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<document id="9CE2529C0C63BEA24ADDDF0B246A6C79" ID-CLB-Dataset="7475" ID-DOI="10.11646/zootaxa.4949.2.6" ID-GBIF-Dataset="66a7b946-77dd-4b4f-90de-572bb0083527" ID-ISSN="1175-5326" ID-Zenodo-Dep="4636467" ID-ZooBank="0CA4A3F4-E1C7-48C9-AA0A-7BAD1557923F" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1616669247698" checkinUser="plazi" docAuthor="Kakizoe, Showtaro, Jiang, Ri-Xin, Cai, Hao-Hong &amp; Wang, Shuo" docDate="2021" docId="671E878A43285A52FF1F2EC8C7F2A005" docLanguage="en" docName="zootaxa.4949.2.6.pdf" docOrigin="Zootaxa 4949 (2)" docStyle="DocumentStyle:647186512141C8FC8976D5BCC54AEB7D.9:Zootaxa.2013-.journal_article" docStyleId="647186512141C8FC8976D5BCC54AEB7D" docStyleName="Zootaxa.2013-.journal_article" docStyleVersion="9" docTitle="Sphaeraphodius Kakizoe, Jiang &amp; Wang 2021, new genus" docType="treatment" docVersion="8" lastPageNumber="337" masterDocId="9B27FFF243295A56FF882D66C26EA326" masterDocTitle="Sphaeraphodius gaohani, a new genus and species of Aphodiini (Coleoptera Scarabaeidae: Aphodiinae) from Guangxi, China" masterLastPageNumber="340" masterPageNumber="333" pageNumber="334" updateTime="1698934998236" updateUser="ExternalLinkService" zenodo-license-document="CLOSED">
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<mods:title id="75AC0C05EE9D770869BF9771925FA3C2">Sphaeraphodius gaohani, a new genus and species of Aphodiini (Coleoptera Scarabaeidae: Aphodiinae) from Guangxi, China</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="6666FDC42841DE29C00957DE7F944C1F">Kakizoe, Showtaro</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="0520975225AD262DE99F0EEB0DBDD179">Institute of Tropical Agriculture, Kyushu University, Motooka 744, Nishi-ku, Fukuoka, 819 - 0395 Japan. showtarok @ gmail. com; https: // orcid. org / 0000 - 0003 - 1179 - 0864 &amp; The Kyushu University Museum, Hakozaki 6 - 10 - 1, Higashi-ku, Fukuoka, 812 - 8581 Japan.</mods:affiliation>
<mods:nameIdentifier id="4E8C09AEDBB214A95474BA75242299D2" type="email">showtarok@gmail.com</mods:nameIdentifier>
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<mods:namePart id="3009FB4268989CC833895F0A4904E987">Jiang, Ri-Xin</mods:namePart>
<mods:affiliation id="A9B5A951840518A0BE471E543D516FC7">College of Marine Science and Biological Engineering, Qingdao University of Science and Technology, 53 Zhengzhou Road, Qingdao,</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:namePart id="B672BD440595F1CA8AB0F2FCE7C3EA9A">Cai, Hao-Hong</mods:namePart>
<mods:affiliation id="D14432117AD13C3AA1FDEA91612DEAC6">College of Marine Science and Biological Engineering, Qingdao University of Science and Technology, 53 Zhengzhou Road, Qingdao,</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:namePart id="F901020D36F9B4530F4BA012D4EC1A93">Wang, Shuo</mods:namePart>
<mods:affiliation id="E3660302945ADC6042CA8125A887113B">College of Marine Science and Biological Engineering, Qingdao University of Science and Technology, 53 Zhengzhou Road, Qingdao,</mods:affiliation>
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<treatment id="671E878A43285A52FF1F2EC8C7F2A005" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4666513" ID-GBIF-Taxon="180877632" ID-Zenodo-Dep="4666513" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:671E878A43285A52FF1F2EC8C7F2A005" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/671E878A43285A52FF1F2EC8C7F2A005" lastPageId="4" lastPageNumber="337" pageId="1" pageNumber="334">
<subSubSection id="A7AD651743285A57FF1F2EC8C170A0EF" box="[151,798,942,969]" pageId="1" pageNumber="334" type="nomenclature">
<paragraph id="EF08369C43285A57FF1F2EC8C170A0EF" blockId="1.[151,798,942,969]" box="[151,798,942,969]" pageId="1" pageNumber="334">
<heading id="B44081F043285A57FF1F2EC8C170A0EF" bold="true" box="[151,798,942,969]" fontSize="11" level="1" pageId="1" pageNumber="334" reason="1">
<emphasis id="DDC3EA8E43285A57FF1F2EC8C170A0EF" bold="true" box="[151,798,942,969]" pageId="1" pageNumber="334">
<taxonomicName id="28B74D1F43285A57FF1F2EC8C0E1A0EF" ID-CoL="7ZLNX" authority="Kakizoe, Jiang &amp; Wang" authorityName="Kakizoe, Jiang &amp; Wang" authorityYear="2021" box="[151,655,942,969]" class="Insecta" family="Scarabaeidae" genus="Sphaeraphodius" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="1" pageNumber="334" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus" status="gen. nov.">
<emphasis id="DDC3EA8E43285A57FF1F2EC8C332A0EF" bold="true" box="[151,348,942,969]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="334">Sphaeraphodius</emphasis>
Kakizoe, Jiang &amp; Wang
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,
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<subSubSection id="A7AD651743285A57FF1F2E91C358A737" box="[151,310,1015,1041]" pageId="1" pageNumber="334" type="description">
<paragraph id="EF08369C43285A57FF1F2E91C358A737" blockId="1.[151,310,1015,1041]" box="[151,310,1015,1041]" pageId="1" pageNumber="334">
(
<figureCitation id="778C2A1943285A57FF172E91C290A737" box="[159,254,1015,1041]" captionStart="FIGURES 1" captionStartId="2.[151,264,1703,1727]" captionTargetBox="[184,1413,196,1671]" captionTargetId="figure-22@2.[151,1436,179,1684]" captionTargetPageId="2" captionText="FIGURES 1A–C. Sphaeraphodius gaohani Kakizoe, Jiang &amp; Wang, new genus and new species (holotype, female).A, habitus, dorsal view; B, habitus, ventral view; C, habitus, lateral view." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4636471" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4636471/files/figure.png" pageId="1" pageNumber="334">Figs. 1A</figureCitation>
–
<figureCitation id="778C2A1943285A57FE862E91C340A737" box="[270,302,1015,1041]" captionStart="FIGURES 4" captionStartId="5.[151,264,1424,1448]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,175,1403]" captionTargetId="figure-18@5.[151,1436,175,1408]" captionTargetPageId="5" captionText="FIGURES 4A–I. Sphaeraphodius gaohani Kakizoe, Jiang &amp; Wang, new genus and new species (holotype, female), and potential host termite. A, right fore leg, dorsal view; B, right middle leg, dorsal view; C, right hind leg, dorsal view; D, outer edge of right mesotibia; E, ditto, metatibia; F, apical spinules of right metatibia; G, potential host termite, soldier, dorsal view; H, ditto, left mandible, dorsal view; I, ditto, right mandible, dorsal view." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4636479" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4636479/files/figure.png" pageId="1" pageNumber="334">4F</figureCitation>
)
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="A7AD651743285A57FF1F2959C767A77F" box="[151,1289,1086,1113]" pageId="1" pageNumber="334" type="type_taxon">
<paragraph id="EF08369C43285A57FF1F2959C767A77F" blockId="1.[151,1437,1086,2013]" box="[151,1289,1086,1113]" pageId="1" pageNumber="334">
<emphasis id="DDC3EA8E43285A57FF1F2959C35CA77E" bold="true" box="[151,306,1086,1113]" pageId="1" pageNumber="334">
<typeStatus id="300C883E43285A57FF1F2959C2BCA77F" box="[151,210,1087,1113]" pageId="1" pageNumber="334">Type</typeStatus>
species.
</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="28B74D1F43285A57FEB12959C109A77F" ID-CoL="7ZRJH" authority="Kakizoe, Jiang &amp; Wang" authorityName="Kakizoe, Jiang &amp; Wang" authorityYear="2021" box="[313,871,1087,1113]" class="Insecta" family="Scarabaeidae" genus="Sphaeraphodius" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="1" pageNumber="334" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="gaohani" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="DDC3EA8E43285A57FEB12959C03CA77F" box="[313,594,1087,1113]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="334">Sphaeraphodius gaohani</emphasis>
Kakizoe, Jiang &amp; Wang
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,
<taxonomicNameLabel id="C6F057F543285A57FCF92959C195A77F" box="[881,1019,1087,1113]" pageId="1" pageNumber="334" rank="species">new species</taxonomicNameLabel>
, by present designation.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="A7AD651743285A55FF4F2904C733A13F" lastPageId="3" lastPageNumber="336" pageId="1" pageNumber="334" type="description">
<paragraph id="EF08369C43285A55FF4F2904C733A13F" blockId="1.[151,1437,1086,2013]" lastBlockId="3.[151,1437,151,537]" lastPageId="3" lastPageNumber="336" pageId="1" pageNumber="334">
<emphasis id="DDC3EA8E43285A57FF4F2904C337A75A" bold="true" box="[199,345,1122,1148]" pageId="1" pageNumber="334">Description.</emphasis>
Body (
<figureCitation id="778C2A1943285A57FE3B2905C026A75B" box="[435,584,1123,1149]" captionStart="FIGURES 1" captionStartId="2.[151,264,1703,1727]" captionTargetBox="[184,1413,196,1671]" captionTargetId="figure-22@2.[151,1436,179,1684]" captionTargetPageId="2" captionText="FIGURES 1A–C. Sphaeraphodius gaohani Kakizoe, Jiang &amp; Wang, new genus and new species (holotype, female).A, habitus, dorsal view; B, habitus, ventral view; C, habitus, lateral view." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4636471" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4636471/files/figure.png" pageId="1" pageNumber="334">Figs. 1A–1C</figureCitation>
) elongate oval, strongly convex dorsally, color uniformly reddish-brown, shiny, with long, erect setae, body length
<quantity id="284F9B7943285A57FDFB29E1C091A787" box="[627,767,1159,1185]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.25" metricValueMax="4.3" metricValueMin="4.2" pageId="1" pageNumber="334" unit="mm" value="4.25" valueMax="4.3" valueMin="4.2">4.2–4.3 mm</quantity>
. Head (
<figureCitation id="778C2A1943285A57FCDF29E1C1DFA787" box="[855,945,1159,1185]" captionStart="FIGURES 2" captionStartId="3.[151,264,1883,1907]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,554,1866]" captionTargetId="figure-190@3.[151,1436,554,1866]" captionTargetPageId="3" captionText="FIGURES 2A–E. Sphaeraphodius gaohani Kakizoe, Jiang &amp; Wang, new genus and new species (holotype, female). A, head, dorsal view; B, right elytron, dorsal view; C, antennae, ventral view; D, right hind wing, dorsal view; E, tergite 8 (pygidium), dorsal view." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4636475" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4636475/files/figure.png" pageId="1" pageNumber="334">Fig. 2A</figureCitation>
) large, transverse. Surface slightly convex. Clypeal outline evenly rounded over entire length. Frontoclypeal suture distinctly carinate except for vertex, straight to genal tip. Genae obtusely angular in dorsal view.Antennae (
<figureCitation id="778C2A1943285A57FCC129A9C1C7A7CF" box="[841,937,1231,1257]" captionStart="FIGURES 1" captionStartId="2.[151,264,1703,1727]" captionTargetBox="[184,1413,196,1671]" captionTargetId="figure-22@2.[151,1436,179,1684]" captionTargetPageId="2" captionText="FIGURES 1A–C. Sphaeraphodius gaohani Kakizoe, Jiang &amp; Wang, new genus and new species (holotype, female).A, habitus, dorsal view; B, habitus, ventral view; C, habitus, lateral view." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4636471" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4636471/files/figure.png" pageId="1" pageNumber="334">Figs. 1B</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="778C2A1943285A57FC3C29A9C1BBA7CF" box="[948,981,1231,1257]" captionStart="FIGURES 2" captionStartId="3.[151,264,1883,1907]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,554,1866]" captionTargetId="figure-190@3.[151,1436,554,1866]" captionTargetPageId="3" captionText="FIGURES 2A–E. Sphaeraphodius gaohani Kakizoe, Jiang &amp; Wang, new genus and new species (holotype, female). A, head, dorsal view; B, right elytron, dorsal view; C, antennae, ventral view; D, right hind wing, dorsal view; E, tergite 8 (pygidium), dorsal view." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4636475" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4636475/files/figure.png" pageId="1" pageNumber="334">2C</figureCitation>
) short, setaceous, yellowish-brown, with 9 antennomeres, including trimerous club. Eyes (
<figureCitation id="778C2A1943285A57FD352995C172A62B" box="[701,796,1267,1293]" captionStart="FIGURES 1" captionStartId="2.[151,264,1703,1727]" captionTargetBox="[184,1413,196,1671]" captionTargetId="figure-22@2.[151,1436,179,1684]" captionTargetPageId="2" captionText="FIGURES 1A–C. Sphaeraphodius gaohani Kakizoe, Jiang &amp; Wang, new genus and new species (holotype, female).A, habitus, dorsal view; B, habitus, ventral view; C, habitus, lateral view." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4636471" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4636471/files/figure.png" pageId="1" pageNumber="334">Figs. 1A</figureCitation>
–
<figureCitation id="778C2A1943285A57FCA42995C13EA62B" box="[812,848,1267,1293]" captionStart="FIGURES 2" captionStartId="3.[151,264,1883,1907]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,554,1866]" captionTargetId="figure-190@3.[151,1436,554,1866]" captionTargetPageId="3" captionText="FIGURES 2A–E. Sphaeraphodius gaohani Kakizoe, Jiang &amp; Wang, new genus and new species (holotype, female). A, head, dorsal view; B, right elytron, dorsal view; C, antennae, ventral view; D, right hind wing, dorsal view; E, tergite 8 (pygidium), dorsal view." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4636475" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4636475/files/figure.png" pageId="1" pageNumber="334">2A</figureCitation>
) visible in both dorsal and ventral view. Epipharynx (
<figureCitation id="778C2A1943285A57FF282871C296A617" box="[160,248,1303,1329]" captionStart="FIGURES 3" captionStartId="4.[151,264,1881,1905]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,822,1864]" captionTargetId="figure-308@4.[151,1436,822,1864]" captionTargetPageId="4" captionText="FIGURES 3A–J. Sphaeraphodius gaohani Kakizoe, Jiang &amp; Wang, new genus and new species (holotype, female).A, epipharynx, ventral view; B, left mandible, dorsal view; C, left mandible, ventral view; D, left maxilla, ventral view; E. labium, left half of dorsal view; F, labium, right lateral view; G, mentum, ventral view; H, abdominal segment IX; I, spermatheca; J, distal gonocoxite." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4636477" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4636477/files/figure.png" pageId="1" pageNumber="334">Fig. 3A</figureCitation>
) with anterior margin straight; epitorma conical; corypha not protruding over anterior margin, with clump of quite short apical celtes; pedia sparsely setaceous, with heli and several short, stout, scattered setae; chaetopariae moderately elongate, present about one-third of the total epipharyngeal length from anterior margin; adelochaetae absent. Mandibles (
<figureCitation id="778C2A1943285A57FEFB28E5C399A6BB" box="[371,503,1411,1437]" captionStart="FIGURES 3" captionStartId="4.[151,264,1881,1905]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,822,1864]" captionTargetId="figure-308@4.[151,1436,822,1864]" captionTargetPageId="4" captionText="FIGURES 3A–J. Sphaeraphodius gaohani Kakizoe, Jiang &amp; Wang, new genus and new species (holotype, female).A, epipharynx, ventral view; B, left mandible, dorsal view; C, left mandible, ventral view; D, left maxilla, ventral view; E. labium, left half of dorsal view; F, labium, right lateral view; G, mentum, ventral view; H, abdominal segment IX; I, spermatheca; J, distal gonocoxite." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4636477" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4636477/files/figure.png" pageId="1" pageNumber="334">Fig. 3B, 3C</figureCitation>
) asymmetrical, short, outline weakly curved, posterolateral area with two long and two short setae each; apicalis with little protruding over mesal brush; conjunctive present; mesal brush broad and short setae arranged regularly; mandibular brush present. Maxillae (
<figureCitation id="778C2A1943285A57FC1628ADC199A6C3" box="[926,1015,1483,1509]" captionStart="FIGURES 3" captionStartId="4.[151,264,1881,1905]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,822,1864]" captionTargetId="figure-308@4.[151,1436,822,1864]" captionTargetPageId="4" captionText="FIGURES 3A–J. Sphaeraphodius gaohani Kakizoe, Jiang &amp; Wang, new genus and new species (holotype, female).A, epipharynx, ventral view; B, left mandible, dorsal view; C, left mandible, ventral view; D, left maxilla, ventral view; E. labium, left half of dorsal view; F, labium, right lateral view; G, mentum, ventral view; H, abdominal segment IX; I, spermatheca; J, distal gonocoxite." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4636477" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4636477/files/figure.png" pageId="1" pageNumber="334">Fig. 3D</figureCitation>
) longer than wide; galeae setaceous; basistipes and palpifer with long setae on lateral side. Maxillar palpi (
<figureCitation id="778C2A1943285A57FC352889C678A52F" box="[957,1046,1519,1545]" captionStart="FIGURES 3" captionStartId="4.[151,264,1881,1905]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,822,1864]" captionTargetId="figure-308@4.[151,1436,822,1864]" captionTargetPageId="4" captionText="FIGURES 3A–J. Sphaeraphodius gaohani Kakizoe, Jiang &amp; Wang, new genus and new species (holotype, female).A, epipharynx, ventral view; B, left mandible, dorsal view; C, left mandible, ventral view; D, left maxilla, ventral view; E. labium, left half of dorsal view; F, labium, right lateral view; G, mentum, ventral view; H, abdominal segment IX; I, spermatheca; J, distal gonocoxite." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4636477" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4636477/files/figure.png" pageId="1" pageNumber="334">Fig. 3D</figureCitation>
) tetramerous and well developed; palpomere 1 small, bent outward; palpomere 2 about 4 times as long as palpomere 1, almost straight; palpomere 3 small, about 2 times as long as palpomere 1, weakly bent inward; palpomere 4 large, approximately 2 times as long as palpomere 2, almost straight.
<collectingRegion id="2D73F87E43285A57FD8F2B3DC008A553" box="[519,614,1627,1653]" country="Myanmar" name="Chin" pageId="1" pageNumber="334">Mentum</collectingRegion>
(
<figureCitation id="778C2A1943285A57FDFE2B3DC0A0A553" box="[630,718,1627,1653]" captionStart="FIGURES 3" captionStartId="4.[151,264,1881,1905]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,822,1864]" captionTargetId="figure-308@4.[151,1436,822,1864]" captionTargetPageId="4" captionText="FIGURES 3A–J. Sphaeraphodius gaohani Kakizoe, Jiang &amp; Wang, new genus and new species (holotype, female).A, epipharynx, ventral view; B, left mandible, dorsal view; C, left mandible, ventral view; D, left maxilla, ventral view; E. labium, left half of dorsal view; F, labium, right lateral view; G, mentum, ventral view; H, abdominal segment IX; I, spermatheca; J, distal gonocoxite." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4636477" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4636477/files/figure.png" pageId="1" pageNumber="334">Fig. 3G</figureCitation>
) flat, weakly emarginated at middle, with several long setae on anterior margin. Labial palpi (
<figureCitation id="778C2A1943285A57FE652B19C002A5BF" box="[493,620,1663,1689]" captionStart="FIGURES 3" captionStartId="4.[151,264,1881,1905]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,822,1864]" captionTargetId="figure-308@4.[151,1436,822,1864]" captionTargetPageId="4" captionText="FIGURES 3A–J. Sphaeraphodius gaohani Kakizoe, Jiang &amp; Wang, new genus and new species (holotype, female).A, epipharynx, ventral view; B, left mandible, dorsal view; C, left mandible, ventral view; D, left maxilla, ventral view; E. labium, left half of dorsal view; F, labium, right lateral view; G, mentum, ventral view; H, abdominal segment IX; I, spermatheca; J, distal gonocoxite." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4636477" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4636477/files/figure.png" pageId="1" pageNumber="334">Figs. 3E–F</figureCitation>
) trimerous; palpomere 1 small, slightly bent outward, with several long setae; palpomere 2 small, almost straight, with several long setae; palpomere 3 large, approximately equal to the total length of palpomeres 1 and 2, almost straight, glabrous. Pronotum (
<figureCitation id="778C2A1943285A57FC352BA1C622A5C7" box="[957,1100,1735,1761]" captionStart="FIGURES 1" captionStartId="2.[151,264,1703,1727]" captionTargetBox="[184,1413,196,1671]" captionTargetId="figure-22@2.[151,1436,179,1684]" captionTargetPageId="2" captionText="FIGURES 1A–C. Sphaeraphodius gaohani Kakizoe, Jiang &amp; Wang, new genus and new species (holotype, female).A, habitus, dorsal view; B, habitus, ventral view; C, habitus, lateral view." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4636471" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4636471/files/figure.png" pageId="1" pageNumber="334">Figs. 1A, 1C</figureCitation>
) large and transverse, as wide as elytra, strongly convex dorsally, with long, erect setae; anterior margin not bordered; anterior angles obtuse (in dorsal view), protruding anteriad; lateral margins slightly rounded over entire length, frontwardly convergent, not bordered; sides weakly depressed; lateral edges densely setiferous; posterior angles almost right angle (in dorsal view); basal margin almost straight, not bordered, setiferous. Elytra (
<figureCitation id="778C2A1943285A57FC232A31C65FA457" box="[939,1073,1879,1905]" captionStart="FIGURES 1" captionStartId="2.[151,264,1703,1727]" captionTargetBox="[184,1413,196,1671]" captionTargetId="figure-22@2.[151,1436,179,1684]" captionTargetPageId="2" captionText="FIGURES 1A–C. Sphaeraphodius gaohani Kakizoe, Jiang &amp; Wang, new genus and new species (holotype, female).A, habitus, dorsal view; B, habitus, ventral view; C, habitus, lateral view." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4636471" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4636471/files/figure.png" pageId="1" pageNumber="334">Figs. 1A–C</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="778C2A1943285A57FBB62A31C60CA457" box="[1086,1122,1879,1905]" captionStart="FIGURES 2" captionStartId="3.[151,264,1883,1907]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,554,1866]" captionTargetId="figure-190@3.[151,1436,554,1866]" captionTargetPageId="3" captionText="FIGURES 2A–E. Sphaeraphodius gaohani Kakizoe, Jiang &amp; Wang, new genus and new species (holotype, female). A, head, dorsal view; B, right elytron, dorsal view; C, antennae, ventral view; D, right hind wing, dorsal view; E, tergite 8 (pygidium), dorsal view." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4636475" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4636475/files/figure.png" pageId="1" pageNumber="334">2B</figureCitation>
), weakly elongate, strongly convex dorsally, higher than pronotum; sides weakly depressed; outer edges densely setiferous; elytral striae indistinct; only stria 1 and stria 2 visible three-fourths from elytral base; humeral and apical calli absent; epipleuron wide. Macropterous (
<figureCitation id="778C2A1943285A57FECA2AA5C3F2A4FB" box="[322,412,1987,2013]" captionStart="FIGURES 2" captionStartId="3.[151,264,1883,1907]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,554,1866]" captionTargetId="figure-190@3.[151,1436,554,1866]" captionTargetPageId="3" captionText="FIGURES 2A–E. Sphaeraphodius gaohani Kakizoe, Jiang &amp; Wang, new genus and new species (holotype, female). A, head, dorsal view; B, right elytron, dorsal view; C, antennae, ventral view; D, right hind wing, dorsal view; E, tergite 8 (pygidium), dorsal view." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4636475" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4636475/files/figure.png" pageId="1" pageNumber="334">Fig. 2D</figureCitation>
). Scutellum (
<figureCitation id="778C2A1943285A57FDB92AA5C0E9A4FB" box="[561,647,1987,2013]" captionStart="FIGURES 1" captionStartId="2.[151,264,1703,1727]" captionTargetBox="[184,1413,196,1671]" captionTargetId="figure-22@2.[151,1436,179,1684]" captionTargetPageId="2" captionText="FIGURES 1A–C. Sphaeraphodius gaohani Kakizoe, Jiang &amp; Wang, new genus and new species (holotype, female).A, habitus, dorsal view; B, habitus, ventral view; C, habitus, lateral view." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4636471" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4636471/files/figure.png" pageId="1" pageNumber="334">Fig. 1A</figureCitation>
) isosceles triangular with curved sides. Prosternum (
<figureCitation id="778C2A1943285A57FB502AA5C741A4FB" box="[1240,1327,1987,2013]" captionStart="FIGURES 1" captionStartId="2.[151,264,1703,1727]" captionTargetBox="[184,1413,196,1671]" captionTargetId="figure-22@2.[151,1436,179,1684]" captionTargetPageId="2" captionText="FIGURES 1A–C. Sphaeraphodius gaohani Kakizoe, Jiang &amp; Wang, new genus and new species (holotype, female).A, habitus, dorsal view; B, habitus, ventral view; C, habitus, lateral view." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4636471" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4636471/files/figure.png" pageId="1" pageNumber="334">Fig. 1B</figureCitation>
); anterior half of propectus imbricate except sides of propectus; posterior half of propectus shiny; preprosternal apophysis slightly protruding, with several long setae; postprosternal apophysis, obtuse, shiny, with several setae ventrally in posterior half. Mesoventrite (
<figureCitation id="778C2A19432B5A54FE6C2A35C055A44B" box="[484,571,1875,1901]" captionStart="FIGURES 1" captionStartId="2.[151,264,1703,1727]" captionTargetBox="[184,1413,196,1671]" captionTargetId="figure-22@2.[151,1436,179,1684]" captionTargetPageId="2" captionText="FIGURES 1A–C. Sphaeraphodius gaohani Kakizoe, Jiang &amp; Wang, new genus and new species (holotype, female).A, habitus, dorsal view; B, habitus, ventral view; C, habitus, lateral view." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4636471" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4636471/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="335">Fig. 1B</figureCitation>
) sparsely setose, imbricate. Metaventrite (
<figureCitation id="778C2A19432B5A54FB972A35C618A44B" box="[1055,1142,1875,1901]" captionStart="FIGURES 1" captionStartId="2.[151,264,1703,1727]" captionTargetBox="[184,1413,196,1671]" captionTargetId="figure-22@2.[151,1436,179,1684]" captionTargetPageId="2" captionText="FIGURES 1A–C. Sphaeraphodius gaohani Kakizoe, Jiang &amp; Wang, new genus and new species (holotype, female).A, habitus, dorsal view; B, habitus, ventral view; C, habitus, lateral view." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4636471" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4636471/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="335">Fig. 1B</figureCitation>
) wide, flattened, sparsely setose, imbricate. Abdomen (
<figureCitation id="778C2A19432B5A54FE552A11C05DA4B7" box="[477,563,1911,1937]" captionStart="FIGURES 1" captionStartId="2.[151,264,1703,1727]" captionTargetBox="[184,1413,196,1671]" captionTargetId="figure-22@2.[151,1436,179,1684]" captionTargetPageId="2" captionText="FIGURES 1A–C. Sphaeraphodius gaohani Kakizoe, Jiang &amp; Wang, new genus and new species (holotype, female).A, habitus, dorsal view; B, habitus, ventral view; C, habitus, lateral view." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4636471" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4636471/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="335">Fig. 1B</figureCitation>
); venter with 6 freely movable abdominal ventrites, all sparsely setaceous, rugose, moderately micropunctate. Tergite 8 (= pygidium;
<figureCitation id="778C2A19432B5A54FC822AFDC132A493" box="[778,860,1947,1973]" captionStart="FIGURES 2" captionStartId="3.[151,264,1883,1907]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,554,1866]" captionTargetId="figure-190@3.[151,1436,554,1866]" captionTargetPageId="3" captionText="FIGURES 2A–E. Sphaeraphodius gaohani Kakizoe, Jiang &amp; Wang, new genus and new species (holotype, female). A, head, dorsal view; B, right elytron, dorsal view; C, antennae, ventral view; D, right hind wing, dorsal view; E, tergite 8 (pygidium), dorsal view." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4636475" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4636475/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="335">Fig. 2E</figureCitation>
) weakly convex, alutaceous, sparsely setose, imbricate; apical margin with several long setae. Profemora (
<figureCitation id="778C2A19432B5A54FC892AD9C10CA4FF" box="[769,866,1983,2009]" captionStart="FIGURES 1" captionStartId="2.[151,264,1703,1727]" captionTargetBox="[184,1413,196,1671]" captionTargetId="figure-22@2.[151,1436,179,1684]" captionTargetPageId="2" captionText="FIGURES 1A–C. Sphaeraphodius gaohani Kakizoe, Jiang &amp; Wang, new genus and new species (holotype, female).A, habitus, dorsal view; B, habitus, ventral view; C, habitus, lateral view." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4636471" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4636471/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="335">Figs. 1B</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="778C2A19432B5A54FCE62AD9C1FFA4FF" box="[878,913,1983,2009]" captionStart="FIGURES 4" captionStartId="5.[151,264,1424,1448]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,175,1403]" captionTargetId="figure-18@5.[151,1436,175,1408]" captionTargetPageId="5" captionText="FIGURES 4A–I. Sphaeraphodius gaohani Kakizoe, Jiang &amp; Wang, new genus and new species (holotype, female), and potential host termite. A, right fore leg, dorsal view; B, right middle leg, dorsal view; C, right hind leg, dorsal view; D, outer edge of right mesotibia; E, ditto, metatibia; F, apical spinules of right metatibia; G, potential host termite, soldier, dorsal view; H, ditto, left mandible, dorsal view; I, ditto, right mandible, dorsal view." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4636479" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4636479/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="335">4A</figureCitation>
) reddish-brown, broad; dorsal surface sparsely setose, imbricate, with a row of micropunctures; ventral surface shiny, with long setae. Protibiae (
<figureCitation id="778C2A19432A5A55FB762DF1C70CA397" box="[1278,1378,151,177]" captionStart="FIGURES 1" captionStartId="2.[151,264,1703,1727]" captionTargetBox="[184,1413,196,1671]" captionTargetId="figure-22@2.[151,1436,179,1684]" captionTargetPageId="2" captionText="FIGURES 1A–C. Sphaeraphodius gaohani Kakizoe, Jiang &amp; Wang, new genus and new species (holotype, female).A, habitus, dorsal view; B, habitus, ventral view; C, habitus, lateral view." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4636471" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4636471/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="336">Figs. 1B</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="778C2A19432A5A55FAF92DF1C7FAA397" box="[1393,1428,151,177]" captionStart="FIGURES 4" captionStartId="5.[151,264,1424,1448]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,175,1403]" captionTargetId="figure-18@5.[151,1436,175,1408]" captionTargetPageId="5" captionText="FIGURES 4A–I. Sphaeraphodius gaohani Kakizoe, Jiang &amp; Wang, new genus and new species (holotype, female), and potential host termite. A, right fore leg, dorsal view; B, right middle leg, dorsal view; C, right hind leg, dorsal view; D, outer edge of right mesotibia; E, ditto, metatibia; F, apical spinules of right metatibia; G, potential host termite, soldier, dorsal view; H, ditto, left mandible, dorsal view; I, ditto, right mandible, dorsal view." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4636479" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4636479/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="336">4A</figureCitation>
) reddish-brown, broad, sparsely setaceous, imbricate, with apical spur; shape strongly complanate with three external denticles, no basal serration; internal side dilated from slender base. Protarsi (
<figureCitation id="778C2A19432A5A55FBA12DB9C6EFA3DF" box="[1065,1153,223,249]" captionStart="FIGURES 4" captionStartId="5.[151,264,1424,1448]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,175,1403]" captionTargetId="figure-18@5.[151,1436,175,1408]" captionTargetPageId="5" captionText="FIGURES 4A–I. Sphaeraphodius gaohani Kakizoe, Jiang &amp; Wang, new genus and new species (holotype, female), and potential host termite. A, right fore leg, dorsal view; B, right middle leg, dorsal view; C, right hind leg, dorsal view; D, outer edge of right mesotibia; E, ditto, metatibia; F, apical spinules of right metatibia; G, potential host termite, soldier, dorsal view; H, ditto, left mandible, dorsal view; I, ditto, right mandible, dorsal view." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4636479" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4636479/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="336">Fig. 4A</figureCitation>
) pentamerous, two times longer than width of tibial apex, slender, reddish-brown. Anterior claws (
<figureCitation id="778C2A19432A5A55FC402C65C64EA23B" box="[968,1056,259,285]" captionStart="FIGURES 4" captionStartId="5.[151,264,1424,1448]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,175,1403]" captionTargetId="figure-18@5.[151,1436,175,1408]" captionTargetPageId="5" captionText="FIGURES 4A–I. Sphaeraphodius gaohani Kakizoe, Jiang &amp; Wang, new genus and new species (holotype, female), and potential host termite. A, right fore leg, dorsal view; B, right middle leg, dorsal view; C, right hind leg, dorsal view; D, outer edge of right mesotibia; E, ditto, metatibia; F, apical spinules of right metatibia; G, potential host termite, soldier, dorsal view; H, ditto, left mandible, dorsal view; I, ditto, right mandible, dorsal view." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4636479" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4636479/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="336">Fig. 4A</figureCitation>
) normal, symmetrical. Meso- and metafemora (
<figureCitation id="778C2A19432A5A55FEA32C41C3E2A267" box="[299,396,295,321]" captionStart="FIGURES 1" captionStartId="2.[151,264,1703,1727]" captionTargetBox="[184,1413,196,1671]" captionTargetId="figure-22@2.[151,1436,179,1684]" captionTargetPageId="2" captionText="FIGURES 1A–C. Sphaeraphodius gaohani Kakizoe, Jiang &amp; Wang, new genus and new species (holotype, female).A, habitus, dorsal view; B, habitus, ventral view; C, habitus, lateral view." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4636471" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4636471/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="336">Figs. 1B</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="778C2A19432A5A55FE1F2C41C3B4A267" box="[407,474,295,321]" captionStart="FIGURES 4" captionStartId="5.[151,264,1424,1448]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,175,1403]" captionTargetId="figure-18@5.[151,1436,175,1408]" captionTargetPageId="5" captionText="FIGURES 4A–I. Sphaeraphodius gaohani Kakizoe, Jiang &amp; Wang, new genus and new species (holotype, female), and potential host termite. A, right fore leg, dorsal view; B, right middle leg, dorsal view; C, right hind leg, dorsal view; D, outer edge of right mesotibia; E, ditto, metatibia; F, apical spinules of right metatibia; G, potential host termite, soldier, dorsal view; H, ditto, left mandible, dorsal view; I, ditto, right mandible, dorsal view." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4636479" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4636479/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="336">4B–C</figureCitation>
) reddish-brown, broad; dorsal surface with few short setae, moderately micropunctate, imbricate; ventral surface shiny, with long setae. Meso- and metatibiae (
<figureCitation id="778C2A19432A5A55FC5F2C2DC655A243" box="[983,1083,331,357]" captionStart="FIGURES 1" captionStartId="2.[151,264,1703,1727]" captionTargetBox="[184,1413,196,1671]" captionTargetId="figure-22@2.[151,1436,179,1684]" captionTargetPageId="2" captionText="FIGURES 1A–C. Sphaeraphodius gaohani Kakizoe, Jiang &amp; Wang, new genus and new species (holotype, female).A, habitus, dorsal view; B, habitus, ventral view; C, habitus, lateral view." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4636471" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4636471/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="336">Figs. 1B</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="778C2A19432A5A55FBC22C2DC6E5A243" box="[1098,1163,331,357]" captionStart="FIGURES 4" captionStartId="5.[151,264,1424,1448]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,175,1403]" captionTargetId="figure-18@5.[151,1436,175,1408]" captionTargetPageId="5" captionText="FIGURES 4A–I. Sphaeraphodius gaohani Kakizoe, Jiang &amp; Wang, new genus and new species (holotype, female), and potential host termite. A, right fore leg, dorsal view; B, right middle leg, dorsal view; C, right hind leg, dorsal view; D, outer edge of right mesotibia; E, ditto, metatibia; F, apical spinules of right metatibia; G, potential host termite, soldier, dorsal view; H, ditto, left mandible, dorsal view; I, ditto, right mandible, dorsal view." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4636479" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4636479/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="336">4B–E</figureCitation>
) reddish-brown, dilated near base, nearly parallel-sided from apex, edges entire, no transverse setiferous carinae on outer surfaces; fimbriate apically with stout, elongate and irregular spinules; apex with two apical spurs. Apical spurs of metatibiae separated by basal metatarsomere (
<figureCitation id="778C2A19432A5A55FE262CD1C06AA2F7" box="[430,516,439,465]" captionStart="FIGURES 4" captionStartId="5.[151,264,1424,1448]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,175,1403]" captionTargetId="figure-18@5.[151,1436,175,1408]" captionTargetPageId="5" captionText="FIGURES 4A–I. Sphaeraphodius gaohani Kakizoe, Jiang &amp; Wang, new genus and new species (holotype, female), and potential host termite. A, right fore leg, dorsal view; B, right middle leg, dorsal view; C, right hind leg, dorsal view; D, outer edge of right mesotibia; E, ditto, metatibia; F, apical spinules of right metatibia; G, potential host termite, soldier, dorsal view; H, ditto, left mandible, dorsal view; I, ditto, right mandible, dorsal view." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4636479" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4636479/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="336">Fig. 4F</figureCitation>
). Meso- and metatarsi (
<figureCitation id="778C2A19432A5A55FC832CD1C102A2F7" box="[779,876,439,465]" captionStart="FIGURES 1" captionStartId="2.[151,264,1703,1727]" captionTargetBox="[184,1413,196,1671]" captionTargetId="figure-22@2.[151,1436,179,1684]" captionTargetPageId="2" captionText="FIGURES 1A–C. Sphaeraphodius gaohani Kakizoe, Jiang &amp; Wang, new genus and new species (holotype, female).A, habitus, dorsal view; B, habitus, ventral view; C, habitus, lateral view." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4636471" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4636471/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="336">Figs. 1B</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="778C2A19432A5A55FCF12CD1C1D5A2F7" box="[889,955,439,465]" captionStart="FIGURES 4" captionStartId="5.[151,264,1424,1448]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,175,1403]" captionTargetId="figure-18@5.[151,1436,175,1408]" captionTargetPageId="5" captionText="FIGURES 4A–I. Sphaeraphodius gaohani Kakizoe, Jiang &amp; Wang, new genus and new species (holotype, female), and potential host termite. A, right fore leg, dorsal view; B, right middle leg, dorsal view; C, right hind leg, dorsal view; D, outer edge of right mesotibia; E, ditto, metatibia; F, apical spinules of right metatibia; G, potential host termite, soldier, dorsal view; H, ditto, left mandible, dorsal view; I, ditto, right mandible, dorsal view." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4636479" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4636479/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="336">4B–C</figureCitation>
) pentamerous, slender, reddish-brown, tarsomeres 1–4 short. Middle and hind claws (
<figureCitation id="778C2A19432A5A55FD0F2CBDC164A2D3" box="[647,778,475,501]" captionStart="FIGURES 4" captionStartId="5.[151,264,1424,1448]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,175,1403]" captionTargetId="figure-18@5.[151,1436,175,1408]" captionTargetPageId="5" captionText="FIGURES 4A–I. Sphaeraphodius gaohani Kakizoe, Jiang &amp; Wang, new genus and new species (holotype, female), and potential host termite. A, right fore leg, dorsal view; B, right middle leg, dorsal view; C, right hind leg, dorsal view; D, outer edge of right mesotibia; E, ditto, metatibia; F, apical spinules of right metatibia; G, potential host termite, soldier, dorsal view; H, ditto, left mandible, dorsal view; I, ditto, right mandible, dorsal view." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4636479" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4636479/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="336">Figs. 4B–C</figureCitation>
) normal, symmetrical. Gonocoxites (
<figureCitation id="778C2A19432A5A55FB382CBDC754A2D3" box="[1200,1338,475,501]" captionStart="FIGURES 3" captionStartId="4.[151,264,1881,1905]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,822,1864]" captionTargetId="figure-308@4.[151,1436,822,1864]" captionTargetPageId="4" captionText="FIGURES 3A–J. Sphaeraphodius gaohani Kakizoe, Jiang &amp; Wang, new genus and new species (holotype, female).A, epipharynx, ventral view; B, left mandible, dorsal view; C, left mandible, ventral view; D, left maxilla, ventral view; E. labium, left half of dorsal view; F, labium, right lateral view; G, mentum, ventral view; H, abdominal segment IX; I, spermatheca; J, distal gonocoxite." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4636477" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4636477/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="336">Figs. 3H, 3J</figureCitation>
) weakly sclerotized; distal coxites droplet-shaped, densely setiferous on inner edges. Spermatheca (
<figureCitation id="778C2A19432A5A55FB072C99C6B5A13F" box="[1167,1243,511,537]" captionStart="FIGURES 3" captionStartId="4.[151,264,1881,1905]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,822,1864]" captionTargetId="figure-308@4.[151,1436,822,1864]" captionTargetPageId="4" captionText="FIGURES 3A–J. Sphaeraphodius gaohani Kakizoe, Jiang &amp; Wang, new genus and new species (holotype, female).A, epipharynx, ventral view; B, left mandible, dorsal view; C, left mandible, ventral view; D, left maxilla, ventral view; E. labium, left half of dorsal view; F, labium, right lateral view; G, mentum, ventral view; H, abdominal segment IX; I, spermatheca; J, distal gonocoxite." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4636477" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4636477/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="336">Fig. 3I</figureCitation>
) C-shaped.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<caption id="BBC86614432B5A54FF1F2BC1C167A5FA" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4636471" ID-Zenodo-Dep="4636471" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4636471/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="335" startId="2.[151,264,1703,1727]" targetBox="[184,1413,196,1671]" targetPageId="2">
<paragraph id="EF08369C432B5A54FF1F2BC1C167A5FA" blockId="2.[151,1436,1703,1757]" pageId="2" pageNumber="335">
<emphasis id="DDC3EA8E432B5A54FF1F2BC1C33FA599" bold="true" box="[151,337,1703,1727]" pageId="2" pageNumber="335">FIGURES 1A–C.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="28B74D1F432B5A54FEDF2BC1C127A5E6" authority="Kakizoe, Jiang &amp; Wang" authorityName="Kakizoe, Jiang &amp; Wang" authorityYear="2021" box="[343,841,1703,1728]" class="Insecta" family="Scarabaeidae" genus="Sphaeraphodius" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="335" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="gaohani" status="new genus and new species">
<emphasis id="DDC3EA8E432B5A54FEDF2BC1C03AA599" box="[343,596,1703,1727]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="335">Sphaeraphodius gaohani</emphasis>
Kakizoe, Jiang &amp; Wang
</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicNameLabel id="C6F057F5432B5A54FCDB2BCEC60BA599" box="[851,1125,1703,1728]" pageId="2" pageNumber="335" rank="species">new genus and new species</taxonomicNameLabel>
(holotype, female). A, habitus, dorsal view; B, habitus, ventral view; C, habitus, lateral view.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<caption id="BBC86614432A5A55FF1F2A3DC37CA48B" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4636475" ID-Zenodo-Dep="4636475" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4636475/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="336" startId="3.[151,264,1883,1907]" targetBox="[151,1436,554,1866]" targetPageId="3">
<paragraph id="EF08369C432A5A55FF1F2A3DC37CA48B" blockId="3.[151,1436,1883,1965]" pageId="3" pageNumber="336">
<emphasis id="DDC3EA8E432A5A55FF1F2A3DC33CA455" bold="true" box="[151,338,1883,1907]" pageId="3" pageNumber="336">FIGURES 2A–E.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="28B74D1F432A5A55FED12A3DC13AA455" authority="Kakizoe, Jiang &amp; Wang" authorityName="Kakizoe, Jiang &amp; Wang" authorityYear="2021" box="[345,852,1883,1907]" class="Insecta" family="Scarabaeidae" genus="Sphaeraphodius" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="336" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="gaohani" status="new genus and new species">
<emphasis id="DDC3EA8E432A5A55FED12A3DC039A455" box="[345,599,1883,1907]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="336">Sphaeraphodius gaohani</emphasis>
Kakizoe, Jiang &amp; Wang
</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicNameLabel id="C6F057F5432A5A55FCD72A3DC616A455" box="[863,1144,1883,1907]" pageId="3" pageNumber="336" rank="species">new genus and new species</taxonomicNameLabel>
(holotype, female). A, head, dorsal view; B, right elytron, dorsal view; C, antennae, ventral view; D, right hind wing, dorsal view; E, tergite 8 (pygidium), dorsal view.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<subSubSection id="A7AD6517432D5A52FF4F2DF0C3C7A3DE" pageId="4" pageNumber="337" type="etymology">
<paragraph id="EF08369C432D5A52FF4F2DF0C318A3F2" blockId="4.[151,1436,150,536]" pageId="4" pageNumber="337">
<emphasis id="DDC3EA8E432D5A52FF4F2DF0C320A396" bold="true" box="[199,334,150,176]" pageId="4" pageNumber="337">Etymology.</emphasis>
A combination of the Greek word
<emphasis id="DDC3EA8E432D5A52FD602DF0C150A396" box="[744,830,150,176]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="337">sphaira</emphasis>
(σφαίρα) meaning “sphere”, and
<taxonomicName id="28B74D1F432D5A52FB4D2DF0C741A396" authorityName="Hellwig" authorityYear="1798" box="[1221,1327,150,176]" class="Insecta" family="Aphodiidae" genus="Aphodius" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="337" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="DDC3EA8E432D5A52FB4D2DF0C741A396" box="[1221,1327,150,176]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="337">Aphodius</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, the
<typeStatus id="300C883E432D5A52FAE42DF1C7F2A397" box="[1388,1436,151,177]" pageId="4" pageNumber="337">type</typeStatus>
genus of
<taxonomicName id="28B74D1F432D5A52FF742DDCC31FA3F2" authorityName="Leach" authorityYear="1815" box="[252,369,186,212]" class="Insecta" family="Scarabaeidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="337" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="tribe" tribe="Aphodiini">Aphodiini</taxonomicName>
.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="EF08369C432D5A52FF4F2DB8C3C7A3DE" blockId="4.[151,1436,150,536]" box="[199,425,222,248]" pageId="4" pageNumber="337">
<emphasis id="DDC3EA8E432D5A52FF4F2DB8C348A3DE" bold="true" box="[199,294,222,248]" pageId="4" pageNumber="337">Gender.</emphasis>
Masculine.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="A7AD6517432D5A52FF4F2C64C7F2A005" pageId="4" pageNumber="337" type="diagnosis">
<paragraph id="EF08369C432D5A52FF4F2C64C3CCA267" blockId="4.[151,1436,150,536]" pageId="4" pageNumber="337">
<emphasis id="DDC3EA8E432D5A52FF4F2C64C32CA23A" bold="true" box="[199,322,258,284]" pageId="4" pageNumber="337">Diagnosis.</emphasis>
This genus is readily distinguished from other genera of
<taxonomicName id="28B74D1F432D5A52FC452C64C651A23A" authorityName="Leach" authorityYear="1815" box="[973,1087,258,284]" class="Insecta" family="Scarabaeidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="337" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="tribe" tribe="Aphodiini">Aphodiini</taxonomicName>
by the combination of the following character status:
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="EF08369C432D5A52FF4F2C2CC03AA242" blockId="4.[151,1436,150,536]" box="[199,596,330,356]" pageId="4" pageNumber="337">
1. Body swollen dorsally (
<figureCitation id="778C2A19432D5A52FE672C2CC028A242" box="[495,582,330,356]" captionStart="FIGURES 1" captionStartId="2.[151,264,1703,1727]" captionTargetBox="[184,1413,196,1671]" captionTargetId="figure-22@2.[151,1436,179,1684]" captionTargetPageId="2" captionText="FIGURES 1A–C. Sphaeraphodius gaohani Kakizoe, Jiang &amp; Wang, new genus and new species (holotype, female).A, habitus, dorsal view; B, habitus, ventral view; C, habitus, lateral view." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4636471" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4636471/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="337">Fig. 1C</figureCitation>
).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="EF08369C432D5A52FF4F2C08C1E7A2AE" blockId="4.[151,1436,150,536]" box="[199,905,366,393]" pageId="4" pageNumber="337">
2. Dorsal body surface covered with erect setae (
<figureCitation id="778C2A19432D5A52FD612C08C115A2AE" box="[745,891,366,392]" captionStart="FIGURES 1" captionStartId="2.[151,264,1703,1727]" captionTargetBox="[184,1413,196,1671]" captionTargetId="figure-22@2.[151,1436,179,1684]" captionTargetPageId="2" captionText="FIGURES 1A–C. Sphaeraphodius gaohani Kakizoe, Jiang &amp; Wang, new genus and new species (holotype, female).A, habitus, dorsal view; B, habitus, ventral view; C, habitus, lateral view." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4636471" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4636471/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="337">Figs. 1A, 1C</figureCitation>
).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="EF08369C432D5A52FF4F2CF4C69DA28A" blockId="4.[151,1436,150,536]" box="[199,1267,402,429]" pageId="4" pageNumber="337">
3. Transverse setiferous carinae on outer surfaces of meso- and metatibiae absent (
<figureCitation id="778C2A19432D5A52FBE92CF4C688A28A" box="[1121,1254,402,428]" captionStart="FIGURES 4" captionStartId="5.[151,264,1424,1448]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,175,1403]" captionTargetId="figure-18@5.[151,1436,175,1408]" captionTargetPageId="5" captionText="FIGURES 4A–I. Sphaeraphodius gaohani Kakizoe, Jiang &amp; Wang, new genus and new species (holotype, female), and potential host termite. A, right fore leg, dorsal view; B, right middle leg, dorsal view; C, right hind leg, dorsal view; D, outer edge of right mesotibia; E, ditto, metatibia; F, apical spinules of right metatibia; G, potential host termite, soldier, dorsal view; H, ditto, left mandible, dorsal view; I, ditto, right mandible, dorsal view." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4636479" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4636479/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="337">Figs. 4D–E</figureCitation>
).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="EF08369C432D5A52FF4F2CD0C64CA2F6" blockId="4.[151,1436,150,536]" box="[199,1058,438,464]" pageId="4" pageNumber="337">
4. Pronotal and elytral sides along margins weakly depressed (
<figureCitation id="778C2A19432D5A52FC092CD0C67AA2F6" box="[897,1044,438,464]" captionStart="FIGURES 1" captionStartId="2.[151,264,1703,1727]" captionTargetBox="[184,1413,196,1671]" captionTargetId="figure-22@2.[151,1436,179,1684]" captionTargetPageId="2" captionText="FIGURES 1A–C. Sphaeraphodius gaohani Kakizoe, Jiang &amp; Wang, new genus and new species (holotype, female).A, habitus, dorsal view; B, habitus, ventral view; C, habitus, lateral view." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4636471" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4636471/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="337">Figs. 1A, 1C</figureCitation>
).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="EF08369C432D5A52FF4F2CBCC1C7A2D2" blockId="4.[151,1436,150,536]" box="[199,937,474,501]" pageId="4" pageNumber="337">
5. Pronotal and elytral margins densely bristled (
<figureCitation id="778C2A19432D5A52FD602CBCC102A2D2" box="[744,876,474,500]" captionStart="FIGURES 1" captionStartId="2.[151,264,1703,1727]" captionTargetBox="[184,1413,196,1671]" captionTargetId="figure-22@2.[151,1436,179,1684]" captionTargetPageId="2" captionText="FIGURES 1A–C. Sphaeraphodius gaohani Kakizoe, Jiang &amp; Wang, new genus and new species (holotype, female).A, habitus, dorsal view; B, habitus, ventral view; C, habitus, lateral view." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4636471" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4636471/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="337">Figs. 1A–C</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="778C2A19432D5A52FCF02CBCC1F5A2D2" box="[888,923,474,500]" captionStart="FIGURES 2" captionStartId="3.[151,264,1883,1907]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,554,1866]" captionTargetId="figure-190@3.[151,1436,554,1866]" captionTargetPageId="3" captionText="FIGURES 2A–E. Sphaeraphodius gaohani Kakizoe, Jiang &amp; Wang, new genus and new species (holotype, female). A, head, dorsal view; B, right elytron, dorsal view; C, antennae, ventral view; D, right hind wing, dorsal view; E, tergite 8 (pygidium), dorsal view." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4636475" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4636475/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="337">2B</figureCitation>
).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="EF08369C432D5A52FF4F2C98C1F5A13E" blockId="4.[151,1436,150,536]" box="[199,923,510,536]" pageId="4" pageNumber="337">
6. Elytral striae extremely shallow, indistinct (
<figureCitation id="778C2A19432D5A52FD442C98C133A13E" box="[716,861,510,536]" captionStart="FIGURES 1" captionStartId="2.[151,264,1703,1727]" captionTargetBox="[184,1413,196,1671]" captionTargetId="figure-22@2.[151,1436,179,1684]" captionTargetPageId="2" captionText="FIGURES 1A–C. Sphaeraphodius gaohani Kakizoe, Jiang &amp; Wang, new genus and new species (holotype, female).A, habitus, dorsal view; B, habitus, ventral view; C, habitus, lateral view." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4636471" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4636471/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="337">Figs. 1A, 1C</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="778C2A19432D5A52FCE22C98C1E0A13E" box="[874,910,510,536]" captionStart="FIGURES 2" captionStartId="3.[151,264,1883,1907]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,554,1866]" captionTargetId="figure-190@3.[151,1436,554,1866]" captionTargetPageId="3" captionText="FIGURES 2A–E. Sphaeraphodius gaohani Kakizoe, Jiang &amp; Wang, new genus and new species (holotype, female). A, head, dorsal view; B, right elytron, dorsal view; C, antennae, ventral view; D, right hind wing, dorsal view; E, tergite 8 (pygidium), dorsal view." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4636475" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4636475/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="337">2B</figureCitation>
).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="EF08369C432D5A52FF1F2F0DC1DBA18E" blockId="4.[151,1437,618,681]" pageId="4" pageNumber="337">
In the key to genera of
<taxonomicName id="28B74D1F432D5A52FE192F0CC06DA1A2" authorityName="Leach" authorityYear="1815" box="[401,515,618,644]" class="Insecta" family="Scarabaeidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="337" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="tribe" tribe="Aphodiini">Aphodiini</taxonomicName>
by
<bibRefCitation id="8B264B6D432D5A52FDA22F0CC148A1A2" author="Dellacasa, G. &amp; Bordat, P. &amp; Dellacasa, M." box="[554,806,618,644]" pageId="4" pageNumber="337" pagination="1 - 482" refId="ref3644" refString="Dellacasa, G., Bordat, P. &amp; Dellacasa, M. (2001) A revisional essay of world genus-group taxa of Aphodiinae. Memorie della Societa Entomologica Italiana, 79, 1 - 482." type="journal article" year="2001">
Dellacasa
<emphasis id="DDC3EA8E432D5A52FD152F0DC0BAA1A2" box="[669,724,618,644]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="337">et al.</emphasis>
(2001)
</bibRefCitation>
, the genus
<taxonomicName id="28B74D1F432D5A52FC172F0CC70AA1A3" authority="Kakizoe, Jiang &amp; Wang" authorityName="Kakizoe, Jiang &amp; Wang" authorityYear="2021" box="[927,1380,618,645]" class="Insecta" family="Scarabaeidae" genus="Sphaeraphodius" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="337" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus" status="gen. nov.">
<emphasis id="DDC3EA8E432D5A52FC172F0CC63BA1A2" box="[927,1109,618,644]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="337">Sphaeraphodius</emphasis>
Kakizoe, Jiang &amp; Wang
</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicNameLabel id="C6F057F5432D5A52FAE62F0DC2B6A18F" pageId="4" pageNumber="337" rank="genus">new genus</taxonomicNameLabel>
can be separated by inserting 2a’ before the couplet 2 as follows:
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="EF08369C432D5A52FF1F2FB5C7F2A020" blockId="4.[151,1436,723,804]" pageId="4" pageNumber="337">
2a. Dorsal surface with long, erect setae; pronotal and elytral lateral margins densely bristled. Elytral striae extremely shallow, indistinct
<emphasis id="DDC3EA8E432D5A52FE872F97C1F3A020" box="[271,925,753,774]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="337">.......................................................</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="28B74D1F432D5A52FC2C2F96C743A020" authority="Kakizoe, Jiang &amp; Wang" authorityName="Kakizoe, Jiang &amp; Wang" authorityYear="2021" box="[932,1325,752,774]" class="Insecta" family="Scarabaeidae" genus="Sphaeraphodius" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="337" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus" status="gen. nov.">
<emphasis id="DDC3EA8E432D5A52FC2C2F96C62EA023" box="[932,1088,752,773]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="337">Sphaeraphodius</emphasis>
Kakizoe, Jiang &amp; Wang
</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicNameLabel id="C6F057F5432D5A52FABE2F97C7F2A020" box="[1334,1436,753,774]" pageId="4" pageNumber="337" rank="genus">new genus</taxonomicNameLabel>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="EF08369C432D5A52FF1F2E68C7F2A005" blockId="4.[151,1436,723,804]" box="[151,1436,782,804]" pageId="4" pageNumber="337">2a’. Not all of the above character status simultaneously present...................................................... 2</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>
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