140 lines
12 KiB
XML
140 lines
12 KiB
XML
<document ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3788572" ID-GBIF-Dataset="8094be38-8ec7-4cd1-89b2-0173f551d554" ID-GBIF-Taxon="163750503" ID-ISSN="1313–2970" ID-Zenodo-Dep="3788572" ID-ZooBank="F4D24A8D-3EBF-4688-910D-413E328F92BF" approvalRequired="22" approvalRequired_for_textStreams="22" checkinTime="1587982620088" checkinUser="plazi" docAuthor="Schmidt, Christian & Anweiler, Gary" docDate="2010" docId="03D7D51E9C64E610FF0EFB22FD64092D" docLanguage="en" docName="ZK_article_2174.pdf" docOrigin="ZooKeys 39 (39)" docStyle="DocumentStylede.uka.ipd.idaho.easyIO.settings.Settings@258e5601" docStyleName="zookeys.2008.journal_article" docTitle="Charadra Walker 1865" docType="treatment" docVersion="4" lastPageId="3" lastPageNumber="163" masterDocId="FFEEAD669C66E613FF82FFA2FFAF082A" masterDocTitle="The North American species of Charadra Walker, with a revision of the Charadra pata (Druce) group (Noctuidae, Pantheinae)" masterLastPageNumber="181" masterPageNumber="161" pageId="2" pageNumber="163" updateTime="1643563573501" updateUser="ExternalLinkService" zenodo-license-document="CC-BY-3.0">
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<mods:mods xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
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<mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:title>The North American species of Charadra Walker, with a revision of the Charadra pata (Druce) group (Noctuidae, Pantheinae)</mods:title>
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</mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart>Schmidt, Christian</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation>Canadian Food Inspection Agency, Ottawa ,, Canada</mods:affiliation>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart>Anweiler, Gary</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation>University of Alberta Strickland Entomology Museum ,, Canada</mods:affiliation>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:typeOfResource>text</mods:typeOfResource>
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<mods:relatedItem type="host">
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<mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:title>ZooKeys</mods:title>
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</mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:part>
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<mods:date>2010</mods:date>
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<mods:detail type="pubDate">
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<mods:number>2010-03-18</mods:number>
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</mods:detail>
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<mods:detail type="volume">
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<mods:number>39</mods:number>
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</mods:detail>
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<mods:detail type="issue">
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<mods:number>39</mods:number>
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</mods:detail>
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<mods:extent unit="page">
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<mods:start>161</mods:start>
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<mods:end>181</mods:end>
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</mods:extent>
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</mods:part>
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</mods:relatedItem>
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<mods:classification>journal article</mods:classification>
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<mods:identifier type="DOI">10.3897/zookeys.39.432</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier type="GBIF-Dataset">8094be38-8ec7-4cd1-89b2-0173f551d554</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier type="ISSN">1313–2970</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier type="Zenodo-Dep">576639</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier type="ZooBank">F4D24A8D-3EBF-4688-910D-413E328F92BF</mods:identifier>
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</mods:mods>
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<treatment ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3788572" ID-GBIF-Taxon="163750503" ID-Zenodo-Dep="3788572" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03D7D51E9C64E610FF0EFB22FD64092D" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/03D7D51E9C64E610FF0EFB22FD64092D" lastPageId="3" lastPageNumber="163" pageId="2" pageNumber="163">
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<subSubSection box="[140,344,1152,1179]" pageId="2" pageNumber="163" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph blockId="2.[140,344,1152,1179]" box="[140,344,1152,1179]" pageId="2" pageNumber="163">
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<heading box="[140,344,1152,1179]" fontSize="11" level="2" pageId="2" pageNumber="163" reason="3">
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<taxonomicName authority="Walker" authorityName="Walker" authorityYear="1865" box="[140,344,1152,1179]" class="Insecta" family="Pantheidae" genus="Charadra" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="163" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
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<emphasis bold="true" box="[140,257,1152,1179]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="163">Charadra</emphasis>
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Walker
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</taxonomicName>
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</heading>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection box="[140,469,1222,1249]" pageId="2" pageNumber="163" type="reference_group">
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<paragraph blockId="2.[140,469,1222,1249]" box="[140,469,1222,1249]" pageId="2" pageNumber="163">
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<treatmentCitationGroup box="[140,469,1222,1249]" pageId="2" pageNumber="163">
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<treatmentCitation author="Walker F" box="[140,465,1222,1249]" page="445" pageId="2" pageNumber="163" year="1865">
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<taxonomicName authority="Walker, 1865: 445" authorityName="Walker" authorityPageNumber="445" authorityYear="1865" box="[140,465,1222,1249]" class="Insecta" family="Pantheidae" genus="Charadra" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="163" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
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<emphasis box="[140,244,1223,1249]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="163">Charadra</emphasis>
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<bibRefCitation author="Walker F" box="[251,465,1222,1249]" pageId="2" pageNumber="163" pagination="324 - 706" refId="ref10094" refString="Walker F (1865) List of the Specimens of Lepidopterous Insects in the Collection of the British Museum. Volume 32. Edward Newman, London, 324 - 706." type="book chapter" year="1865">Walker, 1865: 445</bibRefCitation>
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</taxonomicName>
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</treatmentCitation>
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.
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</treatmentCitationGroup>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection lastPageId="3" lastPageNumber="164" pageId="2" pageNumber="163" type="materials_examined">
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<paragraph blockId="2.[140,1108,1293,1672]" pageId="2" pageNumber="163">
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<typeStatus box="[140,195,1294,1320]" pageId="2" pageNumber="163">Type</typeStatus>
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species:
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<taxonomicName authority="Walker, 1865" authorityName="Walker" authorityYear="1865" box="[290,648,1293,1320]" class="Insecta" family="Pantheidae" genus="Charadra" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="163" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="contigua">
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<emphasis box="[290,491,1293,1319]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="163">Charadra contigua</emphasis>
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<bibRefCitation author="Walker F" box="[496,648,1293,1320]" pageId="2" pageNumber="163" pagination="324 - 706" refId="ref10094" refString="Walker F (1865) List of the Specimens of Lepidopterous Insects in the Collection of the British Museum. Volume 32. Edward Newman, London, 324 - 706." type="book chapter" year="1865">Walker, 1865</bibRefCitation>
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</taxonomicName>
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, a junior subjective synonym of
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<taxonomicName authority="(Guenee)" baseAuthorityName="Guenee" class="Insecta" family="Pantheidae" genus="Charadra" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="163" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="deridens">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="163">Charadra deridens</emphasis>
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(Gueneé)
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</taxonomicName>
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.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph blockId="2.[140,1108,1293,1672]" lastBlockId="3.[140,1107,167,264]" lastPageId="3" lastPageNumber="164" pageId="2" pageNumber="163">
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The generic placement of
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<taxonomicName authorityName="Walker" authorityYear="1865" box="[475,579,1363,1389]" class="Insecta" family="Pantheidae" genus="Charadra" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="163" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
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<emphasis box="[475,579,1363,1389]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="163">Charadra</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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in relation to other pantheine genera, especially
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<taxonomicName authorityName="McDunnough" authorityYear="1942" box="[168,328,1399,1425]" class="Insecta" family="Pantheidae" genus="Pseudopanthea" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="163" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
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<emphasis box="[168,328,1399,1425]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="163">Pseudopanthea</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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and
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<taxonomicName authorityName="Ochsenheimer" authorityYear="1816" box="[385,487,1399,1425]" class="Insecta" family="Pantheidae" genus="Colocasia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="163" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
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<emphasis box="[385,487,1399,1425]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="163">Colocasia</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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, is in need of review, and more than one genus for the species currently placed in
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<taxonomicName authorityName="Walker" authorityYear="1865" box="[449,553,1434,1460]" class="Insecta" family="Pantheidae" genus="Charadra" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="163" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
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<emphasis box="[449,553,1434,1460]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="163">Charadra</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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may need to be recognized. Th e morphology of the genus is quite heterogeneous, but important shared genital characters include the following: apex of uncus with slight to very pronounced medial notch; clasper parallel to ventral valve margin (perpendicular in
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<taxonomicName authority="Hubner" authorityName="Hubner" authorityYear="1820" box="[601,785,1539,1566]" class="Insecta" family="Pantheidae" genus="Panthea" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="163" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
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<emphasis box="[601,689,1539,1565]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="163">Panthea</emphasis>
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Hübner
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</taxonomicName>
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) but absent in
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<taxonomicName authorityName="Schaus" authorityYear="1911" box="[950,1046,1540,1566]" class="Insecta" family="Pantheidae" genus="Charadra" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="163" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="nitens">
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<emphasis box="[950,1046,1540,1566]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="163">C. nitens</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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; dorsal tegumen lacking process (lobed in
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<taxonomicName authorityName="Hubner" authorityYear="1820" box="[572,660,1575,1601]" class="Insecta" family="Pantheidae" genus="Panthea" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="163" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
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<emphasis box="[572,660,1575,1601]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="163">Panthea</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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, prong-like or flange-like in
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<taxonomicName authorityName="Ochsenheimer" authorityYear="1816" box="[989,1091,1575,1601]" class="Insecta" family="Pantheidae" genus="Colocasia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="163" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
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<emphasis box="[989,1091,1575,1601]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="163">Colocasia</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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); basal costal process absent or highly developed; vesica with two strongly sclerotized cornuti (absent in
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<taxonomicName authorityName="Schaus" authorityYear="1911" box="[352,450,1646,1672]" class="Insecta" family="Pantheidae" genus="Charadra" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="163" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="nitens">
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<emphasis box="[352,450,1646,1672]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="163">C. nitens</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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); female ductus bursae sclerotized laterally; corpus bursae lacking signa. Some of the character states treated as autapomorphic for
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<taxonomicName authorityName="Hubner" authorityYear="1820" box="[982,1070,167,193]" class="Insecta" family="Pantheidae" genus="Panthea" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="164" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
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<emphasis box="[982,1070,167,193]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="164">Panthea</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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by
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<bibRefCitation author="Fibiger M & Ronkay L & Steiner A & Zilli A" box="[140,372,202,228]" pageId="3" pageNumber="164" refId="ref9495" refString="Fibiger M, Ronkay L, Steiner A, Zilli A (2009) Noctuidae Europaeae. Vol. 11, Pantheinae, Dilobinae, Acronictinae, Eustrotiinae, Nolinae, Bagisarinae, Acontiinae, Metoponiinae, Heliothinae, and Bryophilinae. Entomological Press, SorO, 504 pp." type="book" year="2009">Fibiger et al. (2009)</bibRefCitation>
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are also present in
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<taxonomicName authorityName="Walker" authorityYear="1865" box="[601,705,202,228]" class="Insecta" family="Pantheidae" genus="Charadra" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="164" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
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<emphasis box="[601,705,202,228]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="164">Charadra</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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, including a dorsally membranous aedeagus and the presence of cornuti on the vesica.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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</treatment>
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</document> |