313 lines
46 KiB
XML
313 lines
46 KiB
XML
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<mods:title id="DD5FCEF0DC386BED74AAA7B7DA6C3120">The Early Cretaceous Mesofossil Flora Of Torres Vedras (Ne Of Forte Da Forca), Portugal: A Palaeofloristic Analysis Of An Early Angiosperm Community</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="3A4AEFDD153A255A3AB33339EE561FCC">Friis, Else Marie</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="A5AF5492C2677D16D384BE186C610C53">Crane, Peter R.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="34E57EC9DE8B62B6C43CBD5482FB169C">Pedersen, Kaj Raunsgaard</mods:namePart>
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<mods:title id="42D5D0A9345A6DA47C784D2BF0ABB44D">Fossil Imprint</mods:title>
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<mods:date id="D48BA34E56928B90F347FB71E4867235">2019</mods:date>
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<treatment id="0396DC10BF15C21DCEC9B0BAE6E21E71" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:0396DC10BF15C21DCEC9B0BAE6E21E71" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/0396DC10BF15C21DCEC9B0BAE6E21E71" lastPageId="30" lastPageNumber="183" pageId="26" pageNumber="179">
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<heading id="D0C8DA6ABF15C219CEC9B0BAE27F1A99" centered="true" fontSize="8" level="2" pageId="26" pageNumber="179" reason="2">
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<emphasis id="B94BB114BF15C219CEC9B0BAE27F1A99" bold="true" pageId="26" pageNumber="179">
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<taxonomicName id="4C3F1685BF15C219CEC9B0BAE3D31A97" authority="E.M.FRIIS, P.R.CRANE et K.R.PEDERSEN" authorityName="E. M. FRIIS, P. R. CRANE et K. R. PEDERSEN" authorityYear="2019" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Chloranthaceae" genus="Canrightia" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" order="Chloranthales" pageId="26" pageNumber="179" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="elongata" status="sp. nov.">
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<emphasis id="B94BB114BF15C219CEC9B0BAE3171AF6" bold="true" box="[913,1135,1679,1703]" italics="true" pageId="26" pageNumber="179">Canrightia elongata</emphasis>
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E.M.FRIIS, P.R.CRANE et K.R.PEDERSEN
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</taxonomicName>
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<taxonomicNameLabel id="A2780C6FBF15C219C9EAB085E27F1A99" box="[1202,1287,1712,1736]" pageId="26" pageNumber="179" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
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</emphasis>
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</heading>
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8B806D06BF15C219C961B0E5E3A31AB8" blockId="26.[1081,1243,1744,1769]" box="[1081,1243,1744,1769]" pageId="26" pageNumber="179">
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<figureCitation id="13047183BF15C219C961B0E5E3A31AB8" box="[1081,1243,1744,1769]" captionStart="Text-fig" captionStartId="29.[125,204,1917,1938]" captionTargetBox="[126,1440,151,1893]" captionTargetId="figure-21@29.[123,796,838,1414]" captionTargetPageId="29" captionText="Text-fig. 17. Scanning electron microscope (SEM) and synchrotron radiation X-ray tomographic microscopy (SRXTM) images of a fruit of Canrightia elongata sp. nov. (a–g) and isolated Canrightia-like seeds (h–j); Torres Vedras locality, Portugal. a–c) Holotype; fruit in lateral view showing four fused tepals at the base (c, upper arrowheads) and prominent cavities in the fruit wall formed by scattered oil bodies and possible subtending bract (c, lower arrowhead); d) Transverse section (SRXTM orthoslice xy1510) through the fruit showing three locules, one with the remains of the endothelium (top left, 1), the other two (2, 3) with remains of presumed endosperm tissue; note that the locule to the right (3) is crushed; e, f) Radial longitudinal (e; SRXTM orthoslice xz1212)" figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5386259" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5386259/files/figure.png" pageId="26" pageNumber="179">Text-fig. 17a–g</figureCitation>
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<subSubSection id="C3253E8DBF15C21DCE29B135E6E21E71" lastPageId="30" lastPageNumber="183" pageId="26" pageNumber="179" type="description">
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<paragraph id="8B806D06BF15C219CE29B135E3B21B69" blockId="26.[843,1482,1792,1848]" pageId="26" pageNumber="179">
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H o l o t y p e. Designated here. S174100 (Torres Vedras sample 38; figured
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<figureCitation id="13047183BF15C219C940B115E3C61B69" box="[1048,1214,1824,1848]" captionStart="Text-fig" captionStartId="29.[125,204,1917,1938]" captionTargetBox="[126,1440,151,1893]" captionTargetId="figure-21@29.[123,796,838,1414]" captionTargetPageId="29" captionText="Text-fig. 17. Scanning electron microscope (SEM) and synchrotron radiation X-ray tomographic microscopy (SRXTM) images of a fruit of Canrightia elongata sp. nov. (a–g) and isolated Canrightia-like seeds (h–j); Torres Vedras locality, Portugal. a–c) Holotype; fruit in lateral view showing four fused tepals at the base (c, upper arrowheads) and prominent cavities in the fruit wall formed by scattered oil bodies and possible subtending bract (c, lower arrowhead); d) Transverse section (SRXTM orthoslice xy1510) through the fruit showing three locules, one with the remains of the endothelium (top left, 1), the other two (2, 3) with remains of presumed endosperm tissue; note that the locule to the right (3) is crushed; e, f) Radial longitudinal (e; SRXTM orthoslice xz1212)" figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5386259" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5386259/files/figure.png" pageId="26" pageNumber="179">Text-fig. 17a–g</figureCitation>
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).
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<paragraph id="8B806D06BF15C219CE29B165E2BF1B36" blockId="26.[843,1479,1872,1928]" box="[881,1479,1872,1896]" pageId="26" pageNumber="179">P l a n t F o s s i l N a m e s R e g i s t r y N u m b e r.</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8B806D06BF15C219CE13B145E3E91BD9" blockId="26.[843,1479,1872,1928]" box="[843,1169,1904,1928]" pageId="26" pageNumber="179">PFN000456 (for new species).</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8B806D06BF15C219CDCBB1FAE4AB144F" blockId="26.[147,1463,1999,2078]" pageId="26" pageNumber="179">
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<emphasis id="B94BB114BF15C219CDCBB1FAE4AB144F" bold="true" pageId="26" pageNumber="179">
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exotestal seeds resembling
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<taxonomicName id="4C3F1685BF15C219CCF8B1FAE5D61BB5" authority="Friis & Crane & Pedersen, 2019" authorityName="Friis & Crane & Pedersen" authorityYear="2019" box="[416,686,1999,2020]" class="Liliopsida" family="Poaceae" genus="Gastonispermum" kingdom="Plantae" order="Poales" pageId="26" pageNumber="179" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="antiquum" status="sp. nov.">
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<emphasis id="B94BB114BF15C219CCF8B1FAE5D61BB5" bold="true" box="[416,686,1999,2020]" italics="true" pageId="26" pageNumber="179">Gastonispermum antiquum</emphasis>
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<taxonomicNameLabel id="A2780C6FBF15C219CFEAB1FAE5861BB5" box="[690,766,1999,2020]" pageId="26" pageNumber="179" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
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showing poorly preserved thin fruit wall (f, g) and seed with a smooth surface (h). Specimens,
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-
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(a, d)
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,
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-
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<specimenCode id="DB99C57DBF15C219CFFBB1D9E5811450" box="[675,761,2028,2049]" collectionCode="S" country="Sweden" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15668" name="Department of Botany, Swedish Museum of Natural History" pageId="26" pageNumber="179" type="Herbarium">S136736</specimenCode>
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(
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; b)
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,
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<specimenCode id="DB99C57DBF15C219CED6B1D9E4B01450" box="[910,968,2028,2049]" collectionCode="TV" country="Portugal" name="Centro de Estratigrafia e Paleobiologia da Universidade Nova de Lisboa" pageId="26" pageNumber="179">TV43</specimenCode>
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-
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<materialsCitation id="3B57675BBF15C219CE96B1D9E33E1450" box="[974,1094,2028,2049]" collectionCode="S" pageId="26" pageNumber="179" specimenCode="S136737" specimenCount="1" typeStatus="holotype">
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<specimenCode id="DB99C57DBF15C219CE96B1D9E35C1450" box="[974,1060,2028,2049]" collectionCode="S" country="Sweden" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15668" name="Department of Botany, Swedish Museum of Natural History" pageId="26" pageNumber="179" type="Herbarium">S136737</specimenCode>
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(c)
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,
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<materialsCitation id="3B57675BBF15C219C909B1D9E3EF1450" box="[1105,1175,2028,2049]" collectionCode="TV" pageId="26" pageNumber="179" specimenCode="TV298" specimenCount="1" typeStatus="holotype">
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<specimenCode id="DB99C57DBF15C219C909B1D9E3EF1450" box="[1105,1175,2028,2049]" collectionCode="TV" country="Portugal" name="Centro de Estratigrafia e Paleobiologia da Universidade Nova de Lisboa" pageId="26" pageNumber="179">TV298</specimenCode>
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-
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<materialsCitation id="3B57675BBF15C219C9C6B1D9E26D1450" box="[1182,1301,2028,2049]" collectionCode="S" pageId="26" pageNumber="179" specimenCode="S174629" specimenCount="1" typeStatus="holotype">
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<specimenCode id="DB99C57DBF15C219C9C6B1D9E38C1450" box="[1182,1268,2028,2049]" collectionCode="S" country="Sweden" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15668" name="Department of Botany, Swedish Museum of Natural History" pageId="26" pageNumber="179" type="Herbarium">S174629</specimenCode>
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(e)
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</materialsCitation>
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,
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<materialsCitation id="3B57675BBF15C219C878B1D9E2221450" box="[1312,1370,2028,2049]" collectionCode="TV" pageId="26" pageNumber="179" specimenCode="TV43" specimenCount="1" typeStatus="holotype">
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<specimenCode id="DB99C57DBF15C219C878B1D9E2221450" box="[1312,1370,2028,2049]" collectionCode="TV" country="Portugal" name="Centro de Estratigrafia e Paleobiologia da Universidade Nova de Lisboa" pageId="26" pageNumber="179">TV43</specimenCode>
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</materialsCitation>
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-
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<materialsCitation id="3B57675BBF15C219C838B1D9E7BD144F" collectionCode="S" pageId="26" pageNumber="179" specimenCode="S136748" specimenCount="1" typeStatus="holotype">
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<specimenCode id="DB99C57DBF15C219C838B1D9E2CE1450" box="[1376,1462,2028,2049]" collectionCode="S" country="Sweden" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15668" name="Department of Botany, Swedish Museum of Natural History" pageId="26" pageNumber="179" type="Herbarium">S136748</specimenCode>
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(f, h)
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,
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<materialsCitation id="3B57675BBF15C219CD89BE3CE672144F" box="[209,266,2057,2078]" collectionCode="TV" pageId="26" pageNumber="179" specimenCode="TV43" specimenCount="1" typeStatus="holotype">
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<specimenCode id="DB99C57DBF15C219CD89BE3CE672144F" box="[209,266,2057,2078]" collectionCode="TV" country="Portugal" name="Centro de Estratigrafia e Paleobiologia da Universidade Nova de Lisboa" pageId="26" pageNumber="179">TV43</specimenCode>
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</materialsCitation>
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-
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<materialsCitation id="3B57675BBF15C219CC49BE3CE6F3144F" box="[273,395,2057,2078]" collectionCode="S" pageId="26" pageNumber="179" specimenCode="S136749" specimenCount="1" typeStatus="holotype">
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<specimenCode id="DB99C57DBF15C219CC49BE3CE61F144F" box="[273,359,2057,2078]" collectionCode="S" country="Sweden" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15668" name="Department of Botany, Swedish Museum of Natural History" pageId="26" pageNumber="179" type="Herbarium">S136749</specimenCode>
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(g)
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. Scale bars 300 Μm (a, b, f, g), 200 Μm (e), 30 Μm (c, d, h).
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</emphasis>
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</paragraph>
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<caption id="DF403D8EBF14C218CD25B030E4071B55" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5386253" ID-Zenodo-Dep="5386253" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5386253/files/figure.png" pageId="27" pageNumber="180" startId="27.[125,206,1541,1562]" targetBox="[128,1440,151,1517]" targetPageId="27">
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<paragraph id="8B806D06BF14C218CD25B030E4071B55" blockId="27.[125,1440,1541,1796]" pageId="27" pageNumber="180">
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Text-fig. 15. Scanning electron microscope (SEM) images of seeds of
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<emphasis id="B94BB114BF14C218CE11B030E4A11A4B" bold="true" box="[841,985,1541,1562]" italics="true" pageId="27" pageNumber="180">Pazliopsis reyi</emphasis>
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||
(a–c) and
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<taxonomicName id="4C3F1685BF14C218C911B030E22C1A4B" authority="Friis & Crane & Pedersen, 2019" authorityName="Friis & Crane & Pedersen" authorityYear="2019" box="[1097,1364,1541,1562]" class="Liliopsida" family="Poaceae" genus="Anaspermum" kingdom="Plantae" order="Poales" pageId="27" pageNumber="180" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="operculatum" status="gen. et sp. nov.">
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<emphasis id="B94BB114BF14C218C911B030E22C1A4B" bold="true" box="[1097,1364,1541,1562]" italics="true" pageId="27" pageNumber="180">Anaspermum operculatum</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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<taxonomicNameLabel id="A2780C6FBF14C218C804B030E7B11A66" pageId="27" pageNumber="180" rank="species">gen. et sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
(d–j). a) Seed in lateral view showing poorly preserved remains of fruit wall and rough surface of the exotesta; b) Section through the wall of a broken seed showing palisade cells of the exotesta; c) Seed surface showing sunken very deeply sinuous outlines of the exotesta cells; d–f, h, i) Seeds in lateral view (holotype figured in d) showing the pointed micropylar-hilar area, the rounded chalazal end, the smooth surface of the exotesta composed of cells with sinuous cell outlines, and the distinct course of the raphe; g) Surface of the exotesta showing the distinctive cell outlines formed by the sinuous anticlinal walls of the palisade cells; j) Apical view of seed showing the prominent operculum. Specimens, TV43-S171534 (a), TV44-S136683 (b), TV43-S136745 (c), TV43-S136740 (holotype; d), TV43-S136746 (e), TV43-S136739 (f), TV43-S170083 (g), TV S136743 (h), TV43-S136742 (i), TV38-S174608 (j). Scale bars 300 Μm (a, b, d–f, h, i), 50 Μm (j), 30 Μm (c, g).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<paragraph id="8B806D06BF14C218CDC8B108E63F1BC5" blockId="27.[106,745,1852,1940]" pageId="27" pageNumber="180">
|
||
<materialsCitation id="3B57675BBF14C218CDC8B108E63B1BC5" collectionCode="R" country="Sweden" county="Swedish Museum of Natural History" location="Palaeobotanical Collections" municipality="Department of Palaeobiology" pageId="27" pageNumber="180" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Stockholm">
|
||
<collectionCode id="ED2EF5C3BF14C218CDC8B108E7DA1B05" box="[144,162,1853,1876]" country="Chile" name="Departamento de Geologia, Universidad de Chile" pageId="27" pageNumber="180">R</collectionCode>
|
||
e p o s i t o r y.
