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<document id="E784D61390A876D44C8D82B98095265B" ID-DOI="10.11646/zootaxa.2849.1.1" ID-ISSN="1175­5334" ID-Zenodo-Dep="5288200" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.tables_requiresApprovalFor="existingObjects,plazi" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1629720910444" checkinUser="felipe" docAuthor="Ferrington Jr, Leonard C. &amp; Saether, Ole A." docDate="2011" docId="EE7687BAFF4EFF4DBDAABA5A16888E75" docLanguage="en" docName="zt02849p314.pdf" docOrigin="Zootaxa 2849 (1)" docSource="https://biotaxa.org/Zootaxa/article/view/zootaxa.2849.1.1" docStyle="DocumentStyle:D239614CE4198176A422035174489AB1.4:Zootaxa.2009-2012.monograph" docStyleId="D239614CE4198176A422035174489AB1" docStyleName="Zootaxa.2009-2012.monograph" docStyleVersion="4" docTitle="Pseudosmittia xanthostola" docType="treatment" docVersion="4" lastPageNumber="188" masterDocId="124FFFC2FFF7FFF6BD3DBD6214788F3C" masterDocTitle="A revision of the genera Pseudosmittia Edwards, 1932, Allocladius Kieffer, 1913, and Hydrosmittia gen. n. (Diptera: Chironomidae, Orthocladiinae) 2849" masterLastPageNumber="314" masterPageNumber="1" pageNumber="186" updateTime="1699101708276" updateUser="plazi" zenodo-license-document="CLOSED">
<mods:mods id="85CD239EAAA16DFBD11F2754ECD84ABC" xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
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<mods:title id="364BB19B450F19A9661AC810F757F44B">A revision of the genera Pseudosmittia Edwards, 1932, Allocladius Kieffer, 1913, and Hydrosmittia gen. n. (Diptera: Chironomidae, Orthocladiinae) 2849</mods:title>
</mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:namePart id="867CE5838220DA05AD01E1A195888250">Ferrington Jr, Leonard C.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="FA1DFDE6ED361571C7B8A77299CF88AE">Saether, Ole A.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:title id="25692C0F1FABF5012D669CB9D3DD3634">Zootaxa</mods:title>
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<mods:date id="D66BEBA77242D900F9950D99D80373EA">2011</mods:date>
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<mods:number id="48ED77D11E6683447F3EDF70613F5D8C">2011-04-29</mods:number>
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<mods:number id="0C750FB96322811CD4E59941EF5DE577">2849</mods:number>
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<mods:identifier id="3185B1EA7637CDA4221F9EFF2074B084" type="ISSN">1175­5334</mods:identifier>
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<treatment id="EE7687BAFF4EFF4DBDAABA5A16888E75" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5294182" ID-Zenodo-Dep="5294182" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:EE7687BAFF4EFF4DBDAABA5A16888E75" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/EE7687BAFF4EFF4DBDAABA5A16888E75" lastPageId="187" lastPageNumber="188" pageId="185" pageNumber="186">
<subSubSection id="2EC56527FF4EFF4FBDAABA5A1632886E" box="[151,586,1848,1874]" pageId="185" pageNumber="186" type="nomenclature">
<paragraph id="666036ACFF4EFF4FBDAABA5A1632886E" blockId="185.[151,586,1848,1913]" box="[151,586,1848,1874]" pageId="185" pageNumber="186">
<heading id="3D2881C0FF4EFF4FBDAABA5A1632886E" bold="true" box="[151,586,1848,1874]" fontSize="11" level="1" pageId="185" pageNumber="186" reason="1">
<taxonomicName id="A1DF4D2FFF4EFF4FBDAABA5A1632886E" authority="(Kieffer)" baseAuthorityName="Kieffer" box="[151,586,1848,1874]" class="Insecta" family="Chironomidae" genus="Pseudosmittia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="185" pageNumber="186" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="xanthostola">
<emphasis id="54ABEABEFF4EFF4FBDAABA5A1632886E" bold="true" box="[151,586,1848,1874]" pageId="185" pageNumber="186">
<emphasis id="54ABEABEFF4EFF4FBDAABA5A15AD886E" bold="true" box="[151,469,1848,1874]" italics="true" pageId="185" pageNumber="186">Pseudosmittia xanthostola</emphasis>
(Kieffer)
</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
</heading>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="2EC56527FF4EFF4FBDAABA03154D8845" box="[151,309,1889,1913]" pageId="185" pageNumber="186" type="description">
<paragraph id="666036ACFF4EFF4FBDAABA03154D8845" blockId="185.[151,586,1848,1913]" box="[151,309,1889,1913]" pageId="185" pageNumber="186">
(
<figureCitation id="FEE42A29FF4EFF4FBDA2BA0315548845" box="[159,300,1889,1913]" captionStart="FIGURE 69" captionStartId="186.[151,250,1942,1965]" captionTargetBox="[229,1384,592,1914]" captionTargetId="figure-201@186.[201,1395,580,1973]" captionTargetPageId="186" captionText="FIGURE 69. Pseudosmittia spp., imagines. A–C. P. xanthostola (Kieffer), male, female. A—hypopygium, left dorsal aspect, right ventral aspect; B—female genitalia, ventral view. C—female genitalia, dorsal view. D–G. P. palauensis (Tokunaga). D— wing; E—head; F—virga; G—hypopygium, left dorsal aspect, right ventral aspect." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5288499" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5288499/files/figure.png" pageId="185" pageNumber="186">Fig. 69 A–C</figureCitation>
)
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="2EC56527FF4EFF4CBDAABAC216B18FF0" lastPageId="186" lastPageNumber="187" pageId="185" pageNumber="186" type="reference_group">
<paragraph id="666036ACFF4EFF4FBDAABAC21605888A" blockId="185.[151,770,1952,2036]" box="[151,637,1952,1974]" pageId="185" pageNumber="186">
<treatmentCitationGroup id="46CF1182FF4EFF4FBDAABAC21605888A" box="[151,637,1952,1974]" pageId="185" pageNumber="186">
<treatmentCitation id="E77E10BDFF4EFF4FBDAABAC21601888A" author="Kieffer J. J." box="[151,633,1952,1974]" page="362" pageId="185" pageNumber="186" year="1911">
<taxonomicName id="A1DF4D2FFF4EFF4FBDAABAC21601888A" ID-CoL="6BYDD" authority="Kieffer, 1911: 362" authorityName="Kieffer" authorityPageNumber="362" authorityYear="1911" box="[151,633,1952,1974]" class="Insecta" family="Chironomidae" genus="Dactylocladius" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="185" pageNumber="186" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="xanthostolus">
<emphasis id="54ABEABEFF4EFF4FBDAABAC215CE888A" box="[151,438,1952,1974]" italics="true" pageId="185" pageNumber="186">Dactylocladius xanthostolus</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="024E4B5DFF4EFF4FBC80BAC21601888A" author="Kieffer J. J." box="[445,633,1952,1974]" pageId="185" pageNumber="186" pagination="331 - 366" refId="ref240752" refString="Kieffer J. J. (1911) The Percy Slade Trust expedition to the Indian Ocean in 1905, under the leadership of Mr J. Stanley Gardiner. Vol. 3. No. XV. - Diptera, Chironomidae der Seychellen-Inseln, aus der Sammlung von Mr H. Scott. Transactions of the Linnean Society of London (2 nd Ser. Zool.), 14, 331 - 366." type="journal article" year="1911">Kieffer, 1911: 362</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
</treatmentCitation>
.
</treatmentCitationGroup>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="666036ACFF4EFF4FBDAABADD160088E9" blockId="185.[151,770,1952,2036]" box="[151,632,1983,2005]" pageId="185" pageNumber="186">
<treatmentCitationGroup id="46CF1182FF4EFF4FBDAABADD160088E9" box="[151,632,1983,2005]" pageId="185" pageNumber="186">
<treatmentCitation id="E77E10BDFF4EFF4FBDAABADD160C88E9" author="Kieffer J. J." box="[151,628,1983,2005]" page="363" pageId="185" pageNumber="186" year="1911">
<taxonomicName id="A1DF4D2FFF4EFF4FBDAABADD160C88E9" ID-CoL="6BYCM" authority="Kieffer, 1911: 363" authorityName="Kieffer" authorityPageNumber="363" authorityYear="1911" box="[151,628,1983,2005]" class="Insecta" family="Chironomidae" genus="Dactylocladius" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="185" pageNumber="186" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="heterostolus">
<emphasis id="54ABEABEFF4EFF4FBDAABADD15C988E9" box="[151,433,1983,2005]" italics="true" pageId="185" pageNumber="186">Dactylocladius heterostolus</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="024E4B5DFF4EFF4FBC8ABADD160C88E9" author="Kieffer J. J." box="[439,628,1983,2005]" pageId="185" pageNumber="186" pagination="331 - 366" refId="ref240752" refString="Kieffer J. J. (1911) The Percy Slade Trust expedition to the Indian Ocean in 1905, under the leadership of Mr J. Stanley Gardiner. Vol. 3. No. XV. - Diptera, Chironomidae der Seychellen-Inseln, aus der Sammlung von Mr H. Scott. Transactions of the Linnean Society of London (2 nd Ser. Zool.), 14, 331 - 366." type="journal article" year="1911">Kieffer, 1911: 363</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
</treatmentCitation>
.
</treatmentCitationGroup>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="666036ACFF4EFF4FBDAABABC177A88CF" blockId="185.[151,770,1952,2036]" box="[151,770,2013,2036]" pageId="185" pageNumber="186">
<treatmentCitationGroup id="46CF1182FF4EFF4FBDAABABC177A88CF" box="[151,770,2013,2036]" pageId="185" pageNumber="186">
<taxonomicName id="A1DF4D2FFF4EFF4FBDAABABC15BB88CF" authority="(Kieffer)" baseAuthorityName="Kieffer" box="[151,451,2013,2036]" class="Insecta" family="Chironomidae" genus="Smittia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="185" pageNumber="186" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="melanostola">
<emphasis id="54ABEABEFF4EFF4FBDAABABC151988C8" box="[151,353,2014,2036]" italics="true" pageId="185" pageNumber="186">Smittia melanostola</emphasis>
(Kieffer)
</taxonomicName>
,
<treatmentCitation id="E77E10BDFF4EFF4FBCF0BABC16EC88CF" author="Freeman, P." box="[461,660,2013,2035]" page="357" pageId="185" pageNumber="186" year="1956">
<bibRefCitation id="024E4B5DFF4EFF4FBCF0BABC16EC88CF" author="Freeman, P." box="[461,660,2013,2035]" pageId="185" pageNumber="186" pagination="287 - 368" refId="ref240171" refString="Freeman, P. (1956) A study of the Chironomidae (Diptera) of Africa south of the Sahara. Part II. Bulletin of British Museum (Natural History), Entomology, 4, 287 - 368." type="journal article" year="1956">Freeman 1956: 357</bibRefCitation>
</treatmentCitation>
,
<emphasis id="54ABEABEFF4EFF4FBFA3BABC168488CF" box="[670,764,2014,2035]" italics="true" pageId="185" pageNumber="186">pro parte</emphasis>
.
</treatmentCitationGroup>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="666036ACFF4DFF4CBDAABDFA17BE8F91" blockId="186.[151,966,152,205]" box="[151,966,152,174]" pageId="186" pageNumber="187">
<treatmentCitationGroup id="46CF1182FF4DFF4CBDAABDFA17BE8F91" box="[151,966,152,174]" pageId="186" pageNumber="187">
<taxonomicName id="A1DF4D2FFF4DFF4CBDAABDFA16738F92" authority="(Kieffer)" baseAuthorityName="Kieffer" box="[151,523,152,174]" class="Insecta" family="Chironomidae" genus="Pseudosmittia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="186" pageNumber="187" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="melanostola">
<emphasis id="54ABEABEFF4DFF4CBDAABDFA15D08F92" box="[151,424,152,174]" italics="true" pageId="186" pageNumber="187">Pseudosmittia melanostola</emphasis>
(Kieffer)
</taxonomicName>
,
<treatmentCitation id="E77E10BDFF4DFF4CBF28BDFA172F8F92" author="Freeman, P. &amp; Cranston, P. S." box="[533,855,152,174]" page="186" pageId="186" pageNumber="187" year="1980">
<bibRefCitation id="024E4B5DFF4DFF4CBF28BDFA172F8F92" author="Freeman, P. &amp; Cranston, P. S." box="[533,855,152,174]" pageId="186" pageNumber="187" refId="ref240265" refString="Freeman, P. &amp; Cranston, P. S. (1980) 11. Family Chironomidae. Pp. 175 - 202 in Crosskey, R. W. (Ed.) Catalogue of the Diptera of the Afrotropical Region, Trustees of The British Museum (Natural History), London, 1437 pp." type="book" year="1980">Freeman &amp; Cranston 1980: 186</bibRefCitation>
</treatmentCitation>
,
<emphasis id="54ABEABEFF4DFF4CBE5FBDFB17B88F92" box="[866,960,153,174]" italics="true" pageId="186" pageNumber="187">pro parte</emphasis>
.
</treatmentCitationGroup>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="666036ACFF4DFF4CBDAABDD516B18FF0" blockId="186.[151,966,152,205]" box="[151,713,182,205]" pageId="186" pageNumber="187">
<taxonomicName id="A1DF4D2FFF4DFF4CBDAABDD5167D8FF0" authority="(Kieffer)" baseAuthorityName="Kieffer" box="[151,517,182,205]" class="Insecta" family="Chironomidae" genus="Pseudosmittia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="186" pageNumber="187" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="xanthostola">
<emphasis id="54ABEABEFF4DFF4CBDAABDD515DA8FF1" box="[151,418,183,205]" italics="true" pageId="186" pageNumber="187">Pseudosmittia xanthostola</emphasis>
(Kieffer)
</taxonomicName>
, Saether 2004: 298.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="2EC56527FF4DFF4DBDAABD9816888E75" lastPageId="187" lastPageNumber="188" pageId="186" pageNumber="187" type="materials_examined">
<paragraph id="666036ACFF4DFF4CBDAABD9816238E05" blockId="186.[151,1436,250,547]" pageId="186" pageNumber="187">
<emphasis id="54ABEABEFF4DFF4CBDAABD9815178E2E" box="[151,367,250,274]" italics="true" pageId="186" pageNumber="187">Material examined</emphasis>
:
<materialsCitation id="D6B73CF1FF4DFF4CBCBFBD98162E8E05" collectingDate="1909-03" collectionCode="BMNH" collectorName="J. S. Gardiner" country="Seychelles" location="Estate" municipality="Mahe" pageId="186" pageNumber="187" specimenCount="2" stateProvince="Cascade" typeStatus="lectotype">
<collectingCountry id="1EC8763CFF4DFF4CBCBFBD98164E8E2E" box="[386,566,250,274]" name="Seychelles" pageId="186" pageNumber="187">SEYCHELLES</collectingCountry>
:
<collectingMunicipality id="8604ACD6FF4DFF4CBF79BD9816FE8E2E" box="[580,646,250,274]" pageId="186" pageNumber="187">Mahé</collectingMunicipality>
,
<collectingRegion id="A41BF84EFF4DFF4CBFABBD98168B8E2E" box="[662,755,250,274]" country="Seychelles" name="Cascade" pageId="186" pageNumber="187">Cascade</collectingRegion>
<location id="63006077FF4DFF4CBFC3BD98173D8E2D" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:EE7687BAFF4EFF4DBDAABA5A16888E75:63006077FF4DFF4CBFC3BD98173D8E2D" box="[766,837,250,273]" country="Seychelles" municipality="Mahe" name="Estate" pageId="186" pageNumber="187" stateProvince="Cascade">Estate</location>
,
<typeStatus id="B964880EFF4DFF4CBE69BD9817C28E2E" box="[852,954,250,274]" pageId="186" pageNumber="187" type="lectotype">lectotype</typeStatus>
male,
<date id="1261106CFF4DFF4CB933BD98100A8E2E" box="[1038,1138,250,274]" pageId="186" pageNumber="187" value="1909-03">
<collectingDate id="0225E984FF4DFF4CB933BD98100A8E2E" box="[1038,1138,250,274]" pageId="186" pageNumber="187" value="1909-03">iii. 1909</collectingDate>
</date>
,
<collectorName id="CB2A537AFF4DFF4CB9BCBD98115B8E2E" box="[1153,1315,250,274]" pageId="186" pageNumber="187">J. S. Gardiner</collectorName>
(
<collectionCode id="00CEAE69FF4DFF4CB80BBD9811E88E2E" box="[1334,1424,250,274]" pageId="186" pageNumber="187">BMNH</collectionCode>
). Other material as in Saether (2004: 298)
</materialsCitation>
.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="666036ACFF4DFF4CBDF2BC2B17678D1F" blockId="186.[151,1436,250,547]" pageId="186" pageNumber="187">
<emphasis id="54ABEABEFF4DFF4CBDF2BC2B15B38E5C" box="[207,459,328,352]" italics="true" pageId="186" pageNumber="187">Diagnostic characters</emphasis>
: The imagines are characterized by having a strong apical seta in both sexes, 12–14 scalpellate sensilla clavata located subapically on the third palpomere, postcubitus forked in both sexes, 16–20 dorsocentrals and 9–15 setae on the clypeus. The male imago is easily recognized by the sharply triangular large and dark anal point and the extremely long digitiform volsella (
<figureCitation id="FEE42A29FF4DFF4CBE54BCDF17A38EE9" box="[873,987,445,469]" captionStart="FIGURE 69" captionStartId="186.[151,250,1942,1965]" captionTargetBox="[229,1384,592,1914]" captionTargetId="figure-201@186.[201,1395,580,1973]" captionTargetPageId="186" captionText="FIGURE 69. Pseudosmittia spp., imagines. A–C. P. xanthostola (Kieffer), male, female. A—hypopygium, left dorsal aspect, right ventral aspect; B—female genitalia, ventral view. C—female genitalia, dorsal view. D–G. P. palauensis (Tokunaga). D— wing; E—head; F—virga; G—hypopygium, left dorsal aspect, right ventral aspect." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5288499" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5288499/files/figure.png" pageId="186" pageNumber="187">Fig. 69 A</figureCitation>
). The female can be separated from the very similar females of
<taxonomicName id="A1DF4D2FFF4DFF4CBC95BC8616A18EC0" baseAuthorityName="Edwards" baseAuthorityYear="1926" box="[424,729,484,508]" class="Insecta" family="Chironomidae" genus="Pseudosmittia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="186" pageNumber="187" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="brevifurcata">
<emphasis id="54ABEABEFF4DFF4CBC95BC8616A18EC0" box="[424,729,484,508]" italics="true" pageId="186" pageNumber="187">Pseudosmittia brevifurcata</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
by having a distinct postcubital fork and a posterior group of only 5–6 prealar setae in addition to being smaller in size.
</paragraph>
<caption id="32A06624FF4DFF4CBDAABAF417A788D5" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5288499" ID-Zenodo-Dep="5288499" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5288499/files/figure.png" pageId="186" pageNumber="187" startId="186.[151,250,1942,1965]" targetBox="[229,1384,592,1914]" targetPageId="186">
<paragraph id="666036ACFF4DFF4CBDAABAF417A788D5" blockId="186.[151,1436,1942,2025]" pageId="186" pageNumber="187">
<emphasis id="54ABEABEFF4DFF4CBDAABAF415628891" bold="true" box="[151,282,1942,1965]" pageId="186" pageNumber="187">FIGURE 69</emphasis>
.
<taxonomicName id="A1DF4D2FFF4DFF4CBC15BAF415938890" box="[296,491,1942,1964]" class="Insecta" family="Chironomidae" genus="Pseudosmittia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="186" pageNumber="187" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="undetermined">
<emphasis id="54ABEABEFF4DFF4CBC15BAF415C08890" box="[296,440,1942,1964]" italics="true" pageId="186" pageNumber="187">Pseudosmittia</emphasis>
spp.
</taxonomicName>
, imagines. A–C.
<taxonomicName id="A1DF4D2FFF4DFF4CBFA0BAF517E98890" authority="(Kieffer)" baseAuthorityName="Kieffer" box="[669,913,1942,1964]" class="Insecta" family="Chironomidae" genus="Pseudosmittia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="186" pageNumber="187" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="xanthostola">
<emphasis id="54ABEABEFF4DFF4CBFA0BAF517558890" box="[669,813,1942,1964]" italics="true" pageId="186" pageNumber="187">P. xanthostola</emphasis>
(Kieffer)
</taxonomicName>
, male, female. A—hypopygium, left dorsal aspect, right ventral aspect; B—female genitalia, ventral view. C—female genitalia, dorsal view. D–G.
<taxonomicName id="A1DF4D2FFF4DFF4CB95EBAD7111F88F6" authority="(Tokunaga)" authorityName="Ferrington Jr &amp; Saether" authorityYear="2011" baseAuthorityName="Ferrington Jr &amp; Saether" baseAuthorityYear="2011" box="[1123,1383,1972,1995]" class="Insecta" family="Chironomidae" genus="Pseudosmittia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="186" pageNumber="187" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="palauensis">
<emphasis id="54ABEABEFF4DFF4CB95EBAD7109088F7" box="[1123,1256,1973,1995]" italics="true" pageId="186" pageNumber="187">P. palauensis</emphasis>
(Tokunaga)
</taxonomicName>
. D— wing; E—head; F—virga; G—hypopygium, left dorsal aspect, right ventral aspect.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<paragraph id="666036ACFF4CFF4DBDAABDFC17D18F8A" blockId="187.[151,937,158,182]" box="[151,937,158,182]" pageId="187" pageNumber="188">The male and female imagines are redescribed by Saether (2004: 298).</paragraph>
<paragraph id="666036ACFF4CFF4DBDAABD8615D58FC0" blockId="187.[151,1436,228,329]" box="[151,429,228,252]" pageId="187" pageNumber="188">
<emphasis id="54ABEABEFF4CFF4DBDAABD8615D58FC0" box="[151,429,228,252]" italics="true" pageId="187" pageNumber="188">Ecology and distribution</emphasis>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="666036ACFF4CFF4DBDAABC6816888E75" blockId="187.[151,1436,228,329]" pageId="187" pageNumber="188">
The species has been collected from seaweed and in a mangrove area, and larvae are likely to live in the intertidal zone. The species is known only from the
<collectingCountry id="1EC8763CFF4CFF4DBF4DBC5316938E75" box="[624,747,305,329]" name="Seychelles" pageId="187" pageNumber="188">Seychelles</collectingCountry>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>
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