187 lines
15 KiB
XML
187 lines
15 KiB
XML
<document ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6458594" ID-GBIF-Dataset="adeeb71f-7f8d-4e00-bc9f-35089363f76e" ID-ISBN="978-84-16728-19-0" ID-Zenodo-Dep="6458594" approvalRequired="120" approvalRequired_for_taxonomicNames="95" approvalRequired_for_treatments="25" checkinTime="1600878147105" checkinUser="plazi" docAuthor="Don E. Wilson & Russell A. Mittermeier" docDate="2019" docId="03A687BCFFEBFFEA1694F5C9FDF8F660" docLanguage="en" docName="hbmw_9_Phyllostomidae_444.pdf.imf" docOrigin="Handbook of the Mammals of the World – Volume 9 Bats, Barcelona: Lynx Edicions" docTitle="Artibeus schwartzi" docType="treatment" docVersion="9" lastPageNumber="575" masterDocId="FF9FFFC4FFB1FFB1133CFFBAFFE0F244" masterDocTitle="Phyllostomidae" masterLastPageNumber="583" masterPageNumber="444" pageNumber="574" updateTime="1656353518553" updateUser="ExternalLinkService">
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<mods:mods xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
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<mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:title>Phyllostomidae</mods:title>
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</mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart>Don E. Wilson</mods:namePart>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart>Russell A. Mittermeier</mods:namePart>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:typeOfResource>text</mods:typeOfResource>
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<mods:relatedItem type="host">
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<mods:originInfo>
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<mods:dateIssued>2019</mods:dateIssued>
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<mods:dateOther type="pubDate">2019-10-31</mods:dateOther>
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<mods:publisher>Lynx Edicions</mods:publisher>
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<mods:place>
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<mods:placeTerm>Barcelona</mods:placeTerm>
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</mods:place>
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</mods:originInfo>
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<mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:title>Handbook of the Mammals of the World – Volume 9 Bats</mods:title>
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</mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:part>
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<mods:extent unit="page">
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<mods:start>444</mods:start>
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<mods:end>583</mods:end>
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</mods:extent>
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</mods:part>
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</mods:relatedItem>
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<mods:classification>book chapter</mods:classification>
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<mods:identifier type="DOI">http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6458594</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier type="GBIF-Dataset">adeeb71f-7f8d-4e00-bc9f-35089363f76e</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier type="ISBN">978-84-16728-19-0</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier type="Zenodo-Dep">6458594</mods:identifier>
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<treatment ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6761665" ID-Zenodo-Dep="6761665" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03A687BCFFEBFFEA1694F5C9FDF8F660" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/03A687BCFFEBFFEA1694F5C9FDF8F660" lastPageId="91" lastPageNumber="575" pageId="90" pageNumber="574">
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<paragraph blockId="90.[1444,2489,2675,2765]" box="[1448,1528,2675,2721]" pageId="90" pageNumber="574">
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<heading box="[1448,1528,2675,2721]" pageId="90" pageNumber="574">
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<figureCitation box="[1448,1528,2675,2721]" captionStart="Plate 44: Phyllostomidae" captionStartId="87.[142,171,3248,3273]" captionTargetBox="[12,2759,16,3658]" captionTargetPageId="86" captionText="187. Brown Fruit-eating Bat (Artibeus concolor), 188. Honduran Fruit-eating Bat (Artibeus inopinatus), 189. Fraternal Fruit-eating Bat (Artibeus fraterculus), 190. Hairy Fruit-eating Bat (Artibeus hirsutus), 192. Ecuadorian Fruit-eating Bat (Artibeus aequatorialis), 193. Jamaican Fruit-eating Bat (Artibeus jamaicenss), 194. Dark Fruit-eating Bat (Artibeus obscurus), 195. Schwartz’s Fruit-eating Bat (Artibeus schwartzi), 196. Great Fruit-eating Bat (Artibeus lLituratus), 197. Large Fruit-eating Bat (Artibeus amplus), 198. Flat-faced Fruit-eating Bat (Artibeus planirostris), 199. Rosenberg’s Fruit-eating Bat (Artibeus rosenberg), 200. Thomas's Fruit-eating Bat (Artibeus watsoni), 201. Toltec Fruit-eating Bat (Artibeus toltecus), 202. Pygmy Fruit-eating Bat (Artibeus phaeotis), 203. Gervais’s Fruit-eating Bat (Artibeus cinereus), 204. Andersen’s Fruit-eating Bat (Artibeus anderseni), 205. Little Fruit-eating Bat (Artibeus ravus), 206. Aztec Fruit-eating Bat (Artibeus aztecus), 207. Bogota Fruit-eating Bat (Artibeus bogotensis), 208. Silvery Fruit-eating Bat (Artibeus glaucus), 209. Dwarf Fruit-eating Bat (Artibeus gnomus), 210. Jamaican Fig-eating Bat (Ariteus flavescens), 211. Tree Bat (Ardops nichollsi), 212. Red Fruit Bat (Stenoderma rufum), 213. Wrinkle-faced Bat (Centurio senex), 214. Ipanema Broad-nosed Bat (Pygoderma bilabiatum), 215. Visored Bat (Sphaeronycteris toxophyllum), 216. Little White-shouldered Bat (Ametrida centurio), 217. Cuban Fig-eating Bat (Phyllops falcatus)" figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6459039" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6459039/files/figure.png" pageId="90" pageNumber="574">195.</figureCitation>
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</heading>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection box="[1545,2096,2675,2721]" pageId="90" pageNumber="574" type="vernacular_names">
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<paragraph blockId="90.[1444,2489,2675,2765]" box="[1545,2096,2675,2721]" pageId="90" pageNumber="574">
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<heading box="[1545,2096,2675,2721]" pageId="90" pageNumber="574">
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<vernacularName box="[1545,2096,2675,2721]" pageId="90" pageNumber="574">Schwartz’s Fruit-eating Bat</vernacularName>
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</heading>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection box="[2162,2488,2675,2721]" pageId="90" pageNumber="574" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph blockId="90.[1444,2489,2675,2765]" box="[2162,2488,2675,2721]" pageId="90" pageNumber="574">
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<heading box="[2162,2488,2675,2721]" pageId="90" pageNumber="574">
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<taxonomicName baseAuthorityName="J.K. Jones" baseAuthorityYear="1978" box="[2162,2488,2675,2721]" class="Mammalia" family="Phyllostomidae" genus="Artibeus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Chiroptera" pageId="90" pageNumber="574" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="schwartzi">
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<emphasis box="[2162,2488,2675,2721]" italics="true" pageId="90" pageNumber="574">Artibeus schwartzi</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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</heading>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection box="[1445,2400,2739,2760]" pageId="90" pageNumber="574" type="vernacular_names">
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<paragraph blockId="90.[1444,2489,2675,2765]" box="[1445,2400,2739,2760]" pageId="90" pageNumber="574">
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<heading box="[1445,2400,2739,2760]" pageId="90" pageNumber="574">
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<emphasis bold="true" box="[1445,1520,2739,2760]" pageId="90" pageNumber="574">French:</emphasis>
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<vernacularName box="[1528,1731,2739,2760]" pageId="90" pageNumber="574">Artibée de Schwartz</vernacularName>
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/
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<emphasis bold="true" box="[1751,1842,2739,2760]" pageId="90" pageNumber="574">German:</emphasis>
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<vernacularName box="[1851,2077,2739,2760]" pageId="90" pageNumber="574">Schwartz-Fruchtvampir</vernacularName>
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/
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<emphasis bold="true" box="[2098,2189,2739,2760]" pageId="90" pageNumber="574">Spanish:</emphasis>
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<vernacularName box="[2197,2400,2739,2760]" pageId="90" pageNumber="574">Artibeo de Schwartz</vernacularName>
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</heading>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="90" pageNumber="574" type="reference_group">
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<paragraph blockId="90.[2051,2651,2806,3235]" pageId="90" pageNumber="574">
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<emphasis bold="true" box="[2056,2209,2806,2839]" pageId="90" pageNumber="574">Taxonomy.</emphasis>
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<taxonomicName authority="J. K. Jones, 1978" authorityName="J. K. Jones" authorityYear="1978" class="Mammalia" family="Phyllostomidae" genus="Artibeus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Chiroptera" pageId="90" pageNumber="574" phylum="Chordata" rank="subSpecies" species="jamaicensis" subSpecies="schwartz">Artibeus jamaicensis schwartz J. K. Jones, 1978</taxonomicName>
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,
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<materialsCitation pageId="90" pageNumber="574">
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“
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<collectingCountry box="[2344,2530,2847,2880]" name="Iraq" pageId="90" pageNumber="574">Mesopotamia</collectingCountry>
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, 350 fi. [=
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<quantity box="[2106,2201,2890,2919]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.0699999999999998" pageId="90" pageNumber="574" unit="m" value="107.0">107 m</quantity>
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],
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<collectingRegion box="[2235,2468,2890,2919]" country="Saint Vincent and the Grenadines" name="Charlotte" pageId="90" pageNumber="574">Charlotte Parish</collectingRegion>
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,
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<collectingCountry box="[2491,2649,2890,2919]" name="Saint Vincent and the Grenadines" pageId="90" pageNumber="574">St. Vincent</collectingCountry>
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(Lesser Antilles).”
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</materialsCitation>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="90" pageNumber="574" type="discussion">
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<paragraph blockId="90.[2051,2651,2806,3235]" lastBlockId="90.[1441,2647,3239,3471]" pageId="90" pageNumber="574">
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<taxonomicName box="[2056,2288,2965,2998]" class="Mammalia" family="Phyllostomidae" genus="Artibeus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Chiroptera" pageId="90" pageNumber="574" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="schwartzi">Artibeus schwartzi</taxonomicName>
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is in subgenus
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<taxonomicName box="[2505,2611,2965,2998]" class="Mammalia" family="Phyllostomidae" genus="Artibeus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Chiroptera" pageId="90" pageNumber="574" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">Artibeus</taxonomicName>
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. It was long considered a subspecies, but its distinction was validated through phylogenetic analyses. Later,its possible hybrid origin was proposed, with nuclear genome resulting from admixture of genomes of extant species A.
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<taxonomicName box="[2305,2455,3202,3235]" class="Mammalia" family="Phyllostomidae" genus="Artibeus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Chiroptera" pageId="90" pageNumber="574" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="jamaicensis">jamaicensis</taxonomicName>
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and A.
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<taxonomicName class="Mammalia" family="Phyllostomidae" genus="Artibeus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Chiroptera" pageId="90" pageNumber="574" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="planirostris">planirostris</taxonomicName>
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. Monotypic.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="90" pageNumber="574" type="distribution">
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<caption ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6458985" ID-Zenodo-Dep="6458985" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6458985/files/figure.png" inLine="true" pageId="90" pageNumber="574" targetBox="[1441,2032,2815,3229]" targetPageId="90">
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<paragraph blockId="90.[1441,2647,3239,3471]" pageId="90" pageNumber="574">
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<emphasis bold="true" box="[1442,1619,3288,3313]" pageId="90" pageNumber="574">Distribution.</emphasis>
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Known only from the Lesser Antilles, including
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<collectingCountry box="[2308,2415,3288,3313]" name="Saint Kitts and Nevis" pageId="90" pageNumber="574">St. Kitts</collectingCountry>
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,
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<collectingCountry box="[2432,2508,3288,3313]" name="Saint Kitts and Nevis" pageId="90" pageNumber="574">Nevis</collectingCountry>
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,
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<collectingCountry name="Montserrat" pageId="90" pageNumber="574">Montserrat</collectingCountry>
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,
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<collectingCountry box="[1499,1621,3328,3353]" name="Saint Lucia" pageId="90" pageNumber="574">St. Lucia</collectingCountry>
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,
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<collectingCountry box="[1638,1793,3328,3353]" name="Saint Vincent and the Grenadines" pageId="90" pageNumber="574">St. Vincent</collectingCountry>
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,
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<collectingCountry box="[1809,2026,3328,3353]" name="Saint Vincent and the Grenadines" pageId="90" pageNumber="574">the Grenadines</collectingCountry>
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(Union and Carriacou), and
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<collectingCountry box="[2447,2568,3328,3353]" name="Grenada" pageId="90" pageNumber="574">Grenada</collectingCountry>
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Is.
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</paragraph>
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</caption>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection lastPageId="91" lastPageNumber="575" pageId="90" pageNumber="574" type="description">
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<paragraph blockId="90.[1441,2647,3239,3471]" lastBlockId="91.[120,1329,277,1063]" lastPageId="91" lastPageNumber="575" pageId="90" pageNumber="574">
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<emphasis bold="true" box="[1442,1686,3358,3391]" pageId="90" pageNumber="574">Descriptive notes.</emphasis>
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Head—body 85-96 mm (tailless), ear 19-24 mm, hindfoot 18-22 mm, forearm 60-67 mm; weight 42-46 g. Schwartz’s Fruit-eating Batis large, with dorsal fur varying from dark brownish to grayish brown and hairs over shoulders paler. Furis short and dense. Facial stripes are grayish white and indistinct. Venter is dark brownish, washed with gray. Hairs have pale bases, dark subterminal band, and whitish or gray tips. Wings are brownish, paler at tips. Uropatagium is broad, with marked V-shaped groove, wide margin, and sparse hair. Dental formulas 12/2, C1/1,P 2/2, M 3/3 (
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<date box="[1122,1155,400,429]" pageId="91" pageNumber="575">x2</date>
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) = 32. Skull is large and massive, lacking distinct supraorbital shield typical of the Great Fruit-eating Bat (A. lLituratus). M? is usually absent (only present in 12:9% of known specimens).
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="91" pageNumber="575" type="biology_ecology">
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<paragraph blockId="91.[120,1329,277,1063]" pageId="91" pageNumber="575">
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<emphasis bold="true" box="[121,232,514,547]" pageId="91" pageNumber="575">Habitat.</emphasis>
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Humid forests and mangroves but now mostly transformed landscapes with farmlands, fruit (banana) groves, and residential areas from sea level to elevations of c.
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<quantity box="[141,235,601,626]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.2" pageId="91" pageNumber="575" unit="m" value="120.0">120 m</quantity>
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. Schwartz’s Fruit-eating Bats is usually recorded near streams, wet areas, and fruit groves.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection box="[121,1108,672,705]" pageId="91" pageNumber="575" type="food_feeding">
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<paragraph blockId="91.[120,1329,277,1063]" box="[121,1108,672,705]" pageId="91" pageNumber="575">
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<emphasis bold="true" box="[121,383,672,705]" pageId="91" pageNumber="575">Food and Feeding.</emphasis>
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Schwartz's Fruit-eating Bat is primarily frugivorous.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="91" pageNumber="575" type="breeding">
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<paragraph blockId="91.[120,1329,277,1063]" pageId="91" pageNumber="575">
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<emphasis bold="true" box="[122,255,711,744]" pageId="91" pageNumber="575">Breeding.</emphasis>
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One juvenile and two subadult (non-reproductive) Schwartz’s Fruit-eating Bats were recorded at late August.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection box="[120,1314,790,823]" pageId="91" pageNumber="575" type="activity">
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<paragraph blockId="91.[120,1329,277,1063]" box="[120,1314,790,823]" pageId="91" pageNumber="575">
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<emphasis bold="true" box="[120,355,790,823]" pageId="91" pageNumber="575">Activity patterns.</emphasis>
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Schwartz's Fruit-eating Bats are thought to roosts in caves and trees.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="91" pageNumber="575" type="biology_ecology">
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<paragraph blockId="91.[120,1329,277,1063]" pageId="91" pageNumber="575">
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<emphasis bold="true" box="[122,819,829,862]" pageId="91" pageNumber="575">Movements, Home range and Social organization.</emphasis>
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Schwartz's Fruit-eating Bats are gregarious.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="91" pageNumber="575" type="conservation">
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<paragraph blockId="91.[120,1329,277,1063]" pageId="91" pageNumber="575">
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<emphasis bold="true" box="[122,474,908,941]" pageId="91" pageNumber="575">Status and Conservation.</emphasis>
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Classified as Data Deficient on The IUCN Red List. Information on population status and distribution of Schwartz’s Fruit-eating Bat are lacking.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="91" pageNumber="575" type="bibRefCitation_list">
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<paragraph blockId="91.[120,1329,277,1063]" pageId="91" pageNumber="575">
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<emphasis bold="true" box="[122,275,996,1021]" pageId="91" pageNumber="575">Bibliography.</emphasis>
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Jones (1978), Larsen, Hoofer et al. (2007), Larsen, Marchan-Rivadeneira & Baker (2010a), Pedersen et al. (2013), Pumo et al. (1996).
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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</treatment>
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</document> |