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<document id="5F9C378665CE5843EB9F61F437CF726C" ID-DOI="10.11646/zootaxa.5085.1.1" ID-ISSN="1175-5326" ID-Zenodo-Dep="5802920" ID-ZooBank="12FC3342-F2A0-4EE1-9853-9C5855076A10" IM.bibliography_approvedBy="karina" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="karina" IM.treatmentCitations_approvedBy="karina" IM.treatments_approvedBy="karina" checkinTime="1640331575322" checkinUser="plazi" docAuthor="Calder, Dale R. &amp; Faucci, Anuschka" docDate="2021" docId="039687B70D34E0737DA0220E67CAFAA5" docLanguage="en" docName="zootaxa.5085.1.1.pdf" docOrigin="Zootaxa 5085 (1)" docStyle="DocumentStyle:5EBBA59367AD13919D70D935FA04F6A3.18:Zootaxa.2013-.monograph" docStyleId="5EBBA59367AD13919D70D935FA04F6A3" docStyleName="Zootaxa.2013-.monograph" docStyleVersion="18" docTitle="Clytia elsaeoswaldae Stechow 1914" docType="treatment" docVersion="4" lastPageNumber="19" masterDocId="FFAFFFCF0D24E0617D3727506411FFF0" masterDocTitle="Shallow water hydroids (Cnidaria, Hydrozoa) from the 2002 NOWRAMP cruise to the Northwestern Hawaiian Islands" masterLastPageNumber="73" masterPageNumber="1" pageNumber="17" updateTime="1708441955671" updateUser="karina">
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<mods:title id="C4EF8E8CE44033AD73D844D93F47DC0B">Shallow water hydroids (Cnidaria, Hydrozoa) from the 2002 NOWRAMP cruise to the Northwestern Hawaiian Islands</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="0A93FA615FFBEF4EEB7B4D7E827924AB">Calder, Dale R.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="06382553DADF0B0F2F7AA925C8AD88BF">Faucci, Anuschka</mods:namePart>
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<mods:date id="3B42D476D391AEFD7BBA524BEA62FE0E">2021</mods:date>
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<subSubSection id="C325652A0D34E0717DA0220E6658FA88" box="[151,585,1374,1401]" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" type="nomenclature">
<paragraph id="8B8036A10D34E0717DA0220E6658FA88" blockId="16.[151,585,1374,1437]" box="[151,585,1374,1401]" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">
<heading id="D0C881CD0D34E0717DA0220E6658FA88" bold="true" box="[151,585,1374,1401]" fontSize="11" level="2" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" reason="3">
<taxonomicName id="4C3F4D220D34E0717DA0220E6658FA88" ID-CoL="5ZFQ2" authority="Stechow, 1914" authorityName="Stechow" authorityYear="1914" box="[151,585,1374,1401]" class="Hydrozoa" family="Campanulariidae" genus="Clytia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Leptothecata" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="elsaeoswaldae">
<emphasis id="B94BEAB30D34E0717DA0220E6658FA88" bold="true" box="[151,585,1374,1401]" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">
<emphasis id="B94BEAB30D34E0717DA0220E6580FA89" bold="true" box="[151,401,1374,1401]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">Clytia elsaeoswaldae</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="EFAE4B500D34E0717CAE220E6658FA88" author="Stechow, E." box="[409,585,1374,1400]" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" pagination="120 - 136" refId="ref69115" refString="Stechow, E. (1914) Zur Kenntnis neuer oder seltener Hydroidpolypen, meist Campanulariden, aus Amerika und Norwegen. Zoologischer Anzeiger, 45, 120 - 136." type="journal article" year="1914">Stechow, 1914</bibRefCitation>
</emphasis>
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</heading>
</paragraph>
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<subSubSection id="C325652A0D34E0717DA022D26510FA6D" box="[151,257,1410,1437]" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" type="description">
<paragraph id="8B8036A10D34E0717DA022D26510FA6D" blockId="16.[151,585,1374,1437]" box="[151,257,1410,1437]" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">
<figureCitation id="13042A240D34E0717DA022D26510FA6D" box="[151,257,1410,1437]" captionStart="FIGURE 5" captionStartId="17.[151,250,1799,1823]" captionTargetBox="[163,1432,198,1757]" captionTargetId="figure-19@17.[151,1436,181,1775]" captionTargetPageId="17" captionText="FIGURE 5. Clytiidae. a, Clytia brevithecata (Thornely, 1900), hydrotheca and pedicel, Nihoa, ROMIZ B5414. Scale equals 0.2 mm. b, Clytia elsaeoswaldae Stechow, 1914, hydrotheca and pedicel, Midway Atoll, ROMIZ B5415. Scale equals 0.1 mm. c, Clytia elsaeoswaldae Stechow, 1914, gonotheca, Midway Atoll, ROMIZ B5415. Scale equals 0.1 mm. d, Clytia linearis (Thornely, 1900), hydrotheca and distal end of pedicel, Gardner Pinnacles, ROMIZ B5418. Scale equals 0.2 mm. e, Clytia linearis (Thornely, 1900), gonotheca, Laysan Island, ROMIZ B5417. Scale equals 0.2 mm. f, Clytia cf. noliformis (McCrady, 1859), hydrotheca and pedicel, Pearl &amp; HermesAtoll, ROMIZ B5419. Scale equals 0.2 mm. g, Clytia cf. noliformis (McCrady, 1859), hydrotheca and distal end of pedicel, Pearl &amp; Hermes Atoll, ROMIZ B5419. Scale equals 0.1 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5802932" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5802932/files/figure.png" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">Fig. 5b, c</figureCitation>
</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8B8036A10D34E0717DA02297669EFA2F" blockId="16.[151,1147,1478,1564]" box="[151,655,1478,1503]" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">
<treatmentCitationGroup id="AB2F118F0D34E0717DA02297669EFA2F" box="[151,655,1478,1503]" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">
<treatmentCitation id="0A9E10B00D34E0717DA022976659FA2E" author="Stechow, E." box="[151,584,1478,1503]" page="125" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" year="1914">
<taxonomicName id="4C3F4D220D34E0717DA022976659FA2E" ID-CoL="d26e8bba-d6a3-4801-998f-a3e798e64dda" authority="Stechow, 1914: 125" authorityName="Stechow" authorityPageNumber="125" authorityYear="1914" box="[151,584,1478,1503]" class="Hydrozoa" family="Campanulariidae" genus="Clytia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Leptothecata" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="elsae-oswaldae">
<emphasis id="B94BEAB30D34E0717DA022976566FA2F" box="[151,375,1479,1503]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">Clytia elsae-oswaldae</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="EFAE4B500D34E0717C4922976659FA2E" author="Stechow, E." box="[382,584,1478,1503]" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" pagination="120 - 136" refId="ref69115" refString="Stechow, E. (1914) Zur Kenntnis neuer oder seltener Hydroidpolypen, meist Campanulariden, aus Amerika und Norwegen. Zoologischer Anzeiger, 45, 120 - 136." type="journal article" year="1914">Stechow, 1914: 125</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
</treatmentCitation>
, fig. 4.
</treatmentCitationGroup>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B8036A10D34E0717DA022B5606AFA0D" blockId="16.[151,1147,1478,1564]" box="[151,1147,1509,1533]" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">
<treatmentCitationGroup id="AB2F118F0D34E0717DA022B5606AFA0D" box="[151,1147,1509,1533]" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">
<taxonomicName id="4C3F4D220D34E0717DA022B56558FA0D" ID-CoL="5ZFPZ" baseAuthorityName="Sars" baseAuthorityYear="1850" box="[151,329,1509,1533]" class="Hydrozoa" family="Campanulariidae" genus="Clytia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Leptothecata" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="gracilis">
<emphasis id="B94BEAB30D34E0717DA022B564C4FA0D" box="[151,213,1509,1533]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">Clytia</emphasis>
cf.
<emphasis id="B94BEAB30D34E0717DCB22B56558FA0D" box="[252,329,1509,1533]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">gracilis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
.—
<treatmentCitation id="0A9E10B00D34E0717C5F22B56655FA0D" author="Coles, S. L. &amp; Bolick, H. &amp; Hauk, B. &amp; Montgomery, A." box="[360,580,1509,1533]" page="59" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" year="2009">
<bibRefCitation id="EFAE4B500D34E0717C5F22B56655FA0D" author="Coles, S. L. &amp; Bolick, H. &amp; Hauk, B. &amp; Montgomery, A." box="[360,580,1509,1533]" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" pagination="1 - 204" refId="ref54086" refString="Coles, S. L., Bolick, H., Hauk, B. &amp; Montgomery, A. (2009) Ten year resurveys of the biodiversity of marine communities and introduced species in Pearl Harbor, Honolulu Harbor, and Ke'ehi Lagoon, O'ahu, Hawai'i. Bishop Museum Technical Report, 48, 1 - 204." type="journal article" year="2009">
Coles
<emphasis id="B94BEAB30D34E0717C9E22B665C7FA0D" box="[425,470,1509,1533]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">et al</emphasis>
., 2009: 59
</bibRefCitation>
</treatmentCitation>
, 68, 72, 76, 82, 85 [not
<taxonomicName id="4C3F4D220D34E0717E0222B56060FA0D" ID-CoL="5ZFPZ" authority="(M. Sars, 1850)" baseAuthorityName="M. Sars" baseAuthorityYear="1850" box="[821,1137,1509,1533]" class="Hydrozoa" family="Campanulariidae" genus="Clytia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Leptothecata" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="gracilis">
<emphasis id="B94BEAB30D34E0717E0222B567D7FA0D" box="[821,966,1509,1533]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">Clytia gracilis</emphasis>
(M.
<bibRefCitation id="EFAE4B500D34E0717ECE22B56078FA0D" author="Sars, M." box="[1017,1129,1509,1533]" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" pagination="121 - 211" refId="ref68067" refString="Sars, M. (1850) Beretning om en i Sommeren 1849 foretagen zoologisk Reise i Lofoten og Finmarken. Nyt Magazin for Naturvidenskaberne, 6, 121 - 211." type="journal article" year="1850">Sars, 1850</bibRefCitation>
)
</taxonomicName>
].
</treatmentCitationGroup>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B8036A10D34E0717DA0215466A0F9EB" blockId="16.[151,1147,1478,1564]" box="[151,689,1540,1564]" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">
<treatmentCitationGroup id="AB2F118F0D34E0717DA0215466A0F9EB" box="[151,689,1540,1564]" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">
<taxonomicName id="4C3F4D220D34E0717DA02154657EF9EC" ID-CoL="5ZFQ2" authorityName="Stechow" authorityYear="1914" box="[151,367,1540,1564]" class="Hydrozoa" family="Campanulariidae" genus="Clytia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Leptothecata" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="elsaeoswaldae">
<emphasis id="B94BEAB30D34E0717DA02154657EF9EC" box="[151,367,1540,1564]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">Clytia elsaeoswaldae</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
.—
<treatmentCitation id="0A9E10B00D34E0717CBA21546657F9EC" author="Calder, D. R." box="[397,582,1540,1564]" page="208" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" year="2020">
<bibRefCitation id="EFAE4B500D34E0717CBA21546657F9EC" author="Calder, D. R." box="[397,582,1540,1564]" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" pagination="201 - 246" refId="ref52863" refString="Calder, D. R. (2020) Some leptothecate hydroids (Cnidaria, Hydrozoa) from Hawaii, mostly from inshore and nearshore waters. Zootaxa, 4830 (2), 201 - 246. https: // doi. org / 10.11646 / zootaxa. 4830.2.1" type="journal article" year="2020">Calder, 2020: 208</bibRefCitation>
</treatmentCitation>
, fig. 2b, c.
</treatmentCitationGroup>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C325652A0D34E0717DA0211A65B2F95D" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" type="materials_examined">
<paragraph id="8B8036A10D34E0717DA0211A613CF994" blockId="16.[151,1437,1610,2033]" box="[151,1325,1610,1637]" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">
<materialsCitation id="3B573CFC0D34E0717DA0211A6138F994" box="[151,1321,1610,1637]" country="Virgin Islands" location="St. Thomas" municipality="Charlotte Amalie" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" specimenCount="1" typeStatus="holotype">
<emphasis id="B94BEAB30D34E0717DA0211A6527F994" bold="true" box="[151,310,1610,1636]" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">
<typeStatus id="548488030D34E0717DA0211A64C3F994" box="[151,210,1610,1636]" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">Type</typeStatus>
locality.
</emphasis>
<collectingCountry id="F32876310D34E0717C0B211A65C8F994" box="[316,473,1610,1636]" name="Virgin Islands" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">Virgin Islands</collectingCountry>
of the United States:
<location id="8EE0607A0D34E0717FFA211A675EF994" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:039687B70D34E0737DA0220E67CAFAA5:8EE0607A0D34E0717FFA211A675EF994" box="[717,847,1610,1636]" country="Virgin Islands" municipality="Charlotte Amalie" name="St. Thomas" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">St. Thomas</location>
, port of
<collectingMunicipality id="6BE4ACDB0D34E0717E9B211A607DF994" box="[940,1132,1610,1636]" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">Charlotte Amalie</collectingMunicipality>
(
<bibRefCitation id="EFAE4B500D34E071794C211A6131F994" author="Stechow, E." box="[1147,1312,1610,1636]" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" pagination="120 - 136" refId="ref69115" refString="Stechow, E. (1914) Zur Kenntnis neuer oder seltener Hydroidpolypen, meist Campanulariden, aus Amerika und Norwegen. Zoologischer Anzeiger, 45, 120 - 136." type="journal article" year="1914">Stechow 1914</bibRefCitation>
)
</materialsCitation>
.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B8036A10D34E0717DF0213E65B2F95D" blockId="16.[151,1437,1610,2033]" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">
<emphasis id="B94BEAB30D34E0717DF0213E65B0F978" bold="true" box="[199,417,1646,1672]" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">Voucher material.</emphasis>
<materialsCitation id="3B573CFC0D34E0717C9D213E658EF95D" collectingDate="2002-09-23" collectionCode="ROMIZ" collectorName="A. Faucci" country="United States Pacific Island Wildlife Refuges" location="Midway Atoll" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" specimenCode="B5415" specimenCount="1">
<collectingCountry id="F32876310D34E0717C9D213E665DF978" box="[426,588,1646,1672]" name="United States Pacific Island Wildlife Refuges" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">Midway Atoll</collectingCountry>
, on algae,
<date id="FF8110610D34E0717FFB213E6756F978" box="[716,839,1646,1672]" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" value="2002-09-23">
<collectingDate id="EFC5E9890D34E0717FFB213E6756F978" box="[716,839,1646,1672]" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" value="2002-09-23">23.ix.2002</collectingDate>
</date>
, one colony,
<quantity id="4CC79B440D34E0717ED5213E6037F979" box="[994,1062,1646,1673]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.0" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" unit="mm" value="2.0">2 mm</quantity>
high, with a gonotheca, coll.
<collectorName id="26CA53770D34E07178B6213E64F4F95C" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">A. Faucci</collectorName>
,
<collectionCode id="ED2EAE640D34E0717DC721C2655BF95C" box="[240,330,1682,1708]" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">ROMIZ</collectionCode>
<specimenCode id="DB999EDA0D34E0717C6621C2658EF95D" box="[337,415,1682,1709]" collectionCode="ROMIZ" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">B5415</specimenCode>
</materialsCitation>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C325652A0D34E0737DF021E667CAFAA5" lastPageId="18" lastPageNumber="19" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" type="discussion">
<paragraph id="8B8036A10D34E0717DF021E66774F800" blockId="16.[151,1437,1610,2033]" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">
<emphasis id="B94BEAB30D34E0717DF021E6652AF920" bold="true" box="[199,315,1718,1744]" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">Remarks.</emphasis>
Hydroids from our collections corresponded closely with original descriptions of two warm-water species of the genus
<taxonomicName id="4C3F4D220D34E0717CBC218A66B9F904" authority="Lamouroux, 1812" authorityName="Lamouroux" authorityYear="1812" box="[395,680,1754,1781]" class="Hydrozoa" family="Campanulariidae" genus="Clytia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Leptothecata" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B94BEAB30D34E0717CBC218A65DEF904" box="[395,463,1754,1780]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">Clytia</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="EFAE4B500D34E0717CED218B66B9F904" author="Lamouroux, J. V. F." box="[474,680,1754,1781]" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" pagination="181 - 188" refId="ref61119" refString="Lamouroux, J. V. F. (1812) Extrait d'un memoire sur la classification des polypiers coralligenes non entierement pierreux. Nouveau Bulletin des Sciences, par la Societe Philomatique de Paris, 3, 181 - 188." type="journal article" year="1812">Lamouroux, 1812</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName id="4C3F4D220D34E0717F81218B67F1F904" authority="(Clarke, 1907)" baseAuthorityName="Clarke" baseAuthorityYear="1907" box="[694,992,1754,1781]" class="Hydrozoa" family="Campanulariidae" genus="Clytia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Leptothecata" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="obliqua">
<emphasis id="B94BEAB30D34E0717F81218B6721F904" box="[694,816,1754,1781]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">C. obliqua</emphasis>
(
<bibRefCitation id="EFAE4B500D34E0717E76218A67C9F904" author="Clarke, S. F." box="[833,984,1754,1780]" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" pagination="1 - 18" refId="ref53959" refString="Clarke, S. F. (1907) Reports on the scientific results of the expedition to the eastern tropical Pacific, in charge of Alexander Agassiz, by the U. S. Fish Commission Steamer &quot; Albatross &quot;, from October, 1904, to March, 1905, Lieut. - Commander L. M. Garrett, U. S. N., commanding. VIII. The hydroids. Memoirs of the Museum of Comparative Zoology at Harvard College, 35 (1), 1 - 18." type="journal article" year="1907">Clarke, 1907</bibRefCitation>
)
</taxonomicName>
and C.
<taxonomicName id="4C3F4D220D34E0717977218A6189F904" authority="Stechow, 1914" authorityName="Stechow" authorityYear="1914" box="[1088,1432,1754,1780]" class="Hydrozoa" family="Campanulariidae" genus="Clytia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Leptothecata" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="elsaeoswaldae">
<emphasis id="B94BEAB30D34E0717977218A60F2F904" box="[1088,1251,1754,1780]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">elsaeoswaldae</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="EFAE4B500D34E07179D9218A6189F904" author="Stechow, E." box="[1262,1432,1754,1780]" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" pagination="120 - 136" refId="ref69115" refString="Stechow, E. (1914) Zur Kenntnis neuer oder seltener Hydroidpolypen, meist Campanulariden, aus Amerika und Norwegen. Zoologischer Anzeiger, 45, 120 - 136." type="journal article" year="1914">Stechow, 1914</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
. Colonies of both appear to be stolonal or mostly so rather than erect and branched, hydrothecae are relatively broad with rounded bases, and hydrothecal cusps slant to the right rather than being regularly triangular when viewed laterally (
<bibRefCitation id="EFAE4B500D34E0717C362016659FF890" author="Clarke, S. F." box="[257,398,1862,1888]" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" pagination="1 - 18" refId="ref53959" refString="Clarke, S. F. (1907) Reports on the scientific results of the expedition to the eastern tropical Pacific, in charge of Alexander Agassiz, by the U. S. Fish Commission Steamer &quot; Albatross &quot;, from October, 1904, to March, 1905, Lieut. - Commander L. M. Garrett, U. S. N., commanding. VIII. The hydroids. Memoirs of the Museum of Comparative Zoology at Harvard College, 35 (1), 1 - 18." type="journal article" year="1907">Clarke 1907</bibRefCitation>
;
<bibRefCitation id="EFAE4B500D34E0717CAE2016662AF890" author="Stechow, E." box="[409,571,1862,1888]" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" pagination="120 - 136" refId="ref69115" refString="Stechow, E. (1914) Zur Kenntnis neuer oder seltener Hydroidpolypen, meist Campanulariden, aus Amerika und Norwegen. Zoologischer Anzeiger, 45, 120 - 136." type="journal article" year="1914">Stechow 1914</bibRefCitation>
;
<bibRefCitation id="EFAE4B500D34E0717F712016670DF890" author="Lindner, A. &amp; Govindarajan, A. F. &amp; Migotto, A. E." box="[582,796,1862,1889]" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" pagination="23 - 36" refId="ref61937" refString="Lindner, A., Govindarajan, A. F. &amp; Migotto, A. E. (2011) Cryptic species, life cycles, and the phylogeny of Clytia (Cnidaria: Hydrozoa: Campanulariidae). Zootaxa, 2980, 23 - 36. https: // doi. org / 10.11646 / zootaxa. 2980.1.2" type="journal article" year="2011">
Lindner
<emphasis id="B94BEAB30D34E0717F92201766C4F890" box="[677,725,1862,1888]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">et al</emphasis>
. 2011
</bibRefCitation>
;
<bibRefCitation id="EFAE4B500D34E0717E10201667E1F890" author="Cunha, A. F. &amp; Collins, A. G. &amp; Marques, A. C." box="[807,1008,1862,1889]" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" pagination="417 - 447" refId="ref55140" refString="Cunha, A. F., Collins, A. G. &amp; Marques, A. C. (2020) When morphometry meets taxonomy: morphological variation and species boundaries in Proboscoida (Cnidaria: Hydrozoa). Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society, 190, 417 - 447. https: // doi. org / 10.1093 / zoolinnean / zlz 166" type="journal article" year="2020">
<collectingCountry id="F32876310D34E0717E1020166761F890" box="[807,880,1862,1888]" name="Saint Helena, Ascension and Tristan da Cunha" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">Cunha</collectingCountry>
<emphasis id="B94BEAB30D34E0717E41201767B7F890" box="[886,934,1862,1888]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">et al</emphasis>
. 2020
</bibRefCitation>
). Gonothecae were lacking in
<bibRefCitation id="EFAE4B500D34E0717808201664F3F874" author="Clarke, S. F." pageId="16" pageNumber="17" pagination="1 - 18" refId="ref53959" refString="Clarke, S. F. (1907) Reports on the scientific results of the expedition to the eastern tropical Pacific, in charge of Alexander Agassiz, by the U. S. Fish Commission Steamer &quot; Albatross &quot;, from October, 1904, to March, 1905, Lieut. - Commander L. M. Garrett, U. S. N., commanding. VIII. The hydroids. Memoirs of the Museum of Comparative Zoology at Harvard College, 35 (1), 1 - 18." type="journal article" year="1907">Clarke’s (1907)</bibRefCitation>
specimens of
<taxonomicName id="4C3F4D220D34E0717CB4203B65EBF874" baseAuthorityName="Clarke" baseAuthorityYear="1907" box="[387,506,1898,1925]" class="Hydrozoa" family="Campanulariidae" genus="Clytia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Leptothecata" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="obliqua">
<emphasis id="B94BEAB30D34E0717CB4203B65EBF874" box="[387,506,1898,1925]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">C. obliqua</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, but those of C.
<taxonomicName id="4C3F4D220D34E0717F84203A6747F874" authorityName="Stechow" authorityYear="1914" box="[691,854,1898,1924]" class="Hydrozoa" family="Campanulariidae" genus="Clytia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Leptothecata" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="elsaeoswaldae">
<emphasis id="B94BEAB30D34E0717F84203A6747F874" box="[691,854,1898,1924]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">elsaeoswaldae</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
had smooth to slightly undulating walls, a constriction below the truncated distal end, and they usually arose from the hydrorhiza (
<bibRefCitation id="EFAE4B500D34E071793C20DE60F2F858" author="Lindner, A. &amp; Govindarajan, A. F. &amp; Migotto, A. E." box="[1035,1251,1934,1961]" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" pagination="23 - 36" refId="ref61937" refString="Lindner, A., Govindarajan, A. F. &amp; Migotto, A. E. (2011) Cryptic species, life cycles, and the phylogeny of Clytia (Cnidaria: Hydrozoa: Campanulariidae). Zootaxa, 2980, 23 - 36. https: // doi. org / 10.11646 / zootaxa. 2980.1.2" type="journal article" year="2011">
Lindner
<emphasis id="B94BEAB30D34E071795C20DF608DF858" box="[1131,1180,1934,1960]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">et al</emphasis>
. 2011
</bibRefCitation>
;
<bibRefCitation id="EFAE4B500D34E07179DA20DE6181F858" author="Stechow, E." box="[1261,1424,1934,1960]" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" pagination="120 - 136" refId="ref69115" refString="Stechow, E. (1914) Zur Kenntnis neuer oder seltener Hydroidpolypen, meist Campanulariden, aus Amerika und Norwegen. Zoologischer Anzeiger, 45, 120 - 136." type="journal article" year="1914">Stechow 1914</bibRefCitation>
). Such characters correspond with material examined here. From these descriptions the two species seem much alike and, if conspecific, the binomen
<taxonomicName id="4C3F4D220D34E0717F322087666DF800" baseAuthorityName="Clarke" baseAuthorityYear="1907" box="[517,636,2006,2033]" class="Hydrozoa" family="Campanulariidae" genus="Clytia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Leptothecata" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="obliqua">
<emphasis id="B94BEAB30D34E0717F322087666DF800" box="[517,636,2006,2033]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">C. obliqua</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
would have priority.
</paragraph>
<caption id="DF4066290D35E0707DA0205760D5F807" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5802932" ID-Zenodo-Dep="5802932" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5802932/files/figure.png" pageId="17" pageNumber="18" startId="17.[151,250,1799,1823]" targetBox="[163,1432,198,1757]" targetPageId="17">
<paragraph id="8B8036A10D35E0707DA0205760D5F807" blockId="17.[151,1437,1799,2039]" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">
<emphasis id="B94BEAB30D35E0707DA020576732F8EF" bold="true" box="[151,803,1799,1823]" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">
FIGURE 5.
<taxonomicName id="4C3F4D220D35E0707C2D2057656FF8EF" authorityName="Cockerell" authorityYear="1911" box="[282,382,1799,1823]" class="Hydrozoa" family="Clytiidae" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Leptothecata" pageId="17" pageNumber="18" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="family">Clytiidae</taxonomicName>
. a,
<taxonomicName id="4C3F4D220D35E0707C9320576732F8EF" authority="(Thornely, 1900)" baseAuthorityName="Thornely" baseAuthorityYear="1900" box="[420,803,1799,1823]" class="Hydrozoa" family="Campanulariidae" genus="Clytia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Leptothecata" pageId="17" pageNumber="18" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="brevithecata">
<emphasis id="B94BEAB30D35E0707C9320576678F8EF" bold="true" box="[420,617,1799,1823]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">Clytia brevithecata</emphasis>
(
<bibRefCitation id="EFAE4B500D35E0707F402057670DF8EF" author="Thornely, L. R." box="[631,796,1799,1823]" pageId="17" pageNumber="18" pagination="451 - 457" refId="ref69581" refString="Thornely, L. R. (1900) The hydroid zoophytes collected by Dr. Willey in the southern seas. In: Willey, A., Zoological results based on material from New Britain, New Guinea, Loyalty Islands and elsewhere. Part IV. Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, pp 451 - 457." type="book chapter" year="1900">Thornely, 1900</bibRefCitation>
)
</taxonomicName>
</emphasis>
, hydrotheca and pedicel, Nihoa, ROMIZ B5414. Scale equals 0.2 mm.
<emphasis id="B94BEAB30D35E0707DC6207B6690F8B3" bold="true" box="[241,641,1835,1859]" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">
b,
<taxonomicName id="4C3F4D220D35E0707C3C207B6690F8B3" authority="Stechow, 1914" authorityName="Stechow" authorityYear="1914" box="[267,641,1835,1859]" class="Hydrozoa" family="Campanulariidae" genus="Clytia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Leptothecata" pageId="17" pageNumber="18" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="elsaeoswaldae">
<emphasis id="B94BEAB30D35E0707C3C207B65F2F8B3" bold="true" box="[267,483,1835,1859]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">Clytia elsaeoswaldae</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="EFAE4B500D35E0707CDE207B6690F8B3" author="Stechow, E." box="[489,641,1835,1859]" pageId="17" pageNumber="18" pagination="120 - 136" refId="ref69115" refString="Stechow, E. (1914) Zur Kenntnis neuer oder seltener Hydroidpolypen, meist Campanulariden, aus Amerika und Norwegen. Zoologischer Anzeiger, 45, 120 - 136." type="journal article" year="1914">Stechow, 1914</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
</emphasis>
, hydrotheca and pedicel, Midway Atoll, ROMIZ B5415. Scale equals 0.1 mm.
<emphasis id="B94BEAB30D35E0707DA0201F663EF897" bold="true" box="[151,559,1871,1895]" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">
c,
<taxonomicName id="4C3F4D220D35E0707D85201F663EF897" authority="Stechow, 1914" authorityName="Stechow" authorityYear="1914" box="[178,559,1871,1895]" class="Hydrozoa" family="Campanulariidae" genus="Clytia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Leptothecata" pageId="17" pageNumber="18" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="elsaeoswaldae">
<emphasis id="B94BEAB30D35E0707D85201F659DF897" bold="true" box="[178,396,1871,1895]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">Clytia elsaeoswaldae</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="EFAE4B500D35E0707CA2201F663EF897" author="Stechow, E." box="[405,559,1871,1895]" pageId="17" pageNumber="18" pagination="120 - 136" refId="ref69115" refString="Stechow, E. (1914) Zur Kenntnis neuer oder seltener Hydroidpolypen, meist Campanulariden, aus Amerika und Norwegen. Zoologischer Anzeiger, 45, 120 - 136." type="journal article" year="1914">Stechow, 1914</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
</emphasis>
, gonotheca, Midway Atoll, ROMIZ B5415. Scale equals 0.1 mm.
<emphasis id="B94BEAB30D35E07079DD201F655DF87B" bold="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">
d,
<taxonomicName id="4C3F4D220D35E0707830201F655DF87B" authority="(Thornely, 1900)" baseAuthorityName="Thornely" baseAuthorityYear="1900" class="Hydrozoa" family="Campanulariidae" genus="Clytia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Leptothecata" pageId="17" pageNumber="18" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="linearis">
<emphasis id="B94BEAB30D35E0707830201F618DF897" bold="true" box="[1287,1436,1871,1895]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">Clytia linearis</emphasis>
(
<bibRefCitation id="EFAE4B500D35E0707DA920236554F87B" author="Thornely, L. R." box="[158,325,1907,1931]" pageId="17" pageNumber="18" pagination="451 - 457" refId="ref69581" refString="Thornely, L. R. (1900) The hydroid zoophytes collected by Dr. Willey in the southern seas. In: Willey, A., Zoological results based on material from New Britain, New Guinea, Loyalty Islands and elsewhere. Part IV. Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, pp 451 - 457." type="book chapter" year="1900">Thornely, 1900</bibRefCitation>
)
</taxonomicName>
</emphasis>
, hydrotheca and distal end of pedicel, Gardner Pinnacles, ROMIZ B5418. Scale equals 0.2 mm.
<emphasis id="B94BEAB30D35E07078732023658FF85F" bold="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">
e,
<taxonomicName id="4C3F4D220D35E07078692023658FF85F" authority="(Thornely, 1900)" baseAuthorityName="Thornely" baseAuthorityYear="1900" class="Hydrozoa" family="Campanulariidae" genus="Clytia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Leptothecata" pageId="17" pageNumber="18" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="linearis">
<emphasis id="B94BEAB30D35E0707869202364F7F85F" bold="true" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">Clytia linearis</emphasis>
(
<bibRefCitation id="EFAE4B500D35E0707DC420C76586F85F" author="Thornely, L. R." box="[243,407,1943,1967]" pageId="17" pageNumber="18" pagination="451 - 457" refId="ref69581" refString="Thornely, L. R. (1900) The hydroid zoophytes collected by Dr. Willey in the southern seas. In: Willey, A., Zoological results based on material from New Britain, New Guinea, Loyalty Islands and elsewhere. Part IV. Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, pp 451 - 457." type="book chapter" year="1900">Thornely, 1900</bibRefCitation>
)
</taxonomicName>
</emphasis>
, gonotheca, Laysan Island, ROMIZ B5417. Scale equals 0.2 mm.
<emphasis id="B94BEAB30D35E070790B20C764C3F823" bold="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">
f,
<taxonomicName id="4C3F4D220D35E070796620C764C3F823" authority="(McCrady, 1859)" baseAuthorityName="McCrady" baseAuthorityYear="1859" class="Hydrozoa" family="Campanulariidae" genus="Clytia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Leptothecata" pageId="17" pageNumber="18" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="noliformis">
<emphasis id="B94BEAB30D35E070796620C7609EF85F" bold="true" box="[1105,1167,1943,1967]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">Clytia</emphasis>
cf.
<emphasis id="B94BEAB30D35E070798320C76131F85F" bold="true" box="[1204,1312,1943,1967]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">noliformis</emphasis>
(
<bibRefCitation id="EFAE4B500D35E070781920C764DAF823" author="McCrady, J." pageId="17" pageNumber="18" pagination="103 - 221" refId="ref62819" refString="McCrady, J. (1859) Gymnopthalmata of Charleston Harbor. Proceedings of the Elliott Society of Natural History, 1, 103 - 221." type="journal article" year="1859">McCrady, 1859</bibRefCitation>
)
</taxonomicName>
</emphasis>
, hydrotheca and pedicel, Pearl &amp; Hermes Atoll, ROMIZ B5419. Scale equals 0.2 mm.
<emphasis id="B94BEAB30D35E070790D20EB64C3F807" bold="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">
g,
<taxonomicName id="4C3F4D220D35E070796520EB64C3F807" authority="(McCrady, 1859)" baseAuthorityName="McCrady" baseAuthorityYear="1859" class="Hydrozoa" family="Campanulariidae" genus="Clytia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Leptothecata" pageId="17" pageNumber="18" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="noliformis">
<emphasis id="B94BEAB30D35E070796520EB6081F823" bold="true" box="[1106,1168,1979,2003]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">Clytia</emphasis>
cf.
<emphasis id="B94BEAB30D35E070798220EB6130F823" bold="true" box="[1205,1313,1979,2003]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">noliformis</emphasis>
(
<bibRefCitation id="EFAE4B500D35E070781920EB64DAF807" author="McCrady, J." pageId="17" pageNumber="18" pagination="103 - 221" refId="ref62819" refString="McCrady, J. (1859) Gymnopthalmata of Charleston Harbor. Proceedings of the Elliott Society of Natural History, 1, 103 - 221." type="journal article" year="1859">McCrady, 1859</bibRefCitation>
)
</taxonomicName>
</emphasis>
, hydrotheca and distal end of pedicel, Pearl &amp; Hermes Atoll, ROMIZ B5419. Scale equals 0.1 mm.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<paragraph id="8B8036A10D36E0737DF027C765D5FE95" blockId="18.[151,1437,151,1365]" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">
However, the identity of
<taxonomicName id="4C3F4D220D36E0737CD727C76646FF41" baseAuthorityName="Clarke" baseAuthorityYear="1907" box="[480,599,151,177]" class="Hydrozoa" family="Campanulariidae" genus="Clytia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Leptothecata" pageId="18" pageNumber="19" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="obliqua">
<emphasis id="B94BEAB30D36E0737CD727C76646FF41" box="[480,599,151,177]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">C. obliqua</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
is uncertain based on subsequent accounts of the species. After examining
<typeStatus id="548488030D36E0737DA027EB64D6FF25" box="[151,199,187,213]" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">type</typeStatus>
material of the species,
<bibRefCitation id="EFAE4B500D36E0737CEC27EB668BFF25" author="Cornelius, P. F. S." box="[475,666,187,213]" pageId="18" pageNumber="19" pagination="37 - 148" refId="ref54835" refString="Cornelius, P. F. S. (1982) Hydroids and medusae of the family Campanulariidae recorded from the eastern North Atlantic, with a world synopsis of genera. Bulletin of the British Museum (Natural History), Zoology, 42, 37 - 148." type="journal article" year="1982">Cornelius (1982)</bibRefCitation>
concluded that it was conspecific with
<taxonomicName id="4C3F4D220D36E073796E27EB6189FF25" authority="(Thornely, 1900)" baseAuthorityName="Thornely" baseAuthorityYear="1900" box="[1113,1432,187,213]" class="Hydrozoa" family="Campanulariidae" genus="Clytia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Leptothecata" pageId="18" pageNumber="19" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="linearis">
<emphasis id="B94BEAB30D36E073796E27EB60C1FF25" box="[1113,1232,187,213]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">C. linearis</emphasis>
(
<bibRefCitation id="EFAE4B500D36E07379E827EB6181FF25" author="Thornely, L. R." box="[1247,1424,187,213]" pageId="18" pageNumber="19" pagination="451 - 457" refId="ref69581" refString="Thornely, L. R. (1900) The hydroid zoophytes collected by Dr. Willey in the southern seas. In: Willey, A., Zoological results based on material from New Britain, New Guinea, Loyalty Islands and elsewhere. Part IV. Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, pp 451 - 457." type="book chapter" year="1900">Thornely, 1900</bibRefCitation>
)
</taxonomicName>
. That synonymy was followed in several other works (e.g.,
<bibRefCitation id="EFAE4B500D36E0737E29278F603EFF09" author="Gibbons, M. J. &amp; Ryland, J. S." box="[798,1071,223,249]" pageId="18" pageNumber="19" pagination="377 - 432" refId="ref57779" refString="Gibbons, M. J. &amp; Ryland, J. S. (1989) Intertidal and shallow water hydroids from Fiji. I. Athecata to Sertulariidae. Memoirs of the Queensland Museum, 27, 377 - 432." type="journal article" year="1989">Gibbons &amp; Ryland 1989</bibRefCitation>
;
<bibRefCitation id="EFAE4B500D36E073790E278F60C0FF09" author="Calder, D. R." box="[1081,1233,223,249]" pageId="18" pageNumber="19" pagination="1 - 140" refId="ref52409" refString="Calder, D. R. (1991 a) Shallow-water hydroids of Bermuda. The Thecatae, exclusive of Plumularioidea. Royal Ontario Museum, Life Sciences Contributions, 154, 1 - 140." type="journal article" year="1991">Calder 1991a</bibRefCitation>
;
<bibRefCitation id="EFAE4B500D36E07379EC278F6161FF09" author="Watson, J. E." box="[1243,1392,223,249]" pageId="18" pageNumber="19" pagination="1 - 82" refId="ref71053" refString="Watson, J. E. (2000) Hydroids (Hydrozoa: Leptothecatae) from the Beagle Gulf and Darwin Harbour, northern Australia. The Beagle, Records of the Museums and Art Galleries of the Northern Territory, 16, 1 - 82. https: // doi. org / 10.5962 / p. 254535" type="journal article" year="2000">Watson 2000</bibRefCitation>
;
<bibRefCitation id="EFAE4B500D36E073784D278F650CFEED" author="Xu, Z. - Z. &amp; Huang, J. - Q. &amp; Lin, M. &amp; Guo, D. - H. &amp; Wang, C. - G." pageId="18" pageNumber="19" pagination="459 - 945" refId="ref71597" refString="Xu, Z. - Z., Huang, J. - Q., Lin, M., Guo, D. - H. &amp; Wang, C. - G. (2014 b) The superclass Hydrozoa of the phylum Cnidaria in China. Vol. II. China Ocean Press, Beijing, 459 - 945. [in Chinese]" type="book chapter" year="2014">
Xu
<emphasis id="B94BEAB30D36E0737DA0265364D6FEED" box="[151,199,259,285]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">et al</emphasis>
. 2014b
</bibRefCitation>
;
<bibRefCitation id="EFAE4B500D36E0737C10265365A9FEED" author="Wedler, E." box="[295,440,259,285]" pageId="18" pageNumber="19" refId="ref71310" refString="Wedler, E. (2017) Hidroides del Mar Caribe con enfasis en la region de Santa Marta, Colombia. Instituto de Investigaciones Marinas y Costeras - INVEMAR. Serie de Publicaciones Generales del INVEMAR # 94, Santa Marta, Colombia, 200 pp." type="book" year="2017">Wedler 2017</bibRefCitation>
; Choong
<emphasis id="B94BEAB30D36E0737F1626536640FEED" box="[545,593,259,285]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">et al</emphasis>
. 2019). However, unlike material examined here, hydroids of
<taxonomicName id="4C3F4D220D36E07379C826536164FEED" baseAuthorityName="Thornely" baseAuthorityYear="1900" box="[1279,1397,259,285]" class="Hydrozoa" family="Campanulariidae" genus="Clytia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Leptothecata" pageId="18" pageNumber="19" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="linearis">
<emphasis id="B94BEAB30D36E07379C826536164FEED" box="[1279,1397,259,285]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">C. linearis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
are mostly erect and branched, and their hydrothecal cusps are slender and regularly triangular, with an internal keellike thickening of perisarc.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B8036A10D36E0737DF0263F67F5FCE5" blockId="18.[151,1437,151,1365]" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">
Meanwhile,
<bibRefCitation id="EFAE4B500D36E0737C61263F6695FE79" author="Gibbons, M. J. &amp; Ryland, J. S." box="[342,644,367,393]" pageId="18" pageNumber="19" pagination="377 - 432" refId="ref57779" refString="Gibbons, M. J. &amp; Ryland, J. S. (1989) Intertidal and shallow water hydroids from Fiji. I. Athecata to Sertulariidae. Memoirs of the Queensland Museum, 27, 377 - 432." type="journal article" year="1989">Gibbons &amp; Ryland (1989)</bibRefCitation>
discussed the identity of a hydroid from
<collectingCountry id="F32876310D36E073795D263F6080FE79" box="[1130,1169,367,393]" name="Fiji" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">Fiji</collectingCountry>
that closely resembled
<bibRefCitation id="EFAE4B500D36E0737DA026C36559FE5D" author="Clarke, S. F." box="[151,328,403,429]" pageId="18" pageNumber="19" pagination="1 - 18" refId="ref53959" refString="Clarke, S. F. (1907) Reports on the scientific results of the expedition to the eastern tropical Pacific, in charge of Alexander Agassiz, by the U. S. Fish Commission Steamer &quot; Albatross &quot;, from October, 1904, to March, 1905, Lieut. - Commander L. M. Garrett, U. S. N., commanding. VIII. The hydroids. Memoirs of the Museum of Comparative Zoology at Harvard College, 35 (1), 1 - 18." type="journal article" year="1907">Clarke’s (1907)</bibRefCitation>
illustration of
<taxonomicName id="4C3F4D220D36E0737CC226C3667FFE5D" baseAuthorityName="Clarke" baseAuthorityYear="1907" box="[501,622,403,429]" class="Hydrozoa" family="Campanulariidae" genus="Clytia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Leptothecata" pageId="18" pageNumber="19" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="obliqua">
<emphasis id="B94BEAB30D36E0737CC226C3667FFE5D" box="[501,622,403,429]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">C. obliqua</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(although hydrothecal cusps were shown with a slant to the left rather than the right in their illustrations). They nevertheless followed
<bibRefCitation id="EFAE4B500D36E0737E6826E7600CFE21" author="Cornelius, P. F. S." box="[863,1053,439,465]" pageId="18" pageNumber="19" pagination="37 - 148" refId="ref54835" refString="Cornelius, P. F. S. (1982) Hydroids and medusae of the family Campanulariidae recorded from the eastern North Atlantic, with a world synopsis of genera. Bulletin of the British Museum (Natural History), Zoology, 42, 37 - 148." type="journal article" year="1982">Cornelius (1982)</bibRefCitation>
in concluding that
<taxonomicName id="4C3F4D220D36E07379C326E7617BFE21" baseAuthorityName="Clarke" baseAuthorityYear="1907" box="[1268,1386,439,465]" class="Hydrozoa" family="Campanulariidae" genus="Clytia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Leptothecata" pageId="18" pageNumber="19" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="obliqua">
<emphasis id="B94BEAB30D36E07379C326E7617BFE21" box="[1268,1386,439,465]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">C. obliqua</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
was conspecific with
<taxonomicName id="4C3F4D220D36E0737C6F268B65DEFE05" baseAuthorityName="Thornely" baseAuthorityYear="1900" box="[344,463,475,501]" class="Hydrozoa" family="Campanulariidae" genus="Clytia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Leptothecata" pageId="18" pageNumber="19" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="linearis">
<emphasis id="B94BEAB30D36E0737C6F268B65DEFE05" box="[344,463,475,501]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">C. linearis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, and identified their hydroids as
<emphasis id="B94BEAB30D36E0737E73268B6746FE05" box="[836,855,475,501]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">C</emphasis>
.?
<taxonomicName id="4C3F4D220D36E0737E45268B67D9FE05" baseAuthorityName="Sars" baseAuthorityYear="1850" box="[882,968,475,501]" class="Hydrozoa" family="Campanulariidae" genus="Clytia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Leptothecata" pageId="18" pageNumber="19" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="gracilis">
<emphasis id="B94BEAB30D36E0737E45268B67D9FE05" box="[882,968,475,501]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">gracilis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
instead. A
<typeStatus id="548488030D36E0737971268B608CFE05" box="[1094,1181,475,501]" pageId="18" pageNumber="19" type="syntype">syntype</typeStatus>
of
<taxonomicName id="4C3F4D220D36E07379F4268B612AFE05" baseAuthorityName="Clarke" baseAuthorityYear="1907" box="[1219,1339,475,501]" class="Hydrozoa" family="Campanulariidae" genus="Clytia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Leptothecata" pageId="18" pageNumber="19" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="obliqua">
<emphasis id="B94BEAB30D36E07379F4268B612AFE05" box="[1219,1339,475,501]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">C. obliqua</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(USNM 29616) examined during their deliberations was said to be branched, with tall hydrothecae. That seems at least somewhat at variance with the original account of
<bibRefCitation id="EFAE4B500D36E0737FFC25736778FDCD" author="Clarke, S. F." box="[715,873,547,573]" pageId="18" pageNumber="19" pagination="1 - 18" refId="ref53959" refString="Clarke, S. F. (1907) Reports on the scientific results of the expedition to the eastern tropical Pacific, in charge of Alexander Agassiz, by the U. S. Fish Commission Steamer &quot; Albatross &quot;, from October, 1904, to March, 1905, Lieut. - Commander L. M. Garrett, U. S. N., commanding. VIII. The hydroids. Memoirs of the Museum of Comparative Zoology at Harvard College, 35 (1), 1 - 18." type="journal article" year="1907">Clarke (1907)</bibRefCitation>
, who described the species as “…a small creeping form with peduncles from
<quantity id="4CC79B440D36E0737CF325176614FD91" box="[452,517,583,609]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.0" pageId="18" pageNumber="19" unit="mm" value="1.0">1 mm</quantity>
to 1½ mm in height.” The specimens portrayed in Clarke’s illustrations were stolonal, and hydrothecae were not particularly deep. Moreover, unlike in
<taxonomicName id="4C3F4D220D36E0737E81253B611CFD75" authority=", Gibbons &amp; Ryland" authorityName="Gibbons &amp; Ryland" box="[950,1293,619,645]" class="Hydrozoa" family="Campanulariidae" genus="Clytia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Leptothecata" pageId="18" pageNumber="19" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="linearis">
<emphasis id="B94BEAB30D36E0737E81253B603CFD75" box="[950,1069,619,645]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">C. linearis</emphasis>
, Gibbons &amp; Ryland
</taxonomicName>
observed no keel-like thickening on the inner edge of the cusps in the type. Given the conflicting accounts of
<taxonomicName id="4C3F4D220D36E07379EE25DF6141FD59" baseAuthorityName="Clarke" baseAuthorityYear="1907" box="[1241,1360,655,681]" class="Hydrozoa" family="Campanulariidae" genus="Clytia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Leptothecata" pageId="18" pageNumber="19" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="obliqua">
<emphasis id="B94BEAB30D36E07379EE25DF6141FD59" box="[1241,1360,655,681]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">C. obliqua</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, along with the lack of gonophores in Clarke’s material, the species is regarded here as a
<emphasis id="B94BEAB30D36E073791725E360E0FD3D" box="[1056,1265,691,717]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">species inquirenda</emphasis>
. The type of
<taxonomicName id="4C3F4D220D36E07378B425E364FCFD01" baseAuthorityName="Clarke" baseAuthorityYear="1907" class="Hydrozoa" family="Campanulariidae" genus="Clytia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Leptothecata" pageId="18" pageNumber="19" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="obliqua">
<emphasis id="B94BEAB30D36E07378B425E364FCFD01" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">C. obliqua</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
at the NMNH was unavailable for examination during this study because of the pandemic outbreak in 2019. Hydroids examined here have therefore been assigned to C.
<taxonomicName id="4C3F4D220D36E0737E0D25AB67CCFCE5" authorityName="Stechow" authorityYear="1914" box="[826,989,763,789]" class="Hydrozoa" family="Campanulariidae" genus="Clytia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Leptothecata" pageId="18" pageNumber="19" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="elsaeoswaldae">
<emphasis id="B94BEAB30D36E0737E0D25AB67CCFCE5" box="[826,989,763,789]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">elsaeoswaldae</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B8036A10D36E0737DF0244F650BFC1D" blockId="18.[151,1437,151,1365]" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">
<taxonomicName id="4C3F4D220D36E0737DF0244F65A7FCC9" authorityName="Stechow" authorityYear="1914" box="[199,438,799,825]" class="Hydrozoa" family="Campanulariidae" genus="Clytia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Leptothecata" pageId="18" pageNumber="19" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="elsaeoswaldae">
<emphasis id="B94BEAB30D36E0737DF0244F65A7FCC9" box="[199,438,799,825]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">Clytia elsaeoswaldae</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
is morphologically close to the much better-known
<taxonomicName id="4C3F4D220D36E0737931244F6128FCC9" authority="(M. Sars, 1850)" baseAuthorityName="M. Sars" baseAuthorityYear="1850" box="[1030,1337,798,825]" class="Hydrozoa" family="Campanulariidae" genus="Clytia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Leptothecata" pageId="18" pageNumber="19" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="gracilis">
<emphasis id="B94BEAB30D36E0737931244F606CFCC9" box="[1030,1149,799,825]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">C. gracilis</emphasis>
(M.
<bibRefCitation id="EFAE4B500D36E0737981244F6120FCC9" author="Sars, M." box="[1206,1329,798,825]" pageId="18" pageNumber="19" pagination="121 - 211" refId="ref68067" refString="Sars, M. (1850) Beretning om en i Sommeren 1849 foretagen zoologisk Reise i Lofoten og Finmarken. Nyt Magazin for Naturvidenskaberne, 6, 121 - 211." type="journal article" year="1850">Sars, 1850</bibRefCitation>
)
</taxonomicName>
,
<typeStatus id="548488030D36E0737872244F6164FCC9" box="[1349,1397,799,825]" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">type</typeStatus>
locality Lofoten,
<collectingCountry id="F32876310D36E0737C752413658FFCAD" box="[322,414,835,861]" name="Norway" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">Norway</collectingCountry>
. Progress has been made in distinguishing the tropical to warm-temperate C.
<taxonomicName id="4C3F4D220D36E07379CE2413618DFCAD" authorityName="Stechow" authorityYear="1914" box="[1273,1436,835,861]" class="Hydrozoa" family="Campanulariidae" genus="Clytia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Leptothecata" pageId="18" pageNumber="19" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="elsaeoswaldae">
<emphasis id="B94BEAB30D36E07379CE2413618DFCAD" box="[1273,1436,835,861]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">elsaeoswaldae</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
from the boreal
<taxonomicName id="4C3F4D220D36E0737C7D243765D0FC71" baseAuthorityName="Sars" baseAuthorityYear="1850" box="[330,449,871,897]" class="Hydrozoa" family="Campanulariidae" genus="Clytia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Leptothecata" pageId="18" pageNumber="19" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="gracilis">
<emphasis id="B94BEAB30D36E0737C7D243765D0FC71" box="[330,449,871,897]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">C. gracilis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
based on characters noted above (
<bibRefCitation id="EFAE4B500D36E0737E0824376008FC71" author="Lindner, A. &amp; Govindarajan, A. F. &amp; Migotto, A. E." box="[831,1049,871,897]" pageId="18" pageNumber="19" pagination="23 - 36" refId="ref61937" refString="Lindner, A., Govindarajan, A. F. &amp; Migotto, A. E. (2011) Cryptic species, life cycles, and the phylogeny of Clytia (Cnidaria: Hydrozoa: Campanulariidae). Zootaxa, 2980, 23 - 36. https: // doi. org / 10.11646 / zootaxa. 2980.1.2" type="journal article" year="2011">
Lindner
<emphasis id="B94BEAB30D36E0737E97243767C0FC71" box="[928,977,871,897]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">et al</emphasis>
. 2011
</bibRefCitation>
;
<bibRefCitation id="EFAE4B500D36E0737913243760E1FC71" author="Cunha, A. F. &amp; Collins, A. G. &amp; Marques, A. C." box="[1060,1264,871,897]" pageId="18" pageNumber="19" pagination="417 - 447" refId="ref55140" refString="Cunha, A. F., Collins, A. G. &amp; Marques, A. C. (2020) When morphometry meets taxonomy: morphological variation and species boundaries in Proboscoida (Cnidaria: Hydrozoa). Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society, 190, 417 - 447. https: // doi. org / 10.1093 / zoolinnean / zlz 166" type="journal article" year="2020">
<collectingCountry id="F32876310D36E07379132437607CFC71" box="[1060,1133,871,897]" name="Saint Helena, Ascension and Tristan da Cunha" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">Cunha</collectingCountry>
<emphasis id="B94BEAB30D36E0737943243760B4FC71" box="[1140,1189,871,897]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">et al</emphasis>
. 2020
</bibRefCitation>
). Records of
<taxonomicName id="4C3F4D220D36E07378B4243764FCFC55" baseAuthorityName="Sars" baseAuthorityYear="1850" class="Hydrozoa" family="Campanulariidae" genus="Clytia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Leptothecata" pageId="18" pageNumber="19" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="gracilis">
<emphasis id="B94BEAB30D36E07378B4243764FCFC55" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">C. gracilis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
from the tropical Pacific Ocean, including the Hawaiian Islands (
<bibRefCitation id="EFAE4B500D36E0737EF824DB6085FC55" author="Coles, S. L. &amp; Bolick, H. &amp; Hauk, B. &amp; Montgomery, A." box="[975,1172,907,933]" pageId="18" pageNumber="19" pagination="1 - 204" refId="ref54086" refString="Coles, S. L., Bolick, H., Hauk, B. &amp; Montgomery, A. (2009) Ten year resurveys of the biodiversity of marine communities and introduced species in Pearl Harbor, Honolulu Harbor, and Ke'ehi Lagoon, O'ahu, Hawai'i. Bishop Museum Technical Report, 48, 1 - 204." type="journal article" year="2009">
Coles
<emphasis id="B94BEAB30D36E073792F24DB605BFC55" box="[1048,1098,907,933]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">et al</emphasis>
. 2009
</bibRefCitation>
), are therefore believed to have been based on misidentifications of the present species. Its is likely much more widespread than currently recognized.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B8036A10D36E0737DF024A76569FB51" blockId="18.[151,1437,151,1365]" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">
<emphasis id="B94BEAB30D36E0737DF024A765C9FBE0" bold="true" box="[199,472,1014,1041]" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">Reported Distribution.</emphasis>
Hawaiian archipelago. Oahu: Pearl Harbor, West Loch entrance channel (
<bibRefCitation id="EFAE4B500D36E073782C24A764C3FBC5" author="Coles, S. L. &amp; Bolick, H. &amp; Hauk, B. &amp; Montgomery, A." pageId="18" pageNumber="19" pagination="1 - 204" refId="ref54086" refString="Coles, S. L., Bolick, H., Hauk, B. &amp; Montgomery, A. (2009) Ten year resurveys of the biodiversity of marine communities and introduced species in Pearl Harbor, Honolulu Harbor, and Ke'ehi Lagoon, O'ahu, Hawai'i. Bishop Museum Technical Report, 48, 1 - 204." type="journal article" year="2009">
Coles
<emphasis id="B94BEAB30D36E073785324A76184FBE1" box="[1380,1429,1015,1041]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">et al</emphasis>
. 2009
</bibRefCitation>
, as
<taxonomicName id="4C3F4D220D36E0737DCC234B65D0FBC5" baseAuthorityName="Sars" baseAuthorityYear="1850" box="[251,449,1051,1077]" class="Hydrozoa" family="Campanulariidae" genus="Clytia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Leptothecata" pageId="18" pageNumber="19" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="gracilis">
<emphasis id="B94BEAB30D36E0737DCC234B652EFBC5" box="[251,319,1051,1077]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">Clytia</emphasis>
cf.
<emphasis id="B94BEAB30D36E0737C5C234B65D0FBC5" box="[363,449,1051,1077]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">gracilis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
;
<bibRefCitation id="EFAE4B500D36E0737CF8234B664FFBC5" author="Calder, D. R." box="[463,606,1051,1077]" pageId="18" pageNumber="19" pagination="201 - 246" refId="ref52863" refString="Calder, D. R. (2020) Some leptothecate hydroids (Cnidaria, Hydrozoa) from Hawaii, mostly from inshore and nearshore waters. Zootaxa, 4830 (2), 201 - 246. https: // doi. org / 10.11646 / zootaxa. 4830.2.1" type="journal article" year="2020">Calder 2020</bibRefCitation>
); Pearl Harbor, Hospital Point South (
<bibRefCitation id="EFAE4B500D36E0737931234B60D9FBC5" author="Coles, S. L. &amp; Bolick, H. &amp; Hauk, B. &amp; Montgomery, A." box="[1030,1224,1051,1077]" pageId="18" pageNumber="19" pagination="1 - 204" refId="ref54086" refString="Coles, S. L., Bolick, H., Hauk, B. &amp; Montgomery, A. (2009) Ten year resurveys of the biodiversity of marine communities and introduced species in Pearl Harbor, Honolulu Harbor, and Ke'ehi Lagoon, O'ahu, Hawai'i. Bishop Museum Technical Report, 48, 1 - 204." type="journal article" year="2009">
Coles
<emphasis id="B94BEAB30D36E0737979234B606EFBC5" box="[1102,1151,1051,1077]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">et al</emphasis>
. 2009
</bibRefCitation>
, as
<taxonomicName id="4C3F4D220D36E07379C6234B619DFBC5" baseAuthorityName="Sars" baseAuthorityYear="1850" box="[1265,1420,1051,1077]" class="Hydrozoa" family="Campanulariidae" genus="Clytia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Leptothecata" pageId="18" pageNumber="19" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="gracilis">
<emphasis id="B94BEAB30D36E07379C6234B611AFBC5" box="[1265,1291,1051,1077]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">C.</emphasis>
cf.
<emphasis id="B94BEAB30D36E0737801234B619DFBC5" box="[1334,1420,1051,1077]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">gracilis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
); Pearl Harbor, Rainbow Bay
<taxonomicName id="4C3F4D220D36E0737CEF236F663DFBA9" box="[472,556,1087,1113]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Fabaceae" genus="Marina" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" order="Fabales" pageId="18" pageNumber="73" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">Marina</taxonomicName>
, floating buoys and docks (
<bibRefCitation id="EFAE4B500D36E0737E53236F6038FBA9" author="Coles, S. L. &amp; Bolick, H. &amp; Hauk, B. &amp; Montgomery, A." box="[868,1065,1087,1113]" pageId="18" pageNumber="19" pagination="1 - 204" refId="ref54086" refString="Coles, S. L., Bolick, H., Hauk, B. &amp; Montgomery, A. (2009) Ten year resurveys of the biodiversity of marine communities and introduced species in Pearl Harbor, Honolulu Harbor, and Ke'ehi Lagoon, O'ahu, Hawai'i. Bishop Museum Technical Report, 48, 1 - 204." type="journal article" year="2009">
Coles
<emphasis id="B94BEAB30D36E0737E9A236F67CEFBA9" box="[941,991,1087,1113]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">et al</emphasis>
. 2009
</bibRefCitation>
, as
<taxonomicName id="4C3F4D220D36E0737962236F60E0FBA9" baseAuthorityName="Sars" baseAuthorityYear="1850" box="[1109,1265,1087,1113]" class="Hydrozoa" family="Campanulariidae" genus="Clytia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Leptothecata" pageId="18" pageNumber="19" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="gracilis">
<emphasis id="B94BEAB30D36E0737962236F607FFBA9" box="[1109,1134,1087,1113]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">C.</emphasis>
cf.
<emphasis id="B94BEAB30D36E07379AC236F60E0FBA9" box="[1179,1265,1087,1113]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">gracilis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
;
<bibRefCitation id="EFAE4B500D36E0737837236F6181FBA9" author="Calder, D. R." box="[1280,1424,1087,1113]" pageId="18" pageNumber="19" pagination="201 - 246" refId="ref52863" refString="Calder, D. R. (2020) Some leptothecate hydroids (Cnidaria, Hydrozoa) from Hawaii, mostly from inshore and nearshore waters. Zootaxa, 4830 (2), 201 - 246. https: // doi. org / 10.11646 / zootaxa. 4830.2.1" type="journal article" year="2020">Calder 2020</bibRefCitation>
); Keehi Lagoon, marina docks (
<bibRefCitation id="EFAE4B500D36E0737CD9233366A2FB8D" author="Coles, S. L. &amp; Bolick, H. &amp; Hauk, B. &amp; Montgomery, A." box="[494,691,1123,1149]" pageId="18" pageNumber="19" pagination="1 - 204" refId="ref54086" refString="Coles, S. L., Bolick, H., Hauk, B. &amp; Montgomery, A. (2009) Ten year resurveys of the biodiversity of marine communities and introduced species in Pearl Harbor, Honolulu Harbor, and Ke'ehi Lagoon, O'ahu, Hawai'i. Bishop Museum Technical Report, 48, 1 - 204." type="journal article" year="2009">
Coles
<emphasis id="B94BEAB30D36E0737F002333667BFB8D" box="[567,618,1123,1149]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">et al</emphasis>
. 2009
</bibRefCitation>
, as
<taxonomicName id="4C3F4D220D36E0737FE82333676AFB8D" baseAuthorityName="Sars" baseAuthorityYear="1850" box="[735,891,1123,1149]" class="Hydrozoa" family="Campanulariidae" genus="Clytia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Leptothecata" pageId="18" pageNumber="19" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="gracilis">
<emphasis id="B94BEAB30D36E0737FE8233366E8FB8D" box="[735,761,1123,1149]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">C.</emphasis>
cf.
<emphasis id="B94BEAB30D36E0737E122333676AFB8D" box="[805,891,1123,1149]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">gracilis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
); Pearl Harbor, Rainbow Bay
<taxonomicName id="4C3F4D220D36E07379E12333613BFB8D" box="[1238,1322,1123,1149]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Fabaceae" genus="Marina" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" order="Fabales" pageId="18" pageNumber="73" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">Marina</taxonomicName>
, &lt;
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, on dock (
<bibRefCitation id="EFAE4B500D36E0737DEB23D7657CFB51" author="Calder, D. R." box="[220,365,1159,1185]" pageId="18" pageNumber="19" pagination="201 - 246" refId="ref52863" refString="Calder, D. R. (2020) Some leptothecate hydroids (Cnidaria, Hydrozoa) from Hawaii, mostly from inshore and nearshore waters. Zootaxa, 4830 (2), 201 - 246. https: // doi. org / 10.11646 / zootaxa. 4830.2.1" type="journal article" year="2020">Calder 2020</bibRefCitation>
).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B8036A10D36E0737DF023FB67CAFAA5" blockId="18.[151,1437,151,1365]" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">
Elsewhere. Tropical and warm-temperate waters of the western Atlantic, including the Caribbean Sea (
<bibRefCitation id="EFAE4B500D36E073780D23FB64C3FB19" author="Stechow, E." pageId="18" pageNumber="19" pagination="120 - 136" refId="ref69115" refString="Stechow, E. (1914) Zur Kenntnis neuer oder seltener Hydroidpolypen, meist Campanulariden, aus Amerika und Norwegen. Zoologischer Anzeiger, 45, 120 - 136." type="journal article" year="1914">Stechow 1914</bibRefCitation>
;
<bibRefCitation id="EFAE4B500D36E0737DE9239F65A4FB19" author="Lindner, A. &amp; Govindarajan, A. F. &amp; Migotto, A. E." box="[222,437,1231,1257]" pageId="18" pageNumber="19" pagination="23 - 36" refId="ref61937" refString="Lindner, A., Govindarajan, A. F. &amp; Migotto, A. E. (2011) Cryptic species, life cycles, and the phylogeny of Clytia (Cnidaria: Hydrozoa: Campanulariidae). Zootaxa, 2980, 23 - 36. https: // doi. org / 10.11646 / zootaxa. 2980.1.2" type="journal article" year="2011">
Lindner
<emphasis id="B94BEAB30D36E0737C0A239F657FFB19" box="[317,366,1231,1257]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">et al</emphasis>
. 2011
</bibRefCitation>
; Calder 2019) and the warm eastern Pacific (
<bibRefCitation id="EFAE4B500D36E0737E9C239F60A3FB19" author="Bryant, P. J. &amp; Arehart, T. E." box="[939,1202,1231,1257]" pageId="18" pageNumber="19" pagination="0218848" refId="ref52036" refString="Bryant, P. J. &amp; Arehart, T. E. (2019) Diversity and life-cycle analysis of Pacific Ocean zooplankton by videomicroscopy and DNA barcoding: Hydrozoa. PLoS ONE, 14 (10), e 0218848. https: // doi. org / 10.1371 / journal. pone. 0218848" type="journal article" year="2019">Bryant &amp; Arehart 2019</bibRefCitation>
, medusa stage). If
<taxonomicName id="4C3F4D220D36E07378B4239F64FCFAFD" baseAuthorityName="Clarke" baseAuthorityYear="1907" class="Hydrozoa" family="Campanulariidae" genus="Clytia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Leptothecata" pageId="18" pageNumber="19" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="obliqua">
<emphasis id="B94BEAB30D36E07378B4239F64FCFAFD" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">C. obliqua</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
is conspecific, the species has also been reported from
<collectingCountry id="F32876310D36E0737E6923A367ABFAFD" box="[862,954,1267,1293]" name="Panama" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">Panama</collectingCountry>
, Pacific coast (
<bibRefCitation id="EFAE4B500D36E073795523A360E3FAFD" author="Clarke, S. F." box="[1122,1266,1267,1293]" pageId="18" pageNumber="19" pagination="1 - 18" refId="ref53959" refString="Clarke, S. F. (1907) Reports on the scientific results of the expedition to the eastern tropical Pacific, in charge of Alexander Agassiz, by the U. S. Fish Commission Steamer &quot; Albatross &quot;, from October, 1904, to March, 1905, Lieut. - Commander L. M. Garrett, U. S. N., commanding. VIII. The hydroids. Memoirs of the Museum of Comparative Zoology at Harvard College, 35 (1), 1 - 18." type="journal article" year="1907">Clarke 1907</bibRefCitation>
),
<collectingCountry id="F32876310D36E073783123A36157FAFD" box="[1286,1350,1267,1293]" name="Japan" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">Japan</collectingCountry>
(
<bibRefCitation id="EFAE4B500D36E073786323A364C3FAC1" author="Fraser, C. M." pageId="18" pageNumber="19" pagination="49 - 54" refId="ref56533" refString="Fraser, C. M. (1936) Some Japanese hydroids, mostly new. Π. Transactions of the Royal Society of Canada, Series 3, Section 5, 30, 49 - 54." type="journal article" year="1936">Fraser 1936</bibRefCitation>
;
<bibRefCitation id="EFAE4B500D36E0737DEA2247656CFAC1" author="Hirohito &amp; The Showa Emperor" box="[221,381,1303,1329]" pageId="18" pageNumber="19" refId="ref59657" refString="Hirohito, The Showa Emperor (1969) Some hydrozoans of the Amakusa Islands. Biological Laboratory, Imperial Household, Tokyo, 32 pp." type="book" year="1969">Hirohito 1969</bibRefCitation>
,
<bibRefCitation id="EFAE4B500D36E0737CB0224665D3FAC1" author="Hirohito &amp; The Showa Emperor" box="[391,450,1302,1329]" pageId="18" pageNumber="19" refId="ref59764" refString="Hirohito, The Showa Emperor (1995) The hydroids of Sagami Bay Part 2. Thecata. Biological Laboratory, Imperial Household, Tokyo, 355 pp." type="book" year="1995">1995</bibRefCitation>
),
<collectingRegion id="49FBF8430D36E0737CE222476658FAC1" box="[469,585,1303,1329]" country="United States of America" name="California" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">California</collectingRegion>
,
<collectingCountry id="F32876310D36E0737F6422476698FAC1" box="[595,649,1303,1329]" name="United States of America" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">USA</collectingCountry>
(
<bibRefCitation id="EFAE4B500D36E0737FA022476731FAC1" author="Fraser, C. M." box="[663,800,1303,1329]" pageId="18" pageNumber="19" pagination="179 - 343" refId="ref56732" refString="Fraser, C. M. (1948) Hydroids of the Allan Hancock Pacific Expeditions since March, 1938. Allan Hancock Pacific Expeditions, 4 (5), 179 - 343." type="journal article" year="1948">Fraser 1948</bibRefCitation>
), and
<collectingCountry id="F32876310D36E0737E55224767AEFAC1" box="[866,959,1303,1329]" name="Ecuador" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">Ecuador</collectingCountry>
(
<bibRefCitation id="EFAE4B500D36E0737EFB22476088FAC1" author="Calder, D. R. &amp; Carlton, J. T. &amp; Larson, K. &amp; Mallinson, J. J. &amp; Choong, H. H. C. &amp; Keith, I. &amp; Ruiz, G. M." box="[972,1177,1303,1329]" pageId="18" pageNumber="19" pagination="21 - 58" refId="ref53074" refString="Calder, D. R., Carlton, J. T., Larson, K., Mallinson, J. J., Choong, H. H. C., Keith, I. &amp; Ruiz, G. M. (2019) Hydroids (Cnidaria, Hydrozoa) from marine fouling assemblages in the Galapagos Islands, Ecuador. Aquatic Invasions, 14, 21 - 58. https: // doi. org / 10.3391 / ai. 2019.14.1.02" type="journal article" year="2019">
Calder
<emphasis id="B94BEAB30D36E07379282247605EFAC1" box="[1055,1103,1303,1329]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">et al</emphasis>
. 2019
</bibRefCitation>
). A report of
<taxonomicName id="4C3F4D220D36E07378102247618CFAC1" baseAuthorityName="Clarke" baseAuthorityYear="1907" box="[1319,1437,1303,1329]" class="Hydrozoa" family="Campanulariidae" genus="Clytia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Leptothecata" pageId="18" pageNumber="19" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="obliqua">
<emphasis id="B94BEAB30D36E07378102247618CFAC1" box="[1319,1437,1303,1329]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">C. obliqua</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
from the Mediterranean coast of
<collectingCountry id="F32876310D36E0737F30226B6642FAA5" box="[519,595,1339,1365]" name="France" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">France</collectingCountry>
(
<bibRefCitation id="EFAE4B500D36E0737F55226B66FAFAA5" author="Picard, J." box="[610,747,1338,1365]" pageId="18" pageNumber="19" pagination="51 - 52" refId="ref66103" refString="Picard, J. (1950) Observations sur les hydraires recoltes aux Martigues dans le canal de Caronte. Vie et Milieu, 1, 51 - 52." type="journal article" year="1950">Picard 1950</bibRefCitation>
) seems questionable.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>
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