192 lines
19 KiB
XML
192 lines
19 KiB
XML
<document id="0437B52097BAE72FF107A799BCB5A2D3" ID-DOI="10.5281/zenodo.3677235" ID-GBIF-Dataset="1ee19d5d-27cf-4c93-989c-3fe3eb467203" ID-ISSN="1942-1354" ID-Zenodo-Dep="3677235" ID-ZooBank="BA35690A-FC73-4E5A-A805-FE9550275FEC" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.tables_requiresApprovalFor="existingObjects,plazi" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1582218729488" checkinUser="felipe" docAuthor="Cong, Qian, Zhang, Jing, Shen, Jinhui & Grishin, Nick V." docDate="2019" docId="038E29227E7FFFF0FF3F77C4DDD6FA3F" docLanguage="en" docName="InsectaMundi.0731.1-56.pdf.imf" docOrigin="Insecta Mundi 731 (731)" docStyle="DocumentStyle:6D85C66E4B52897F25DA165649BC06DC.3:InsectaMundi.2009-2020.journal_article" docStyleId="6D85C66E4B52897F25DA165649BC06DC" docStyleName="InsectaMundi.2009-2020.journal_article" docStyleVersion="3" docTitle="Livida Grishin 2019, new genus" docType="treatment" docUuid="24179CB6-20EF-4DF2-B545-CFF25554444C" docUuidSource="ZooBank" docVersion="11" lastPageNumber="13" masterDocId="FFB7515A7E72FFFEFFFF732ADF1EFFFB" masterDocTitle="Fifty new genera of Hesperiidae (Lepidoptera)" masterLastPageNumber="56" masterPageNumber="1" pageNumber="12" updateTime="1698720609646" updateUser="plazi" zenodo-license-document="CC-BY-NC-3.0">
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<mods:mods id="00F2401E6D5CD1AD3E248065E7A935EF" xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
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<mods:titleInfo id="29C215212D6131372F5CFE04CB9D78A2">
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<mods:title id="758158C579249DA604A9C78A2F680079">Fifty new genera of Hesperiidae (Lepidoptera)</mods:title>
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<mods:name id="1AC8BE6775ED97BC45FE652BEDEFEA86" type="personal">
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<mods:namePart id="85482B4ADBE78AA854C4E7B7E4471555">Cong, Qian</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="2E89728BBF546F27FEFE818A1AD58EBA">Zhang, Jing</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="9EFDADED911FC0DB9D7775B5AA32F6CB">Shen, Jinhui</mods:namePart>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:name id="69FE0BE7DB0A582900A61514E99181BB" type="personal">
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<mods:roleTerm id="302DAFD715C541E4C1F970ED7F6D77A4">Author</mods:roleTerm>
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<mods:namePart id="176EC64DC77C6927BFCF6B40AA211101">Grishin, Nick V.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:typeOfResource id="CC2BD8EAD2C02F94549A51B594A378D6">text</mods:typeOfResource>
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<mods:title id="04E680E2D75AB7D22CF44E8C52DC05FE">Insecta Mundi</mods:title>
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<mods:part id="50044F038EEC299C32857609D4304B13">
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<mods:date id="5CAB01FC1B4C418B93C3BABF9286E0E1">2019</mods:date>
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<mods:number id="F6D20B20CF9A96B4D1E87952D1F4E05E">2019-10-11</mods:number>
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<mods:number id="C66DA9F3AADA75619BA6FB7CA46C3C7D">731</mods:number>
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<mods:identifier id="0DB126FBEDB1DC4466DDD0B217788228" type="DOI">10.5281/zenodo.3677235</mods:identifier>
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<treatment id="038E29227E7FFFF0FF3F77C4DDD6FA3F" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3681709" ID-GBIF-Taxon="162238028" ID-Zenodo-Dep="3681709" LSID="urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act:24179CB6-20EF-4DF2-B545-CFF25554444C" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/038E29227E7FFFF0FF3F77C4DDD6FA3F" lastPageId="14" lastPageNumber="13" pageId="13" pageNumber="12">
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<subSubSection id="C33DCBBF7E7FFFF3FF3F77C4DD35FAFC" box="[192,555,1262,1287]" pageId="13" pageNumber="12" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph id="8B9898347E7FFFF3FF3F77C4DD35FAFC" blockId="13.[192,555,1262,1287]" box="[192,555,1262,1287]" pageId="13" pageNumber="12">
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<heading id="D0D02F587E7FFFF3FF3F77C4DD35FAFC" bold="true" box="[192,555,1262,1287]" fontSize="10" level="2" pageId="13" pageNumber="12" reason="3">
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<emphasis id="B95344267E7FFFF3FF3F77C4DD35FAFC" bold="true" box="[192,555,1262,1287]" pageId="13" pageNumber="12">
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<taxonomicName id="4C27E3B77E7FFFF3FF3F77C4DE95FAFD" authority="Grishin" authorityName="Grishin" authorityYear="2019" box="[192,395,1262,1286]" class="Insecta" family="Hesperiidae" genus="Livida" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="13" pageNumber="12" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus" status="gen. nov.">
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<emphasis id="B95344267E7FFFF3FF3F77C4DE07FAFD" bold="true" box="[192,281,1262,1286]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="12">Livida</emphasis>
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Grishin
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</taxonomicName>
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,
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<taxonomicNameLabel id="A260F95D7E7FFFF3FE6677C5DD35FAFC" box="[409,555,1263,1287]" pageId="13" pageNumber="12" rank="genus">new genus</taxonomicNameLabel>
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</emphasis>
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</heading>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C33DCBBF7E7FFFF3FF3F7636DCD7FACF" box="[192,969,1308,1332]" pageId="13" pageNumber="12" type="description">
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<paragraph id="8B9898347E7FFFF3FF3F7636DCD7FACF" blockId="13.[192,969,1308,1332]" box="[192,969,1308,1332]" pageId="13" pageNumber="12">
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http://zoobank.org/
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<uuid id="FF81A2E17E7FFFF3FE5D7636DCD7FACF" box="[418,969,1308,1332]" pageId="13" pageNumber="12">24179CB6-20EF-4DF2-B545-CFF25554444C</uuid>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C33DCBBF7E7FFFF3FF3F7649DBB0F8CC" pageId="13" pageNumber="12" type="type_taxon">
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<paragraph id="8B9898347E7FFFF3FF3F7649DC09FA80" blockId="13.[192,791,1378,1403]" box="[192,791,1378,1403]" pageId="13" pageNumber="12">
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<emphasis id="B95344267E7FFFF3FF3F7649DE69FA81" bold="true" box="[192,375,1378,1403]" pageId="13" pageNumber="12">
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<typeStatus id="549C26967E7FFFF3FF3F7649DE1AFA80" box="[192,260,1379,1403]" pageId="13" pageNumber="12">Type</typeStatus>
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species.
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</emphasis>
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<taxonomicName id="4C27E3B77E7FFFF3FE817648DC0AFA80" ID-CoL="9BQ42" authority="Mabille, 1883" authorityName="Mabille" authorityYear="1883" box="[382,788,1378,1403]" class="Insecta" family="Hesperiidae" genus="Pythonides" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="13" pageNumber="12" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="assecla">
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<emphasis id="B95344267E7FFFF3FE817648DD7CFA81" box="[382,610,1378,1402]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="12">Pythonides assecla</emphasis>
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Mabille, 1883
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</taxonomicName>
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.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8B9898347E7FFFF3FF3F76B9DBB0F8CC" blockId="13.[192,1441,1427,1847]" pageId="13" pageNumber="12">
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<emphasis id="B95344267E7FFFF3FF3F76B9DE4CFA50" bold="true" box="[192,338,1427,1451]" pageId="13" pageNumber="12">Definition.</emphasis>
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A genus clearly near
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<taxonomicName id="4C27E3B77E7FFFF3FD8F76B9DB24FA50" ID-CoL="929MS" authority="Godman and Salvin, 1895" authorityName="Godman and Salvin" authorityYear="1895" box="[624,1082,1427,1452]" class="Insecta" family="Hesperiidae" genus="Gindanes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="13" pageNumber="12" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="B95344267E7FFFF3FD8F76B9DDFBFA50" box="[624,741,1427,1451]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="12">Gindanes</emphasis>
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Godman and Salvin, 1895
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</taxonomicName>
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,
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<taxonomicName id="4C27E3B77E7FFFF3FBB576B9DA84FA50" ID-CoL="92LLY" authority="Hubner, [1819]" authorityName="Hubner" authorityYear="1819" box="[1098,1434,1427,1452]" class="Insecta" family="Hesperiidae" genus="Pythonides" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="13" pageNumber="12" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="B95344267E7FFFF3FBB576B9DBCEFA50" box="[1098,1232,1427,1451]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="12">Pythonides</emphasis>
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Hübner, [1819]
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</taxonomicName>
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,
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<taxonomicName id="4C27E3B77E7FFFF3FF3F769EDEFEFA37" ID-CoL="92LM6" authority="Lindsey, 1925" authorityName="Lindsey" authorityYear="1925" box="[192,480,1460,1484]" class="Insecta" family="Hesperiidae" genus="Quadrus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="13" pageNumber="12" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="B95344267E7FFFF3FF3F769EDE32FA37" box="[192,300,1460,1484]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="12">Quadrus</emphasis>
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Lindsey, 1925
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</taxonomicName>
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,
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<taxonomicName id="4C27E3B77E7FFFF3FE14769FDDDEFA37" ID-CoL="92QS3" authority="Evans, 1953" authorityName="Evans" authorityYear="1953" box="[491,704,1460,1484]" class="Insecta" family="Hesperiidae" genus="Zera" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="13" pageNumber="12" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="B95344267E7FFFF3FE14769FDD3DFA37" box="[491,547,1461,1484]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="12">Zera</emphasis>
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<bibRefCitation id="EFB6E5C57E7FFFF3FDD4769FDDDEFA37" author="Evans" box="[555,704,1460,1484]" firstAuthor="Evans" pageId="13" pageNumber="12" pagination="26 - 53" refId="ref27534" refString="Evans, W. H. 1953. A catalogue of the American Hesperiidae indicating the classification and nomenclature adopted in the British Museum (Natural History). Part III. Pyrginae. Section 2. British Museum (Natural History); London. v + 246 p., pl. 26 - 53" type="book chapter" year="1953">Evans, 1953</bibRefCitation>
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</taxonomicName>
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and
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<taxonomicName id="4C27E3B77E7FFFF3FD03769EDB18FA37" ID-CoL="92HJM" authority="Lindsey, 1925" authorityName="Lindsey" authorityYear="1925" box="[764,1030,1460,1484]" class="Insecta" family="Hesperiidae" genus="Ouleus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="13" pageNumber="12" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="B95344267E7FFFF3FD03769EDC4FFA37" box="[764,849,1460,1484]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="12">Ouleus</emphasis>
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Lindsey, 1925
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</taxonomicName>
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, but without closer affinity to any one of them (
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<figureCitation id="131C84B17E7FFFF3FE9C76FFDEB5FA16" box="[355,427,1493,1517]" captionStart="Figure 5" captionStartId="14.[192,275,1196,1218]" captionTargetBox="[193,1440,213,1161]" captionTargetId="figure@14.[192,1440,213,1162]" captionTargetPageId="14" captionText="Figure 5. Genomic trees of Achlyodini. See Fig. 2 legend for notations." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3677245" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3677245/files/figure.png" pageId="13" pageNumber="12">Fig. 5</figureCitation>
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). The species included here in this genus were formerly placed in
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<taxonomicName id="4C27E3B77E7FFFF3FB1F76FFDA78FA16" ID-CoL="92LLY" authorityName="Hubner" authorityYear="1819" box="[1248,1382,1493,1517]" class="Insecta" family="Hesperiidae" genus="Pythonides" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="13" pageNumber="12" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="B95344267E7FFFF3FB1F76FFDA78FA16" box="[1248,1382,1493,1517]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="12">Pythonides</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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, but are not monophyletic with the
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<typeStatus id="549C26967E7FFFF3FDC176DDDD6DF9F4" box="[574,627,1527,1551]" pageId="13" pageNumber="12">type</typeStatus>
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species of this genus,
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<taxonomicName id="4C27E3B77E7FFFF3FC7776DCDBFFF9F5" authority="Stoll, 1782" authorityName="Stoll" authorityYear="1782" box="[904,1249,1526,1550]" class="Insecta" family="Papilionidae" genus="Papilio" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="13" pageNumber="12" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="jovianus">
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<emphasis id="B95344267E7FFFF3FC7776DCDB4FF9F5" box="[904,1105,1526,1550]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="12">Papilio jovianus</emphasis>
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Stoll, 1782
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</taxonomicName>
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. Keys to E.
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<quantity id="4CDF35D17E7FFFF3FA9676DCDFC7F9D4" metricMagnitude="0" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.0541" pageId="13" pageNumber="12" unit="in" value="41.5">41.5 in</quantity>
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<bibRefCitation id="EFB6E5C57E7FFFF3FF1E7532DE99F9D4" author="Evans" box="[225,391,1559,1583]" firstAuthor="Evans" pageId="13" pageNumber="12" pagination="26 - 53" refId="ref27534" refString="Evans, W. H. 1953. A catalogue of the American Hesperiidae indicating the classification and nomenclature adopted in the British Museum (Natural History). Part III. Pyrginae. Section 2. British Museum (Natural History); London. v + 246 p., pl. 26 - 53" type="book chapter" year="1953">Evans (1953)</bibRefCitation>
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. Morphologically, distinguished from related genera by the combination of the shape of uncus (flattened at the tip with a short and thin central projection) with the shape of valva (broad at the base with concave costa and diamond-shaped harpe longer than the rest of the valva, with serrated dorsoposterior edge), only one upper spur on hind tibiae, the lack of tuft in hind tibiae and thoracic pouch in males, ventral hindwing mostly pale blue, dorsal hindwing pale blue in males at least near tornus. In DNA, a combination of the following base pairs is diagnostic: aly
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<date id="FF99BEF47E7FFFF3FC1C7596DB51F92F" box="[995,1103,1724,1748]" pageId="13" pageNumber="12" value="1672-03-01">1672.3.1</date>
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:T128G, aly
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<date id="FF99BEF47E7FFFF3FB297596DA5FF92F" box="[1238,1345,1724,1748]" pageId="13" pageNumber="12" value="1672-03-01">1672.3.1</date>
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:C110G, aly
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<date id="FF99BEF47E7FFFF3FF1A75F7DE4DF90E" box="[229,339,1757,1781]" pageId="13" pageNumber="12" value="2618-05-01">2618.5.1</date>
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:C3626G, aly140.1.2:T1822T (not A), aly
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<date id="FF99BEF47E7FFFF3FCA975F7DCDDF90E" box="[854,963,1757,1781]" pageId="13" pageNumber="12" value="1349-07-09">1349.7.9</date>
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:C1010C (not G), aly1877.13.1:A785A (not C), aly23605.1.46:T5641T (not A), aly23605.1.46:C5642C (not G), aly536.102.1:C56C (not A), aly
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<date id="FF99BEF47E7FFFF3FF1B7434DE53F8CD" box="[228,333,1822,1846]" pageId="13" pageNumber="12" value="1935-02-01">1935.2.1</date>
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:G242G (not C), aly345.3.1:C328C (not G), aly767.12.13:C118C (not A).
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C33DCBBF7E7FFFF0FF3F7465DC5CFAAF" lastPageId="14" lastPageNumber="13" pageId="13" pageNumber="12" type="etymology">
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<paragraph id="8B9898347E7FFFF3FF3F7465DA1DF873" blockId="13.[192,1440,1871,1929]" pageId="13" pageNumber="12">
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<emphasis id="B95344267E7FFFF3FF3F7465DE45F89C" bold="true" box="[192,347,1871,1895]" pageId="13" pageNumber="12">Etymology.</emphasis>
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The name is a feminine noun in the nominative singular, from the Latin lividus (blue), to indicate the distinctive cornflower blue color of the hindwing in males of the
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<typeStatus id="549C26967E7FFFF3FB96745BDB80F872" box="[1129,1182,1905,1929]" pageId="13" pageNumber="12">type</typeStatus>
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species.
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</paragraph>
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<caption id="DF58C8BC7E7CFFF0FF3F7786DCD2FB39" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3677245" ID-Zenodo-Dep="3677245" box="[192,972,1196,1218]" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3677245/files/figure.png" pageId="14" pageNumber="13" startId="14.[192,275,1196,1218]" targetBox="[193,1440,213,1161]" targetPageId="14">
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<paragraph id="8B9898347E7CFFF0FF3F7786DCD2FB39" blockId="14.[192,972,1196,1218]" box="[192,972,1196,1218]" pageId="14" pageNumber="13">
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<emphasis id="B95344267E7CFFF0FF3F7786DE31FB3A" bold="true" box="[192,303,1196,1218]" pageId="14" pageNumber="13">Figure 5.</emphasis>
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Genomic trees of
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<taxonomicName id="4C27E3B77E7CFFF0FE0B7786DD73FB39" authorityName="Burmeister" authorityYear="1878" box="[500,621,1196,1218]" class="Insecta" family="Hesperiidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="14" pageNumber="13" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="tribe" tribe="Achlyodini">Achlyodini</taxonomicName>
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. See Fig. 2 legend for notations.
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</paragraph>
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</caption>
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<paragraph id="8B9898347E7CFFF0FF3F7621DB40FADF" blockId="14.[192,1118,1291,1316]" box="[192,1118,1291,1316]" pageId="14" pageNumber="13">
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<emphasis id="B95344267E7CFFF0FF3F7621DEAEFAD8" bold="true" box="[192,432,1291,1315]" pageId="14" pageNumber="13">Species included.</emphasis>
|
|
The
|
|
<typeStatus id="549C26967E7CFFF0FE127626DD3CFADF" box="[493,546,1292,1316]" pageId="14" pageNumber="13">type</typeStatus>
|
|
species and
|
|
<taxonomicName id="4C27E3B77E7CFFF0FD427621DB45FADF" authority="Mabille, 1878" authorityName="Mabille" authorityYear="1878" box="[701,1115,1291,1316]" class="Insecta" family="Hesperiidae" genus="Pythonides" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="14" pageNumber="13" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="grandis">
|
|
<emphasis id="B95344267E7CFFF0FD427621DCB7FAD8" box="[701,937,1291,1315]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="13">Pythonides grandis</emphasis>
|
|
Mabille, 1878
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|
.
|
|
</paragraph>
|
|
<paragraph id="8B9898347E7CFFF0FF3F7616DC5CFAAF" blockId="14.[192,834,1340,1364]" box="[192,834,1340,1364]" pageId="14" pageNumber="13">
|
|
<emphasis id="B95344267E7CFFF0FF3F7616DE62FAAF" bold="true" box="[192,380,1340,1364]" pageId="14" pageNumber="13">Parent taxon.</emphasis>
|
|
Subtribe
|
|
<taxonomicName id="4C27E3B77E7CFFF0FE0A7616DC20FAAF" authority="Grishin, 2019" authorityName="Grishin" authorityYear="2019" box="[501,830,1340,1364]" class="Insecta" family="Hesperiidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="14" pageNumber="13" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subTribe" subTribe="Pythonidina">Pythonidina Grishin, 2019</taxonomicName>
|
|
.
|
|
</paragraph>
|
|
</subSubSection>
|
|
<subSubSection id="C33DCBBF7E7CFFF0FF3F7641DDD6FA3F" pageId="14" pageNumber="13" type="discussion">
|
|
<paragraph id="8B9898347E7CFFF0FF3F7641DDD6FA3F" blockId="14.[192,1440,1387,1476]" pageId="14" pageNumber="13">
|
|
<emphasis id="B95344267E7CFFF0FF3F7641DE47FA78" bold="true" box="[192,345,1387,1411]" pageId="14" pageNumber="13">Comments.</emphasis>
|
|
Another genus that would be very difficult to detect without genomic data, because by appearance the adults of this species do not look noticeably different from
|
|
<taxonomicName id="4C27E3B77E7CFFF0FBCE76A1DBA9FA58" authorityName="Hubner" authorityYear="1819" box="[1073,1207,1419,1443]" class="Insecta" family="Hesperiidae" genus="Pythonides" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="14" pageNumber="13" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
|
<emphasis id="B95344267E7CFFF0FBCE76A1DBA9FA58" box="[1073,1207,1419,1443]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="13">Pythonides</emphasis>
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|
. However, genomic analysis suggests that the two are distant.
|
|
</paragraph>
|
|
</subSubSection>
|
|
</treatment>
|
|
</document> |