141 lines
9.8 KiB
XML
141 lines
9.8 KiB
XML
<document ID-DOI="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.642.10773" ID-GBIF-Dataset="9974a5d1-d0cb-42d2-a7b0-7fc4955707c9" ID-PMC="PMC5240530" ID-Pensoft-Pub="1313-2970-642-63" ID-PubMed="28138299" ID-ZBK="E8512D085E224794AE2331FA1F1BD606" ModsDocAuthor="" ModsDocDate="2017" ModsDocID="1313-2970-642-63" ModsDocOrigin="ZooKeys 642" ModsDocTitle="Bees of the Azores: an annotated checklist (Apidae, Hymenoptera)" checkinTime="1483539493120" checkinUser="pensoft" docAuthor="Weissmann, Julie A., Picanco, Ana, Borges, Paulo A. V. & Schaefer, Hanno" docDate="2017" docId="0DCFFB702840608E3BDB8FA35EE255E2" docLanguage="en" docName="ZooKeys 642: 63-95" docOrigin="ZooKeys 642" docSource="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.642.10773" docTitle="Bombus terrestris" docType="treatment" docVersion="4" lastPageNumber="71" masterDocId="90201D3DFFDFFFEEFF825A68CB0EFF83" masterDocTitle="Bees of the Azores: an annotated checklist (Apidae, Hymenoptera)" masterLastPageNumber="95" masterPageNumber="63" pageNumber="70" updateTime="1668163841874" updateUser="ExternalLinkService">
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<mods:mods xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
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<mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:title>Bees of the Azores: an annotated checklist (Apidae, Hymenoptera)</mods:title>
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</mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart>Weissmann, Julie A.</mods:namePart>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart>Picanco, Ana</mods:namePart>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart>Borges, Paulo A. V.</mods:namePart>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart>Schaefer, Hanno</mods:namePart>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:typeOfResource>text</mods:typeOfResource>
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<mods:relatedItem type="host">
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<mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:title>ZooKeys</mods:title>
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</mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:part>
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<mods:date>2017</mods:date>
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<mods:detail type="volume">
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<mods:number>642</mods:number>
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</mods:detail>
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<mods:extent unit="page">
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<mods:start>63</mods:start>
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<mods:end>95</mods:end>
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</mods:extent>
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</mods:part>
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</mods:relatedItem>
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<mods:location>
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<mods:url>http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.642.10773</mods:url>
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</mods:location>
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<mods:classification>journal article</mods:classification>
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<mods:identifier type="DOI">http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.642.10773</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier type="Pensoft-Pub">1313-2970-642-63</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier type="ZBK">E8512D085E224794AE2331FA1F1BD606</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier type="ZooBank">E8512D085E224794AE2331FA1F1BD606</mods:identifier>
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</mods:mods>
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<treatment ID-GBIF-Taxon="127889904" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:0DCFFB702840608E3BDB8FA35EE255E2" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/0DCFFB702840608E3BDB8FA35EE255E2" lastPageId="8" lastPageNumber="71" pageId="7" pageNumber="70">
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<subSubSection pageId="7" pageNumber="70" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph pageId="7" pageNumber="70">
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<taxonomicName authority="Linnaeus" class="Insecta" family="Apidae" genus="Bombus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Bombus terrestris" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="7" pageNumber="70" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="terrestris">Bombus terrestris (Linnaeus)</taxonomicName>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="7" pageNumber="70" type="description">
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<paragraph pageId="7" pageNumber="70">Description.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="7" pageNumber="70">Large black bee (wing length 18 mm, total length 20-22 mm in queens; wing length 13 mm, total length 11-17 mm in workers; wing length 14 mm, total length 11-17 mm in males) with one strong brownish-yellow band on the thorax close to the head, a second one in the middle of the abdomen (tergite 2), and bright white tip of the abdomen (Fig. 3b, d, f).</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="7" pageNumber="70" type="distinguishing features">
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<paragraph pageId="7" pageNumber="70">Distinguishing features.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="7" pageNumber="70">
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In contrast to
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<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Apidae" genus="Bombus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Bombus ruderatus" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="7" pageNumber="70" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="ruderatus">Bombus ruderatus</taxonomicName>
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, only one yellowish band on the thorax, which is deeper in colour than in the previous species.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="7" pageNumber="70" type="distribution">
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<paragraph pageId="7" pageNumber="70">General distribution.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="7" pageNumber="70">
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North Africa, Eurasia (Portugal to Norway in the North and Japan in the East), populations on the Canaries and Madeira have been described as distinct species but at least for Madeira, this is not supported (
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<bibRefCitation author="Widmer, A" journalOrPublisher="Heredity" pageId="25" pageNumber="88" pagination="563 - 572" title="Population genetic structure and colonization history of Bombusterrestris s. l. (Hymenoptera, Apidae) from the Canary Islands and Madeira." url="https://doi.org/10.1046/j.1365-2540.1998.00407.x" volume="81" year="1998">Widmer et al. 1998</bibRefCitation>
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,
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<bibRefCitation pageId="7" pageNumber="70">Williams et al. 2012</bibRefCitation>
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); introduced and invasive in parts of Asia, New Zealand, Tasmania, and South America.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="7" pageNumber="70" type="distribution">
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<paragraph pageId="7" pageNumber="70">Distribution in the Azores.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="7" pageNumber="70">All islands.</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="7" pageNumber="70" type="first record">
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<paragraph pageId="7" pageNumber="70">First record.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="7" pageNumber="70">
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<bibRefCitation pageId="7" pageNumber="70">Williams et al. 2012</bibRefCitation>
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(no island specified).
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="7" pageNumber="70" type="nesting">
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<paragraph pageId="7" pageNumber="70">Nesting.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="7" pageNumber="70">Colonies of several 100 workers in existing holes in the ground.</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="7" pageNumber="70" type="social behaviour">
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<paragraph pageId="7" pageNumber="70">Social behaviour.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="7" pageNumber="70">Primitively eusocial.</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="7" pageNumber="70" type="foraging">
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<paragraph pageId="7" pageNumber="70">Foraging.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="7" pageNumber="70">
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Polylectic, visits a wide range of species, including endemics like
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<taxonomicName class="Magnoliopsida" family="Campanulaceae" genus="Azorina" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Azorina vidalii" order="Asterales" pageId="7" pageNumber="70" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="vidalii">Azorina vidalii</taxonomicName>
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(
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<taxonomicName family="Campanulaceae" lsidName="" pageId="7" pageNumber="70" rank="family">Campanulaceae</taxonomicName>
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, Fig. 3d), and invasive exotics like
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<taxonomicName class="Liliopsida" family="Zingiberaceae" genus="Hedychium" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Hedychium gardnerianum" order="Zingiberales" pageId="7" pageNumber="70" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="gardnerianum">Hedychium gardnerianum</taxonomicName>
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(
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<taxonomicName family="Zingiberaceae" lsidName="" pageId="7" pageNumber="70" rank="family">Zingiberaceae</taxonomicName>
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) and
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<taxonomicName class="Magnoliopsida" family="Caprifoliaceae" genus="Leycesteria" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Leycesteria formosa" order="Dipsacales" pageId="7" pageNumber="70" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="formosa">Leycesteria formosa</taxonomicName>
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(
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<taxonomicName family="Caprifoliaceae" lsidName="" pageId="7" pageNumber="70" rank="family">Caprifoliaceae</taxonomicName>
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).
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="7" pageNumber="70" type="phenology">
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<paragraph pageId="7" pageNumber="70">Phenology.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="7" pageNumber="70">All year (queens flying December/January to March).</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="8" pageNumber="71" type="materials_examined">
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<paragraph pageId="8" pageNumber="71">
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<pageBreakToken pageId="8" pageNumber="71" start="start">Material</pageBreakToken>
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.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="8" pageNumber="71">Graciosa, 1 worker; Flores (Santa Cruz and Lajes das Flores, from Japanese beetle trap), July 2016, 9 queens, 9 workers, all leg. H. Schaefer, coll. TUM (specimens B2, B47, B65-B67, B73-B87).</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="8" pageNumber="71">
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COI sequences of specimens H. Schaefer B65-B67 (TUM), acc. no. KX824773-75, are identical to a
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<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Apidae" genus="Bombus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Bombus terrestris" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="8" pageNumber="71" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="terrestris">Bombus terrestris</taxonomicName>
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sequence from Denmark and a
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<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Apidae" genus="Bombus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Bombus maderensis" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="8" pageNumber="71" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="maderensis">Bombus maderensis</taxonomicName>
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sequence from Madeira in GenBank but differ slightly from
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<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Apidae" genus="Bombus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Bombus canariensis" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="8" pageNumber="71" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="canariensis">Bombus canariensis</taxonomicName>
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JQ769067 (see Fig. 2).
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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</treatment>
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</document> |