392 lines
53 KiB
XML
392 lines
53 KiB
XML
<document id="E6DD9667196F9F194A0205F2DEDF8867" ID-CLB-Dataset="25521" ID-DOI="10.11646/zootaxa.4671.2.1" ID-GBIF-Dataset="e3eb548e-fa57-4a0e-8d2d-5e299b5b136e" ID-ISSN="1175-5326" ID-Zenodo-Dep="3442218" ID-ZooBank="FB9526DD-4A01-422A-ACC3-A50AB0A6AF40" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.tables_requiresApprovalFor="existingObjects,plazi" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1568800323436" checkinUser="plazi" docAuthor="Hemp, Claudia & Heller, Klaus-Gerhard" docDate="2019" docId="03F74008FFCFFFA2FF4C83796A1B9B47" docLanguage="en" docName="zootaxa.4671.2.1.pdf" docOrigin="Zootaxa 4671 (2)" docStyle="DocumentStyle:647186512141C8FC8976D5BCC54AEB7D.9:Zootaxa.2013-.journal_article" docStyleId="647186512141C8FC8976D5BCC54AEB7D" docStyleName="Zootaxa.2013-.journal_article" docStyleVersion="9" docTitle="Eulioptera excavata Hemp & Heller 2019, n. sp." docType="treatment" docVersion="11" lastPageNumber="172" masterDocId="FFCE3870FFDCFFB7FFDB860C6B209924" masterDocTitle="Orthoptera (Tettigoniidae and Acridoidea) from Miombo woodlands of Central Tanzania with the description of new taxa" masterLastPageNumber="194" masterPageNumber="151" pageNumber="170" updateTime="1698755090897" updateUser="ExternalLinkService">
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<mods:titleInfo id="4804E823718A8C61ABF0C118E8824625">
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<mods:title id="DF79CB17B4913D9742ED97200AE8CFD2">Orthoptera (Tettigoniidae and Acridoidea) from Miombo woodlands of Central Tanzania with the description of new taxa</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="B7DD7DD6BFE33ED84F2F05090FDC15E6">Hemp, Claudia</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="AC61A0F19D666690836B4D0606BFC46F">Heller, Klaus-Gerhard</mods:namePart>
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<mods:title id="7FDE43843488B514DF3C0965AE1B8BBE">Zootaxa</mods:title>
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<mods:part id="E08C7EAC976547D4F02DE66FF602D238">
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<mods:date id="C664EB8E763CE5BB14697B7AB09417C0">2019</mods:date>
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<mods:number id="8AF713321CEFE171755767C6312B3520">2019-09-17</mods:number>
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<mods:number id="E2B9246E5B949E54D638A3FA304DB861">4671</mods:number>
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<treatment id="03F74008FFCFFFA2FF4C83796A1B9B47" ID-GBIF-Taxon="159608247" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03F74008FFCFFFA2FF4C83796A1B9B47" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/03F74008FFCFFFA2FF4C83796A1B9B47" lastPageId="21" lastPageNumber="172" pageId="19" pageNumber="170">
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<subSubSection id="C344A295FFCFFFA4FF4C8379696A9CB4" box="[151,586,1397,1424]" pageId="19" pageNumber="170" type="nomenclature">
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<heading id="D0A94672FFCFFFA4FF4C8379696A9CB4" bold="true" box="[151,586,1397,1424]" fontSize="11" level="1" pageId="19" pageNumber="170" reason="1">
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<emphasis id="B92A2D0CFFCFFFA4FF4C8379696A9CB4" bold="true" box="[151,586,1397,1424]" pageId="19" pageNumber="170">
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<taxonomicName id="4C5E8A9DFFCFFFA4FF4C83796AA99CB4" authority="Hemp & Heller, 2019" authorityName="Hemp & Heller" authorityYear="2019" box="[151,393,1397,1424]" class="Insecta" family="Phaneropteridae" genus="Eulioptera" kingdom="Animalia" order="Orthoptera" pageId="19" pageNumber="170" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="excavata" status="sp. nov.">
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<emphasis id="B92A2D0CFFCFFFA4FF4C83796AA99CB4" bold="true" box="[151,393,1397,1424]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="170">Eulioptera excavata</emphasis>
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<taxonomicNameLabel id="A2199077FFCFFFA4FE4B837A6AF39CB4" box="[400,467,1398,1424]" pageId="19" pageNumber="170" rank="species">n. sp.</taxonomicNameLabel>
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Hemp C.
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</emphasis>
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</paragraph>
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<subSubSection id="C344A295FFCFFFA4FF4C839669209C90" box="[151,512,1434,1460]" pageId="19" pageNumber="170" type="description">
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<paragraph id="8BE1F11EFFCFFFA4FF4C839669209C90" blockId="19.[151,586,1397,1460]" box="[151,512,1434,1460]" pageId="19" pageNumber="170">
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(
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<figureCitation id="1365ED9BFFCFFFA4FF4483966BDD9C90" box="[159,253,1434,1460]" captionStart="FIGURE 21" captionStartId="20.[151,250,1098,1123]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,229,1079]" captionTargetId="figure@20.[151,1436,229,1079]" captionTargetPageId="20" captionText="FIGURE 21. Eulioptera excavata n. sp. A–C. Male D. Female." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3442265" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3442265/files/figure.png" pageId="19" pageNumber="170">Figs. 21</figureCitation>
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,
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<figureCitation id="1365ED9BFFCFFFA4FED283966A089C90" box="[265,296,1434,1460]" captionStart="FIGURE 22" captionStartId="21.[151,250,1712,1737]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,625,1692]" captionTargetId="figure@21.[151,1436,625,1692]" captionTargetPageId="21" captionText="FIGURE 22. Morphological details of male Eulioptera excavata n. sp. A. Semilateral view on apex B. Rear view on apex C. Subgenital plate D. Stridulatory file." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3442267" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3442267/files/figure.png" pageId="19" pageNumber="170">22</figureCitation>
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,
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<figureCitation id="1365ED9BFFCFFFA4FEE883966A719C90" box="[307,337,1434,1460]" captionStart="FIGURE 23" captionStartId="22.[151,250,1667,1692]" captionTargetBox="[151,1410,1021,1648]" captionTargetId="figure@22.[151,1436,1021,1648]" captionTargetPageId="22" captionText="FIGURE 23. Morphological details of female Eulioptera excavata n. sp. A. Ovipositor B. Subgenital plate." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3442269" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3442269/files/figure.png" pageId="19" pageNumber="170">23</figureCitation>
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,
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<figureCitation id="1365ED9BFFCFFFA4FE8683966A5B9C90" box="[349,379,1434,1460]" captionStart="FIGURE 31" captionStartId="29.[151,250,1108,1133]" captionTargetBox="[182,1407,251,1079]" captionTargetId="figure@29.[169,1417,265,1088]" captionTargetPageId="29" captionText="FIGURE 31. Oscillograms of calling songs of Eulioptera and Kefalia species, overview. 40-s-sections." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3442291" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3442291/files/figure.png" pageId="19" pageNumber="170">31</figureCitation>
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,
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<figureCitation id="1365ED9BFFCFFFA4FE5C83966A859C90" box="[391,421,1434,1460]" captionStart="FIGURE 32" captionStartId="29.[151,250,1945,1970]" captionTargetBox="[159,1425,1133,1911]" captionTargetId="figure@29.[151,1436,1147,1926]" captionTargetPageId="29" captionText="FIGURE 32. Oscillograms of calling songs of Eulioptera and Kefalia species, overview. Details of pronounced song ending, 1-s-sections." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3442293" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3442293/files/figure.png" pageId="19" pageNumber="170">32</figureCitation>
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,
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<figureCitation id="1365ED9BFFCFFFA4FE6A83966AEF9C90" box="[433,463,1434,1460]" captionStart="FIGURE 33" captionStartId="30.[151,250,1040,1065]" captionTargetBox="[174,1419,186,1008]" captionTargetId="figure@30.[157,1429,174,1020]" captionTargetPageId="30" captionText="FIGURE 33. Sonograms of calling songs of Eulioptera excavata n. sp. and Kefalia grafika n. sp. In E. excavata n. sp., about 70 ms after the second syllable of the syllable pair often an single impulse could be observed (arrow), which was lower in fre- quency than the syllables and may represent a female response. In K. grafika n. sp., the long group of impulses did not show the high frequency components of the main part of the song, whereas in the final isolated impulses the low components were much weaker (see also Fig. 34)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3442295" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3442295/files/figure.png" pageId="19" pageNumber="170">33</figureCitation>
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,
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<figureCitation id="1365ED9BFFCFFFA4FE0083966AD89C90" box="[475,504,1434,1460]" captionStart="FIGURE 34" captionStartId="30.[151,250,1937,1962]" captionTargetBox="[161,1427,1223,1918]" captionTargetId="figure@30.[161,1427,1223,1918]" captionTargetPageId="30" captionText="FIGURE 34. Power spectra of the calling song of Eulioptera and Kefalia species. In species with restricted frequency range black lines mark its end. In K. grafika n. sp., the spectrum of the long group of impulses is indicated in blue and that of the final isolated impulses in green." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3442297" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3442297/files/figure.png" pageId="19" pageNumber="170">34</figureCitation>
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)
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.
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Male.
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<collectingRegion id="499A3FFCFFCFFFA4FDA683EE681D9CD8" box="[637,829,1506,1532]" country="Tanzania" name="Dodoma" pageId="19" pageNumber="170">Dodoma Region</collectingRegion>
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,
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<collectingMunicipality id="6B856B64FFCFFFA4FC9083EE6F819CD8" box="[843,1185,1506,1532]" pageId="19" pageNumber="170">East Chenene Forest Reserve</collectingMunicipality>
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,
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<location id="8E81A7C5FFCFFFA4FB6B83EE6E309CD8" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03F74008FFCFFFA2FF4C83796A1B9B47:8E81A7C5FFCFFFA4FB6B83EE6E309CD8" box="[1200,1296,1506,1532]" country="Tanzania" county="Bahi District" municipality="East Chenene Forest Reserve" name="Miombo" pageId="19" pageNumber="170" stateProvince="Dodoma">Miombo</location>
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woodlands, on bushes and trees in forest,
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, same data as holotype and
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,
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<collectingMunicipality id="6B856B64FFCFFFA4FDED8026682B9F60" box="[566,779,1578,1604]" pageId="19" pageNumber="170">Mpwapwa District</collectingMunicipality>
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,
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<collectingRegion id="499A3FFCFFCFFFA4FCCC802668F49F60" box="[791,980,1578,1604]" country="Tanzania" name="Dodoma" pageId="19" pageNumber="170">Dodoma Region</collectingRegion>
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, near
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<location id="8E81A7C5FFCFFFA4FBC280266F469F60" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03F74008FFCFFFA2FF4C83796A1B9B47:8E81A7C5FFCFFFA4FBC280266F469F60" box="[1049,1126,1578,1604]" country="Tanzania" municipality="Mpwapwa District" name="Gulwe" pageId="19" pageNumber="170" stateProvince="Dodoma">Gulwe</location>
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,
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<collectorName id="26AB94C8FFCFFFA4FBA880266FF39F60" box="[1139,1235,1578,1604]" pageId="19" pageNumber="170">Miombo</collectorName>
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woodlands,
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<quantity id="4CA65CFBFFCFFFA4FABF80266B8F9F4C" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.0" pageId="19" pageNumber="170" unit="m" value="1000.0">
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<elevation id="0073162DFFCFFFA4FABF80266B8F9F4C" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.0" pageId="19" pageNumber="170" unit="m" value="1000.0">1000 m</elevation>
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</quantity>
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,
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<date id="FFE0D7DEFFCFFFA4FF6180426A659F4C" box="[186,325,1614,1640]" pageId="19" pageNumber="170" value="2017-03">
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<collectingDate id="EFA42E36FFCFFFA4FF6180426A659F4C" box="[186,325,1614,1640]" pageId="19" pageNumber="170" value="2017-03">March 2017</collectingDate>
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</materialsCitation>
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.
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<materialsCitation id="3B36FB43FFCFFFA4FE9480426E2F9F4C" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="2413161149" box="[335,1295,1613,1640]" collectingDate="2015-03" collectorName="Changalawe Hill" country="Tanzania" location="Mpwapwa District" pageId="19" pageNumber="170" specimenCount="1" specimenCount-male="1" stateProvince="Dodoma" typeStatus="paratype">
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<specimenCount id="9D583A97FFCFFFA4FE9480426ABC9F4C" box="[335,412,1614,1640]" pageId="19" pageNumber="170" type="male">1 male</specimenCount>
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,
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<collectingCountry id="F349B18EFFCFFFA4FE7D8042692E9F4C" box="[422,526,1614,1640]" name="Tanzania" pageId="19" pageNumber="170">Tanzania</collectingCountry>
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,
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<location id="8E81A7C5FFCFFFA4FDC3804269CB9F4C" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03F74008FFCFFFA2FF4C83796A1B9B47:8E81A7C5FFCFFFA4FDC3804269CB9F4C" box="[536,747,1614,1640]" country="Tanzania" name="Mpwapwa District" pageId="19" pageNumber="170" stateProvince="Dodoma">Mpwapwa District</location>
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,
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<collectingRegion id="499A3FFCFFCFFFA4FD2E804268909F4C" box="[757,944,1614,1640]" country="Tanzania" name="Dodoma" pageId="19" pageNumber="170">Dodoma Region</collectingRegion>
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,
|
||
<collectorName id="26AB94C8FFCFFFA4FC6180426F599F4C" box="[954,1145,1614,1640]" pageId="19" pageNumber="170">Changalawe Hill</collectorName>
|
||
,
|
||
<date id="FFE0D7DEFFCFFFA4FB5F80426E2F9F4C" box="[1156,1295,1613,1640]" pageId="19" pageNumber="170" value="2015-03">
|
||
<collectingDate id="EFA42E36FFCFFFA4FB5F80426E2F9F4C" box="[1156,1295,1613,1640]" pageId="19" pageNumber="170" value="2015-03">March 2015</collectingDate>
|
||
</date>
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
.
|
||
<materialsCitation id="3B36FB43FFCFFFA4FAC380426A5C9FA8" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="2413161134" collectorName="Collection C. Hemp" country="Tanzania" location="Depository" pageId="19" pageNumber="170" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Dodoma" typeStatus="paratype">
|
||
<location id="8E81A7C5FFCFFFA4FAC380426EB99F4C" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03F74008FFCFFFA2FF4C83796A1B9B47:8E81A7C5FFCFFFA4FAC380426EB99F4C" box="[1304,1433,1614,1640]" country="Tanzania" name="Depository" pageId="19" pageNumber="170" stateProvince="Dodoma">Depository</location>
|
||
:
|
||
<collectorName id="26AB94C8FFCFFFA4FF4C807E6A5C9FA8" box="[151,380,1650,1676]" pageId="19" pageNumber="170">Collection C. Hemp</collectorName>
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C344A295FFCFFFA3FF1C809968579DD0" lastPageId="20" lastPageNumber="171" pageId="19" pageNumber="170" type="description">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BE1F11EFFCFFFA3FF1C80996EB699F3" blockId="19.[151,1437,1506,2036]" lastBlockId="20.[151,1437,152,215]" lastPageId="20" lastPageNumber="171" pageId="19" pageNumber="170">
|
||
<emphasis id="B92A2D0CFFCFFFA4FF1C80996A799F94" bold="true" box="[199,345,1685,1712]" pageId="19" pageNumber="170">Description.</emphasis>
|
||
Male.
|
||
<emphasis id="B92A2D0CFFCFFFA4FE7C809A681B9F94" box="[423,827,1686,1712]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="170">General habitus and colour pattern.</emphasis>
|
||
Predominantly green with numerous brown to reddish dots scattered over legs, pronotum and body as typical for most
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C5E8A9DFFCFFFA4FC8780B668F49FF0" authorityName="Ragge" authorityYear="1956" box="[860,980,1722,1748]" class="Insecta" family="Phaneropteridae" genus="Eulioptera" kingdom="Animalia" order="Orthoptera" pageId="19" pageNumber="170" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B92A2D0CFFCFFFA4FC8780B668F49FF0" box="[860,980,1722,1748]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="170">Eulioptera</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
species. Stridulatory area reddish-brown marked (
|
||
<figureCitation id="1365ED9BFFCFFFA4FF2280D26A699FDC" box="[249,329,1758,1784]" captionStart="FIGURE 21" captionStartId="20.[151,250,1098,1123]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,229,1079]" captionTargetId="figure@20.[151,1436,229,1079]" captionTargetPageId="20" captionText="FIGURE 21. Eulioptera excavata n. sp. A–C. Male D. Female." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3442265" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3442265/files/figure.png" pageId="19" pageNumber="170">Fig. 21</figureCitation>
|
||
A–C).
|
||
<emphasis id="B92A2D0CFFCFFFA4FE4380D269529FDC" box="[408,626,1758,1784]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="170">Head and antennae</emphasis>
|
||
. Antennae thin, greenish to dark, longer than body length. Fastigium verticis sulcate ridge, pointed at apex.
|
||
<emphasis id="B92A2D0CFFCFFFA4FDFF810E695D9E38" box="[548,637,1794,1820]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="170">Thorax.</emphasis>
|
||
Surface of pronotum smooth. Stridulatory file on underside of left tegmen continuous, curved, with median wide and densely set teeth; teeth getting more widely spaced at both ends of the stridulatory file and stouter in shape; with about 170 teeth (
|
||
<figureCitation id="1365ED9BFFCFFFA4FC8E814668E49E40" box="[853,964,1866,1892]" captionStart="FIGURE 22" captionStartId="21.[151,250,1712,1737]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,625,1692]" captionTargetId="figure@21.[151,1436,625,1692]" captionTargetPageId="21" captionText="FIGURE 22. Morphological details of male Eulioptera excavata n. sp. A. Semilateral view on apex B. Rear view on apex C. Subgenital plate D. Stridulatory file." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3442267" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3442267/files/figure.png" pageId="19" pageNumber="170">Fig. 22 D</figureCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
<emphasis id="B92A2D0CFFCFFFA4FC0381476F349E40" box="[984,1044,1867,1892]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="170">Legs.</emphasis>
|
||
Fore femora unarmed, mid femora with few (up to 5) very tiny and tightly to the ventral femora attached spinules; hind femora with ventral double row of few spinules, some individuals unarmed or with only 1–2 apically spinules ventrally. Hind tibiae with 4 rows of spines along length, at apex with three spurs at each side.
|
||
<emphasis id="B92A2D0CFFCFFFA4FC9181BA689B9EF4" box="[842,955,1974,2000]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="170">Abdomen.</emphasis>
|
||
Posterior margin of 10
|
||
<superScript id="7C2B5C56FFCFFFA4FB1981B96FEF9EE7" attach="left" box="[1218,1231,1973,1987]" fontSize="6" pageId="19" pageNumber="170">th</superScript>
|
||
abdominal tergite median up-lifted, lateral with two lobes surrounding deep groove formed by tongue-like supra-anal plate (
|
||
<figureCitation id="1365ED9BFFCFFFA3FA9081D66BEE9997" captionStart="FIGURE 22" captionStartId="21.[151,250,1712,1737]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,625,1692]" captionTargetId="figure@21.[151,1436,625,1692]" captionTargetPageId="21" captionText="FIGURE 22. Morphological details of male Eulioptera excavata n. sp. A. Semilateral view on apex B. Rear view on apex C. Subgenital plate D. Stridulatory file." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3442267" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3442267/files/figure.png" lastPageId="20" lastPageNumber="171" pageId="19" pageNumber="170">Fig. 22 A, B</figureCitation>
|
||
); surface of 10
|
||
<superScript id="7C2B5C56FFC8FFA3FEAF86946AA19982" attach="left" box="[372,385,152,166]" fontSize="6" pageId="20" pageNumber="171">th</superScript>
|
||
abdominal tergite and supra-anal plate densely hairy (
|
||
<figureCitation id="1365ED9BFFC8FFA3FC0786956F679997" box="[988,1095,153,179]" captionStart="FIGURE 22" captionStartId="21.[151,250,1712,1737]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,625,1692]" captionTargetId="figure@21.[151,1436,625,1692]" captionTargetPageId="21" captionText="FIGURE 22. Morphological details of male Eulioptera excavata n. sp. A. Semilateral view on apex B. Rear view on apex C. Subgenital plate D. Stridulatory file." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3442267" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3442267/files/figure.png" pageId="20" pageNumber="171">Fig. 22 B</figureCitation>
|
||
). Cerci getting gradually more slender to apex, hairy; apices of cerci abruptly in-curved (
|
||
<figureCitation id="1365ED9BFFC8FFA3FCC486B1688D99F3" box="[799,941,189,215]" captionStart="FIGURE 22" captionStartId="21.[151,250,1712,1737]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,625,1692]" captionTargetId="figure@21.[151,1436,625,1692]" captionTargetPageId="21" captionText="FIGURE 22. Morphological details of male Eulioptera excavata n. sp. A. Semilateral view on apex B. Rear view on apex C. Subgenital plate D. Stridulatory file." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3442267" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3442267/files/figure.png" pageId="20" pageNumber="171">Fig. 22 A, C</figureCitation>
|
||
). Subgenital plate deeply lobed (
|
||
<figureCitation id="1365ED9BFFC8FFA3FAC786B16EA999F3" box="[1308,1417,189,215]" captionStart="FIGURE 22" captionStartId="21.[151,250,1712,1737]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,625,1692]" captionTargetId="figure@21.[151,1436,625,1692]" captionTargetPageId="21" captionText="FIGURE 22. Morphological details of male Eulioptera excavata n. sp. A. Semilateral view on apex B. Rear view on apex C. Subgenital plate D. Stridulatory file." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3442267" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3442267/files/figure.png" pageId="20" pageNumber="171">Fig. 22 C</figureCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<caption id="DF21A196FFC8FFA3FF4C824668029D47" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3442265" ID-Zenodo-Dep="3442265" box="[151,802,1098,1123]" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3442265/files/figure.png" pageId="20" pageNumber="171" startId="20.[151,250,1098,1123]" targetBox="[151,1436,229,1079]" targetPageId="20">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BE1F11EFFC8FFA3FF4C824668029D47" blockId="20.[151,802,1098,1123]" box="[151,802,1098,1123]" pageId="20" pageNumber="171">
|
||
<emphasis id="B92A2D0CFFC8FFA3FF4C82466A009D47" bold="true" box="[151,288,1098,1123]" pageId="20" pageNumber="171">FIGURE 21.</emphasis>
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C5E8A9DFFC8FFA3FEFD82476AD39D47" authority="Hemp & Heller, 2019" authorityName="Hemp & Heller" authorityYear="2019" box="[294,499,1099,1123]" class="Insecta" family="Phaneropteridae" genus="Eulioptera" kingdom="Animalia" order="Orthoptera" pageId="20" pageNumber="171" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="excavata" status="sp. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="B92A2D0CFFC8FFA3FEFD82476AD39D47" box="[294,499,1099,1123]" italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="171">Eulioptera excavata</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<emphasis id="B92A2D0CFFC8FFA3FE22824769509D47" bold="true" box="[505,624,1098,1123]" pageId="20" pageNumber="171">
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A2199077FFC8FFA3FE22824769129D47" box="[505,562,1099,1123]" pageId="20" pageNumber="171" rank="species">n. sp.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
A–C.
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
Male
|
||
<emphasis id="B92A2D0CFFC8FFA3FD6A824769E99D47" bold="true" box="[689,713,1099,1123]" pageId="20" pageNumber="171">D.</emphasis>
|
||
Female.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BE1F11EFFC8FFA3FF1C829D68579DD0" blockId="20.[151,1437,1169,2024]" pageId="20" pageNumber="171">
|
||
Female. In size and habitus similar to male, also with faint reddish-brown marking at base of tegmina (
|
||
<figureCitation id="1365ED9BFFC8FFA3FA97829D6B8F9DF4" captionStart="FIGURE 21" captionStartId="20.[151,250,1098,1123]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,229,1079]" captionTargetId="figure@20.[151,1436,229,1079]" captionTargetPageId="20" captionText="FIGURE 21. Eulioptera excavata n. sp. A–C. Male D. Female." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3442265" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3442265/files/figure.png" pageId="20" pageNumber="171">Fig. 21 D</figureCitation>
|
||
). Ovipositor typical for genus, comparatively small and strongly up-curved (
|
||
<figureCitation id="1365ED9BFFC8FFA3FBD282B96F579DEB" box="[1033,1143,1205,1231]" captionStart="FIGURE 23" captionStartId="22.[151,250,1667,1692]" captionTargetBox="[151,1410,1021,1648]" captionTargetId="figure@22.[151,1436,1021,1648]" captionTargetPageId="22" captionText="FIGURE 23. Morphological details of female Eulioptera excavata n. sp. A. Ovipositor B. Subgenital plate." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3442269" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3442269/files/figure.png" pageId="20" pageNumber="171">Fig. 23 A</figureCitation>
|
||
). Subgenital plate tonguelike broad with two shallow lobes at posterior margin (
|
||
<figureCitation id="1365ED9BFFC8FFA3FD2682D568499DD0" box="[765,873,1241,1268]" captionStart="FIGURE 23" captionStartId="22.[151,250,1667,1692]" captionTargetBox="[151,1410,1021,1648]" captionTargetId="figure@22.[151,1436,1021,1648]" captionTargetPageId="22" captionText="FIGURE 23. Morphological details of female Eulioptera excavata n. sp. A. Ovipositor B. Subgenital plate." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3442269" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3442269/files/figure.png" pageId="20" pageNumber="171">Fig. 23 B</figureCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C344A295FFC8FFA2FF1C82F0683E98F7" lastPageId="21" lastPageNumber="172" pageId="20" pageNumber="171" type="diagnosis">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BE1F11EFFC8FFA3FF1C82F06BC09E73" blockId="20.[151,1437,1169,2024]" pageId="20" pageNumber="171">
|
||
<emphasis id="B92A2D0CFFC8FFA3FF1C82F06A629C33" bold="true" box="[199,322,1276,1303]" pageId="20" pageNumber="171">Diagnosis.</emphasis>
|
||
From its habitus and outer genitalic morphology of the male very similar to
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C5E8A9DFFC8FFA3FB4E82F26EBC9C33" authority="(Ragge, 1980)" authorityName="Ragge" authorityYear="1980" baseAuthorityName="Ragge" baseAuthorityYear="1980" box="[1173,1436,1277,1303]" class="Insecta" family="Phaneropteridae" genus="Eulioptera" kingdom="Animalia" order="Orthoptera" pageId="20" pageNumber="171" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="incisa">
|
||
<emphasis id="B92A2D0CFFC8FFA3FB4E82F26FD69C33" box="[1173,1270,1278,1303]" italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="171">E. incisa</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFCF8CEFFFC8FFA3FADF82F16EB49C33" author="Ragge, D. R." box="[1284,1428,1277,1303]" pageId="20" pageNumber="171" pagination="67 - 192" refId="ref20287" refString="Ragge, D. R. (1980) A review of the African Phaneropterinae with open tympana (Orthoptera: Tettigoniidae). Bulletin of the British Museum (Natural History), Entomology Series, 40, 67 - 192." type="journal article" year="1980">Ragge, 1980</bibRefCitation>
|
||
)
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
from
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F349B18EFFC8FFA3FF0F832E6A309C18" box="[212,272,1314,1340]" name="Togo" pageId="20" pageNumber="171">Togo</collectingCountry>
|
||
, West Africa.
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C5E8A9DFFC8FFA3FE70832E692D9C1F" baseAuthorityName="Ragge" baseAuthorityYear="1980" box="[427,525,1314,1339]" class="Insecta" family="Phaneropteridae" genus="Eulioptera" kingdom="Animalia" order="Orthoptera" pageId="20" pageNumber="171" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="incisa">
|
||
<emphasis id="B92A2D0CFFC8FFA3FE70832E692D9C1F" box="[427,525,1314,1339]" italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="171">E. incisa</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
has a similar grove or excavation on the 10
|
||
<superScript id="7C2B5C56FFC8FFA3FC29832C68DF9C0A" attach="left" box="[1010,1023,1312,1326]" fontSize="6" pageId="20" pageNumber="171">th</superScript>
|
||
abdominal tergite, a similar subgenital plate divided into two lobes and similar male cerci that are slender and abruptly incurved at their tips. However, the ratio of the length of lobes to the basal part of the subgenital plate is different (
|
||
<quantity id="4CA65CFBFFC8FFA3FBE983656F539CA7" box="[1074,1139,1385,1411]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.302" pageId="20" pageNumber="171" unit="in" value="1.3">1.3 in</quantity>
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C5E8A9DFFC8FFA3FBA183666FDD9CA7" authority="Hemp & Heller, 2019" authorityName="Hemp & Heller" authorityYear="2019" box="[1146,1277,1386,1411]" class="Insecta" family="Phaneropteridae" genus="Eulioptera" kingdom="Animalia" order="Orthoptera" pageId="20" pageNumber="171" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="excavata" status="sp. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="B92A2D0CFFC8FFA3FBA183666FDD9CA7" box="[1146,1277,1386,1411]" italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="171">E. excavata</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<emphasis id="B92A2D0CFFC8FFA3FADF83656E629CA7" bold="true" box="[1284,1346,1385,1411]" pageId="20" pageNumber="171">
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A2199077FFC8FFA3FADF83656E629CA7" box="[1284,1346,1385,1411]" pageId="20" pageNumber="171" rank="species">n. sp.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
and
|
||
<quantity id="4CA65CFBFFC8FFA3FAA283656B8D9C83" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.064" pageId="20" pageNumber="171" unit="in" value="1.6">1.6 in</quantity>
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C5E8A9DFFC8FFA3FF6F83826A369C83" baseAuthorityName="Ragge" baseAuthorityYear="1980" box="[180,278,1422,1447]" class="Insecta" family="Phaneropteridae" genus="Eulioptera" kingdom="Animalia" order="Orthoptera" pageId="20" pageNumber="171" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="incisa">
|
||
<emphasis id="B92A2D0CFFC8FFA3FF6F83826A369C83" box="[180,278,1422,1447]" italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="171">E. incisa</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
) and the stridulatory file is different between the two species as well. In
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C5E8A9DFFC8FFA3FB9883826F859C83" baseAuthorityName="Ragge" baseAuthorityYear="1980" box="[1091,1189,1422,1447]" class="Insecta" family="Phaneropteridae" genus="Eulioptera" kingdom="Animalia" order="Orthoptera" pageId="20" pageNumber="171" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="incisa">
|
||
<emphasis id="B92A2D0CFFC8FFA3FB9883826F859C83" box="[1091,1189,1422,1447]" italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="171">E. incisa</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
the stridulatory file is only slighly curved with 143 densely set broad teeth over almost the whole length (figures in
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFCF8CEFFFC8FFA3FB6983BE6E189CE8" author="Ragge, D. R." box="[1202,1336,1457,1484]" pageId="20" pageNumber="171" pagination="67 - 192" refId="ref20287" refString="Ragge, D. R. (1980) A review of the African Phaneropterinae with open tympana (Orthoptera: Tettigoniidae). Bulletin of the British Museum (Natural History), Entomology Series, 40, 67 - 192." type="journal article" year="1980">Ragge 1980</bibRefCitation>
|
||
)—while in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C5E8A9DFFC8FFA3FF6D83DA6A1C9CCB" authority="Hemp & Heller, 2019" authorityName="Hemp & Heller" authorityYear="2019" box="[182,316,1494,1519]" class="Insecta" family="Phaneropteridae" genus="Eulioptera" kingdom="Animalia" order="Orthoptera" pageId="20" pageNumber="171" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="excavata" status="sp. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="B92A2D0CFFC8FFA3FF6D83DA6A1C9CCB" box="[182,316,1494,1519]" italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="171">E. excavata</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<emphasis id="B92A2D0CFFC8FFA3FE9F83D96AA59CCB" bold="true" box="[324,389,1493,1519]" pageId="20" pageNumber="171">
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A2199077FFC8FFA3FE9F83D96AA59CCB" box="[324,389,1493,1519]" pageId="20" pageNumber="171" rank="species">n. sp.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
the stridulatory file is more strongly curved at its ends with broad and densely set teeth in the middle part and more widely spaced thicker and shorter teeth at the ends of the file. Further the file consists of more than 170 teeth. Very likely these two species are closely related and in current speciation due to geographical separation. Unfortunately only the male
|
||
<typeStatus id="54E54FBCFFC8FFA3FDBB804D69E29F7F" box="[608,706,1601,1627]" pageId="20" pageNumber="171" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
|
||
is known for
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C5E8A9DFFC8FFA3FCBB804E68E39F7F" baseAuthorityName="Ragge" baseAuthorityYear="1980" box="[864,963,1602,1627]" class="Insecta" family="Phaneropteridae" genus="Eulioptera" kingdom="Animalia" order="Orthoptera" pageId="20" pageNumber="171" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="incisa">
|
||
<emphasis id="B92A2D0CFFC8FFA3FCBB804E68E39F7F" box="[864,963,1602,1627]" italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="171">E. incisa</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and thus the females of both species cannot be compared.
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C5E8A9DFFC8FFA3FEBB806A69569F5B" authority="Ragge, 1980" authorityName="Ragge" authorityYear="1980" box="[352,630,1637,1664]" class="Insecta" family="Phaneropteridae" genus="Eulioptera" kingdom="Animalia" order="Orthoptera" pageId="20" pageNumber="171" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="montana">
|
||
<emphasis id="B92A2D0CFFC8FFA3FEBB806A6AC19F5B" box="[352,481,1638,1663]" italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="171">E. montana</emphasis>
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFCF8CEFFFC8FFA3FE33806A69569F5B" author="Ragge, D. R." box="[488,630,1637,1664]" pageId="20" pageNumber="171" pagination="67 - 192" refId="ref20287" refString="Ragge, D. R. (1980) A review of the African Phaneropterinae with open tympana (Orthoptera: Tettigoniidae). Bulletin of the British Museum (Natural History), Entomology Series, 40, 67 - 192." type="journal article" year="1980">Ragge, 1980</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
known only from the Chyulu Hills of southern
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F349B18EFFC8FFA3FB56806A6FF69FA4" box="[1165,1238,1638,1664]" name="Kenya" pageId="20" pageNumber="171">Kenya</collectingCountry>
|
||
also has a deeply lobed subgenital plate. However, the ends of the lobes are leaf-like expanded and thus
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C5E8A9DFFC8FFA3FBA780866FDF9F87" authorityName="Ragge" authorityYear="1980" box="[1148,1279,1674,1699]" class="Insecta" family="Phaneropteridae" genus="Eulioptera" kingdom="Animalia" order="Orthoptera" pageId="20" pageNumber="171" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="montana">
|
||
<emphasis id="B92A2D0CFFC8FFA3FBA780866FDF9F87" box="[1148,1279,1674,1699]" italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="171">E. montana</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
can be easily distinguished from
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C5E8A9DFFC8FFA3FEA980A26AD69FE3" authority="Hemp & Heller, 2019" authorityName="Hemp & Heller" authorityYear="2019" box="[370,502,1710,1735]" class="Insecta" family="Phaneropteridae" genus="Eulioptera" kingdom="Animalia" order="Orthoptera" pageId="20" pageNumber="171" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="excavata" status="sp. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="B92A2D0CFFC8FFA3FEA980A26AD69FE3" box="[370,502,1710,1735]" italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="171">E. excavata</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<emphasis id="B92A2D0CFFC8FFA3FE2680A1691D9FE3" bold="true" box="[509,573,1709,1735]" pageId="20" pageNumber="171">
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A2199077FFC8FFA3FE2680A1691D9FE3" box="[509,573,1709,1735]" pageId="20" pageNumber="171" rank="species">n. sp.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C5E8A9DFFC8FFA3FD9E80A2684B9FE3" authority="Ragge, 1980" authorityName="Ragge" authorityYear="1980" box="[581,875,1709,1736]" class="Insecta" family="Phaneropteridae" genus="Eulioptera" kingdom="Animalia" order="Orthoptera" pageId="20" pageNumber="171" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="monticola">
|
||
<emphasis id="B92A2D0CFFC8FFA3FD9E80A269F59FE3" box="[581,725,1709,1735]" italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="171">E. monticola</emphasis>
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFCF8CEFFFC8FFA3FD0780A2684B9FE3" author="Ragge, D. R." box="[732,875,1709,1736]" pageId="20" pageNumber="171" pagination="67 - 192" refId="ref20287" refString="Ragge, D. R. (1980) A review of the African Phaneropterinae with open tympana (Orthoptera: Tettigoniidae). Bulletin of the British Museum (Natural History), Entomology Series, 40, 67 - 192." type="journal article" year="1980">Ragge, 1980</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
has a lobed subgenital plate as well, however not as broadly lobed and much shorter than in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C5E8A9DFFC8FFA3FDA180DE69DE9FCF" authority="Hemp & Heller, 2019" authorityName="Hemp & Heller" authorityYear="2019" box="[634,766,1746,1771]" class="Insecta" family="Phaneropteridae" genus="Eulioptera" kingdom="Animalia" order="Orthoptera" pageId="20" pageNumber="171" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="excavata" status="sp. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="B92A2D0CFFC8FFA3FDA180DE69DE9FCF" box="[634,766,1746,1771]" italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="171">E. excavata</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<emphasis id="B92A2D0CFFC8FFA3FCDE80DD68649FCF" bold="true" box="[773,836,1745,1771]" pageId="20" pageNumber="171">
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A2199077FFC8FFA3FCDE80DD68649FCF" box="[773,836,1745,1771]" pageId="20" pageNumber="171" rank="species">n. sp.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C5E8A9DFFC8FFA3FC9780DE68FC9FCF" authorityName="Ragge" authorityYear="1980" box="[844,988,1745,1771]" class="Insecta" family="Phaneropteridae" genus="Eulioptera" kingdom="Animalia" order="Orthoptera" pageId="20" pageNumber="171" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="monticola">
|
||
<emphasis id="B92A2D0CFFC8FFA3FC9780DE68FC9FCF" box="[844,988,1745,1771]" italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="171">E. monticola</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
is widely distributed in the Eastern Arc Mountains and along the coast thus occupying a different habitat than
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C5E8A9DFFC8FFA3FC7E80FA6F079E2B" authority="Hemp & Heller, 2019" authorityName="Hemp & Heller" authorityYear="2019" box="[933,1063,1782,1807]" class="Insecta" family="Phaneropteridae" genus="Eulioptera" kingdom="Animalia" order="Orthoptera" pageId="20" pageNumber="171" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="excavata" status="sp. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="B92A2D0CFFC8FFA3FC7E80FA6F079E2B" box="[933,1063,1782,1807]" italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="171">E. excavata</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<emphasis id="B92A2D0CFFC8FFA3FBF680F96F4B9E2B" bold="true" box="[1069,1131,1781,1807]" pageId="20" pageNumber="171">
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A2199077FFC8FFA3FBF680F96F4B9E2B" box="[1069,1131,1781,1807]" pageId="20" pageNumber="171" rank="species">n. sp.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
Females are not known for four
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C5E8A9DFFC8FFA3FF1581156A669E17" authorityName="Ragge" authorityYear="1956" box="[206,326,1817,1843]" class="Insecta" family="Phaneropteridae" genus="Eulioptera" kingdom="Animalia" order="Orthoptera" pageId="20" pageNumber="171" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B92A2D0CFFC8FFA3FF1581156A669E17" box="[206,326,1817,1843]" italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="171">Eulioptera</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
species including the morphologically very similar
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C5E8A9DFFC8FFA3FC4A811668D49E17" baseAuthorityName="Ragge" baseAuthorityYear="1980" box="[913,1012,1818,1843]" class="Insecta" family="Phaneropteridae" genus="Eulioptera" kingdom="Animalia" order="Orthoptera" pageId="20" pageNumber="171" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="incisa">
|
||
<emphasis id="B92A2D0CFFC8FFA3FC4A811668D49E17" box="[913,1012,1818,1843]" italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="171">E. incisa</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and are best identified with associate males.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BE1F11EFFC8FFA2FF1C816C694D988B" blockId="20.[151,1437,1169,2024]" lastBlockId="21.[151,1437,153,611]" lastPageId="21" lastPageNumber="172" pageId="20" pageNumber="171">
|
||
<emphasis id="B92A2D0CFFC8FFA3FF1C816C6A299E5F" bold="true" box="[199,265,1888,1915]" pageId="20" pageNumber="171">Song.</emphasis>
|
||
The male calling song consisted of long sequences (50±20 s; n=10) of short (ca. 16.2±2.3 ms) isolated syllables. Pairs of syllables (intra-pair interval 259±9 ms) alternated with singe syllables (interval before pair 1269±48 ms, interval after pair 3365±686 ms; T=21ºC;
|
||
<figureCitation id="1365ED9BFFC8FFA3FCC381A5684C9EE7" box="[792,876,1961,1987]" captionStart="FIGURE 31" captionStartId="29.[151,250,1108,1133]" captionTargetBox="[182,1407,251,1079]" captionTargetId="figure@29.[169,1417,265,1088]" captionTargetPageId="29" captionText="FIGURE 31. Oscillograms of calling songs of Eulioptera and Kefalia species, overview. 40-s-sections." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3442291" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3442291/files/figure.png" pageId="20" pageNumber="171">Fig. 31</figureCitation>
|
||
). In structure, the song is similar to that of other
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C5E8A9DFFC8FFA3FF4C81C16A2F9EC3" authorityName="Ragge" authorityYear="1956" box="[151,271,1997,2023]" class="Insecta" family="Phaneropteridae" genus="Eulioptera" kingdom="Animalia" order="Orthoptera" pageId="20" pageNumber="171" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B92A2D0CFFC8FFA3FF4C81C16A2F9EC3" box="[151,271,1997,2023]" italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="171">Eulioptera</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
species (Hemp, in prep.), which also consist of sequences of short, isolated syllables. In this aspect the song resembles also that of species of the genus
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C5E8A9DFFC9FFA2FD13869568039997" authorityName="Fieber" authorityYear="1853" box="[712,803,153,179]" class="Insecta" family="Phaneropteridae" genus="Tylopsis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Orthoptera" pageId="21" pageNumber="172" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B92A2D0CFFC9FFA2FD13869568039997" box="[712,803,153,179]" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="172">Tylopsis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(Hemp, in prep). In one cage recording from the field, immediately after the second syllable of the male syllable pair an isolated impulse can be recognized which may be the response of a (captivated) female. It differs in spectral composition from the male song (
|
||
<figureCitation id="1365ED9BFFC9FFA2FB0C86ED6E0C99DF" box="[1239,1324,225,251]" captionStart="FIGURE 33" captionStartId="30.[151,250,1040,1065]" captionTargetBox="[174,1419,186,1008]" captionTargetId="figure@30.[157,1429,174,1020]" captionTargetPageId="30" captionText="FIGURE 33. Sonograms of calling songs of Eulioptera excavata n. sp. and Kefalia grafika n. sp. In E. excavata n. sp., about 70 ms after the second syllable of the syllable pair often an single impulse could be observed (arrow), which was lower in fre- quency than the syllables and may represent a female response. In K. grafika n. sp., the long group of impulses did not show the high frequency components of the main part of the song, whereas in the final isolated impulses the low components were much weaker (see also Fig. 34)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3442295" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3442295/files/figure.png" pageId="21" pageNumber="172">Fig. 33</figureCitation>
|
||
). In some species males are able to mimic the frequency of the female (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFCF8CEFFFC9FFA2FCE587096F10983B" author="Heller, K. - G. & Hemp, C." box="[830,1072,261,287]" pageId="21" pageNumber="172" pagination="420 - 431" refId="ref19853" refString="Heller, K. - G. & Hemp, C. (2017) Context specific signaling with different frequencies-directed to different receivers? A case study in Gonatoxia katydids (Orthoptera, Phaneropteridae). Journal of Insect Behavior, 30, 420 - 431. https: // doi. org / 10.1007 / s 10905 - 017 - 9628 - y" type="journal article" year="2017">Heller & Hemp 2017</bibRefCitation>
|
||
), but this seems to be an unusual case. The response delay of 56.9±0.8 ms (n=8; measured from beginning of male syllable) is quite similar to that of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C5E8A9DFFC9FFA2FF4C87416BD29843" authorityName="Fieber" authorityYear="1853" box="[151,242,333,359]" class="Insecta" family="Phaneropteridae" genus="Tylopsis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Orthoptera" pageId="21" pageNumber="172" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B92A2D0CFFC9FFA2FF4C87416BD29843" box="[151,242,333,359]" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="172">Tylopsis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
species, e.g.
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C5E8A9DFFC9FFA2FE5287426AD79843" baseAuthorityName="Fabricius" baseAuthorityYear="1793" box="[393,503,333,359]" class="Insecta" family="Phaneropteridae" genus="Tylopsis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Orthoptera" pageId="21" pageNumber="172" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="lilifolia">
|
||
<emphasis id="B92A2D0CFFC9FFA2FE5287426AD79843" box="[393,503,333,359]" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="172">T. lilifolia</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
with a latency of 70 ms for the female response (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFCF8CEFFFC9FFA2FBFF87416FD09843" author="Heller, K. - G. & Hemp, C. & Ingrisch, S. & Liu, C. X." box="[1060,1264,332,359]" pageId="21" pageNumber="172" pagination="7 - 18" refId="ref19789" refString="Heller, K. - G., Hemp, C., Ingrisch, S. & Liu, C. X. (2015) Acoustic communication in Phaneropterinae (Tettigonioidea) - a global review with some new data. Journal of Orthoptera Research, 24, 7 - 18. https: // doi. org / 10.1665 / 034.024.0103" type="journal article" year="2015">
|
||
Heller
|
||
<emphasis id="B92A2D0CFFC9FFA2FBAF87426F859843" box="[1140,1189,333,359]" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="172">et al</emphasis>
|
||
. 2015
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
). The spectrum of the male song showed a relatively narrow peak at about 25 kHz (
|
||
<figureCitation id="1365ED9BFFC9FFA2FC5F877D68F698AF" box="[900,982,369,395]" captionStart="FIGURE 33" captionStartId="30.[151,250,1040,1065]" captionTargetBox="[174,1419,186,1008]" captionTargetId="figure@30.[157,1429,174,1020]" captionTargetPageId="30" captionText="FIGURE 33. Sonograms of calling songs of Eulioptera excavata n. sp. and Kefalia grafika n. sp. In E. excavata n. sp., about 70 ms after the second syllable of the syllable pair often an single impulse could be observed (arrow), which was lower in fre- quency than the syllables and may represent a female response. In K. grafika n. sp., the long group of impulses did not show the high frequency components of the main part of the song, whereas in the final isolated impulses the low components were much weaker (see also Fig. 34)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3442295" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3442295/files/figure.png" pageId="21" pageNumber="172">Fig. 33</figureCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<figureCitation id="1365ED9BFFC9FFA2FC3A877D6F2098AF" box="[993,1024,369,395]" captionStart="FIGURE 34" captionStartId="30.[151,250,1937,1962]" captionTargetBox="[161,1427,1223,1918]" captionTargetId="figure@30.[161,1427,1223,1918]" captionTargetPageId="30" captionText="FIGURE 34. Power spectra of the calling song of Eulioptera and Kefalia species. In species with restricted frequency range black lines mark its end. In K. grafika n. sp., the spectrum of the long group of impulses is indicated in blue and that of the final isolated impulses in green." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3442297" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3442297/files/figure.png" pageId="21" pageNumber="172">34</figureCitation>
|
||
), while the assumed female response had most energy around 15 kHz (
|
||
<figureCitation id="1365ED9BFFC9FFA2FDD787996940988B" box="[524,608,405,431]" captionStart="FIGURE 33" captionStartId="30.[151,250,1040,1065]" captionTargetBox="[174,1419,186,1008]" captionTargetId="figure@30.[157,1429,174,1020]" captionTargetPageId="30" captionText="FIGURE 33. Sonograms of calling songs of Eulioptera excavata n. sp. and Kefalia grafika n. sp. In E. excavata n. sp., about 70 ms after the second syllable of the syllable pair often an single impulse could be observed (arrow), which was lower in fre- quency than the syllables and may represent a female response. In K. grafika n. sp., the long group of impulses did not show the high frequency components of the main part of the song, whereas in the final isolated impulses the low components were much weaker (see also Fig. 34)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3442295" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3442295/files/figure.png" pageId="21" pageNumber="172">Fig. 33</figureCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BE1F11EFFC9FFA2FF1C87B4683E98F7" blockId="21.[151,1437,153,611]" box="[199,798,440,467]" pageId="21" pageNumber="172">
|
||
<emphasis id="B92A2D0CFFC9FFA2FF1C87B46A0A98F7" bold="true" box="[199,298,440,467]" pageId="21" pageNumber="172">Habitat.</emphasis>
|
||
On bushes and trees in Miombo woodlands.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C344A295FFC9FFA2FF1C87D06BF79B3F" pageId="21" pageNumber="172" type="distribution">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BE1F11EFFC9FFA2FF1C87D06BF79B3F" blockId="21.[151,1437,153,611]" pageId="21" pageNumber="172">
|
||
<emphasis id="B92A2D0CFFC9FFA2FF1C87D06A4198D3" bold="true" box="[199,353,476,503]" pageId="21" pageNumber="172">Distribution.</emphasis>
|
||
Central
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F349B18EFFC9FFA2FE1E87D1690D98D3" box="[453,557,477,503]" name="Tanzania" pageId="21" pageNumber="172">Tanzania</collectingCountry>
|
||
. At present only known from the
|
||
<collectingRegion id="499A3FFCFFC9FFA2FC6987D16F5098D3" box="[946,1136,477,503]" country="Tanzania" name="Dodoma" pageId="21" pageNumber="172">Dodoma Region</collectingRegion>
|
||
, Bahi and Mpwapwa Dis- tricts.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C344A295FFC9FFA2FF1C84296A1B9B47" pageId="21" pageNumber="172" type="etymology">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BE1F11EFFC9FFA2FF1C84296A1B9B47" blockId="21.[151,1437,153,611]" pageId="21" pageNumber="172">
|
||
<emphasis id="B92A2D0CFFC9FFA2FF1C84296A6E9B1B" bold="true" box="[199,334,549,575]" pageId="21" pageNumber="172">Etymology.</emphasis>
|
||
Named after the strongly hollowed out posterior margin of the 10
|
||
<superScript id="7C2B5C56FFC9FFA2FB9884286F709B16" attach="left" box="[1091,1104,548,562]" fontSize="6" pageId="21" pageNumber="172">th</superScript>
|
||
abdominal tergite, from Lat- in:—
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C5E8A9DFFC9FFA2FF0A84466A149B47" authorityName="Hemp & Heller" authorityYear="2019" box="[209,308,586,611]" class="Insecta" family="Phaneropteridae" genus="Eulioptera" kingdom="Animalia" order="Orthoptera" pageId="21" pageNumber="172" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="excavata">
|
||
<emphasis id="B92A2D0CFFC9FFA2FF0A84466A149B47" box="[209,308,586,611]" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="172">excavata</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |