512 lines
59 KiB
XML
512 lines
59 KiB
XML
<document id="EEA8B65A1031E173F5C51B86D2C1F029" ID-DOI="10.5281/zenodo.205926" ID-GBIF-Dataset="6a00f3db-b689-4784-91ee-b9c9b6aebc5d" ID-ISSN="1175-5326" ID-Zenodo-Dep="205926" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1460277224109" checkinUser="plazi" docAuthor="Niitsuma, Hiromi, Suzuki, Risa & Kato, Hideaki" docDate="2011" docId="03A68259FFD50F04AB8FFCB8040CF9E3" docLanguage="en" docName="zt02821p018.pdf" docOrigin="Zootaxa 2821" docStyle="DocumentStyle:890A69B780ED73D6DB8551B71C8AC79E.4:Zootaxa.2009-2012.journal_article" docStyleId="890A69B780ED73D6DB8551B71C8AC79E" docStyleName="Zootaxa.2009-2012.journal_article" docStyleVersion="4" docTitle="Paramerina okigenga Sasa" docType="treatment" docVersion="14" lastPageNumber="11" masterDocId="FF9FFA21FFD30F0EAB18FFDF0141FFF0" masterDocTitle="Review of the Japanese species of Paramerina (Diptera: Chironomidae: Tanypodinae), with a key to the known males" masterLastPageNumber="18" masterPageNumber="1" pageNumber="7" updateTime="1698248667186" updateUser="plazi">
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<mods:mods id="94D75A0F31AEA311F9BA7FA522C0D82D" xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
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<mods:titleInfo id="1102560E23B97C4B2005DB98E8DB395B">
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<mods:title id="F8DF0520E11714D8182822A796B42E91">Review of the Japanese species of Paramerina (Diptera: Chironomidae: Tanypodinae), with a key to the known males</mods:title>
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</mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:name id="6FEDCC14FCEEDEFE5CD96F9F26C7B4C2" type="personal">
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<mods:roleTerm id="4D289E9124E135F00CBB02CA18DCC617">Author</mods:roleTerm>
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<mods:namePart id="2B6D1956B9C396C16BAD56F328308AB7">Niitsuma, Hiromi</mods:namePart>
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<mods:name id="9A4D4A5E256E198FADE867A2A72F4CC6" type="personal">
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<mods:roleTerm id="A982D0F3389DEE3A14E56D20FAB5A13F">Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart id="6B339EFC48C872AFEB4CE585EB30DFB6">Suzuki, Risa</mods:namePart>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:name id="61E0C0828C7D2BF8941D45BAE7248AC4" type="personal">
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<mods:role id="8737AEBBE047B3A01388DCFD61D8D870">
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<mods:roleTerm id="8DA4B35666EB390C869A1601BFFF9265">Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart id="2101B66C44E6D0C9F6F69994967A8BBE">Kato, Hideaki</mods:namePart>
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<mods:typeOfResource id="5F3B9F6E0E4F58722AC093B2CDD5441A">text</mods:typeOfResource>
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<mods:title id="E83D83076C60C33AADDACE9C5FE8727F">Zootaxa</mods:title>
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</mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:part id="8C759D9E1F6C93DAEBB1FA727D00B5CF">
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<mods:date id="9381A4E8261BF7627D6AA2082164C56A">2011</mods:date>
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<mods:detail id="06BE4AA8B0AED2374C31980C3EEC003E" type="volume">
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<mods:number id="EE793BC4BF28C6106DA4B8146F33592B">2821</mods:number>
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<mods:classification id="280FECC21608D82076B56A227DB96B78">journal article</mods:classification>
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<mods:identifier id="908EE38A38DC5DDBFCCBFA3039B1A346" type="DOI">10.5281/zenodo.205926</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier id="5DA5090A43BADFDD517B0784AD66C8F1" type="ISSN">1175-5326</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier id="D9BB69DC96CEACE5355E2348234A69A6" type="Zenodo-Dep">205926</mods:identifier>
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<treatment id="03A68259FFD50F04AB8FFCB8040CF9E3" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6183863" ID-GBIF-Taxon="119396196" ID-Zenodo-Dep="6183863" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03A68259FFD50F04AB8FFCB8040CF9E3" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/03A68259FFD50F04AB8FFCB8040CF9E3" lastPageId="10" lastPageNumber="11" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">
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<subSubSection id="C31560C4FFD50F08AB8FFCB8000BFC54" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph id="8BB0334FFFD50F08AB8FFCB800A3FC70" blockId="6.[151,482,871,932]" box="[151,482,871,896]" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">
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<heading id="D0F88423FFD50F08AB8FFCB800A3FC70" bold="true" box="[151,482,871,896]" fontSize="10" level="2" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" reason="2">
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<taxonomicName id="4C0F48CCFFD50F08AB8FFCB800A3FC70" ID-CoL="9J2LY" authority="Sasa" authorityName="Sasa" box="[151,482,871,896]" class="Insecta" family="Chironomidae" genus="Paramerina" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="okigenga">
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<emphasis id="B97BEF5DFFD50F08AB8FFCB800A3FC70" bold="true" box="[151,482,871,896]" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">
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<emphasis id="B97BEF5DFFD50F08AB8FFCB800D0FC70" bold="true" box="[151,401,871,896]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">Paramerina okigenga</emphasis>
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(Sasa)
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</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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</heading>
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8BB0334FFFD50F08AB8FFC53000BFC54" blockId="6.[151,482,871,932]" box="[151,330,908,932]" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">
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(
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<figureCitation id="13342FCAFFD50F08AB86FC530054FC54" box="[158,277,908,932]" captionStart="FIGURES 15 – 18" captionStartId="7.[151,264,1552,1575]" captionTargetBox="[168,1424,426,1519]" captionTargetId="figure@7.[151,1436,409,1531]" captionTargetPageId="7" captionText="FIGURES 15 – 18. Paramerina okigenga (Sasa), male (15 – 17) and female (18). 15, Thorax, showing marking pattern, dorsal view; 16, wing; 17, hypopygium, dorsal view; 18, genitalia, ventral view." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/205928/files/figure.png" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">Figures 15</figureCitation>
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–28)
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C31560C4FFD50F08AB8FFC0B0211FB94" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" type="reference_group">
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<paragraph id="8BB0334FFFD50F08AB8FFC0B036EFC19" blockId="6.[151,922,980,1125]" box="[151,559,980,1002]" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">
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<treatmentCitationGroup id="AB1F1461FFD50F08AB8FFC0B036EFC19" box="[151,559,980,1002]" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">
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<taxonomicName id="4C0F48CCFFD50F08AB8FFC0B036AFC19" ID-CoL="92TVG" authority="Sasa, 1990: 141" authorityName="Sasa" authorityPageNumber="141" authorityYear="1990" box="[151,555,980,1002]" class="Insecta" family="Chironomidae" genus="Monopelopia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="okigenga">
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<emphasis id="B97BEF5DFFD50F08AB8FFC0B00C1FC1A" box="[151,384,980,1002]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">Monopelopia okigenga</emphasis>
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<treatmentCitation id="0AAE155EFFD50F08AA9FFC0B036AFC19" author="Sasa" box="[391,555,980,1001]" page="141" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" year="1990">
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<bibRefCitation id="EF9E4EBEFFD50F08AA9FFC0B00B9FC19" author="Sasa" box="[391,504,980,1001]" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" refString="Sasa, M. (1990) Studies on the chironomid midges (Diptera, Chironomidae) of the Nansei Islands, southern Japan. Japanese Journal of Experimental Medicine, 60, 111 - 165." type="journal article" year="1990">Sasa, 1990</bibRefCitation>
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: 141
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</treatmentCitation>
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</taxonomicName>
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.
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</treatmentCitationGroup>
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8BB0334FFFD50F08AB8FFC2D0211FB94" blockId="6.[151,922,980,1125]" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">
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<treatmentCitationGroup id="AB1F1461FFD50F08AB8FFC2D0211FB94" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">
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<taxonomicName id="4C0F48CCFFD50F08AB8FFC2D0304FBF8" ID-CoL="92SPC" authority="Sasa, 1990: 138" authorityName="Sasa" authorityPageNumber="138" authorityYear="1990" box="[151,581,1010,1032]" class="Insecta" family="Chironomidae" genus="Krenopelopia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="amaminova">
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<emphasis id="B97BEF5DFFD50F08AB8FFC2D00DCFBF8" box="[151,413,1010,1032]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">Krenopelopia amaminova</emphasis>
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<treatmentCitation id="0AAE155EFFD50F08AABCFC2C0304FBF8" author="Sasa" box="[420,581,1011,1032]" page="138" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" year="1990">
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<bibRefCitation id="EF9E4EBEFFD50F08AABCFC2C0357FBF8" author="Sasa" box="[420,534,1011,1032]" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" refString="Sasa, M. (1990) Studies on the chironomid midges (Diptera, Chironomidae) of the Nansei Islands, southern Japan. Japanese Journal of Experimental Medicine, 60, 111 - 165." type="journal article" year="1990">Sasa, 1990</bibRefCitation>
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: 138
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</treatmentCitation>
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||
</taxonomicName>
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<emphasis id="B97BEF5DFFD50F08A953FC2C03CEFBF8" box="[587,655,1011,1032]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">partim</emphasis>
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(male
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<typeStatus id="54B48DEDFFD50F08A9CDFC2C027AFBF8" box="[725,827,1011,1032]" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" type="paratype">paratypes</typeStatus>
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).
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<taxonomicName id="4C0F48CCFFD50F08AB8FFBCD0389FBD7" ID-CoL="9HMWD" authority="Sasa et Okazawa, 1992a: 64" authorityName="Sasa et Okazawa" authorityPageNumber="64" authorityYear="1992" box="[151,712,1041,1063]" class="Insecta" family="Chironomidae" genus="Paramerina" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="kurobekogata">
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<emphasis id="B97BEF5DFFD50F08AB8FFBCD00E0FBD7" box="[151,417,1041,1063]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">Paramerina kurobekogata</emphasis>
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<treatmentCitation id="0AAE155EFFD50F08AAB0FBCD0389FBD7" author="Sasa" box="[424,712,1041,1063]" page="64" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" year="1992">
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<bibRefCitation id="EF9E4EBEFFD50F08AAB0FBCD03E3FBD7" author="Sasa" box="[424,674,1041,1063]" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" refString="Sasa, M. & Okazawa, T. (1992 a) Studies on the chironomid midges (yusurika) of Kurobe River. In: Some Characteristics of Nature Conservation within the Chief Rivers in Toyama Prefecture (The Upper Reach of Kurobe River). Toyama Prefectural Environmental Pollution Research Center, Kosugi, pp. 40 - 91." type="book chapter" year="1992" yearSuffix="a">
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Sasa
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<emphasis id="B97BEF5DFFD50F08AAC5FBCD00AEFBD7" box="[477,495,1042,1063]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">et</emphasis>
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Okazawa, 1992a
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</bibRefCitation>
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: 64
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</treatmentCitation>
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</taxonomicName>
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. Syn. n.
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<taxonomicName id="4C0F48CCFFD50F08AB8FFBEE00C6FBB6" ID-CoL="9J2LX" box="[151,391,1073,1094]" class="Insecta" family="Chironomidae" genus="Paramerina" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="yunouresia">
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<emphasis id="B97BEF5DFFD50F08AB8FFBEE00C6FBB6" box="[151,391,1073,1094]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">Paramerina yunouresia</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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[
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<emphasis id="B97BEF5DFFD50F08AA8EFBEE00F8FBB6" box="[406,441,1073,1094]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">nec</emphasis>
|
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<bibRefCitation id="EF9E4EBEFFD50F08AAA7FBEF0373FBB6" author="Sasa" box="[447,562,1072,1094]" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" refString="Sasa, M. (1989) Chironomidae of Japan: Checklist of species recorded, key to males and taxonomic notes. Part 3. Taxonomic notes on some Japanese Chironomidae. Research Report from the National Institute for Environmental Studies, 125, 147 - 158." type="journal article" year="1989">Sasa, 1989</bibRefCitation>
|
||
]:
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<treatmentCitation id="0AAE155EFFD50F08A95AFBEF0258FBB6" author="Niitsuma" box="[578,793,1072,1094]" page="1053" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" year="2005">
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EF9E4EBEFFD50F08A95AFBEF039DFBB6" author="Niitsuma" box="[578,732,1072,1094]" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" refString="Niitsuma, H. (2005) Tanypodinae. In: Kawai, T. & Tanida, K. (Eds) Aquatic Insects of Japan: Manual with Keys and Illustrations. Tokai University Press, Hadano, pp. 1044 - 1059 (in Japanese)." type="book chapter" year="2005">Niitsuma 2005</bibRefCitation>
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||
: 1053
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</treatmentCitation>
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||
fig. 16, 1–5.
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<taxonomicName id="4C0F48CCFFD50F08AB8FFB8F0006FB95" box="[151,327,1103,1125]" class="Insecta" family="Chironomidae" genus="Paramerina" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="divis">
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<emphasis id="B97BEF5DFFD50F08AB8FFB8F0006FB95" box="[151,327,1103,1125]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">Paramerina divis</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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a [
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<emphasis id="B97BEF5DFFD50F08AA79FB8F00C5FB95" box="[353,388,1104,1125]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">nec</emphasis>
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<bibRefCitation id="EF9E4EBEFFD50F08AA93FB910356FB94" author="Walker" box="[395,535,1102,1124]" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" refString="Walker, F. (1856) Insecta Britannica, Diptera. Volume 3. Lovell & Reeve, London, pp. 1 - 352." type="book" year="1856">Walker, 1856</bibRefCitation>
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]:
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<treatmentCitation id="0AAE155EFFD50F08A93FFB91020DFB94" author="Kobayashi" box="[551,844,1102,1124]" page="52" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" year="2008">
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||
<bibRefCitation id="EF9E4EBEFFD50F08A93FFB910267FB94" author="Kobayashi" box="[551,806,1102,1124]" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" refString="Kobayashi, T. & Endo, K. (2008) Synonymic notes on some species of Chironomidae (Diptera) described by Dr. M. Sasa. Zootaxa, 1712, 49 - 64." type="journal article" year="2008">Kobayashi & Endo 2008</bibRefCitation>
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||
: 52
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</treatmentCitation>
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||
.
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||
</treatmentCitationGroup>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
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||
<subSubSection id="C31560C4FFD50F09AB8FFB4E02EBFF24" lastPageId="7" lastPageNumber="8" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" type="materials_examined">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BB0334FFFD50F09AB8FFB4E02EBFF24" blockId="6.[151,1437,1169,2021]" lastBlockId="7.[151,1436,151,357]" lastPageId="7" lastPageNumber="8" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97BEF5DFFD50F08AB8FFB4E00C5FB5A" bold="true" box="[151,388,1169,1194]" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">Material examined.</emphasis>
|
||
<typeStatus id="54B48DEDFFD50F08AA96FB4E00B7FB59" box="[398,502,1169,1193]" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" type="holotype">Holotype</typeStatus>
|
||
of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0F48CCFFD50F08A93BFB4E0268FB59" box="[547,809,1169,1193]" class="Insecta" family="Chironomidae" genus="Monopelopia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="okigenga">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97BEF5DFFD50F08A93BFB4E0268FB59" box="[547,809,1169,1193]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">Monopelopia okigenga</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
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||
: male (
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||
<collectionCode id="ED1EAB8AFFD50F08A89DFB4E0298FB59" box="[901,985,1169,1193]" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/f678-ci92" name="National Science Museum (Natural History)" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">NSMT</collectionCode>
|
||
), labeled “No. 174: 94”,
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||
<collectingCountry id="F31873DFFFD50F08AE19FB4D041BFB5A" box="[1281,1370,1170,1194]" name="Japan" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">JAPAN</collectingCountry>
|
||
: Okinawa, Okinawa Island, Genga River,
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||
<date id="FFB1158FFFD50F08A924FB6A03F2FB3D" box="[572,691,1205,1229]" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" value="1988-11-27">27.xi.1988</date>
|
||
(adult emerged
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||
<date id="FFB1158FFFD50F08A873FB6A02A0FB3D" box="[875,993,1205,1229]" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" value="1989-02-20">20.ii.1989</date>
|
||
).
|
||
<typeStatus id="54B48DEDFFD50F08A8ECFB690517FB3E" box="[1012,1110,1206,1230]" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" type="paratype">Paratype</typeStatus>
|
||
of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0F48CCFFD50F08AF64FB6A043EFB3D" box="[1148,1407,1205,1229]" class="Insecta" family="Chironomidae" genus="Monopelopia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="okigenga">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97BEF5DFFD50F08AF64FB6A043EFB3D" box="[1148,1407,1205,1229]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">Monopelopia okigenga</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
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||
:
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||
<specimenCount id="9D09F8C6FFD50F08AE96FB6A01A2FB01" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" type="female">1 female</specimenCount>
|
||
(
|
||
<collectionCode id="ED1EAB8AFFD50F08ABECFB060006FB01" box="[244,327,1241,1265]" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/f678-ci92" name="National Science Museum (Natural History)" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">NSMT</collectionCode>
|
||
), labeled “No. 174: 95”, same data as
|
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<typeStatus id="54B48DEDFFD50F08A81DFB06022AFB01" box="[773,875,1241,1265]" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
|
||
.
|
||
<typeStatus id="54B48DEDFFD50F08A86FFB0502A5FB02" box="[887,996,1242,1266]" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" type="paratype">Paratypes</typeStatus>
|
||
of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0F48CCFFD50F08AF15FB060472FB01" box="[1037,1331,1241,1265]" class="Insecta" family="Chironomidae" genus="Krenopelopia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="amaminova">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97BEF5DFFD50F08AF15FB060472FB01" box="[1037,1331,1241,1265]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">Krenopelopia amaminova</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
:
|
||
<specimenCount id="9D09F8C6FFD50F08AE5BFB0604DDFB01" box="[1347,1436,1241,1265]" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" type="male">2 males</specimenCount>
|
||
(
|
||
<collectionCode id="ED1EAB8AFFD50F08AB87FB2201B3FAE5" box="[159,242,1277,1301]" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/f678-ci92" name="National Science Museum (Natural History)" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">NSMT</collectionCode>
|
||
), labeled respectively, “No. 179: 64” and “No. 179: 66”,
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F31873DFFFD50F08A893FB2102A5FAE6" box="[907,996,1278,1302]" name="Japan" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">JAPAN</collectingCountry>
|
||
: Kagoshima, Amami Island, Yakkachi River,
|
||
<date id="FFB1158FFFD50F08ABFCFAFE0014FAC9" box="[228,341,1313,1337]" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" value="1989-05-18">18.v.1989</date>
|
||
.
|
||
<typeStatus id="54B48DEDFFD50F08AA7BFAFE008AFAC9" box="[355,459,1313,1337]" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" type="holotype">Holotype</typeStatus>
|
||
of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0F48CCFFD50F08AAECFAFD025FFAC9" box="[500,798,1313,1337]" class="Insecta" family="Chironomidae" genus="Paramerina" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="kurobekogata">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97BEF5DFFD50F08AAECFAFD025FFAC9" box="[500,798,1313,1337]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">Paramerina kurobekogata</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
: male (
|
||
<collectionCode id="ED1EAB8AFFD50F08A86EFAFE0288FAC9" box="[886,969,1313,1337]" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/f678-ci92" name="National Science Museum (Natural History)" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">NSMT</collectionCode>
|
||
), labeled “
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0F48CCFFD50F08AF5DFAFD0431FAC9" box="[1093,1392,1313,1337]" class="Insecta" family="Chironomidae" genus="Paramerina" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="kurobeminuta">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97BEF5DFFD50F08AF5DFAFD0431FAC9" box="[1093,1392,1313,1337]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">Paramerina kurobeminuta</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
K6 233, 96”,
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F31873DFFFD50F08AA1FFA990021FAAE" box="[263,352,1350,1374]" name="Japan" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">JAPAN</collectingCountry>
|
||
: Toyama, Unazuki, Kurobe River,
|
||
<date id="FFB1158FFFD50F08A9F3FA9A0237FAAD" box="[747,886,1349,1373]" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" value="1991-08-22">22.viii.1991</date>
|
||
. Non-types.
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F31873DFFFD50F08AF1CFA99051CFAAE" box="[1028,1117,1350,1374]" name="Japan" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">JAPAN</collectingCountry>
|
||
: Fukushima, Hirono, Asami River,
|
||
<specimenCount id="9D09F8C6FFD50F08ABFBFAB6006EFA71" box="[227,303,1385,1409]" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" type="pupa">1 pupa</specimenCount>
|
||
with larval exuviae (SUM-IC-T0308),
|
||
<date id="FFB1158FFFD50F08A9F7FAB6022BFA71" box="[751,874,1385,1409]" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" value="2004-09-28">28.ix.2004</date>
|
||
; Fukushima, Iwaki, Yaguki, small stream, 1 larva (SUM-IC-T0309),
|
||
<date id="FFB1158FFFD50F08AA74FA52008AFA55" box="[364,459,1421,1445]" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" value="1997-01-03">3.i.1997</date>
|
||
;
|
||
<specimenCount id="9D09F8C6FFD50F08AACEFA520360FA55" box="[470,545,1421,1445]" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" type="pupa">1 pupa</specimenCount>
|
||
with larval exuviae (SUM-IC-T0310), as previous except
|
||
<date id="FFB1158FFFD50F08AFA8FA52047BFA55" box="[1200,1338,1421,1445]" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" value="2002-08-15">15.viii.2002</date>
|
||
;
|
||
<specimenCount id="9D09F8C6FFD50F08AE5EFA5204DAFA55" box="[1350,1435,1421,1445]" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" type="male">3 males</specimenCount>
|
||
with 3 pupal and 3 larval exuviae (SUM-IC-T0311–0313), as previous except
|
||
<date id="FFB1158FFFD50F08AF20FA6E05D2FA39" box="[1080,1171,1457,1481]" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" value="2008-01-01">1.i.2008</date>
|
||
(adults emerged
|
||
<date id="FFB1158FFFD50F08AE7BFA6E01BCFA1D" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" value="2008-01-26" valueMax="2008-02-01" valueMin="2008-01-26">26.i– 1.ii.2008</date>
|
||
);
|
||
<specimenCount id="9D09F8C6FFD50F08AA0AFA0A0029FA1D" box="[274,360,1493,1517]" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" type="male">2 males</specimenCount>
|
||
with 1 pupal exuviae (SUM-IC-T0314, T0315),
|
||
<specimenCount id="9D09F8C6FFD50F08A893FA0A02ADFA1D" box="[907,1004,1493,1517]" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" type="female">1 female</specimenCount>
|
||
with pupal exuviae (SUM-IC-T0316), as previous except
|
||
<date id="FFB1158FFFD50F08AA73FA2600B2F9E1" box="[363,499,1529,1553]" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" value="2008-08-14">14.viii.2008</date>
|
||
(adults emerged
|
||
<date id="FFB1158FFFD50F08A9AAFA26027FF9E1" box="[690,830,1529,1553]" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" value="2008-08-21">21.viii.2008</date>
|
||
);
|
||
<specimenCount id="9D09F8C6FFD50F08A849FA2502E6F9E1" box="[849,935,1529,1553]" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" type="male">7 males</specimenCount>
|
||
with 7 pupal and 7 larval exuviae (SUM-IC- T0317–0323), as previous except
|
||
<date id="FFB1158FFFD50F08A938F9C203D7F9C5" box="[544,662,1565,1589]" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" value="2009-04-19">19.iv.2009</date>
|
||
(adults emerged
|
||
<date id="FFB1158FFFD50F08A879F9C20547F9C5" box="[865,1030,1565,1589]" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" value="2009-04-25" valueMax="2009-04-30" valueMin="2009-04-25">25–30.iv.2009</date>
|
||
); Kanagawa, Kiyokawa, Miyagase, small stream,
|
||
<specimenCount id="9D09F8C6FFD50F08AA2CF99E003EF9A9" box="[308,383,1601,1625]" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" type="male">1 male</specimenCount>
|
||
and
|
||
<specimenCount id="9D09F8C6FFD50F08AAAEF99E0356F9A9" box="[438,535,1601,1625]" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" type="female">1 female</specimenCount>
|
||
with 2 pupal and 2 larval exuviae (SUM-IC-T0324, T0325), and 1 larva (SUM- IC-T0326),
|
||
<date id="FFB1158FFFD50F08AA3EF9BA00D5F98D" box="[294,404,1637,1661]" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" value="1993-05-21">21.v.1993</date>
|
||
(adults emerged
|
||
<date id="FFB1158FFFD50F08A969F9BA0216F98D" box="[625,855,1637,1661]" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" value="1993-05-27" valueMax="1993-06-03" valueMin="1993-05-27">27.v and 3.vi.1993</date>
|
||
); 1 larva (SUM-IC-T0327), as previous except
|
||
<date id="FFB1158FFFD50F08AB8FF9560050F951" box="[151,273,1673,1697]" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" value="1993-09-30">30.ix.1993</date>
|
||
;
|
||
<specimenCount id="9D09F8C6FFD50F08AA38F9560039F951" box="[288,376,1673,1697]" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" type="male">3 males</specimenCount>
|
||
and
|
||
<specimenCount id="9D09F8C6FFD50F08AAABF9560357F951" box="[435,534,1673,1697]" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" type="female">1 female</specimenCount>
|
||
with 4 pupal and 4 larval exuviae (SUM-IC-T0328–0331), as previous except
|
||
<date id="FFB1158FFFD50F08AB8FF9720049F935" box="[151,264,1709,1733]" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" value="1994-02-23">23.ii.1994</date>
|
||
(adults emerged
|
||
<date id="FFB1158FFFD50F08AAD0F9720339F935" box="[456,632,1709,1733]" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" value="1994-02-28" valueMax="1994-03-06" valueMin="1994-02-28">28.ii–6.iii.1994</date>
|
||
); 1 larva (SUM-IC-T0332), as previous except
|
||
<date id="FFB1158FFFD50F08AF9FF97205B8F935" box="[1159,1273,1709,1733]" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" value="1996-05-26">26.v.1996</date>
|
||
;
|
||
<specimenCount id="9D09F8C6FFD50F08AE1BF9720425F935" box="[1283,1380,1709,1733]" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" type="female">1 female</specimenCount>
|
||
with pupal and larval exuviae (SUM-IC-T0333), as previous except
|
||
<date id="FFB1158FFFD50F08A87BF90E0292F919" box="[867,979,1745,1769]" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" value="1998-10-18">18.x.1998</date>
|
||
(adult emerged
|
||
<date id="FFB1158FFFD50F08AF95F90E0441F919" box="[1165,1280,1745,1769]" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" value="1998-10-22">22.x.1998</date>
|
||
);
|
||
<specimenCount id="9D09F8C6FFD50F08AE0EF90E0423F919" box="[1302,1378,1745,1769]" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" type="male">1 male</specimenCount>
|
||
with pupal and larval exuviae (SUM-IC-T0334), as previous except
|
||
<date id="FFB1158FFFD50F08A864F92A029FF8FD" box="[892,990,1781,1805]" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" value="1999-10-03">3.x.1999</date>
|
||
(adult emerged
|
||
<date id="FFB1158FFFD50F08AFB8F92A0455F8FD" box="[1184,1300,1781,1805]" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" value="1999-10-15">15.x.1999</date>
|
||
); Shizuoka, Ashikubo, small stream,
|
||
<specimenCount id="9D09F8C6FFD50F08AADDF8C60356F8C1" box="[453,535,1817,1841]" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" type="male">1 male</specimenCount>
|
||
with pupal and larval exuviae (SUM-IC-T0335),
|
||
<date id="FFB1158FFFD50F08AF62F8C6059FF8C1" box="[1146,1246,1817,1841]" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" value="1988-02-06">6.ii.1988</date>
|
||
(adult emerged
|
||
<date id="FFB1158FFFD50F08AB8FF8E20055F8A5" box="[151,276,1853,1877]" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" value="1998-03-10">10.iii.1998</date>
|
||
); Shizuoka, Ikawa, small stream, 1 larval exuviae (SUM-IC-T0336),
|
||
<date id="FFB1158FFFD50F08AF04F8E205D6F8A5" box="[1052,1175,1853,1877]" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" value="1996-09-15">15.ix.1996</date>
|
||
;
|
||
<specimenCount id="9D09F8C6FFD50F08AFBBF8E205AFF8A5" box="[1187,1262,1853,1877]" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" type="male">1 male</specimenCount>
|
||
with pupal and larval exuviae (SUM-IC-T0337),
|
||
<specimenCount id="9D09F8C6FFD50F08A90DF8BE03C2F889" box="[533,643,1889,1913]" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" type="female">3 females</specimenCount>
|
||
with 3 pupal exuviae (SUM-IC-T0338–0340), and 1 larva (SUM-IC- T0341), as previous except
|
||
<date id="FFB1158FFFD50F08AAD7F85A0306F86D" box="[463,583,1925,1949]" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" value="2002-09-16">16.ix.2002</date>
|
||
(adults emerged
|
||
<date id="FFB1158FFFD50F08A811F85A0285F86D" box="[777,964,1925,1949]" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" value="2002-09-13" valueMax="2002-10-23" valueMin="2002-09-13">13.ix–23.x.2002</date>
|
||
); Shizuoka, Uchimaki, Uchimaki River,
|
||
<specimenCount id="9D09F8C6FFD50F08AE96F85A01AFF831" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" type="female">2 females</specimenCount>
|
||
with 2 pupal and 2 larval exuviae (SUM-IC-T0391, T0392),
|
||
<date id="FFB1158FFFD50F08A884F876054BF831" box="[924,1034,1961,1985]" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" value="2010-05-16">16.v.2010</date>
|
||
(adults emerged
|
||
<date id="FFB1158FFFD50F08AFD3F87604CEF831" box="[1227,1423,1961,1985]" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" value="2010-05-26" valueMax="2010-05-27" valueMin="2010-05-26">26 and 27.v.2010</date>
|
||
);
|
||
<specimenCount id="9D09F8C6FFD50F08AB8FF81201A4F815" box="[151,229,1997,2021]" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" type="male">1 male</specimenCount>
|
||
with pupal exuviae (SUM-IC-T0393), as previous except
|
||
<date id="FFB1158FFFD50F08A895F81202BAF815" box="[909,1019,1997,2021]" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" value="2010-05-29">29.v.2010</date>
|
||
(adult emerged
|
||
<date id="FFB1158FFFD50F08AFA3F8120477F815" box="[1211,1334,1997,2021]" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" value="2010-06-12">12.vi.2010</date>
|
||
);
|
||
<specimenCount id="9D09F8C6FFD50F08AE56F81204DCF815" box="[1358,1437,1997,2021]" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" type="male">1 male</specimenCount>
|
||
with pupal and larval exuviae (SUM-IC-T0394),
|
||
<specimenCount id="9D09F8C6FFD40F09A9D7FF48027FFF5F" box="[719,830,151,175]" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" type="female">2 females</specimenCount>
|
||
with 2 pupal and 1 larval exuviae (SUM-IC-T0395, T0396), as previous except
|
||
<date id="FFB1158FFFD40F09AAD5FF630377FF24" box="[461,566,188,212]" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" value="2010-06-05">5.vi.2010</date>
|
||
(adults emerged
|
||
<date id="FFB1158FFFD40F09A9E0FF6302DFFF24" box="[760,926,188,212]" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" value="2010-06-10" valueMax="2010-06-15" valueMin="2010-06-10">10–15.vi.2010</date>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C31560C4FFD40F04ABDDFF0003E8FC7B" lastPageId="10" lastPageNumber="11" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" type="description">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BB0334FFFD40F09ABDDFF0002FBFF07" blockId="7.[151,1436,151,357]" box="[197,954,223,248]" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97BEF5DFFD40F09ABDDFF0000DBFF08" bold="true" box="[197,410,223,248]" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">Description. Male</emphasis>
|
||
(n = 25). Body length 1.9–3.3 (2.7, n = 21) mm.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BB0334FFFD40F09ABDDFEDB05C1FE94" blockId="7.[151,1436,151,357]" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97BEF5DFFD40F09ABDDFEDB0001FEEC" box="[197,320,260,284]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">Coloration</emphasis>
|
||
. Thorax yellow with dark 4 scutal vittae, anepisternum II, preepisternum and postnotum (
|
||
<figureCitation id="13342FCAFFD40F09AE22FEDB04CEFEEC" box="[1338,1423,260,284]" captionStart="FIGURES 15 – 18" captionStartId="7.[151,264,1552,1575]" captionTargetBox="[168,1424,426,1519]" captionTargetId="figure@7.[151,1436,409,1531]" captionTargetPageId="7" captionText="FIGURES 15 – 18. Paramerina okigenga (Sasa), male (15 – 17) and female (18). 15, Thorax, showing marking pattern, dorsal view; 16, wing; 17, hypopygium, dorsal view; 18, genitalia, ventral view." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/205928/files/figure.png" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">Fig. 15</figureCitation>
|
||
). Abdomen yellow with dark bands; band narrow, occasionally absent, on tergite I, always absent on tergites II, V and IX, and broad on tergites III, IV, VI–VIII. Wing without pattern. Legs largely yellow.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<caption id="DF7063C7FFD40F09AB8FF9CF023FF9B5" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/205928/files/figure.png" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" targetBox="[168,1424,426,1519]" targetPageId="7">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BB0334FFFD40F09AB8FF9CF023FF9B5" blockId="7.[151,1435,1552,1605]" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97BEF5DFFD40F09AB8FF9CF0014F9D6" bold="true" box="[151,341,1552,1575]" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">FIGURES 15–18.</emphasis>
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0F48CCFFD40F09AA44F9CD03C2F9D7" authority="Sasa" authorityName="Sasa" box="[348,643,1552,1575]" class="Insecta" family="Chironomidae" genus="Paramerina" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="okigenga">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97BEF5DFFD40F09AA44F9CD037BF9D6" box="[348,570,1552,1575]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">Paramerina okigenga</emphasis>
|
||
(Sasa)
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, male (15–17) and female (18). 15, Thorax, showing marking pattern, dorsal view; 16, wing; 17, hypopygium, dorsal view; 18, genitalia, ventral view.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BB0334FFFD40F09ABDDF9AD05DAF921" blockId="7.[151,1437,1649,2001]" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97BEF5DFFD40F09ABDDF9AD0040F97A" box="[197,257,1650,1674]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">Head</emphasis>
|
||
. Temporals
|
||
<quantity id="4CF79EAAFFD40F09AA96F9AE00B1F979" box="[398,496,1649,1673]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.445" metricValueMax="6.096" metricValueMin="2.794" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" unit="in" value="17.5" valueMax="24.0" valueMin="11.0">11–24 in</quantity>
|
||
number, uniserial. AR 0.6–1.3. Clypeus rounded with 16–36 setae. Lengths of palpomeres 1–5 (in μm) 30–45 (37, n = 20), 38–75 (57, n = 20), 100–210 (153, n = 20), 115–190 (152, n = 20) and 195–325 (258, n = 20); Pm4 0.9–1.2 times as long as Pm3; Pm5 1.6–1.9 times as long as Pm4.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BB0334FFFD40F09ABDDF93E0261F8B0" blockId="7.[151,1437,1649,2001]" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97BEF5DFFD40F09ABDDF93E0057F909" box="[197,278,1761,1785]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">Thorax</emphasis>
|
||
. Aps
|
||
<quantity id="4CF79EAAFFD40F09AA79F93F00ECF908" box="[353,429,1760,1784]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="8.89" metricValueMax="15.24" metricValueMin="2.54" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" unit="in" value="3.5" valueMax="6.0" valueMin="1.0">1–6 in</quantity>
|
||
number, located laterally. Ac 23–53, biserial, evenly diverging posteriorly; Dc 13–36 including 1–2 Prs, bi- to multiserial; H 5–21; Pa 8–19, multiserial; Su 1. Scutellum with group of 5–24 short anterior setae and transverse row of 6–13 long posterior setae.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BB0334FFFD40F09ABDDF8910587F894" blockId="7.[151,1437,1649,2001]" box="[197,1222,1868,1893]" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97BEF5DFFD40F09ABDDF89101BCF895" box="[197,253,1870,1893]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">Wing</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<figureCitation id="13342FCAFFD40F09AA16F8930020F894" box="[270,353,1868,1892]" captionStart="FIGURES 15 – 18" captionStartId="7.[151,264,1552,1575]" captionTargetBox="[168,1424,426,1519]" captionTargetId="figure@7.[151,1436,409,1531]" captionTargetPageId="7" captionText="FIGURES 15 – 18. Paramerina okigenga (Sasa), male (15 – 17) and female (18). 15, Thorax, showing marking pattern, dorsal view; 16, wing; 17, hypopygium, dorsal view; 18, genitalia, ventral view." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/205928/files/figure.png" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">Fig. 16</figureCitation>
|
||
). Length 1.3–2.6 (1.9, n = 21) mm. Squama with 12–37 setae; VR 0.83–0.89.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BB0334FFFD40F09ABDDF8AD04DCF820" blockId="7.[151,1437,1649,2001]" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97BEF5DFFD40F09ABDDF8AD01BBF879" box="[197,250,1906,1929]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">Legs</emphasis>
|
||
. Spur of foretibia 38–55 (45, n = 21) μm long, with 3 or 4 lateral teeth; spurs of midtibia 53–73 (62, n = 21) and 25–43 (33, n = 21) μm long, with 2–4 and 2–3 lateral teeth, respectively; spurs of hind tibia 53–78 (65, n = 21) and 25–43 (32, n = 21) μm long, each with 2 or 3 lateral teeth; hind tibial comb consisting of 5 or 6 spines.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BB0334FFFDB0F06AB8FFF48032BFF27" blockId="8.[151,1436,151,216]" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">Pseudospurs present on ta1–3 or ta1–4 of all legs; claw apically pointed with 1 long basoventral spine. Lengths and proportions of leg segments as in Table 2.</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BB0334FFFDB0F06AB8FFED8040DFEBE" blockId="8.[151,1398,262,915]" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97BEF5DFFDB0F06AB8FFED80045FEEC" bold="true" box="[151,260,263,284]" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">TABLE 2.</emphasis>
|
||
Lengths (in μm) and proportions of legs of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0F48CCFFDB0F06A9D8FED702A4FEED" authority="Sasa" authorityName="Sasa" box="[704,997,263,285]" class="Insecta" family="Chironomidae" genus="Paramerina" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="okigenga">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97BEF5DFFDB0F06A9D8FED702DFFEED" box="[704,926,263,285]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">Paramerina okigenga</emphasis>
|
||
(Sasa)
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, male (n = 18) and female (n = 10). fe ti ta1 ta2 ta3 ta4 ta5 LR BR
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BB0334FFFDB0F06AB87FEBC0192FE89" blockId="8.[151,1398,262,915]" box="[159,211,355,377]" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">Male</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BB0334FFFDB0F06AA12FE510434FE53" blockId="8.[151,1398,262,915]" box="[266,1397,397,423]" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">p1 505–889 526–990 434–838 293–556 202–414 141–253 81–131 0.82–0.93 3.8–5.7</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BB0334FFFDB0F06AA24FE69052CFE3D" blockId="8.[151,1398,262,915]" box="[316,1133,438,461]" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">(688) (741) (631) (408) (294) (187) (101)</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BB0334FFFDB0F06AA12FE3E0437FE05" blockId="8.[151,1398,262,915]" box="[266,1398,480,506]" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">p2 626–1091 475–869 495–879 273–475 171–303 111–192 71–111 1.01–1.17 4.9–7.3</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BB0334FFFDB0F06AA24FDD50520FDEF" blockId="8.[151,1398,262,915]" box="[316,1121,521,544]" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">(841) (648) (686) (374) (230) (149) (95)</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BB0334FFFDB0F06AA12FDEC0437FDB8" blockId="8.[151,1398,262,915]" box="[266,1398,562,588]" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">p3 535–909 576–1162 495–909 283–545 212–414 152–273 81–131 0.78–0.92 5.5–7.4</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BB0334FFFDB0F06AA24FD84052DFD82" blockId="8.[151,1398,262,915]" box="[316,1132,603,626]" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">(705) (845) (708) (411) (306) (200) (100)</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BB0334FFFDB0F06AB87FD5A01ABFD6B" blockId="8.[151,1398,262,915]" box="[159,234,645,667]" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">Female</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BB0334FFFDB0F06AA12FD700520FC63" blockId="8.[151,1398,262,915]" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">p1 455–808 485–859 394–697 232–465 162–354 111–202 71–121 0.81–0.89 (587) (621) (524) (332) (233) (150) (90) p2 596–980 455–818 475–758 222–404 131–242 91–161 71–101 0.93–1.07 (732) (603) (585) (301) (184) (124) (83) p3 495–859 545–1081 444–838 263–475 202–374 131–232 71–111 0.78–0.85 (627) (745) (604) (348) (264) (173) (89)</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BB0334FFFDB0F06ABDDFC0602A8FBC7" blockId="8.[151,1437,983,2029]" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97BEF5DFFDB0F06ABDDFC060015FC00" box="[197,340,985,1008]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">Hypopygium</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<figureCitation id="13342FCAFFDB0F06AA7CFC0800F6FC1F" box="[356,439,983,1007]" captionStart="FIGURES 15 – 18" captionStartId="7.[151,264,1552,1575]" captionTargetBox="[168,1424,426,1519]" captionTargetId="figure@7.[151,1436,409,1531]" captionTargetPageId="7" captionText="FIGURES 15 – 18. Paramerina okigenga (Sasa), male (15 – 17) and female (18). 15, Thorax, showing marking pattern, dorsal view; 16, wing; 17, hypopygium, dorsal view; 18, genitalia, ventral view." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/205928/files/figure.png" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">Fig. 17</figureCitation>
|
||
). Tergite IX without setae. Gonocoxite 120–208 (162, n = 21) μm long, 2.7–3.0 times as long as broad at middle. Gonostylus 80–140 (110, n = 21) μm long; HR 1.4–1.6. Phallapodeme conspicuously elongated, and its posterior tip reaching 0.42–0.66 from base of gonocoxite.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BB0334FFFDB0F06ABDDFB9B027CFBAC" blockId="8.[151,1437,983,2029]" box="[197,829,1092,1116]" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97BEF5DFFDB0F06ABDDFB9B005DFBAC" bold="true" box="[197,284,1092,1116]" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">Female</emphasis>
|
||
(n = 12). Body length 1.2–2.2 (1.6, n = 10) mm.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BB0334FFFDB0F06ABDDFBB70343FB8F" blockId="8.[151,1437,983,2029]" box="[197,514,1127,1152]" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97BEF5DFFDB0F06ABDDFBB70001FB70" box="[197,320,1128,1152]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">Coloration</emphasis>
|
||
. Similar to male.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BB0334FFFDB0F06ABDDFB53030AFAE2" blockId="8.[151,1437,983,2029]" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97BEF5DFFDB0F06ABDDFB530040FB54" box="[197,257,1164,1188]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">Head</emphasis>
|
||
. Temporals
|
||
<quantity id="4CF79EAAFFDB0F06AA97FB5300A4FB54" box="[399,485,1164,1188]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.81" metricValueMax="5.588" metricValueMin="2.032" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" unit="in" value="15.0" valueMax="22.0" valueMin="8.0">8–22 in</quantity>
|
||
number. Antenna with terminal flagellomere longer than preceding 2 flagellomeres together; AR 0.21–0.26. Clypeus with 12–43 setae. Lengths of palpomeres 1–5 (in μm) 25–45 (33, n = 7), 38–63 (48, n = 7), 100–165 (119, n = 7), 113–158 (127, n = 7) and 180–255 (214, n = 7); Pm4 1.0–1.2 times as long as Pm3; Pm5 1.6–1.9 times as long as Pm4.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BB0334FFFDB0F06ABDDFAFE0359FAAD" blockId="8.[151,1437,983,2029]" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97BEF5DFFDB0F06ABDDFAFE0057FAC9" box="[197,278,1313,1337]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">Thorax</emphasis>
|
||
. Aps
|
||
<quantity id="4CF79EAAFFDB0F06AA4FFAFE00DCFAC9" box="[343,413,1313,1337]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="7.62" metricValueMax="12.7" metricValueMin="2.54" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" unit="in" value="3.0" valueMax="5.0" valueMin="1.0">1–5 in</quantity>
|
||
number, Ac 25–53, Dc 14–54, H 14–36, Pa 11–32, Su 1. Scts composed of 7–27 short anterior and 6–13 long posterior setae.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BB0334FFFDB0F06ABDDFAB5051DFA71" blockId="8.[151,1437,983,2029]" box="[197,1116,1385,1409]" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97BEF5DFFDB0F06ABDDFAB501BCFA71" box="[197,253,1386,1409]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">Wing</emphasis>
|
||
. Length 1.2–2.2 (1.6, n = 11) mm. Squama with 12–37 setae; VR 0.81–0.89.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BB0334FFFDB0F06ABDDFA5003DBF9E1" blockId="8.[151,1437,983,2029]" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97BEF5DFFDB0F06ABDDFA5001BBFA56" box="[197,250,1423,1446]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">Legs</emphasis>
|
||
. Spur of foretibia 38–53 (42, n = 11) μm long, with 2–5 lateral teeth; spurs of midtibia 50–68 (58, n = 11) and 25–40 (31, n = 11) μm long, with 2–4 and 2–3 lateral teeth, respectively; spurs of hind tibia 50–70 (60, n = 11) and 23–40 (31, n = 11) μm long, each with 2 or 3 lateral teeth; hind tibial comb consisting of 4–6 spines. Lengths and proportions of leg segments as in Table 2.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BB0334FFFDB0F06ABDDF9C2054CF9A9" blockId="8.[151,1437,983,2029]" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">
|
||
Genitalia (
|
||
<figureCitation id="13342FCAFFDB0F06AA22F9C200CCF9C5" box="[314,397,1565,1589]" captionStart="FIGURES 15 – 18" captionStartId="7.[151,264,1552,1575]" captionTargetBox="[168,1424,426,1519]" captionTargetId="figure@7.[151,1436,409,1531]" captionTargetPageId="7" captionText="FIGURES 15 – 18. Paramerina okigenga (Sasa), male (15 – 17) and female (18). 15, Thorax, showing marking pattern, dorsal view; 16, wing; 17, hypopygium, dorsal view; 18, genitalia, ventral view." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/205928/files/figure.png" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">Fig. 18</figureCitation>
|
||
): Notum 75–120 (97, n = 5) μm long. Seminal capsule pale, oval, 53–70 (60, n = 6) μm long, and 45–63 (53, n = 6) μm wide. Segment X with 8–15 short setae on each side.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BB0334FFFDB0F06ABDDF9B90265F98D" blockId="8.[151,1437,983,2029]" box="[197,804,1637,1662]" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97BEF5DFFDB0F06ABDDF9B90042F98E" bold="true" box="[197,259,1638,1662]" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">Pupa</emphasis>
|
||
(n = 33). Body length 2.6–4.1 (3.2, n = 31) mm.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BB0334FFFDB0F06ABDDF95604DCF951" blockId="8.[151,1437,983,2029]" box="[197,1437,1673,1697]" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97BEF5DFFDB0F06ABDDF9560001F951" box="[197,320,1673,1697]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">Coloration</emphasis>
|
||
. Exuviae mostly brown. Abdomen dark on scar and apophyses; tergites III–VI pale posterolaterally.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BB0334FFFDB0F06ABDDF97102A8F8A5" blockId="8.[151,1437,983,2029]" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97BEF5DFFDB0F06ABDDF971002CF936" box="[197,365,1710,1734]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">Cephalothorax</emphasis>
|
||
. Thoracic horn (Fig. 19) 163–275 (213, n = 30) μm long, 3.0–4.1 times as long as broad; corona 68–120 (97, n = 30) μm long, more or less triangular with rounded corners, occupying apical 0.41–0.51 of horn; plastron plate more or less oval, 33–63 (51, n = 30) μm long, 0.43–0.60 times as long as corona, and 4.0–9.0 times as long as width of its neck; respiratory atrium smooth or slightly rugged on surface, with well-developed apical diverticulum. Thoracic comb composed of 7–16 apically rounded tubercles.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BB0334FFFDB0F07ABDDF8BE0396FF07" blockId="8.[151,1437,983,2029]" lastBlockId="9.[151,1436,151,247]" lastPageId="9" lastPageNumber="10" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97BEF5DFFDB0F06ABDDF8BE006EF889" box="[197,303,1889,1913]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">Abdomen</emphasis>
|
||
(Fig. 20). Shagreen consisting of weak and sparse spinules on sternites and tergites (Fig. 21), except sternite II with somewhat strong shagreen (Fig. 22). Segment VII with 4 LS-setae and 1 L-seta on each side, occasionally LS1-seta reduced to small setal mark; LS1-seta positioned 0.42–0.54 from anterior margin of segment. Segment VIII with 5 LS-setae on each side; LS1-seta positioned 0.24–0.30 from anterior margin of segment. Anal lobe 275–425 (340, n = 30) μm long, 3.0–3.6 times as long as wide, with 12–21 pale spines along outer boarder; anterior and posterior anal macrosetae located respectively 0.35–0.43 and 0.52–0.60 from anterior margin of anal lobe. Male genital sac 1.1–1.2 times as long as anal lobe.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BB0334FFFDA0F07AB8FF8C6036CF83B" blockId="9.[151,1436,1817,1995]" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97BEF5DFFDA0F07AB8FF8C60019F8DE" bold="true" box="[151,344,1817,1840]" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">FIGURES 19–28.</emphasis>
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0F48CCFFDA0F07AA7AF8C503CEF8C0" authority="Sasa" authorityName="Sasa" box="[354,655,1817,1840]" class="Insecta" family="Chironomidae" genus="Paramerina" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="okigenga">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97BEF5DFFDA0F07AA7AF8C50305F8DF" box="[354,580,1817,1839]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">Paramerina okigenga</emphasis>
|
||
(Sasa)
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, pupa (19–22) and larva (23–28). 19, Thoracic horn with basal lobe; 20, abdominal segments VII–IX, dorsal view, left lateral setae omitted; 21, shagreen on posteromedial part of abdominal tergite IV; 22, shagreen on posteromedial part of abdominal sternite II; 23, head with chaetotaxy, dorsal view (R) and ventral view (L); 24, antenna; 25, mandible, seta subdentalis and ventrolateral setae omitted; 26, maxillary palp with apical stylets; 27, ligula and paraligula; 28, smaller claws of posterior parapod. Abbreviations: CP, coronal sensory pore; S1–11, cephalic setae 1–11; SSm, seta submenti; VP, ventral sensory pore.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BB0334FFFD90F04ABDDFF4702FFFF5F" blockId="10.[151,1436,151,1556]" box="[197,958,151,176]" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97BEF5DFFD90F04ABDDFF4700EAFF40" bold="true" box="[197,427,151,176]" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">Fourth instar larva</emphasis>
|
||
(n = 32). Body length 4.2–5.4 (5.0, n = 5) mm.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BB0334FFFD90F04ABDDFF6305EFFF24" blockId="10.[151,1436,151,1556]" box="[197,1198,188,212]" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97BEF5DFFD90F04ABDDFF630001FF24" box="[197,320,188,212]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">Coloration</emphasis>
|
||
. Head dark brown on posterior 1/3–2/3, and body entirely reddish when alive.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BB0334FFFD90F04ABDDFF3F00EAFCEF" blockId="10.[151,1436,151,1556]" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97BEF5DFFD90F04ABDDFF3F0043FF08" box="[197,258,224,248]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">Head</emphasis>
|
||
(Fig. 23). Length 470–677 (570, n = 14) μm; cephalic index 0.48–0.57. Dorsal cephalic setae S1–3 and S8 simple, S4–7 3- or 4-branched; S8 posteromedial to S7, and anterolateral to S5; dorsal sensory pore absent. Ventral cephalic seta S9 simple, S10 and SSm 3- or 4-branched; S10 posteromedial to S9, anteromedial to sensory pore, and these ventral setae and sensory pore all anterolateral to SSm; S9, S10 and SSm arranged almost in line. Antenna (Fig. 24) 0.49–0.54 times as long as head capsule; lengths of first to fourth segments (in μm) 168–255 (213, n = 17), 63– 80 (72, n = 17), 7–9 (8, n = 17) and 5–6 (5, n = 17); AR 2.0–3.0. First segment 8.3–11.9 times as long as its basal width, with ring organ positioned 0.58–0.67 from base; blade 70–90 (81, n = 12) μm long, reaching apex of segment 3; accessory blade 73–93 (83, n = 14) μm long, slightly longer than blade. Second segment 8.7–10.7 times as long as its basal width; style 10–12 (11, n = 12) μm long, nearly reaching apex of segment 4; peg sensillum 4–5 (5, n = 17) μm long. Mandible (Fig. 25) 75–115 (95, n = 21) μm long, 0.29–0.36 times as long as antenna, with apical tooth 2.3–2.6 times as long as basal width. Basal segment of maxillary palp (Fig. 26) subdivided into 2 parts, 35–55 (45, n = 18) μm in total length, and 3.9–5.0 times as long as its basal width; apical part 2.4–3.0 times as long as basal part. Ligula (Fig. 27) 68–93 (80, n = 17) μm long, 1.8–2.1 times as long as its toothed width, with granulose area occupying basal 0.17–0.25; median tooth 1.6–2.0 times as long as wide. Paraligula 30–43 (36, n = 17) μm long with fork positioned 0.46–0.63 from base; outer spine 2.5–4.0 times as long as inner spine. Pecten hypopharyngis with row of 12–17 teeth.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BB0334FFFD90F04ABDDFCF403E8FC7B" blockId="10.[151,1436,151,1556]" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97BEF5DFFD90F04ABDDFCF401BCFCB3" box="[197,253,811,835]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">Body</emphasis>
|
||
. Procercus 3.3–3.8 times as long as wide, with 7 anal setae; both lateral setae located respectively 0.36– 0.41 and 0.61–0.69 from base. Posterior parapod with 16 yellow and simple claws (Fig. 28); occasionally larger claws serrated along inner and/or outer margin.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C31560C4FFD90F04ABDDFC48040CF9E3" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" type="discussion">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BB0334FFFD90F04ABDDFC4802DFFBCF" blockId="10.[151,1436,151,1556]" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97BEF5DFFD90F04ABDDFC480078FC5F" bold="true" box="[197,313,919,943]" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">Remarks.</emphasis>
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EF9E4EBEFFD90F04AA5AFC480088FC5F" author="Sasa" box="[322,457,919,943]" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" refString="Sasa, M. (1990) Studies on the chironomid midges (Diptera, Chironomidae) of the Nansei Islands, southern Japan. Japanese Journal of Experimental Medicine, 60, 111 - 165." type="journal article" year="1990">Sasa (1990)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
described
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0F48CCFFD90F04A95FFC48020DFC5F" box="[583,844,919,943]" class="Insecta" family="Chironomidae" genus="Monopelopia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="okigenga">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97BEF5DFFD90F04A95FFC48020DFC5F" box="[583,844,919,943]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">Monopelopia okigenga</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
on the basis of the
|
||
<typeStatus id="54B48DEDFFD90F04AF2CFC4805D7FC5F" box="[1076,1174,919,943]" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
|
||
male and the
|
||
<typeStatus id="54B48DEDFFD90F04AE24FC4704DDFC40" box="[1340,1436,920,944]" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" type="paratype">paratype</typeStatus>
|
||
female, and noted (p. 141), “hind tibiae with only one terminal spur.” We re-examined these
|
||
<typeStatus id="54B48DEDFFD90F04AFBBFC630592FC24" box="[1187,1235,956,980]" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">type</typeStatus>
|
||
specimens, and it was proved that the author overlooked the abdominal tergite IX without setae, the long and apically hooked phallapodemes in the male hypopygium, as well as the very small outer tibial spur on the hind leg. The species thus belongs to
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0F48CCFFD90F04AA0AFBF700D8FBCF" box="[274,409,1064,1087]" class="Insecta" family="Chironomidae" genus="Paramerina" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97BEF5DFFD90F04AA0AFBF700D8FBCF" box="[274,409,1064,1087]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">Paramerina</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, as pointed out by
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EF9E4EBEFFD90F04A976FBF802DBFBCF" author="Kobayashi" box="[622,922,1063,1087]" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" refString="Kobayashi, T. & Endo, K. (2008) Synonymic notes on some species of Chironomidae (Diptera) described by Dr. M. Sasa. Zootaxa, 1712, 49 - 64." type="journal article" year="2008">Kobayashi & Endo (2008)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BB0334FFFD90F04ABDDFB9405B2FA57" blockId="10.[151,1436,151,1556]" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">
|
||
The male mostly resembles that of the European
|
||
<emphasis id="B97BEF5DFFD90F04A9F0FB930203FB93" box="[744,834,1099,1123]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">P. d i v i s a</emphasis>
|
||
in the presences of both the median and lateral scutal vittae, the wing without any marking, and the entirely yellow abdominal tergites I, II, V and IX, but may be separable from it by the low value of antennal ratio. The antennal ratio is
|
||
<quantity id="4CF79EAAFFD90F04A884FB4C054EFB5B" box="[924,1039,1171,1195]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.413" metricValueMax="3.302" metricValueMin="1.524" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" unit="in" value="0.95" valueMax="1.3" valueMin="0.6">0.6–1.3 in</quantity>
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0F48CCFFD90F04AF0FFB4B05DBFB5B" box="[1047,1178,1171,1195]" class="Insecta" family="Chironomidae" genus="Monopelopia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="okigenga">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97BEF5DFFD90F04AF0FFB4B05DBFB5B" box="[1047,1178,1171,1195]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">P. okigenga</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, while
|
||
<quantity id="4CF79EAAFFD90F04AFE9FB4C043EFB5B" box="[1265,1407,1171,1195]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.7465" metricValueMax="3.81" metricValueMin="3.683" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" unit="in" value="1.475" valueMax="1.5" valueMin="1.45">1.45–1.50 in</quantity>
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0F48CCFFD90F04AE9FFB4B019BFB3F" class="Insecta" family="Chironomidae" genus="Paramerina" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="divisa">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97BEF5DFFD90F04AE9FFB4B019BFB3F" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">P. divisa</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, according to
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EF9E4EBEFFD90F04AA63FB680361FB3F" author="Fittkau" box="[379,544,1207,1231]" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" refString="Fittkau, E. J. (1962) Die Tanypodinae (Diptera: Chironomidae). Die Tribus Anatopyniini, Macropelopiini und Pentaneurini. Abhandlungen zur Larvalsystematik der Insekten, 6, 1 - 453." type="journal article" year="1962">Fittkau (1962)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
. Also the larvae of these species are very similar to each other in the head capsule darkened posteriorly (see
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EF9E4EBEFFD90F04AAF3FB04025FFB03" author="Rieradevall" box="[491,798,1243,1267]" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" refString="Rieradevall, M. & Brooks, S. J. (2001) An identification guide to subfossil Tanypodinae larvae (Insecta: Diptera: Chironomidae) based on cephalic setation. Journal of Paleolimnology, 25, 81 - 99." type="journal article" year="2001">Rieradevall & Brooks 2001</bibRefCitation>
|
||
for
|
||
<emphasis id="B97BEF5DFFD90F04A853FB0302E4FB03" box="[843,933,1243,1267]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">P. d i v i s a</emphasis>
|
||
), but differences between both the pupae are distinct. The plastron plate of the thoracic horn is 0.43–0.60 times as long as the corona, and 4.0–8.3 times as long as the width of its neck in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0F48CCFFD90F04AAA3FAFB037CFACB" box="[443,573,1315,1339]" class="Insecta" family="Chironomidae" genus="Monopelopia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="okigenga">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97BEF5DFFD90F04AAA3FAFB037CFACB" box="[443,573,1315,1339]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">P. okigenga</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
: while in
|
||
<emphasis id="B97BEF5DFFD90F04A9B4FAFB0247FACB" box="[684,774,1315,1339]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">P. d i v i s a</emphasis>
|
||
, that is about 0.25 times as long as the corona, and slightly longer than the width of its neck, according to
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EF9E4EBEFFD90F04A9B1FA980517FAAF" author="Zavrel" box="[681,1110,1351,1376]" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" refString="Zavrel, J. & Thienemann, A. (1921) Die Metamorphose der Tanypinen. Archiv fur Hydrobiolie, Supplement Band, 2, 655 - 784." type="journal article" year="1921">Zavȓel & Thienemann (1921, fig. 7B)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EF9E4EBEFFD90F04AF7BFA98042DFAAF" author="Fittkau" box="[1123,1388,1351,1375]" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" refString="Fittkau, E. J. (1962) Die Tanypodinae (Diptera: Chironomidae). Die Tribus Anatopyniini, Macropelopiini und Pentaneurini. Abhandlungen zur Larvalsystematik der Insekten, 6, 1 - 453." type="journal article" year="1962">Fittkau (1962, fig. 274)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
and
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EF9E4EBEFFD90F04AB8FFAB300EBFA73" author="Langton" box="[151,426,1387,1412]" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" refString="Langton, P. H. (1984) A key to pupal exuviae of British Chironomidae. Private publication, March, Cambridgeshire, 324 pp." type="book" year="1984" yearSuffix="a">Langton (1984, pl. 17a)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
. In addition, the abdominal segment VII is armed with four pairs of LS-setae in
|
||
<emphasis id="B97BEF5DFFD90F04AE4AFAB3019AFA57" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">P. o k i - genga</emphasis>
|
||
, but with three pairs of LS-setae in
|
||
<emphasis id="B97BEF5DFFD90F04A975FA4F0386FA57" box="[621,711,1423,1447]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">P. d i v i s a</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EF9E4EBEFFD90F04A9C2FA50022CFA57" author="Fittkau" box="[730,877,1423,1447]" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" refString="Fittkau, E. J. (1962) Die Tanypodinae (Diptera: Chironomidae). Die Tribus Anatopyniini, Macropelopiini und Pentaneurini. Abhandlungen zur Larvalsystematik der Insekten, 6, 1 - 453." type="journal article" year="1962">Fittkau 1962</bibRefCitation>
|
||
, fig. 284b;
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EF9E4EBEFFD90F04A8F4FA4F05CAFA57" author="Langton" box="[1004,1163,1423,1448]" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" refString="Langton, P. H. (1984) A key to pupal exuviae of British Chironomidae. Private publication, March, Cambridgeshire, 324 pp." type="book" year="1984">Langton 1984</bibRefCitation>
|
||
, pl. 17a).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BB0334FFFD90F04ABDDFA6B040CF9E3" blockId="10.[151,1436,151,1556]" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">
|
||
We re-examined also the
|
||
<typeStatus id="54B48DEDFFD90F04AAFBFA6C0304FA3B" box="[483,581,1459,1483]" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
|
||
male of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0F48CCFFD90F04A9B1FA6B021FFA3B" box="[681,862,1459,1483]" class="Insecta" family="Chironomidae" genus="Paramerina" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="kurobekogata">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97BEF5DFFD90F04A9B1FA6B021FFA3B" box="[681,862,1459,1483]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">P. kurobekogata</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
. The male is characterized by the low value (0.79) of antennal ratio, the distinct four scutal vittae, and the yellow abdominal tergites I, II, V and IX, as noted in its original description (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EF9E4EBEFFD90F04AA98FA2403D0F9E3" author="Sasa" box="[384,657,1531,1555]" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" refString="Sasa, M. & Okazawa, T. (1992 a) Studies on the chironomid midges (yusurika) of Kurobe River. In: Some Characteristics of Nature Conservation within the Chief Rivers in Toyama Prefecture (The Upper Reach of Kurobe River). Toyama Prefectural Environmental Pollution Research Center, Kosugi, pp. 40 - 91." type="book chapter" year="1992" yearSuffix="a">Sasa & Okazawa 1992a</bibRefCitation>
|
||
). The species is undoubtedly a junior synonym of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0F48CCFFD90F04AFDCFA230407F9E3" box="[1220,1350,1531,1555]" class="Insecta" family="Chironomidae" genus="Monopelopia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="okigenga">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97BEF5DFFD90F04AFDCFA230407F9E3" box="[1220,1350,1531,1555]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">P. okigenga</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |