treatments-xml/data/03/DC/94/03DC9465E236FFCFAFF1FCA91BF21296.xml
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<mods:title id="81B75D4AFB926F31C1FFBF350C14DE76">Type specimens and type localities of birds (Aves) collected by Gustav Adolf Fischer (1848 - 1886) in East Africa</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="99E99928DFF9C79D495D3D13A6B76948">Frahnert, Sylke</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="0D67D0A135F14D489D855402B7E45CBB">Turner, Donald A.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="F727F6298B9378F3B5E9D43465C3DD9E">Bracker, Cordula</mods:namePart>
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<treatment id="03DC9465E236FFCFAFF1FCA91BF21296" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.8269941" ID-GBIF-Taxon="212447822" ID-Zenodo-Dep="8269941" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03DC9465E236FFCFAFF1FCA91BF21296" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/03DC9465E236FFCFAFF1FCA91BF21296" lastPageNumber="21" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">
<subSubSection id="C36F76F8E236FFCFAFF1FCA9183F1449" box="[151,802,863,890]" pageId="20" pageNumber="21" type="nomenclature">
<paragraph id="8BCA2573E236FFCFAFF1FCA9183F1449" blockId="20.[151,802,863,890]" box="[151,802,863,890]" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">
<heading id="D082921FE236FFCFAFF1FCA9183F1449" bold="true" box="[151,802,863,890]" fontSize="11" level="2" pageId="20" pageNumber="21" reason="4">
<treatmentCitationGroup id="AB65025DE236FFCFAFF1FCA9183F1449" box="[151,802,863,890]" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">
<emphasis id="B901F961E236FFCFAFF1FCA9183F1449" bold="true" box="[151,802,863,890]" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">
<treatmentCitation id="0AD40362E236FFCFAFF1FCA918011449" author="Neumann, O." box="[151,796,863,890]" page="46" pageId="20" pageNumber="21" year="1908">
<taxonomicName id="4C755EF0E236FFCFAFF1FCA918011449" authority="Neumann, 1908: 46" authorityName="Neumann" authorityPageNumber="46" authorityYear="1908" box="[151,796,863,890]" class="Aves" family="Lybiidae" genus="Lybius" kingdom="Animalia" order="Piciformes" pageId="20" pageNumber="21" phylum="Chordata" rank="subSpecies" species="leucocephalus" subSpecies="usukumae">
<emphasis id="B901F961E236FFCFAFF1FCA9193C1449" bold="true" box="[151,545,863,890]" italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">Lybius leucocephalus usukumae</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="EFE45882E236FFCFAD4EFC9618011449" author="Neumann, O." box="[552,796,864,890]" pageId="20" pageNumber="21" pagination="44 - 48" refId="ref73331" refString="Neumann, O. (1908) Exhibition and description of new subspecies of African birds from the Berlin and Tring Museums. Bulletin of the British Ornithologists Club, 21, 44 - 48. [https: // www. biodiversitylibrary. org / item / 100926 # page / 69 / mode / 1 up]" type="journal article" year="1908">Neumann, 1908: 46</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
</treatmentCitation>
.
</emphasis>
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</heading>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C36F76F8E236FFCFAFF1FC53193B14E8" pageId="20" pageNumber="21" type="synonymic_list">
<paragraph id="8BCA2573E236FFCFAFF1FC53193B14E8" blockId="20.[151,1436,932,1049]" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">
<emphasis id="B901F961E236FFCFAFF1FC531BD5148E" bold="true" box="[151,200,933,957]" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">Now</emphasis>
:
<taxonomicName id="4C755EF0E236FFCFAFB0FC521884148E" authority="C. H. B. Grant &amp; Mackworth-Praed, 1938" authorityName="C. H. B. Grant &amp; Mackworth-Praed" authorityYear="1938" box="[214,921,932,957]" class="Aves" family="Lybiidae" genus="Lybius" kingdom="Animalia" order="Piciformes" pageId="20" pageNumber="21" phylum="Chordata" rank="subSpecies" species="leucocephalus" subSpecies="lynesi">
<emphasis id="B901F961E236FFCFAFB0FC521AEC148F" box="[214,497,932,956]" italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">Lybius leucocephalus lynesi</emphasis>
C.H.B.
