284 lines
33 KiB
XML
284 lines
33 KiB
XML
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<mods:title id="5C5F27BD177BE674517907747682C1E8">Taxonomy of Middle Miocene foraminifera from the northern Namibian continental shelf</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="0B819E3B66EDDC016924C823EE9A36AB">Bergh, Eugene W.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="DB7A1F2A3BF5BCC8B8105F4700D2A8A0">Marine Research Institute and Department of Geological Sciences, University of Cape Town, Private Bag X 3, Rondebosch, 7701, South Africa. & Department of Environmental and Geographical Sciences, University of Cape Town, Private Bag X 3, Rondebosch, 7701, South Africa; & Invertebrate palaeontology and Geology, Iziko South African Museum, P. O. Box 61, Cape Town 8000, South Africa. john. compton @ uct. ac. za; https: // orcid. org / 0000 - 0002 - 0765 - 4141</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:nameIdentifier id="4DFED5BDA03DCE39EF4D070FB58F8FF3" type="email">john.compton@uct.ac.za</mods:nameIdentifier>
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<mods:affiliation id="D97B81E4DEA076A9A610E3CC14F17E19">Marine Research Institute and Department of Geological Sciences, University of Cape Town, Private Bag X 3, Rondebosch, 7701, South Africa.</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:title id="BD2884DAFA87766B91D68966A190ECAF">Zootaxa</mods:title>
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<treatment id="197787BAFFCB93367FC99A2BFE1CFA2E" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5840543" ID-GBIF-Taxon="192044057" ID-Zenodo-Dep="5840543" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:197787BAFFCB93367FC99A2BFE1CFA2E" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/197787BAFFCB93367FC99A2BFE1CFA2E" lastPageNumber="25" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">
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<subSubSection id="D9C46527FFCB93367FC99A2BFE88FEED" pageId="24" pageNumber="25" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph id="916136ACFFCB93367FC99A2BFCD3FEC9" blockId="24.[151,791,295,357]" box="[151,791,295,322]" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">
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<heading id="CA2981C0FFCB93367FC99A2BFCD3FEC9" bold="true" box="[151,791,295,322]" fontSize="11" level="1" pageId="24" pageNumber="25" reason="1">
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<emphasis id="A3AAEABEFFCB93367FC99A2BFCD3FEC9" bold="true" box="[151,791,295,322]" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">
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<taxonomicName id="56DE4D2FFFCB93367FC99A2BFDFEFEC9" ID-CoL="4YQL9" authority="d'Orbigny" authorityName="d'Orbigny" authorityYear="1826" box="[151,570,295,322]" class="Globothalamea" family="Sphaeroidinidae" genus="Sphaeroidina" kingdom="Chromista" order="Rotaliida" pageId="24" pageNumber="25" phylum="Foraminifera" rank="species" species="bulloides">
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<emphasis id="A3AAEABEFFCB93367FC99A2BFE6BFECA" bold="true" box="[151,431,295,322]" italics="true" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">Sphaeroidina bulloides</emphasis>
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d’Orbigny
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</taxonomicName>
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in
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<bibRefCitation id="F54F4B5DFFCB93367D3F9A2BFCD3FEC9" author="Deshayes, G. P." box="[609,791,295,321]" pageId="24" pageNumber="25" pagination="1 - 266" refId="ref30966" refString="Deshayes, G. P. (1828) Les mollusques. In: Cuvier, G. (Ed.), Le Regne Animal distribue d'apres son organisation, pour servir de base a l'histoire naturelle des animaux et d'introduction a l'anatomie compare. Fortin, Masson, Paris, pp. 1 - 266" type="book chapter" year="1828">Deshayes 1828</bibRefCitation>
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</emphasis>
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</heading>
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="916136ACFFCB93367FC99A47FE88FEED" blockId="24.[151,791,295,357]" box="[151,332,331,357]" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">
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<heading id="CA2981C0FFCB93367FC99A47FE88FEED" bold="true" box="[151,332,331,357]" fontSize="11" level="1" pageId="24" pageNumber="25" reason="1">
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<emphasis id="A3AAEABEFFCB93367FC99A47FE88FEED" bold="true" box="[151,332,331,357]" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">Pl. 5, figs. 3a–b</emphasis>
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</heading>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="D9C46527FFCB93367FC99A9CFC8EFDAA" pageId="24" pageNumber="25" type="reference_group">
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<paragraph id="916136ACFFCB93367FC99A9CFDCAFD8B" blockId="24.[151,1437,399,546]" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">
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<treatmentCitation id="107F10BDFFCB93367FC99A9CFDBBFE2F" author="d'Orbigny, A. D." box="[151,639,399,424]" page="267" pageId="24" pageNumber="25" year="1826">
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<taxonomicName id="56DE4D2FFFCB93367FC99A9CFDBBFE2F" ID-CoL="4YQL9" authority="d'Orbigny, 1826, p. 267" authorityName="d'Orbigny" authorityPageNumber="267" authorityYear="1826" box="[151,639,399,424]" class="Globothalamea" family="Sphaeroidinidae" genus="Sphaeroidina" kingdom="Chromista" order="Rotaliida" pageId="24" pageNumber="25" phylum="Foraminifera" rank="species" species="bulloides">
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<emphasis id="A3AAEABEFFCB93367FC99A9CFE46FE20" box="[151,386,400,424]" italics="true" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">Sphaeroidina bulloides</emphasis>
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<bibRefCitation id="F54F4B5DFFCB93367ED69A9CFDF6FE2F" author="d'Orbigny, A. D." box="[392,562,399,424]" pageId="24" pageNumber="25" pagination="245 - 314" refId="ref30526" refString="d'Orbigny, A. D. (1826) Tableau methodique de la classe des Cephalopodes. Annales des Sciences Naturelles, 7, 245 - 314." type="journal article" year="1826">d’Orbigny, 1826</bibRefCitation>
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, p. 267
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</taxonomicName>
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</treatmentCitation>
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;
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<treatmentCitation id="107F10BDFFCB93367DD79A9CFC04FE20" author="LeRoy, D. O. & Levinson, S. A." box="[649,960,400,424]" page="8" pageId="24" pageNumber="25" year="1974">
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<bibRefCitation id="F54F4B5DFFCB93367DD79A9CFC4BFE20" author="LeRoy, D. O. & Levinson, S. A." box="[649,911,400,424]" pageId="24" pageNumber="25" pagination="1 - 37" refId="ref34352" refString="LeRoy, D. O. & Levinson, S. A. (1974) A deep-water Pleistocene microfossil assemblage from a well in the Northern Gulf of Mexico. Micropalaeontology, 20 (1), 1 - 37. https: // doi. org / 10.2307 / 1485098" type="journal article" year="1974">LeRoy & Levinson, 1974</bibRefCitation>
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, p. 8
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</treatmentCitation>
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, pl. 5, fig. 2;
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<treatmentCitation id="107F10BDFFCB93367B179A9CFACBFE2F" author="Martin, R. A." box="[1097,1295,399,424]" page="36" pageId="24" pageNumber="25" year="1981">
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<bibRefCitation id="F54F4B5DFFCB93367B179A9CFB0BFE20" author="Martin, R. A." box="[1097,1231,400,424]" pageId="24" pageNumber="25" pagination="1 - 75" refId="ref35064" refString="Martin, R. A. (1981) Benthic foraminifera from the Orange-Luderitz shelf southern African continental margin. Bulletin Joint Geological Survey / University of Cape Town Marine Geoscience Unit, 11, 1 - 75." type="journal article" year="1981">Martin, 1981</bibRefCitation>
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, p. 36
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</treatmentCitation>
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||
, pl. 10, fig. 5;
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||
<treatmentCitation id="107F10BDFFCB93367F999AA3FE23FE4E" author="Papp, A. & Schmid, M. E." box="[199,487,430,454]" page="96" pageId="24" pageNumber="25" year="1985">
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<bibRefCitation id="F54F4B5DFFCB93367F999AA3FE6CFE4E" author="Papp, A. & Schmid, M. E." box="[199,424,430,454]" pageId="24" pageNumber="25" pagination="1 - 311" refId="ref36040" refString="Papp, A. & Schmid, M. E. (1985) The fossil foraminifera of the Tertiary Basin of Vienna: revision of the monograph by Alcide d'Orbigny (1846). Abhandlungen der Geologischen Bundesanstalt, 37, 1 - 311." type="journal article" year="1985">Papp & Schmid, 1985</bibRefCitation>
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, p. 96
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</treatmentCitation>
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||
, pl. 90, figs. 7–12;
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<treatmentCitation id="107F10BDFFCB93367DF69AA3FCB2FE4E" author="Lowry, F. M. D." box="[680,886,430,455]" page="379" pageId="24" pageNumber="25" year="1987">
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<bibRefCitation id="F54F4B5DFFCB93367DF69AA3FCEFFE4E" author="Lowry, F. M. D." box="[680,811,430,455]" pageId="24" pageNumber="25" refId="ref34923" refString="Lowry, F. M. D. (1987) Foraminiferal thanatocoenoses from the continental shelf of southern Africa. Unpublished Ph. D. thesis, University College, London, 443 pp." type="book" year="1987">Lowry, 1987</bibRefCitation>
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, p. 379
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||
</treatmentCitation>
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||
, pl. 27, figs. 7a–c;
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<treatmentCitation id="107F10BDFFCB93367B6B9AA3FB29FE4E" author="Jones, R. W." box="[1077,1261,430,454]" page="91" pageId="24" pageNumber="25" year="1994">
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<bibRefCitation id="F54F4B5DFFCB93367B6B9AA3FB6BFE4E" author="Jones, R. W." box="[1077,1199,430,454]" pageId="24" pageNumber="25" refId="ref33343" refString="Jones, R. W. (1994) The Challenger Foraminifera. Oxford University Press, Oxford, 149 pp." type="book" year="1994">Jones, 1994</bibRefCitation>
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, p. 91
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||
</treatmentCitation>
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||
, pl. 84, figs. 1–2;
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||
<treatmentCitation id="107F10BDFFCB93367F999AC1FE30FE6D" author="Yassini, I. & Jones, B. G." box="[199,500,461,485]" page="160" pageId="24" pageNumber="25" year="1995">
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<bibRefCitation id="F54F4B5DFFCB93367F999AC1FE6EFE6D" author="Yassini, I. & Jones, B. G." box="[199,426,461,485]" pageId="24" pageNumber="25" refId="ref39246" refString="Yassini, I. & Jones, B. G. (1995) Foraminiferida and Ostracoda from estuarine and shelf environments on the southeastern coast of Australia. University of Wollongong Press, Wollongong, 484 pp." type="book" year="1995">Yassini & Jones, 1995</bibRefCitation>
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, p. 160
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||
</treatmentCitation>
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||
, figs. 936–937;
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||
<treatmentCitation id="107F10BDFFCB93367DC89AC1FC4EFE6D" author="Robertson, B. E." box="[662,906,461,485]" page="196" pageId="24" pageNumber="25" year="1998">
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<bibRefCitation id="F54F4B5DFFCB93367DC89AC1FC84FE6D" author="Robertson, B. E." box="[662,832,461,485]" pageId="24" pageNumber="25" pagination="1 - 266" refId="ref37204" refString="Robertson, B. E. (1998) Systematics and paleoecology of the benthic Foraminiferida from the Buff Bay section, Miocene of Jamaica. Micropaleontology, 44, 1 - 266. https: // doi. org / 10.2307 / 1486062" type="journal article" year="1998">Robertson, 1998</bibRefCitation>
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, p. 196
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</treatmentCitation>
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, pl. 74, fig. 4;
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<treatmentCitation id="107F10BDFFCB93367B429AC1FAEEFE6D" author="Kender, S. & Kaminski, M. A. & Jones, R. W." box="[1052,1322,461,485]" page="516" pageId="24" pageNumber="25" year="2008">
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<bibRefCitation id="F54F4B5DFFCB93367B429AC1FB1BFE6D" author="Kender, S. & Kaminski, M. A. & Jones, R. W." box="[1052,1247,461,485]" pageId="24" pageNumber="25" pagination="477 - 568" refId="ref33808" refString="Kender, S., Kaminski, M. A. & Jones, R. W. (2008) Early to middle Miocene foraminifera from the deep-sea Congo Fan, offshore Angola. Micropalaeontology, 54, 477 - 568." type="journal article" year="2008">
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Kender
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||
<emphasis id="A3AAEABEFFCB93367B329AC2FB5BFE6D" box="[1132,1183,461,485]" italics="true" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">et al.</emphasis>
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, 2008
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</bibRefCitation>
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, p. 516
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</treatmentCitation>
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, pl. 20, fig. 3;
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<treatmentCitation id="107F10BDFFCB93367FBF9AE0FDCEFD8B" author="Holbourn, A. & Henderson, A. S. & MacLeod, N." box="[225,522,491,516]" page="520" pageId="24" pageNumber="25" year="2013">
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<bibRefCitation id="F54F4B5DFFCB93367FBF9AE0FE79FD8C" author="Holbourn, A. & Henderson, A. S. & MacLeod, N." box="[225,445,492,516]" pageId="24" pageNumber="25" refId="ref32986" refString="Holbourn, A., Henderson, A. S. & MacLeod, N. (2013) Atlas of Benthic Foraminifera. Wiley-Blackwell, Oxford, 654 pp. https: // doi. org / 10.1002 / 9781118452493" type="book" year="2013">
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Holbourn
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<emphasis id="A3AAEABEFFCB93367E179AE0FEB1FD8C" box="[329,373,492,516]" italics="true" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">et al</emphasis>
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||
., 2013
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</bibRefCitation>
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, p. 520
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</treatmentCitation>
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.
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</treatmentCitationGroup>
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="916136ACFFCB93367FC99906FC8EFDAA" blockId="24.[151,1437,399,546]" box="[151,842,522,546]" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">
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<treatmentCitationGroup id="B1CE1182FFCB93367FC99906FC8EFDAA" box="[151,842,522,546]" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">
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<treatmentCitation id="107F10BDFFCB93367FC99906FD44FDAA" author="d'Orbigny, A. D." box="[151,640,522,546]" page="284" pageId="24" pageNumber="25" year="1846">
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<taxonomicName id="56DE4D2FFFCB93367FC99906FD44FDAA" ID-CoL="d2d76fe9-14f5-4a66-bccf-c035998b0d61" authority="d'Orbigny, 1846, p. 284" authorityName="d'Orbigny" authorityPageNumber="284" authorityYear="1846" box="[151,640,522,546]" class="Globothalamea" family="Sphaeroidinidae" genus="Sphaeroidina" kingdom="Chromista" order="Rotaliida" pageId="24" pageNumber="25" phylum="Foraminifera" rank="species" species="austriaca">
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<emphasis id="A3AAEABEFFCB93367FC99906FE41FDAA" box="[151,389,522,546]" italics="true" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">Sphaeroidina austriaca</emphasis>
|
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<bibRefCitation id="F54F4B5DFFCB93367ED59906FDF1FDAA" author="d'Orbigny, A. D." box="[395,565,522,546]" pageId="24" pageNumber="25" refId="ref30601" refString="d'Orbigny, A. D. (1846) Foraminiferes Fossiles du Basin Tertiaire de Vienne (Austriche). Gide et Comp, Paris, 312 pp. https: // doi. org / 10.5962 / bhl. title. 145432" type="book" year="1846">d’Orbigny, 1846</bibRefCitation>
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, p. 284
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</taxonomicName>
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</treatmentCitation>
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, pl. 20, figs. 19–21.
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</treatmentCitationGroup>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="D9C46527FFCB93367FC9995CFAE6FD3B" pageId="24" pageNumber="25" type="description">
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<paragraph id="916136ACFFCB93367FC9995CFAE6FD3B" blockId="24.[151,1437,592,1447]" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">
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<emphasis id="A3AAEABEFFCB93367FC9995CFEE5FDE2" bold="true" box="[151,289,592,618]" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">Description</emphasis>
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: The test wall is calcareous, imperforate and its surface is smooth. The test is subglobular, with globular chambers separated by slightly depressed sutures. The last whorl contains three chambers. The aperture is located near the junction between three chambers and is crescentic in shape, with a bordering lip (pl. 5, fig. 3b).
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||
</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="D9C46527FFCB93367F9999B1FE1CFA2E" pageId="24" pageNumber="25" type="discussion">
|
||
<paragraph id="916136ACFFCB93367F9999B1FEB2FC97" blockId="24.[151,1437,592,1447]" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">
|
||
<emphasis id="A3AAEABEFFCB93367F9999B1FEF9FD5F" bold="true" box="[199,317,701,727]" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">Remarks:</emphasis>
|
||
The relative abundances of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="56DE4D2FFFCB93367D2199B0FC40FD5E" authorityName="d'Orbigny" authorityYear="1826" box="[639,900,700,726]" class="Globothalamea" family="Sphaeroidinidae" genus="Sphaeroidina" kingdom="Chromista" order="Rotaliida" pageId="24" pageNumber="25" phylum="Foraminifera" rank="species" species="bulloides">
|
||
<emphasis id="A3AAEABEFFCB93367D2199B0FC40FD5E" box="[639,900,700,726]" italics="true" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">Sphaeroidina bulloides</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
in this study decrease toward the deeper cores. In core 2658,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="56DE4D2FFFCB93367E6B99EDFE7DFD72" authorityName="d'Orbigny" authorityYear="1826" box="[309,441,736,763]" class="Globothalamea" family="Sphaeroidinidae" genus="Sphaeroidina" kingdom="Chromista" order="Rotaliida" pageId="24" pageNumber="25" phylum="Foraminifera" rank="species" species="bulloides">
|
||
<emphasis id="A3AAEABEFFCB93367E6B99EDFE7DFD72" box="[309,441,736,763]" italics="true" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">S. bulloides</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
formed one of the major species in some of the samples (<20%), and in cores 2670 and 2682, minor (<5%).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="916136ACFFCB93367F999824FB5FFCEF" blockId="24.[151,1437,592,1447]" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">
|
||
The test sizes of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="56DE4D2FFFCB93367EDA9824FD4CFCCA" authorityName="d'Orbigny" authorityYear="1826" box="[388,648,808,834]" class="Globothalamea" family="Sphaeroidinidae" genus="Sphaeroidina" kingdom="Chromista" order="Rotaliida" pageId="24" pageNumber="25" phylum="Foraminifera" rank="species" species="bulloides">
|
||
<emphasis id="A3AAEABEFFCB93367EDA9824FD4CFCCA" box="[388,648,808,834]" italics="true" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">Sphaeroidina bulloides</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
in general are variable. Diameters in
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="F54F4B5DFFCB93367B739825FA93FCCB" author="LeRoy, D. O. & Levinson, S. A." box="[1069,1367,808,835]" pageId="24" pageNumber="25" pagination="1 - 37" refId="ref34352" refString="LeRoy, D. O. & Levinson, S. A. (1974) A deep-water Pleistocene microfossil assemblage from a well in the Northern Gulf of Mexico. Micropalaeontology, 20 (1), 1 - 37. https: // doi. org / 10.2307 / 1485098" type="journal article" year="1974">LeRoy & Levinson (1974)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
range between 0.23 and
|
||
<quantity id="56269B49FFCB93367E3D9840FE0EFCEF" box="[355,458,844,871]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.15" pageId="24" pageNumber="25" unit="mm" value="1.15">1.15 mm</quantity>
|
||
. The diameter measured for specimens in this study is ~
|
||
<quantity id="56269B49FFCB93367B639840FB53FCEF" box="[1085,1175,844,871]" metricMagnitude="-4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.0" pageId="24" pageNumber="25" unit="mm" value="0.5">0.5 mm</quantity>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="916136ACFFCB93367F99987CFF24FC5B" blockId="24.[151,1437,592,1447]" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">
|
||
<emphasis id="A3AAEABEFFCB93367F99987CFEADFC03" bold="true" box="[199,361,880,907]" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">Life strategy:</emphasis>
|
||
This species is infaunal under suboxic (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="F54F4B5DFFCB93367C6E987CFC7AFC03" author="Kaiho, K." box="[816,958,880,907]" pageId="24" pageNumber="25" pagination="719 - 722" refId="ref33365" refString="Kaiho, K. (1994) Benthic foraminiferal dissolved-oxygen index and dissolved-oxygen levels in the modern ocean. Geology, 22 (8), 719 - 722. https: // doi. org / 10.1130 / 0091 - 7613 (1994) 022 <0719: BFDOIA> 2.3. CO; 2" type="journal article" year="1994">Kaiho, 1994</bibRefCitation>
|
||
) to dysoxic conditions (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="F54F4B5DFFCB93367B90987CFA58FC03" author="Pezelj, D & Mandic, O. & Coric, S." box="[1230,1436,880,907]" pageId="24" pageNumber="25" pagination="81 - 100" refId="ref36415" refString="Pezelj, D, Mandic, O. & Coric, S. (2013) Paleoenvironmental dynamics in the southern Pannonian Basin during initial Middle Miocene marine flooding. Geologica Carpathica, 64, 81 - 100." type="journal article" year="2013">
|
||
Pezelj
|
||
<emphasis id="A3AAEABEFFCB93367A43987DFA98FC02" box="[1309,1372,880,906]" italics="true" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">et al.,</emphasis>
|
||
2013
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
and references therein). Its bathymetric distribution stretches from the slope to abyssal depths (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="F54F4B5DFFCB93367BBD9898FF10FC5B" author="Holbourn, A. & Henderson, A. S. & MacLeod, N." pageId="24" pageNumber="25" refId="ref32986" refString="Holbourn, A., Henderson, A. S. & MacLeod, N. (2013) Atlas of Benthic Foraminifera. Wiley-Blackwell, Oxford, 654 pp. https: // doi. org / 10.1002 / 9781118452493" type="book" year="2013">
|
||
Holbourn
|
||
<emphasis id="A3AAEABEFFCB93367A049899FA4AFC26" box="[1370,1422,916,942]" italics="true" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">et al</emphasis>
|
||
., 2013
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="916136ACFFCB93367F9998D0FE5CFB93" blockId="24.[151,1437,592,1447]" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">
|
||
<emphasis id="A3AAEABEFFCB93367F9998D0FDDFFC7F" bold="true" box="[199,539,988,1015]" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">Global stratigraphic range:</emphasis>
|
||
<taxonomicName id="56DE4D2FFFCB93367D7998D0FCF5FC7E" authorityName="d'Orbigny" authorityYear="1826" box="[551,817,988,1014]" class="Globothalamea" family="Sphaeroidinidae" genus="Sphaeroidina" kingdom="Chromista" order="Rotaliida" pageId="24" pageNumber="25" phylum="Foraminifera" rank="species" species="bulloides">
|
||
<emphasis id="A3AAEABEFFCB93367D7998D0FCF5FC7E" box="[551,817,988,1014]" italics="true" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">Sphaeroidina bulloides</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
occurs from the Oligocene to Recent (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="F54F4B5DFFCB93367A5798D1FA53FC7F" author="Jones, R. W." box="[1289,1431,989,1015]" pageId="24" pageNumber="25" refId="ref33343" refString="Jones, R. W. (1994) The Challenger Foraminifera. Oxford University Press, Oxford, 149 pp." type="book" year="1994">Jones, 1994</bibRefCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="F54F4B5DFFCB93367FC99F0CFE48FB93" author="Holbourn, A. & Henderson, A. S. & MacLeod, N." box="[151,396,1024,1051]" pageId="24" pageNumber="25" refId="ref32986" refString="Holbourn, A., Henderson, A. S. & MacLeod, N. (2013) Atlas of Benthic Foraminifera. Wiley-Blackwell, Oxford, 654 pp. https: // doi. org / 10.1002 / 9781118452493" type="book" year="2013">
|
||
Holbourn
|
||
<emphasis id="A3AAEABEFFCB93367E549F0DFEFFFB92" box="[266,315,1024,1050]" italics="true" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">et al</emphasis>
|
||
., 2013
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="916136ACFFCB93367F999F28FE1CFA2E" blockId="24.[151,1437,592,1447]" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">
|
||
<emphasis id="A3AAEABEFFCB93367F999F28FE79FBB7" bold="true" box="[199,445,1060,1087]" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">Regional occurrence</emphasis>
|
||
: This species occurs in Miocene-aged strata, stretching from the
|
||
<collectingCountry id="E9C9763CFFCB93367BFB9F29FB34FBB7" box="[1189,1264,1061,1087]" name="Democratic Republic of the Congo" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">Congo</collectingCountry>
|
||
Basin (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="F54F4B5DFFCB93367A169F28FEDBFBEB" author="Kender, S. & Kaminski, M. A. & Jones, R. W." pageId="24" pageNumber="25" pagination="477 - 568" refId="ref33808" refString="Kender, S., Kaminski, M. A. & Jones, R. W. (2008) Early to middle Miocene foraminifera from the deep-sea Congo Fan, offshore Angola. Micropalaeontology, 54, 477 - 568." type="journal article" year="2008">
|
||
Kender
|
||
<emphasis id="A3AAEABEFFCB93367FC99F45FF10FBEA" box="[151,212,1096,1122]" italics="true" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">et al.</emphasis>
|
||
, 2008
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
) to the outer continental shelf of
|
||
<collectingCountry id="E9C9763CFFCB93367DEE9F44FCD7FBEA" box="[688,787,1096,1122]" name="Namibia" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">Namibia</collectingCountry>
|
||
, south of the
|
||
<collectingRegion id="531AF84EFFCB93367CE49F45FBD5FBEB" box="[954,1041,1097,1123]" country="Namibia" name="Kunene" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">Kunene</collectingRegion>
|
||
River mouth (this study) and the southwestern shelf of
|
||
<collectingCountry id="E9C9763CFFCB93367ED69F60FDD1FB0E" box="[392,533,1132,1158]" name="South Africa" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">South Africa</collectingCountry>
|
||
(
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="F54F4B5DFFCB93367D7F9F61FCD4FB0F" author="Compton, J. S. & Wigley, R. & McMillan, I. K." box="[545,784,1132,1159]" pageId="24" pageNumber="25" pagination="19 - 40" refId="ref29411" refString="Compton, J. S., Wigley, R. & McMillan, I. K. (2004) Late Cenozoic phosphogenesis on the western shelf of South Africa in the vicinity of the Cape Canyon. Marine Geology, 206, 19 - 40. https: // doi. org / 10.1016 / j. margeo. 2004.02.004" type="journal article" year="2004">
|
||
Compton
|
||
<emphasis id="A3AAEABEFFCB93367DCF9F61FD0AFB0E" box="[657,718,1132,1158]" italics="true" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">et al.,</emphasis>
|
||
2004
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="F54F4B5DFFCB93367C7F9F61FC1FFB0F" author="Hay, W. W. & Sibuet, J. C. & Barron, E. J. & Brassell, S. C. & Dean, W. E. & Huc, A. Y. & Keating, B. H. & McNulty, C. L. & Meyers, P. A. & Nohara, M. & Schallreuter, R. E. L. & Steinmetz, J. C. & Stow, D. A. V. & Stradner, H. & Boyce, R. E. & Amidei, R." box="[801,987,1132,1159]" pageId="24" pageNumber="25" refId="ref32441" refString="Hay, W. W., Sibuet, J. C., Barron, E. J., Brassell, S. C., Dean, W. E., Huc, A. Y., Keating, B. H., McNulty, C. L., Meyers, P. A., Nohara, M., Schallreuter, R. E. L., Steinmetz, J. C., Stow, D. A. V., Stradner, H., Boyce, R. E. & Amidei, R. (1984) Initial Reports of the Deep Sea Drilling Project. Vol. 75. United States Government Printing Office, Washington, D. C., 1303 pp. https: // doi. org / 10.2973 / dsdp. proc. 75.1984" type="book" year="1984">
|
||
Hay
|
||
<emphasis id="A3AAEABEFFCB93367C0B9F61FC4FFB0E" box="[853,907,1132,1158]" italics="true" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">et al.</emphasis>
|
||
(1984)
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
reported the occurrence of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="56DE4D2FFFCB93367A589F60FF3AFB22" authorityName="d'Orbigny" authorityYear="1826" class="Globothalamea" family="Sphaeroidinidae" genus="Sphaeroidina" kingdom="Chromista" order="Rotaliida" pageId="24" pageNumber="25" phylum="Foraminifera" rank="species" species="bulloides">
|
||
<emphasis id="A3AAEABEFFCB93367A589F60FF3AFB22" italics="true" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">Sphaeroidina bulloides</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="56DE4D2FFFCB93367E799F9CFE7FFB22" authority="Miocene" authorityName="Miocene" box="[295,443,1168,1194]" class="Insecta" family="Cetoniidae" genus="Atlas" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="24" pageNumber="25" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="late">late Miocene</taxonomicName>
|
||
to Pleistocene sediments on the slope off the Walvis Ridge. Low relative abundances (<1%) of this species occur along the slope of
|
||
<collectingCountry id="E9C9763CFFCB93367DEF9FB8FCD5FB46" box="[689,785,1204,1230]" name="Namibia" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">Namibia</collectingCountry>
|
||
during the
|
||
<taxonomicName id="56DE4D2FFFCB93367CC99FB8FBEAFB46" authority="Miocene" authorityName="Miocene" box="[919,1070,1204,1230]" class="Insecta" family="Cetoniidae" genus="Atlas" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="24" pageNumber="25" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="late">late Miocene</taxonomicName>
|
||
, with higher abundances off the Orange River to the south (<15%).
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="F54F4B5DFFCB93367D739FD4FCC2FB7B" author="Wefer, G. & Berger, W. H. & Richter, C. & Adams, D. D. & Anderon, L. D. & Andreasen, D. J. & Bruchert, V. & Cambray, H. & Christensen, B. A. & Frost, G. M. & Giraudeau, J. & Gorgas, T. J. & Hermelin, O. & Lange, C. B. & Laser, B. & Lin, H-L. & Maslin, M. & Meyers, P. A. & Motoyama, I. & Murray, R. W. & Pato, D. & Perez, M. E. & Pufahl, P. K. & Spiess, V. & Wigley, R. & Yamazaki, T." box="[557,774,1240,1267]" pageId="24" pageNumber="25" refId="ref38965" refString="Wefer, G., Berger, W. H., Richter, C., Adams, D. D., Anderon, L. D., Andreasen, D. J., Bruchert, V., Cambray, H., Christensen, B. A., Frost, G. M., Giraudeau, J., Gorgas, T. J., Hermelin, O., Lange, C. B., Laser, B., Lin, H-L., Maslin, M., Meyers, P. A., Motoyama, I., Murray, R. W., Pato, D., Perez, M. E., Pufahl, P. K., Spiess, V., Vidal. L., Wigley, R. & Yamazaki, T. (1998) Proceedings of the Ocean Drilling Program, Initial Reports. Vol. 175. Ocean Drilling Program, College Station, Texas, 577 pp." type="book" year="1998">
|
||
Wefer
|
||
<emphasis id="A3AAEABEFFCB93367D279FD5FD68FB7A" box="[633,684,1240,1266]" italics="true" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">et al</emphasis>
|
||
. (1998)
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
recorded high relative abundances of this species (<80%) along the slope off the Walvis Ridge during the Pliocene, decreasing in abundance towards the south. Low relative abundances (<1%) of this species have been recorded to occur along the Namibian slope and minor abundances (<10%) along the southwestern slope of
|
||
<collectingCountry id="E9C9763CFFCB93367D359E48FD38FAD6" box="[619,764,1348,1374]" name="South Africa" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">South Africa</collectingCountry>
|
||
during the Pleistocene (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="F54F4B5DFFCB93367B4C9E48FB2CFAD7" author="Wefer, G. & Berger, W. H. & Richter, C. & Adams, D. D. & Anderon, L. D. & Andreasen, D. J. & Bruchert, V. & Cambray, H. & Christensen, B. A. & Frost, G. M. & Giraudeau, J. & Gorgas, T. J. & Hermelin, O. & Lange, C. B. & Laser, B. & Lin, H-L. & Maslin, M. & Meyers, P. A. & Motoyama, I. & Murray, R. W. & Pato, D. & Perez, M. E. & Pufahl, P. K. & Spiess, V. & Wigley, R. & Yamazaki, T." box="[1042,1256,1348,1375]" pageId="24" pageNumber="25" refId="ref38965" refString="Wefer, G., Berger, W. H., Richter, C., Adams, D. D., Anderon, L. D., Andreasen, D. J., Bruchert, V., Cambray, H., Christensen, B. A., Frost, G. M., Giraudeau, J., Gorgas, T. J., Hermelin, O., Lange, C. B., Laser, B., Lin, H-L., Maslin, M., Meyers, P. A., Motoyama, I., Murray, R. W., Pato, D., Perez, M. E., Pufahl, P. K., Spiess, V., Vidal. L., Wigley, R. & Yamazaki, T. (1998) Proceedings of the Ocean Drilling Program, Initial Reports. Vol. 175. Ocean Drilling Program, College Station, Texas, 577 pp." type="book" year="1998">
|
||
Wefer
|
||
<emphasis id="A3AAEABEFFCB93367B3C9E49FB51FAD6" box="[1122,1173,1348,1374]" italics="true" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">et al</emphasis>
|
||
., 1998
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="F54F4B5DFFCB93367BA09E49FA58FAD7" author="Lowry, F. M. D." box="[1278,1436,1349,1375]" pageId="24" pageNumber="25" refId="ref34923" refString="Lowry, F. M. D. (1987) Foraminiferal thanatocoenoses from the continental shelf of southern Africa. Unpublished Ph. D. thesis, University College, London, 443 pp." type="book" year="1987">Lowry (1987)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
documented
|
||
<taxonomicName id="56DE4D2FFFCB93367E769E64FDEAFA0A" authorityName="d'Orbigny" authorityYear="1826" box="[296,558,1384,1410]" class="Globothalamea" family="Sphaeroidinidae" genus="Sphaeroidina" kingdom="Chromista" order="Rotaliida" pageId="24" pageNumber="25" phylum="Foraminifera" rank="species" species="bulloides">
|
||
<emphasis id="A3AAEABEFFCB93367E769E64FDEAFA0A" box="[296,558,1384,1410]" italics="true" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">Sphaeroidina bulloides</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
in surface sediments on the continental shelf between Lüderitz,
|
||
<collectingCountry id="E9C9763CFFCB93367A559E64FAAFFA0A" box="[1291,1387,1384,1410]" name="Namibia" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">Namibia</collectingCountry>
|
||
and
|
||
<collectingRegion id="531AF84EFFCB93367FC99E81FF15FA2F" box="[151,209,1421,1447]" country="South Africa" name="Western Cape" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">Cape</collectingRegion>
|
||
Agulhas,
|
||
<collectingCountry id="E9C9763CFFCB93367E1F9E80FE17FA2E" box="[321,467,1420,1446]" name="South Africa" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">South Africa</collectingCountry>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |