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<mods:title id="5043D9ABFF1E2EF3FF0D5178DC68C6A1">Taxonomy of Middle Miocene foraminifera from the northern Namibian continental shelf</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="05EA49A49441D0040D59121FE18527E5">Bergh, Eugene W.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="A2FF777BDD6DA450C8604AFA6F11729E">Marine Research Institute and Department of Geological Sciences, University of Cape Town, Private Bag X 3, Rondebosch, 7701, South Africa. &amp; Department of Environmental and Geographical Sciences, University of Cape Town, Private Bag X 3, Rondebosch, 7701, South Africa; &amp; Invertebrate palaeontology and Geology, Iziko South African Museum, P. O. Box 61, Cape Town 8000, South Africa. john. compton @ uct. ac. za; https: // orcid. org / 0000 - 0002 - 0765 - 4141</mods:affiliation>
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<paragraph id="916136ACFFC593387FC99A2BFDA0FEC9" blockId="22.[151,612,295,357]" box="[151,612,295,321]" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">
<heading id="CA2981C0FFC593387FC99A2BFDA0FEC9" bold="true" box="[151,612,295,321]" fontSize="11" level="1" pageId="22" pageNumber="23" reason="1">
<taxonomicName id="56DE4D2FFFC593387FC99A2BFDA0FEC9" ID-CoL="7F822" authority="Cushman, 1923 a" authorityName="Cushman" authorityYear="1923" box="[151,612,295,321]" class="Globothalamea" family="Uvigerinidae" genus="Uvigerina" kingdom="Chromista" order="Rotaliida" pageId="22" pageNumber="23" phylum="Foraminifera" rank="species" species="peregrina">
<emphasis id="A3AAEABEFFC593387FC99A2BFDA0FEC9" bold="true" box="[151,612,295,321]" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">
<emphasis id="A3AAEABEFFC593387FC99A2BFE48FEC9" bold="true" box="[151,396,295,321]" italics="true" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">Uvigerina peregrina</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="F54F4B5DFFC593387ECA9A2BFDA0FEC9" author="Cushman, J. A." box="[404,612,295,321]" pageId="22" pageNumber="23" pagination="1 - 228" refId="ref29789" refString="Cushman, J. A. (1923 a) The foraminifera of the Atlantic Ocean: part 4 - Lagenidae. Bulletin of the United States National Museum, 104 (4), 1 - 228. https: // doi. org / 10.5479 / si. 03629236.104.3" type="journal article" year="1923">Cushman, 1923a</bibRefCitation>
</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="916136ACFFC593387FC99A47FEE5FEED" blockId="22.[151,612,295,357]" box="[151,289,331,357]" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">
<heading id="CA2981C0FFC593387FC99A47FEE5FEED" bold="true" box="[151,289,331,357]" fontSize="11" level="1" pageId="22" pageNumber="23" reason="1">
<emphasis id="A3AAEABEFFC593387FC99A47FEE5FEED" bold="true" box="[151,289,331,357]" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">Pl. 4, fig. 11</emphasis>
</heading>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="D9C46527FFC593387FC99A9CFD0CFE6D" pageId="22" pageNumber="23" type="reference_group">
<paragraph id="916136ACFFC593387FC99A9CFE6BFE4E" blockId="22.[151,1436,399,485]" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">
<treatmentCitationGroup id="B1CE1182FFC593387FC99A9CFE6BFE4E" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">
<treatmentCitation id="107F10BDFFC593387FC99A9CFDA9FE2F" author="Cushman, J. A." box="[151,621,399,424]" page="166" pageId="22" pageNumber="23" year="1923">
<taxonomicName id="56DE4D2FFFC593387FC99A9CFDDBFE20" ID-CoL="7F822" authority="Cushman, 1923 a" authorityName="Cushman" authorityYear="1923" box="[151,543,400,424]" class="Globothalamea" family="Uvigerinidae" genus="Uvigerina" kingdom="Chromista" order="Rotaliida" pageId="22" pageNumber="23" phylum="Foraminifera" rank="species" species="peregrina">
<emphasis id="A3AAEABEFFC593387FC99A9CFEADFE2F" box="[151,361,400,423]" italics="true" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">Uvigerina peregrina</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="F54F4B5DFFC593387E2E9A9CFDDBFE20" author="Cushman, J. A." box="[368,543,400,424]" pageId="22" pageNumber="23" pagination="1 - 228" refId="ref29789" refString="Cushman, J. A. (1923 a) The foraminifera of the Atlantic Ocean: part 4 - Lagenidae. Bulletin of the United States National Museum, 104 (4), 1 - 228. https: // doi. org / 10.5479 / si. 03629236.104.3" type="journal article" year="1923">Cushman, 1923a</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
, p. 166
</treatmentCitation>
, pl. 42, figs. 710;
<treatmentCitation id="107F10BDFFC593387C699A9CFBC5FE20" author="Martin, R. A." box="[823,1025,400,424]" page="44" pageId="22" pageNumber="23" year="1981">
<bibRefCitation id="F54F4B5DFFC593387C699A9CFC7BFE20" author="Martin, R. A." box="[823,959,400,424]" pageId="22" pageNumber="23" pagination="1 - 75" refId="ref35064" refString="Martin, R. A. (1981) Benthic foraminifera from the Orange-Luderitz shelf southern African continental margin. Bulletin Joint Geological Survey / University of Cape Town Marine Geoscience Unit, 11, 1 - 75." type="journal article" year="1981">Martin, 1981</bibRefCitation>
, p. 44
</treatmentCitation>
, pl. 10, fig. 1214;
<treatmentCitation id="107F10BDFFC593387B909A9CFEF8FE4E" author="Milker, Y. &amp; Schmiedl, G." page="90" pageId="22" pageNumber="23" year="2012">
<bibRefCitation id="F54F4B5DFFC593387B909A9CFF38FE4E" author="Milker, Y. &amp; Schmiedl, G." pageId="22" pageNumber="23" pagination="1 - 134" refId="ref35283" refString="Milker, Y. &amp; Schmiedl, G. (2012) A taxonomic guide to modern benthic shelf foraminifera of the western Mediterranean Sea. Palaeontologica Electronica, 15, 1 - 134. https: // doi. org / 10.26879 / 271" type="journal article" year="2012">Milker &amp; Schmiedl, 2012</bibRefCitation>
, p. 90
</treatmentCitation>
, fig. 20.29.
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</paragraph>
<paragraph id="916136ACFFC593387FC99AC2FD0CFE6D" blockId="22.[151,1436,399,485]" box="[151,712,461,485]" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">
<taxonomicName id="56DE4D2FFFC593387FC99AC2FDCEFE6D" ID-CoL="8TGL7" authority="Barker, 1960" authorityName="Barker" authorityYear="1960" box="[151,522,461,485]" class="Globothalamea" family="Uvigerinidae" genus="Euuvigerina" kingdom="Chromista" order="Rotaliida" pageId="22" pageNumber="23" phylum="Foraminifera" rank="species" species="peregrina">
<emphasis id="A3AAEABEFFC593387FC99AC2FEBAFE6D" box="[151,382,462,485]" italics="true" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">Euuvigerina peregrina</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="F54F4B5DFFC593387EDA9AC1FDCEFE6D" author="Barker, R. W." box="[388,522,461,485]" pageId="22" pageNumber="23" pagination="1 - 238" refId="ref27766" refString="Barker, R. W. (1960) Taxonomic notes on the species figured by H. B. Brady in his report on the Foraminifera dredged by H. M. S. Challenger during the years 1873 - 1876. Society of Economic Palaeontologists and Mineralogists, Special Publication, 9, 1 - 238." type="journal article" year="1960">Barker, 1960</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
, pl. 74, fig. 1112.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="D9C46527FFC593387FC9991FFEE0FD12" pageId="22" pageNumber="23" type="description">
<paragraph id="916136ACFFC593387FC9991FFEE0FD12" blockId="22.[151,1437,531,989]" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">
<emphasis id="A3AAEABEFFC593387FC9991FFEE5FDA5" bold="true" box="[151,289,531,557]" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">Description</emphasis>
: The test wall is calcareous and finely perforate. The test is broad, elongate, rounded in cross-section, triserial and covered in longitudinal costae. Later chambers become inflated with depressed sutures. The costae are separated by the sutures. The aperture is terminal, produced on a neck with a pronounced lip, bordering the edge of the aperture.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="D9C46527FFC593387F9999AFFF24FC55" pageId="22" pageNumber="23" type="discussion">
<paragraph id="916136ACFFC593387F9999AFFD45FD6A" blockId="22.[151,1437,531,989]" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">
<emphasis id="A3AAEABEFFC593387F9999AFFEF9FD35" bold="true" box="[199,317,675,701]" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">Remarks:</emphasis>
The tests measure ~
<quantity id="56269B49FFC593387D7799AFFD46FD36" box="[553,642,675,702]" metricMagnitude="-4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.0" pageId="22" pageNumber="23" unit="mm" value="0.5">0.5 mm</quantity>
in cross section diameter and
<quantity id="56269B49FFC593387C8099AFFBF2FD36" box="[990,1078,675,702]" metricMagnitude="-4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="8.0" pageId="22" pageNumber="23" unit="mm" value="0.8">0.8 mm</quantity>
in length. This species forms a major component (&lt;50%) in all three cores.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="916136ACFFC593387F9999E7FB55FCA1" blockId="22.[151,1437,531,989]" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">
<emphasis id="A3AAEABEFFC593387F9999E7FEA3FC8D" bold="true" box="[199,359,747,773]" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">Life strategy:</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="56DE4D2FFFC593387E3399E0FD95FC8D" authorityName="Cushman" authorityYear="1923" box="[365,593,748,773]" class="Globothalamea" family="Uvigerinidae" genus="Uvigerina" kingdom="Chromista" order="Rotaliida" pageId="22" pageNumber="23" phylum="Foraminifera" rank="species" species="peregrina">
<emphasis id="A3AAEABEFFC593387E3399E0FD95FC8D" box="[365,593,748,773]" italics="true" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">Uvigerina peregrina</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
is a shallow-infaunal species (
<bibRefCitation id="F54F4B5DFFC593387CFD99E7FB6FFC8D" author="Corliss, B. H. &amp; Chen, C." box="[931,1195,747,773]" pageId="22" pageNumber="23" pagination="716 - 719" refId="ref29473" refString="Corliss, B. H. &amp; Chen, C. (1988) Morphotype patterns of Norwegian Sea deep-sea benthic foraminifera and ecological implications. Geology, 16 (8), 716 - 719. https: // doi. org / 10.1130 / 0091 - 7613 (1988) 016 &lt;0716: MPONSD&gt; 2.3. CO; 2" type="journal article" year="1988">Corliss and Chen, 1988</bibRefCitation>
), adapted to and most abundant under high organic carbon (
<bibRefCitation id="F54F4B5DFFC593387D649803FD11FCA2" author="Murray, J. W." box="[570,725,783,810]" pageId="22" pageNumber="23" refId="ref35617" refString="Murray, J. W. (2006) Ecology and Applications of Benthic Foraminifera. Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, 426 pp. https: // doi. org / 10.1017 / CBO 9780511535529" type="book" year="2006">Murray, 2006</bibRefCitation>
) and suboxic conditions (
<bibRefCitation id="F54F4B5DFFC593387CAB9803FB41FCA1" author="Kaiho, K." box="[1013,1157,783,809]" pageId="22" pageNumber="23" pagination="719 - 722" refId="ref33365" refString="Kaiho, K. (1994) Benthic foraminiferal dissolved-oxygen index and dissolved-oxygen levels in the modern ocean. Geology, 22 (8), 719 - 722. https: // doi. org / 10.1130 / 0091 - 7613 (1994) 022 &lt;0719: BFDOIA&gt; 2.3. CO; 2" type="journal article" year="1994">Kaiho, 1994</bibRefCitation>
).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="916136ACFFC593387F99983FFF24FC55" blockId="22.[151,1437,531,989]" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">
<emphasis id="A3AAEABEFFC593387F99983FFE7AFCC5" bold="true" box="[199,446,819,845]" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">Regional occurrence</emphasis>
: This species is documented in middle Miocene sediments on the continental shelf of northern
<collectingCountry id="E9C9763CFFC593387FA3985BFEA4FCF9" box="[253,352,855,881]" name="Namibia" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">Namibia</collectingCountry>
, south of the
<collectingRegion id="531AF84EFFC593387EA69854FD8BFCFA" box="[504,591,856,882]" country="Namibia" name="Kunene" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">Kunene</collectingRegion>
River mouth (this study). Schmiedl and Mackensen (1997) reported low to high abundances of
<taxonomicName id="56DE4D2FFFC593387E239870FDC9FC1D" authorityName="Cushman" authorityYear="1923" box="[381,525,892,917]" class="Globothalamea" family="Uvigerinidae" genus="Uvigerina" kingdom="Chromista" order="Rotaliida" pageId="22" pageNumber="23" phylum="Foraminifera" rank="species" species="peregrina">
<emphasis id="A3AAEABEFFC593387E239870FDC9FC1D" box="[381,525,892,917]" italics="true" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">U. peregrina</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
in Pleistocene upper slope sediments of
<collectingCountry id="E9C9763CFFC593387CBF9877FB81FC1D" box="[993,1093,891,917]" name="Namibia" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">Namibia</collectingCountry>
. This species is also abundant in Recent shelf to slope sediments along
<collectingCountry id="E9C9763CFFC593387D369893FD0CFC31" box="[616,712,927,953]" name="Namibia" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">Namibia</collectingCountry>
(
<bibRefCitation id="F54F4B5DFFC593387D869893FCA8FC31" author="Lowry, F. M. D." box="[728,876,927,953]" pageId="22" pageNumber="23" refId="ref34923" refString="Lowry, F. M. D. (1987) Foraminiferal thanatocoenoses from the continental shelf of southern Africa. Unpublished Ph. D. thesis, University College, London, 443 pp." type="book" year="1987">Lowry, 1987</bibRefCitation>
; Schmiedl
<emphasis id="A3AAEABEFFC593387CB498ACFBEEFC31" box="[1002,1066,927,953]" italics="true" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">et al.,</emphasis>
1997) and
<collectingCountry id="E9C9763CFFC593387BF29893FAF8FC31" box="[1196,1340,927,953]" name="South Africa" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">South Africa</collectingCountry>
(
<bibRefCitation id="F54F4B5DFFC593387A159893FF17FC55" author="Lowry, F. M. D." pageId="22" pageNumber="23" refId="ref34923" refString="Lowry, F. M. D. (1987) Foraminiferal thanatocoenoses from the continental shelf of southern Africa. Unpublished Ph. D. thesis, University College, London, 443 pp." type="book" year="1987">Lowry, 1987</bibRefCitation>
).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
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