355 lines
57 KiB
XML
355 lines
57 KiB
XML
<document ID-DOI="10.1093/zoolinnean/zlac072" ID-GBIF-Dataset="c606f4ca-fdd4-4179-ab62-881c546b6e35" ID-ISSN="0024-4082" ID-Zenodo-Dep="7813977" ID-ZooBank="010109AB-79F5-4E6D-909B-08BB1803E589" IM.bibliography_approvedBy="diego" IM.illustrations_approvedBy="diego" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="diego" IM.metadata_approvedBy="diego" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="diego" IM.treatments_approvedBy="diego" approvalRequired="7" approvalRequired_for_originalDoi="1" approvalRequired_for_taxonomicNames="6" checkinTime="1680597801025" checkinUser="plazi" docAuthor="Almeida, Ana Laura, Álvarez-Presas, Marta & Carbayo, Fernando" docDate="2023" docId="03C49B736966FFABFEA6712EB5A37044" docLanguage="en" docName="zlac072.pdf" docOrigin="Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society 197 (4)" docSource="http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/zoolinnean/zlac072" docStyle="DocumentStyle:36B3BD6A90C22AB4F7F465C853188CC8.7:ZoolJLinnSoc.2017-.journal_article" docStyleId="36B3BD6A90C22AB4F7F465C853188CC8" docStyleName="ZoolJLinnSoc.2017-.journal_article" docStyleVersion="7" docTitle="Animalia Almeida & Álvarez-Presas & Carbayo 2023, SP. NOV." docType="treatment" docVersion="2" lastPageNumber="848" masterDocId="FFFDE30B6960FFA0FFA67018B47C7735" masterDocTitle="The discovery of new Chilean taxa revolutionizes the systematics of Geoplaninae Neotropical land planarians (Platyhelminthes: Tricladida)" masterLastPageNumber="898" masterPageNumber="837" pageNumber="843" updateTime="1681146492474" updateUser="ExternalLinkService">
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<mods:mods xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
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<mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:title>The discovery of new Chilean taxa revolutionizes the systematics of Geoplaninae Neotropical land planarians (Platyhelminthes: Tricladida)</mods:title>
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</mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart>Almeida, Ana Laura</mods:namePart>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart>Álvarez-Presas, Marta</mods:namePart>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart>Carbayo, Fernando</mods:namePart>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:typeOfResource>text</mods:typeOfResource>
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<mods:relatedItem type="host">
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<mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:title>Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society</mods:title>
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</mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:part>
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<mods:date>2023</mods:date>
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<mods:detail type="pubDate">
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<mods:number>2022-11-07</mods:number>
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</mods:detail>
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<mods:detail type="volume">
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<mods:number>197</mods:number>
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</mods:detail>
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<mods:detail type="issue">
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<mods:number>4</mods:number>
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</mods:detail>
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<mods:extent unit="page">
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<mods:start>837</mods:start>
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<mods:end>898</mods:end>
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</mods:extent>
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</mods:part>
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</mods:relatedItem>
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<mods:location>
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<mods:url>http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/zoolinnean/zlac072</mods:url>
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</mods:location>
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<mods:classification>journal article</mods:classification>
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<mods:identifier type="DOI">10.1093/zoolinnean/zlac072</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier type="GBIF-Dataset">c606f4ca-fdd4-4179-ab62-881c546b6e35</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier type="ISSN">0024-4082</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier type="Zenodo-Dep">7813977</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier type="ZooBank">010109AB-79F5-4E6D-909B-08BB1803E589</mods:identifier>
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</mods:mods>
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<treatment ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7797635" ID-Zenodo-Dep="7797635" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03C49B736966FFABFEA6712EB5A37044" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/03C49B736966FFABFEA6712EB5A37044" lastPageId="11" lastPageNumber="848" pageId="6" pageNumber="843">
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<subSubSection pageId="6" pageNumber="843" type="nomenclature">
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||
<paragraph blockId="6.[256,650,310,366]" pageId="6" pageNumber="843">
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<taxonomicName authority="Almeida & Álvarez-Presas & Carbayo, 2023" authorityName="Almeida & Álvarez-Presas & Carbayo" authorityYear="2023" kingdom="Animalia" pageId="6" pageNumber="843" rank="species" status="sp. nov.">
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<emphasis bold="true" box="[256,512,310,334]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="843">ADINOPLANA ALERNA</emphasis>
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ALMEIDA &
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<heading box="[347,558,341,366]" centered="true" fontSize="9" level="2" pageId="6" pageNumber="843" reason="3">
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CARBAYO
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<emphasis bold="true" box="[459,558,341,365]" pageId="6" pageNumber="843">
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<taxonomicNameLabel box="[459,558,341,365]" pageId="6" pageNumber="843" rank="species">SP. NOV.</taxonomicNameLabel>
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</emphasis>
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</heading>
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</taxonomicName>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="6" pageNumber="843" type="description">
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<paragraph blockId="6.[393,512,379,404]" box="[393,512,379,404]" pageId="6" pageNumber="843">
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(
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<figureCitation box="[401,504,379,404]" captionStart-0="Figure 3" captionStart-1="Figure 4" captionStart-2="Figure 5" captionStart-3="Figure 6" captionStart-4="Figure 7" captionStartId-0="6.[145,223,1846,1868]" captionStartId-1="7.[164,242,1456,1478]" captionStartId-2="8.[146,224,1027,1049]" captionStartId-3="9.[162,243,1267,1289]" captionStartId-4="10.[145,225,1209,1231]" captionTargetBox-0="[145,1425,939,1807]" captionTargetBox-1="[168,1443,195,1417]" captionTargetBox-2="[145,1425,195,988]" captionTargetBox-3="[163,1443,195,1227]" captionTargetBox-4="[145,1425,195,1170]" captionTargetId-0="figure-315@6.[145,1425,939,1807]" captionTargetId-1="graphics-229@7.[177,1314,768,1417]" captionTargetId-2="figure-468@8.[151,1008,218,635]" captionTargetId-4="figure-369@10.[145,861,662,1151]" captionTargetPageId-0="6" captionTargetPageId-1="7" captionTargetPageId-2="8" captionTargetPageId-3="9" captionTargetPageId-4="10" captionText-0="Figure 3. Adinoplana alerna sp. nov. Living holotype in dorsal (A–C) and ventral views (D). Scale not available. The body is approximately 50 mm long." captionText-1="Figure 4. Adinoplana alerna sp. nov. Photomicrographs of the holotype.A, transverse section of the pre-pharyngeal region. B, horizontal section through the dorsal epidermis. C, transverse section of the pre-pharyngeal, ventral region; the inset shows a detail of the hollow longitudinal muscle fibres. D, horizontal section of near ventral epidermis. E, sagittal section of a region close to the penis bulb." captionText-2="Figure 5. Adinoplana alerna sp. nov. Holotype.A, photomicrograph of a sagittal section of the pharynx. B, photomicrograph of a sagittal section of the ventral insertion of the pharynx. C, diagrammatic representation of the copulatory apparatus." captionText-3="Figure 6. Adinoplana alerna sp. nov. Holotype. Photomicrographs of sagittal sections of the male components of the copulatory apparatus showing musculoglandular organs.A, prostatic vesicle, penis papilla and male atrium. B, penis papilla. C, dorsal insertion of the penis papilla. D, musculoglandular organs embedded in the dorsoanterior wall of the male atrium." captionText-4="Figure 7. Adinoplana alerna sp. nov. Holotype. Photomicrographs of sagittal sections of the female components of the copulatory apparatus. A, general view of the female atrium. B, converging region of the female genital canal with the female atrium. C, anterior region of the female atrium converging with the male atrium. D, large musculoglandular organ." figureDoi-0="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7813983" figureDoi-1="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7813985" figureDoi-2="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7813987" figureDoi-3="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7813989" figureDoi-4="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7813991" httpUri-0="https://zenodo.org/record/7813983/files/figure.png" httpUri-1="https://zenodo.org/record/7813985/files/figure.png" httpUri-2="https://zenodo.org/record/7813987/files/figure.png" httpUri-3="https://zenodo.org/record/7813989/files/figure.png" httpUri-4="https://zenodo.org/record/7813991/files/figure.png" pageId="6" pageNumber="843">FIGS 3–7</figureCitation>
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)
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph blockId="6.[145,761,420,472]" pageId="6" pageNumber="843">
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<emphasis box="[145,478,420,442]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="843">Zoobank registration:</emphasis>
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urn: lsid: zoobank. org:act:
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<uuid box="[222,761,450,472]" pageId="6" pageNumber="843">EE822DBC-D6C1-426C-B11A-D36B474B347D</uuid>
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</paragraph>
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||
</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="6" pageNumber="843" type="materials_examined">
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<paragraph blockId="6.[145,761,520,848]" pageId="6" pageNumber="843">
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<materialsCitation collectingDate="2010-12-15" collectionCode="MNHNCL" collectorName="F. Carbayo" country="Chile" latitude="-41.579998" location="Parque Nacional Alerce Andino" longLatPrecision="1" longitude="-72.61" pageId="6" pageNumber="843" specimenCode="MNHNCL PLAT-15048" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Region de Los Lagos" typeStatus="holotype">
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<emphasis box="[145,531,520,541]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="843">
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<typeStatus box="[145,246,520,541]" pageId="6" pageNumber="843">Holotype</typeStatus>
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:
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<specimenCode box="[264,531,520,541]" pageId="6" pageNumber="843">MNHNCL PLAT-15048</specimenCode>
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</emphasis>
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(Field code, F4925).
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<location LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03C49B736966FFABFEA6712EB5A37044:8EB27CBE6966FFA6FF37723FB5807509" box="[145,508,550,572]" country="Chile" latitude="-41.579998" longLatPrecision="1" longitude="-72.61" name="Parque Nacional Alerce Andino" pageId="6" pageNumber="843" stateProvince="Region de Los Lagos">Parque Nacional Alerce Andino</location>
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,
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<collectingRegion box="[519,757,550,572]" country="Chile" name="Los Lagos" pageId="6" pageNumber="843">Región de Los Lagos</collectingRegion>
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,
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<collectingCountry box="[145,207,581,603]" name="Chile" pageId="6" pageNumber="843">Chile</collectingCountry>
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(
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<geoCoordinate box="[223,374,580,603]" degrees="41" direction="south" minutes="34" orientation="latitude" pageId="6" pageNumber="843" precision="1" seconds="48.0" value="-41.579998">41°34′48.0′′S</geoCoordinate>
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,
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<geoCoordinate box="[387,560,580,603]" degrees="072" direction="west" minutes="36" orientation="longitude" pageId="6" pageNumber="843" precision="1" seconds="36.0" value="-72.61">072°36′36.0′′W</geoCoordinate>
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), coll.
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<collectorName box="[636,761,581,603]" pageId="6" pageNumber="843">F. Carbayo</collectorName>
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<emphasis box="[145,195,612,633]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="843">et al</emphasis>
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.,
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<date box="[216,431,612,634]" pageId="6" pageNumber="843" value="2010-12-15">
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<collectingDate box="[216,431,612,634]" pageId="6" pageNumber="843" value="2010-12-15">15 December 2010</collectingDate>
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</date>
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</materialsCitation>
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. Cephalic region: transverse sections on 20 slides; body portion immediately behind the head: horizontal sections on 27 slides; pre-pharyngeal region: transverse sections on 28 slides; pharynx and male component of the copulatory apparatus: sagittal sections on 113 slides; female component of the copulatory apparatus: sagittal sections on 20 slides.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph blockId="6.[809,1426,197,342]" pageId="6" pageNumber="843">
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<emphasis box="[809,1154,197,219]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="843">
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<typeStatus box="[809,923,198,219]" pageId="6" pageNumber="843">Paratype</typeStatus>
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:
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<collectionCode box="[945,1044,197,218]" country="Brazil" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/6yx0-3nm7" name="Museu de Zoologia da Universidade de Sao Paulo" pageId="6" pageNumber="843">MZUSP</collectionCode>
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<collectionCode box="[1058,1093,197,218]" country="Czech Republic" name="Západoceské muzeum v Plzni" pageId="6" pageNumber="843" type="Museum">PL</collectionCode>
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2285
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</emphasis>
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(Field code, F4921): Monumento Nacional Nahuel Ñadi, Puerto Montt, Provincia Llanquihue,
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<collectingRegion box="[1088,1341,258,280]" country="Chile" name="Los Lagos" pageId="6" pageNumber="843">Región de Los Lagos</collectingRegion>
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,
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<collectingCountry box="[1355,1420,258,280]" name="Chile" pageId="6" pageNumber="843">Chile</collectingCountry>
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, Coord.
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<geoCoordinate box="[890,1024,289,311]" degrees="41.406251" direction="south" orientation="latitude" pageId="6" pageNumber="843" precision="1" value="-41.40625">–41.406251</geoCoordinate>
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,
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<geoCoordinate box="[1035,1168,289,310]" degrees="73.033312" direction="west" orientation="longitude" pageId="6" pageNumber="843" precision="1" value="-73.03331">–73.033312</geoCoordinate>
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, coll. F. Carbayo
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<emphasis box="[1362,1411,289,311]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="843">et al</emphasis>
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.,
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<date box="[809,1022,320,342]" pageId="6" pageNumber="843" value="2010-12-14">14 December 2010</date>
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. Preserved in 80% ethanol.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph blockId="6.[809,1425,388,440]" pageId="6" pageNumber="843">
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<emphasis box="[809,953,388,409]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="843">
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<typeStatus box="[809,861,388,409]" pageId="6" pageNumber="843">Type</typeStatus>
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locality:
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</emphasis>
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Parque Nacional Alerce Andino,
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<collectingRegion country="Chile" name="Los Lagos" pageId="6" pageNumber="843">Región de Los Lagos</collectingRegion>
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,
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<collectingCountry box="[931,992,418,440]" name="Chile" pageId="6" pageNumber="843">Chile</collectingCountry>
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. Species only known from this locality.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="6" pageNumber="843" type="diagnosis">
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<paragraph blockId="6.[809,1425,484,720]" pageId="6" pageNumber="843">
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<emphasis box="[809,937,484,505]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="843">Diagnosis:</emphasis>
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<taxonomicName box="[951,1190,484,506]" pageId="6" pageNumber="843">
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<emphasis box="[951,1093,484,505]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="843">Adinoplana</emphasis>
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species
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</taxonomicName>
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with dorsal colour black blue, with yellowish marks in the lateral region; anterior and posterior extremities of the ventral side covered with large black-grey spots; prostatic vesicle enters the anterior aspect of the penis bulb; copulatory apparatus with
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<specimenCount box="[989,1097,638,659]" pageId="6" pageNumber="843" type="generic" typeStatus="types">two types</specimenCount>
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of musculoglandular organs; proximal portion of the ejaculatory duct runs ventrally; ejaculatory duct widened distally.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="6" pageNumber="843" type="etymology">
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<paragraph blockId="6.[809,1424,766,850]" pageId="6" pageNumber="843">
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<emphasis box="[809,943,766,787]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="843">Etymology:</emphasis>
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The specific epithet is an abbreviated anagram composed of the first and last letters of Alerce Andino.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<caption ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7813983" ID-Zenodo-Dep="7813983" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7813983/files/figure.png" pageId="6" pageNumber="843" startId="6.[145,223,1846,1868]" targetBox="[145,1425,939,1807]" targetPageId="6">
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<paragraph blockId="6.[145,1425,1846,1898]" pageId="6" pageNumber="843">
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<emphasis bold="true" box="[145,249,1846,1868]" pageId="6" pageNumber="843">Figure 3.</emphasis>
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<taxonomicName authority="Almeida & Álvarez-Presas & Carbayo, 2023" authorityName="Almeida & Álvarez-Presas & Carbayo" authorityYear="2023" box="[260,458,1847,1869]" family="Geoplanidae" genus="Adinoplana" kingdom="Animalia" order="Tricladida" pageId="6" pageNumber="843" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="species" species="alerna" status="sp. nov.">
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<emphasis box="[260,458,1847,1869]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="843">Adinoplana alerna</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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<taxonomicNameLabel box="[464,540,1847,1869]" pageId="6" pageNumber="843" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
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Living holotype in dorsal (A–C) and ventral views (D). Scale not available. The body is approximately 50 mm long.
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</paragraph>
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</caption>
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<caption ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7813985" ID-Zenodo-Dep="7813985" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7813985/files/figure.png" pageId="7" pageNumber="844" startId="7.[164,242,1456,1478]" targetBox="[168,1443,195,1417]" targetPageId="7">
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<paragraph blockId="7.[163,1444,1456,1567]" pageId="7" pageNumber="844">
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<emphasis bold="true" box="[164,268,1456,1478]" pageId="7" pageNumber="844">Figure 4.</emphasis>
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<taxonomicName authority="Almeida & Álvarez-Presas & Carbayo, 2023" authorityName="Almeida & Álvarez-Presas & Carbayo" authorityYear="2023" box="[277,474,1457,1479]" family="Geoplanidae" genus="Adinoplana" kingdom="Animalia" order="Tricladida" pageId="7" pageNumber="844" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="species" species="alerna" status="sp. nov.">
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<emphasis box="[277,474,1457,1479]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="844">Adinoplana alerna</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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<taxonomicNameLabel box="[479,554,1457,1479]" pageId="7" pageNumber="844" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
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Photomicrographs of the holotype. A, transverse section of the pre-pharyngeal region. B, horizontal section through the dorsal epidermis. C, transverse section of the pre-pharyngeal, ventral region; the inset shows a detail of the hollow longitudinal muscle fibres. D, horizontal section of near ventral epidermis. E, sagittal section of a region close to the penis bulb.
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</paragraph>
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</caption>
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||
<subSubSection lastPageId="11" lastPageNumber="848" pageId="7" pageNumber="844" type="description">
|
||
<paragraph blockId="7.[163,303,1605,1628]" box="[163,303,1605,1628]" pageId="7" pageNumber="844">
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||
<emphasis box="[163,303,1605,1628]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="844">Description</emphasis>
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph blockId="7.[163,779,1645,1881]" lastBlockId="8.[145,761,1117,1507]" lastPageId="8" lastPageNumber="845" pageId="7" pageNumber="844">
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||
<emphasis box="[163,345,1645,1667]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="844">External aspect:</emphasis>
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The live
|
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<typeStatus box="[457,554,1645,1667]" pageId="7" pageNumber="844">holotype</typeStatus>
|
||
was approximately
|
||
<quantity box="[163,242,1675,1697]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.0" pageId="7" pageNumber="844" unit="mm" value="50.0">50 mm</quantity>
|
||
long and
|
||
<quantity box="[358,423,1675,1697]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="6.0" pageId="7" pageNumber="844" unit="mm" value="6.0">6 mm</quantity>
|
||
wide. The preserved specimen measured
|
||
<quantity box="[285,365,1706,1728]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.5" pageId="7" pageNumber="844" unit="mm" value="45.0">45 mm</quantity>
|
||
long,
|
||
<quantity box="[437,502,1706,1728]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="8.0" pageId="7" pageNumber="844" unit="mm" value="8.0">8 mm</quantity>
|
||
wide and
|
||
<quantity box="[625,712,1706,1728]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.5" pageId="7" pageNumber="844" unit="mm" value="2.5">2.5 mm</quantity>
|
||
high. Live animals display nearly parallel body margins throughout most body length (
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<figureCitation box="[528,647,1768,1790]" captionStart="Figure 3" captionStartId="6.[145,223,1846,1868]" captionTargetBox="[145,1425,939,1807]" captionTargetId="figure-315@6.[145,1425,939,1807]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="Figure 3. Adinoplana alerna sp. nov. Living holotype in dorsal (A–C) and ventral views (D). Scale not available. The body is approximately 50 mm long." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7813983" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7813983/files/figure.png" pageId="7" pageNumber="844">Fig. 3A, B</figureCitation>
|
||
). The body tapers gradually toward the anterior, rounded tip and less gradually toward the posterior, obtuse tip. The dorsum is flattened except for a carina that occupies the median region (
|
||
<figureCitation box="[1048,1160,1605,1627]" captionStart="Figure 3" captionStartId="6.[145,223,1846,1868]" captionTargetBox="[145,1425,939,1807]" captionTargetId="figure-315@6.[145,1425,939,1807]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="Figure 3. Adinoplana alerna sp. nov. Living holotype in dorsal (A–C) and ventral views (D). Scale not available. The body is approximately 50 mm long." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7813983" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7813983/files/figure.png" pageId="7" pageNumber="844">Fig. 3C, D</figureCitation>
|
||
). The ventral side is flat. The body exhibits undulating body margins when the animal is contracted (
|
||
<figureCitation box="[1069,1148,1666,1688]" captionStart="Figure 3" captionStartId="6.[145,223,1846,1868]" captionTargetBox="[145,1425,939,1807]" captionTargetId="figure-315@6.[145,1425,939,1807]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="Figure 3. Adinoplana alerna sp. nov. Living holotype in dorsal (A–C) and ventral views (D). Scale not available. The body is approximately 50 mm long." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7813983" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7813983/files/figure.png" pageId="7" pageNumber="844">Fig. 3B</figureCitation>
|
||
). The colour of the dorsum is black-blue (
|
||
<collectionCode box="[985,1038,1697,1718]" pageId="7" pageNumber="844">RAL</collectionCode>
|
||
5004) with small green-beige (
|
||
<collectionCode box="[1389,1442,1697,1718]" pageId="7" pageNumber="844">RAL</collectionCode>
|
||
1000) dots on the median region and larger, irregular green beige patches in the submarginal region (
|
||
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 3" captionStartId="6.[145,223,1846,1868]" captionTargetBox="[145,1425,939,1807]" captionTargetId="figure-315@6.[145,1425,939,1807]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="Figure 3. Adinoplana alerna sp. nov. Living holotype in dorsal (A–C) and ventral views (D). Scale not available. The body is approximately 50 mm long." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7813983" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7813983/files/figure.png" pageId="7" pageNumber="844">Fig. 3A, C, D</figureCitation>
|
||
). The ventral side is a cream colour (
|
||
<collectionCode box="[1387,1442,1789,1810]" pageId="7" pageNumber="844">RAL</collectionCode>
|
||
9001), covered with an increasing number of blackgrey (
|
||
<collectionCode box="[898,954,1850,1871]" pageId="7" pageNumber="844">RAL</collectionCode>
|
||
7021) pigment toward the extremities of the body. The eyes are of a single-cup measuring 50–70 µm in diameter. Each eye is in the middle of a round, light-grey halo (
|
||
<figureCitation box="[404,483,1148,1170]" captionStart="Figure 3" captionStartId="6.[145,223,1846,1868]" captionTargetBox="[145,1425,939,1807]" captionTargetId="figure-315@6.[145,1425,939,1807]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="Figure 3. Adinoplana alerna sp. nov. Living holotype in dorsal (A–C) and ventral views (D). Scale not available. The body is approximately 50 mm long." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7813983" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7813983/files/figure.png" pageId="8" pageNumber="845">Fig. 3C</figureCitation>
|
||
). The eyes are organized in a uniserial row around the anterior tip and
|
||
<quantity box="[682,761,1179,1200]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.0" pageId="8" pageNumber="845" unit="mm" value="10.0">10 mm</quantity>
|
||
posteriorly they spread onto the dorsal side to the extent of 27% of the body width on either side. The sensory pits are simple invaginations, 50–57 µm deep, located ventromarginally and distributed in a single row from the anterior body tip up to the prepharyngeal region (42% of body length). These pits occur in the middle of light-grey haloes at the anterior tip (
|
||
<figureCitation box="[195,282,1424,1446]" captionStart="Figure 3" captionStartId="6.[145,223,1846,1868]" captionTargetBox="[145,1425,939,1807]" captionTargetId="figure-315@6.[145,1425,939,1807]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="Figure 3. Adinoplana alerna sp. nov. Living holotype in dorsal (A–C) and ventral views (D). Scale not available. The body is approximately 50 mm long." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7813983" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7813983/files/figure.png" pageId="8" pageNumber="845">Fig. 3C</figureCitation>
|
||
). The mouth is positioned at a distance from the anterior extremity equal to 47% of the body length; the gonopore at 68%.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<caption ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7813987" ID-Zenodo-Dep="7813987" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7813987/files/figure.png" pageId="8" pageNumber="845" startId="8.[146,224,1027,1049]" targetBox="[145,1425,195,988]" targetPageId="8">
|
||
<paragraph blockId="8.[145,1425,1027,1079]" pageId="8" pageNumber="845">
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" box="[146,249,1027,1049]" pageId="8" pageNumber="845">Figure 5.</emphasis>
|
||
<taxonomicName authority="Almeida & Álvarez-Presas & Carbayo, 2023" authorityName="Almeida & Álvarez-Presas & Carbayo" authorityYear="2023" box="[259,455,1028,1050]" family="Geoplanidae" genus="Adinoplana" kingdom="Animalia" order="Tricladida" pageId="8" pageNumber="845" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="species" species="alerna" status="sp. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis box="[259,455,1028,1050]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="845">Adinoplana alerna</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel box="[460,535,1028,1050]" pageId="8" pageNumber="845" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
Holotype. A, photomicrograph of a sagittal section of the pharynx. B, photomicrograph of a sagittal section of the ventral insertion of the pharynx. C, diagrammatic representation of the copulatory apparatus.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<paragraph blockId="8.[145,762,1548,1907]" pageId="8" pageNumber="845">
|
||
<emphasis box="[145,395,1548,1569]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="845">Internal morphology:</emphasis>
|
||
The epidermis in the cephalic extremity is ciliated dorsally and ventrally. Behind the cephalic extremity, it is only ciliated on the creeping sole, with this sole being 95% of the body width. Erythrophil granules and rhabdites are discharged through the dorsal and ventral epidermis, both being more abundant dorsally. Gland cells discharge erythrophil granules through the ventral epidermis. A glandular margin is moderately developed (
|
||
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 4" captionStartId="7.[164,242,1456,1478]" captionTargetBox="[168,1443,195,1417]" captionTargetId="graphics-229@7.[177,1314,768,1417]" captionTargetPageId="7" captionText="Figure 4. Adinoplana alerna sp. nov. Photomicrographs of the holotype.A, transverse section of the pre-pharyngeal region. B, horizontal section through the dorsal epidermis. C, transverse section of the pre-pharyngeal, ventral region; the inset shows a detail of the hollow longitudinal muscle fibres. D, horizontal section of near ventral epidermis. E, sagittal section of a region close to the penis bulb." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7813985" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7813985/files/figure.png" pageId="8" pageNumber="845">Fig. 4A</figureCitation>
|
||
). This margin consists of
|
||
<specimenCount box="[481,592,1824,1845]" pageId="8" pageNumber="845" type="generic" typeStatus="types">two types</specimenCount>
|
||
of gland cells, producing xanthophil and erythrophil granules, respectively.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph blockId="8.[809,1425,1117,1905]" pageId="8" pageNumber="845">
|
||
The cutaneous musculature comprises three layers: a subepithelial, 5 µm thick circular layer; a dense, double layer with decussate fibres (15 µm thick dorsally, 45 µm ventrally); and an innermost, welldeveloped longitudinal muscle layer (
|
||
<figureCitation box="[1243,1360,1240,1262]" captionStart="Figure 4" captionStartId="7.[164,242,1456,1478]" captionTargetBox="[168,1443,195,1417]" captionTargetId="graphics-229@7.[177,1314,768,1417]" captionTargetPageId="7" captionText="Figure 4. Adinoplana alerna sp. nov. Photomicrographs of the holotype.A, transverse section of the pre-pharyngeal region. B, horizontal section through the dorsal epidermis. C, transverse section of the pre-pharyngeal, ventral region; the inset shows a detail of the hollow longitudinal muscle fibres. D, horizontal section of near ventral epidermis. E, sagittal section of a region close to the penis bulb." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7813985" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7813985/files/figure.png" pageId="8" pageNumber="845">Fig. 4A–D</figureCitation>
|
||
). The longitudinal muscle is 40 µm thick dorsally and 145 µm ventrally. The ventral portion of the longitudinal muscle becomes gradually thinner toward the body margins (
|
||
<figureCitation box="[917,997,1362,1384]" captionStart="Figure 4" captionStartId="7.[164,242,1456,1478]" captionTargetBox="[168,1443,195,1417]" captionTargetId="graphics-229@7.[177,1314,768,1417]" captionTargetPageId="7" captionText="Figure 4. Adinoplana alerna sp. nov. Photomicrographs of the holotype.A, transverse section of the pre-pharyngeal region. B, horizontal section through the dorsal epidermis. C, transverse section of the pre-pharyngeal, ventral region; the inset shows a detail of the hollow longitudinal muscle fibres. D, horizontal section of near ventral epidermis. E, sagittal section of a region close to the penis bulb." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7813985" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7813985/files/figure.png" pageId="8" pageNumber="845">Fig. 4A</figureCitation>
|
||
). The longitudinal muscle fibres lying immediately under the decussate ones are orientated at a slight angle to the longitudinal axis (
|
||
<figureCitation box="[1279,1361,1424,1446]" captionStart="Figure 4" captionStartId="7.[164,242,1456,1478]" captionTargetBox="[168,1443,195,1417]" captionTargetId="graphics-229@7.[177,1314,768,1417]" captionTargetPageId="7" captionText="Figure 4. Adinoplana alerna sp. nov. Photomicrographs of the holotype.A, transverse section of the pre-pharyngeal region. B, horizontal section through the dorsal epidermis. C, transverse section of the pre-pharyngeal, ventral region; the inset shows a detail of the hollow longitudinal muscle fibres. D, horizontal section of near ventral epidermis. E, sagittal section of a region close to the penis bulb." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7813985" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7813985/files/figure.png" pageId="8" pageNumber="845">Fig. 4D</figureCitation>
|
||
). The longitudinal muscle fibres are hollow (
|
||
<figureCitation box="[1257,1340,1454,1476]" captionStart="Figure 4" captionStartId="7.[164,242,1456,1478]" captionTargetBox="[168,1443,195,1417]" captionTargetId="graphics-229@7.[177,1314,768,1417]" captionTargetPageId="7" captionText="Figure 4. Adinoplana alerna sp. nov. Photomicrographs of the holotype.A, transverse section of the pre-pharyngeal region. B, horizontal section through the dorsal epidermis. C, transverse section of the pre-pharyngeal, ventral region; the inset shows a detail of the hollow longitudinal muscle fibres. D, horizontal section of near ventral epidermis. E, sagittal section of a region close to the penis bulb." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7813985" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7813985/files/figure.png" pageId="8" pageNumber="845">Fig. 4C</figureCitation>
|
||
, inset). The cutaneous musculature thickness relative to body height at the pre-pharyngeal region is 10%. A cephalic retractor muscle is absent.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph blockId="8.[809,1425,1117,1905]" pageId="8" pageNumber="845">
|
||
Three parenchymal muscle layers are present throughout the body: a dorsal layer of decussate fibres (60 µm thick, or 2.4% of the body height) located to the inside of the peripheral nervous plexus (
|
||
<figureCitation box="[1327,1410,1669,1691]" captionStart="Figure 4" captionStartId="7.[164,242,1456,1478]" captionTargetBox="[168,1443,195,1417]" captionTargetId="graphics-229@7.[177,1314,768,1417]" captionTargetPageId="7" captionText="Figure 4. Adinoplana alerna sp. nov. Photomicrographs of the holotype.A, transverse section of the pre-pharyngeal region. B, horizontal section through the dorsal epidermis. C, transverse section of the pre-pharyngeal, ventral region; the inset shows a detail of the hollow longitudinal muscle fibres. D, horizontal section of near ventral epidermis. E, sagittal section of a region close to the penis bulb." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7813985" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7813985/files/figure.png" pageId="8" pageNumber="845">Fig. 4B</figureCitation>
|
||
); a dense supraintestinal layer of transverse fibres (60 µm thick; 2.4%); and a dense subintestinal layer of transverse fibres (70 µm thick; 2.8%) (
|
||
<figureCitation box="[1243,1324,1761,1783]" captionStart="Figure 4" captionStartId="7.[164,242,1456,1478]" captionTargetBox="[168,1443,195,1417]" captionTargetId="graphics-229@7.[177,1314,768,1417]" captionTargetPageId="7" captionText="Figure 4. Adinoplana alerna sp. nov. Photomicrographs of the holotype.A, transverse section of the pre-pharyngeal region. B, horizontal section through the dorsal epidermis. C, transverse section of the pre-pharyngeal, ventral region; the inset shows a detail of the hollow longitudinal muscle fibres. D, horizontal section of near ventral epidermis. E, sagittal section of a region close to the penis bulb." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7813985" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7813985/files/figure.png" pageId="8" pageNumber="845">Fig. 4A</figureCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph blockId="8.[809,1425,1117,1905]" lastBlockId="9.[163,779,1386,1898]" lastPageId="9" lastPageNumber="846" pageId="8" pageNumber="845">
|
||
The mouth is situated at a distance from the root of the pharynx, equivalent to 27% of the length of the pharyngeal pouch length. The pharynx is collarshaped, with the dorsal insertion shifted backward by a distance equivalent to 70% of its length (
|
||
<figureCitation box="[173,268,1416,1438]" captionStart="Figure 5" captionStartId="8.[146,224,1027,1049]" captionTargetBox="[145,1425,195,988]" captionTargetId="figure-468@8.[151,1008,218,635]" captionTargetPageId="8" captionText="Figure 5. Adinoplana alerna sp. nov. Holotype.A, photomicrograph of a sagittal section of the pharynx. B, photomicrograph of a sagittal section of the ventral insertion of the pharynx. C, diagrammatic representation of the copulatory apparatus." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7813987" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7813987/files/figure.png" pageId="9" pageNumber="846">Fig. 5A</figureCitation>
|
||
). An oesophagus is absent. The outer pharyngeal musculature consists of a subepithelial layer of longitudinal muscle (10 µm thick), followed by a layer of circular muscle (20 µm) and a third layer of longitudinal fibres (30 µm thick). The inner pharyngeal musculature consists of a 100 µm thick layer of circular muscle, followed by a 10 µm thick layer of longitudinal muscle (
|
||
<figureCitation box="[495,576,1631,1653]" captionStart="Figure 5" captionStartId="8.[146,224,1027,1049]" captionTargetBox="[145,1425,195,988]" captionTargetId="figure-468@8.[151,1008,218,635]" captionTargetPageId="8" captionText="Figure 5. Adinoplana alerna sp. nov. Holotype.A, photomicrograph of a sagittal section of the pharynx. B, photomicrograph of a sagittal section of the ventral insertion of the pharynx. C, diagrammatic representation of the copulatory apparatus." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7813987" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7813987/files/figure.png" pageId="9" pageNumber="846">Fig. 5B</figureCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<caption ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7813989" ID-Zenodo-Dep="7813989" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7813989/files/figure.png" pageId="9" pageNumber="846" startId="9.[162,243,1267,1289]" targetBox="[163,1443,195,1227]" targetPageId="9">
|
||
<paragraph blockId="9.[162,1444,1267,1348]" pageId="9" pageNumber="846">
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" box="[162,271,1267,1289]" pageId="9" pageNumber="846">Figure 6.</emphasis>
|
||
<taxonomicName authority="Almeida & Álvarez-Presas & Carbayo, 2023" authorityName="Almeida & Álvarez-Presas & Carbayo" authorityYear="2023" box="[283,488,1267,1289]" family="Geoplanidae" genus="Adinoplana" kingdom="Animalia" order="Tricladida" pageId="9" pageNumber="846" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="species" species="alerna" status="sp. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis box="[283,488,1267,1289]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="846">Adinoplana alerna</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel box="[496,576,1267,1289]" pageId="9" pageNumber="846" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
Holotype. Photomicrographs of sagittal sections of the male components of the copulatory apparatus showing musculoglandular organs. A, prostatic vesicle, penis papilla and male atrium. B, penis papilla. C, dorsal insertion of the penis papilla. D, musculoglandular organs embedded in the dorsoanterior wall of the male atrium.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<paragraph blockId="9.[163,779,1386,1898]" lastBlockId="9.[827,1443,1386,1898]" pageId="9" pageNumber="846">
|
||
The copulatory apparatus occupies 85% of the body height and is six times longer than its height. The testes are rounded, measuring about 180 µm in diameter. They are dorsally located beneath the transverse supraintestinal parenchymal muscle and between the intestinal branches (
|
||
<figureCitation box="[401,483,1815,1837]" captionStart="Figure 4" captionStartId="7.[164,242,1456,1478]" captionTargetBox="[168,1443,195,1417]" captionTargetId="graphics-229@7.[177,1314,768,1417]" captionTargetPageId="7" captionText="Figure 4. Adinoplana alerna sp. nov. Photomicrographs of the holotype.A, transverse section of the pre-pharyngeal region. B, horizontal section through the dorsal epidermis. C, transverse section of the pre-pharyngeal, ventral region; the inset shows a detail of the hollow longitudinal muscle fibres. D, horizontal section of near ventral epidermis. E, sagittal section of a region close to the penis bulb." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7813985" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7813985/files/figure.png" pageId="9" pageNumber="846">Fig. 4E</figureCitation>
|
||
). The anteriormost testes are placed at a distance from the anterior body tip equivalent to 38% of the body length (i.e. considerably behind ovaries; see below); the posteriormost testes are located at 59% of body length (i.e. at the level of the penis bulb, see below).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph blockId="9.[827,1443,1386,1898]" lastBlockId="10.[145,762,1328,1902]" lastPageId="10" lastPageNumber="847" pageId="9" pageNumber="846">
|
||
The sperm ducts run above the subintestinal parenchymal muscle and dorsally to the ovovitelline ducts (
|
||
<figureCitation box="[902,982,1539,1561]" captionStart="Figure 4" captionStartId="7.[164,242,1456,1478]" captionTargetBox="[168,1443,195,1417]" captionTargetId="graphics-229@7.[177,1314,768,1417]" captionTargetPageId="7" captionText="Figure 4. Adinoplana alerna sp. nov. Photomicrographs of the holotype.A, transverse section of the pre-pharyngeal region. B, horizontal section through the dorsal epidermis. C, transverse section of the pre-pharyngeal, ventral region; the inset shows a detail of the hollow longitudinal muscle fibres. D, horizontal section of near ventral epidermis. E, sagittal section of a region close to the penis bulb." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7813985" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7813985/files/figure.png" pageId="9" pageNumber="846">Fig. 4E</figureCitation>
|
||
). These ducts contain sperm except their most distal portion, which is narrow and separately open into the proximolateral region of the prostatic vesicle (
|
||
<figureCitation box="[929,1019,1631,1653]" captionStart="Figure 5" captionStartId="8.[146,224,1027,1049]" captionTargetBox="[145,1425,195,988]" captionTargetId="figure-468@8.[151,1008,218,635]" captionTargetPageId="8" captionText="Figure 5. Adinoplana alerna sp. nov. Holotype.A, photomicrograph of a sagittal section of the pharynx. B, photomicrograph of a sagittal section of the ventral insertion of the pharynx. C, diagrammatic representation of the copulatory apparatus." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7813987" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7813987/files/figure.png" pageId="9" pageNumber="846">Fig. 5C</figureCitation>
|
||
). The prostatic vesicle is tubular, sinuous and more or less C-shaped in lateral view. This vesicle is extrabulbar, but some fibres of the common muscle coat enclose it dorsally. The vesicle penetrates the anterior region of the well-developed penis bulb. The prostatic vesicle is lined with a cuboidal, ciliated epithelium and is surrounded by 30 µm thick circular muscle. Gland cells discharge erythrophil granules into the lumen of the prostatic vesicle. The ejaculatory duct traverses the centre of the penis papilla and its distal region widens to form a small, irregular cavity at the tip of the penis papilla. The ejaculatory duct is lined with a cuboidal, ciliated epithelium and is underlain by a 5 µm thick circular muscle. The small cavity is lined with a cuboidal, non-ciliated epithelium.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<caption ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7813991" ID-Zenodo-Dep="7813991" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7813991/files/figure.png" pageId="10" pageNumber="847" startId="10.[145,225,1209,1231]" targetBox="[145,1425,195,1170]" targetPageId="10">
|
||
<paragraph blockId="10.[145,1425,1209,1290]" pageId="10" pageNumber="847">
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" box="[145,252,1209,1231]" pageId="10" pageNumber="847">Figure 7.</emphasis>
|
||
<taxonomicName authority="Almeida & Álvarez-Presas & Carbayo, 2023" authorityName="Almeida & Álvarez-Presas & Carbayo" authorityYear="2023" box="[264,466,1209,1231]" family="Geoplanidae" genus="Adinoplana" kingdom="Animalia" order="Tricladida" pageId="10" pageNumber="847" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="species" species="alerna" status="sp. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis box="[264,466,1209,1231]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="847">Adinoplana alerna</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel box="[474,552,1209,1231]" pageId="10" pageNumber="847" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
Holotype. Photomicrographs of sagittal sections of the female components of the copulatory apparatus. A, general view of the female atrium. B, converging region of the female genital canal with the female atrium. C, anterior region of the female atrium converging with the male atrium. D, large musculoglandular organ.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<paragraph blockId="10.[145,762,1328,1902]" lastBlockId="10.[809,1426,1328,1902]" pageId="10" pageNumber="847">
|
||
The penis papilla is conical-to-cylindrical and slightly inclined posteroventrally. This papilla occupies the anterior 20% of the male atrium (
|
||
<figureCitation box="[667,747,1573,1596]" captionStart="Figure 5" captionStartId="8.[146,224,1027,1049]" captionTargetBox="[145,1425,195,988]" captionTargetId="figure-468@8.[151,1008,218,635]" captionTargetPageId="8" captionText="Figure 5. Adinoplana alerna sp. nov. Holotype.A, photomicrograph of a sagittal section of the pharynx. B, photomicrograph of a sagittal section of the ventral insertion of the pharynx. C, diagrammatic representation of the copulatory apparatus." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7813987" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7813987/files/figure.png" pageId="10" pageNumber="847">Fig. 5C</figureCitation>
|
||
). The surface of the papilla has a spiny aspect due to the presence of protruding small musculoglandular organs (abbreviated mg
|
||
<quantity box="[425,465,1666,1688]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.54" pageId="10" pageNumber="847" unit="in" value="1.0">1 in</quantity>
|
||
the figures). Up to ten of these musculoglandular organs are visible in a single sagittal section. These organs are 65–70 µm wide and 30–130 µm long, with half of this length constituted by a sort of cone protruding beyond the surface of the penis papilla (
|
||
<figureCitation box="[358,475,1819,1841]" captionStart="Figure 6" captionStartId="9.[162,243,1267,1289]" captionTargetBox="[163,1443,195,1227]" captionTargetPageId="9" captionText="Figure 6. Adinoplana alerna sp. nov. Holotype. Photomicrographs of sagittal sections of the male components of the copulatory apparatus showing musculoglandular organs.A, prostatic vesicle, penis papilla and male atrium. B, penis papilla. C, dorsal insertion of the penis papilla. D, musculoglandular organs embedded in the dorsoanterior wall of the male atrium." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7813989" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7813989/files/figure.png" pageId="10" pageNumber="847">Fig. 6A–D</figureCitation>
|
||
). The musculoglandular organs contain a blind cavity opening at the tip of the organ. The cavity receives fine erythrophil granules produced by gland cells located outside the penis bulb. A finely granular cyanophil mass is placed beneath the squamous epithelium lining the organ (
|
||
<figureCitation box="[1298,1411,1389,1411]" captionStart="Figure 6" captionStartId="9.[162,243,1267,1289]" captionTargetBox="[163,1443,195,1227]" captionTargetPageId="9" captionText="Figure 6. Adinoplana alerna sp. nov. Holotype. Photomicrographs of sagittal sections of the male components of the copulatory apparatus showing musculoglandular organs.A, prostatic vesicle, penis papilla and male atrium. B, penis papilla. C, dorsal insertion of the penis papilla. D, musculoglandular organs embedded in the dorsoanterior wall of the male atrium." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7813989" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7813989/files/figure.png" pageId="10" pageNumber="847">Fig. 6B–D</figureCitation>
|
||
). The basis of the musculoglandular organ is delimited by a muscle net (
|
||
<figureCitation box="[1001,1115,1451,1473]" captionStart="Figure 6" captionStartId="9.[162,243,1267,1289]" captionTargetBox="[163,1443,195,1227]" captionTargetPageId="9" captionText="Figure 6. Adinoplana alerna sp. nov. Holotype. Photomicrographs of sagittal sections of the male components of the copulatory apparatus showing musculoglandular organs.A, prostatic vesicle, penis papilla and male atrium. B, penis papilla. C, dorsal insertion of the penis papilla. D, musculoglandular organs embedded in the dorsoanterior wall of the male atrium." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7813989" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7813989/files/figure.png" pageId="10" pageNumber="847">Fig. 6B–D</figureCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph blockId="10.[809,1426,1328,1902]" pageId="10" pageNumber="847">The penis papilla is lined with a squamous epithelium and is underlain by a layer of circular muscle (8 µm thick), followed by a 10 µm thick layer of longitudinal muscle. Gland cells with 10 µm thick necks producing cyanophil granules also pierce the penial epithelium, especially in its basal half.</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph blockId="10.[809,1426,1328,1902]" lastBlockId="11.[163,780,197,1905]" lastPageId="11" lastPageNumber="848" pageId="10" pageNumber="847">
|
||
The male atrium is long and presents two to thtee large, longitudinal, lateral folds (
|
||
<figureCitation box="[1212,1298,1696,1718]" captionStart="Figure 5" captionStartId="8.[146,224,1027,1049]" captionTargetBox="[145,1425,195,988]" captionTargetId="figure-468@8.[151,1008,218,635]" captionTargetPageId="8" captionText="Figure 5. Adinoplana alerna sp. nov. Holotype.A, photomicrograph of a sagittal section of the pharynx. B, photomicrograph of a sagittal section of the ventral insertion of the pharynx. C, diagrammatic representation of the copulatory apparatus." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7813987" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7813987/files/figure.png" pageId="10" pageNumber="847">Fig. 5C</figureCitation>
|
||
). Anterior and posterior regions of the roof of the male atrium also possess musculoglandular organs, being different from those of the penis papilla and being larger in size than the latter, namely, 100–150 µm long (
|
||
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 6" captionStartId="9.[162,243,1267,1289]" captionTargetBox="[163,1443,195,1227]" captionTargetPageId="9" captionText="Figure 6. Adinoplana alerna sp. nov. Holotype. Photomicrographs of sagittal sections of the male components of the copulatory apparatus showing musculoglandular organs.A, prostatic vesicle, penis papilla and male atrium. B, penis papilla. C, dorsal insertion of the penis papilla. D, musculoglandular organs embedded in the dorsoanterior wall of the male atrium." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7813989" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7813989/files/figure.png" pageId="10" pageNumber="847">Fig. 6A–D</figureCitation>
|
||
). The male atrium is lined with a columnar epithelium, which is underlain by an 80–100 µm thick coat of intermingled circular and longitudinal muscle fibres. The epithelium of the anterior quarter of the male atrium is traversed by the necks of gland cells secreting cyanophil granules. Additionally, gland cells producing erythrophil granules apparently pierce the entire epithelium of the male atrium.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph blockId="11.[163,780,197,1905]" pageId="11" pageNumber="848">
|
||
The incompletely developed ovaries are rounded-toovoid and have a diameter of about 300 µm. They lie immediately above the ventral nerve plate and are located
|
||
<quantity box="[251,337,473,495]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="6.3" pageId="11" pageNumber="848" unit="mm" value="6.3">6.3 mm</quantity>
|
||
anterior to the anteriormost testes (or the equivalent to 14% of body length), and at a distance from the anterior extremity of the body equivalent to 24% of the body length. The ovovitelline ducts emerge from the dorsolateral side of the ovaries. They run between the subintestinal parenchymal muscle layer and the ventral nerve plate (
|
||
<figureCitation box="[484,564,657,679]" captionStart="Figure 4" captionStartId="7.[164,242,1456,1478]" captionTargetBox="[168,1443,195,1417]" captionTargetId="graphics-229@7.[177,1314,768,1417]" captionTargetPageId="7" captionText="Figure 4. Adinoplana alerna sp. nov. Photomicrographs of the holotype.A, transverse section of the pre-pharyngeal region. B, horizontal section through the dorsal epidermis. C, transverse section of the pre-pharyngeal, ventral region; the inset shows a detail of the hollow longitudinal muscle fibres. D, horizontal section of near ventral epidermis. E, sagittal section of a region close to the penis bulb." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7813985" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7813985/files/figure.png" pageId="11" pageNumber="848">Fig. 4E</figureCitation>
|
||
). These ducts bend abruptly dorsad laterally to the female atrium and then join the female atrium to form a
|
||
<quantity box="[532,597,719,740]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.0" pageId="11" pageNumber="848" unit="mm" value="2.0">2 mm</quantity>
|
||
long, horizontal common ovovitelline duct (
|
||
<figureCitation box="[479,564,749,771]" captionStart="Figure 7" captionStartId="10.[145,225,1209,1231]" captionTargetBox="[145,1425,195,1170]" captionTargetId="figure-369@10.[145,861,662,1151]" captionTargetPageId="10" captionText="Figure 7. Adinoplana alerna sp. nov. Holotype. Photomicrographs of sagittal sections of the female components of the copulatory apparatus. A, general view of the female atrium. B, converging region of the female genital canal with the female atrium. C, anterior region of the female atrium converging with the male atrium. D, large musculoglandular organ." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7813991" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7813991/files/figure.png" pageId="11" pageNumber="848">Fig. 7C</figureCitation>
|
||
). Shell glands are absent. The common ovovitelline duct communicates with the female genital canal (
|
||
<figureCitation box="[502,581,810,832]" captionStart="Figure 7" captionStartId="10.[145,225,1209,1231]" captionTargetBox="[145,1425,195,1170]" captionTargetId="figure-369@10.[145,861,662,1151]" captionTargetPageId="10" captionText="Figure 7. Adinoplana alerna sp. nov. Holotype. Photomicrographs of sagittal sections of the female components of the copulatory apparatus. A, general view of the female atrium. B, converging region of the female genital canal with the female atrium. C, anterior region of the female atrium converging with the male atrium. D, large musculoglandular organ." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7813991" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7813991/files/figure.png" pageId="11" pageNumber="848">Fig. 7B</figureCitation>
|
||
), which is funnelshaped and projects anteriorly from the dorsoposterior portion of the female atrium (
|
||
<figureCitation box="[531,618,872,894]" captionStart="Figure 7" captionStartId="10.[145,225,1209,1231]" captionTargetBox="[145,1425,195,1170]" captionTargetId="figure-369@10.[145,861,662,1151]" captionTargetPageId="10" captionText="Figure 7. Adinoplana alerna sp. nov. Holotype. Photomicrographs of sagittal sections of the female components of the copulatory apparatus. A, general view of the female atrium. B, converging region of the female genital canal with the female atrium. C, anterior region of the female atrium converging with the male atrium. D, large musculoglandular organ." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7813991" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7813991/files/figure.png" pageId="11" pageNumber="848">Fig. 7B</figureCitation>
|
||
). The female genital canal and female atrium are lined with a columnar epithelium with conspicuous cilia. The female atrium is long, 1.2 times longer than the male atrium, and its lumen is narrowed by two to three lateral, longitudinal folds (
|
||
<figureCitation box="[373,457,1025,1047]" captionStart="Figure 5" captionStartId="8.[146,224,1027,1049]" captionTargetBox="[145,1425,195,988]" captionTargetId="figure-468@8.[151,1008,218,635]" captionTargetPageId="8" captionText="Figure 5. Adinoplana alerna sp. nov. Holotype.A, photomicrograph of a sagittal section of the pharynx. B, photomicrograph of a sagittal section of the ventral insertion of the pharynx. C, diagrammatic representation of the copulatory apparatus." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7813987" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7813987/files/figure.png" pageId="11" pageNumber="848">Figs 5C</figureCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<figureCitation box="[470,531,1025,1046]" captionStart="Figure 7" captionStartId="10.[145,225,1209,1231]" captionTargetBox="[145,1425,195,1170]" captionTargetId="figure-369@10.[145,861,662,1151]" captionTargetPageId="10" captionText="Figure 7. Adinoplana alerna sp. nov. Holotype. Photomicrographs of sagittal sections of the female components of the copulatory apparatus. A, general view of the female atrium. B, converging region of the female genital canal with the female atrium. C, anterior region of the female atrium converging with the male atrium. D, large musculoglandular organ." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7813991" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7813991/files/figure.png" pageId="11" pageNumber="848">7A, C</figureCitation>
|
||
). Three
|
||
<typeStatus box="[623,683,1025,1046]" pageId="11" pageNumber="848">types</typeStatus>
|
||
of gland cells discharge xanthophil, erythrophil and cyanophil granules, respectively, into the female atrium. The latter
|
||
<typeStatus box="[163,212,1117,1138]" pageId="11" pageNumber="848">type</typeStatus>
|
||
is more abundant in mid-atrium. The epithelium of the female atrium is underlain by a 100–200 µm thick muscle layer of circular and longitudinal fibres. Two large musculoglandular organs (mg
|
||
<quantity box="[560,602,1209,1231]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.08" pageId="11" pageNumber="848" unit="in" value="2.0">2 in</quantity>
|
||
the figures) are embedded in the lateral wall of the anterior section of the female atrium, each one on either side of the atrium (
|
||
<figureCitation box="[171,318,1301,1323]" captionStart="Figure 7" captionStartId="10.[145,225,1209,1231]" captionTargetBox="[145,1425,195,1170]" captionTargetId="figure-369@10.[145,861,662,1151]" captionTargetPageId="10" captionText="Figure 7. Adinoplana alerna sp. nov. Holotype. Photomicrographs of sagittal sections of the female components of the copulatory apparatus. A, general view of the female atrium. B, converging region of the female genital canal with the female atrium. C, anterior region of the female atrium converging with the male atrium. D, large musculoglandular organ." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7813991" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7813991/files/figure.png" pageId="11" pageNumber="848">Fig. 7A, C, D</figureCitation>
|
||
). These large musculoglandular organs project toward the midsagittal body plane. The conical, protruded portion of the musculoglandular organs is approximately 300 µm high and 500–700 µm in diameter. The embedded, semi-spherical portion is about 200 µm deep, while these musculoglandular organs present a blind canal that opens at the tip of the organ. The outer epithelium of the large musculoglandular organs is similar to that of the female atrium. At the same time, the inner one is columnar and ciliated, and is pierced by the necks of
|
||
<specimenCount box="[359,476,1608,1629]" pageId="11" pageNumber="848" type="generic" typeStatus="types">two types</specimenCount>
|
||
of gland cells producing erythrophil and cyanophil granules, respectively. A small quantity of cyanophil mass is located in the canal (
|
||
<figureCitation box="[240,322,1700,1722]" captionStart="Figure 7" captionStartId="10.[145,225,1209,1231]" captionTargetBox="[145,1425,195,1170]" captionTargetId="figure-369@10.[145,861,662,1151]" captionTargetPageId="10" captionText="Figure 7. Adinoplana alerna sp. nov. Holotype. Photomicrographs of sagittal sections of the female components of the copulatory apparatus. A, general view of the female atrium. B, converging region of the female genital canal with the female atrium. C, anterior region of the female atrium converging with the male atrium. D, large musculoglandular organ." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7813991" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7813991/files/figure.png" pageId="11" pageNumber="848">Fig. 7D</figureCitation>
|
||
). The semi-spherical, embedded portion consists of a well-developed muscularized ring, followed by oblique muscle fibres.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph blockId="11.[163,780,197,1905]" pageId="11" pageNumber="848">The common muscle coat is mainly comprised of longitudinal fibres, and envelops the male and female atria, the female genital canal, and also dorsally covers part of the prostatic vesicle.</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |