308 lines
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308 lines
40 KiB
XML
<document id="37E1757EEA31827F6A4F419F8A6F7B87" ID-DOI="10.11646/zootaxa.4995.1.9" ID-ISSN="1175-5326" ID-Zenodo-Dep="5043906" ID-ZooBank="959FF3A5-63AD-496D-AB24-B704C998B8FF" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1625003652546" checkinUser="plazi" docAuthor="Ellis, Ryan J., Kaiser, Hinrich, Maddock, Simon T., Doughty, Paul & Wüster, Wolfgang" docDate="2021" docId="03C0E03B8779A815FF193B40FB72FE3E" docLanguage="en" docName="zootaxa.4995.1.9.pdf" docOrigin="Zootaxa 4995 (1)" docStyle="DocumentStyle:647186512141C8FC8976D5BCC54AEB7D.9:Zootaxa.2013-.journal_article" docStyleId="647186512141C8FC8976D5BCC54AEB7D" docStyleName="Zootaxa.2013-.journal_article" docStyleVersion="9" docTitle="Acanthophis armstrongi Wells & Wellington 1985" docType="treatment" docVersion="3" lastPageNumber="167" masterDocId="FFF99843877CA812FF8E3D1AFFFCFFF1" masterDocTitle="An evaluation of the nomina for death adders (Acanthophis Daudin, 1803) proposed by Wells & Wellington (1985), and confirmation of A. cryptamydros Maddock et al., 2015 as the valid name for the Kimberley death adder" masterLastPageNumber="172" masterPageNumber="161" pageNumber="166" updateTime="1698979111978" updateUser="plazi" zenodo-license-document="CLOSED">
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<mods:title id="C9BBAA4C941CA366985F29F49EBC76A9">An evaluation of the nomina for death adders (Acanthophis Daudin, 1803) proposed by Wells & Wellington (1985), and confirmation of A. cryptamydros Maddock et al., 2015 as the valid name for the Kimberley death adder</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="E67866B26B2F2E10F0F0FA4CBF32FB4A">Ellis, Ryan J.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="974B01AE1F191927A90D8A5B47F959B9">Collections & Research, Western Australian Museum, Welshpool WA 6016, Australia & Biologic Environmental Survey, 24 - 26 Wickham St, East Perth, Western Australia 6004, Australia.</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:namePart id="8B27D33BE163C49B8B162242DCAC4C38">Kaiser, Hinrich</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="0C65CEA263380350960868775C703398">Department of Vertebrate Zoology, Zoologisches Forschungsmuseum Alexander Koenig, Adenauerallee 160, 53113 Bonn, Germany; and Department of Biology, Victor Valley College, 18422 Bear Valley Road, Victorville, California 92395, USA</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:namePart id="C17923E13CC4FFB5E61B234C479AA93A">Maddock, Simon T.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="F391A2631AC73C0F1CBEF9C6E81BAB4C">Faculty of Science and Engineering, University of Wolverhampton, Wolverhampton, WV 1 1 LY, United Kingdom & Department of Life Sciences, The Natural History Museum, London, SW 7 5 BD, United Kingdom & Island Biodiversity and Conservation Centre, University of Seychelles, Mahé, Seychelles</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:namePart id="C29677C8C030560819AE81B2E922F5E9">Doughty, Paul</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="BC8FE8A23B6AB359679DE32FC2B8508A">Collections & Research, Western Australian Museum, Welshpool WA 6016, Australia</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:namePart id="9BA4349D7CBFD68499996F4610607492">Wüster, Wolfgang</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="E567CA2C6C7E9E0E5E56F092B95495A2">Molecular Biology and Evolution at Bangor, School of Natural Sciences, Bangor University, Bangor, LL 57 2 UW, United Kingdom Corresponding author. w. wuster @ bangor. ac. uk; https: // orcid. org / 0000 - 0002 - 4890 - 4311</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:nameIdentifier id="BD7612CA1399FBD5D34A08AEC0ABB4B3" type="email">w.wuster@bangor.ac.uk</mods:nameIdentifier>
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<mods:title id="C82C7B2B305995D034F37D1C8730F707">Zootaxa</mods:title>
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<mods:part id="130D790F08D406A600A0CC102EC1F28C">
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<mods:date id="F6B830B8E0639981847AC7CD0F9A781E">2021</mods:date>
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<mods:number id="6FB46D1CDBAC8437FEA07915CA97797F">2021-06-29</mods:number>
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<mods:number id="B344DC53ED4EC11B55A9C63538B2FF12">4995</mods:number>
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<mods:identifier id="33EFA5998F8AB6987C5381C1B721B124" type="DOI">10.11646/zootaxa.4995.1.9</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier id="516725F10788B6AA42A7F98FE40FB726" type="ISSN">1175-5326</mods:identifier>
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<subSubSection id="C37302A68779A817FF193B40FC46F985" box="[151,954,1625,1652]" pageId="5" pageNumber="166" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph id="8BD6512D8779A817FF193B40FC46F985" blockId="5.[151,954,1625,1652]" box="[151,954,1625,1652]" pageId="5" pageNumber="166">
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<heading id="D09EE6418779A817FF193B40FC46F985" bold="true" box="[151,954,1625,1652]" fontSize="11" level="1" pageId="5" pageNumber="166" reason="1">
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<emphasis id="B91D8D3F8779A817FF193B40FC46F985" bold="true" box="[151,954,1625,1652]" pageId="5" pageNumber="166">
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Availability of
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<taxonomicName id="4C692AAE8779A817FEC13B43FC46F985" authority="Wells & Wellington, 1985" authorityName="Wells & Wellington" authorityYear="1985" box="[335,954,1625,1652]" class="Reptilia" family="Elapidae" genus="Acanthophis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="5" pageNumber="166" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="armstrongi">
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<emphasis id="B91D8D3F8779A817FEC13B43FD89F985" bold="true" box="[335,629,1625,1652]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="166">Acanthophis armstrongi</emphasis>
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<bibRefCitation id="EFF82CDC8779A817FDF23B40FC46F985" author="Wells, R. W. & Wellington, C. R." box="[636,954,1626,1652]" pageId="5" pageNumber="166" pagination="1 - 61" refId="ref9592" refString="Wells, R. W. & Wellington, C. R. (1985) A classification of the Amphibia and Reptilia of Australia. Australian Journal of Herpetology Supplementary Series, 1, 1 - 61." type="journal article" year="1985">Wells & Wellington, 1985</bibRefCitation>
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</taxonomicName>
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</emphasis>
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</heading>
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<paragraph id="8BD6512D8779A817FF193BB8FD48F881" blockId="5.[151,1437,1698,1905]" pageId="5" pageNumber="166">
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The name
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<taxonomicName id="4C692AAE8779A817FE853BB8FDE4F94D" authorityName="Wells & Wellington" authorityYear="1985" box="[267,536,1698,1724]" class="Reptilia" family="Elapidae" genus="Acanthophis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="5" pageNumber="166" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="armstrongi">
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<emphasis id="B91D8D3F8779A817FE853BB8FDE4F94D" box="[267,536,1698,1724]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="166">Acanthophis armstrongi</emphasis>
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has not given rise to much discussion since its initial establishment.
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<bibRefCitation id="EFF82CDC8779A817FA803BB8FA6BF94D" author="Shea, G. M." box="[1294,1431,1698,1724]" pageId="5" pageNumber="166" pagination="257 - 261" refId="ref9136" refString="Shea, G. M. (1987) Comment on the proposed suppression for nomenclatural purposes of three works by Richard W. Wells and C. Ross Wellington (Case 2531; see BZN 44: 116 - 121). Bulletin of Zoological Nomenclature, 44, 257 - 261. https: // doi. org / 10.5962 / bhl. part. 349" type="journal article" year="1987">Shea (1987)</bibRefCitation>
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, Aplin (1999), and
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<bibRefCitation id="EFF82CDC8779A817FEE53BDCFD66F911" author="Aplin, K. P. & Donnellan, S. C." box="[363,666,1734,1760]" pageId="5" pageNumber="166" pagination="277 - 298" refId="ref7263" refString="Aplin, K. P. & Donnellan, S. C. (1999) An extended description of the Pilbara death adder, Acanthophis wellsi Hoser (Serpentes: Elapidae), with notes on the desert death adder, A. pyrrhus Boulenger, and identification of a possible hybrid zone. Records of the Western Australian Museum, 19, 277 - 298." type="journal article" year="1999">Aplin & Donnellan (1999)</bibRefCitation>
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regarded it as a
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<emphasis id="B91D8D3F8779A817FCD33BDDFBFFF911" box="[861,1027,1734,1760]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="166">nomen nudum,</emphasis>
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noting that
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<bibRefCitation id="EFF82CDC8779A817FB1E3BDCFAE7F911" author="Storr, G. M." box="[1168,1307,1734,1760]" pageId="5" pageNumber="166" pagination="203 - 210" refId="ref9298" refString="Storr, G. M. (1981) The genus Acanthophis (Serpentes: Elapidae) in Western Australia. Records of the Western Australian Museum, 9, 203 - 210." type="journal article" year="1981">Storr (1981)</bibRefCitation>
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treated the populations concerned as part of his concept of
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<taxonomicName id="4C692AAE8779A817FD333BF0FCC9F8F5" authorityName="Boulenger" authorityYear="1898" box="[701,821,1770,1796]" class="Reptilia" family="Elapidae" genus="Acanthophis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="5" pageNumber="166" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="pyrrhus">
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<emphasis id="B91D8D3F8779A817FD333BF0FCC9F8F5" box="[701,821,1770,1796]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="166">A. pyrrhus</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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, without any attempt to differentiate between populations. The name has remained unused in the peer-reviewed scientific literature (
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<emphasis id="B91D8D3F8779A817FB823A15FBB6F8D9" box="[1036,1098,1807,1832]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="166">sensu</emphasis>
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<bibRefCitation id="EFF82CDC8779A817FBDE3A14FAEBF8D9" author="Kaiser, H. & Crother, B. I. & Kelly, C. M. R. & Luiselli, L. & O'Shea, M. & Ota, H. & Passos, P. & Schleip, W. D. & Wuster, W." box="[1104,1303,1806,1832]" pageId="5" pageNumber="166" pagination="8 - 23" refId="ref8743" refString="Kaiser, H., Crother, B. I., Kelly, C. M. R., Luiselli, L., O'Shea, M., Ota, H., Passos, P., Schleip, W. D. & Wuster, W. (2013) Best practices: in the 21 st Century, taxonomic decisions in herpetology are acceptable only when supported by a body of evidence and published via peer-review. Herpetological Review, 44, 8 - 23." type="journal article" year="2013">
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Kaiser
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<emphasis id="B91D8D3F8779A817FB2E3A15FB2CF8D9" box="[1184,1232,1806,1832]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="166">et al</emphasis>
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. 2013
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</bibRefCitation>
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) since then. The description of
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<taxonomicName id="4C692AAE8779A817FEFE3A28FDF7F8BD" authorityName="Wells & Wellington" authorityYear="1985" box="[368,523,1842,1868]" class="Reptilia" family="Elapidae" genus="Acanthophis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="5" pageNumber="166" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="armstrongi">
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<emphasis id="B91D8D3F8779A817FEFE3A28FDF7F8BD" box="[368,523,1842,1868]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="166">A. armstrongi</emphasis>
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reads as follows, reproduced here as in the original, including errors in spelling and punctuation (
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<bibRefCitation id="EFF82CDC8779A817FED73A4CFD5BF881" author="Wells, R. W. & Wellington, C. R." box="[345,679,1878,1905]" pageId="5" pageNumber="166" pagination="1 - 61" refId="ref9592" refString="Wells, R. W. & Wellington, C. R. (1985) A classification of the Amphibia and Reptilia of Australia. Australian Journal of Herpetology Supplementary Series, 1, 1 - 61." type="journal article" year="1985">Wells & Wellington 1985: 43</bibRefCitation>
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):
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</paragraph>
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<caption id="DF1601A5877AA814FF19395EFCE8FB1D" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5043908" ID-Zenodo-Dep="5043908" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5043908/files/figure.png" pageId="6" pageNumber="167" startId="6.[151,250,1092,1116]" targetBox="[151,1436,179,1066]" targetPageId="6">
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<paragraph id="8BD6512D877AA814FF19395EFCE8FB1D" blockId="6.[151,1437,1092,1260]" pageId="6" pageNumber="167">
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<emphasis id="B91D8D3F877AA814FF19395EFEE9FBAD" bold="true" box="[151,277,1092,1116]" pageId="6" pageNumber="167">FIGURE 1.</emphasis>
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The four death adder species, genus
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<taxonomicName id="4C692AAE877AA814FD12395EFCE7FBAD" authorityName="Daudin" authorityYear="1803" box="[668,795,1092,1116]" class="Reptilia" family="Elapidae" genus="Acanthophis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="6" pageNumber="167" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="B91D8D3F877AA814FD12395EFCE7FBAD" box="[668,795,1092,1116]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="167">Acanthophis</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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, whose valid nomina we discuss herein. (A)
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<taxonomicName id="4C692AAE877AA814FB7A395EFE8DFB71" authority="Maddock et al., 2015" authorityName="Maddock" authorityYear="2015" class="Reptilia" family="Elapidae" genus="Acanthophis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="6" pageNumber="167" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="cryptamydros">
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<emphasis id="B91D8D3F877AA814FB7A395EFA60FBAD" box="[1268,1436,1092,1116]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="167">A. cryptamydros</emphasis>
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<bibRefCitation id="EFF82CDC877AA814FF193972FE8DFB71" author="Maddock, S. T. & Ellis, R. J. & Doughty, P. & Smith, L. A. & Wuster, W." box="[151,369,1128,1152]" pageId="6" pageNumber="167" pagination="301 - 326" refId="ref8925" refString="Maddock, S. T., Ellis, R. J., Doughty, P., Smith, L. A. & Wuster, W. (2015) A new species of death adder (Acanthophis: Serpentes: Elapidae) from north-western Australia. Zootaxa, 4007 (3), 301 - 326. https: // doi. org / 10.11646 / zootaxa. 4007.3.1" type="journal article" year="2015">
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Maddock
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<emphasis id="B91D8D3F877AA814FF703973FECDFB71" box="[254,305,1128,1152]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="167">et al.</emphasis>
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, 2015
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</bibRefCitation>
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</taxonomicName>
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from the Mueller Ranges, ca. 110 km southwest of Halls Creek, Western Australia. (B)
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<taxonomicName id="4C692AAE877AA814FB7F3972FEF2FB55" authority="Boulenger, 1898" authorityName="Boulenger" authorityYear="1898" class="Reptilia" family="Elapidae" genus="Acanthophis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="6" pageNumber="167" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="pyrrhus">
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<emphasis id="B91D8D3F877AA814FB7F3972FAA7FB71" box="[1265,1371,1128,1152]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="167">A. pyrrhus</emphasis>
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<bibRefCitation id="EFF82CDC877AA814FAED3972FEF2FB55" author="Boulenger, G. A." pageId="6" pageNumber="167" pagination="75" refId="ref7435" refString="Boulenger, G. A. (1898) Description of a new death-adder (Acanthophis) from central Australia. Annals and Magazine of Natural History, Series 7, 2 (7), 75. https: // doi. org / 10.1080 / 00222939808678016" type="journal article" year="1898">Boulenger, 1898</bibRefCitation>
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</taxonomicName>
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from 40 km south of Port Hedland, Western Australia. (C)
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<taxonomicName id="4C692AAE877AA814FCEE3996FB33FB55" authority="Wells & Wellington, 1985" authorityName=", Wells & Wellington" authorityYear="1985" box="[864,1231,1164,1188]" class="Reptilia" family="Elapidae" genus="Acanthophis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="6" pageNumber="167" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="hawkei">
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<emphasis id="B91D8D3F877AA814FCEE3996FC3FFB55" box="[864,963,1164,1188]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="167">A. hawkei</emphasis>
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<bibRefCitation id="EFF82CDC877AA814FC463996FB33FB55" author="Wells, R. W. & Wellington, C. R." box="[968,1231,1164,1188]" pageId="6" pageNumber="167" pagination="1 - 61" refId="ref9592" refString="Wells, R. W. & Wellington, C. R. (1985) A classification of the Amphibia and Reptilia of Australia. Australian Journal of Herpetology Supplementary Series, 1, 1 - 61." type="journal article" year="1985">Wells & Wellington, 1985</bibRefCitation>
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</taxonomicName>
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from the Barkly Tableland, Northern Territory, Australia. (D)
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<taxonomicName id="4C692AAE877AA814FDC839AAFC32FB39" authority="(Shaw & Nodder, 1802)" baseAuthorityName="Shaw & Nodder" baseAuthorityYear="1802" box="[582,974,1200,1224]" class="Reptilia" family="Elapidae" genus="Acanthophis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="6" pageNumber="167" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="antarcticus">
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||
<emphasis id="B91D8D3F877AA814FDC839AAFD28FB39" box="[582,724,1200,1224]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="167">A. antarcticus</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFF82CDC877AA814FD6F39AAFC3BFB39" author="Shaw, G. & Nodder, F. P." box="[737,967,1200,1224]" pageId="6" pageNumber="167" pagination="1 - 2" refId="ref9090" refString="Shaw, G. & Nodder, F. P. (1802) Boa antarctica. The Naturalist's Miscellany, 13, 1 - 2 (unnumbered), pl. 535. https: // doi. org / 10.5962 / p. 310941" type="journal article" year="1802">Shaw & Nodder, 1802</bibRefCitation>
|
||
)
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
from Canning Dam, near Ashendon, Western Australia. Photos by Ray Lloyd (A, B, D) and Tom Parkin (C).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BD6512D877AA814FF493803FDB9FAC5" blockId="6.[199,1389,1305,1729]" box="[199,581,1305,1332]" pageId="6" pageNumber="167">
|
||
<emphasis id="B91D8D3F877AA814FF493803FDB9FAC5" bold="true" box="[199,581,1305,1332]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="167">
|
||
“
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C692AAE877AA814FF5B3803FE12FAC5" authority="Ellis & Kaiser & Maddock & Doughty & Wüster, 2021" authorityName="Ellis & Kaiser & Maddock & Doughty & Wüster" authorityYear="2021" box="[213,494,1305,1332]" class="Reptilia" family="Elapidae" genus="Acanthophis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="6" pageNumber="167" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="armstrongi" status="sp. nov.">Acanthophis armstrongi</taxonomicName>
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A22E3044877AA814FE7B3800FDB9FAC5" box="[501,581,1306,1332]" pageId="6" pageNumber="167" rank="species">sp.nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BD6512D877AA814FF493824FE6AFA8D" blockId="6.[199,1389,1305,1729]" pageId="6" pageNumber="167">
|
||
<materialsCitation id="3B015B70877AA814FF493824FE6AFA8D" accessionNumber="R61357" collectionCode="R" location="Western Australian Museum" municipality="An" pageId="6" pageNumber="167" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Western Australia" typeStatus="holotype">
|
||
<typeStatus id="54D2EF8F877AA814FF493824FEC8FAA9" box="[199,308,1342,1368]" pageId="6" pageNumber="167" type="holotype">Holotype</typeStatus>
|
||
:
|
||
<collectingMunicipality id="6BB2CB57877AA814FEB53824FEA1FAA9" box="[315,349,1342,1368]" pageId="6" pageNumber="167">An</collectingMunicipality>
|
||
adult specimen in the
|
||
<location id="8EB607F6877AA814FDDA3825FC6CFAA8" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03C0E03B8779A815FF193B40FB72FE3E:8EB607F6877AA814FDDA3825FC6CFAA8" box="[596,912,1342,1369]" municipality="An" name="Western Australian Museum" pageId="6" pageNumber="167" stateProvince="Western Australia">Western Australian Museum</location>
|
||
<collectionCode id="ED78C9E8877AA814FC183824FC55FAA8" box="[918,937,1342,1369]" country="Chile" name="Departamento de Geologia, Universidad de Chile" pageId="6" pageNumber="167">R</collectionCode>
|
||
61357. Collected at
|
||
<locationDeviation id="9A64480F877AA814FB093824FA94FAA9" box="[1159,1384,1342,1369]" location="East of Giralia" pageId="6" pageNumber="167">
|
||
<quantity id="4C91FCC8877AA814FB093824FB43FAA9" box="[1159,1215,1342,1369]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.0" pageId="6" pageNumber="167" unit="km" value="5.0">5 km</quantity>
|
||
East of Giralia
|
||
</locationDeviation>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectingRegion id="49AD9FCF877AA814FF493879FE6EFA8D" box="[199,402,1378,1405]" country="Australia" name="Western Australia" pageId="6" pageNumber="167">Western Australia</collectingRegion>
|
||
.
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BD6512D877AA814FF49389CFAD6F931" blockId="6.[199,1389,1305,1729]" pageId="6" pageNumber="167">
|
||
Diagnosis: A member of the
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C692AAE877AA814FD88389CFD0CFA51" authorityName="Boulenger" authorityYear="1898" box="[518,752,1414,1440]" class="Reptilia" family="Elapidae" genus="Acanthophis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="6" pageNumber="167" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="pyrrhus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B91D8D3F877AA814FD88389CFD0CFA51" box="[518,752,1414,1440]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="167">Acanthophis pyrrhus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
complex, readily distinguished by the excellent diagnostic illustations and data in the existing literature.
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFF82CDC877AA814FD6038B0FC22FA35" author="Storr, G. M." box="[750,990,1450,1476]" pageId="6" pageNumber="167" pagination="203 - 210" refId="ref9298" refString="Storr, G. M. (1981) The genus Acanthophis (Serpentes: Elapidae) in Western Australia. Records of the Western Australian Museum, 9, 203 - 210." type="journal article" year="1981">Storr (1981:207-208)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
provided a description of a species from north
|
||
<collectingRegion id="49AD9FCF877AA814FEC438D5FDF3FA19" box="[330,527,1486,1513]" country="Australia" name="Western Australia" pageId="6" pageNumber="167">western Australia</collectingRegion>
|
||
that he regarded as
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C692AAE877AA814FD7838D4FC1EFA19" authorityName="Boulenger" authorityYear="1898" box="[758,994,1486,1512]" class="Reptilia" family="Elapidae" genus="Acanthophis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="6" pageNumber="167" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="pyrrhus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B91D8D3F877AA814FD7838D4FC1EFA19" box="[758,994,1486,1512]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="167">Acanthophis pyrrhus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
. However, we consider that this is really an undescribed species, herein named
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C692AAE877AA814FD4138E8FC1CF9FD" authorityName="Ellis & Kaiser & Maddock & Doughty & Wüster" authorityYear="2021" box="[719,992,1522,1548]" class="Reptilia" family="Elapidae" genus="Acanthophis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="6" pageNumber="167" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="armstrongi">
|
||
<emphasis id="B91D8D3F877AA814FD4138E8FC1CF9FD" box="[719,992,1522,1548]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="167">Acanthophis armstrongi</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, and that the species
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C692AAE877AA814FB6E38E8FEE2F9C1" authorityName="Boulenger" authorityYear="1898" class="Reptilia" family="Elapidae" genus="Acanthophis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="6" pageNumber="167" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="pyrrhus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B91D8D3F877AA814FB6E38E8FEE2F9C1" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="167">Acanthophis pyrrhus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
is confined to central
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F37E11BD877AA814FDAF3B0CFD77F9C1" box="[545,651,1558,1584]" name="Australia" pageId="6" pageNumber="167">Australia</collectingCountry>
|
||
.
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C692AAE877AA814FD163B0CFC54F9C1" authorityName="Ellis & Kaiser & Maddock & Doughty & Wüster" authorityYear="2021" box="[664,936,1558,1584]" class="Reptilia" family="Elapidae" genus="Acanthophis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="6" pageNumber="167" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="armstrongi">
|
||
<emphasis id="B91D8D3F877AA814FD163B0CFC54F9C1" box="[664,936,1558,1584]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="167">Acanthophis armstrongi</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
is believed confined to the Pilbara and Kimberley regions of
|
||
<collectingRegion id="49AD9FCF877AA814FE343B21FD7CF9A5" box="[442,640,1594,1621]" country="Australia" name="Western Australia" pageId="6" pageNumber="167">Western Australia</collectingRegion>
|
||
and can be identified by referring to the illustrations in
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFF82CDC877AA814FB6B3B20FA95F9A5" author="Storr, G. M." box="[1253,1385,1594,1620]" pageId="6" pageNumber="167" pagination="203 - 210" refId="ref9298" refString="Storr, G. M. (1981) The genus Acanthophis (Serpentes: Elapidae) in Western Australia. Records of the Western Australian Museum, 9, 203 - 210." type="journal article" year="1981">Storr (1981</bibRefCitation>
|
||
: Fig.3) and Gow (1983: Plate 15, (upper), specimen from Port Hedland,
|
||
<collectingRegion id="49AD9FCF877AA814FC633B45FB49F989" box="[1005,1205,1630,1657]" country="Australia" name="Western Australia" pageId="6" pageNumber="167">Western Australia</collectingRegion>
|
||
vide Gow, pers. comm.). A comparative illustration of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C692AAE877AA814FDFB3B98FCA3F96D" authorityName="Boulenger" authorityYear="1898" box="[629,863,1666,1692]" class="Reptilia" family="Elapidae" genus="Acanthophis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="6" pageNumber="167" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="pyrrhus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B91D8D3F877AA814FDFB3B98FCA3F96D" box="[629,863,1666,1692]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="167">Acanthophis pyrrhus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
can be found in
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFF82CDC877AA814FB953B98FB47F96D" author="Cogger, H. G." box="[1051,1211,1666,1692]" pageId="6" pageNumber="167" refId="ref7692" refString="Cogger, H. G. (1983) Reptiles and Amphibians of Australia. Third Edition. Reed Books, Sydney, New South Wales, 660 pp." type="book" year="1983">Cogger (1983</bibRefCitation>
|
||
: Plate 765 from Alice Springs,
|
||
<collectingRegion id="49AD9FCF877AA814FEE03BBCFDBFF930" box="[366,579,1702,1729]" country="Australia" name="Northern Territory" pageId="6" pageNumber="167">Northern Territory</collectingRegion>
|
||
). Etymology: Named for Neil Armstrong, first man on the Moon.”
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BD6512D877AA815FF493BF4FB72FE3E" blockId="6.[151,1437,1774,2017]" lastBlockId="7.[151,1437,150,464]" lastPageId="7" lastPageNumber="168" pageId="6" pageNumber="167">
|
||
The name
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C692AAE877AA814FEB53BF4FE28F8F9" authorityName="Ellis & Kaiser & Maddock & Doughty & Wüster" authorityYear="2021" box="[315,468,1774,1800]" class="Reptilia" family="Elapidae" genus="Acanthophis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="6" pageNumber="167" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="armstrongi">
|
||
<emphasis id="B91D8D3F877AA814FEB53BF4FE28F8F9" box="[315,468,1774,1800]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="167">A. armstrongi</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
is unavailable for the same reasons we outlined for
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C692AAE877AA814FB813BF4FB61F8F9" authorityName=", Wells & Wellington" authorityYear="1985" box="[1039,1181,1774,1800]" class="Reptilia" family="Elapidae" genus="Acanthophis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="6" pageNumber="167" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="lancasteri">
|
||
<emphasis id="B91D8D3F877AA814FB813BF4FB61F8F9" box="[1039,1181,1774,1800]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="167">A. lancasteri</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
. Gow (1983) and
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFF82CDC877AA814FAEA3BF4FEF7F8DD" author="Cogger, H. G." pageId="6" pageNumber="167" refId="ref7692" refString="Cogger, H. G. (1983) Reptiles and Amphibians of Australia. Third Edition. Reed Books, Sydney, New South Wales, 660 pp." type="book" year="1983">Cogger (1983)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
are only cited as sources for images and have no bearing on establishing the nomen. In
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFF82CDC877AA814FB5B3A08FA6BF8DD" author="Storr, G. M." box="[1237,1431,1810,1836]" pageId="6" pageNumber="167" pagination="203 - 210" refId="ref9298" refString="Storr, G. M. (1981) The genus Acanthophis (Serpentes: Elapidae) in Western Australia. Records of the Western Australian Museum, 9, 203 - 210." type="journal article" year="1981">Storr (1981: 207)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
, the only possibility to validate the name according to Article 13.1.2., an account for
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C692AAE877AA814FBBA3A2CFF33F885" authority="Boulenger, 1898" authorityName="Boulenger" authorityYear="1898" class="Reptilia" family="Elapidae" genus="Acanthophis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="6" pageNumber="167" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="pyrrhus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B91D8D3F877AA814FBBA3A2CFAE0F8A1" box="[1076,1308,1846,1872]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="167">Acanthophis pyrrhus</emphasis>
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFF82CDC877AA814FAAC3A2CFF33F885" author="Boulenger, G. A." pageId="6" pageNumber="167" pagination="75" refId="ref7435" refString="Boulenger, G. A. (1898) Description of a new death-adder (Acanthophis) from central Australia. Annals and Magazine of Natural History, Series 7, 2 (7), 75. https: // doi. org / 10.1080 / 00222939808678016" type="journal article" year="1898">Boulenger, 1898</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
begins halfway down the page. Storr provided what he inappropriately termed a “diagnosis,” which in actuality is a paragraph listing the features of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C692AAE877AA814FDD83A64FD30F869" authorityName="Boulenger" authorityYear="1898" box="[598,716,1918,1944]" class="Reptilia" family="Elapidae" genus="Acanthophis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="6" pageNumber="167" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="pyrrhus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B91D8D3F877AA814FDD83A64FD30F869" box="[598,716,1918,1944]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="167">A. pyrrhus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(i.e., a description in the meaning of the
|
||
<emphasis id="B91D8D3F877AA814FB153A64FB2AF869" box="[1179,1238,1918,1944]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="167">Code</emphasis>
|
||
’s Glossary). This description is based on specimens from four land divisions of
|
||
<collectingRegion id="49AD9FCF877AA814FCD13AB9FBD5F84D" box="[863,1065,1954,1981]" country="Australia" name="Western Australia" pageId="6" pageNumber="167">Western Australia</collectingRegion>
|
||
(Kimberley, North-West, South- West, Eastern), listed on the following page (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFF82CDC877AA814FD013ADCFCB9F811" author="Storr, G. M." box="[655,837,1990,2016]" pageId="6" pageNumber="167" pagination="203 - 210" refId="ref9298" refString="Storr, G. M. (1981) The genus Acanthophis (Serpentes: Elapidae) in Western Australia. Records of the Western Australian Museum, 9, 203 - 210." type="journal article" year="1981">Storr 1981: 208</bibRefCitation>
|
||
). As in the case of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C692AAE877AA814FB973ADCFB12F811" authority=", Storr" authorityName="Storr" box="[1049,1262,1990,2017]" class="Reptilia" family="Elapidae" genus="Acanthophis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="6" pageNumber="167" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="lancasteri">
|
||
<emphasis id="B91D8D3F877AA814FB973ADCFB54F811" box="[1049,1192,1990,2016]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="167">A. lancasteri</emphasis>
|
||
, Storr
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
was describing
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C692AAE877BA815FF193D8DFEF1FF40" authorityName="Boulenger" authorityYear="1898" box="[151,269,151,177]" class="Reptilia" family="Elapidae" genus="Acanthophis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="7" pageNumber="168" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="pyrrhus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B91D8D3F877BA815FF193D8DFEF1FF40" box="[151,269,151,177]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="168">A. pyrrhus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, not a subset thereof. Thus, there is no description “purported to differentiate
|
||
<emphasis id="B91D8D3F877BA815FBF83D8CFB1EFF40" bold="true" box="[1142,1250,150,177]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="168">the taxon</emphasis>
|
||
,” as required by Article 13.1.1. Furthermore, as in the case of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C692AAE877BA815FD1C3DA1FBF0FF24" authority=", Wells & Wellington" authorityName=", Wells & Wellington" authorityYear="1985" box="[658,1036,187,213]" class="Reptilia" family="Elapidae" genus="Acanthophis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="7" pageNumber="168" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="lancasteri">
|
||
<emphasis id="B91D8D3F877BA815FD1C3DA1FCDDFF24" box="[658,801,187,213]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="168">A. lancasteri</emphasis>
|
||
, Wells & Wellington
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
themselves regarded the specimens and populations described by
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFF82CDC877BA815FE6C3DC5FD96FF08" author="Storr, G. M." box="[482,618,223,249]" pageId="7" pageNumber="168" pagination="203 - 210" refId="ref9298" refString="Storr, G. M. (1981) The genus Acanthophis (Serpentes: Elapidae) in Western Australia. Records of the Western Australian Museum, 9, 203 - 210." type="journal article" year="1981">Storr (1981)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
as polyspecific: only the specimens from the Kimberley and Pilbara were regarded as
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C692AAE877BA815FEAE3C19FE47FEED" authorityName="Ellis & Kaiser & Maddock & Doughty & Wüster" authorityYear="2021" box="[288,443,259,285]" class="Reptilia" family="Elapidae" genus="Acanthophis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="7" pageNumber="168" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="armstrongi">
|
||
<emphasis id="B91D8D3F877BA815FEAE3C19FE47FEED" box="[288,443,259,285]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="168">A. armstrongi</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, yet the set of specimens on which the “diagnosis” of Storr is based pertains to a mixed sample that also includes material that Wells & Wellington explicitly excluded from
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C692AAE877BA815FBCE3C3DFB25FEB1" authorityName="Ellis & Kaiser & Maddock & Doughty & Wüster" authorityYear="2021" box="[1088,1241,295,321]" class="Reptilia" family="Elapidae" genus="Acanthophis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="7" pageNumber="168" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="armstrongi">
|
||
<emphasis id="B91D8D3F877BA815FBCE3C3DFB25FEB1" box="[1088,1241,295,321]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="168">A. armstrongi</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
. As in the case of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C692AAE877BA815FF193C51FEDBFE94" authorityName=", Wells & Wellington" authorityYear="1985" box="[151,295,331,357]" class="Reptilia" family="Elapidae" genus="Acanthophis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="7" pageNumber="168" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="lancasteri">
|
||
<emphasis id="B91D8D3F877BA815FF193C51FEDBFE94" box="[151,295,331,357]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="168">A. lancasteri</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, a description of a sample explicitly stated to consist of multiple species cannot be used to differentiate only one of them (i.e.,
|
||
<emphasis id="B91D8D3F877BA815FE4D3C74FD8AFE79" box="[451,630,366,393]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="168">
|
||
<emphasis id="B91D8D3F877BA815FE4D3C74FDCCFE78" bold="true" box="[451,560,366,393]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="168">the taxon</emphasis>
|
||
sensu
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
Article 13.1.). This therefore confirms the views of
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFF82CDC877BA815FB483C75FAADFE78" author="Shea, G. M." box="[1222,1361,367,393]" pageId="7" pageNumber="168" pagination="257 - 261" refId="ref9136" refString="Shea, G. M. (1987) Comment on the proposed suppression for nomenclatural purposes of three works by Richard W. Wells and C. Ross Wellington (Case 2531; see BZN 44: 116 - 121). Bulletin of Zoological Nomenclature, 44, 257 - 261. https: // doi. org / 10.5962 / bhl. part. 349" type="journal article" year="1987">Shea (1987)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
, Aplin (1999), and
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFF82CDC877BA815FEAE3C89FDB1FE5C" author="Aplin, K. P. & Donnellan, S. C." box="[288,589,403,429]" pageId="7" pageNumber="168" pagination="277 - 298" refId="ref7263" refString="Aplin, K. P. & Donnellan, S. C. (1999) An extended description of the Pilbara death adder, Acanthophis wellsi Hoser (Serpentes: Elapidae), with notes on the desert death adder, A. pyrrhus Boulenger, and identification of a possible hybrid zone. Records of the Western Australian Museum, 19, 277 - 298." type="journal article" year="1999">Aplin & Donnellan (1999)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
that
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C692AAE877BA815FD093C89FB3AFE5C" authority="Wells & Wellington, 1985" authorityName="Wells & Wellington" authorityYear="1985" box="[647,1222,402,429]" class="Reptilia" family="Elapidae" genus="Acanthophis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="7" pageNumber="168" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="armstrongi">
|
||
<emphasis id="B91D8D3F877BA815FD093C89FC6AFE5D" box="[647,918,403,429]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="168">Acanthophis armstrongi</emphasis>
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFF82CDC877BA815FC113C89FB3AFE5C" author="Wells, R. W. & Wellington, C. R." box="[927,1222,402,429]" pageId="7" pageNumber="168" pagination="1 - 61" refId="ref9592" refString="Wells, R. W. & Wellington, C. R. (1985) A classification of the Amphibia and Reptilia of Australia. Australian Journal of Herpetology Supplementary Series, 1, 1 - 61." type="journal article" year="1985">Wells & Wellington, 1985</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
is a
|
||
<emphasis id="B91D8D3F877BA815FB733C89FA60FE5C" box="[1277,1436,403,429]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="168">nomen nudum</emphasis>
|
||
under the
|
||
<emphasis id="B91D8D3F877BA815FE893CAFFEBEFE3E" box="[263,322,437,463]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="168">Code</emphasis>
|
||
. The current valid name of these snake populations is
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C692AAE877BA815FC2A3CACFBE6FE3E" authorityName="Boulenger" authorityYear="1898" box="[932,1050,437,464]" class="Reptilia" family="Elapidae" genus="Acanthophis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="7" pageNumber="168" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="pyrrhus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B91D8D3F877BA815FC2A3CACFBE6FE3E" box="[932,1050,437,464]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="168">A. pyrrhus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(
|
||
<figureCitation id="13524DA8877BA815FBA73CAFFB7CFE3E" box="[1065,1152,437,463]" captionStart="FIGURE 1" captionStartId="6.[151,250,1092,1116]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,179,1066]" captionTargetId="figure-22@6.[151,1436,179,1066]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="FIGURE 1. The four death adder species, genus Acanthophis, whose valid nomina we discuss herein. (A) A. cryptamydros Maddock et al., 2015 from the Mueller Ranges, ca. 110 km southwest of Halls Creek, Western Australia. (B) A. pyrrhus Boulenger, 1898 from 40 km south of Port Hedland, Western Australia. (C) A. hawkei Wells & Wellington, 1985 from the Barkly Tableland, Northern Territory, Australia. (D) A. antarcticus (Shaw & Nodder, 1802) from Canning Dam, near Ashendon, Western Australia. Photos by Ray Lloyd (A, B, D) and Tom Parkin (C)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5043908" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5043908/files/figure.png" pageId="7" pageNumber="168">Fig. 1B</figureCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |