365 lines
33 KiB
XML
365 lines
33 KiB
XML
<document ID-DOI="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.168.51904" ID-GBIF-Dataset="e7345e6b-fa55-474e-9b6e-d6b185121541" ID-PMC="PMC7718216" ID-Pensoft-Pub="1314-2003-168-1" ID-Pensoft-UUID="5F39D34A0DEF5952A2C4E9090C14B498" ID-PubMed="33335445" ModsDocID="1314-2003-168-1" checkinTime="1606572050664" checkinUser="pensoft" docAuthor="Dean, Ellen, Poore, Jennifer, Anguiano-Constante, Marco Antonio, Nee, Michael H., Kang, Hannah, Starbuck, Thomas, Rodrigues, Annamarie & Conner, Matthew" docDate="2020" docId="E3E13EFAF3F6608D52F62EB9E0F8B508" docLanguage="en" docName="PhytoKeys 168: 1-333" docOrigin="PhytoKeys 168" docSource="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.168.51904" docTitle="Lycianthes rantonnetii (Carrière) Bitter, Abh. Naturwiss. Verein Bremen 24 [preprint]: 332. 1919" docType="treatment" docVersion="4" id="5F39D34A0DEF5952A2C4E9090C14B498" lastPageNumber="1" masterDocId="5F39D34A0DEF5952A2C4E9090C14B498" masterDocTitle="The genus Lycianthes (Solanaceae, Capsiceae) in Mexico and Guatemala" masterLastPageNumber="333" masterPageNumber="1" pageNumber="1" updateTime="1668140149145" updateUser="ExternalLinkService">
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<mods:mods xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
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<mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:title>The genus Lycianthes (Solanaceae, Capsiceae) in Mexico and Guatemala</mods:title>
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</mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart>Dean, Ellen</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation>UC Davis Center for Plant Diversity, Plant Sciences M. S. 7, One Shields Ave., Davis, CA 95616, USA</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:nameIdentifier type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5986-0027</mods:nameIdentifier>
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<mods:nameIdentifier type="email">eadean@ucdavis.edu</mods:nameIdentifier>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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<mods:namePart>Poore, Jennifer</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation>UC Davis Center for Plant Diversity, Plant Sciences M. S. 7, One Shields Ave., Davis, CA 95616, USA</mods:affiliation>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart>Anguiano-Constante, Marco Antonio</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation>Laboratorio Nacional de Identificacion y Caracterizacion Vegetal (LaniVeg), Consejo Nacional de Ciencia y Tecnologia (CONACyT), Centro Universitario de Ciencias Biologicas y Agropecuarias, Universidad de Guadalajara, Camino Ramon Padilla Sanchez 2100, 45110 Nextipac, Zapopan, Jalisco, Mexico</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:nameIdentifier type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4071-8108</mods:nameIdentifier>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart>Nee, Michael H.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation>26776 US Hwy 14, Richland Center, WI 53581, USA</mods:affiliation>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart>Kang, Hannah</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation>UC Davis Center for Plant Diversity, Plant Sciences M. S. 7, One Shields Ave., Davis, CA 95616, USA</mods:affiliation>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart>Starbuck, Thomas</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation>UC Davis Center for Plant Diversity, Plant Sciences M. S. 7, One Shields Ave., Davis, CA 95616, USA</mods:affiliation>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart>Rodrigues, Annamarie</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation>UC Davis Center for Plant Diversity, Plant Sciences M. S. 7, One Shields Ave., Davis, CA 95616, USA</mods:affiliation>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart>Conner, Matthew</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation>UC Davis Center for Plant Diversity, Plant Sciences M. S. 7, One Shields Ave., Davis, CA 95616, USA</mods:affiliation>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:typeOfResource>text</mods:typeOfResource>
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<mods:relatedItem type="host">
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<mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:title>PhytoKeys</mods:title>
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</mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:part>
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<mods:date>2020</mods:date>
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<mods:detail type="volume">
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<mods:number>168</mods:number>
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</mods:detail>
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<mods:extent unit="page">
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<mods:start>1</mods:start>
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<mods:end>333</mods:end>
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</mods:extent>
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</mods:part>
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</mods:relatedItem>
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<mods:location>
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<mods:url>http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.168.51904</mods:url>
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</mods:location>
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<mods:classification>journal article</mods:classification>
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<mods:identifier type="DOI">http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.168.51904</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier type="Pensoft-Pub">1314-2003-168-1</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier type="Pensoft-UUID">5F39D34A0DEF5952A2C4E9090C14B498</mods:identifier>
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</mods:mods>
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<treatment ID-GBIF-Taxon="170596513" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:E3E13EFAF3F6608D52F62EB9E0F8B508" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/E3E13EFAF3F6608D52F62EB9E0F8B508" lastPageNumber="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
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<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
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40
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<taxonomicName authority="(Carriere) Bitter, Abh. Naturwiss. Verein Bremen 24 [preprint]: 332. 1919" authorityName="(Carrière) Bitter, Abh. Naturwiss. Verein Bremen 24 [preprint]: 332." authorityYear="1919" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Solanaceae" genus="Lycianthes" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Lycianthes rantonnetii" order="Solanales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="rantonnetii">
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Lycianthes rantonnetii (
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<normalizedToken originalValue="Carrière">Carriere</normalizedToken>
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) Bitter, Abh. Naturwiss. Verein Bremen 24 [preprint]: 332. 1919
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</taxonomicName>
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<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 90" captionStartId="F90" captionText="Figure 90. Image of herbarium specimen of L. rantonnetii, McCaskill 612 (DAV). Image used with permission of the UC Davis Center for Plant Diversity." figureDoi="10.3897/phytokeys.168.51904.figure90" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/480104" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Fig. 90</figureCitation>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="reference_group">
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
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<taxonomicName class="Magnoliopsida" family="Solanaceae" genus="Solanum" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Solanum rantonnetii" order="Solanales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="rantonnetii">Solanum rantonnetii</taxonomicName>
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<normalizedToken originalValue="Carrière">Carriere</normalizedToken>
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, Rev. Hort. [Paris] 32: 135. 1859, as
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<taxonomicName class="Magnoliopsida" family="Solanaceae" genus="Solanum" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="rantonnei" order="Solanales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="rantonnei">rantonnei</taxonomicName>
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. Type: Illustration (Rev. Hort. [Paris] 32: fig. 32, page 135 (lectotype designated here). Orthographic variant correcting epithet to "
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">rantonnetii</emphasis>
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" published by Lescuyer, Hort.
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<normalizedToken originalValue="Français">Francais</normalizedToken>
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,
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<normalizedToken originalValue="sér">ser</normalizedToken>
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. II. i (9): 197. Late 1859 or 1860.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
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<taxonomicName class="Magnoliopsida" family="Solanaceae" genus="Solanum" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Solanum corniculatum" order="Solanales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="corniculatum">Solanum corniculatum</taxonomicName>
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Hiern, Vidensk. Meddel. Naturhist. Foren.
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<normalizedToken originalValue="Kjøbenhavn">Kjobenhavn</normalizedToken>
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(1877-78): 45. 1877. Type: Brazil,
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<normalizedToken originalValue="Río">Rio</normalizedToken>
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de Janeiro, 1867.
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">A. Glaziou 1078</emphasis>
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(lectotype designated here: C [10019192]; isolectotypes: BR [00000552267, 00000552234]).
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
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<taxonomicName authorityName="Morong" authorityYear="1893" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Solanaceae" genus="Solanum" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Solanum urbanum" order="Solanales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="urbanum">Solanum urbanum</taxonomicName>
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Morong, Ann. New York Acad. Sci. 7: 177. 1893. Type: Paraguay.
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<normalizedToken originalValue="Asunción">Asuncion</normalizedToken>
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, streets of
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<normalizedToken originalValue="Asunción">Asuncion</normalizedToken>
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, Nov 1888,
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">T. Morong 147</emphasis>
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(lectotype designated by
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<bibRefCitation author="Barboza, GE" journalOrPublisher="ZooKeys" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" refId="B6" refString="Barboza, GE, 2013. Lycianthes In: Barboza GE (Coord.) Solanaceae. Flora Vascular de la Republica Argentina, Dicotyledoneae (Vol. 13). IBODA-IMBIV, CONICET, San Isidro, 25-30." title="Lycianthes In: Barboza GE (Coord.) Solanaceae. Flora Vascular de la Republica Argentina, Dicotyledoneae (Vol. 13). IBODA-IMBIV, CONICET, San Isidro, 25 - 30." year="2013">Barboza 2013</bibRefCitation>
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, pg. 29: NY [00172225]; isolectotypes: MO [acc. # 2495263], NDG [NDG45160], PH [00030498], US [00027839], WIS [v0004256WIS]).
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
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<taxonomicName class="Magnoliopsida" family="Solanaceae" genus="Solanum" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Solanum muticum" order="Solanales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="muticum">Solanum muticum</taxonomicName>
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N.E.Br., Bull. Misc. Inform. Kew 85: 6. 1894. Type: Uruguay. Montevideo "Originaire du Paraguay,
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<normalizedToken originalValue="cultivé">cultive</normalizedToken>
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<normalizedToken originalValue="à">a</normalizedToken>
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Montevideo comme plante
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<normalizedToken originalValue="d’ornament,”">d'ornament,"</normalizedToken>
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Mar 1858,
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Gibert 56</emphasis>
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(lectotype designated by
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<bibRefCitation author="Barboza, GE" journalOrPublisher="ZooKeys" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" refId="B6" refString="Barboza, GE, 2013. Lycianthes In: Barboza GE (Coord.) Solanaceae. Flora Vascular de la Republica Argentina, Dicotyledoneae (Vol. 13). IBODA-IMBIV, CONICET, San Isidro, 25-30." title="Lycianthes In: Barboza GE (Coord.) Solanaceae. Flora Vascular de la Republica Argentina, Dicotyledoneae (Vol. 13). IBODA-IMBIV, CONICET, San Isidro, 25 - 30." year="2013">Barboza 2013</bibRefCitation>
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, pg. 29: K [K000585755]).
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
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<taxonomicName authorityName="Chodat" authorityYear="1916" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Solanaceae" genus="Solanum" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Solanum urbanum subsp. var. var. foliosum" order="Solanales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="variety" species="urbanum" subSpecies="var." variety="foliosum">Solanum urbanum Morong var. foliosum</taxonomicName>
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Chodat, Bull. Soc. Bot.
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<normalizedToken originalValue="Genève">Geneve</normalizedToken>
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, ser. 2, 8: 152, fig. 47. 1916. Type: Paraguay. Cerros de
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<normalizedToken originalValue="Paraguarí">Paraguari</normalizedToken>
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,
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">R. Chodat & W. Vischer 60</emphasis>
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(holotype: G [G00392293]).
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
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<taxonomicName authorityName="Chodat" authorityYear="1916" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Solanaceae" genus="Solanum" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Solanum urbanum subsp. var. var. nervosum" order="Solanales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="variety" species="urbanum" subSpecies="var." variety="nervosum">Solanum urbanum Morong var. nervosum</taxonomicName>
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Chodat, Bull. Soc. Bot.
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<normalizedToken originalValue="Genève">Geneve</normalizedToken>
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, ser. 2, 8: 152, fig. 47. 1916. Type: Paraguay. No exact location, Jan 1900,
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
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<normalizedToken originalValue="É">E</normalizedToken>
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. Hassler 7024
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</emphasis>
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(lectotype designated here: G [G00390048]; isolectotypes: G [G00392288, G00392285, G00392290], P [P03852955], W [acc. # 1904-804].
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
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<taxonomicName authorityName="Chodat" authorityYear="1916" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Solanaceae" genus="Solanum" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Solanum urbanum subsp. var. var. subtomentosum" order="Solanales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="variety" species="urbanum" subSpecies="var." variety="subtomentosum">Solanum urbanum Morong var. subtomentosum</taxonomicName>
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Chodat, Bull. Soc. Bot.
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<normalizedToken originalValue="Genève">Geneve</normalizedToken>
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, ser. 2, 8: 152, fig. 47. 1916. Type: Paraguay. Misiones: San Ignacio, Oct 1914,
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">R. Chodat & W. Vischer 61</emphasis>
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(holotype: G [G00392295]).
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
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<taxonomicName authorityName="Chodat" authorityYear="1916" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Solanaceae" genus="Solanum" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Solanum urbanum subsp. var. var. typicum" order="Solanales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="variety" species="urbanum" subSpecies="var." variety="typicum">Solanum urbanum Morong var. typicum</taxonomicName>
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Chodat, Bull. Soc. Bot.
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<normalizedToken originalValue="Genève">Geneve</normalizedToken>
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, ser. 2, 8: 151. 1916. Nom. illeg. Type: Paraguay. Dans les jardines de
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<normalizedToken originalValue="l’Assumption">l'Assumption</normalizedToken>
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, 9 Apr 1875,
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">B. Balansa 2104</emphasis>
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(lectotype designated here: G [G00392296]; isolectotype: G [G00392297]).
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="materials_examined">
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Type.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
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Based on
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<taxonomicName class="Magnoliopsida" family="Solanaceae" genus="Solanum" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Solanum rantonnetii" order="Solanales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="rantonnetii">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Solanum rantonnetii</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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<normalizedToken originalValue="Carrière">Carriere</normalizedToken>
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</paragraph>
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<caption doi="10.3897/phytokeys.168.51904.figure90" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/480104" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" start="Figure 90" startId="F90">
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
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<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Figure 90.</emphasis>
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Image of herbarium specimen of
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<taxonomicName lsidName="L. rantonnetii" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="species" species="rantonnetii">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">L. rantonnetii</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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,
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">McCaskill 612</emphasis>
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(DAV). Image used with permission of the UC Davis Center for Plant Diversity.
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</paragraph>
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</caption>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="description">
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Description.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
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Shrub, 1-3 (4) m tall, multiple stems emerging at the soil level. Indument of whitish, multicellular, simple, furcate, or dendritically branched, eglandular, spreading trichomes to 0.5 mm long, as well as sparse simple, glandular hairs. Stems green with yellow striations when young, sparsely to moderately pubescent, not compressed, but sometimes angled, upon drying in a plant press, brown and woody with angled ridges with age, becoming glabrate; upper sympodial branching usually dichasial, sometimes monochasial. Leaves simple, the leaves of the upper sympodia usually unpaired, when paired often equal in size, the blades 1-15.5
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<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
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0.5-7.5 cm, widely ovate, elliptic, rhombic-lanceolate, or narrowly lanceolate, chartaceous, moderately pubescent, the base cuneate, attenuate into the petiole, sometimes oblique, the margin entire, irregularly undulate, the apex acute or acuminate (sometimes obtuse at the very tip), the petiole (0.1-) 0.8-2.5 (-4) cm long, winged toward the apex, the larger leaf blades with 3-7 primary veins on each side of the midvein. Flowers solitary or in groups of 2-7, axillary, erect to ascending; peduncles absent; pedicels slender, 5-25 mm long and erect to arching in flower, to 25 mm long (probably longer), arching to deflexed fruit, moderately pubescent; calyx 1.5-4 mm long, 2.5-4.5 mm in diameter, obconic to campanulate, puberulent, the margin truncate, with 5-10 spreading, linear-subulate appendages of two different lengths, the five longer appendages 2-5.2 mm long, emerging at the calyx rim, the five shorter appendages 0.25-2 mm long (these sometimes lacking), emerging ca. 0.25 mm below the calyx rim; fruiting calyx slightly enlarged, widely bowl- or plate-shaped, 3-5 mm long, 9-11 mm in diameter, the appendages not elongating, often withering; corolla 1-1.2 (2) cm long, rotate in orientation, mostly entire in outline (with shallow notches), with abundant interpetalar tissue, adaxially deep violet-purple with yellow center, glabrous, abaxially deep violet-purple, glabrous; stamens unequal, curved, the two short filaments 0.8-1.5 mm long, the three long filaments 2-3 mm long, sparsely to densely pubescent on inner face at juncture with corolla, the anthers 2.5-4 mm long, elliptic to oblong, free of one another, yellow to orange, glabrous, poricidal at the tips, the pores opening horizontally, dehiscing toward the style, not opening into longitudinal slits; pistil with glabrous ovary, the style 3.5-5.5 mm long, linear, slightly curved, widening near the stigma, glabrous, the stigma truncate, slightly bilobed. Fruit a berry, 10-20 (35) mm long, 8-15 (35) mm in diameter, subglobose to ellipsoid, green (sometimes with dark lines when immature), yellow to orange when mature, glabrous, with abundant (often more than 20) tan, irregularly shaped sclerotic granules, 1-2 (3) mm long, these sometimes attached to the seeds. Seeds ca. 3-12 per fruit in horticultural plants, possibly more in native habitat, (1.75) 2.25-3.5
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<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
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(1.5) 3-3.3 mm, compressed but not flat, round elliptic to reniform in outline, dark brown, the surface reticulum with loose serpentine pattern with deep luminae.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="chromosome number">
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Chromosome number.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
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2n = 24, Gerasimenko and Reznikova 1968, cited in
|
||
<bibRefCitation DOI="https://doi.org/10.2307/2395032" author="D'Arcy, WG" journalOrPublisher="Annals of the Missouri Botanical Garden" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="819 - 867" refId="B27" refString="D'Arcy, WG, 1974. Solanum and its close relatives in Florida. Annals of the Missouri Botanical Garden 61 (3): 819 - 867, DOI: https://doi.org/10.2307/2395032" title="Solanum and its close relatives in Florida." url="https://doi.org/10.2307/2395032" volume="61" year="1974">
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="D’Arcy">D'Arcy</normalizedToken>
|
||
(1974)
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
.
|
||
<bibRefCitation DOI="https://doi.org/10.2307/25065428" author="Acosta, MC" journalOrPublisher="Taxon" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="713 - 723" refId="B1" refString="Acosta, MC, Bernardello, G, Guerra, M, Moscone, EA, 2005. Karyotype analysis in several South American species of Solanum and Lycianthes rantonnei (Solanaceae). Taxon 54 (3): 713 - 723, DOI: https://doi.org/10.2307/25065428" title="Karyotype analysis in several South American species of Solanum and Lycianthes rantonnei (Solanaceae)." url="https://doi.org/10.2307/25065428" volume="54" year="2005">Acosta et al. (2005)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="distribution">
|
||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Distribution and habitat.</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Native to South America (Argentina, Bolivia, Paraguay, and southern Brazil) in thickets and woodlands, weedy in disturbed areas along roadsides, 100-2000 m in elevation. Horticulturally, widely distributed worldwide, including Mexico and Guatemala (no distribution map completed for this species).</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="common names and uses">
|
||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Common names and uses.</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||
Argentina. Meloncillo del aire (
|
||
<bibRefCitation author="Barboza, GE" journalOrPublisher="Darwiniana" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="17 - 34" refId="B7" refString="Barboza, GE, Hunziker, AT, 1992. Estudios sobre Solanaceae XXXIII, el genero Lycianthes en la Argentina. Darwiniana 31: 17 - 34" title="Estudios sobre Solanaceae XXXIII, el genero Lycianthes en la Argentina." volume="31" year="1992">Barboza and Hunziker 1992</bibRefCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="phenology">
|
||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Phenology.</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">This species flowers most of the year in cultivation and may be similar in its native habitat. Fruiting period not known. Corollas open in the morning, closing by late afternoon or evening.</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="preliminary conservation status">
|
||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Preliminary conservation status.</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">As this species is a horticultural plant in our floristic region, we are not providing a conservation assessment.</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="discussion">
|
||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Discussion.</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Magnoliopsida" family="Solanaceae" genus="Lycianthes" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Lycianthes rantonnetii" order="Solanales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="rantonnetii">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Lycianthes rantonnetii</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
is a popular horticultural plant, often flowering prolifically throughout the year (depending on climate) and dying back to near the ground in cold temperatures. The species is widely planted in Mexico and California. Viable seeds are produced in Mexican plants, but in California, the fruits are often sterile, without viable seeds; it has been documented as persisting in the wild in southern California, but it is unknown whether viable seeds are being produced (
|
||
<bibRefCitation author="Dean, E" journalOrPublisher="Botanical Journal of the Linnean Society" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" refId="B40" refString="Dean, E, In Press. Lycianthes. In: Flora of North America Editorial Committee (Eds) Flora of North America North of Mexico. New York and Oxford." title="Lycianthes. In: Flora of North America Editorial Committee (Eds) Flora of North America North of Mexico. New York and Oxford." year="In Press">Dean in press</bibRefCitation>
|
||
). The species was named for M. Victor Rantonnet, 19th century French horticulturist of
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="Hyères">Hyeres</normalizedToken>
|
||
, a town on the Mediterranean coast of southern France (
|
||
<bibRefCitation author="Carriere, E" journalOrPublisher="Revue Horticole" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="135 - 138" refId="B15" refString="Carriere, E, 1859. Solanum rantonnei. Revue Horticole 32: 135 - 138" title="Solanum rantonnei." volume="32" year="1859">
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="Carrière">Carriere</normalizedToken>
|
||
1859
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
). The spelling of the epithet was first published as "
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">rantonnei</emphasis>
|
||
" in March of 1859 (
|
||
<bibRefCitation author="Carriere, E" journalOrPublisher="Revue Horticole" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="135 - 138" refId="B15" refString="Carriere, E, 1859. Solanum rantonnei. Revue Horticole 32: 135 - 138" title="Solanum rantonnei." volume="32" year="1859">
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="Carrière">Carriere</normalizedToken>
|
||
1859
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
) and changed to
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Magnoliopsida" family="Solanaceae" genus="Lycianthes" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="rantonnetii" order="Solanales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="rantonnetii">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">rantonnetii</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
by Lescuyer in the later months of 1859 (
|
||
<bibRefCitation DOI="https://doi.org/10.2307/2395032" author="D'Arcy, WG" journalOrPublisher="Annals of the Missouri Botanical Garden" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="819 - 867" refId="B27" refString="D'Arcy, WG, 1974. Solanum and its close relatives in Florida. Annals of the Missouri Botanical Garden 61 (3): 819 - 867, DOI: https://doi.org/10.2307/2395032" title="Solanum and its close relatives in Florida." url="https://doi.org/10.2307/2395032" volume="61" year="1974">
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="D’Arcy">D'Arcy</normalizedToken>
|
||
1974
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
). Retaining the spelling as
|
||
<taxonomicName lsidName="L. rantonnetii" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="species" species="rantonnetii">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">L. rantonnetii</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
was upheld by recent editors of the International Plants Name Index citing Art. 60.7 of the International Code of Botanical Nomenclature (
|
||
<bibRefCitation DOI="https://doi.org/10.2307/4135586" author="Shaw, J" journalOrPublisher="Taxon" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="1077 - 1078" refId="B95" refString="Shaw, J, Shaw, H, 2004. Proposal to conserve the name Solanum rantonnetii (Solanaceae) with that spelling. Taxon 53 (4): 1077 - 1078, DOI: https://doi.org/10.2307/4135586" title="Proposal to conserve the name Solanum rantonnetii (Solanaceae) with that spelling." url="https://doi.org/10.2307/4135586" volume="53" year="2004">Shaw and Shaw 2004</bibRefCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||
In the protologue,
|
||
<bibRefCitation author="Carriere, E" journalOrPublisher="Revue Horticole" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="135 - 138" refId="B15" refString="Carriere, E, 1859. Solanum rantonnei. Revue Horticole 32: 135 - 138" title="Solanum rantonnei." volume="32" year="1859">
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="Carrière">Carriere</normalizedToken>
|
||
(1859)
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
described
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Magnoliopsida" family="Solanaceae" genus="Solanum" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Solanum rantonnetii" order="Solanales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="rantonnetii">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Solanum rantonnetii</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
from horticultural material grown in
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="Hyères">Hyeres</normalizedToken>
|
||
. He says that the seeds were brought to France in ca. 1849 by a naval officer from the region of La Plata [assumed to be Argentina], and after being grown at Toulon, plants were then shared with Rantonnet. No herbarium specimens were cited by
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="Carrière">Carriere</normalizedToken>
|
||
, but the protologue does have a detailed illustration (
|
||
<bibRefCitation author="Carriere, E" journalOrPublisher="Revue Horticole" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="135 - 138" refId="B15" refString="Carriere, E, 1859. Solanum rantonnei. Revue Horticole 32: 135 - 138" title="Solanum rantonnei." volume="32" year="1859">
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="Carrière">Carriere</normalizedToken>
|
||
1859
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
, fig. 32, pg. 135) which can serve as a type, and we are lectotypifying that illustration here.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||
The protologue for
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Magnoliopsida" family="Solanaceae" genus="Solanum" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Solanum corniculatum" order="Solanales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="corniculatum">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Solanum corniculatum</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
is part of an article edited by Warming but published by Hiern (a British botanist) on the
|
||
<taxonomicName family="Solanaceae" lsidName="" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="family">Solanaceae</taxonomicName>
|
||
of Brazil (
|
||
<bibRefCitation author="Hiern" journalOrPublisher="Englera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" refId="B63" refString="Hiern, 1877. Symbolae ad floram Brasiliae centralis cognoscendam. Particula XXIII. Solanaceae, Acanthaceae, Gesneraceae, Verbenaceae. Videnskabelige Meddelelser den Naturhistoriske Forening Kjobenhavn (1877, 78): 37-108." title="Symbolae ad floram Brasiliae centralis cognoscendam. Particula XXIII. Solanaceae, Acanthaceae, Gesneraceae, Verbenaceae. Videnskabelige Meddelelser den Naturhistoriske Forening Kjobenhavn (1877, 78): 37 - 108." year="1877">Hiern 1877</bibRefCitation>
|
||
). The protologue cites one collection (
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Glazou 1078</emphasis>
|
||
) but does not mention where the collection was seen or deposited. We located one duplicate of
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Glazou 1078</emphasis>
|
||
at C [10019192] and two at BR [00000552267, 00000552234]. The specimen at C is from the Warming Herbarium. Those at BR are from the Martius herbarium. Therefore, the duplicate from the Warming Herbarium at C was chosen as the lectotype: C [10019192].
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||
In his protologue for
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Chodat" authorityYear="1916" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Solanaceae" genus="Solanum" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Solanum urbanum subsp. var. var. nervosum" order="Solanales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="variety" species="urbanum" subSpecies="var." variety="nervosum">Solanum urbanum Morong var. nervosum</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<bibRefCitation author="Chodat, R" journalOrPublisher="Bulletin de la Societe Botanique de Geneve" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="83 - 160" refId="B18" refString="Chodat, R, Vischer, W, 1916. La vegetation du Paraguay, resultats scientifiques d'une mission botanique suisse au Paraguay. Bulletin de la Societe Botanique de Geneve 8: 83 - 160" title="La vegetation du Paraguay, resultats scientifiques d'une mission botanique suisse au Paraguay." volume="8" year="1916">Chodat and Vischer (1916)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
cite three collections from Paraguay which we located at G:
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="É">E</normalizedToken>
|
||
. Hassler 7024
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
[G00390048, G00392288, G00392285, G00392290],
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">B. Balansa 2121</emphasis>
|
||
[G00390049], and
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="É">E</normalizedToken>
|
||
. Hassler 6728
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
[G00392289]. From these specimens we chose a duplicate of
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="É">E</normalizedToken>
|
||
. Hassler 7024
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
[G00390048] as the lectotype.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||
In his protologue for
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Chodat" authorityYear="1916" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Solanaceae" genus="Solanum" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Solanum urbanum subsp. var. var. typicum" order="Solanales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="variety" species="urbanum" subSpecies="var." variety="typicum">Solanum urbanum Morong var. typicum</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<bibRefCitation author="Chodat, R" journalOrPublisher="Bulletin de la Societe Botanique de Geneve" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="83 - 160" refId="B18" refString="Chodat, R, Vischer, W, 1916. La vegetation du Paraguay, resultats scientifiques d'une mission botanique suisse au Paraguay. Bulletin de la Societe Botanique de Geneve 8: 83 - 160" title="La vegetation du Paraguay, resultats scientifiques d'une mission botanique suisse au Paraguay." volume="8" year="1916">Chodat and Vischer (1916)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
cite one collection from Paraguay at G:
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">B. Balansa 2104</emphasis>
|
||
. We located two duplicate syntypes of the collection at G [G00392296, G00392297]. From these we chose G00392296 as the lectotype.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |