191 lines
24 KiB
XML
191 lines
24 KiB
XML
<document id="C7778BB03E19ABE39ADFB86FDE000914" ID-DOI="10.5252/z2011n3a3" ID-ISSN="1638-9387" ID-Zenodo-Dep="4546941" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.tables_requiresApprovalFor="existingObjects,plazi" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1613603788907" checkinUser="felipe" docAuthor="Gómez, José Francisco, Nieves-Aldrey, José Luis, Nieves, María Hernández & Stone, Graham Nicholas" docDate="2011" docId="03E487A7AF5127670625FF136B60FE09" docLanguage="en" docName="Zoosystema.33.3.287-323.pdf" docOrigin="Zoosystema 33 (3)" docSource="http://dx.doi.org/10.5252/z2011n3a3" docStyle="DocumentStyle:EB3C2C73672D2E883259A050BD27978B.6:Zoosystema.2011-2012.journal_article" docStyleId="EB3C2C73672D2E883259A050BD27978B" docStyleName="Zoosystema.2011-2012.journal_article" docStyleVersion="6" docTitle="Eurytoma rufipes Walker 1832" docType="treatment" docVersion="3" lastPageNumber="314" masterDocId="FFDDFFDFAF4B277C0523FFCB691BFFD8" masterDocTitle="Comparative morphology and biology of terminalinstar larvae of some Eurytoma (Hymenoptera, Eurytomidae) species parasitoids of gall wasps (Hymenoptera, Cynipidae) in western Europe" masterLastPageNumber="323" masterPageNumber="287" pageNumber="313" updateTime="1698873130332" updateUser="plazi" zenodo-license-document="CC0-1.0" zenodo-license-figures="CC0-1.0" zenodo-license-treatments="UNSPECIFIED">
|
||
<mods:mods id="30347299C5B723775029CA270D9D7AF6" xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
|
||
<mods:titleInfo id="4D3ADCA817AA81C17F4EEAA02FFC9253">
|
||
<mods:title id="3B143CD83D92D4428CDE519F6BB1FD70">Comparative morphology and biology of terminalinstar larvae of some Eurytoma (Hymenoptera, Eurytomidae) species parasitoids of gall wasps (Hymenoptera, Cynipidae) in western Europe</mods:title>
|
||
</mods:titleInfo>
|
||
<mods:name id="EA1D62B2443B4B05E8EC21D304B57AF7" type="personal">
|
||
<mods:role id="B13AB245D44A2B9A5271B2C80617C728">
|
||
<mods:roleTerm id="F25B4C66718DFDD5197800D0A7F605B6">Author</mods:roleTerm>
|
||
</mods:role>
|
||
<mods:namePart id="5D7C953703AF251DAF594F1A2853F62D">Gómez, José Francisco</mods:namePart>
|
||
<mods:affiliation id="6E3885350C6EE15D97D5AA39626B4D26">Facultad de Ciencias Biológicas (UCM), Departamento de Zoología y Antropología Física, Ciudad Universitaria, 28040 Madrid (Spain) jf. gomez @ bio. ucm. es</mods:affiliation>
|
||
</mods:name>
|
||
<mods:name id="7736B74F98B842E8B8DFA3DC6D96E0A3" type="personal">
|
||
<mods:role id="EE0134D38B3CF4EC1A485285F1E4F25F">
|
||
<mods:roleTerm id="B10696175852E23461BB5A6CADF1C6F5">Author</mods:roleTerm>
|
||
</mods:role>
|
||
<mods:namePart id="B0D02D48AC4BA05DBAA986E3DEB1E511">Nieves-Aldrey, José Luis</mods:namePart>
|
||
</mods:name>
|
||
<mods:name id="BCC696BCBE8C3DC2651A45F3D71BCC1F" type="personal">
|
||
<mods:role id="32F6389F450D86BCD98629F91B0FAE2B">
|
||
<mods:roleTerm id="F9B6F1F7150C17014B206F7ABDC5BCE8">Author</mods:roleTerm>
|
||
</mods:role>
|
||
<mods:namePart id="7925773E7F1C94345541678B99ABE5FE">Nieves, María Hernández</mods:namePart>
|
||
<mods:affiliation id="41D9A1175DE03EFFCBDA916234876F30">Museo Nacional de Ciencias Naturales (CSIC), Departamento de Biodiversidad y Biología Evolutiva, c / José Gutiérrez Abascal 2, 28006 Madrid (Spain) aldrey @ mncn. csic. es</mods:affiliation>
|
||
</mods:name>
|
||
<mods:name id="AD433FDFA011A03EFA182009C835BEE7" type="personal">
|
||
<mods:role id="0B8ADD24CFA4781B15A5A340F560C238">
|
||
<mods:roleTerm id="E1FA322FB9333D1A502C8CFD1B0CCD7C">Author</mods:roleTerm>
|
||
</mods:role>
|
||
<mods:namePart id="543D013ADFF5697DBC0D57222ACC88F6">Stone, Graham Nicholas</mods:namePart>
|
||
<mods:affiliation id="11F66D0CDBF38D812C701F5B16FD773F">Institute of Evolutionary Biology, University of Edinburgh, School of Biological Sciences, The King’s Buildings, West Mains Road, Edinburgh, EH 9 3 JT (United Kingdom) graham. stone @ ed. ac. uk</mods:affiliation>
|
||
<mods:nameIdentifier id="0980E0F5193C9D4D5416A930A567E761" type="email">stone@ed.ac.uk</mods:nameIdentifier>
|
||
</mods:name>
|
||
<mods:typeOfResource id="AFDD1974B04639A7A998D8BE8611B0D3">text</mods:typeOfResource>
|
||
<mods:relatedItem id="E525E40D38CEC2B70304E2B60B2EEBD0" type="host">
|
||
<mods:titleInfo id="5BF3BB0589CCDC796DF4A07DC475F4B5">
|
||
<mods:title id="F1A578115260ACA68493B1948D4A6D53">Zoosystema</mods:title>
|
||
</mods:titleInfo>
|
||
<mods:part id="9476F73258CB8222633F55AE52779B79">
|
||
<mods:date id="2BB7A947F5CBC6526D9E350BF179780F">2011</mods:date>
|
||
<mods:detail id="75B4C411140110D545689F07188DFE8D" type="pubDate">
|
||
<mods:number id="F619F3AF9428F688B04120F3FC00D0A9">2011-09-30</mods:number>
|
||
</mods:detail>
|
||
<mods:detail id="DECA2FD4784BB4D6AD4BB9A60A7B0E7F" type="volume">
|
||
<mods:number id="54919D30A1412AB4A66D5858873D57A5">33</mods:number>
|
||
</mods:detail>
|
||
<mods:detail id="901D31E13B1BA8CE7C5CC7BD168A45C6" type="issue">
|
||
<mods:number id="231D29DB2E4F02BD27EEA071D5C055D9">3</mods:number>
|
||
</mods:detail>
|
||
<mods:extent id="188936920CC4F35FCE48601F8DCF210B" unit="page">
|
||
<mods:start id="BE59BB65FB15569370E54D05EC07FAD9">287</mods:start>
|
||
<mods:end id="A63E569407A0F2FAD58F5FB472898605">323</mods:end>
|
||
</mods:extent>
|
||
</mods:part>
|
||
</mods:relatedItem>
|
||
<mods:location id="D21C6CB43A4A8E8BDDBD072FFEBC9669">
|
||
<mods:url id="10586AF168FFD10148063DD05995C1C2">http://dx.doi.org/10.5252/z2011n3a3</mods:url>
|
||
</mods:location>
|
||
<mods:classification id="4343FA9986570784C1850F88429B55F9">journal article</mods:classification>
|
||
<mods:identifier id="AE236EB6B0F3351F405E646FCBF3078C" type="DOI">10.5252/z2011n3a3</mods:identifier>
|
||
<mods:identifier id="69B54AAFC36AFBC2DBD19CB2AADA8F1C" type="ISSN">1638-9387</mods:identifier>
|
||
<mods:identifier id="D11BDF4585EAD1F7B9894D52555D993E" type="Zenodo-Dep">4546941</mods:identifier>
|
||
</mods:mods>
|
||
<treatment id="03E487A7AF5127670625FF136B60FE09" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03E487A7AF5127670625FF136B60FE09" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/03E487A7AF5127670625FF136B60FE09" lastPageId="27" lastPageNumber="314" pageId="26" pageNumber="313">
|
||
<subSubSection id="C357653AAF5127660625FF136D43FF2B" box="[774,1112,215,243]" pageId="26" pageNumber="313" type="nomenclature">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BF236B1AF5127660625FF136D43FF2B" blockId="26.[774,1112,215,243]" box="[774,1112,215,243]" pageId="26" pageNumber="313">
|
||
<heading id="D0BA81DDAF5127660625FF136D43FF2B" box="[774,1112,215,243]" centered="true" fontSize="11" level="2" pageId="26" pageNumber="313" reason="2">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C4D4D32AF5127660625FF136D43FF2B" ID-CoL="3D82C" authority="Walker, 1832" authorityName="Walker" authorityYear="1832" box="[774,1112,215,243]" class="Insecta" family="Eurytomidae" genus="Eurytoma" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="26" pageNumber="313" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="rufipes">
|
||
<emphasis id="B939EAA3AF5127660625FF136ADAFF29" bold="true" box="[774,961,215,242]" italics="true" pageId="26" pageNumber="313">Eurytoma rufipes</emphasis>
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFDC4B40AF51276606E4FF136D43FF2B" author="WALKER F." box="[967,1112,216,243]" pageId="26" pageNumber="313" pagination="12 - 29" refId="ref22826" refString="WALKER F. 1832. - Monographia Chalciditum. The Entomological Magazine 1 (1): 12 - 29." type="journal article" year="1832">Walker, 1832</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
</heading>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C357653AAF5127660786FEDA6D03FE75" pageId="26" pageNumber="313" type="materials_examined">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BF236B1AF5127660786FEDA6D03FE75" blockId="26.[677,1212,272,429]" pageId="26" pageNumber="313">
|
||
MATERIAL EXAMINED. — Ex
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C4D4D32AF512766068FFEDA6D68FEF1" baseAuthorityName="Thomson" baseAuthorityYear="1877" box="[940,1139,273,297]" class="Insecta" family="Cynipidae" genus="Xestophanes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="26" pageNumber="313" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="brevitarsis">
|
||
<emphasis id="B939EAA3AF512766068FFEDA6D68FEF1" box="[940,1139,273,297]" italics="true" pageId="26" pageNumber="313">Xestophanes brevitarsis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
:
|
||
<emphasis id="B939EAA3AF512766015EFEDB6DA8FEF0" bold="true" box="[1149,1203,272,296]" pageId="26" pageNumber="313">
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F35A7621AF512766015EFEDB6DA8FEF0" box="[1149,1203,272,296]" name="Spain" pageId="26" pageNumber="313">Spain</collectingCountry>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
. La Coruña, Arins,
|
||
<date id="FFF31071AF512766067BFEE06AC9FE9B" box="[856,978,299,323]" pageId="26" pageNumber="313" value="2003-07-17">17.VII.2003</date>
|
||
, J. L.
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F35A7621AF5127660128FEE06D50FE9B" box="[1035,1099,299,323]" name="Saint Kitts and Nevis" pageId="26" pageNumber="313">Nieves</collectingCountry>
|
||
leg (n = 2). Ex
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C4D4D32AF51276607E4FE8D6A51FE86" baseAuthorityName="Retzius" baseAuthorityYear="1783" box="[711,842,326,350]" class="Insecta" family="Cynipidae" genus="Xestophanes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="26" pageNumber="313" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="potentillae">
|
||
<emphasis id="B939EAA3AF51276607E4FE8D6A51FE86" box="[711,842,326,350]" italics="true" pageId="26" pageNumber="313">X. potentillae</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
:
|
||
<emphasis id="B939EAA3AF5127660679FE8E6A8FFE85" bold="true" box="[858,916,325,349]" pageId="26" pageNumber="313">
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F35A7621AF5127660679FE8E6A8FFE85" box="[858,916,325,349]" name="Spain" pageId="26" pageNumber="313">Spain</collectingCountry>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
<collectingRegion id="4989F853AF5127660687FE8D6AE8FE86" box="[932,1011,326,350]" country="Spain" name="Madrid" pageId="26" pageNumber="313">Madrid</collectingRegion>
|
||
, Cotos de Monterrey,
|
||
<date id="FFF31071AF51276607EDFEAB6A5FFEA0" box="[718,836,352,376]" pageId="26" pageNumber="313" value="2004-06-24">
|
||
24.
|
||
<collectionCode id="ED5CAE74AF51276607CFFEAB6A12FEA0" box="[748,777,352,376]" country="Norway" name="Mykotektet, National Veterinary Institute" pageId="26" pageNumber="313">VI</collectionCode>
|
||
.2004
|
||
</date>
|
||
, J. F. Gómez leg (n = 16, of which
|
||
<specimenCount id="9D4BFD38AF512766018EFEAB6A1AFE4B" pageId="26" pageNumber="313" type="generic">1 specimen</specimenCount>
|
||
<collectionCode id="ED5CAE74AF5127660624FEB06A9FFE4B" box="[775,900,379,403]" pageId="26" pageNumber="313">MNHN-EY</collectionCode>
|
||
6413). — Tarragona, Colldejou,
|
||
<date id="FFF31071AF5127660786FE5E6A30FE75" box="[677,811,405,429]" pageId="26" pageNumber="313" value="2003-08-14">14.VIII.2003</date>
|
||
, J. L.
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F35A7621AF5127660646FE5E6ABDFE75" box="[869,934,405,429]" name="Saint Kitts and Nevis" pageId="26" pageNumber="313">Nieves</collectingCountry>
|
||
leg (n = 6).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C357653AAF5127660786FE1E6D5CFA90" pageId="26" pageNumber="313" type="description">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BF236B1AF5127660786FE1E6A2EFE36" blockId="26.[674,1212,469,1352]" box="[677,821,469,496]" pageId="26" pageNumber="313">DESCRIPTION</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BF236B1AF5127660786FE3E6D3FFD36" blockId="26.[674,1212,469,1352]" pageId="26" pageNumber="313">
|
||
n = 24, body length
|
||
<quantity id="4CB59B54AF5127660654FE3E6AD0FDC8" box="[887,971,501,528]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.7" pageId="26" pageNumber="313" unit="mm" value="1.7">1.7 mm</quantity>
|
||
(range 1.2-2.4;); body width
|
||
<quantity id="4CB59B54AF51276607C5FDDE6A22FDE8" box="[742,825,533,560]" metricMagnitude="-4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="9.0" pageId="26" pageNumber="313" unit="mm" value="0.9">0.9 mm</quantity>
|
||
(0.3-1.3) (
|
||
<figureCitation id="13762A34AF512766068AFDDE6AE7FDE8" box="[937,1020,533,560]" captionStart="FIG" captionStartId="12.[677,687,1612,1629]" captionTargetBox="[712,1174,215,1575]" captionTargetId="figure-428@12.[712,1175,214,1575]" captionTargetPageId="12" captionText="FIG. 6.— Ventralviews of terminal-instar eurytomid larvae:A, Eurytoma rufipes Walker, 1832; B, E. sp. nr. aspila; C, E. sp. nr. jaceae; D, E. strigifrons Thomson, 1876; E, E. timaspidis (Mayr, 1904). Scale bars: 1 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4546953" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4546953/files/figure.png" pageId="26" pageNumber="313">Figs 6A</figureCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<figureCitation id="13762A34AF5127660127FDDE6D3CFDE8" box="[1028,1063,533,560]" captionStart="FIG" captionStartId="14.[677,687,1612,1629]" captionTargetBox="[731,1154,215,1568]" captionTargetId="figure-407@14.[731,1154,214,1568]" captionTargetPageId="14" captionText="FIG. 8.— Lateral views of terminal-instar eurytomid larvae:A, Eurytoma rufipes Walker,1832; B, E. sp. cf. aspila; C, E. sp. cf. jaceae; D, E. strigifrons Thomson, 1876; E, E. timaspidis (Mayr, 1904). Scale bars: 1 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4546957" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4546957/files/figure.png" pageId="26" pageNumber="313">8A</figureCitation>
|
||
); body barrelshaped, tapering posteriorly, widest at segments 1-3; ratio L/W = 1.74; ventral margin of body segments slightly convex; anterodorsal protuberances present from second thoracic segment to the eighth abdominal and not protruding beyond the dorsal margin of body segments (
|
||
<figureCitation id="13762A34AF51276606E0FD186D03FD36" box="[963,1048,723,750]" captionStart="FIG" captionStartId="14.[677,687,1612,1629]" captionTargetBox="[731,1154,215,1568]" captionTargetId="figure-407@14.[731,1154,214,1568]" captionTargetPageId="14" captionText="FIG. 8.— Lateral views of terminal-instar eurytomid larvae:A, Eurytoma rufipes Walker,1832; B, E. sp. cf. aspila; C, E. sp. cf. jaceae; D, E. strigifrons Thomson, 1876; E, E. timaspidis (Mayr, 1904). Scale bars: 1 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4546957" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4546957/files/figure.png" pageId="26" pageNumber="313">Fig. 8A</figureCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BF236B1AF5127660798FD396D8CFBF3" blockId="26.[674,1212,469,1352]" pageId="26" pageNumber="313">
|
||
Antero-medial setae of the antennal area situated slightly below the antennae; antero-medial setae of vertex situated more or less midway between anterior margin of vertex and the antennae (
|
||
<figureCitation id="13762A34AF512766016EFC9A6DB7FCB4" box="[1101,1196,849,876]" captionStart="FIG" captionStartId="16.[113,124,1209,1226]" captionTargetBox="[280,1043,215,1165]" captionTargetId="figure-276@16.[280,1043,214,1165]" captionTargetPageId="16" captionText="FIG. 10. — Anterior views of the head of terminal-instar eurytomid larvae:A, Eurytoma rosae Nees,1834 ex Diplolepis rosae; B, E. rufipes Walker, 1832; C, E. sp. cf. aspila; D, E. sp. cf. jaceae; E, E. strigifrons Thomson, 1876; F, E. timaspidis (Mayr, 1904). Scale bars: A-C, 300 μm; D, 200 μm; E, F, 400 μm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4546961" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4546961/files/figure.png" pageId="26" pageNumber="313">Fig. 10B</figureCitation>
|
||
); ratios SA/LAA = 0.2 and SA/DAV = 1.4; dorsallabral setae as long as clypeal setae; ventral margin of clypeus with a distinct suture; labrum with slight divisions limited to apical part of labrum, showing a pair of lateral flaps and five poorly differentiated lobes; maxillary palps conspicuous (
|
||
<figureCitation id="13762A34AF5127660105FBDB6D91FBF3" box="[1062,1162,1040,1067]" captionStart="FIG" captionStartId="18.[113,124,1244,1261]" captionTargetBox="[242,1082,215,1201]" captionTargetId="figure-193@18.[242,1082,214,1201]" captionTargetPageId="18" captionText="FIG. 12. — Anterior views of mouthparts of terminal-instar eurytomidae larvae:A, Eurytoma robusta Mayr,1878; B, E. rosae Nees,1834 ex Diplolepis rosae; C, E. rufipes Walker,1832;D, E.sp.cf.aspila; E, E. sp. cf. jaceae; F, E.strigifrons Thomson,1876; G, E.timaspidis (Mayr, 1904). Scale bars: A-E, 100 μm; F, G: 200 μm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4546965" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4546965/files/figure.png" pageId="26" pageNumber="313">Fig. 12C</figureCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BF236B1AF5127660798FBE46D5CFA90" blockId="26.[674,1212,469,1352]" pageId="26" pageNumber="313">
|
||
Mandibles with two teeth, exposed in part, with the tip of the first tooth visible (
|
||
<figureCitation id="13762A34AF5127660128FB846D6AFBB2" box="[1035,1137,1103,1130]" captionStart="FIG" captionStartId="18.[113,124,1244,1261]" captionTargetBox="[242,1082,215,1201]" captionTargetId="figure-193@18.[242,1082,214,1201]" captionTargetPageId="18" captionText="FIG. 12. — Anterior views of mouthparts of terminal-instar eurytomidae larvae:A, Eurytoma robusta Mayr,1878; B, E. rosae Nees,1834 ex Diplolepis rosae; C, E. rufipes Walker,1832;D, E.sp.cf.aspila; E, E. sp. cf. jaceae; F, E.strigifrons Thomson,1876; G, E.timaspidis (Mayr, 1904). Scale bars: A-E, 100 μm; F, G: 200 μm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4546965" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4546965/files/figure.png" pageId="26" pageNumber="313">Fig. 12C</figureCitation>
|
||
); ratio L/W 1T = 1.93; outer margin of first tooth strongly convex, tip moderately recurved; apex of the second tooth straight, directed upwards in the same direction as the first tooth, and more or less acute; inner margin of mandible, from the base of second tooth, forming a small projection relatively separated from the base of the second tooth (
|
||
<figureCitation id="13762A34AF51276606C3FAE66D21FA90" box="[992,1082,1325,1352]" captionStart="FIG" captionStartId="20.[113,123,1589,1606]" captionTargetBox="[153,1169,215,1545]" captionTargetId="figure-157@20.[153,1169,214,1545]" captionTargetPageId="20" captionText="FIG. 13.— Anterior views of the right mandible of terminal-instar eurytomid larvae:A, Eurytoma aspila (Walker,1836) ex Phanacis caulicola; B, E. brunniventris Ratzeburg, 1852 ex Cynips quercus (A); C, E. cynipsea Boheman, 1836 ex Phanacis hypochoeridis; D, E. infracta Mayr, 1904; E, E. mayri Ashmead, 1887; F, E. pediaspisi Pujade i Villar, 1994; G, E. robusta Mayr, 1878; H, E. rosae Nees, 1834 ex Diplolepis rosae; I, E. rufipes Walker, 1832; J, E. sp. cf. aspila; K, E. sp. cf. jaceae; L, E. strigifrons Thomson, 1876 (right mandible); M, E. strigifrons (left mandible); N, E. timaspidis (Mayr, 1904). Scales bars: A, D-G, I-N, 50 μm; B, 20 μm; C, H, 100 μm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4546967" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4546967/files/figure.png" pageId="26" pageNumber="313">Fig. 13I</figureCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C357653AAF5127660786FAA76A47F97C" pageId="26" pageNumber="313" type="biology_ecology">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BF236B1AF5127660786FAA76A1EFA5D" blockId="26.[675,1211,1388,1700]" box="[677,773,1388,1415]" pageId="26" pageNumber="313">BIOLOGY</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BF236B1AF5127660786FA476A47F97C" blockId="26.[675,1211,1388,1700]" pageId="26" pageNumber="313">
|
||
This is an ectoparasitoid associated with galls of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C4D4D32AF51276607E7FA606D9CFA1E" authority="(Thomson, 1877)" baseAuthorityName="Thomson" baseAuthorityYear="1877" box="[708,1159,1451,1478]" class="Insecta" family="Cynipidae" genus="Xestophanes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="26" pageNumber="313" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="brevitarsis">
|
||
<emphasis id="B939EAA3AF51276607E7FA606AACFA1D" box="[708,951,1451,1477]" italics="true" pageId="26" pageNumber="313">Xestophanes brevitarsis</emphasis>
|
||
(Thomson, 1877)
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C4D4D32AF5127660784FA076AFBFA3E" authority="(Retzius, 1783)" baseAuthorityName="Retzius" baseAuthorityYear="1783" box="[679,992,1483,1510]" class="Insecta" family="Cynipidae" genus="Xestophanes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="26" pageNumber="313" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="potentillae">
|
||
<emphasis id="B939EAA3AF5127660784FA076A2BFA3D" box="[679,816,1483,1509]" italics="true" pageId="26" pageNumber="313">X. potentillae</emphasis>
|
||
(Retzius, 1783)
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, both developing in runners on different species of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C4D4D32AF51276606FDFA206DACF9DE" box="[990,1207,1515,1542]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Rosaceae" genus="Potentilla" kingdom="Plantae" order="Rosales" pageId="26" pageNumber="313" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B939EAA3AF51276606FDFA206D25F9DD" box="[990,1086,1515,1541]" italics="true" pageId="26" pageNumber="313">Potentilla</emphasis>
|
||
(Rosaceae)
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
. Univoltine and oligophagous, attacking the gallinducing cynipid larva (
|
||
<figureCitation id="13762A34AF5127660697F9E16D00F99D" box="[948,1051,1578,1605]" captionStart="FIG" captionStartId="22.[113,124,997,1014]" captionTargetBox="[134,1189,215,954]" captionTargetId="figure-254@22.[134,1189,214,954]" captionTargetPageId="22" captionText="FIG. 15. — A, section of a gall of Diplolepis mayri showing a fully-grown larva of Eurytoma rosae Nees, 1834; B, cross-section of Xestophanes brevitarsis (Thomson,1877) gall showing fully-grown larva of E. rufipes Walker, 1832 with host larva; C, cross-section of old gall of Aulacidea subterminalis Niblett, 1946 showing fully-grown larva of E. sp. cf. aspila; D, detail of mandibles of E. sp.cf. aspila ex gall of A. subterminalis; E, lateral view of terminal-instar larva of E. strigifrons Thomson,1876 ex gall of Isocolus lichtensteini (Mayr, 1882); F, cross-section of fresh gall of Timaspis phoenixopodos Mayr, 1882 showing fully-grown larvae of E. timaspidis (Mayr, 1904); G, larval cell of T. phoenixopodos with terminal-instar larvae of E. timaspidis." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4546971" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4546971/files/figure.png" pageId="26" pageNumber="313">Fig. 15B</figureCitation>
|
||
). Fully-grown larvae overwinter inside the gall and the adults emerge in synchrony with the development of new
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C4D4D32AF5127660780F9426A06F97B" authorityName="Forster" authorityYear="1869" box="[675,797,1673,1699]" class="Insecta" family="Cynipidae" genus="Xestophanes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="26" pageNumber="313" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B939EAA3AF5127660780F9426A06F97B" box="[675,797,1673,1699]" italics="true" pageId="26" pageNumber="313">Xestophanes</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
galls.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C357653AAF5027670552FF136B60FE09" pageId="27" pageNumber="314" type="discussion">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BF236B1AF5027670552FF1369CEFF29" blockId="27.[111,647,216,465]" box="[113,213,216,243]" pageId="27" pageNumber="314">REMARKS</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BF236B1AF5027670552FF336B60FE09" blockId="27.[111,647,216,465]" pageId="27" pageNumber="314">
|
||
The larvae of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C4D4D32AF502767042AFF336870FECA" authorityName="Walker" authorityYear="1832" box="[265,363,248,274]" class="Insecta" family="Eurytomidae" genus="Eurytoma" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="27" pageNumber="314" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="rufipes">
|
||
<emphasis id="B939EAA3AF502767042AFF336870FECA" box="[265,363,248,274]" italics="true" pageId="27" pageNumber="314">E. rufipes</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
is similar to the larvae of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C4D4D32AF5027670550FED369D6FEE9" authorityName="Ashmead" authorityYear="1887" box="[115,205,280,305]" class="Insecta" family="Eurytomidae" genus="Eurytoma" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="27" pageNumber="314" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="mayri">
|
||
<emphasis id="B939EAA3AF5027670550FED369D6FEE9" box="[115,205,280,305]" italics="true" pageId="27" pageNumber="314">E. mayri</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C4D4D32AF5027670421FED36899FEE9" box="[258,386,279,305]" class="Insecta" family="Eurytomidae" genus="Eurytoma" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="27" pageNumber="314" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="pediaspisi">
|
||
<emphasis id="B939EAA3AF5027670421FED36899FEE9" box="[258,386,279,305]" italics="true" pageId="27" pageNumber="314">E. pediaspisi</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
in terms of the position on the head of the antero-medial setae of vertex, and by the presence of only slight apical divisions on the medial part of the labrum. They differ from other larvae in having mandibles with a small projection on the inner margin at the base of the second tooth.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |