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<mods:title id="41A924DA8F63D7936B2EF38997806FB3">A review of the families and genera of the hyperiidean amphipod superfamily Phronimoidea Bowman &amp; Gruner, 1973 (Crustacea: Amphipoda: Hyperiidea)</mods:title>
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<treatment id="03931615EC69FFEBFEDFFEE3FC1EFCB8" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5517896" ID-GBIF-Taxon="184952225" ID-Zenodo-Dep="5517896" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03931615EC69FFEBFEDFFEE3FC1EFCB8" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/03931615EC69FFEBFEDFFEE3FC1EFCB8" lastPageId="26" lastPageNumber="27" pageId="25" pageNumber="26">
<subSubSection id="C320F488EC69FFE8FEDFFEE3FCBCFE9B" box="[264,814,283,310]" pageId="25" pageNumber="26" type="nomenclature">
<paragraph id="8B85A703EC69FFE8FEDFFEE3FCBCFE9B" blockId="25.[264,814,283,310]" box="[264,814,283,310]" pageId="25" pageNumber="26">
<heading id="D0CD106FEC69FFE8FEDFFEE3FCBCFE9B" bold="true" box="[264,814,283,310]" fontSize="11" level="1" pageId="25" pageNumber="26" reason="1">
<emphasis id="B94E7B11EC69FFE8FEDFFEE3FCBCFE9B" bold="true" box="[264,814,283,310]" pageId="25" pageNumber="26">
Genus
<taxonomicName id="4C3ADC80EC69FFE8FE88FEE4FDA7FE9B" ID-CoL="7P5KS" authority="Latreille" authorityName="Latreille" authorityYear="1823" box="[351,565,283,310]" class="Malacostraca" family="Hyperiidae" genus="Hyperia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Amphipoda" pageId="25" pageNumber="26" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B94E7B11EC69FFE8FE88FEE4FE53FE98" bold="true" box="[351,449,284,310]" italics="true" pageId="25" pageNumber="26">Hyperia</emphasis>
Latreille
</taxonomicName>
, in
<bibRefCitation id="EFABDAF2EC69FFE8FDB5FEE3FCBCFE9B" author="Desmarest, A-G." box="[610,814,283,309]" pageId="25" pageNumber="26" pagination="138 - 425" refId="ref25627" refString="Desmarest, A-G. (1823) Malacostraces. In: Dictionnaire des Sciences Naturelles, 28. Paris &amp; Strasbourg, pp. 138 - 425." type="book chapter" year="1823">Desmarest, 1823</bibRefCitation>
</emphasis>
</heading>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C320F488EC69FFEBFEDFFE9FFC1EFCB8" lastPageId="26" lastPageNumber="27" pageId="25" pageNumber="26" type="discussion">
<paragraph id="8B85A703EC69FFE8FEDFFE9FFEFCFE2E" blockId="25.[264,1324,359,1905]" box="[264,366,359,384]" pageId="25" pageNumber="26">
<emphasis id="B94E7B11EC69FFE8FEDFFE9FFEFCFE2E" box="[264,366,359,384]" italics="true" pageId="25" pageNumber="26">Remarks</emphasis>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B85A703EC69FFE8FEEFFE77FC7DFDE7" blockId="25.[264,1324,359,1905]" pageId="25" pageNumber="26">
This genus has been revised by Bowman (1973), who provides a key and very useful illustrations for each species. Bowman recognised eight species, one of which,
<taxonomicName id="4C3ADC80EC69FFE8FB66FE4FFE49FE57" authority="Spandl, 1927" authorityName="Spandl" authorityYear="1927" class="Malacostraca" family="Phrosinidae" genus="Primno" kingdom="Animalia" order="Amphipoda" pageId="25" pageNumber="26" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="antarctica">
<emphasis id="B94E7B11EC69FFE8FB66FE4FFEA6FE56" italics="true" pageId="25" pageNumber="26">H. antarctica</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="EFABDAF2EC69FFE8FEEBFE27FE49FE57" author="Spandl, H." box="[316,475,479,505]" pageId="25" pageNumber="26" pagination="145 - 287" refId="ref30021" refString="Spandl, H. (1927) Die Hyperiiden (exkl. Hyperiidea Gammaroidea und Phronimidae) der Deutschen Sudpolar-Expedition 1901 - 1903. Deutsche Sudpolar-Expedition 1901 - 1903, Band 19, Zoologie, 11, 145 - 287, pl. 10." type="journal article" year="1927">Spandl, 1927</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
, is now regarded a synonym of
<taxonomicName id="4C3ADC80EC69FFE8FC8FFE27FEC2FD8F" authority="Bovallius, 1889" authorityName="Bovallius" authorityYear="1889" class="Malacostraca" family="Hyperiidae" genus="Hyperia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Amphipoda" pageId="25" pageNumber="26" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="spinigera">
<emphasis id="B94E7B11EC69FFE8FC8FFE27FC7EFE56" box="[856,1004,479,504]" italics="true" pageId="25" pageNumber="26">H. spinigera</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="EFABDAF2EC69FFE8FC23FE27FB3CFE57" author="Bovallius, C." box="[1012,1198,479,505]" pageId="25" pageNumber="26" pagination="1 - 434" refId="ref24248" refString="Bovallius, C. (1889) Contributions to a monograph of the Amphipoda Hyperiidea, Part I: 2. The families Cyllopodidae, Paraphronimidae, Thaumatopsidae, Mimonectidae, Hyperiidae, Phronimidae and Anchylomeridae. Kongliga Svenska Vetenskaps-Akademiens Handlingar, 22 (7), 1 - 434, pls 1 - 18." type="journal article" year="1889">Bovallius, 1889</bibRefCitation>
(
<bibRefCitation id="EFABDAF2EC69FFE8FB68FE27FED5FD8F" author="Thurston, M. H." pageId="25" pageNumber="26" pagination="499 - 536" refId="ref30578" refString="Thurston, M. H. (1977) Depth distributions of Hyperia spinigera Bovallius, 1889 (Crustacea: Amphipoda) and medusae in the North Atlantic Ocean, with notes on the associations between Hyperia and coelenterates. In: Angel, M. (Ed) A voyage of discovery: George Deacon 70 th anniversary volume. Pergamon Press Ltd.: Oxford, pp. 499 - 536." type="book chapter" year="1977">Thurston 1977</bibRefCitation>
)
</taxonomicName>
. Two additional species have been described more recently;
<taxonomicName id="4C3ADC80EC69FFE8FBFEFDFFFEE9FDE7" authority="Vinogradov, 1976" authorityName="Vinogradov" authorityYear="1976" class="Malacostraca" family="Phronimidae" genus="Phronima" kingdom="Animalia" order="Amphipoda" pageId="25" pageNumber="26" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="bowmani">
<emphasis id="B94E7B11EC69FFE8FBFEFDFFFB2BFD8E" box="[1065,1209,519,544]" italics="true" pageId="25" pageNumber="26">H. bowmani</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="EFABDAF2EC69FFE8FB14FDFFFEE9FDE7" author="Vinogradov, M. E." pageId="25" pageNumber="26" pagination="130 - 134" refId="ref30924" refString="Vinogradov, M. E. (1976) New species of Hyperiidea (Amphipoda: Hyperiidae) from the tropical Pacific Ocean. Trudy Instituta Okeanologii Akademiya Nauk SSSR 105: 130 - 134. [In Russian]." type="journal article" year="1976">Vinogradov, 1976</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
and
<taxonomicName id="4C3ADC80EC69FFE8FE63FDD7FC79FDE7" authority="Vinogradov &amp; Semenova, 1985" authorityName="Vinogradov &amp; Semenova" authorityYear="1985" box="[436,1003,559,585]" class="Malacostraca" family="Hyperiidae" genus="Hyperia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Amphipoda" pageId="25" pageNumber="26" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="curticephala">
<emphasis id="B94E7B11EC69FFE8FE63FDD7FDFFFDE6" box="[436,621,559,584]" italics="true" pageId="25" pageNumber="26">H. curticephala</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="EFABDAF2EC69FFE8FDA3FDD7FC79FDE7" author="Vinogradov, M. E. &amp; Semenova, T. N." box="[628,1003,559,585]" pageId="25" pageNumber="26" pagination="139 - 143" refId="ref30965" refString="Vinogradov, M. E. &amp; Semenova, T. N. (1985) A new species of the genus Hyperia (Crustacea: Amphipoda) from the coastal waters of Peru. Zoologicheskii Zhurnal, 64 (1), 139 - 143. [In Russian]." type="journal article" year="1985">Vinogradov &amp; Semenova, 1985</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B85A703EC69FFE8FEEFFDAFFEFFFBD7" blockId="25.[264,1324,359,1905]" pageId="25" pageNumber="26">
Recently, I established that
<taxonomicName id="4C3ADC80EC69FFE8FD5CFDAFFBC0FDDF" authority="Fabricius, 1775" authorityName="Fabricius" authorityYear="1775" box="[651,1106,599,625]" class="Malacostraca" family="Oniscidae" genus="Oniscus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Isopoda" pageId="25" pageNumber="26" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="quadricornis">
<emphasis id="B94E7B11EC69FFE8FD5CFDAFFC19FDDE" box="[651,907,599,624]" italics="true" pageId="25" pageNumber="26">Oniscus quadricornis</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="EFABDAF2EC69FFE8FC40FDAFFBC0FDDF" author="Fabricius, J. C." box="[919,1106,599,625]" pageId="25" pageNumber="26" refId="ref25948" refString="Fabricius, J. C. (1775) Systema Entomologiae, sistens Insectorum Classes, Ordines, Genera, Species, adjectis synonymis, locis, descriptionibus, observationibus. Flensbergi et Lipziae." type="book" year="1775">Fabricius, 1775</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
is most likely
<taxonomicName id="4C3ADC80EC69FFE8FAD9FDAFFDDAFD37" authority="(Muller, 1776)" baseAuthorityName="Muller" baseAuthorityYear="1776" class="Malacostraca" family="Hyperiidae" genus="Hyperia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Amphipoda" pageId="25" pageNumber="26" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="medusarum">
<emphasis id="B94E7B11EC69FFE8FAD9FDAFFE03FD36" italics="true" pageId="25" pageNumber="26">H. medusarum</emphasis>
(
<bibRefCitation id="EFABDAF2EC69FFE8FE76FD87FDADFD37" author="Muller, O. F." box="[417,575,639,665]" pageId="25" pageNumber="26" refId="ref28420" refString="Muller, O. F. (1776) Zoologiae Danicae Prodromus seu Animalium Daniae et Norvegiae Indigenarum Characteres, Nomina, et Synonyma Imprimis Popularium. Copenhagen, 282 pp." type="book" year="1776">Müller, 1776</bibRefCitation>
)
</taxonomicName>
, and that the description of Fabricius is based solely on drawings by Sydney Parkinson held in the BMNH (
<bibRefCitation id="EFABDAF2EC69FFE8FCFDFD5FFC55FD6F" author="Zeidler, W." box="[810,967,679,705]" pageId="25" pageNumber="26" pagination="267 - 281" refId="ref31728" refString="Zeidler, W. (1995) The drawings of hyperiid amphipods (Crustacea: Amphipoda: Hyperiidea) by Sydney Parkinson commissioned by Joseph Banks on the Endeavour Voyage 1768 - 1771 held in the Natural History Museum, London. Archives of Natural History, 22 (2), 267 - 281." type="journal article" year="1995">Zeidler 1995</bibRefCitation>
). This species was listed only once in the literature (
<bibRefCitation id="EFABDAF2EC69FFE8FDCEFD37FD5DFD47" author="Fabricius, J. C." box="[537,719,719,745]" pageId="25" pageNumber="26" refId="ref25983" refString="Fabricius, J. C. (1781) Species insectorum exhibentes eorum differentias specificas, synonyma, auctorum, loca natalia, metamorphosin adiectis observationibus, descriptionibus. Tome I. Hamburgi et Kilonii: Carol Ernest Bohnii, VIII + 552 pp." type="book" year="1781">Fabricius 1781</bibRefCitation>
) before
<bibRefCitation id="EFABDAF2EC69FFE8FCEEFD37FC6DFD47" author="Fabricius, J. C." box="[825,1023,719,745]" pageId="25" pageNumber="26" refId="ref26028" refString="Fabricius, J. C. (1787) Mantissa insectorum sistens eorum species nuper detectas adjectis characteribus genericis, differentiis specificis, emendationibus, observationibus. Tome I. Hafniae: Christ. Gottl. Proft., XVI + 348 pp." type="book" year="1787">Fabricius (1787)</bibRefCitation>
realised that his species might be the same as
<taxonomicName id="4C3ADC80EC69FFE8FDD5FD0FFD3FFCBE" baseAuthorityName="Muller" baseAuthorityYear="1776" box="[514,685,759,784]" class="Malacostraca" family="Hyperiidae" genus="Hyperia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Amphipoda" pageId="25" pageNumber="26" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="medusarum">
<emphasis id="B94E7B11EC69FFE8FDD5FD0FFD3FFCBE" box="[514,685,759,784]" italics="true" pageId="25" pageNumber="26">H. medusarum</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
. This synonymy seems to have been accepted by later naturalists but, probably because
<taxonomicName id="4C3ADC80EC69FFE8FD5AFCE7FCD5FC96" authorityName="Fabricius" authorityYear="1775" box="[653,839,799,824]" class="Malacostraca" family="Oniscidae" genus="Oniscus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Isopoda" pageId="25" pageNumber="26" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="quadricornis">
<emphasis id="B94E7B11EC69FFE8FD5AFCE7FCD5FC96" box="[653,839,799,824]" italics="true" pageId="25" pageNumber="26">O. quadricornis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
was an inadequately described species, it was not recognised as the senior synonym.
<bibRefCitation id="EFABDAF2EC69FFE8FCC6FCBFFC5CFCCF" author="Stebbing, T. R. R." box="[785,974,839,865]" pageId="25" pageNumber="26" pagination="1 - 1737" refId="ref30066" refString="Stebbing, T. R. R. (1888) Report on the Amphipoda collected by H. M. S. ' Challenger' during the years 1873 - 1876. Report on the Scientific Results of the Voyage of H. M. S. ' Challenger' during the years 1873 - 76 Zoology, 29, i - xxiv + 1 - 1737, pls 1 - 210." type="journal article" year="1888">Stebbing (1888)</bibRefCitation>
also accepted the above synonymy but, like his predecessors, did not realise that Fabriciuss species was first published in 1775 and thus has priority. Similarly
<bibRefCitation id="EFABDAF2EC69FFE8FCF1FC6FFC78FC1F" author="Bovallius, C." box="[806,1002,919,945]" pageId="25" pageNumber="26" pagination="1 - 434" refId="ref24248" refString="Bovallius, C. (1889) Contributions to a monograph of the Amphipoda Hyperiidea, Part I: 2. The families Cyllopodidae, Paraphronimidae, Thaumatopsidae, Mimonectidae, Hyperiidae, Phronimidae and Anchylomeridae. Kongliga Svenska Vetenskaps-Akademiens Handlingar, 22 (7), 1 - 434, pls 1 - 18." type="journal article" year="1889">Bovallius (1889)</bibRefCitation>
gives a list of synonyms of
<taxonomicName id="4C3ADC80EC69FFE8FEDFFC47FE2AFC76" baseAuthorityName="Muller" baseAuthorityYear="1776" box="[264,440,959,984]" class="Malacostraca" family="Hyperiidae" genus="Hyperia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Amphipoda" pageId="25" pageNumber="26" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="medusarum">
<emphasis id="B94E7B11EC69FFE8FEDFFC47FE2AFC76" box="[264,440,959,984]" italics="true" pageId="25" pageNumber="26">H. medusarum</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
but erroneously cites
<taxonomicName id="4C3ADC80EC69FFE8FD1EFC47FBC2FC77" authority="Fabricius, 1781" authorityName="Fabricius" authorityYear="1781" box="[713,1104,959,985]" class="Malacostraca" family="Oniscidae" genus="Oniscus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Isopoda" pageId="25" pageNumber="26" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="quadricornis">
<emphasis id="B94E7B11EC69FFE8FD1EFC47FC1AFC76" box="[713,904,959,984]" italics="true" pageId="25" pageNumber="26">O. quadricornis</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="EFABDAF2EC69FFE8FC44FC47FBC2FC77" author="Fabricius, J. C." box="[915,1104,959,985]" pageId="25" pageNumber="26" refId="ref25983" refString="Fabricius, J. C. (1781) Species insectorum exhibentes eorum differentias specificas, synonyma, auctorum, loca natalia, metamorphosin adiectis observationibus, descriptionibus. Tome I. Hamburgi et Kilonii: Carol Ernest Bohnii, VIII + 552 pp." type="book" year="1781">Fabricius, 1781</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
. Although Fabriciuss name has priority his species cannot be determined with certainty and the name has not been in use since 1781 (
<bibRefCitation id="EFABDAF2EC69FFE8FD86FBF7FC95FB87" author="Fabricius, J. C." box="[593,775,1039,1065]" pageId="25" pageNumber="26" refId="ref25983" refString="Fabricius, J. C. (1781) Species insectorum exhibentes eorum differentias specificas, synonyma, auctorum, loca natalia, metamorphosin adiectis observationibus, descriptionibus. Tome I. Hamburgi et Kilonii: Carol Ernest Bohnii, VIII + 552 pp." type="book" year="1781">Fabricius 1781</bibRefCitation>
).
<taxonomicName id="4C3ADC80EC69FFE8FCF3FBF7FB86FB86" baseAuthorityName="Muller" baseAuthorityYear="1776" box="[804,1044,1039,1064]" class="Malacostraca" family="Hyperiidae" genus="Hyperia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Amphipoda" pageId="25" pageNumber="26" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="medusarum">
<emphasis id="B94E7B11EC69FFE8FCF3FBF7FB86FB86" box="[804,1044,1039,1064]" italics="true" pageId="25" pageNumber="26">Hyperia medusarum</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, on the other hand, is a well­established species and the name should be maintained to conserve nomenclatural stability.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B85A703EC69FFE8FEEFFB7FFBE7F957" blockId="25.[264,1324,359,1905]" pageId="25" pageNumber="26">
Subsequently a
<typeStatus id="548119A1EC69FFE8FE22FB7FFDC2FB0F" box="[501,592,1159,1185]" pageId="25" pageNumber="26" type="syntype">syntype</typeStatus>
of
<taxonomicName id="4C3ADC80EC69FFE8FDACFB7FFBDCFB0F" authority="Milne-Edwards, 1830" authorityName="Milne-Edwards" authorityYear="1830" box="[635,1102,1159,1185]" class="Malacostraca" family="Hyperiidae" genus="Hyperia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Amphipoda" pageId="25" pageNumber="26" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="latreillii">
<emphasis id="B94E7B11EC69FFE8FDACFB7FFCD1FB0E" box="[635,835,1159,1184]" italics="true" pageId="25" pageNumber="26">Hyperia latreillii</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="EFABDAF2EC69FFE8FC9BFB7FFBDCFB0F" author="Milne-Edwards, H." box="[844,1102,1159,1185]" pageId="25" pageNumber="26" pagination="353 - 399" refId="ref28202" refString="Milne-Edwards, H. (1830) Extrait de recherches pour servir a l'histoire naturelle des Crustaces Amphipodes. Annales des Sciences Naturelles, 20, 353 - 399, pls 10, 11." type="book chapter" year="1830">Milne­Edwards, 1830</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
(later corrected to
<taxonomicName id="4C3ADC80EC69FFE8FEDFFB57FE03FB66" authorityName="Stebbing, 1888: 1445 -" authorityYear="1447" box="[264,401,1199,1224]" class="Malacostraca" family="Phrosinidae" genus="Primno" kingdom="Animalia" order="Amphipoda" pageId="25" pageNumber="26" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="latreillei">
<emphasis id="B94E7B11EC69FFE8FEDFFB57FE03FB66" box="[264,401,1199,1224]" italics="true" pageId="25" pageNumber="26">H. latreillei</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
) was discovered in the ANSP (CA 2697), in the Guérin­Méneville collection (No. 431) (
<bibRefCitation id="EFABDAF2EC69FFE8FE5DFB2FFDBAFB5F" author="Zeidler, W." box="[394,552,1239,1265]" pageId="25" pageNumber="26" pagination="121 - 146" refId="ref31784" refString="Zeidler, W. (1997) The hyperiid amphipod specimens in the Guerin-Meneville collection surviving in the collections of the Academy of Natural Sciences of Philadelphia (Crustacea: Amphipoda: Hyperiidea). Proceedings of the Academy of Natural Sciences of Philadelphia, 148, 121 - 146." type="journal article" year="1997">Zeidler 1997</bibRefCitation>
). The specimen was identified tentatively as
<taxonomicName id="4C3ADC80EC69FFE8FB96FB2FFEDDFAB7" authority="(Montagu, 1813)" baseAuthorityName="Montagu" baseAuthorityYear="1813" class="Malacostraca" family="Hyperiidae" genus="Hyperia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Amphipoda" pageId="25" pageNumber="26" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="galba">
<emphasis id="B94E7B11EC69FFE8FB96FB2FFB3AFB5E" box="[1089,1192,1239,1264]" italics="true" pageId="25" pageNumber="26">H. galba</emphasis>
(Montagu, 1813)
</taxonomicName>
, rather than the closely related species
<taxonomicName id="4C3ADC80EC69FFE8FCF2FB07FC40FAB6" baseAuthorityName="Muller" baseAuthorityYear="1776" box="[805,978,1279,1304]" class="Malacostraca" family="Hyperiidae" genus="Hyperia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Amphipoda" pageId="25" pageNumber="26" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="medusarum">
<emphasis id="B94E7B11EC69FFE8FCF2FB07FC40FAB6" box="[805,978,1279,1304]" italics="true" pageId="25" pageNumber="26">H. medusarum</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, with which
<taxonomicName id="4C3ADC80EC69FFE8FBA6FB07FB69FAB6" authorityName="Stebbing, 1888: 1445 -" authorityYear="1447" box="[1137,1275,1279,1304]" class="Malacostraca" family="Phrosinidae" genus="Primno" kingdom="Animalia" order="Amphipoda" pageId="25" pageNumber="26" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="latreillei">
<emphasis id="B94E7B11EC69FFE8FBA6FB07FB69FAB6" box="[1137,1275,1279,1304]" italics="true" pageId="25" pageNumber="26">H. latreillei</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
has been synonymised in the past (Bowman 1973).
<bibRefCitation id="EFABDAF2EC69FFE8FCB1FADFFBE4FAEF" author="Milne-Edwards, H." box="[870,1142,1319,1345]" pageId="25" pageNumber="26" pagination="353 - 399" refId="ref28202" refString="Milne-Edwards, H. (1830) Extrait de recherches pour servir a l'histoire naturelle des Crustaces Amphipodes. Annales des Sciences Naturelles, 20, 353 - 399, pls 10, 11." type="book chapter" year="1830">Milne­Edwards (1830)</bibRefCitation>
gave the type locality of his species as the Bay of Biscay. But
<taxonomicName id="4C3ADC80EC69FFE8FCE8FAB7FC78FAC6" baseAuthorityName="Muller" baseAuthorityYear="1776" box="[831,1002,1359,1384]" class="Malacostraca" family="Hyperiidae" genus="Hyperia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Amphipoda" pageId="25" pageNumber="26" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="medusarum">
<emphasis id="B94E7B11EC69FFE8FCE8FAB7FC78FAC6" box="[831,1002,1359,1384]" italics="true" pageId="25" pageNumber="26">H. medusarum</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
is a more northerly species than
<taxonomicName id="4C3ADC80EC69FFE8FE93FA8FFE3EFA3E" baseAuthorityName="Montagu" baseAuthorityYear="1813" box="[324,428,1399,1424]" class="Malacostraca" family="Hyperiidae" genus="Hyperia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Amphipoda" pageId="25" pageNumber="26" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="galba">
<emphasis id="B94E7B11EC69FFE8FE93FA8FFE3EFA3E" box="[324,428,1399,1424]" italics="true" pageId="25" pageNumber="26">H. galba</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, being confined to the northern part of the North Sea (
<bibRefCitation id="EFABDAF2EC69FFE8FBECFA8FFA8CFA3F" author="Schellenberg, A." box="[1083,1310,1399,1425]" pageId="25" pageNumber="26" pagination="1 - 252" refId="ref29069" refString="Schellenberg, A. (1942) Krebstiere oder Crustacea, IV: Flohkrebse oder Amphipoda. In: Die Tiewelt Deutschlands. 40. Jena, pp. 1 - 252." type="book chapter" year="1942">Schellenberg 1942</bibRefCitation>
), and extending south to about
<geoCoordinate id="EE0EC1C4EC69FFE8FD88FA67FD0DFA17" box="[607,671,1439,1465]" degrees="52" direction="north" orientation="latitude" pageId="25" pageNumber="26" precision="55555" value="52.0">52°N</geoCoordinate>
, off the west coast of
<collectingCountry id="F32DE793EC69FFE8FC4BFA67FC60FA17" box="[924,1010,1439,1465]" name="Ireland" pageId="25" pageNumber="26">Ireland</collectingCountry>
, but with a single record at
<geoCoordinate id="EE0EC1C4EC69FFE8FEDFFA3FFEDBFA4F" box="[264,329,1479,1505]" degrees="48" direction="north" orientation="latitude" pageId="25" pageNumber="26" precision="55555" value="48.0">48°N</geoCoordinate>
, southwest of
<collectingCountry id="F32DE793EC69FFE8FE26FA3FFDD6FA4F" box="[497,580,1479,1505]" name="Ireland" pageId="25" pageNumber="26">Ireland</collectingCountry>
(
<bibRefCitation id="EFABDAF2EC69FFE8FD83FA3FFCB3FA4F" author="Stephensen, K." box="[596,801,1479,1505]" pageId="25" pageNumber="26" pagination="71 - 149" refId="ref30254" refString="Stephensen, K. (1924) Hyperiidea-Amphipoda (Part 2: Paraphronimidae, Hyperiidae, Dairellidae, Phronimidae, Anchylomeridae). Report on the Danish Oceanographical Expeditions 1908 - 10 to the Mediterranean and Adjacent Seas, 2 (Biology-D 4), 71 - 149." type="journal article" year="1924">Stephensen 1924</bibRefCitation>
).
<taxonomicName id="4C3ADC80EC69FFE8FCEBFA3FFC75FA4E" baseAuthorityName="Montagu" baseAuthorityYear="1813" box="[828,999,1479,1504]" class="Malacostraca" family="Hyperiidae" genus="Hyperia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Amphipoda" pageId="25" pageNumber="26" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="galba">
<emphasis id="B94E7B11EC69FFE8FCEBFA3FFC75FA4E" box="[828,999,1479,1504]" italics="true" pageId="25" pageNumber="26">Hyperia galba</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, on the other hand, extends farther south in the Atlantic than
<taxonomicName id="4C3ADC80EC69FFE8FD76FA17FCC2F9A6" baseAuthorityName="Muller" baseAuthorityYear="1776" box="[673,848,1519,1544]" class="Malacostraca" family="Hyperiidae" genus="Hyperia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Amphipoda" pageId="25" pageNumber="26" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="medusarum">
<emphasis id="B94E7B11EC69FFE8FD76FA17FCC2F9A6" box="[673,848,1519,1544]" italics="true" pageId="25" pageNumber="26">H. medusarum</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, reaching at least to the latitude of the coast of
<collectingCountry id="F32DE793EC69FFE8FEBCF9EFFE3CF99F" box="[363,430,1559,1585]" name="Spain" pageId="25" pageNumber="26">Spain</collectingCountry>
(
<bibRefCitation id="EFABDAF2EC69FFE8FE69F9EFFDE1F99F" author="Alvarado, R." box="[446,627,1559,1585]" pageId="25" pageNumber="26" pagination="219 - 220" refId="ref23775" refString="Alvarado, R. (1955) El &quot; Cangrejito &quot; de las Medusas. Boletin de la Real Sociedad Espanola de Historia Natural, 53, 219 - 220." type="journal article" year="1955">Alvarado 1955</bibRefCitation>
). Assuming that the locality data for
<taxonomicName id="4C3ADC80EC69FFE8FBF9F9EFFB24F99E" authorityName="Stebbing, 1888: 1445 -" authorityYear="1447" box="[1070,1206,1559,1584]" class="Malacostraca" family="Phrosinidae" genus="Primno" kingdom="Animalia" order="Amphipoda" pageId="25" pageNumber="26" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="latreillei">
<emphasis id="B94E7B11EC69FFE8FBF9F9EFFB24F99E" box="[1070,1206,1559,1584]" italics="true" pageId="25" pageNumber="26">H. latreillei</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, given by
<bibRefCitation id="EFABDAF2EC69FFE8FEDFF9C7FD85F9F7" author="Milne-Edwards, H." box="[264,535,1599,1625]" pageId="25" pageNumber="26" pagination="353 - 399" refId="ref28202" refString="Milne-Edwards, H. (1830) Extrait de recherches pour servir a l'histoire naturelle des Crustaces Amphipodes. Annales des Sciences Naturelles, 20, 353 - 399, pls 10, 11." type="book chapter" year="1830">Milne­Edwards (1830)</bibRefCitation>
, is correct then his species is more likely to be
<taxonomicName id="4C3ADC80EC69FFE8FB91F9C7FB3FF9F6" baseAuthorityName="Montagu" baseAuthorityYear="1813" box="[1094,1197,1599,1624]" class="Malacostraca" family="Hyperiidae" genus="Hyperia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Amphipoda" pageId="25" pageNumber="26" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="galba">
<emphasis id="B94E7B11EC69FFE8FB91F9C7FB3FF9F6" box="[1094,1197,1599,1624]" italics="true" pageId="25" pageNumber="26">H. galba</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, as is supported by the examination of the
<typeStatus id="548119A1EC69FFE8FD4DF99FFD6BF92F" box="[666,761,1639,1665]" pageId="25" pageNumber="26" type="syntype">syntype</typeStatus>
. Thus, in the absence of contrary evidence
<taxonomicName id="4C3ADC80EC69FFE8FAD9F99FFEFEF906" authorityName="Stebbing, 1888: 1445 -" authorityYear="1447" class="Malacostraca" family="Phrosinidae" genus="Primno" kingdom="Animalia" order="Amphipoda" pageId="25" pageNumber="26" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="latreillei">
<emphasis id="B94E7B11EC69FFE8FAD9F99FFEFEF906" italics="true" pageId="25" pageNumber="26">H. latreillei</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
should be considered a synonym of
<taxonomicName id="4C3ADC80EC69FFE8FCFCF977FC06F906" baseAuthorityName="Montagu" baseAuthorityYear="1813" box="[811,916,1679,1704]" class="Malacostraca" family="Hyperiidae" genus="Hyperia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Amphipoda" pageId="25" pageNumber="26" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="galba">
<emphasis id="B94E7B11EC69FFE8FCFCF977FC06F906" box="[811,916,1679,1704]" italics="true" pageId="25" pageNumber="26">H. galba</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
rather than
<taxonomicName id="4C3ADC80EC69FFE8FBFFF977FB45F906" baseAuthorityName="Muller" baseAuthorityYear="1776" box="[1064,1239,1679,1704]" class="Malacostraca" family="Hyperiidae" genus="Hyperia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Amphipoda" pageId="25" pageNumber="26" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="medusarum">
<emphasis id="B94E7B11EC69FFE8FBFFF977FB45F906" box="[1064,1239,1679,1704]" italics="true" pageId="25" pageNumber="26">H. medusarum</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
as has been assumed by Bowman (1973).
<bibRefCitation id="EFABDAF2EC69FFE8FD13F94FFCC1F97F" author="Sars, G. O." box="[708,851,1719,1745]" pageId="25" pageNumber="26" refId="ref28985" refString="Sars, G. O. (1895) Amphipoda. In: An account of the Crustacea of Norway with short descriptions and figures of all the species. 1: viii + 711 pp., 240 pls, 8 supplementary pls. Alb. Cammermeyer, Kristiana." type="book" year="1895">Sars (1895)</bibRefCitation>
,
<bibRefCitation id="EFABDAF2EC69FFE8FCB4F94FFB8DF97F" author="Norman, C." box="[867,1055,1719,1745]" pageId="25" pageNumber="26" pagination="126 - 144" refId="ref28506" refString="Norman, C. (1900) British Amphipoda of the Tribe Hyperiidea and the families Orchestiidae and some Lysianassidae. Annals and Magazine of Natural History, 7 (5), 126 - 144." type="journal article" year="1900">Norman (1900)</bibRefCitation>
, Tattersall (1906) and
<bibRefCitation id="EFABDAF2EC69FFE8FEDFF927FDD3F957" author="Chevreux, E. &amp; Fage, L." box="[264,577,1759,1785]" pageId="25" pageNumber="26" pagination="1 - 488" refId="ref25071" refString="Chevreux, E. &amp; Fage, L. (1925) Amphipodes. Faune de France, 9, 1 - 488, 438 figs." type="book chapter" year="1925">Chevreux and Fage (1925)</bibRefCitation>
also regard
<taxonomicName id="4C3ADC80EC69FFE8FD06F927FCCBF956" authorityName="Stebbing, 1888: 1445 -" authorityYear="1447" box="[721,857,1759,1784]" class="Malacostraca" family="Phrosinidae" genus="Primno" kingdom="Animalia" order="Amphipoda" pageId="25" pageNumber="26" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="latreillei">
<emphasis id="B94E7B11EC69FFE8FD06F927FCCBF956" box="[721,857,1759,1784]" italics="true" pageId="25" pageNumber="26">H. latreillei</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
a synonym of
<taxonomicName id="4C3ADC80EC69FFE8FBD0F927FBFCF956" baseAuthorityName="Montagu" baseAuthorityYear="1813" box="[1031,1134,1759,1784]" class="Malacostraca" family="Hyperiidae" genus="Hyperia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Amphipoda" pageId="25" pageNumber="26" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="galba">
<emphasis id="B94E7B11EC69FFE8FBD0F927FBFCF956" box="[1031,1134,1759,1784]" italics="true" pageId="25" pageNumber="26">H. galba</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B85A703EC69FFEBFEEFF8FFFC51FE28" blockId="25.[264,1324,359,1905]" lastBlockId="26.[264,1323,284,790]" lastPageId="26" lastPageNumber="27" pageId="25" pageNumber="26">
The gelatinous plankton associates of
<taxonomicName id="4C3ADC80EC69FFE8FCDCF8FFFCF9F88E" authorityName="Latreille" authorityYear="1823" box="[779,875,1799,1824]" class="Malacostraca" family="Hyperiidae" genus="Hyperia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Amphipoda" pageId="25" pageNumber="26" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B94E7B11EC69FFE8FCDCF8FFFCF9F88E" box="[779,875,1799,1824]" italics="true" pageId="25" pageNumber="26">Hyperia</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
are summarised by
<bibRefCitation id="EFABDAF2EC69FFE8FBB0F8FFFAB8F88F" author="Thurston, M. H." box="[1127,1322,1799,1825]" pageId="25" pageNumber="26" pagination="499 - 536" refId="ref30578" refString="Thurston, M. H. (1977) Depth distributions of Hyperia spinigera Bovallius, 1889 (Crustacea: Amphipoda) and medusae in the North Atlantic Ocean, with notes on the associations between Hyperia and coelenterates. In: Angel, M. (Ed) A voyage of discovery: George Deacon 70 th anniversary volume. Pergamon Press Ltd.: Oxford, pp. 499 - 536." type="book chapter" year="1977">Thurston (1977)</bibRefCitation>
and
<bibRefCitation id="EFABDAF2EC69FFE8FEEDF8D7FE44F8E7" author="Laval, P." box="[314,470,1839,1865]" pageId="25" pageNumber="26" pagination="11 - 56" refId="ref27842" refString="Laval, P. (1980) Hyperiid amphipods as crustacean parasitoids associated with gelatinous plankton. Oceanography and Marine Biology, Annual Review, 18, 11 - 56." type="journal article" year="1980">Laval (1980)</bibRefCitation>
. Most are with medusae, and
<bibRefCitation id="EFABDAF2EC69FFE8FCEDF8D7FC40F8E7" author="Laval, P." box="[826,978,1839,1865]" pageId="25" pageNumber="26" pagination="11 - 56" refId="ref27842" refString="Laval, P. (1980) Hyperiid amphipods as crustacean parasitoids associated with gelatinous plankton. Oceanography and Marine Biology, Annual Review, 18, 11 - 56." type="journal article" year="1980">Laval (1980)</bibRefCitation>
even suggests that records of associations with other gelatinous plantation such as salps and ctenophores may be erroneous. However, the association of
<taxonomicName id="4C3ADC80EC6AFFEBFD76FEE4FBFEFE98" authority="Milne-Edwards, 1840" authorityName="Milne-Edwards" authorityYear="1840" box="[673,1132,284,310]" class="Malacostraca" family="Hyperiidae" genus="Hyperia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Amphipoda" pageId="26" pageNumber="27" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="gaudichaudii">
<emphasis id="B94E7B11EC6AFFEBFD76FEE4FCF3FE9B" box="[673,865,284,309]" italics="true" pageId="26" pageNumber="27">H. gaudichaudii</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="EFABDAF2EC6AFFEBFCBCFEE4FBFEFE98" author="Milne-Edwards, H." box="[875,1132,284,310]" pageId="26" pageNumber="27" pagination="1 - 42" refId="ref28237" refString="Milne-Edwards, H. (1840) Histoire naturelle des Crustaces, comprenant l'anatomie, la physiologie, et la classification de ces animaux. Tome 3. Paris, 638 pp., pls 1 - 42." type="book chapter" year="1840">Milne­Edwards, 1840</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
with the ctenophore,
<taxonomicName id="4C3ADC80EC6AFFEBFE8DFEBCFE5AFEF0" box="[346,456,324,350]" class="Nuda" family="Beroidae" genus="Beroe" kingdom="Animalia" order="Beroida" pageId="26" pageNumber="27" phylum="Ctenophora" rank="species" species="undetermined">
<emphasis id="B94E7B11EC6AFFEBFE8DFEBCFE0DFEF3" box="[346,415,324,349]" italics="true" pageId="26" pageNumber="27">Beroe</emphasis>
sp.
</taxonomicName>
has been confirmed recently, and previous records of similar associations should not be dismissed (
<bibRefCitation id="EFABDAF2EC6AFFEBFDE7FE94FC25FE28" author="Zeidler, W. &amp; Gowlett-Holmes, K. L." box="[560,951,364,390]" pageId="26" pageNumber="27" pagination="117 - 118" refId="ref31897" refString="Zeidler, W. &amp; Gowlett-Holmes, K. L. (1998) Confirmation of the association of the hyperiidean amphipod genus Hyperia (Crustacea: Amphipoda: Hyperiidea: Hyperiidae) with ctenophores. Records of the South Australian Museum ,, 31 (1), 117 - 118." type="journal article" year="1998">Zeidler &amp; Gowlett­Holmes 1998</bibRefCitation>
).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B85A703EC6AFFEBFEEFFE6CFE61FD88" blockId="26.[264,1323,284,790]" pageId="26" pageNumber="27">
Apart from Bowman (1973) and
<bibRefCitation id="EFABDAF2EC6AFFEBFD07FE6CFCE2FE00" author="Laval, P." box="[720,880,404,430]" pageId="26" pageNumber="27" pagination="11 - 56" refId="ref27842" refString="Laval, P. (1980) Hyperiid amphipods as crustacean parasitoids associated with gelatinous plankton. Oceanography and Marine Biology, Annual Review, 18, 11 - 56." type="journal article" year="1980">Laval (1980)</bibRefCitation>
, additional biological information is provided for
<taxonomicName id="4C3ADC80EC6AFFEBFE71FE44FD82FE7B" baseAuthorityName="Montagu" baseAuthorityYear="1813" box="[422,528,444,469]" class="Malacostraca" family="Hyperiidae" genus="Hyperia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Amphipoda" pageId="26" pageNumber="27" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="galba">
<emphasis id="B94E7B11EC6AFFEBFE71FE44FD82FE7B" box="[422,528,444,469]" italics="true" pageId="26" pageNumber="27">H. galba</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
by
<bibRefCitation id="EFABDAF2EC6AFFEBFD96FE44FCDEFE78" author="Bowman, T. E. &amp; Meyers, C. D. &amp; Hicks, S. D." box="[577,844,444,470]" pageId="26" pageNumber="27" pagination="141 - 146" refId="ref24607" refString="Bowman, T. E., Meyers, C. D. &amp; Hicks, S. D. (1963) Notes on associations between hyperiid amphipods and medusae in Chesapeake and Nurragansett Bays and the Niantic River. Chesapeake Science, 4 (3), 141 - 146." type="journal article" year="1963">
Bowman
<emphasis id="B94E7B11EC6AFFEBFD63FE44FD60FE7B" box="[692,754,444,469]" italics="true" pageId="26" pageNumber="27">et al.</emphasis>
(1963)
</bibRefCitation>
,
<bibRefCitation id="EFABDAF2EC6AFFEBFC8CFE44FC7DFE78" author="Metz, P." box="[859,1007,444,470]" pageId="26" pageNumber="27" pagination="85 - 108" refId="ref28156" refString="Metz, P. (1967) On the relations between Hyperia galba Montagu (Amphipoda, Hyperiidae) and its host Aurelia aurita in the Isefjord area (Sjaelland, Denmark). Videnskabelige Meddelelser fra Dansk Naturhistorisk Forening 130, 85 - 108." type="journal article" year="1967">Metz (1967)</bibRefCitation>
and
<bibRefCitation id="EFABDAF2EC6AFFEBFBFAFE44FB4BFE78" author="Dittrich, B. U." box="[1069,1241,444,470]" pageId="26" pageNumber="27" pagination="217 - 232" refId="ref25740" refString="Dittrich, B. U. (1987) Post embryonic development of the parasitic amphipod Hyperia galba. Helgolander Meeresuntersuchungen, Helgolander Meeresunters, 41, 217 - 232." type="journal article" year="1987">Dittrich (1987</bibRefCitation>
,
<bibRefCitation id="EFABDAF2EC6AFFEBFB3FFE44FAB7FE78" author="Dittrich, B. U." box="[1256,1317,444,470]" pageId="26" pageNumber="27" pagination="79 - 98" refId="ref25771" refString="Dittrich, B. U. (1988) Studies on the life cycle and reproduction of the parasitic amphipod Hyperia galba in the North Sea. Helgolander Meeresuntersuchungen, Helgolander Meeresunters, 42, 79 - 98." type="journal article" year="1988">1988</bibRefCitation>
,
<bibRefCitation id="EFABDAF2EC6AFFEBFEDFFE1CFED4FE50" author="Dittrich, B. U." box="[264,326,484,510]" pageId="26" pageNumber="27" pagination="11 - 18" refId="ref25810" refString="Dittrich, B. U. (1992) Functional morphology of the mouthparts and feeding strategies of the parasitic amphipod Hyperia galba (Montagu, 1813). Sarsia, 77, 11 - 18." type="journal article" year="1992">1992</bibRefCitation>
), for
<taxonomicName id="4C3ADC80EC6AFFEBFE53FE1CFDDCFE53" baseAuthorityName="Dana" baseAuthorityYear="1853" box="[388,590,484,509]" class="Malacostraca" family="Hyperiidae" genus="Hyperia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Amphipoda" pageId="26" pageNumber="27" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="macrocephala">
<emphasis id="B94E7B11EC6AFFEBFE53FE1CFDDCFE53" box="[388,590,484,509]" italics="true" pageId="26" pageNumber="27">H. macrocephala</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
by
<bibRefCitation id="EFABDAF2EC6AFFEBFDAEFE1CFC10FE50" author="White, M. G. &amp; Bone, D. G." box="[633,898,484,510]" pageId="26" pageNumber="27" pagination="39 - 49" refId="ref31330" refString="White, M. G. &amp; Bone, D. G. (1972) The interrelationship of Hyperia galba (Crustacea: Amphipoda) and Desmonema gaudichaudi (Scyphomedusae: Semaeostomae) from the Antarctic. British Antarctic Survey Bulletin, No. 27, 39 - 49." type="book chapter" year="1972">White and Bone (1972</bibRefCitation>
as
<taxonomicName id="4C3ADC80EC6AFFEBFC68FE1CFBB7FE53" baseAuthorityName="Montagu" baseAuthorityYear="1813" box="[959,1061,484,509]" class="Malacostraca" family="Hyperiidae" genus="Hyperia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Amphipoda" pageId="26" pageNumber="27" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="galba">
<emphasis id="B94E7B11EC6AFFEBFC68FE1CFBB7FE53" box="[959,1061,484,509]" italics="true" pageId="26" pageNumber="27">H. galba</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
), and for
<taxonomicName id="4C3ADC80EC6AFFEBFB4FFE1CFAB8FE53" authorityName="Bovallius" authorityYear="1889" box="[1176,1322,484,509]" class="Malacostraca" family="Hyperiidae" genus="Hyperia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Amphipoda" pageId="26" pageNumber="27" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="spinigera">
<emphasis id="B94E7B11EC6AFFEBFB4FFE1CFAB8FE53" box="[1176,1322,484,509]" italics="true" pageId="26" pageNumber="27">H. spinigera</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
by
<bibRefCitation id="EFABDAF2EC6AFFEBFEFBFDF4FE7DFD88" author="Thurston, M. H." box="[300,495,524,550]" pageId="26" pageNumber="27" pagination="499 - 536" refId="ref30578" refString="Thurston, M. H. (1977) Depth distributions of Hyperia spinigera Bovallius, 1889 (Crustacea: Amphipoda) and medusae in the North Atlantic Ocean, with notes on the associations between Hyperia and coelenterates. In: Angel, M. (Ed) A voyage of discovery: George Deacon 70 th anniversary volume. Pergamon Press Ltd.: Oxford, pp. 499 - 536." type="book chapter" year="1977">Thurston (1977)</bibRefCitation>
.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B85A703EC6AFFEBFEEFFDCCFEAFFDD8" blockId="26.[264,1323,284,790]" pageId="26" pageNumber="27">
Bowman (1973) and
<bibRefCitation id="EFABDAF2EC6AFFEBFDE3FDCCFCCBFDE0" author="Vinogradov, M. E. &amp; Volkov, A. F. &amp; Semenova, T. N." box="[564,857,564,590]" pageId="26" pageNumber="27" refId="ref31017" refString="Vinogradov, M. E., Volkov, A. F. &amp; Semenova, T. N. (1982) Amfipody-Giperiidy (Amphipoda: Hyperiidea) Mrovogo Okeanea. Akademiya Nauk SSSR, Opredeliteli po Faune SSSR No. 132. Leningrad, 492 pp. [In Russian]. (English translation, 1996, Smithsonian Institution Libraries, Washington D. C., D. Siegel-Causey, Scientific Editor)." type="book" year="1982">
Vinogradov
<emphasis id="B94E7B11EC6AFFEBFD11FDCCFD69FDE3" box="[710,763,564,589]" italics="true" pageId="26" pageNumber="27">et al</emphasis>
. (1982)
</bibRefCitation>
provide distributional data for the species.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B85A703EC6AFFEBFEEFFD7CFC1EFCB8" blockId="26.[264,1323,284,790]" pageId="26" pageNumber="27">
<emphasis id="B94E7B11EC6AFFEBFEEFFD7CFE01FD30" bold="true" box="[312,403,644,670]" pageId="26" pageNumber="27">Species</emphasis>
:
<taxonomicName id="4C3ADC80EC6AFFEBFE71FD7CFCCBFD30" authority="(Muller, 1776)" baseAuthorityName="Muller" baseAuthorityYear="1776" box="[422,857,644,670]" class="Malacostraca" family="Hyperiidae" genus="Hyperia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Amphipoda" pageId="26" pageNumber="27" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="medusarum">
<emphasis id="B94E7B11EC6AFFEBFE71FD7CFD08FD33" box="[422,666,644,669]" italics="true" pageId="26" pageNumber="27">Hyperia medusarum</emphasis>
(
<bibRefCitation id="EFABDAF2EC6AFFEBFD79FD7CFCC2FD30" author="Muller, O. F." box="[686,848,644,670]" pageId="26" pageNumber="27" refId="ref28420" refString="Muller, O. F. (1776) Zoologiae Danicae Prodromus seu Animalium Daniae et Norvegiae Indigenarum Characteres, Nomina, et Synonyma Imprimis Popularium. Copenhagen, 282 pp." type="book" year="1776">Müller, 1776</bibRefCitation>
)
</taxonomicName>
;
<taxonomicName id="4C3ADC80EC6AFFEBFCBEFD7CFB3CFD30" authority="(Montagu, 1813)" baseAuthorityName="Montagu" baseAuthorityYear="1813" box="[873,1198,644,670]" class="Malacostraca" family="Hyperiidae" genus="Hyperia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Amphipoda" pageId="26" pageNumber="27" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="galba">
<emphasis id="B94E7B11EC6AFFEBFCBEFD7CFC46FD33" box="[873,980,644,669]" italics="true" pageId="26" pageNumber="27">H. galba</emphasis>
(Montagu, 1813)
</taxonomicName>
;
<taxonomicName id="4C3ADC80EC6AFFEBFB69FD7CFDEBFD68" authority="Milne-Edwards, 1840" authorityName="Milne-Edwards" authorityYear="1840" class="Malacostraca" family="Hyperiidae" genus="Hyperia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Amphipoda" pageId="26" pageNumber="27" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="gaudichaudii">
<emphasis id="B94E7B11EC6AFFEBFB69FD7CFEFAFD6B" italics="true" pageId="26" pageNumber="27">H. gaudichaudii</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="EFABDAF2EC6AFFEBFEA4FD54FDEBFD68" author="Milne-Edwards, H." box="[371,633,684,710]" pageId="26" pageNumber="27" pagination="1 - 42" refId="ref28237" refString="Milne-Edwards, H. (1840) Histoire naturelle des Crustaces, comprenant l'anatomie, la physiologie, et la classification de ces animaux. Tome 3. Paris, 638 pp., pls 1 - 42." type="book chapter" year="1840">Milne­Edwards, 1840</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
;
<taxonomicName id="4C3ADC80EC6AFFEBFD5EFD54FB91FD68" authority="(Dana, 1853)" baseAuthorityName="Dana" baseAuthorityYear="1853" box="[649,1027,684,710]" class="Malacostraca" family="Hyperiidae" genus="Hyperia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Amphipoda" pageId="26" pageNumber="27" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="macrocephala">
<emphasis id="B94E7B11EC6AFFEBFD5EFD54FCC4FD6B" box="[649,854,684,709]" italics="true" pageId="26" pageNumber="27">H. macrocephala</emphasis>
(
<bibRefCitation id="EFABDAF2EC6AFFEBFCBDFD54FC68FD68" author="Dana, J. D." box="[874,1018,684,710]" pageId="26" pageNumber="27" pagination="689 - 1618" refId="ref25519" refString="Dana, J. D. (1853) Crustacea, Part II. United States Exploring Expedition 14, 689 - 1618. (Plates 1 - 96 published in 1855)." type="journal article" year="1853">Dana, 1853</bibRefCitation>
)
</taxonomicName>
;
<taxonomicName id="4C3ADC80EC6AFFEBFBC5FD54FED4FD40" authority="Bovallius, 1889" authorityName="Bovallius" authorityYear="1889" class="Malacostraca" family="Hyperiidae" genus="Hyperia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Amphipoda" pageId="26" pageNumber="27" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="spinigera">
<emphasis id="B94E7B11EC6AFFEBFBC5FD54FB3AFD6B" box="[1042,1192,684,709]" italics="true" pageId="26" pageNumber="27">H. spinigera</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="EFABDAF2EC6AFFEBFB64FD54FED4FD40" author="Bovallius, C." pageId="26" pageNumber="27" pagination="1 - 434" refId="ref24248" refString="Bovallius, C. (1889) Contributions to a monograph of the Amphipoda Hyperiidea, Part I: 2. The families Cyllopodidae, Paraphronimidae, Thaumatopsidae, Mimonectidae, Hyperiidae, Phronimidae and Anchylomeridae. Kongliga Svenska Vetenskaps-Akademiens Handlingar, 22 (7), 1 - 434, pls 1 - 18." type="journal article" year="1889">Bovallius, 1889</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
;
<taxonomicName id="4C3ADC80EC6AFFEBFE80FD2CFD06FD40" authority="Bowman, 1973" authorityName="Bowman" authorityYear="1973" box="[343,660,724,750]" class="Malacostraca" family="Hyperiidae" genus="Hyperia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Amphipoda" pageId="26" pageNumber="27" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="crassa">
<emphasis id="B94E7B11EC6AFFEBFE80FD2CFE5EFD43" box="[343,460,724,749]" italics="true" pageId="26" pageNumber="27">H. crassa</emphasis>
Bowman, 1973
</taxonomicName>
;
<taxonomicName id="4C3ADC80EC6AFFEBFD72FD2CFC7BFD40" authority="Bowman, 1973" authorityName="Bowman" authorityYear="1973" box="[677,1001,724,750]" class="Malacostraca" family="Hyperiidae" genus="Hyperia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Amphipoda" pageId="26" pageNumber="27" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="leptura">
<emphasis id="B94E7B11EC6AFFEBFD72FD2CFCB1FD43" box="[677,803,724,749]" italics="true" pageId="26" pageNumber="27">H. leptura</emphasis>
Bowman, 1973
</taxonomicName>
;
<taxonomicName id="4C3ADC80EC6AFFEBFC2CFD2CFED4FCB8" authority="Vinogradov, 1976" authorityName="Vinogradov" authorityYear="1976" class="Malacostraca" family="Phronimidae" genus="Phronima" kingdom="Animalia" order="Amphipoda" pageId="26" pageNumber="27" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="bowmani">
<emphasis id="B94E7B11EC6AFFEBFC2CFD2CFB1CFD43" box="[1019,1166,724,749]" italics="true" pageId="26" pageNumber="27">H. bowmani</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="EFABDAF2EC6AFFEBFB4CFD2CFED4FCB8" author="Vinogradov, M. E." pageId="26" pageNumber="27" pagination="130 - 134" refId="ref30924" refString="Vinogradov, M. E. (1976) New species of Hyperiidea (Amphipoda: Hyperiidae) from the tropical Pacific Ocean. Trudy Instituta Okeanologii Akademiya Nauk SSSR 105: 130 - 134. [In Russian]." type="journal article" year="1976">Vinogradov, 1976</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
;
<taxonomicName id="4C3ADC80EC6AFFEBFE85FD04FC1AFCB8" authority="Vinogradov &amp; Semenova, 1985" authorityName="Vinogradov &amp; Semenova" authorityYear="1985" box="[338,904,764,790]" class="Malacostraca" family="Hyperiidae" genus="Hyperia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Amphipoda" pageId="26" pageNumber="27" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="curticephala">
<emphasis id="B94E7B11EC6AFFEBFE85FD04FD98FCBB" box="[338,522,764,789]" italics="true" pageId="26" pageNumber="27">H. curticephala</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="EFABDAF2EC6AFFEBFDC6FD04FC1AFCB8" author="Vinogradov, M. E. &amp; Semenova, T. N." box="[529,904,764,790]" pageId="26" pageNumber="27" pagination="139 - 143" refId="ref30965" refString="Vinogradov, M. E. &amp; Semenova, T. N. (1985) A new species of the genus Hyperia (Crustacea: Amphipoda) from the coastal waters of Peru. Zoologicheskii Zhurnal, 64 (1), 139 - 143. [In Russian]." type="journal article" year="1985">Vinogradov &amp; Semenova, 1985</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>