are believed to be pairs of closely related sister species, whereas each of these lineages does not show close relationships with the other mentioned species or lineages of this complex.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8058A90EFF9A693DFF698A31FF6CFB33" blockId="5.[151,1437,151,1586]" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">
<taxonomicName id="47E7D28DFF9A693DFF698A31FBDCFBA7" authority="Korneyev, Khaghaninia, Mohamadzade Namin &amp; Zarghani 2015" authorityName="Korneyev, Khaghaninia, Mohamadzade Namin &amp; Zarghani" authorityYear="2015" box="[199,1112,1093,1118]" class="Insecta" family="Tephritidae" genus="Tephritis" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="arsenii">
<emphasis id="B293751CFF9A693DFF698A31FEFAFBA4" box="[199,382,1093,1118]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">Tephritis arsenii</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="E476D4FFFF9A693DFE2A8A32FBDCFBA7" author="Korneyev, S. V. &amp; Khaghaninia, S. &amp; Mohamadzade Namin, S. &amp; Zarghani, E." box="[388,1112,1093,1118]" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" pagination="207 - 216" refId="ref61307" refString="Korneyev, S. V., Khaghaninia, S., Mohamadzade Namin, S. &amp; Zarghani, E. (2015 b) Palearctic species of the genus Tephritis (Diptera, Tephritidae) associated with plants of the tribe Senecioneae (Asteraceae). Zootaxa, 4007 (2), 207 - 216. https: // doi. org / 10.11646 / zootaxa. 4007.2.4" type="journal article" year="2015">Korneyev, Khaghaninia, Mohamadzade Namin &amp; Zarghani 2015</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
belongs in a small lineage of the species associated with the plants of Senecioneae, whereas
<taxonomicName id="47E7D28DFF9A693DFCF28A1EFB37FB7B" authority="(Hering 1944)" baseAuthorityName="Hering" baseAuthorityYear="1944" box="[860,1203,1129,1154]" class="Insecta" family="Tephritidae" genus="Tephritis" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="kogardtauica">
<emphasis id="B293751CFF9A693DFCF28A1EFB8FFB7B" box="[860,1035,1129,1154]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">T. kogardtauica</emphasis>
(
<bibRefCitation id="E476D4FFFF9A693DFBB48A1DFB2EFB7B" author="Hering, E. M." box="[1050,1194,1129,1154]" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" pagination="17 - 31" refId="ref60650" refString="Hering, E. M. (1944) Bestimmungstabelle der Gattung Tephritis Latreille, 1804. Siruna Seva, 5, 17 - 31." type="journal article" year="1944">Hering 1944</bibRefCitation>
)
</taxonomicName>
and
<taxonomicName id="47E7D28DFF9A693DFB448A1EFF5CFB5F" authority="(Loew 1858)" baseAuthorityName="Loew" baseAuthorityYear="1858" class="Insecta" family="Tephritidae" genus="Tephritis" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="valida">
<emphasis id="B293751CFF9A693DFB448A1EFACFFB7B" box="[1258,1355,1129,1154]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">T. valida</emphasis>
(
<bibRefCitation id="E476D4FFFF9A693DFAF48A1EFF54FB5F" author="Loew, H" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" pagination="7 - 15" refId="ref62207" refString="Loew, H (1858) Zehn neue Diptern. Wiener Entomologische Monatschrift, 2, 7 - 15." type="journal article" year="1858">Loew 1858</bibRefCitation>
)
</taxonomicName>
belong in another clade of species infesting the plants of Inuleae; both lineages nested inside the previous cluster.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8058A90EFF9A693DFF698AA1FEB0FAEB" blockId="5.[151,1437,151,1586]" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">
<taxonomicName id="47E7D28DFF9A693DFF698AA1FD93FB17" authority="Loew 1862" authorityName="Loew" authorityYear="1862" box="[199,535,1237,1262]" class="Insecta" family="Tephritidae" genus="Tephritis" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="stictica">
<emphasis id="B293751CFF9A693DFF698AA1FE03FB14" box="[199,391,1237,1262]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">Tephritis stictica</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="E476D4FFFF9A693DFE3D8AA2FD93FB17" author="Loew, H." box="[403,535,1237,1262]" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" refId="ref62227" refString="Loew, H. (1862) Die europaische Bohrfliegen (Trypetidae). Aus der Kais. Kon. Hof- und Staatsdruckerei, Wien, 128 pp." type="book" year="1862">Loew 1862</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
is a single species in the large cluster of species infesting flower heads of
<taxonomicName id="47E7D28DFF9A693DFF398A8DFEB4FAEB" box="[151,304,1273,1298]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Asteraceae" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" order="Asterales" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="tribe" tribe="Anthemideae">Anthemideae</taxonomicName>
.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8058A90EFF9A693DFF698B69FC20FA13" blockId="5.[151,1437,151,1586]" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">
<taxonomicName id="47E7D28DFF9A693DFF698B69FDC7FACF" authority="(Loew 1846)" baseAuthorityName="Loew" baseAuthorityYear="1846" box="[199,579,1309,1334]" class="Insecta" family="Tephritidae" genus="Tephritis" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="dilacerata">
<emphasis id="B293751CFF9A693DFF698B69FE21FACF" box="[199,421,1309,1334]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">Tephritis dilacerata</emphasis>
(
<bibRefCitation id="E476D4FFFF9A693DFE1B8B6AFDB8FACF" author="Loew, H." box="[437,572,1309,1334]" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" pagination="319 - 530" refId="ref62182" refString="Loew, H. (1846) Fragmente zur Kenntniss der europaischen Arten einiger Dipterengattungen. Linnaea Entomologica, 1, 319 - 530." type="journal article" year="1846">Loew 1846</bibRefCitation>
)
</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName id="47E7D28DFF9A693DFDFF8B6AFCE1FACF" authority="(Loew 1844)" baseAuthorityName="Loew" baseAuthorityYear="1844" box="[593,869,1310,1334]" class="Insecta" family="Tephritidae" genus="Tephritis" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="formosa">
<emphasis id="B293751CFF9A693DFDFF8B6AFD4EFACF" box="[593,714,1310,1334]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">T. formosa</emphasis>
(
<bibRefCitation id="E476D4FFFF9A693DFD748B6AFCD9FACF" author="Loew, H." box="[730,861,1310,1334]" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" pagination="312 - 437" refId="ref62155" refString="Loew, H. (1844) Kritische Untersuchung der europaischen Arten des Genus Trypeta. Germar's Zeitschrift fur Entomologie, 5, 312 - 437." type="journal article" year="1844">Loew 1844</bibRefCitation>
)
</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName id="47E7D28DFF9A693DFCDB8B6AFACEFACF" authority="Korneyev &amp; Kameneva 1990" authorityName="Korneyev &amp; Kameneva" authorityYear="1990" box="[885,1354,1309,1334]" class="Insecta" family="Tephritidae" genus="Tephritis" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="kovalevi">
<emphasis id="B293751CFF9A693DFCDB8B6AFC74FACF" box="[885,1008,1309,1334]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">T. kovalevi</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="E476D4FFFF9A693DFC568B6AFACEFACF" author="Korneyev, V. A. &amp; Kameneva E. P." box="[1016,1354,1310,1334]" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" pagination="138 - 140" refId="ref61710" refString="Korneyev, V. A. &amp; Kameneva E. P. (1990) The new species of fruit flies (Diptera, Tephritidae) from Kazakhstan. Zoologicheskiy Zhurnal, 69 (10), 138 - 140." type="journal article" year="1990">Korneyev &amp; Kameneva 1990</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
, and
<taxonomicName id="47E7D28DFF9A693DFA298B6AFE89FAA0" authority="Korneyev &amp; Korneyev, 2019" authorityName="Korneyev &amp; Korneyev" authorityYear="2019" class="Insecta" family="Tephritidae" genus="Tephritis" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="youngiana" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="B293751CFF9A693DFA298B6AFE89FAA0" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">T. youngiana</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A9A0C867FF9A693DFEBB8B36FE1AFAA3" box="[277,414,1345,1370]" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" rank="species">new species</taxonomicNameLabel>
form a clearly monophyletic lineage, with the first three species associated with
<taxonomicName id="47E7D28DFF9A693DFA908B35FA1FFAA3" authorityName="J. T. J. Kost" authorityYear="1976" baseAuthorityName="Boulos" box="[1342,1435,1345,1370]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Asteraceae" genus="Sonchus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" order="Asterales" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B293751CFF9A693DFA908B35FA1FFAA3" box="[1342,1435,1345,1370]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">Sonchus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
spp., and the fourth with
<emphasis id="B293751CFF9A693DFE1A8B12FD8BFA84" box="[436,527,1382,1405]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">Youngia</emphasis>
(sometimes considered a synonym of
<taxonomicName id="47E7D28DFF9A693DFC6C8B12FB88FA84" authorityName="C.Linnaeus" authorityYear="1753" box="[962,1036,1382,1405]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Asteraceae" genus="Crepis" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" order="Asterales" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B293751CFF9A693DFC6C8B12FB88FA84" box="[962,1036,1382,1405]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">Crepis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
); the additional species,
<taxonomicName id="47E7D28DFF9A693DFA888B12FEAFFA5B" authority="Hendel 1927" authorityName="Hendel" authorityYear="1927" class="Insecta" family="Tephritidae" genus="Tephritis" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="crepidis">
<emphasis id="B293751CFF9A693DFA888B12FA18FA87" box="[1318,1436,1381,1406]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">T. crepidis</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="E476D4FFFF9A693DFF398BFDFEAFFA5B" author="Hendel, F." box="[151,299,1417,1442]" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" pagination="1 - 17" refId="ref60551" refString="Hendel, F. (1927) 49. Trypetidae. In: Lindner, E. (Ed.), Die Fliegen der palaearktischen Region. 5 (Lfg. 16 - 19). Schweizerbart., Stuttgart, pp. 1 - 221, Taf. 1 - 17." type="book chapter" year="1927">Hendel 1927</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName id="47E7D28DFF9A693DFE998BFEFDDBFA5B" authority="Merz 1992" authorityName="Merz" authorityYear="1992" box="[311,607,1417,1442]" class="Insecta" family="Tephritidae" genus="Tephritis" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="conyzifoliae">
<emphasis id="B293751CFF9A693DFE998BFEFE58FA5B" box="[311,476,1417,1442]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">T. conyzifoliae</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="E476D4FFFF9A693DFE4A8BFEFDDBFA5B" author="Merz, B." box="[484,607,1418,1442]" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" pagination="227 - 239" refId="ref62292" refString="Merz, B. (1992) Funf neue Fruchtfliegenarten aus den Schweizer Alpen und systematische Bemerkungen zu einigen europaischen Arten und Gattungen (Diptera, Tephritidae). Mitteilungen der Schweizerischen Entomologischen Gesellschaft, 65, 227 - 239." type="journal article" year="1992">Merz 1992</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
and
<taxonomicName id="47E7D28DFF9A693DFD368BFEFC90FA58" baseAuthorityName="Loew" baseAuthorityYear="1844" box="[664,788,1418,1441]" class="Insecta" family="Tephritidae" genus="Tephritis" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="truncata">
<emphasis id="B293751CFF9A693DFD368BFEFC90FA58" box="[664,788,1418,1441]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">T. truncata</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
apparently are the members of a larger, monophyletic or paraphyletic complex of species associated with plants of the tribe
<taxonomicName id="47E7D28DFF9A693DFC2A8BD9FB85FA3F" box="[900,1025,1453,1478]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Asteraceae" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" order="Asterales" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="tribe" tribe="Cichorieae">Cichorieae</taxonomicName>
; however, the latter three species are apparently only distantly related to the
<emphasis id="B293751CFF9A693DFDE38BA5FCC0FA13" box="[589,836,1489,1514]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">dilaceratayoungiana</emphasis>
lineage.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8058A90EFF9A693DFF698B81FE35F9CB" blockId="5.[151,1437,151,1586]" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">
Detailed phylogenetic relationships within
<taxonomicName id="47E7D28DFF9A693DFD058B81FC89F9F7" authorityName="Latreille" authorityYear="1804" box="[683,781,1525,1550]" class="Insecta" family="Tephritidae" genus="Tephritis" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B293751CFF9A693DFD058B81FC89F9F7" box="[683,781,1525,1550]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">Tephritis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
based on molecular data will be considered elsewhere (S. Korneyev
<emphasis id="B293751CFF9A693DFEA2886EFEB9F9CB" box="[268,317,1561,1586]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">et al</emphasis>
. in prep.).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>