152 lines
15 KiB
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152 lines
15 KiB
XML
<document id="976B96709353D9466796101A156D89AC" ID-CLB-Dataset="29222" ID-DOI="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.788.21222" ID-GBIF-Dataset="f062cb75-2d34-4171-a3f5-72fb9771df04" ID-PMC="PMC6189229" ID-Pensoft-Pub="1313-2970-788-87" ID-PubMed="30337826" ID-ZooBank="FCC76C6C5445497F9C6717A4F1A51464" ModsDocAuthor="" ModsDocDate="2018" ModsDocID="1313-2970-788-87" ModsDocOrigin="ZooKeys 788" ModsDocTitle="A review of Leucosigma Druce, 1908: a newly discovered case of fern-feeding and descriptions of three new species (Lepidoptera, Noctuidae)" checkinTime="1539050140006" checkinUser="pensoft" docAuthor="Goldstein, Paul Z., Janzen, Daniel H., Proshek, Benjamin, Dapkey, Tanya & Hallwachs, Winnie" docDate="2018" docId="325F1858F0201BB7D7521DAF5084AFA3" docLanguage="en" docName="ZooKeys 788: 87-133" docOrigin="ZooKeys 788" docSource="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.788.21222" docTitle="Leucosigma reletiva Dyar 1914" docType="treatment" docVersion="6" lastPageNumber="95" masterDocId="FFC1FD22FF872E407E7FFF8E7B5FFFF9" masterDocTitle="A review of Leucosigma Druce, 1908: a newly discovered case of fern-feeding and descriptions of three new species (Lepidoptera, Noctuidae)" masterLastPageNumber="133" masterPageNumber="87" pageNumber="93" updateTime="1701385251814" updateUser="ExternalLinkService">
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<mods:title id="10A401B37A2CB7C0D894EC5A327A529D">A review of Leucosigma Druce, 1908: a newly discovered case of fern-feeding and descriptions of three new species (Lepidoptera, Noctuidae)</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="14676BEA7992D1CDFA8B35D4DEDF52FB">Goldstein, Paul Z.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:roleTerm id="BCCB558A25651DE4C531907582108907">Author</mods:roleTerm>
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<mods:namePart id="7B954441D09B7837D7C69A41BD5FB3BD">Janzen, Daniel H.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="F9345182A5226F64F6C693D42DD6ECF9">Proshek, Benjamin</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="CAB14C4F64CFAC71E19B4E3F1BF2A1F1">Dapkey, Tanya</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="66922CEE601C210FCDB6C71908511090">Hallwachs, Winnie</mods:namePart>
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<mods:title id="6C2826130E567C5B94BA6B4A4AA8C5E3">ZooKeys</mods:title>
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<mods:date id="613D15F8E5DDC7D1DD0FD71BA37BE811">2018</mods:date>
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<mods:detail id="AD0AE4DE972C2664035BEA03DDA42D62" type="volume">
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<mods:number id="543ECCA97A9C60B87E52B1750CE21792">788</mods:number>
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<mods:start id="228887245E4DFB8807B0D2A77D228CD1">87</mods:start>
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<mods:end id="E93FD5808699A245C756CA4B069FEFDF">133</mods:end>
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<mods:url id="79214F7145C95D601CEFCF0E2D745D1D">http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.788.21222</mods:url>
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<mods:classification id="014D099288846C4404FCD14514D39B97">journal article</mods:classification>
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<mods:identifier id="B1477C5F4458DABCD3B71044CD332870" type="DOI">http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.788.21222</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier id="59C08AA54A0384B46FE4B867C5880D8F" type="Pensoft-Pub">1313-2970-788-87</mods:identifier>
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<treatment id="325F1858F0201BB7D7521DAF5084AFA3" ID-GBIF-Taxon="148657022" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:325F1858F0201BB7D7521DAF5084AFA3" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/325F1858F0201BB7D7521DAF5084AFA3" lastPageId="8" lastPageNumber="95" pageId="6" pageNumber="93">
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<subSubSection id="5DE4F5DB90B540DD9AB132A30AAA8FE8" pageId="6" pageNumber="93" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph id="EBBA43E9756C07CA00BEFEFAFD4DB50E" pageId="6" pageNumber="93">
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<taxonomicName id="221BF1ABC0DED6653B59B85E91B2D95D" ID-CoL="6PTQ2" authority="Dyar, 1914" authorityName="Dyar" authorityYear="1914" class="Insecta" family="Noctuidae" genus="Leucosigma" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Leucosigma reletiva" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="6" pageNumber="93" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="reletiva">Leucosigma reletiva Dyar, 1914</taxonomicName>
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Figs 19, 20, 29, 30; Male genitalia: Figs 61, 62, 91, 92, 115, 116; Female genitalia: Fig. 110
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="40D8B97FC6CA66707502B96AB8D1438C" pageId="7" pageNumber="94" type="reference_group">
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<paragraph id="2B6B8C1C03CFFA012FE3388DD73DE889" pageId="7" pageNumber="94">
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<taxonomicName id="70223668F799A5EFB7222B99711E79AC" class="Insecta" family="Noctuidae" genus="Leucosigma" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Leucosigma reletiva" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="7" pageNumber="94" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="reletiva">
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<pageBreakToken id="B9F263AEC4612D28E1FFA1436CA07EE4" pageId="7" pageNumber="94" start="start">Leucosigma</pageBreakToken>
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reletiva
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</taxonomicName>
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Dyar, 1914. Type locality: [Panama] Trinidad River, female.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="5474EE7A29B72368CDBFD66F40D20634" pageId="7" pageNumber="94" type="materials_examined">
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<paragraph id="F705F3FF016834D2F40470023774ED8F" pageId="7" pageNumber="94">Material examined.</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="A0A6C79BD5B0E05A8223AAD6ABA03576" pageId="7" pageNumber="94">
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Type material. HOLOTYPE ♀: PANAMA: A Busck coll, Rio Trinidad Mar. 12 Pan., Type No. 15839 U.S.N.M.,
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<taxonomicName id="8FD0A2F882309681E23EDB38CC1E6421" class="Insecta" family="Noctuidae" genus="Leucosigma" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Leucosigma reletiva" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="7" pageNumber="94" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="reletiva">Leucosigma reletiva</taxonomicName>
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Type Dyar, USNMENT00973166, ♀ USNM Dissection 148170. Type at USNM.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="AD66F7EDCE463A5A42A877DCC7662C50" pageId="7" pageNumber="94" type="materials_examined">
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<paragraph id="EC1908FE1C893260E7F4815B8607A8A2" pageId="7" pageNumber="94">Other material examined.</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="DB6488DF7F75B338B2F5FB9BB49EBFA0" pageId="7" pageNumber="94">COSTA RICA (2♂): Alajuela: Sector Rincon Rain Forest: Protrero Chaves, 10.93868, -85.32167, el. 433m, 08/18/2009, R. Franco& S. Rios, collector, 09-SRNP-107116, USNM Dissection 148177, USNMENT01370297; Guanacaste: Sector Pitilla: Estacion Pitilla, 10.98931, -85.42581, el. 675m, 02/17/2007, S Rios & F. Quesada, collector, 07-SRNP-101206, USNM Dissection 148178, USNMENT01437211.</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C3B07CC4AFD05BDEE987365EAFABCDFA" pageId="7" pageNumber="94" type="diagnosis">
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<paragraph id="5FF3806E2DA426D27065C52867A76C05" pageId="7" pageNumber="94">Diagnosis.</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="4E4077F8E0B4608EC5897C850DD54768" pageId="7" pageNumber="94">
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Wing patterning not readily differentiated from that of
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<taxonomicName id="ABEFA76AE2139E4C5A2D76C996047645" lsidName="L. chloe" pageId="7" pageNumber="94" rank="species" species="chloe">L. chloe</taxonomicName>
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, although overall paler in the specimens examined and figured here, possibly reflecting wear. Both
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<taxonomicName id="CC01942A894B6548477A024C9E818E3F" lsidName="L. reletiva" pageId="7" pageNumber="94" rank="species" species="reletiva">L. reletiva</taxonomicName>
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and
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<taxonomicName id="1C1B1AD31048A3B932F2A6760E48A7A1" lsidName="L. chloe" pageId="7" pageNumber="94" rank="species" species="chloe">L. chloe</taxonomicName>
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have in common with
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<taxonomicName id="18DCD1AFBF6B6D7AF075BDF754CA2DCA" lsidName="L. schausi" pageId="7" pageNumber="94" rank="species" species="schausi">L. schausi</taxonomicName>
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a reniform spot with a straight outer edge, squared at the lower corner. Male genitalia similar in some respects to those of
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<taxonomicName id="237C4BBB6BBEEB90443AD4574788D959" lsidName="L. chloe" pageId="7" pageNumber="94" rank="species" species="chloe">L. chloe</taxonomicName>
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, especially in the recurved, pointed clasper, but sacculus wider and cucullus less sinuate apically, aduncate, with pronounced subapical setal fan as in
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<taxonomicName id="C511420DA6653AE13260E75E14B568C2" lsidName="L. albimixta" pageId="7" pageNumber="94" rank="species" species="albimixta">L. albimixta</taxonomicName>
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; vesica with small distal secondary lobe.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="5BE0077B63698459670D8532C3A8CCCC" lastPageId="8" lastPageNumber="95" pageId="7" pageNumber="94" type="description">
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<paragraph id="06731FD652370D56BAD86229149F698C" pageId="7" pageNumber="94">Re-description.</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="2A82278CE4DE0275EFC4D72BE82A0F06" pageId="7" pageNumber="94">Head. Antennae setose-ciliate, bifasciculate in males, scaled above with alternating tan and brown bands of spatulate scales. Frons, vertex, and labial palpus with mixture of gray, brown, and some purplish scales; frons paler than vertex. Eyes sparsely hairy.</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="F9CCE56B4EC8DD885E2E46295A23380F" lastPageId="8" lastPageNumber="95" pageId="7" pageNumber="94">
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Thorax. Thoracic vestiture a mix of grayish-tan scales tipped with brown, a pair of green-scaled patches at base of pagatial fan. Wings. Forewing length 11.8 mm (holotype, female), average 12.0 mm (males, n = 2). Forewing pale, slightly cupreous baso-medially such that the gray medial line stands out; fused reniform-orbicular stigmata
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<pageBreakToken id="010273BD618EF39DA8998FB771662685" pageId="8" pageNumber="95" start="start">green</pageBreakToken>
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, outlined in white, bracket a brown patch outlined in dark brown; terminal area shaded with green; apical patch silvery white; hind wings uniformly gray above in male and female alike, hind wing undersides shaded towards costa, postmedial line broken. Legs. Scales grayish brown, mostly concolorous with thoracic vestiture; femora and tibia with an admixture of lime-green scales; a single pair of striped mid-tibial spurs, two pairs on hind-tibiae; three rows of tibial spines on all legs, as for other members of the genus.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="E917EBD22B61A025D379FAA0C25CC123" pageId="8" pageNumber="95">
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Abdomen. Dorsum covered in uniformly tannish-brown scales and hairs; ventral side more darkly scaled with two rows of paler tan scales on either side of the medial line (cf.
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<taxonomicName id="7ACF40D746E9C0A931BC614DFD6EC05E" lsidName="L. chloe" pageId="8" pageNumber="95" rank="species" species="chloe">L. chloe</taxonomicName>
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, below).
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="1A92A68FB35A2B2B35A05A96A6488128" pageId="8" pageNumber="95">Male genitalia. Uncus elongate, widest subapically, upwardly curved with a small apical point. and bearing ventral crest of short setae. Tegumen hemi-circular or nearly so. Vinculum cup-shaped. Saccus squared off. Juxta spade-shaped, with a mid-dorsal projection; annellar arms fused, hoop-like. Sacculus (1) bluntly rounded, heavily setose; sclerotized part of cucullus (2) elongate, concave, aduncate with a subapical setal fan; dorsal process (3) widest medially, densely setose apically; clasper (4) recurved to a point. Aedeagus faintly granular towards vesica, where the sclerotized part is narrowed to a sinuous strap. Vesica without cornuti; paired subbasal and medial diverticula knoblike, with a small apical diverticulum present.</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="01EA3EDF7A8EBB6B817CBFBDDA24DD76" pageId="8" pageNumber="95">
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Female genitalia. Posterior apophyses less than twice as long as anterior apophyses. Lamella antevaginalis V-shaped, deeply invaginated posteriorly. Ostium wide. Colliculum welldeveloped. Ductus undifferentiated except for small pre-collicular lobe. Corpus bursae obliquely shaped, sub-triangular when distended with spermatophore(s). Ductus bursae robust, not>3
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<normalizedToken id="5E4746C48A78F0B08404AE357F5A558D" originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
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long as width at middle. Colliculum present, well developed. With two spermatophores, maintaining a very roughly foot-shaped appearance, the distal (anterior) part of the bursa distended to accommodate the corpus of the spermatophore (cf. holotype of
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<taxonomicName id="87F69AFD3B048B630DAC9D96C3A9EB15" lsidName="L. uncifera" pageId="8" pageNumber="95" rank="species" species="uncifera">L. uncifera</taxonomicName>
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).
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="003AAE36925889442AC9AF31BE72A99E" pageId="8" pageNumber="95">Immature stages. Undocumented.</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="F6405F0E3BF91846FE017962404C42E0" pageId="8" pageNumber="95" type="biology_ecology">
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<paragraph id="EF19C93E0C81FF4E6C0011AFA1C41DC9" pageId="8" pageNumber="95">Biology.</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="6E2ECDCECBE632B6DF0C460C0A421576" pageId="8" pageNumber="95">
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Feeding on foliage of
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<taxonomicName id="090CD17EFA683EA210EF5B592B384572" class="Polypodiopsida" family="Dryopteridaceae" genus="Bolbitis" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Bolbitis portoricensis" order="Polypodiales" pageId="8" pageNumber="95" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="portoricensis">Bolbitis portoricensis</taxonomicName>
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(
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<taxonomicName id="7D07687315776E1CB7E114BD6AE3BF33" family="Dryopteridaceae" lsidName="" pageId="8" pageNumber="95" rank="family">Dryopteridaceae</taxonomicName>
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) in ACG rain forest (96-SRNP-11467).
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="A581624EA6074BE2C7345D5505BC3462" pageId="8" pageNumber="95" type="distribution">
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<paragraph id="797BC5706142599BCFC59D26814D669F" pageId="8" pageNumber="95">Distribution.</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="76A5149FEA53CDFE8FDC47CDFD5C7AC7" pageId="8" pageNumber="95">Costa Rica, Panama.</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="CD328048CB3D929F2E1966E5F4DE1C96" pageId="8" pageNumber="95" type="remarks">
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<paragraph id="7B6C3A75DE775DCDFBD9B2388EEE2215" pageId="8" pageNumber="95">Remarks.</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="E2B1ABE3CFC5F402AA35265A85387D38" pageId="8" pageNumber="95">
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Dyar described this species on the basis of a single female holotype specimen in poor condition which he nevertheless recognized as having kinship with
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<taxonomicName id="E1A95366C182E4E0F6AFBC1AC9630787" lsidName="L. uncifera" pageId="8" pageNumber="95" rank="species" species="uncifera">L. uncifera</taxonomicName>
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.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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</treatment>
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</document> |