158 lines
20 KiB
XML
158 lines
20 KiB
XML
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<mods:title id="99A12FC77233081152C51934F3D8022F">Review of Rhabdiasidae (Nematoda) from the Holarctic</mods:title>
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<treatment id="039087A9FF94FFAE09F0FD48AD7DCD0D" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5262569" ID-Zenodo-Dep="5262569" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:039087A9FF94FFAE09F0FD48AD7DCD0D" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/039087A9FF94FFAE09F0FD48AD7DCD0D" lastPageNumber="60" pageId="59" pageNumber="60">
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<taxonomicName id="4C394D3CFF94FFAE09F0FD48AC7EC8C0" ID-CoL="99V22" authority="entomelas (Dujardin, 1845) Travassos, 1930" authorityName="entomelas (Dujardin, 1845) Travassos" authorityYear="1930" baseAuthorityName="Dujardin" baseAuthorityYear="1845" box="[151,827,655,681]" class="Chromadorea" family="Rhabdiasidae" genus="Entomelas" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rhabditida" pageId="59" pageNumber="60" phylum="Nematoda" rank="species" species="entomelas">
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<emphasis id="B94DEAADFF94FFAE09F0FD48AC7EC8C0" bold="true" box="[151,827,655,681]" pageId="59" pageNumber="60">
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<emphasis id="B94DEAADFF94FFAE09F0FD48AEDCC8C0" bold="true" box="[151,409,655,681]" italics="true" pageId="59" pageNumber="60">Entomelas entomelas</emphasis>
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(
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<bibRefCitation id="EFA84B4EFF94FFAE08C0FD48AD2DC8C0" author="Dujardin, F." box="[423,616,655,681]" pageId="59" pageNumber="60" refId="ref41224" refString="Dujardin, F. (1845) Histoire Naturelle des Helminthes ou vers Intestinaux. Librairie Encyclopedique de Roret, Paris, 654 pp. http: // dx. doi. org / 10.5962 / bhl. title. 10123" type="book" year="1845">Dujardin, 1845</bibRefCitation>
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)
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<bibRefCitation id="EFA84B4EFF94FFAE0B10FD48AC7EC8C0" author="Travassos, L." box="[631,827,655,681]" pageId="59" pageNumber="60" pagination="161 - 181" refId="ref44956" refString="Travassos, L. (1930) Pesquizas helminthologicas realisados em Hamburgo. VII. Notas sobre os Rhabdiasoidea Railliet, 1916 (Nematoda). Memorias do Instituto Oswaldo Cruz, 24, 161 - 181." type="journal article" year="1930">Travassos, 1930</bibRefCitation>
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</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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</heading>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C3236534FF94FFAE09F0FD75AD7DCD0D" pageId="59" pageNumber="60" type="description">
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<paragraph id="8B8636BFFF94FFAE09F0FD75AE73C8A3" blockId="59.[151,827,655,714]" box="[151,310,690,714]" pageId="59" pageNumber="60">
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(
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<figureCitation id="13022A3AFF94FFAE09F8FD75AE6BC8A3" box="[159,302,690,714]" captionStart="FIGURE 31" captionStartId="58.[151,250,1242,1265]" captionTargetBox="[158,1421,208,1216]" captionTargetId="figure-373@58.[151,1436,193,1221]" captionTargetPageId="58" captionText="FIGURE 31. A—E. entomelas, head end, lateral view; B—E. entomelas, tail end, lateral view; C—E. entomelas, head end, apical view; D—E. entomelas, anterior part of body, lateral view; E—E. dujardini, anterior part of body, lateral view; F—E. dujardini, head end, lateral view; G—E. dujardini, head end, apical view; H—E. dujardini, tail end, lateral view. Scale bars: A...D, H—0.1 mm; E—0.2 mm; F—0.05 mm; G—0.025 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5262693" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5262693/files/figure.png" pageId="59" pageNumber="60">Fig. 31 A–D</figureCitation>
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)
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8B8636BFFF94FFAE09F0FD3DAE45C946" blockId="59.[151,1436,762,815]" pageId="59" pageNumber="60">
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Synonyms:
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<taxonomicName id="4C394D3CFF94FFAE0868FD3DADD6C979" authority="Dujardin, 1845" authorityName="Dujardin" authorityYear="1845" box="[271,659,762,784]" class="Secernentea" family="Rhabdiasidae" genus="Angiostoma" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rhabditida" pageId="59" pageNumber="60" phylum="Nematoda" rank="species" species="entomelas">
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<emphasis id="B94DEAADFF94FFAE0868FD3DAEB1C979" box="[271,500,762,784]" italics="true" pageId="59" pageNumber="60">Angiostoma entomelas</emphasis>
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<bibRefCitation id="EFA84B4EFF94FFAE089DFD3DADD6C979" author="Dujardin, F." box="[506,659,762,784]" pageId="59" pageNumber="60" refId="ref41224" refString="Dujardin, F. (1845) Histoire Naturelle des Helminthes ou vers Intestinaux. Librairie Encyclopedique de Roret, Paris, 654 pp. http: // dx. doi. org / 10.5962 / bhl. title. 10123" type="book" year="1845">Dujardin, 1845</bibRefCitation>
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</taxonomicName>
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(part.);
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<taxonomicName id="4C394D3CFF94FFAE0B83FD3DAB3CC979" authority="Linstow, 1975" authorityName="Linstow" authorityYear="1975" box="[740,1145,762,784]" class="Secernentea" family="Rhabdiasidae" genus="Angiostoma" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rhabditida" pageId="59" pageNumber="60" phylum="Nematoda" rank="species" species="macrostoma">
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<emphasis id="B94DEAADFF94FFAE0B83FD3DACA5C979" box="[740,992,762,784]" italics="true" pageId="59" pageNumber="60">Angiostoma macrostoma</emphasis>
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Linstow, 1975
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</taxonomicName>
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;
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<taxonomicName id="4C394D3CFF94FFAE0DE4FD3DAFB8C946" authority="Seurat, 1916" authorityName="Seurat" authorityYear="1916" class="Chromadorea" family="Rhabdiasidae" genus="Rhabdias" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rhabditida" pageId="59" pageNumber="60" phylum="Nematoda" rank="species" species="entomelas">
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<emphasis id="B94DEAADFF94FFAE0DE4FD3DAA0AC979" box="[1155,1359,762,784]" italics="true" pageId="59" pageNumber="60">Rhabdias entomelas</emphasis>
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<bibRefCitation id="EFA84B4EFF94FFAE0C33FD3DAFB8C946" author="Seurat, L. G." pageId="59" pageNumber="60" pagination="297 - 377" refId="ref44482" refString="Seurat, L. G. (1916) Contributions a l'etude des formes larvaires des nematodes parasites heteroxenes. Bulletin Scientifique de la France et de la Belgique, Paris, ser. 7, 49, 297 - 377." type="journal article" year="1916">Seurat, 1916</bibRefCitation>
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</taxonomicName>
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.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8B8636BFFF94FFAE09F0FC9BAD89C91D" blockId="59.[151,1436,860,1892]" box="[151,716,860,884]" pageId="59" pageNumber="60">
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Host:
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<taxonomicName id="4C394D3CFF94FFAE09BCFC9BAE3AC91D" authorityName="Linnaeus" authorityYear="1758" box="[219,383,860,884]" class="Reptilia" family="Anguidae" genus="Anguis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="59" pageNumber="60" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="fragilis">
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<emphasis id="B94DEAADFF94FFAE09BCFC9BAE3AC91D" box="[219,383,860,884]" italics="true" pageId="59" pageNumber="60">Anguis fragilis</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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(
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<taxonomicName id="4C394D3CFF94FFAE08E8FC9BAEABC91D" box="[399,494,860,884]" class="Reptilia" kingdom="Animalia" pageId="59" pageNumber="60" phylum="Chordata" rank="class">Reptilia</taxonomicName>
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:
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<taxonomicName id="4C394D3CFF94FFAE089FFC9BAD01C91D" box="[504,580,860,884]" class="Reptilia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="59" pageNumber="75" phylum="Chordata" rank="subOrder" subOrder="Sauria">Sauria</taxonomicName>
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:
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<taxonomicName id="4C394D3CFF94FFAE0B29FC9BAD85C91D" authorityName="Gray" authorityYear="1825" box="[590,704,860,884]" class="Reptilia" family="Anguidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="59" pageNumber="60" phylum="Chordata" rank="family">Anguidae</taxonomicName>
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).
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8B8636BFFF94FFAE09A0FCB8ACEFC9FE" blockId="59.[151,1436,860,1892]" box="[199,938,895,919]" pageId="59" pageNumber="60">Site: pharynx and anterior part of oesophagus, occasionally lungs.</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8B8636BFFF94FFAE09A0FC63AD07C9D5" blockId="59.[151,1436,860,1892]" box="[199,578,932,956]" pageId="59" pageNumber="60">Distribution: Western Palaearctic.</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8B8636BFFF94FFAE09A0FC00ABBACF4D" blockId="59.[151,1436,860,1892]" pageId="59" pageNumber="60">Description. Adult hermaphrodites. Body stout, head end truncated, tail end tapered. Body length 5.53 (4.87– 6.15) mm, maximum width 282 (220–340). Body cuticle thin, transversely striated. Oral opening large, round. Lips small. Circular cuticular fold present behind lips. Buccal capsule large, barrel-shaped, 76 (63–90) deep and 107 (89–116) wide. Six teeth small, equal in shape and size, situated close to entrance to oesophageal lumen. Anterior end of oesophagus dilated. Oesophagus 644 (570–714) long (11.7 [10.1–14.4] % of body length). Width of posterior bulb 116 (102–130). Nerve ring at 117 (100–147) from anterior end of oesophagus (18.3 [15.1–23.2] % of oesophagus length). Intestine reddish. Rectum prominently sclerotised. Vulva postequatorial, at 3.30 (2.80–3.66) mm from anterior end (59.6 [55.3–65.0] % of general length). Vulva lips small. Uteri containing numerous eggs with fully developed larvae. Genital tubes bending several times at oviducts. Proximal parts of ovaries overlapping at level of vulva. Tail conical, sharply pointed, 202 (132–257) long (3.7 [2.3–4.7] % of body length).</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8B8636BFFF94FFAE09A0FAF7AFABCF95" blockId="59.[151,1436,860,1892]" pageId="59" pageNumber="60">
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Subadult hermaphrodites. Differing from adults by the absence of cuticular ring on head end. Body length
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<quantity id="4CC19B5AFF94FFAE09F0FA93AE78CF02" box="[151,317,1364,1388]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.404999999999999" metricValueMax="4.71" metricValueMin="4.1" pageId="59" pageNumber="60" unit="mm" value="4.404999999999999" valueMax="4.71" valueMin="4.1">4.10–4.71 mm</quantity>
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, maximum width 181–194. Buccal capsule 63–80 deep and 197–105 wide. Dilation of oesophagus anterior end present. Oesophagus 619–631 long (13.4–15.1 % of body length). Bulb width 84–97. Nerve ring at 119–132 from anterior end of oesophagus (19.0–21.3 % of oesophagus length). Vulva at
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<quantity id="4CC19B5AFF94FFAE0DD4FA5BAA1FCFDA" box="[1203,1370,1436,1460]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.795" metricValueMax="3.08" metricValueMin="2.51" pageId="59" pageNumber="60" unit="mm" value="2.795" valueMax="3.08" valueMin="2.51">2.51–3.08 mm</quantity>
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from anterior end (61.4–65.4 % of general length). Uteri narrow, tubular, empty. Tail 137–169 long (3.0–3.7 % of body length).
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8B8636BFFF94FFAE09A0F9C0ACEBCCBD" blockId="59.[151,1436,860,1892]" pageId="59" pageNumber="60">
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Biology. Life cycle is of rhabdiasoid
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<typeStatus id="5482881DFF94FFAE0BE7F9CFADF1CC49" box="[640,692,1544,1568]" pageId="59" pageNumber="60">type</typeStatus>
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. Free-living females have maximum
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<specimenCount id="9D3FFD36FF94FFAE0D0EF9C0ABF3CC49" box="[1129,1206,1543,1568]" pageId="59" pageNumber="60" type="egg">5 eggs</specimenCount>
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in uteri. Matricidal hatching is obligate. Infective larvae were able to infect terrestrial snails
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<taxonomicName id="4C394D3CFF94FFAE0AAFF9EAAB21CC2A" box="[968,1124,1580,1604]" class="Gastropoda" family="Agriolimacidae" genus="Deroceras" kingdom="Animalia" order="Stylommatophora" pageId="59" pageNumber="60" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="undetermined">
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<emphasis id="B94DEAADFF94FFAE0AAFF9EAAB18CC2D" box="[968,1117,1581,1604]" italics="true" pageId="59" pageNumber="60">Deroceras sp</emphasis>
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.
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</taxonomicName>
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and
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<taxonomicName id="4C394D3CFF94FFAE0DFCF9EBAA47CC2A" box="[1179,1282,1580,1604]" class="Gastropoda" family="Arionidae" genus="Arion" kingdom="Animalia" order="Stylommatophora" pageId="59" pageNumber="60" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="undetermined">
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<emphasis id="B94DEAADFF94FFAE0DFCF9EBABBFCC2D" box="[1179,1274,1580,1604]" italics="true" pageId="59" pageNumber="60">Arion sp</emphasis>
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.
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</taxonomicName>
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(
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<bibRefCitation id="EFA84B4EFF94FFAE0C77F9EBAE7FCC0E" author="Kuzmin, Y. I. & Sharpilo, V. P." pageId="59" pageNumber="60" pagination="99 - 101" refId="ref42964" refString="Kuzmin, Y. I. & Sharpilo, V. P. (2000) On the paratenic parasitism in the nematodes from the family Rhabdiasidae - parasites of anguid lizards (Anguidae). Vestnik Zoologii, 34, 99 - 101. (In Russian)." type="journal article" year="2000">Kuzmin and Sharpilo 2000</bibRefCitation>
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). Development in host is unknown. Parasitic larvae are presumed to develop in the body cavity and, thereafter, enter the pharynx, probably via migration from lungs. Subadult stages were observed in lungs and body cavity of experimentally infected slow-worms. Adults were also found in lungs of hosts investigated
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<emphasis id="B94DEAADFF94FFAE0C69F95EAADECCD9" box="[1294,1435,1689,1712]" italics="true" pageId="59" pageNumber="60">post-mortem</emphasis>
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and in the body cavity and lungs of experimentally hyperinfected host.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8B8636BFFF94FFAE09A0F927AE86CD75" blockId="59.[151,1436,860,1892]" pageId="59" pageNumber="60">
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<materialsCitation id="3B513CE2FF94FFAE09A0F927AEFACD75" collectionCode="SIZK" pageId="59" pageNumber="60" specimenCount="205" specimenCount-subadult="5">
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Material studied: over
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<specimenCount id="9D3FFD36FF94FFAE08BFF927ADC6CC91" box="[472,643,1760,1784]" pageId="59" pageNumber="60" type="generic">200 specimens</specimenCount>
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||
(
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<collectionCode id="ED28AE7AFF94FFAE0BFEF927AD9FCC91" box="[665,730,1760,1784]" country="Ukraine" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/c442-9tdv" name="Schmaulhausen Institute of Zoology" pageId="59" pageNumber="60">SIZK</collectionCode>
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) from various localities. Twenty-nine adult and
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<specimenCount id="9D3FFD36FF94FFAE0C45F927AAD9CC91" box="[1314,1436,1760,1784]" pageId="59" pageNumber="60" type="subadult">5 subadult</specimenCount>
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specimens were measured
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</materialsCitation>
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||
.
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||
</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8B8636BFFF94FFAE09A0F8EFAD7DCD0D" blockId="59.[151,1436,860,1892]" pageId="59" pageNumber="60">
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References:
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<bibRefCitation id="EFA84B4EFF94FFAE0831F8EFAD55CD29" author="Dujardin, F." box="[342,528,1832,1856]" pageId="59" pageNumber="60" refId="ref41224" refString="Dujardin, F. (1845) Histoire Naturelle des Helminthes ou vers Intestinaux. Librairie Encyclopedique de Roret, Paris, 654 pp. http: // dx. doi. org / 10.5962 / bhl. title. 10123" type="book" year="1845">Dujardin (1845)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFA84B4EFF94FFAE0B47F8EFADFBCD29" author="Seurat, L. G." box="[544,702,1832,1856]" pageId="59" pageNumber="60" pagination="297 - 377" refId="ref44482" refString="Seurat, L. G. (1916) Contributions a l'etude des formes larvaires des nematodes parasites heteroxenes. Bulletin Scientifique de la France et de la Belgique, Paris, ser. 7, 49, 297 - 377." type="journal article" year="1916">Seurat (1916)</bibRefCitation>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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</treatment>
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</document> |