<bibRefCitation id="EFE45882E236FFCFAD23FC531884148E" author="Grant, C. H. B. &amp; Mackworth-Praed, C. W." box="[581,921,932,957]" pageId="20" pageNumber="21" pagination="146 - 147" refId="ref71555" refString="Grant, C. H. B. &amp; Mackworth-Praed, C. W. (1938) On the type locality and type of Dendromus scriptoricauda Reichenow, Orn. Monatsb. 1896, p. 131. Bulletin of the British Ornithologists' Club, 58, 146 - 147. [https: // www. biodiversitylibrary. org / item / 125354 # page / 184 / mode / 1 up]" type="journal article" year="1938">Grant &amp; Mackworth-Praed, 1938</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
.
<collectingRegion id="49B1EB91E236FFCFACC4FC5318DA148E" box="[930,967,933,957]" country="South Sudan" name="Lakes" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">See</collectingRegion>
del
<bibRefCitation id="EFE45882E236FFCFAC94FC531FCA148E" author="Hoyo, J. &amp; Collar, N. J." box="[1010,1239,932,957]" pageId="20" pageNumber="21" refId="ref69043" refString="del Hoyo, J. &amp; Collar, N. J. (Eds.) (2014) HBW &amp; BirdLife International Illustrated Checklist of the Birds of the World. Vol. 1. Non-Passerines. Lynx Edicions, Barcelona, 904 pp." type="book" year="2014">Hoyo &amp; Collar (2014)</bibRefCitation>
; but see also
<bibRefCitation id="EFE45882E236FFCFAA38FC531A2914E8" author="Peters, J. L." pageId="20" pageNumber="21" refId="ref74175" refString="Peters, J. L. (1948) Check-List of the Birds of the World. Vol. 6. Harvard University Press, Cambridge, vii + 259 pp. https: // doi. org / 10.5962 / bhl. title. 14581" type="book" year="1948">Peters (1948: 58)</bibRefCitation>
;
<bibRefCitation id="EFE45882E236FFCFAE59FC35193F14E8" author="Short, L. L. &amp; Horne, J. F. M." box="[319,546,963,987]" pageId="20" pageNumber="21" refId="ref76613" refString="Short, L. L. &amp; Horne, J. F. M. (2002) Family Indicatoridae (Honeyguides). In: del Hoyo, J., Elliott, A. &amp; Christie, D. A. (Eds.), Handbook of the Birds of the World. Vol. 7. Lynx Edicions, Barcelona, pp. 274 - 295" type="book" year="2002">Short &amp; Horne (2002)</bibRefCitation>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C36F76F8E236FFCFAFF1FC1418E913B6" pageId="20" pageNumber="21" type="materials_examined">
<paragraph id="8BCA2573E236FFCFAFF1FC141F3914C9" blockId="20.[151,1436,932,1049]" box="[151,1060,994,1018]" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">
<materialsCitation id="3B1D2F2EE236FFCFAFF1FC141F3914C9" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="4398931593" box="[151,1060,994,1018]" collectingDate="1885-06-12" collectionCode="ZMB" pageId="20" pageNumber="21" specimenCode="ZMB 50.29" specimenCount="1" typeStatus="holotype">
<emphasis id="B901F961E236FFCFAFF1FC141BE714C9" bold="true" box="[151,250,994,1018]" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">
<typeStatus id="54CE9BD1E236FFCFAFF1FC141BE714C9" box="[151,250,994,1018]" pageId="20" pageNumber="21" type="holotype">Holotype</typeStatus>
</emphasis>
:
<specimenCode id="DBD38D08E236FFCFAE61FC141A6014C9" box="[263,381,994,1018]" collectionCode="ZMB" country="Germany" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/8syf-d21i" name="Museum für Naturkunde Berlin (Zoological Collections)" pageId="20" pageNumber="21" type="Museum">ZMB 50.29</specimenCode>
(Fischer no. 189), skin, male, collected at “Kagehi”, [
<date id="FFCB03B3E236FFCFACF9FC141F0414C9" box="[927,1049,994,1018]" pageId="20" pageNumber="21" value="1885-06-12">
<collectingDate id="EF8FFA5BE236FFCFACF9FC141F0414C9" box="[927,1049,994,1018]" pageId="20" pageNumber="21" value="1885-06-12">06.12.1885</collectingDate>
</date>
].
</materialsCitation>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BCA2573E236FFCFAFF1FBF71E1D132B" blockId="20.[151,1436,932,1049]" box="[151,1280,1024,1049]" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">
<materialsCitation id="3B1D2F2EE236FFCFAFF1FBF71FE1132B" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="4398931618" box="[151,1276,1024,1049]" collectingDate="1890-10-16" collectionCode="ZMB" collectorName="Emin Pasha" pageId="20" pageNumber="21" specimenCode="ZMB 29077" specimenCount="1" typeStatus="paratype">
<emphasis id="B901F961E236FFCFAFF1FBF71BE4132A" bold="true" box="[151,249,1025,1049]" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">
<typeStatus id="54CE9BD1E236FFCFAFF1FBF71BE4132A" box="[151,249,1025,1049]" pageId="20" pageNumber="21" type="paratype">Paratype</typeStatus>
</emphasis>
:
<specimenCode id="DBD38D08E236FFCFAE61FBF71A9E132A" box="[263,387,1025,1049]" collectionCode="ZMB" country="Germany" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/8syf-d21i" name="Museum für Naturkunde Berlin (Zoological Collections)" pageId="20" pageNumber="21" type="Museum">ZMB 29077</specimenCode>
(Emin Pasha no. 687), skin, male, collected by
<collectorName id="268040A5E236FFCFAC0EFBF618FC132B" box="[872,993,1024,1048]" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">Emin Pasha</collectorName>
at “Bussissi”, [
<date id="FFCB03B3E236FFCFAB1AFBF61FEB132B" box="[1148,1270,1024,1048]" pageId="20" pageNumber="21" value="1890-10-16">
<collectingDate id="EF8FFA5BE236FFCFAB1AFBF61FEB132B" box="[1148,1270,1024,1048]" pageId="20" pageNumber="21" value="1890-10-16">16.10.1890</collectingDate>
</date>
]
</materialsCitation>
.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BCA2573E236FFCFAFF1FBB118E913B6" blockId="20.[151,1437,1094,1445]" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">
<emphasis id="B901F961E236FFCFAFF1FBB11A2F1353" bold="true" box="[151,306,1094,1121]" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">Type locality</emphasis>
: “
<materialsCitation id="3B1D2F2EE236FFCFAE2BFBB118ED13B6" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="4398931709" country="Tanzania" location="Kayenzi" pageId="20" pageNumber="21" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Mwanza" typeStatus="holotype">
countries on the south and south-east shore of Lake Victoria”, from the original description and “Kagehi” [
<location id="8EAA73A8E236FFCFAE68FB9D1A6C13B6" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03DC9465E236FFCFAFF1FCA91BF21296:8EAA73A8E236FFCFAE68FB9D1A6C13B6" box="[270,369,1131,1157]" country="Tanzania" name="Kayenzi" pageId="20" pageNumber="21" stateProvince="Mwanza">Kayenzi</location>
,
<collectingRegion id="49B1EB91E236FFCFAE1BFB9D192513B6" box="[381,568,1131,1157]" country="Tanzania" name="Mwanza" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">Mwanza Region</collectingRegion>
,
<collectingCountry id="F36265E3E236FFCFAD24FB9D19B013B6" box="[578,685,1131,1157]" name="Tanzania" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">Tanzania</collectingCountry>
], the locality of the
<typeStatus id="54CE9BD1E236FFCFACECFB9D18ED13B6" box="[906,1008,1131,1157]" pageId="20" pageNumber="21" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
</materialsCitation>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C36F76F8E236FFCFAFA1FB791BF21296" pageId="20" pageNumber="21" type="discussion">
<paragraph id="8BCA2573E236FFCFAFA1FB791BF21296" blockId="20.[151,1437,1094,1445]" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">
<emphasis id="B901F961E236FFCFAFA1FB791A28139A" bold="true" box="[199,309,1167,1193]" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">Remarks</emphasis>
: In the original description the
<typeStatus id="54CE9BD1E236FFCFADCBFB79180D139A" box="[685,784,1167,1193]" pageId="20" pageNumber="21" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
was mentioned as the “type” and the collecting date is provided. ZMB 29077 collected by Emin Pasha was designated as a
<typeStatus id="54CE9BD1E236FFCFACF8FB4518E213FE" box="[926,1023,1203,1229]" pageId="20" pageNumber="21" type="paratype">paratype</typeStatus>
by Neumann, who compared it with all specimens available at the ZMB, and its locality is included in the type locality.
<bibRefCitation id="EFE45882E236FFCFAB3EFB211E0413C2" author="Neumann, O." box="[1112,1305,1239,1265]" pageId="20" pageNumber="21" pagination="44 - 48" refId="ref73331" refString="Neumann, O. (1908) Exhibition and description of new subspecies of African birds from the Berlin and Tring Museums. Bulletin of the British Ornithologists Club, 21, 44 - 48. [https: // www. biodiversitylibrary. org / item / 100926 # page / 69 / mode / 1 up]" type="journal article" year="1908">Neumann (1908)</bibRefCitation>
considered the type locality as “countries on the south and south-east shore of Lake Victoria”. Simultaneously, he defined “Kagehi” [Kayenzi,
<collectingRegion id="49B1EB91E236FFCFAEE0FAE9195A120A" box="[390,583,1311,1337]" country="Tanzania" name="Mwanza" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">Mwanza Region</collectingRegion>
,
<collectingCountry id="F36265E3E236FFCFAD32FAE919A0120A" box="[596,701,1311,1337]" name="Tanzania" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">Tanzania</collectingCountry>
] as type locality with the designation of a
<typeStatus id="54CE9BD1E236FFCFABDDFAE91E3F120A" box="[1211,1314,1311,1337]" pageId="20" pageNumber="21" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
. The form
<emphasis id="B901F961E236FFCFAFF1FAB51A15126E" box="[151,264,1347,1373]" italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">usukumae</emphasis>
was regarded as a synonym of
<taxonomicName id="4C755EF0E236FFCFAD04FAB51E12126E" authority="(Shelley) (White 1965: 254)" baseAuthorityName="Shelley" baseAuthorityYear="1881" box="[610,1295,1346,1373]" class="Aves" family="Lybiidae" genus="Lybius" kingdom="Animalia" order="Piciformes" pageId="20" pageNumber="21" phylum="Chordata" rank="subSpecies" species="leucocephalus" subSpecies="albicauda">
<emphasis id="B901F961E236FFCFAD04FAB518D6126E" box="[610,971,1347,1373]" italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">Lybius leucocephalus albicauda</emphasis>
(Shelley) (
<bibRefCitation id="EFE45882E236FFCFAB20FAB51E1A126E" author="White, C. M. N." box="[1094,1287,1346,1373]" pageId="20" pageNumber="21" refId="ref77790" refString="White, C. M. N. (1965) A Revised Check List of African Non-Passerine Birds. Government Printer, Lusaka, 299 pp." type="book" year="1965">White 1965: 254</bibRefCitation>
)
</taxonomicName>
, but
<bibRefCitation id="EFE45882E236FFCFAA25FAB51A2C12B2" author="Short, L. L. &amp; Horne, J. F. M." pageId="20" pageNumber="21" refId="ref76613" refString="Short, L. L. &amp; Horne, J. F. M. (2002) Family Indicatoridae (Honeyguides). In: del Hoyo, J., Elliott, A. &amp; Christie, D. A. (Eds.), Handbook of the Birds of the World. Vol. 7. Lynx Edicions, Barcelona, pp. 274 - 295" type="book" year="2002">Short &amp; Horne (2002)</bibRefCitation>
considered it an intergrade between
<emphasis id="B901F961E236FFCFADB5FA91185912B2" box="[723,836,1383,1409]" italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">albicauda</emphasis>
and
<emphasis id="B901F961E236FFCFAC1AFA9118A312B2" box="[892,958,1383,1409]" italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">lynesi</emphasis>
(see
<bibRefCitation id="EFE45882E236FFCFAC9CFA911E2E12B2" author="Dickinson, E. C. &amp; Remsen, J. V. Jr." box="[1018,1331,1383,1409]" pageId="20" pageNumber="21" refId="ref69234" refString="Dickinson, E. C. &amp; Remsen, J. V. Jr. (Eds.) (2013) The Howard &amp; Moore Complete Checklist of the Birds of the World. 4 th Edition. Vol. 1. Non-Passerines. Aves Press, Eastbourne, xlix + 461 pp." type="book" year="2013">Dickinson &amp; Remsen 2013</bibRefCitation>
: footnote p. 330).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
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