|
||
<location id="8EE03BDDBF14C218CC18B109E51B1B05" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:0396DC10BF15C21DCEC9B0BAE6E21E71:8EE03BDDBF14C218CC18B109E51B1B05" box="[320,611,1852,1876]" country="Sweden" county="Swedish Museum of Natural History" municipality="Department of Palaeobiology" name="Palaeobotanical Collections" pageId="27" pageNumber="180" stateProvince="Stockholm">Palaeobotanical Collections</location>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectingMunicipality id="6BE4F77CBF14C218CF36B108E65A1B25" pageId="27" pageNumber="180">Department of Palaeobiology</collectingMunicipality>
|
||
, the
|
||
<collectingCounty id="62E1158ABF14C218CC0EB169E59D1B25" box="[342,741,1884,1908]" pageId="27" pageNumber="180">Swedish Museum of Natural History</collectingCounty>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectingRegion id="49FBA3E4BF14C218CD32B149E7981BC5" box="[106,224,1916,1940]" country="Sweden" name="Stockholm" pageId="27" pageNumber="180">Stockholm</collectingRegion>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F3282D96BF14C218CDB3B149E63B1BC5" box="[235,323,1916,1940]" name="Sweden" pageId="27" pageNumber="180">Sweden</collectingCountry>
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8B806D06BF14C218CDC8B19DE68D1BB1" blockId="27.[106,745,1960,2016]" pageId="27" pageNumber="180">E t y m o l o g y. From Latin: elongatus referring to elongate shape of the fruit and seeds.</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8B806D06BF14C218CDC8B1C1E590145A" blockId="27.[106,744,2035,2091]" box="[144,744,2035,2060]" pageId="27" pageNumber="180">T y p e l o c a l i t y. Torres Vedras (NE of Forte de</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8B806D06BF14C218CD32BE21E6AD147A" blockId="27.[106,744,2035,2091]" box="[106,469,2066,2091]" pageId="27" pageNumber="180">
|
||
Forca;
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="EE0B0BC1BF14C218CDEDBE27E645147A" box="[181,317,2066,2091]" degrees="39" direction="north" minutes="06" orientation="latitude" pageId="27" pageNumber="180" precision="15" seconds="13" value="39.10361">39°06′13″ N</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="EE0B0BC1BF14C218CC10BE27E6B1147A" box="[328,457,2066,2091]" degrees="9" direction="west" minutes="14" orientation="longitude" pageId="27" pageNumber="180" precision="15" seconds="47" value="-9.246389">9°14′47″ W</geoCoordinate>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8B806D06BF14C218CE02B108E4B01BC5" blockId="27.[820,1459,1852,1940]" pageId="27" pageNumber="180">T y p e s t r a t u m a n d a g e. Lower member of the Almargem Formation; Early Cretaceous (late Barremianearly Aptian).</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8B806D06BF14C21FCE02B199E55419B5" blockId="27.[820,1459,1963,2083]" lastBlockId="28.[129,768,1260,1508]" lastPageId="28" lastPageNumber="181" pageId="27" pageNumber="180">S p e c i f i c d i a g n o s i s. Fruit elongate, obovoid with a short, conical hypanthium. Stigmatic area sessile, indistinct. Ovules pendant, orthotropous to semiorthotropous, bitegmic, endotestal-endotegmic; testa comprising two cell layers; exotesta thin; endotesta with cubic to palisade-shaped crystal cells and fibrous infillings; tegmen three cell layers thick; exotegmen of elongated fibrous cells, mesotegmen with cubic thin-walled cells and endotegmen with large, palisade-shaped cells that form an endothelium; endotegmen cells with infilling of tannin. Fruit a sessile berry with three seeds. Fruit wall with densely spaced cavities from presumed oil cells.</paragraph>
|
||
<caption id="DF403D8EBF13C21FCDCBB5C8E25518F4" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5386257" ID-Zenodo-Dep="5386257" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5386257/files/figure.png" pageId="28" pageNumber="181" startId="28.[147,226,1021,1042]" targetBox="[149,1463,151,998]" targetPageId="28">
|
||
<paragraph id="8B806D06BF13C21FCDCBB5C8E25518F4" blockId="28.[147,1463,1021,1189]" pageId="28" pageNumber="181">Text-fig. 16. Scanning electron microscope (SEM) images of seeds of possible Nymphaeales-Austrobaileyales affinity; Torres Vedras locality, Portugal. a, b) Nymphaeales-Austrobaileyales seed sp. 1, seed in lateral view (a) showing smooth surface of the exotesta composed of cells with shallowly sinuous cell outlines (b); c, d) Nymphaeales-Austrobaileyales seed sp. 2, fragmentary seed in lateral view (c) showing surface of exotesta composed of cells with deeply sinuous cell outlines (d); e, f) Nymphaeales-Austrobaileyales seed sp. 3, seed in lateral view (e) showing detail of smooth surface of the exotesta composed of cells with sinuous cell outlines (f). Specimens, TV43-S136741 (a, b), TV43-S148142 (c, d), TV43-S170087 (e, f). Scale bars 300 Μm (a, c, e), 30 Μm (b, d, f).</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<paragraph id="8B806D06BF13C21FCDFEB3C9E5AC1A25" blockId="28.[129,767,1532,1652]" pageId="28" pageNumber="181">
|
||
D i s t i n g u i s h i n g f e a t u r e s.
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C3F1685BF13C21FCF7EB3C9E5871A45" authorityName="E. M. FRIIS, P. R. CRANE et K. R. PEDERSEN" authorityYear="2019" box="[550,767,1532,1556]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Chloranthaceae" genus="Canrightia" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" order="Chloranthales" pageId="28" pageNumber="181" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="elongata">
|
||
<emphasis id="B94BB114BF13C21FCF7EB3C9E5871A45" box="[550,767,1532,1556]" italics="true" pageId="28" pageNumber="181">Canrightia elongata</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
is distinguished from the only other species of the genus,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C3F1685BF13C21FCDD9B009E5DF1A03" authority="E. M. FRIIS et K. R. PEDERSEN" authorityName="E. M. FRIIS et K. R. PEDERSEN" box="[129,679,1596,1620]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Chloranthaceae" genus="Canrightia" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" order="Chloranthales" pageId="28" pageNumber="181" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="resinifera">
|
||
<emphasis id="B94BB114BF13C21FCDD9B009E6131A05" box="[129,363,1596,1620]" italics="true" pageId="28" pageNumber="181">Canrightia resinifera</emphasis>
|
||
E.M.FRIIS et K.R.PEDERSEN
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, by its more elongated shape and shorter, conical, hypanthium.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8B806D06BF13C21FCDFEB0B9E4781AF2" blockId="28.[128,768,1675,1731]" box="[166,768,1675,1699]" pageId="28" pageNumber="181">
|
||
D i m e n s i o n s. Length of fruit:
|
||
<quantity id="4CC7C0E3BF13C21FCF57B0BEE51B1AF2" box="[527,611,1675,1699]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.2" pageId="28" pageNumber="181" unit="mm" value="1.2">1.2 mm</quantity>
|
||
; width of fruit:
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8B806D06BF13C21FCDD8B09EE79F1A92" blockId="28.[128,768,1675,1731]" box="[128,231,1707,1731]" pageId="28" pageNumber="181">
|
||
<quantity id="4CC7C0E3BF13C21FCDD8B09EE79B1A92" box="[128,227,1707,1731]" metricMagnitude="-4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="6.5" pageId="28" pageNumber="181" unit="mm" value="0.65">0.65 mm</quantity>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8B806D06BF13C21FCDFEB0EEE2731975" blockId="28.[128,768,1755,2100]" lastBlockId="28.[843,1482,1260,2100]" pageId="28" pageNumber="181">
|
||
D e s c r i p t i o n a n d r e m a r k s. The new species is based on a single fruit, containing three seeds, which has been studied using SEM and SRXTM. The fruit is closely similar to fruits of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C3F1685BF13C21FCC3AB10EE5331B02" box="[354,587,1851,1875]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Chloranthaceae" genus="Canrightia" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" order="Chloranthales" pageId="28" pageNumber="181" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="resinifera">
|
||
<emphasis id="B94BB114BF13C21FCC3AB10EE5331B02" box="[354,587,1851,1875]" italics="true" pageId="28" pageNumber="181">Canrightia resinifera</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
described from other localities in
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F3282D96BF13C21FCC64B16EE6E11B22" box="[316,409,1883,1907]" name="Portugal" pageId="28" pageNumber="181">Portugal</collectingCountry>
|
||
, but differs especially in the shape of the elongated fruit and the short conical hypanthium. The hypanthium is short, about one quarter the length of the fruit (
|
||
<figureCitation id="13047183BF13C21FCDD0B18EE6561B82" box="[136,302,1979,2003]" captionStart="Text-fig" captionStartId="29.[125,204,1917,1938]" captionTargetBox="[126,1440,151,1893]" captionTargetId="figure-21@29.[123,796,838,1414]" captionTargetPageId="29" captionText="Text-fig. 17. Scanning electron microscope (SEM) and synchrotron radiation X-ray tomographic microscopy (SRXTM) images of a fruit of Canrightia elongata sp. nov. (a–g) and isolated Canrightia-like seeds (h–j); Torres Vedras locality, Portugal. a–c) Holotype; fruit in lateral view showing four fused tepals at the base (c, upper arrowheads) and prominent cavities in the fruit wall formed by scattered oil bodies and possible subtending bract (c, lower arrowhead); d) Transverse section (SRXTM orthoslice xy1510) through the fruit showing three locules, one with the remains of the endothelium (top left, 1), the other two (2, 3) with remains of presumed endosperm tissue; note that the locule to the right (3) is crushed; e, f) Radial longitudinal (e; SRXTM orthoslice xz1212)" figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5386259" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5386259/files/figure.png" pageId="28" pageNumber="181">Text-fig. 17a–c</figureCitation>
|
||
), and the fruit as well as the hypanthium is subtended by a short bract (
|
||
<figureCitation id="13047183BF13C21FCCF4B1EEE5421BA5" box="[428,570,2011,2036]" captionStart="Text-fig" captionStartId="29.[125,204,1917,1938]" captionTargetBox="[126,1440,151,1893]" captionTargetId="figure-21@29.[123,796,838,1414]" captionTargetPageId="29" captionText="Text-fig. 17. Scanning electron microscope (SEM) and synchrotron radiation X-ray tomographic microscopy (SRXTM) images of a fruit of Canrightia elongata sp. nov. (a–g) and isolated Canrightia-like seeds (h–j); Torres Vedras locality, Portugal. a–c) Holotype; fruit in lateral view showing four fused tepals at the base (c, upper arrowheads) and prominent cavities in the fruit wall formed by scattered oil bodies and possible subtending bract (c, lower arrowhead); d) Transverse section (SRXTM orthoslice xy1510) through the fruit showing three locules, one with the remains of the endothelium (top left, 1), the other two (2, 3) with remains of presumed endosperm tissue; note that the locule to the right (3) is crushed; e, f) Radial longitudinal (e; SRXTM orthoslice xz1212)" figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5386259" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5386259/files/figure.png" pageId="28" pageNumber="181">Text-fig. 17c</figureCitation>
|
||
). The hypanthium has four radially arranged triangular lobes that we interpret as reduced tepals. Each lobe subtends a scar interpreted as staminal scar, and the four scars suggest an androecium composed of four stamens (
|
||
<figureCitation id="13047183BF13C21FC929B339E3861975" box="[1137,1278,1292,1316]" captionStart="Text-fig" captionStartId="29.[125,204,1917,1938]" captionTargetBox="[126,1440,151,1893]" captionTargetId="figure-21@29.[123,796,838,1414]" captionTargetPageId="29" captionText="Text-fig. 17. Scanning electron microscope (SEM) and synchrotron radiation X-ray tomographic microscopy (SRXTM) images of a fruit of Canrightia elongata sp. nov. (a–g) and isolated Canrightia-like seeds (h–j); Torres Vedras locality, Portugal. a–c) Holotype; fruit in lateral view showing four fused tepals at the base (c, upper arrowheads) and prominent cavities in the fruit wall formed by scattered oil bodies and possible subtending bract (c, lower arrowhead); d) Transverse section (SRXTM orthoslice xy1510) through the fruit showing three locules, one with the remains of the endothelium (top left, 1), the other two (2, 3) with remains of presumed endosperm tissue; note that the locule to the right (3) is crushed; e, f) Radial longitudinal (e; SRXTM orthoslice xz1212)" figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5386259" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5386259/files/figure.png" pageId="28" pageNumber="181">Text-fig. 17c</figureCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8B806D06BF13C21FCE29B318E4EB1A9C" blockId="28.[843,1482,1260,2100]" pageId="28" pageNumber="181">
|
||
Cellular details of the fruit wall are not preserved, except for densely spaced circular openings near the surface of the fruit (
|
||
<figureCitation id="13047183BF13C21FCED2B35BE35719D7" box="[906,1071,1390,1414]" captionStart="Text-fig" captionStartId="29.[125,204,1917,1938]" captionTargetBox="[126,1440,151,1893]" captionTargetId="figure-21@29.[123,796,838,1414]" captionTargetPageId="29" captionText="Text-fig. 17. Scanning electron microscope (SEM) and synchrotron radiation X-ray tomographic microscopy (SRXTM) images of a fruit of Canrightia elongata sp. nov. (a–g) and isolated Canrightia-like seeds (h–j); Torres Vedras locality, Portugal. a–c) Holotype; fruit in lateral view showing four fused tepals at the base (c, upper arrowheads) and prominent cavities in the fruit wall formed by scattered oil bodies and possible subtending bract (c, lower arrowhead); d) Transverse section (SRXTM orthoslice xy1510) through the fruit showing three locules, one with the remains of the endothelium (top left, 1), the other two (2, 3) with remains of presumed endosperm tissue; note that the locule to the right (3) is crushed; e, f) Radial longitudinal (e; SRXTM orthoslice xz1212)" figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5386259" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5386259/files/figure.png" pageId="28" pageNumber="181">Text-fig. 17a–f</figureCitation>
|
||
) that we interpret as empty oil cells. The fruit contains three bitegmic, orthotropous and pendant seeds. The outer layer of the testa (exotesta) is thin, with no cellular details preserved, and is difficult to distinguish from the fruit wall. The inner layer of testa (endotesta) is distinct, one cell layer deep and consists of palisade-shaped cells with a fibrous infilling that contains the angular imprints of crystals. These endotesta cells are similar to the endotesta cells of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C3F1685BF13C21FCEC5B046E3071ADA" box="[925,1151,1651,1675]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Chloranthaceae" genus="Canrightia" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" order="Chloranthales" pageId="28" pageNumber="181" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="resinifera">
|
||
<emphasis id="B94BB114BF13C21FCEC5B046E3071ADA" box="[925,1151,1651,1675]" italics="true" pageId="28" pageNumber="181">Canrightia resinifera</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
. The outer surface of endotesta appears almost smooth without depressions or longitudinal ridges.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8B806D06BF13C21FCE29B0E0E4DA1BC1" blockId="28.[843,1482,1260,2100]" pageId="28" pageNumber="181">One of the seeds has a well-developed inner layer of the tegmen (endothelium) while the two other seeds have remains of nutritive tissue and one contains remains of an embryo at the micropylar end. This suggests that two of the seeds were close to maturity while the third may have been aborted.</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8B806D06BF13C21DCE29B1AFE5E51C81" blockId="28.[843,1482,1260,2100]" lastBlockId="30.[129,767,151,208]" lastPageId="30" lastPageNumber="183" pageId="28" pageNumber="181">
|
||
Two isolated seeds (
|
||
<figureCitation id="13047183BF13C21FC933B1ACE25B1BE0" box="[1131,1315,1945,1969]" captionStart="Text-fig" captionStartId="29.[125,204,1917,1938]" captionTargetBox="[126,1440,151,1893]" captionTargetId="figure-21@29.[123,796,838,1414]" captionTargetPageId="29" captionText="Text-fig. 17. Scanning electron microscope (SEM) and synchrotron radiation X-ray tomographic microscopy (SRXTM) images of a fruit of Canrightia elongata sp. nov. (a–g) and isolated Canrightia-like seeds (h–j); Torres Vedras locality, Portugal. a–c) Holotype; fruit in lateral view showing four fused tepals at the base (c, upper arrowheads) and prominent cavities in the fruit wall formed by scattered oil bodies and possible subtending bract (c, lower arrowhead); d) Transverse section (SRXTM orthoslice xy1510) through the fruit showing three locules, one with the remains of the endothelium (top left, 1), the other two (2, 3) with remains of presumed endosperm tissue; note that the locule to the right (3) is crushed; e, f) Radial longitudinal (e; SRXTM orthoslice xz1212)" figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5386259" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5386259/files/figure.png" pageId="28" pageNumber="181">Text-fig. 17h, i</figureCitation>
|
||
) that have a crystalliferous seed coat (
|
||
<figureCitation id="13047183BF13C21FC934B18FE3801B83" box="[1132,1272,1978,2002]" captionStart="Text-fig" captionStartId="29.[125,204,1917,1938]" captionTargetBox="[126,1440,151,1893]" captionTargetId="figure-21@29.[123,796,838,1414]" captionTargetPageId="29" captionText="Text-fig. 17. Scanning electron microscope (SEM) and synchrotron radiation X-ray tomographic microscopy (SRXTM) images of a fruit of Canrightia elongata sp. nov. (a–g) and isolated Canrightia-like seeds (h–j); Torres Vedras locality, Portugal. a–c) Holotype; fruit in lateral view showing four fused tepals at the base (c, upper arrowheads) and prominent cavities in the fruit wall formed by scattered oil bodies and possible subtending bract (c, lower arrowhead); d) Transverse section (SRXTM orthoslice xy1510) through the fruit showing three locules, one with the remains of the endothelium (top left, 1), the other two (2, 3) with remains of presumed endosperm tissue; note that the locule to the right (3) is crushed; e, f) Radial longitudinal (e; SRXTM orthoslice xz1212)" figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5386259" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5386259/files/figure.png" pageId="28" pageNumber="181">Text-fig. 17j</figureCitation>
|
||
) may be seeds of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C3F1685BF13C21FCE13B1EFE35C1BA3" authorityName="E. M. FRIIS, P. R. CRANE et K. R. PEDERSEN" authorityYear="2019" box="[843,1060,2010,2034]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Chloranthaceae" genus="Canrightia" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" order="Chloranthales" pageId="28" pageNumber="181" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="elongata">
|
||
<emphasis id="B94BB114BF13C21FCE13B1EFE35C1BA3" box="[843,1060,2010,2034]" italics="true" pageId="28" pageNumber="181">Canrightia elongata</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
or
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C3F1685BF13C21FC911B1EFE39C1BA3" box="[1097,1252,2010,2034]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Chloranthaceae" genus="Canrightia" kingdom="Plantae" order="Chloranthales" pageId="28" pageNumber="181" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="undetermined">
|
||
<emphasis id="B94BB114BF13C21FC911B1EFE3C61BA3" box="[1097,1214,2010,2034]" italics="true" pageId="28" pageNumber="181">Canrightia</emphasis>
|
||
sp.
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
These seeds are very similar to seeds of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C3F1685BF13C21FC968B1CEE2621442" box="[1072,1306,2043,2067]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Chloranthaceae" genus="Canrightia" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" order="Chloranthales" pageId="28" pageNumber="181" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="resinifera">
|
||
<emphasis id="B94BB114BF13C21FC968B1CEE2621442" box="[1072,1306,2043,2067]" italics="true" pageId="28" pageNumber="181">Canrightia resinifera</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, but the larger crystals in the endotesta are scattered and surrounded by smaller crystals, whereas in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C3F1685BF11C21DCCEEB6ADE5461CE1" box="[438,574,152,176]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Chloranthaceae" genus="Canrightia" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" order="Chloranthales" pageId="30" pageNumber="183" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="resinifera">
|
||
<emphasis id="B94BB114BF11C21DCCEEB6ADE5461CE1" box="[438,574,152,176]" italics="true" pageId="30" pageNumber="183">C. resinifera</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
the large crystals are densely arranged in the outer part of endotesta.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<caption id="DF403D8EBF12C21ECD25B148E2D81475" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5386259" ID-Zenodo-Dep="5386259" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5386259/files/figure.png" pageId="29" pageNumber="182" startId="29.[125,204,1917,1938]" targetBox="[126,1440,151,1893]" targetPageId="29">
|
||
<paragraph id="8B806D06BF12C21ECD25B148E2D81475" blockId="29.[125,1440,1917,2084]" pageId="29" pageNumber="182">
|
||
Text-fig. 17. Scanning electron microscope (SEM) and synchrotron radiation X-ray tomographic microscopy (SRXTM) images of a fruit of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C3F1685BF12C21ECD81B1AFE6E71BFE" authority="Friis & Crane & Pedersen, 2019" authorityName="Friis & Crane & Pedersen" authorityYear="2019" box="[217,415,1946,1967]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Chloranthaceae" genus="Canrightia" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" order="Chloranthales" pageId="29" pageNumber="182" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="elongata" status="sp. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="B94BB114BF12C21ECD81B1AFE6E71BFE" bold="true" box="[217,415,1946,1967]" italics="true" pageId="29" pageNumber="182">Canrightia elongata</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A2780C6FBF12C21ECCFCB1AFE6971BFE" box="[420,495,1946,1967]" pageId="29" pageNumber="182" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
(a–g) and isolated
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C3F1685BF12C21ECFF3B1AFE46F1BFE" authorityName="E. M. FRIIS et K. R. PEDERSEN" authorityYear="2011" box="[683,791,1946,1967]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Chloranthaceae" genus="Canrightia" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" order="Chloranthales" pageId="29" pageNumber="182" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B94BB114BF12C21ECFF3B1AFE46F1BFE" bold="true" box="[683,791,1946,1967]" italics="true" pageId="29" pageNumber="182">Canrightia</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
-like seeds (h–j); Torres Vedras locality, Portugal. a–c) Holotype; fruit in lateral view showing four fused tepals at the base (c, upper arrowheads) and prominent cavities in the fruit wall formed by scattered oil bodies and possible subtending bract (c, lower arrowhead); d) Transverse section (SRXTM orthoslice xy1510) through the fruit showing three locules, one with the remains of the endothelium (top left, 1), the other two (2, 3) with remains of presumed endosperm tissue; note that the locule to the right (3) is crushed; e, f) Radial longitudinal (e; SRXTM orthoslice xz1212)
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<paragraph id="8B806D06BF11C21DCDFEB6D2E6E21E71" blockId="30.[128,768,231,544]" pageId="30" pageNumber="183">
|
||
A f f i n i t y a n d o t h e r o c c u r r e n c e s.
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C3F1685BF11C21DCFD2B6D2E5871CAE" authorityName="E. M. FRIIS et K. R. PEDERSEN" authorityYear="2011" box="[650,767,231,255]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Chloranthaceae" genus="Canrightia" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" order="Chloranthales" pageId="30" pageNumber="183" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B94BB114BF11C21DCFD2B6D2E5871CAE" box="[650,767,231,255]" italics="true" pageId="30" pageNumber="183">Canrightia</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
is an extinct genus closely related to the clade comprising extant
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C3F1685BF11C21DCD96B71DE54C1D6E" authority="J. R. FORST. et G. FORST." authorityName="J. R. FORST. et G. FORST." box="[206,564,295,319]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Chloranthaceae" genus="Ascarina" kingdom="Plantae" order="Chloranthales" pageId="30" pageNumber="183" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B94BB114BF11C21DCD96B71DE6561D6E" box="[206,302,296,319]" italics="true" pageId="30" pageNumber="183">Ascarina</emphasis>
|
||
J.R.FORST. et G.FORST.
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C3F1685BF11C21DCF1FB712E4781D6E" authority="SW." authorityName="SW." box="[583,768,295,319]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Chloranthaceae" genus="Chloranthus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Chloranthales" pageId="30" pageNumber="183" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B94BB114BF11C21DCF1FB712E5B41D6E" box="[583,716,295,319]" italics="true" pageId="30" pageNumber="183">Chloranthus</emphasis>
|
||
SW.
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C3F1685BF11C21DCDEFB772E6E01D0F" authority="GARDNER" authorityName="GARDNER" box="[183,408,327,351]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Chloranthaceae" genus="Sarcandra" kingdom="Plantae" order="Chloranthales" pageId="30" pageNumber="183" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B94BB114BF11C21DCDEFB772E65F1D0E" box="[183,295,327,351]" italics="true" pageId="30" pageNumber="183">Sarcandra</emphasis>
|
||
GARDNER
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, among extant
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C3F1685BF11C21DCF01B772E6E11DD1" authority="(Friis and Pedersen 2011)" baseAuthorityName="Friis and Pedersen" baseAuthorityYear="2011" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Chloranthaceae" kingdom="Plantae" order="Chloranthales" pageId="30" pageNumber="183" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="family">
|
||
Chloranthaceae (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFAE10F7BF11C21DCDD0B752E6E91DD1" author="Friis, E. M. & Pedersen, K. R." box="[136,401,359,384]" pageId="30" pageNumber="183" pagination="3 - 29" refId="ref76504" refString="Friis, E. M., Pedersen, K. R. (2011): Canrightia resinifera gen. et sp. nov., a new extinct angiosperm with Retimonocolpites - type pollen from the Early Cretaceous of Por- tugal: missing link in the eumagnoliid tree? - Grana, 50: 3 - 29. https: // doi. org / 10.1080 / 00173134.2011.559728" type="journal article" year="2011">Friis and Pedersen 2011</bibRefCitation>
|
||
)
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
.
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C3F1685BF11C21DCCFCB752E5051D2E" authorityName="Friis & Crane & Pedersen" authorityYear="2019" box="[420,637,359,383]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Chloranthaceae" genus="Canrightia" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" order="Chloranthales" pageId="30" pageNumber="183" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="elongata">
|
||
<emphasis id="B94BB114BF11C21DCCFCB752E5051D2E" box="[420,637,359,383]" italics="true" pageId="30" pageNumber="183">Canrightia elongata</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
is currently known only from the Torres Vedras locality. The only other species of the genus,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C3F1685BF11C21DCC33B79DE5371D91" box="[363,591,424,448]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Chloranthaceae" genus="Canrightia" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" order="Chloranthales" pageId="30" pageNumber="183" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="resinifera">
|
||
<emphasis id="B94BB114BF11C21DCC33B79DE5371D91" box="[363,591,424,448]" italics="true" pageId="30" pageNumber="183">Canrightia resinifera</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
is known based on numerous well-preserved specimens from the Arazede, Buarcos, Catefica, Famalicão and
|
||
<collectingRegion id="49FBA3E4BF11C21DCCA5B7DDE5541E51" box="[509,556,488,512]" country="Switzerland" name="Valais" pageId="30" pageNumber="183">Vale</collectingRegion>
|
||
de Água localities (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFAE10F7BF11C21DCDD0B43DE6F61E71" author="Friis, E. M. & Pedersen, K. R." box="[136,398,520,544]" pageId="30" pageNumber="183" pagination="3 - 29" refId="ref76504" refString="Friis, E. M., Pedersen, K. R. (2011): Canrightia resinifera gen. et sp. nov., a new extinct angiosperm with Retimonocolpites - type pollen from the Early Cretaceous of Por- tugal: missing link in the eumagnoliid tree? - Grana, 50: 3 - 29. https: // doi. org / 10.1080 / 00173134.2011.559728" type="journal article" year="2011">Friis and Pedersen 2011</bibRefCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |