559 lines
75 KiB
XML
559 lines
75 KiB
XML
<document id="22D30770C5B0CCB2FF05C8F8AA7D68D5" ID-CLB-Dataset="24389" ID-DOI="10.11646/zootaxa.4722.1.9" ID-GBIF-Dataset="e3687527-fca8-41e5-98d3-082e62dba904" ID-ISSN="1175-5326" ID-Zenodo-Dep="3603734" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1578644256131" checkinUser="plazi" docAuthor="Camier, Marie & Nel, Andre" docDate="2020" docId="03A6AB331237FF8AFF73AFEC8DA35738" docLanguage="en" docName="zootaxa.4722.1.9.pdf" docOrigin="Zootaxa 4722 (1)" docStyle="DocumentStyle:647186512141C8FC8976D5BCC54AEB7D.9:Zootaxa.2013-.journal_article" docStyleId="647186512141C8FC8976D5BCC54AEB7D" docStyleName="Zootaxa.2013-.journal_article" docStyleVersion="9" docTitle="Eoexechia gallica Camier & Nel 2020, sp. n." docType="treatment" docVersion="6" lastPageNumber="97" masterDocId="FF9FD34B1236FF8CFFE4AD258E26520B" masterDocTitle="The oldest fungus gnat of the tribe Exechiini in the lowermost Eocene Oise amber (Diptera: Mycetophilidae)" masterLastPageNumber="98" masterPageNumber="91" pageNumber="92" updateTime="1698777248708" updateUser="ExternalLinkService" zenodo-license-document="CLOSED">
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<mods:titleInfo id="68A6844CA2230C2C1F226B574109C4B1">
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<mods:title id="061F2B98BDC688B3E882E45001678A8F">The oldest fungus gnat of the tribe Exechiini in the lowermost Eocene Oise amber (Diptera: Mycetophilidae)</mods:title>
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<mods:name id="008E26C1D1E7E6D9161B6DA5D5C719E0" type="personal">
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<mods:namePart id="5B997FD1DA76169E338D5486A88A7A96">Camier, Marie</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="4B2A8907DEF0D94235DA66DC69449C2B">Nel, Andre</mods:namePart>
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<mods:typeOfResource id="8DA80D0767F11199A7F2161AB4F48BDF">text</mods:typeOfResource>
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<mods:titleInfo id="47CC7473F599FA25B40BBBE2F1071C6E">
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<mods:title id="C2BB2AFABC85BEB3B5CBFC77328E6D54">Zootaxa</mods:title>
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</mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:part id="32D60949BF484D3F39A184B0E534DBF7">
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<mods:date id="B46708583B33231F622553F4A2528748">2020</mods:date>
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<mods:number id="A097E46A70C2D7CA62E3819069B9D1AF">2020-01-10</mods:number>
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<mods:number id="CB619E80C8ABEF69CE1ECE6CD5664236">4722</mods:number>
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<mods:classification id="77F6833A6D93157F0B9BF0C0378E8667">journal article</mods:classification>
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<mods:identifier id="2435DD16AD9A363389D7EB0C170C4319" type="CLB-Dataset">24389</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier id="491363D0FCE8792DBC1AB9AC50019027" type="DOI">10.11646/zootaxa.4722.1.9</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier id="45F40DC5DF6F40268E793379AF46857C" type="ISSN">1175-5326</mods:identifier>
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<treatment id="03A6AB331237FF8AFF73AFEC8DA35738" ID-GBIF-Taxon="161671868" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03A6AB331237FF8AFF73AFEC8DA35738" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/03A6AB331237FF8AFF73AFEC8DA35738" lastPageId="6" lastPageNumber="97" pageId="1" pageNumber="92">
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<subSubSection id="C31549AE1237FF8DFF73AFEC8F9F50EF" box="[151,441,713,740]" pageId="1" pageNumber="92" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph id="8BB01A251237FF8DFF73AFEC8F9F50EF" blockId="1.[151,977,713,812]" box="[151,441,713,740]" pageId="1" pageNumber="92">
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<heading id="D0F8AD491237FF8DFF73AFEC8F9F50EF" bold="true" box="[151,441,713,740]" fontSize="11" level="1" pageId="1" pageNumber="92" reason="1">
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<emphasis id="B97BC6371237FF8DFF73AFEC8F9F50EF" bold="true" box="[151,441,713,740]" pageId="1" pageNumber="92">
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<taxonomicName id="4C0F61A61237FF8DFF73AFEC8F4950EF" ID-CoL="8C22W" authority="Camier & Nel, 2020" authorityName="Camier & Nel" authorityYear="2020" box="[151,367,713,740]" class="Insecta" family="Mycetophilidae" genus="Eoexechia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="1" pageNumber="92" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="gallica" status="sp. nov.">
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<emphasis id="B97BC6371237FF8DFF73AFEC8F4950EF" bold="true" box="[151,367,713,740]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="92">Eoexechia gallica</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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<taxonomicNameLabel id="A2487B4C1237FF8DFE92AFEF8F9F50EF" box="[374,441,714,740]" pageId="1" pageNumber="92" rank="species">sp. n.</taxonomicNameLabel>
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</emphasis>
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</heading>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C31549AE1237FF8DFF73AFC88DF75127" pageId="1" pageNumber="92" type="description">
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<paragraph id="8BB01A251237FF8DFF73AFC88F2D510C" blockId="1.[151,977,713,812]" box="[151,267,749,775]" pageId="1" pageNumber="92">
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(
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<figureCitation id="133406A01237FF8DFF7BAFC88F24510C" box="[159,258,749,775]" captionStart-0="FIGURE 1" captionStart-1="FIGURE 2" captionStart-2="FIGURE 3" captionStartId-0="2.[151,250,2003,2028]" captionStartId-1="3.[151,250,1781,1806]" captionStartId-2="4.[151,250,1912,1937]" captionTargetBox-0="[151,1436,517,1982]" captionTargetBox-1="[151,1436,174,1762]" captionTargetBox-2="[151,1436,445,1889]" captionTargetId-0="figure@2.[151,1436,517,1984]" captionTargetId-1="figure@3.[151,1436,174,1762]" captionTargetId-2="figure@4.[151,1436,445,1893]" captionTargetPageId-0="2" captionTargetPageId-1="3" captionTargetPageId-2="4" captionText-0="FIGURE 1. Eoexechia gallica sp. n. holotype MNHN.F.A71245. A, habitus; B, wing. Scale bars = 0.5 mm." captionText-1="FIGURE 2. Eoexechia gallica sp. n. holotype MNHN.F.A71245. A, thorax, anepst anepisternum, ltg laterotergite, preepst 2 preepisternum 2, sctl scutellum; B, coxae, arrow setae on hind coxa. Scale bars = 0.5 mm (A), 0.2 mm (B)." captionText-2="FIGURE 3. Eoexechia gallica sp. n. holotype MNHN.F.A71245. A, head from above, m.o median ocellus; B, genitalia, v.b. ventral branch of gonostylus, m.b. medial branch of gonostylus, i.b. internal branch of gonostylus. Scale bars = 0.5 mm (A), 0.2 (B)." figureDoi-0="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3603736" figureDoi-1="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3603738" figureDoi-2="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3603740" httpUri-0="https://zenodo.org/record/3603736/files/figure.png" httpUri-1="https://zenodo.org/record/3603738/files/figure.png" httpUri-2="https://zenodo.org/record/3603740/files/figure.png" pageId="1" pageNumber="92">Figs 1–3</figureCitation>
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)
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8BB01A251237FF8DFF73AE348DF75127" blockId="1.[151,977,713,812]" box="[151,977,785,812]" pageId="1" pageNumber="92">
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<uri id="FF9E16271237FF8DFF73AE348DF75127" box="[151,977,785,812]" pageId="1" pageNumber="92">
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urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act:
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<uuid id="FFA920F01237FF8DFE4CAE348DF75127" box="[424,977,785,812]" pageId="1" pageNumber="92">A785CF8A-E9CE-48FA-9CC3-E251D9941A35</uuid>
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</uri>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C31549AE1237FF8DFF73AE7C8B145193" pageId="1" pageNumber="92" type="materials_examined">
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<paragraph id="8BB01A251237FF8DFF73AE7C8B145193" blockId="1.[151,1437,857,2036]" pageId="1" pageNumber="92">
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<emphasis id="B97BC6371237FF8DFF73AE7C8F20517F" bold="true" box="[151,262,857,884]" pageId="1" pageNumber="92">Material.</emphasis>
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<materialsCitation id="3B6710781237FF8DFEE8AE7C8B145193" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="2547344496" collectionCode="MNHN" pageId="1" pageNumber="92" specimenCount="1" typeStatus="holotype">
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<typeStatus id="54B4A4871237FF8DFEE8AE7C8F525178" box="[268,372,857,883]" pageId="1" pageNumber="92" type="holotype">Holotype</typeStatus>
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<collectionCode id="ED1E82E01237FF8DFE9EAE7C8FF5517F" box="[378,467,857,884]" country="France" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34988" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34988" name="Museum National d'Histoire Naturelle" pageId="1" pageNumber="92">MNHN</collectionCode>
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.F.
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<accessionNumber id="945C87C61237FF8DFE0EAE7C8C63517F" box="[490,581,857,884]" httpUri="https://www.ebi.ac.uk/ena/browser/api/embl/A71245" pageId="1" pageNumber="92" type="EnaNcbi">A71245</accessionNumber>
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(PA3071, male, together with a second specimen of the same species in main part hidden by a large but incomplete adult Trichoptera), stored in the Palaeontological Institute,
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<collectionCode id="ED1E82E01237FF8DFB30AE5B8B0B5193" box="[1236,1325,894,920]" country="France" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34988" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34988" name="Museum National d'Histoire Naturelle" pageId="1" pageNumber="92">MNHN</collectionCode>
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.
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</materialsCitation>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C31549AE1237FF8DFF23AE878A5D51D4" pageId="1" pageNumber="92" type="discussion">
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<paragraph id="8BB01A251237FF8DFF23AE878A5D51D4" blockId="1.[151,1437,857,2036]" pageId="1" pageNumber="92">
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<emphasis id="B97BC6371237FF8DFF23AE878F1651B7" bold="true" box="[199,304,930,956]" pageId="1" pageNumber="92">Remark.</emphasis>
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During the study, a cracking happened around the head and thorax, rendering the observation more complicated. Thus some thoracic structures, first clearly visible, became less discernible.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C31549AE1237FF8DFF23AECC8C2E560F" box="[199,520,1001,1028]" pageId="1" pageNumber="92" type="diagnosis">
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<paragraph id="8BB01A251237FF8DFF23AECC8C2E560F" blockId="1.[151,1437,857,2036]" box="[199,520,1001,1028]" pageId="1" pageNumber="92">
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<emphasis id="B97BC6371237FF8DFF23AECC8F64560F" bold="true" box="[199,322,1001,1028]" pageId="1" pageNumber="92">Diagnosis.</emphasis>
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As for the genus.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C31549AE1237FF8EFF23A9288ECF53FC" lastPageId="2" lastPageNumber="93" pageId="1" pageNumber="92" type="description">
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<paragraph id="8BB01A251237FF8DFF23A9288DF3562C" blockId="1.[151,1437,857,2036]" box="[199,981,1037,1064]" pageId="1" pageNumber="92">
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<emphasis id="B97BC6371237FF8DFF23A9288F7F5623" bold="true" box="[199,345,1037,1064]" pageId="1" pageNumber="92">Description.</emphasis>
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<emphasis id="B97BC6371237FF8DFE84A9288FBC562C" box="[352,410,1037,1063]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="92">Body</emphasis>
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<quantity id="4CF7B7C01237FF8DFE44A9288C225623" box="[416,516,1037,1064]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.07" pageId="1" pageNumber="92" unit="mm" value="2.07">2.07 mm</quantity>
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long; head not elongated,
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<quantity id="4CF7B7C01237FF8DFCC9A9288DB75623" box="[813,913,1037,1064]" metricMagnitude="-4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.2" pageId="1" pageNumber="92" unit="mm" value="0.42">0.42 mm</quantity>
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wide.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8BB01A251237FF8DFF23A9148FCC5767" blockId="1.[151,1437,857,2036]" pageId="1" pageNumber="92">
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<emphasis id="B97BC6371237FF8DFF23A9148F2D5640" box="[199,267,1073,1099]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="92">Head.</emphasis>
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Large compound eyes covering almost all of length of head in lateral view, with a curvature near antennal base, eye
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<quantity id="4CF7B7C01237FF8DFEE7A9708F40567B" box="[259,358,1109,1136]" metricMagnitude="-4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.2" pageId="1" pageNumber="92" unit="mm" value="0.22">0.22 mm</quantity>
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high; lateral ocelli near eye margin, mid ocellus present; frons with several dark setae laterally in front of ocelli, and several strong setae above upper eye margin, occipital furrow present, frontal furrow very short, confined to back of head; face short, with a few setae; frontal tubercle bilobate and broad; clypeus ovate, covered with rather long setae; antenna unmodified, rather long but slightly shorter than head and thorax together; flagellum cylindrical with 14 short flagellomeres (F2 about as wide as long, then gradually longer towards tip where F14 is two times as long as wide); antennal ratio (= F2/F1) larger than 2/3; palp with four visible segments, sensory pit not situated basally and shorter than 0.5 length of palpomere 1; palpomere 2 with setae; palpomere 3 enlarged; premental apodeme with one process;
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8BB01A251237FF8DFF23A8508B275480" blockId="1.[151,1437,857,2036]" pageId="1" pageNumber="92">
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<emphasis id="B97BC6371237FF8DFF23A8508F065784" box="[199,288,1397,1423]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="92">Thorax.</emphasis>
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Compact,
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<quantity id="4CF7B7C01237FF8DFE7CA8508FDA579B" box="[408,508,1397,1424]" metricMagnitude="-4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="7.3" pageId="1" pageNumber="92" unit="mm" value="0.73">0.73 mm</quantity>
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long, highly arched as in most
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<taxonomicName id="4C0F61A61237FF8DFCBCA8508DE05784" authorityName="Edwards" authorityYear="1925" box="[856,966,1397,1423]" class="Insecta" family="Mycetophilidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="1" pageNumber="92" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="tribe" tribe="Exechiini">Exechiini</taxonomicName>
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, scutum with small decumbent bristles intermingled among small setae, not arranged in distinct lines, dorsal surface of scutellum densely covered with dark setae, subapical bristles slightly longer than scutellum; basisternum 1 with setae; proepimeron with setae; anepimeron without setae, with ventral part ending before ventral side; anepisternum bare, taller than wide; mediotergite with setae; ventral edge of preepisternum 2 not round, covering base of coxa; posterior basalare without setae; metepisternum with some small setae on anterodorsal part; metepimeron without setae; metanotum with setae behind halter; mediotergite with setae; prescutum and notum well produced beyond upper rim of anepisternum; notum with large setae in rows; distal median plate without ventral and dorsal setae; basicosta with large bristles;
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8BB01A251237FF8DFF23ABB38A39558C" blockId="1.[151,1437,857,2036]" pageId="1" pageNumber="92">
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<emphasis id="B97BC6371237FF8DFF23ABB38F2E54A4" box="[199,264,1686,1711]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="92">Wing.</emphasis>
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<quantity id="4CF7B7C01237FF8DFEF4ABB08F5054BB" box="[272,374,1685,1712]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.93" pageId="1" pageNumber="92" unit="mm" value="1.93">1.93 mm</quantity>
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long, hyaline; membrane covered with microtrichia in regular longitudinal rows, but without setae; humeral vein with setae; vein sc quite long, with apex distinct, ending in R1, costa distinctly produced beyond R4+5; vein R1 short, ending in costa beyond half way from base of dmp to tip of wing; vein ta short, not interrupted by a longitudinal fold, with setae; stem of M-fork distinct, short, Cu+M4-fork branching before branching of Mfork, M1 with row of trichia; M2 distinct and reaching wing margin, with row of trichia; CuA+M4 stem with row of small trichia; M4 present, with row of trichia; CuA present, with row of trichia; CuAP strong, apically weaker, not reaching level of point of furcation of M; vein A1 weak, short; A2 phantom-like;
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8BB01A251237FF8EFF23AAB78F135314" blockId="1.[151,1437,857,2036]" lastBlockId="2.[151,1436,153,503]" lastPageId="2" lastPageNumber="93" pageId="1" pageNumber="92">
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<emphasis id="B97BC6371237FF8DFF23AAB78F2255A0" box="[199,260,1938,1963]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="92">Legs.</emphasis>
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Covered with dark trichia and setae, all coxae with several black setae apically, femora clothed with numerous dark trichia, fore tibia shorter than femur; mid femur with apical bristles; mid tibia with large setae and trichia in distinct rows; hind coxa with several bristles at basis; hind femur arched (width/length> 0.2); hind tibia with setae less than twice width of tibia, and with apical brush produced across tibia; trichia on hind leg in distinct rows; dorsal surface of hind tibia with a triangular depression; hind spurs longer than half length of basitarsus; one spur on fore tibia, two spurs on both mid and hind tibia; tarsal claws small; empodium present, rather large and as long as claws;
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8BB01A251234FF8EFF23AC0C8CAD536C" blockId="2.[151,1436,153,503]" pageId="2" pageNumber="93">
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<emphasis id="B97BC6371234FF8EFF23AC0C8F1F5348" box="[199,313,297,323]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="93">Abdomen.</emphasis>
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Abdominal segments with dark brown markings along posterior margins, sternites narrow, longitudinal medial concave fold(s) not discernible.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8BB01A251234FF8EFF23AC548ECF53FC" blockId="2.[151,1436,153,503]" pageId="2" pageNumber="93">
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<emphasis id="B97BC6371234FF8EFF23AC548FA25380" box="[199,388,369,395]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="93">Male terminalia.</emphasis>
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Large,
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<quantity id="4CF7B7C01234FF8EFE3EAC548C185380" box="[474,574,369,395]" metricMagnitude="-4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.6" pageId="2" pageNumber="93" unit="mm" value="0.26">0.26 mm</quantity>
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long, but only visible laterally and dorsally in part; terminal bristles on cerci present; basal bristles on T9 absent; T9 with setae on its mid surface, only ventral branch of gonostylus clearly visible, rounded and very large, with a row of long bristles around its margin; medial and internal branches partly visible.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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||
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|
||
<paragraph id="8BB01A251234FF8EFF73AAF68AC455E7" blockId="2.[151,1250,2003,2028]" box="[151,1250,2003,2028]" pageId="2" pageNumber="93">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97BC6371234FF8EFF73AAF68F3555E7" bold="true" box="[151,275,2003,2028]" pageId="2" pageNumber="93">FIGURE 1.</emphasis>
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0F61A61234FF8EFEFDAAF18FE955E7" authority="Camier & Nel, 2020" authorityName="Camier & Nel" authorityYear="2020" box="[281,463,2004,2028]" class="Insecta" family="Mycetophilidae" genus="Eoexechia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="93" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="gallica" status="sp. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97BC6371234FF8EFEFDAAF18FE955E7" box="[281,463,2004,2028]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="93">Eoexechia gallica</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<emphasis id="B97BC6371234FF8EFE32AAF18C2955E7" bold="true" box="[470,527,2004,2028]" pageId="2" pageNumber="93">
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A2487B4C1234FF8EFE32AAF18C2955E7" box="[470,527,2004,2028]" pageId="2" pageNumber="93" rank="species">sp. n.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
holotype MNHN.F.
|
||
<accessionNumber id="945C87C61234FF8EFD3FAAF68D1655E7" box="[731,816,2003,2028]" httpUri="https://www.ebi.ac.uk/ena/browser/api/embl/A71245" pageId="2" pageNumber="93" type="EnaNcbi">A71245</accessionNumber>
|
||
.
|
||
<emphasis id="B97BC6371234FF8EFCDDAAF68D6D55E7" bold="true" box="[825,843,2003,2028]" pageId="2" pageNumber="93">A</emphasis>
|
||
, habitus;
|
||
<emphasis id="B97BC6371234FF8EFC4AAAF18D9955E7" bold="true" box="[942,959,2004,2028]" pageId="2" pageNumber="93">B</emphasis>
|
||
, wing. Scale bars = 0.5 mm.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<caption id="DF704AAD1235FF8FFF73ABD08AF4553A" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3603738" ID-Zenodo-Dep="3603738" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3603738/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="94" startId="3.[151,250,1781,1806]" targetBox="[151,1436,174,1762]" targetPageId="3">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BB01A251235FF8FFF73ABD08AF4553A" blockId="3.[151,1437,1781,1842]" pageId="3" pageNumber="94">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97BC6371235FF8FFF73ABD08F325505" bold="true" box="[151,276,1781,1806]" pageId="3" pageNumber="94">FIGURE 2.</emphasis>
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0F61A61235FF8FFEF8ABD08FF25506" authority="Camier & Nel, 2020" authorityName="Camier & Nel" authorityYear="2020" box="[284,468,1781,1805]" class="Insecta" family="Mycetophilidae" genus="Eoexechia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="94" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="gallica" status="sp. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97BC6371235FF8FFEF8ABD08FF25506" box="[284,468,1781,1805]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="94">Eoexechia gallica</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<emphasis id="B97BC6371235FF8FFE38ABD08C315506" bold="true" box="[476,535,1781,1805]" pageId="3" pageNumber="94">
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A2487B4C1235FF8FFE38ABD08C315506" box="[476,535,1781,1805]" pageId="3" pageNumber="94" rank="species">sp. n.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
holotype MNHN.F.
|
||
<accessionNumber id="945C87C61235FF8FFD02ABD08D1C5505" box="[742,826,1781,1806]" httpUri="https://www.ebi.ac.uk/ena/browser/api/embl/A71245" pageId="3" pageNumber="94" type="EnaNcbi">A71245</accessionNumber>
|
||
.
|
||
<emphasis id="B97BC6371235FF8FFCA1ABD08D715505" bold="true" box="[837,855,1781,1806]" pageId="3" pageNumber="94">A</emphasis>
|
||
, thorax, anepst anepisternum, ltg laterotergite, preepst 2 preepisternum 2, sctl scutellum;
|
||
<emphasis id="B97BC6371235FF8FFE05AA3C8FD4553A" bold="true" box="[481,498,1817,1841]" pageId="3" pageNumber="94">B</emphasis>
|
||
, coxae, arrow setae on hind coxa. Scale bars = 0.5 mm (
|
||
<emphasis id="B97BC6371235FF8FFBCBAA3C8A675539" bold="true" box="[1071,1089,1817,1842]" pageId="3" pageNumber="94">A</emphasis>
|
||
), 0.2 mm (
|
||
<emphasis id="B97BC6371235FF8FFB56AA3C8AE5553A" bold="true" box="[1202,1219,1817,1841]" pageId="3" pageNumber="94">B</emphasis>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C31549AE1235FF8AFF23AA458DB7563C" lastPageId="6" lastPageNumber="97" pageId="3" pageNumber="94" type="etymology">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BB01A251235FF88FF23AA458E935314" blockId="3.[151,1437,1888,2022]" lastBlockId="4.[151,1437,153,431]" lastPageId="4" lastPageNumber="95" pageId="3" pageNumber="94">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97BC6371235FF8FFF23AA458F685571" bold="true" box="[199,334,1888,1914]" pageId="3" pageNumber="94">Etymology.</emphasis>
|
||
Named after the Latin name for
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F3185AB51235FF8FFD5AAA458D285571" box="[702,782,1888,1914]" name="France" pageId="3" pageNumber="94">France</collectingCountry>
|
||
.
|
||
<emphasis id="B97BC6371235FF8FFF23AAA68F6A5595" bold="true" box="[199,332,1923,1950]" pageId="3" pageNumber="94">Discussion.</emphasis>
|
||
We performed a phylogenetic analysis based on the morphological phylogenetic matrix of
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EF9E67D41235FF8FFAB6AAA18F1E55C8" author="Rindal, E. & Soli, G. E. E." pageId="3" pageNumber="94" pagination="43 - 59" refId="ref3543" refString="Rindal, E. & Soli, G. E. E. (2006) Phylogeny of the subfamily Mycetophilinae (Diptera: Mycetophilidae). Zootaxa, 1302 (1), 43 - 59. https: // doi. org / 10.11646 / zootaxa. 1302.1.4" type="journal article" year="2006">Rindal & Søli (2006)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
, adding our fossil. The outgroups are the same as in this paper, viz. four genera of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0F61A61235FF8FFB08AA8D8BBA55C9" authorityName="Newman" authorityYear="1834" box="[1260,1436,1960,1986]" class="Insecta" family="Mycetophilidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="94" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="family">Mycetophilidae</taxonomicName>
|
||
outside the subfamily
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0F61A61235FF8FFE73AAE98C6C55ED" authorityName="Newman" authorityYear="1834" box="[407,586,1996,2022]" class="Insecta" family="Mycetophilidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="94" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subFamily" subFamily="Mycetophilinae">Mycetophilinae</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0F61A61235FF8FFDB3AAE88D1555ED" authority="Meigen, 1818" authorityName="Meigen" authorityYear="1818" box="[599,819,1996,2022]" class="Insecta" family="Mycetophilidae" genus="Leia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="94" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97BC6371235FF8FFDB3AAE88CAF55ED" box="[599,649,1997,2022]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="94">Leia</emphasis>
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EF9E67D41235FF8FFD76AAE98D1555ED" author="Meigen, J. W." box="[658,819,1996,2022]" pageId="3" pageNumber="94" refId="ref3411" refString="Meigen, J. W. (1818) Systematische Beschreibung der bekannten europaischen zweiflugeligen Insekten. Vol. 1. Forstmann, F. W. (publish.), Aachen, xxxvi + 332 pp. https: // doi. org / 10.5962 / bhl. title. 13731" type="book" year="1818">Meigen, 1818</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0F61A61235FF8FFCA4AAE88A7F55ED" authority="Winnertz, 1863" authorityName="Winnertz" authorityYear="1863" box="[832,1113,1996,2022]" class="Insecta" family="Mycetophilidae" genus="Docosia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="94" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97BC6371235FF8FFCA4AAE88DBB55ED" box="[832,925,1997,2022]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="94">Docosia</emphasis>
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EF9E67D41235FF8FFC43AAE98A7F55ED" author="Winnertz, J." box="[935,1113,1996,2022]" pageId="3" pageNumber="94" pagination="637 - 964" refId="ref3986" refString="Winnertz, J. (1863) Beitrag zu einer Monographie der Pilzmucken. Verhandlungen der Kaiserlich-Koniglichen Zoologisch- Botanischen Gesellschaft in Wien, 13, 637 - 964. https: // doi. org / 10.5962 / bhl. title. 9961" type="journal article" year="1863">Winnertz, 1863</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0F61A61235FF8FFB83AAE98B4C55ED" authority="Staeger, 1840" authorityName="Staeger" authorityYear="1840" box="[1127,1386,1996,2022]" class="Insecta" family="Mycetophilidae" genus="Boletina" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="94" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97BC6371235FF8FFB83AAE98AE055ED" box="[1127,1222,1996,2022]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="94">Boletina</emphasis>
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EF9E67D41235FF8FFB2BAAE98B4C55ED" author="Staeger, C." box="[1231,1386,1996,2022]" pageId="3" pageNumber="94" pagination="228 - 288" refId="ref3871" refString="Staeger, C. (1840) Systematisk Fortegnelse over de i Danmark hidtil funde Diptera. Tipularia Fungicolae. Naturhistorisk Tidsskrift, 3, 228 - 288." type="journal article" year="1840">Staeger, 1840</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0F61A61232FF88FF73ADBC8FC552B8" authority="Johannsen, 1909" authorityName="Johannsen" authorityYear="1909" box="[151,483,153,179]" class="Insecta" family="Mycetophilidae" genus="Dziedzickia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="95" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97BC6371232FF88FF73ADBC8F3C52B8" box="[151,282,153,179]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="95">Dziedzickia</emphasis>
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EF9E67D41232FF88FEC7ADBC8FC552B8" author="Johannsen, O. A." box="[291,483,153,179]" pageId="4" pageNumber="95" pagination="1 - 141" refId="ref3080" refString="Johannsen, O. A. (1909) Diptera fam. Mycetophilidae. Genera Insectorum, 93, 1 - 141." type="journal article" year="1909">Johannsen, 1909</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
. We used the software Nexus to complete the matrix of
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EF9E67D41232FF88FB89ADBC8B4752BF" author="Rindal, E. & Soli, G. E. E." box="[1133,1377,153,180]" pageId="4" pageNumber="95" pagination="43 - 59" refId="ref3543" refString="Rindal, E. & Soli, G. E. E. (2006) Phylogeny of the subfamily Mycetophilinae (Diptera: Mycetophilidae). Zootaxa, 1302 (1), 43 - 59. https: // doi. org / 10.11646 / zootaxa. 1302.1.4" type="journal article" year="2006">Rindal & Søli (2006)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
with
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0F61A61232FF88FF73AD988F2A52DC" authority="Camier & Nel, 2020" authorityName="Camier & Nel" authorityYear="2020" box="[151,268,189,215]" class="Insecta" family="Mycetophilidae" genus="Eoexechia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="95" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus" status="gen. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97BC6371232FF88FF73AD988F2A52DC" box="[151,268,189,215]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="95">Eoexechia</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A2487B4C1232FF88FEF0AD988F4452DC" box="[276,354,189,215]" pageId="4" pageNumber="95" rank="genus">gen. n.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
, and win-Paup4b10 with the HSearch option with 200 replicates. We obtained 16 equally most parsimonious cladograms (Length = 260 steps, CI = 0.2962, RC = 0.1897) (for strict consensus cladogram see
|
||
<figureCitation id="133406A01232FF88FA94ADC48E8E5314" captionStart="FIGURE 4" captionStartId="5.[151,250,2010,2035]" captionTargetBox="[154,1340,178,1976]" captionTargetId="figure@5.[151,1351,171,1988]" captionTargetPageId="5" captionText="FIGURE 4. Strict consensus cladogram of 16 equally most parsimonious cladograms." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3603742" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3603742/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="95">Fig. 4</figureCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BB01A251232FF88FF23AC0C8F6B53A4" blockId="4.[151,1437,153,431]" pageId="4" pageNumber="95">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0F61A61232FF88FF23AC0C8F1A5348" authority="Camier & Nel, 2020" authorityName="Camier & Nel" authorityYear="2020" box="[199,316,297,323]" class="Insecta" family="Mycetophilidae" genus="Eoexechia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="95" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus" status="gen. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97BC6371232FF88FF23AC0C8F1A5348" box="[199,316,297,323]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="95">Eoexechia</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
falls in the tribe
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0F61A61232FF88FE10AC0C8C795348" authorityName="Edwards" authorityYear="1925" box="[500,607,297,323]" class="Insecta" family="Mycetophilidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="95" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="tribe" tribe="Exechiini">Exechiini</taxonomicName>
|
||
as sister group of all extant genera. The phylogeny of
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EF9E67D41232FF88FB57AC0C8BBA534F" author="Rindal, E. & Soli, G. E. E." box="[1203,1436,297,324]" pageId="4" pageNumber="95" pagination="43 - 59" refId="ref3543" refString="Rindal, E. & Soli, G. E. E. (2006) Phylogeny of the subfamily Mycetophilinae (Diptera: Mycetophilidae). Zootaxa, 1302 (1), 43 - 59. https: // doi. org / 10.11646 / zootaxa. 1302.1.4" type="journal article" year="2006">Rindal & Søli (2006)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
is not totally respected, especially for the position of the genus
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0F61A61232FF88FC8EAC688A4B536C" authority="Meigen, 1803" authorityName="Meigen" authorityYear="1803" box="[874,1133,333,359]" class="Insecta" family="Mycetophilidae" genus="Cordyla" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="95" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97BC6371232FF88FC8EAC688DE3536C" box="[874,965,333,359]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="95">Cordyla</emphasis>
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EF9E67D41232FF88FC29AC688A4B536C" author="Meigen, J. W." box="[973,1133,333,359]" pageId="4" pageNumber="95" pagination="259 - 281" refId="ref3379" refString="Meigen, J. W. (1803) Versuch einer neuen Gattungseinteilung [sic!] der eurpoaischen zweiflugligen Insekten. Magazin fur Insektenkunde, 2, 259 - 281." type="journal article" year="1803">Meigen, 1803</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, previously sister group of other extant
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0F61A61232FF88FEC3AC548FB35380" authorityName="Edwards" authorityYear="1925" box="[295,405,369,395]" class="Insecta" family="Mycetophilidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="95" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="tribe" tribe="Exechiini">Exechiini</taxonomicName>
|
||
, while in our analysis it is falling with
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0F61A61232FF88FCBFAC578AB15380" authority="Tuomikoski, 1966" authorityName="Tuomikoski" authorityYear="1966" box="[859,1175,369,395]" class="Insecta" family="Mycetophilidae" genus="Tarnania" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="95" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97BC6371232FF88FCBFAC578DE75380" box="[859,961,370,395]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="95">Tarnania</emphasis>
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EF9E67D41232FF88FC2DAC548AB15380" author="Tuomikoski, R." box="[969,1175,369,395]" pageId="4" pageNumber="95" pagination="159 - 194" refId="ref3958" refString="Tuomikoski, R. (1966) Generic taxonomy of the Exechiini (Diptera, Mycetophilidae). Annales Entomologici Fennici, 32, 159 - 194." type="journal article" year="1966">Tuomikoski, 1966</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0F61A61232FF88FB36AC548F6E53A4" authority="Tuomikoski, 1966" authorityName="Tuomikoski" authorityYear="1966" class="Insecta" family="Mycetophilidae" genus="Pseudexechia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="95" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97BC6371232FF88FB36AC548B4A5380" box="[1234,1388,369,395]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="95">Pseudexechia</emphasis>
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EF9E67D41232FF88FA91AC548F6E53A4" author="Tuomikoski, R." pageId="4" pageNumber="95" pagination="159 - 194" refId="ref3958" refString="Tuomikoski, R. (1966) Generic taxonomy of the Exechiini (Diptera, Mycetophilidae). Annales Entomologici Fennici, 32, 159 - 194." type="journal article" year="1966">Tuomikoski, 1966</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<caption id="DF704AAD1232FF88FF73AA5D8EC355D2" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3603740" ID-Zenodo-Dep="3603740" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3603740/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="95" startId="4.[151,250,1912,1937]" targetBox="[151,1436,445,1889]" targetPageId="4">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BB01A251232FF88FF73AA5D8EC355D2" blockId="4.[151,1437,1912,2009]" pageId="4" pageNumber="95">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97BC6371232FF88FF73AA5D8F32559A" bold="true" box="[151,276,1912,1937]" pageId="4" pageNumber="95">FIGURE 3.</emphasis>
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0F61A61232FF88FEF8AA5C8FF5559A" authority="Camier & Nel, 2020" authorityName="Camier & Nel" authorityYear="2020" box="[284,467,1913,1937]" class="Insecta" family="Mycetophilidae" genus="Eoexechia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="95" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="gallica" status="sp. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97BC6371232FF88FEF8AA5C8FF5559A" box="[284,467,1913,1937]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="95">Eoexechia gallica</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<emphasis id="B97BC6371232FF88FE3FAA5C8C33559A" bold="true" box="[475,533,1913,1937]" pageId="4" pageNumber="95">
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A2487B4C1232FF88FE3FAA5C8C33559A" box="[475,533,1913,1937]" pageId="4" pageNumber="95" rank="species">sp. n.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
holotype MNHN.F.
|
||
<accessionNumber id="945C87C61232FF88FD07AA5D8D1E559A" box="[739,824,1912,1937]" httpUri="https://www.ebi.ac.uk/ena/browser/api/embl/A71245" pageId="4" pageNumber="95" type="EnaNcbi">A71245</accessionNumber>
|
||
.
|
||
<emphasis id="B97BC6371232FF88FCA6AA5D8D72559A" bold="true" box="[834,852,1912,1937]" pageId="4" pageNumber="95">A</emphasis>
|
||
, head from above, m.o median ocellus;
|
||
<emphasis id="B97BC6371232FF88FB10AA5C8B23559A" bold="true" box="[1268,1285,1913,1937]" pageId="4" pageNumber="95">B</emphasis>
|
||
, genitalia, v.b. ventral branch of gonostylus, m.b. medial branch of gonostylus, i.b. internal branch of gonostylus. Scale bars = 0.5 mm (
|
||
<emphasis id="B97BC6371232FF88FA9FAAB98BAB55BE" bold="true" box="[1403,1421,1948,1973]" pageId="4" pageNumber="95">A</emphasis>
|
||
), 0.2 (
|
||
<emphasis id="B97BC6371232FF88FF22AAE48EF155D2" bold="true" box="[198,215,1985,2009]" pageId="4" pageNumber="95">B</emphasis>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<caption id="DF704AAD1233FF89FF73AAFF8A2255F8" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3603742" ID-Zenodo-Dep="3603742" box="[151,1028,2010,2035]" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3603742/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="96" startId="5.[151,250,2010,2035]" targetBox="[154,1340,178,1976]" targetPageId="5">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BB01A251233FF89FF73AAFF8A2255F8" blockId="5.[151,1028,2010,2035]" box="[151,1028,2010,2035]" pageId="5" pageNumber="96">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97BC6371233FF89FF73AAFF8F3555F8" bold="true" box="[151,275,2010,2035]" pageId="5" pageNumber="96">FIGURE 4.</emphasis>
|
||
Strict consensus cladogram of 16 equally most parsimonious cladograms.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BB01A251230FF8AFF23ADBC8C3452F0" blockId="6.[151,1437,153,1331]" pageId="6" pageNumber="97">
|
||
The frontal furrow very short, confined to the back of the head (character 6, state 2), and the hind tibial apical brush produced across tibia (character 59, state 1) support the clade (
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0F61A61230FF8AFC75AD988A2052DC" authority="Camier & Nel, 2020" authorityName="Camier & Nel" authorityYear="2020" box="[913,1030,189,215]" class="Insecta" family="Mycetophilidae" genus="Eoexechia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="6" pageNumber="95" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus" status="gen. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97BC6371230FF8AFC75AD988A2052DC" box="[913,1030,189,215]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="97">Eoexechia</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
+ extant
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0F61A61230FF8AFB88AD988AFA52D3" authorityName="Edwards" authorityYear="1925" box="[1132,1244,189,216]" class="Insecta" family="Mycetophilidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="6" pageNumber="97" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="tribe" tribe="Exechiini">Exechiini</taxonomicName>
|
||
), even if first one is reversed to state ‘0’ in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0F61A61230FF8AFE54ADC48C2D52F0" authorityName="Meigen" authorityYear="1803" box="[432,523,225,251]" class="Insecta" family="Mycetophilidae" genus="Cordyla" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="6" pageNumber="97" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97BC6371230FF8AFE54ADC48C2D52F0" box="[432,523,225,251]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="97">Cordyla</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BB01A251230FF8AFF23AC208B1B53D8" blockId="6.[151,1437,153,1331]" pageId="6" pageNumber="97">
|
||
All the extant
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0F61A61230FF8AFE8EAC208FF35314" authorityName="Edwards" authorityYear="1925" box="[362,469,261,287]" class="Insecta" family="Mycetophilidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="6" pageNumber="97" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="tribe" tribe="Exechiini">Exechiini</taxonomicName>
|
||
have a narrow frontal tubercle (character 7, state 1), while it is bilobate and broad in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0F61A61230FF8AFF73AC0C8F2A5348" authority="Camier & Nel, 2020" authorityName="Camier & Nel" authorityYear="2020" box="[151,268,297,323]" class="Insecta" family="Mycetophilidae" genus="Eoexechia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="6" pageNumber="95" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus" status="gen. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97BC6371230FF8AFF73AC0C8F2A5348" box="[151,268,297,323]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="97">Eoexechia</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(state ‘0’). Also, they all have a reduced empodium (character 49, state 1), while it is well-developed in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0F61A61230FF8AFF51AC688F0C536C" authority="Camier & Nel, 2020" authorityName="Camier & Nel" authorityYear="2020" box="[181,298,333,359]" class="Insecta" family="Mycetophilidae" genus="Eoexechia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="6" pageNumber="95" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus" status="gen. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97BC6371230FF8AFF51AC688F0C536C" box="[181,298,333,359]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="97">Eoexechia</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(character 49, state 0). These two characters support the position of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0F61A61230FF8AFBD7AC688A8E536C" authority="Camier & Nel, 2020" authorityName="Camier & Nel" authorityYear="2020" box="[1075,1192,333,359]" class="Insecta" family="Mycetophilidae" genus="Eoexechia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="6" pageNumber="95" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus" status="gen. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97BC6371230FF8AFBD7AC688A8E536C" box="[1075,1192,333,359]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="97">Eoexechia</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
as sister group of the extant
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0F61A61230FF8AFF00AC548F755380" authorityName="Edwards" authorityYear="1925" box="[228,339,369,395]" class="Insecta" family="Mycetophilidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="6" pageNumber="97" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="tribe" tribe="Exechiini">Exechiini</taxonomicName>
|
||
.
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0F61A61230FF8AFEBBAC548FF25380" authority="Camier & Nel, 2020" authorityName="Camier & Nel" authorityYear="2020" box="[351,468,369,395]" class="Insecta" family="Mycetophilidae" genus="Eoexechia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="6" pageNumber="95" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus" status="gen. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97BC6371230FF8AFEBBAC548FF25380" box="[351,468,369,395]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="97">Eoexechia</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
has the dorsal surface of the hind tibia with a triangular depression, a character only present in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0F61A61230FF8AFEEFACB08F4353A4" box="[267,357,405,431]" class="Insecta" family="Mycetophilidae" genus="Exechia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="6" pageNumber="97" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97BC6371230FF8AFEEFACB08F4353A4" box="[267,357,405,431]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="97">Exechia</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0F61A61230FF8AFE78ACB08C0453A4" authorityName="Tuomikoski" authorityYear="1966" box="[412,546,405,431]" class="Insecta" family="Mycetophilidae" genus="Exechiopsis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="6" pageNumber="97" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97BC6371230FF8AFE78ACB08C0453A4" box="[412,546,405,431]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="97">Exechiopsis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, after
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EF9E67D41230FF8AFD8DACB08D7F53BB" author="Rindal, E. & Soli, G. E. E." box="[617,857,405,432]" pageId="6" pageNumber="97" pagination="43 - 59" refId="ref3543" refString="Rindal, E. & Soli, G. E. E. (2006) Phylogeny of the subfamily Mycetophilinae (Diptera: Mycetophilidae). Zootaxa, 1302 (1), 43 - 59. https: // doi. org / 10.11646 / zootaxa. 1302.1.4" type="journal article" year="2006">Rindal & Søli (2006)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
. The presence of three ocelli would be a symplesiomorphy present in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0F61A61230FF8AFE8EAC9C8F9A53D8" box="[362,444,441,467]" class="Insecta" family="Mycetophilidae" genus="Allodia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="6" pageNumber="97" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97BC6371230FF8AFE8EAC9C8F9A53D8" box="[362,444,441,467]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="97">Allodia</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0F61A61230FF8AFE2EAC9C8C1E53D8" authorityName="Edwards" authorityYear="1932" box="[458,568,441,467]" class="Insecta" family="Mycetophilidae" genus="Neallodia" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="6" pageNumber="97" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97BC6371230FF8AFE2EAC9C8C1E53D8" box="[458,568,441,467]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="97">Neallodia</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0F61A61230FF8AFDA3AC9C8CED53D8" authorityName="Winnertz" authorityYear="1863" box="[583,715,441,467]" class="Insecta" family="Mycetophilidae" genus="Brachypeza" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="6" pageNumber="97" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97BC6371230FF8AFDA3AC9C8CED53D8" box="[583,715,441,467]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="97">Brachypeza</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0F61A61230FF8AFD3DAC9F8D4853D8" authorityName="Lane" authorityYear="1948" box="[729,878,442,467]" class="Insecta" family="Mycetophilidae" genus="Boraceomyia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="6" pageNumber="97" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97BC6371230FF8AFD3DAC9F8D4853D8" box="[729,878,442,467]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="97">Boraceomyia</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0F61A61230FF8AFC48AC9C8A0753D8" authority="Camier & Nel, 2020" authorityName="Camier & Nel" authorityYear="2020" box="[940,1057,441,467]" class="Insecta" family="Mycetophilidae" genus="Eoexechia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="6" pageNumber="95" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus" status="gen. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97BC6371230FF8AFC48AC9C8A0753D8" box="[940,1057,441,467]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="97">Eoexechia</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EF9E67D41230FF8AFBCBAC9C8B1753D8" author="Burdikova, N. & Kjaerandsen, J. & Lindemann, J. P. & Kasprak, D. & Tothova, A. & Sevcik, J." box="[1071,1329,441,467]" pageId="6" pageNumber="97" refId="ref2884" refString="Burdikova, N., Kjaerandsen, J., Lindemann, J. P., Kasprak, D., Tothova, A. & Sevcik, J. (2019) Molecular phylogeny of the Paleogene fungus gnat tribe Exechiini (Diptera: Mycetophilidae) revisited: monophyly of genera established and rapid radiation confirmed. Journal of Zoological Systematics and Evolutionary Research. [published online] https: // doi. org / 10.1111 / jzs. 12287" type="book" year="2019">
|
||
Burdíková
|
||
<emphasis id="B97BC6371230FF8AFB4AAC9F8AC053D8" box="[1198,1254,441,467]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="97">et al.</emphasis>
|
||
, 2019
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BB01A251230FF8AFF23ACF88D6C5068" blockId="6.[151,1437,153,1331]" pageId="6" pageNumber="97">
|
||
The analysis of
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EF9E67D41230FF8AFE98ACF88C4A53F3" author="Rindal, E. & Soli, G. E. E." box="[380,620,477,504]" pageId="6" pageNumber="97" pagination="43 - 59" refId="ref3543" refString="Rindal, E. & Soli, G. E. E. (2006) Phylogeny of the subfamily Mycetophilinae (Diptera: Mycetophilidae). Zootaxa, 1302 (1), 43 - 59. https: // doi. org / 10.11646 / zootaxa. 1302.1.4" type="journal article" year="2006">Rindal & Søli (2006)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
did not include the
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0F61A61230FF8AFCABACF88D9C53FC" authorityName="Edwards" authorityYear="1925" box="[847,954,477,503]" class="Insecta" family="Mycetophilidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="6" pageNumber="97" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="tribe" tribe="Exechiini">Exechiini</taxonomicName>
|
||
genera
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0F61A61230FF8AFBF0ACF88B1053FC" authority="Edwards, 1932" authorityName="Edwards" authorityYear="1932" box="[1044,1334,477,503]" class="Insecta" family="Mycetophilidae" genus="Neallodia" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="6" pageNumber="97" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97BC6371230FF8AFBF0ACF88AA453FC" box="[1044,1154,477,503]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="97">Neallodia</emphasis>
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EF9E67D41230FF8AFB6EACF88B1053FC" author="Edwards, F. W." box="[1162,1334,477,503]" pageId="6" pageNumber="97" pagination="138 - 149" refId="ref3023" refString="Edwards, F. W. (1932) New Brazilian Mycetophilidae (Diptera). Revista de Entomologia, 2, 138 - 149." type="journal article" year="1932">Edwards, 1932</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0F61A61230FF8AFAA6ACF88C035010" authority="Sevcik & Kjaerandsen, 2012" authorityName="Sevcik & Kjaerandsen" authorityYear="2012" class="Insecta" family="Mycetophilidae" genus="Brachyradia" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="6" pageNumber="97" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97BC6371230FF8AFAA6ACF88EF25010" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="97">Brachyradia</emphasis>
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EF9E67D41230FF8AFF3AAF258C035010" author="Sevcik, J. & Kjaerandsen, J." box="[222,549,512,539]" pageId="6" pageNumber="97" pagination="117 - 127" refId="ref3658" refString="Sevcik, J. & Kjaerandsen, J. (2012) Brachyradia, a new genus of the tribe Exechiini (Diptera: Mycetophilidae) from the Oriental and Australasian regions. The Raffles Bulletin of Zoology, 60, 117 - 127." type="journal article" year="2012">Ševčík & Kjaerandsen, 2012</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0F61A61230FF8AFDD7AF248D1E5010" authority="Skuse, 1890" authorityName="Skuse" authorityYear="1890" box="[563,824,513,539]" class="Insecta" family="Mycetophilidae" genus="Synplasta" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="6" pageNumber="97" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97BC6371230FF8AFDD7AF248C865010" box="[563,672,513,539]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="97">Synplasta</emphasis>
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EF9E67D41230FF8AFD4EAF248D1E5010" author="Skuse, A. A." box="[682,824,513,539]" pageId="6" pageNumber="97" pagination="595 - 640" refId="ref3703" refString="Skuse, A. A. (1890) Diptera of Australia. Nematocera. Supplement II. Proceedings of the Linnean Society of New South Wales, Series 2, 5, 595 - 640. https: // doi. org / 10.5962 / bhl. part. 18657" type="journal article" year="1890">Skuse, 1890</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0F61A61230FF8AFCA2AF278A585010" authority="Tuomikoski, 1966" authorityName="Tuomikoski" authorityYear="1966" box="[838,1150,513,539]" class="Insecta" family="Mycetophilidae" genus="Myrosia" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="6" pageNumber="97" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97BC6371230FF8AFCA2AF278D845010" box="[838,930,514,539]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="97">Myrosia</emphasis>
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EF9E67D41230FF8AFC48AF248A585010" author="Tuomikoski, R." box="[940,1150,513,539]" pageId="6" pageNumber="97" pagination="159 - 194" refId="ref3958" refString="Tuomikoski, R. (1966) Generic taxonomy of the Exechiini (Diptera, Mycetophilidae). Annales Entomologici Fennici, 32, 159 - 194." type="journal article" year="1966">Tuomikoski, 1966</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0F61A61230FF8AFB5AAF278EF45034" authority="Lane, 1948" authorityName="Lane" authorityYear="1948" class="Insecta" family="Mycetophilidae" genus="Boraceomyia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="6" pageNumber="97" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97BC6371230FF8AFB5AAF278B755010" box="[1214,1363,514,539]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="97">Boraceomyia</emphasis>
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EF9E67D41230FF8AFAB9AF248EF45034" author="Lane, J." pageId="6" pageNumber="97" pagination="231 - 278" refId="ref3231" refString="Lane, J. (1948) Mycetophilidae de Boracea, Sao Paulo (Diptera, Mycetophilidae). Revista de Entomologia, 19, 231 - 278." type="journal article" year="1948">Lane, 1948</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
. These genera have the character states supporting the (extant
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0F61A61230FF8AFC78AF008A215034" authorityName="Edwards" authorityYear="1925" box="[924,1031,549,575]" class="Insecta" family="Mycetophilidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="6" pageNumber="97" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="tribe" tribe="Exechiini">Exechiini</taxonomicName>
|
||
+
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0F61A61230FF8AFBCDAF008AB85034" authority="Camier & Nel, 2020" authorityName="Camier & Nel" authorityYear="2020" box="[1065,1182,549,575]" class="Insecta" family="Mycetophilidae" genus="Eoexechia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="6" pageNumber="95" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus" status="gen. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97BC6371230FF8AFBCDAF008AB85034" box="[1065,1182,549,575]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="97">Eoexechia</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
) and the clade (extant
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0F61A61230FF8AFF73AF6C8F21506F" authorityName="Edwards" authorityYear="1925" box="[151,263,585,612]" class="Insecta" family="Mycetophilidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="6" pageNumber="97" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="tribe" tribe="Exechiini">Exechiini</taxonomicName>
|
||
), as discussed above (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EF9E67D41230FF8AFE18AF6D8D185068" author="Sevcik, J. & Kjaerandsen, J." box="[508,830,584,611]" pageId="6" pageNumber="97" pagination="117 - 127" refId="ref3658" refString="Sevcik, J. & Kjaerandsen, J. (2012) Brachyradia, a new genus of the tribe Exechiini (Diptera: Mycetophilidae) from the Oriental and Australasian regions. The Raffles Bulletin of Zoology, 60, 117 - 127." type="journal article" year="2012">Ševčík & Kjaerandsen, 2012</bibRefCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BB01A251230FF8AFF23AF488A9E5130" blockId="6.[151,1437,153,1331]" pageId="6" pageNumber="97">
|
||
The two molecular phylogenetic analyses of the
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0F61A61230FF8AFD04AF488D6D508C" authorityName="Edwards" authorityYear="1925" box="[736,843,621,647]" class="Insecta" family="Mycetophilidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="6" pageNumber="97" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="tribe" tribe="Exechiini">Exechiini</taxonomicName>
|
||
of
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EF9E67D41230FF8AFC8BAF488A60508C" author="Rindal, E. & Soli, G. E. E. & Kjaerandsen, J. & Bachmann, L." box="[879,1094,621,647]" pageId="6" pageNumber="97" pagination="327 - 335" refId="ref3593" refString="Rindal, E., Soli, G. E. E., Kjaerandsen, J. & Bachmann, L. (2007) Molecular phylogeny of the fungus gnat tribe Exechiini (Mycetophilidae, Diptera). Zoologica Scripta, 36, 327 - 335. https: // doi. org / 10.1111 / j. 1463 - 6409.2007.00285. x" type="journal article" year="2007">Rindal et al. (2007)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
and of
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EF9E67D41230FF8AFB7CAF488BBA508C" author="Burdikova, N. & Kjaerandsen, J. & Lindemann, J. P. & Kasprak, D. & Tothova, A. & Sevcik, J." box="[1176,1436,621,647]" pageId="6" pageNumber="97" refId="ref2884" refString="Burdikova, N., Kjaerandsen, J., Lindemann, J. P., Kasprak, D., Tothova, A. & Sevcik, J. (2019) Molecular phylogeny of the Paleogene fungus gnat tribe Exechiini (Diptera: Mycetophilidae) revisited: monophyly of genera established and rapid radiation confirmed. Journal of Zoological Systematics and Evolutionary Research. [published online] https: // doi. org / 10.1111 / jzs. 12287" type="book" year="2019">
|
||
Burdíková
|
||
<emphasis id="B97BC6371230FF8AFAF0AF4B8B6A508C" box="[1300,1356,621,647]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="97">et al.</emphasis>
|
||
(2019)
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
gave phylogenetic hypotheses quite different from that of
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EF9E67D41230FF8AFCD1AFB48A0B50A7" author="Rindal, E. & Soli, G. E. E." box="[821,1069,657,684]" pageId="6" pageNumber="97" pagination="43 - 59" refId="ref3543" refString="Rindal, E. & Soli, G. E. E. (2006) Phylogeny of the subfamily Mycetophilinae (Diptera: Mycetophilidae). Zootaxa, 1302 (1), 43 - 59. https: // doi. org / 10.11646 / zootaxa. 1302.1.4" type="journal article" year="2006">Rindal & Søli (2006)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
. The phylogeny of
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EF9E67D41230FF8AFAEBAFB48EC450C4" author="Rindal, E. & Soli, G. E. E. & Kjaerandsen, J. & Bachmann, L." pageId="6" pageNumber="97" pagination="327 - 335" refId="ref3593" refString="Rindal, E., Soli, G. E. E., Kjaerandsen, J. & Bachmann, L. (2007) Molecular phylogeny of the fungus gnat tribe Exechiini (Mycetophilidae, Diptera). Zoologica Scripta, 36, 327 - 335. https: // doi. org / 10.1111 / j. 1463 - 6409.2007.00285. x" type="journal article" year="2007">Rindal et al. (2007)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
is hardly comparable to that of
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EF9E67D41230FF8AFDACAF908D1050DB" author="Rindal, E. & Soli, G. E. E." box="[584,822,693,720]" pageId="6" pageNumber="97" pagination="43 - 59" refId="ref3543" refString="Rindal, E. & Soli, G. E. E. (2006) Phylogeny of the subfamily Mycetophilinae (Diptera: Mycetophilidae). Zootaxa, 1302 (1), 43 - 59. https: // doi. org / 10.11646 / zootaxa. 1302.1.4" type="journal article" year="2006">Rindal & Søli (2006)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
because
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0F61A61230FF8AFC79AF908A1150C4" authorityName="Tuomikoski" authorityYear="1966" box="[925,1079,693,719]" class="Insecta" family="Mycetophilidae" genus="Pseudexechia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="6" pageNumber="97" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97BC6371230FF8AFC79AF908A1150C4" box="[925,1079,693,719]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="97">Pseudexechia</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
is not included in it, while
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0F61A61230FF8AFA8EAF908EFD50F8" authorityName="Skuse" authorityYear="1890" class="Insecta" family="Mycetophilidae" genus="Synplasta" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="6" pageNumber="97" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97BC6371230FF8AFA8EAF908EFD50F8" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="97">Synplasta</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
is added.
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EF9E67D41230FF8AFEA9AFFC8C7350F8" author="Burdikova, N. & Kjaerandsen, J. & Lindemann, J. P. & Kasprak, D. & Tothova, A. & Sevcik, J." box="[333,597,729,755]" pageId="6" pageNumber="97" refId="ref2884" refString="Burdikova, N., Kjaerandsen, J., Lindemann, J. P., Kasprak, D., Tothova, A. & Sevcik, J. (2019) Molecular phylogeny of the Paleogene fungus gnat tribe Exechiini (Diptera: Mycetophilidae) revisited: monophyly of genera established and rapid radiation confirmed. Journal of Zoological Systematics and Evolutionary Research. [published online] https: // doi. org / 10.1111 / jzs. 12287" type="book" year="2019">
|
||
Burdíková
|
||
<emphasis id="B97BC6371230FF8AFE2FAFFF8C2550F8" box="[459,515,729,755]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="97">et al.</emphasis>
|
||
(2019)
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
obtained very different results through a maximum likelihood and a Bayesian analyses. The different conclusions in all these papers confirm the difficulties in establishing the relationships in this tribe. Unfortunately, it is not possible to include
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0F61A61230FF8AFCE6AE048D515130" authority="Camier & Nel, 2020" authorityName="Camier & Nel" authorityYear="2020" box="[770,887,801,827]" class="Insecta" family="Mycetophilidae" genus="Eoexechia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="6" pageNumber="95" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus" status="gen. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97BC6371230FF8AFCE6AE048D515130" box="[770,887,801,827]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="97">Eoexechia</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
in these molecular analyses.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BB01A251230FF8AFF23AE608DB7563C" blockId="6.[151,1437,153,1331]" pageId="6" pageNumber="97">
|
||
If we compare
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0F61A61230FF8AFE91AE608FCC5154" authority="Camier & Nel, 2020" authorityName="Camier & Nel" authorityYear="2020" box="[373,490,837,863]" class="Insecta" family="Mycetophilidae" genus="Eoexechia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="6" pageNumber="95" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus" status="gen. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97BC6371230FF8AFE91AE608FCC5154" box="[373,490,837,863]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="97">Eoexechia</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
with the other genera of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0F61A61230FF8AFCE9AE608D5D5154" authorityName="Edwards" authorityYear="1925" box="[781,891,837,863]" class="Insecta" family="Mycetophilidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="6" pageNumber="97" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="tribe" tribe="Exechiini">Exechiini</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0F61A61230FF8AFC6CAE608B245154" authority="Edwards, 1932" authorityName="Edwards" authorityYear="1932" box="[904,1282,837,863]" class="Insecta" family="Mycetophilidae" genus="Neallodia" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="6" pageNumber="97" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="flavida">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97BC6371230FF8AFC6CAE608A6B5154" box="[904,1101,837,863]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="97">Neallodia flavida</emphasis>
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EF9E67D41230FF8AFBB1AE608B245154" author="Edwards, F. W." box="[1109,1282,837,863]" pageId="6" pageNumber="97" pagination="138 - 149" refId="ref3023" refString="Edwards, F. W. (1932) New Brazilian Mycetophilidae (Diptera). Revista de Entomologia, 2, 138 - 149." type="journal article" year="1932">Edwards, 1932</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0F61A61230FF8AFAEBAE608BBB5154" authorityName="Sevcik & Kjaerandsen" authorityYear="2012" box="[1295,1437,837,863]" class="Insecta" family="Mycetophilidae" genus="Brachyradia" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="6" pageNumber="97" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97BC6371230FF8AFAEBAE608BBB5154" box="[1295,1437,837,863]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="97">Brachyradia</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0F61A61230FF8AFF23AE4C8FFD5188" authority="Winnertz, 1863" authorityName="Winnertz" authorityYear="1863" box="[199,475,873,899]" class="Insecta" family="Mycetophilidae" genus="Anatella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="6" pageNumber="97" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97BC6371230FF8AFF23AE4C8F005188" box="[199,294,873,899]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="97">Anatella</emphasis>
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EF9E67D41230FF8AFEC9AE4C8FFD5188" author="Winnertz, J." box="[301,475,873,899]" pageId="6" pageNumber="97" pagination="637 - 964" refId="ref3986" refString="Winnertz, J. (1863) Beitrag zu einer Monographie der Pilzmucken. Verhandlungen der Kaiserlich-Koniglichen Zoologisch- Botanischen Gesellschaft in Wien, 13, 637 - 964. https: // doi. org / 10.5962 / bhl. title. 9961" type="journal article" year="1863">Winnertz, 1863</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
are the only extant taxa with the costal vein distinctly produced beyond the tip of R5 as in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0F61A61230FF8AFF36AEA88F6151AC" authority="Camier & Nel, 2020" authorityName="Camier & Nel" authorityYear="2020" box="[210,327,909,935]" class="Insecta" family="Mycetophilidae" genus="Eoexechia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="6" pageNumber="95" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus" status="gen. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97BC6371230FF8AFF36AEA88F6151AC" box="[210,327,909,935]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="97">Eoexechia</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
.
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0F61A61230FF8AFEB0AEA88C3151AC" authorityName="Edwards" authorityYear="1932" box="[340,535,909,935]" class="Insecta" family="Mycetophilidae" genus="Neallodia" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="6" pageNumber="97" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="flavida">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97BC6371230FF8AFEB0AEA88C3151AC" box="[340,535,909,935]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="97">Neallodia flavida</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
has the antennal flagellomeres twice as broad as long, while they are as broad as long in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0F61A61230FF8AFF0EAE948F7951C0" authority="Camier & Nel, 2020" authorityName="Camier & Nel" authorityYear="2020" box="[234,351,945,971]" class="Insecta" family="Mycetophilidae" genus="Eoexechia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="6" pageNumber="95" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus" status="gen. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97BC6371230FF8AFF0EAE948F7951C0" box="[234,351,945,971]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="97">Eoexechia</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0F61A61230FF8AFE76AE948C0651C0" authorityName="Sevcik & Kjaerandsen" authorityYear="2012" box="[402,544,945,971]" class="Insecta" family="Mycetophilidae" genus="Brachyradia" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="6" pageNumber="97" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97BC6371230FF8AFE76AE948C0651C0" box="[402,544,945,971]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="97">Brachyradia</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
.
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0F61A61230FF8AFDC8AE948C8751C0" authority="Camier & Nel, 2020" authorityName="Camier & Nel" authorityYear="2020" box="[556,673,945,971]" class="Insecta" family="Mycetophilidae" genus="Eoexechia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="6" pageNumber="95" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus" status="gen. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97BC6371230FF8AFDC8AE948C8751C0" box="[556,673,945,971]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="97">Eoexechia</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
differs from
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0F61A61230FF8AFCD5AE948DAA51C0" authorityName="Meigen" authorityYear="1803" box="[817,908,945,971]" class="Insecta" family="Mycetophilidae" genus="Cordyla" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="6" pageNumber="97" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97BC6371230FF8AFCD5AE948DAA51C0" box="[817,908,945,971]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="97">Cordyla</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
in the very long antennae. All
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0F61A61230FF8AFB3FAE948B6F51C0" authorityName="Edwards" authorityYear="1925" box="[1243,1353,945,971]" class="Insecta" family="Mycetophilidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="6" pageNumber="97" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="tribe" tribe="Exechiini">Exechiini</taxonomicName>
|
||
, except
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0F61A61230FF8AFF73AEF08FF751E4" authority="Winnertz, 1863" authorityName="Winnertz" authorityYear="1863" box="[151,465,981,1007]" class="Insecta" family="Mycetophilidae" genus="Brachypeza" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="6" pageNumber="97" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97BC6371230FF8AFF73AEF08F3D51E4" box="[151,283,981,1007]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="97">Brachypeza</emphasis>
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EF9E67D41230FF8AFEC6AEF08FF751E4" author="Winnertz, J." box="[290,465,981,1007]" pageId="6" pageNumber="97" pagination="637 - 964" refId="ref3986" refString="Winnertz, J. (1863) Beitrag zu einer Monographie der Pilzmucken. Verhandlungen der Kaiserlich-Koniglichen Zoologisch- Botanischen Gesellschaft in Wien, 13, 637 - 964. https: // doi. org / 10.5962 / bhl. title. 9961" type="journal article" year="1863">Winnertz, 1863</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, differ from
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0F61A61230FF8AFDBFAEF08CF651E4" authority="Camier & Nel, 2020" authorityName="Camier & Nel" authorityYear="2020" box="[603,720,981,1007]" class="Insecta" family="Mycetophilidae" genus="Eoexechia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="6" pageNumber="95" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus" status="gen. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97BC6371230FF8AFDBFAEF08CF651E4" box="[603,720,981,1007]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="97">Eoexechia</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
in the very short ScP, nearly as long as h vein (twice as long as h in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0F61A61230FF8AFF57AEDC8F0E5618" authority="Camier & Nel, 2020" authorityName="Camier & Nel" authorityYear="2020" box="[179,296,1017,1043]" class="Insecta" family="Mycetophilidae" genus="Eoexechia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="6" pageNumber="95" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus" status="gen. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97BC6371230FF8AFF57AEDC8F0E5618" box="[179,296,1017,1043]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="97">Eoexechia</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
); all
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0F61A61230FF8AFE85AEDC8FE95618" authorityName="Edwards" authorityYear="1925" box="[353,463,1017,1043]" class="Insecta" family="Mycetophilidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="6" pageNumber="97" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="tribe" tribe="Exechiini">Exechiini</taxonomicName>
|
||
, except
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0F61A61230FF8AFDCDAEDC8C915618" authorityName="Sevcik & Kjaerandsen" authorityYear="2012" box="[553,695,1017,1043]" class="Insecta" family="Mycetophilidae" genus="Brachyradia" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="6" pageNumber="97" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97BC6371230FF8AFDCDAEDC8C915618" box="[553,695,1017,1043]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="97">Brachyradia</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0F61A61230FF8AFD0FAEDC8D495618" authorityName="Winnertz" authorityYear="1863" box="[747,879,1017,1043]" class="Insecta" family="Mycetophilidae" genus="Brachypeza" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="6" pageNumber="97" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97BC6371230FF8AFD0FAEDC8D495618" box="[747,879,1017,1043]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="97">Brachypeza</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, have the vein R1 much longer than in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0F61A61230FF8AFAC5AEDC8BB05618" authority="Camier & Nel, 2020" authorityName="Camier & Nel" authorityYear="2020" box="[1313,1430,1017,1043]" class="Insecta" family="Mycetophilidae" genus="Eoexechia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="6" pageNumber="95" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus" status="gen. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97BC6371230FF8AFAC5AEDC8BB05618" box="[1313,1430,1017,1043]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="97">Eoexechia</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
.
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0F61A61230FF8AFF73A9388F03563C" authorityName="Sevcik & Kjaerandsen" authorityYear="2012" box="[151,293,1053,1079]" class="Insecta" family="Mycetophilidae" genus="Brachyradia" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="6" pageNumber="97" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97BC6371230FF8AFF73A9388F03563C" box="[151,293,1053,1079]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="97">Brachyradia</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0F61A61230FF8AFEBFA9388FEF563C" authorityName="Edwards" authorityYear="1932" box="[347,457,1053,1079]" class="Insecta" family="Mycetophilidae" genus="Neallodia" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="6" pageNumber="97" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97BC6371230FF8AFEBFA9388FEF563C" box="[347,457,1053,1079]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="97">Neallodia</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
have a shortened M2, unlike
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0F61A61230FF8AFCF2A9388DAD563C" authority="Camier & Nel, 2020" authorityName="Camier & Nel" authorityYear="2020" box="[790,907,1053,1079]" class="Insecta" family="Mycetophilidae" genus="Eoexechia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="6" pageNumber="95" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus" status="gen. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97BC6371230FF8AFCF2A9388DAD563C" box="[790,907,1053,1079]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="97">Eoexechia</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C31549AE1230FF8AFF23A9648DA35738" pageId="6" pageNumber="97" type="discussion">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BB01A251230FF8AFF23A9648D6656CC" blockId="6.[151,1437,153,1331]" pageId="6" pageNumber="97">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97BC6371230FF8AFF23A9648F165650" bold="true" box="[199,304,1089,1115]" pageId="6" pageNumber="97">Remark.</emphasis>
|
||
The internet site Fossilworks Gateway to the Paleobiology Database (http://fossilworks.org/) cites the three Miocene genera
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0F61A61230FF8AFE72A9408CCE5674" authority="Armbruster, 1938" authorityName="Armbruster" authorityYear="1938" box="[406,744,1125,1151]" class="Insecta" family="Mycetophilidae" genus="Prophronia" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="6" pageNumber="97" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97BC6371230FF8AFE72A9408C315674" box="[406,535,1125,1151]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="97">Prophronia</emphasis>
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EF9E67D41230FF8AFDFAA9408CCE5674" author="Armbruster, L." box="[542,744,1125,1151]" pageId="6" pageNumber="97" pagination="1 - 48" refId="ref2790" refString="Armbruster, L. (1938) Versteinerte Honigbienen aus dem obermiocanen Randecker Maar. Archiv fur Bienenkunde, Berlin, 19, 1 - 48 + 73 - 93 + 97 - 133." type="journal article" year="1938">Armbruster, 1938</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0F61A61230FF8AFD11A9408A705674" authority="Armbruster, 1938" authorityName="Armbruster" authorityYear="1938" box="[757,1110,1125,1151]" class="Insecta" family="Mycetophilidae" genus="Protrichonta" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="6" pageNumber="97" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97BC6371230FF8AFD11A9408DA35674" box="[757,901,1125,1151]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="97">Protrichonta</emphasis>
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EF9E67D41230FF8AFC68A9408A705674" author="Armbruster, L." box="[908,1110,1125,1151]" pageId="6" pageNumber="97" pagination="1 - 48" refId="ref2790" refString="Armbruster, L. (1938) Versteinerte Honigbienen aus dem obermiocanen Randecker Maar. Archiv fur Bienenkunde, Berlin, 19, 1 - 48 + 73 - 93 + 97 - 133." type="journal article" year="1938">Armbruster, 1938</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, and
|
||
<emphasis id="B97BC6371230FF8AFB70A9438B285674" box="[1172,1294,1126,1151]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="97">Proepicyta</emphasis>
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EF9E67D41230FF8AFAF1A9408EE956A8" author="Armbruster, L." pageId="6" pageNumber="97" pagination="1 - 48" refId="ref2790" refString="Armbruster, L. (1938) Versteinerte Honigbienen aus dem obermiocanen Randecker Maar. Archiv fur Bienenkunde, Berlin, 19, 1 - 48 + 73 - 93 + 97 - 133." type="journal article" year="1938">Armbruster, 1938</bibRefCitation>
|
||
as ‘sister taxa’ of the tribe
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0F61A61230FF8AFDE5A9AC8C5656A8" authorityName="Edwards" authorityYear="1925" box="[513,624,1161,1187]" class="Insecta" family="Mycetophilidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="6" pageNumber="97" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="tribe" tribe="Exechiini">Exechiini</taxonomicName>
|
||
. These taxa need to be revised because the original descriptions of these compression fossils are very incomplete (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EF9E67D41230FF8AFD83A9888D1556CC" author="Armbruster, L." box="[615,819,1197,1223]" pageId="6" pageNumber="97" pagination="1 - 48" refId="ref2790" refString="Armbruster, L. (1938) Versteinerte Honigbienen aus dem obermiocanen Randecker Maar. Archiv fur Bienenkunde, Berlin, 19, 1 - 48 + 73 - 93 + 97 - 133." type="journal article" year="1938">Armbruster, 1938</bibRefCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BB01A251230FF8AFF23A9F48DA35738" blockId="6.[151,1437,153,1331]" pageId="6" pageNumber="97">
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EF9E67D41230FF8AFF23A9F48FBC56E0" author="Blagoderov, V. A." box="[199,410,1233,1259]" pageId="6" pageNumber="97" pagination="3" refId="ref2825" refString="Blagoderov, V. A. (2000) New fungus gnats (Diptera: Mycetophilidae) from the Cretaceous and Paleogene of Asia. Paleontological Journal, 34 (Supplement 3), S 355 - S 359. https: // doi. org / 10.1016 / S 0016 - 6995 (01) 80045 - 0" type="journal article" year="2000">Blagoderov (2000)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
described the fossil genus and species
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0F61A61230FF8AFCA2A9F48A6456E0" authorityName="Blagoderov" authorityYear="2000" box="[838,1090,1233,1259]" class="Insecta" family="Mycetophilidae" genus="Exechiites" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="6" pageNumber="97" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="tadushensis">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97BC6371230FF8AFCA2A9F48A6456E0" box="[838,1090,1233,1259]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="97">Exechiites tadushensis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
from the Paleocene of the
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F3185AB51230FF8AFA83A9F48F605704" name="Russia" pageId="6" pageNumber="97">Russian Federation</collectingCountry>
|
||
, on the basis of an incomplete wing. He attributed this fossil to the subfamily
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0F61A61230FF8AFB42A9D08B705704" authorityName="Newman" authorityYear="1834" box="[1190,1366,1269,1295]" class="Insecta" family="Mycetophilidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="6" pageNumber="97" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subFamily" subFamily="Mycetophilinae">Mycetophilinae</taxonomicName>
|
||
but to no precise tribe. The wing venation resembles that of an
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0F61A61230FF8AFCF6A83C8DA75738" authorityName="Edwards" authorityYear="1925" box="[786,897,1305,1331]" class="Insecta" family="Mycetophilidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="6" pageNumber="97" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="tribe" tribe="Exechiini">Exechiini</taxonomicName>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |