387 lines
36 KiB
XML
387 lines
36 KiB
XML
<document ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5187427" ID-ISSN="1639-4798" ID-Zenodo-Dep="5187427" approvalRequired="13" approvalRequired_for_textStreams="13" checkinTime="1628769317564" checkinUser="carolina" docAuthor="Wilkin, Paul, Hladik, Annette, Labat, Jean-Noël & Barthelat, Fabien" docDate="2007" docId="11354F5EFFDFFF967AF7F9EFA11969C8" docLanguage="en" docName="Adansonia.29.2.215-228.pdf" docOrigin="Adansonia (3) 29 (2)" docStyle="DocumentStyle:7E81836D30F26F6CECD5F7ABFAAC2CA1.1:Adansonia.2005-2008.journal_article" docStyleId="7E81836D30F26F6CECD5F7ABFAAC2CA1" docStyleName="Adansonia.2005-2008.journal_article" docStyleVersion="1" docTitle="Dioscorea comorensis R. Knuth" docType="treatment" docVersion="2" lastPageId="6" lastPageNumber="221" masterDocId="ED0C3726FFDCFF907A20FFE5A03F6C4E" masterDocTitle="A new edible yam (Dioscorea L.) species endemic to Mayotte, new data on D. comorensis R. Knuth and a key to the yams of the Comoro Archipelago" masterLastPageNumber="228" masterPageNumber="215" pageId="3" pageNumber="218" updateTime="1628771807862" updateUser="ExternalLinkService" zenodo-license-document="CC-BY-4.0" zenodo-license-figures="CC-BY-4.0">
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<mods:mods xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
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<mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:title>A new edible yam (Dioscorea L.) species endemic to Mayotte, new data on D. comorensis R. Knuth and a key to the yams of the Comoro Archipelago</mods:title>
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</mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart>Wilkin, Paul</mods:namePart>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart>Hladik, Annette</mods:namePart>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart>Labat, Jean-Noël</mods:namePart>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart>Barthelat, Fabien</mods:namePart>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:typeOfResource>text</mods:typeOfResource>
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<mods:relatedItem type="host">
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<mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:title>Adansonia</mods:title>
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</mods:titleInfo>
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||
<mods:part>
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<mods:date>2007</mods:date>
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<mods:detail type="series">
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<mods:title>3</mods:title>
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</mods:detail>
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<mods:detail type="volume">
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<mods:number>29</mods:number>
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</mods:detail>
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<mods:detail type="issue">
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<mods:number>2</mods:number>
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</mods:detail>
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<mods:extent unit="page">
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<mods:start>215</mods:start>
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<mods:end>228</mods:end>
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</mods:extent>
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</mods:part>
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</mods:relatedItem>
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<mods:classification>journal article</mods:classification>
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<mods:identifier type="DOI">http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5187427</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier type="ISSN">1639-4798</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier type="Zenodo-Dep">5187427</mods:identifier>
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</mods:mods>
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<treatment LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:11354F5EFFDFFF967AF7F9EFA11969C8" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/11354F5EFFDFFF967AF7F9EFA11969C8" lastPageId="6" lastPageNumber="221" pageId="3" pageNumber="218">
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<subSubSection box="[215,545,1546,1572]" pageId="3" pageNumber="218" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph blockId="3.[215,545,1546,1604]" box="[215,545,1546,1572]" pageId="3" pageNumber="218">
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||
<heading box="[215,545,1546,1572]" centered="true" fontSize="11" level="2" pageId="3" pageNumber="218" reason="6">
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<taxonomicName authority="R. Knuth" authorityName="R. Knuth" box="[215,545,1546,1572]" class="Liliopsida" family="Dioscoreaceae" genus="Dioscorea" kingdom="Plantae" order="Dioscoreales" pageId="3" pageNumber="218" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="comorensis">
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<emphasis bold="true" box="[215,442,1546,1572]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="218">Dioscorea comorensis</emphasis>
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R.Knuth
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</taxonomicName>
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</heading>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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||
<subSubSection pageId="3" pageNumber="218" type="description">
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<paragraph blockId="3.[215,545,1546,1604]" box="[340,420,1578,1604]" pageId="3" pageNumber="218">
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(
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<figureCitation box="[348,409,1578,1604]" captionStart="FIG" captionStartId="4.[113,124,1636,1653]" captionTargetBox="[247,1098,216,1621]" captionTargetId="figure-35@4.[247,701,766,1184]" captionTargetPageId="4" captionText="FIG. 1. — Dioscorea comorensis R.Knuth: A, female inflorescences with basal ovaries reflexed and enlarging; B, female inflorescence with more ovaries reflexed and enlarging; C, immature infructescence; D, part of male inflorescence showing the flowers in cymules; E, male inflorescences; F, male flowers. Photos Nicole Crestey (A, B, D, E) and Jean-Noël Labat (C, F)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5187429" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5187429/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="218">Fig. 1</figureCitation>
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)
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</paragraph>
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||
<paragraph blockId="3.[113,647,1648,1699]" box="[129,647,1648,1672]" pageId="3" pageNumber="218">
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||
<emphasis box="[129,606,1648,1672]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="218">Repertorum Specierum Novarum Regni Vegetabilis</emphasis>
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22:
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph blockId="3.[113,647,1648,1699]" lastBlockId="3.[677,1210,215,292]" pageId="3" pageNumber="218">
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<materialsCitation collectingDate="1861-04-08" collectorName="Kirk & Meller" country="Comoros" county="Comoro Isles" location="Fumboni" municipality="Mohilla" pageId="3" pageNumber="218" specimenCount="1" specimenCount-male="1" stateProvince="Moheli" typeStatus="holotype">
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347 (1926). —
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<typeStatus box="[262,313,1675,1699]" pageId="3" pageNumber="218">Type</typeStatus>
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:
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<collectingCounty box="[320,447,1675,1699]" pageId="3" pageNumber="218">Comoro Isles</collectingCounty>
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[
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<collectingCountry box="[458,555,1675,1699]" name="Comoros" pageId="3" pageNumber="218">Comoros</collectingCountry>
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],
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<collectingMunicipality box="[570,647,1675,1699]" pageId="3" pageNumber="218">Mohilla</collectingMunicipality>
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[
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<collectingRegion box="[682,751,215,239]" country="Comoros" name="Moheli" pageId="3" pageNumber="218">Mwali</collectingRegion>
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], hills and coast by
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<location LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:11354F5EFFDFFF967AF7F9EFA11969C8:9C43A893FFDFFF937984FF32A3C16CA1" box="[932,1022,215,239]" country="Comoros" county="Comoro Isles" municipality="Mohilla" name="Fumboni" pageId="3" pageNumber="218" stateProvince="Moheli">Fumboni</location>
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[Foumboni]
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<location LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:11354F5EFFDFFF967AF7F9EFA11969C8:9C43A893FFDFFF937E5CFF32A4896CA0" box="[1148,1206,215,238]" country="Comoros" county="Comoro Isles" municipality="Mohilla" name="Town" pageId="3" pageNumber="218" stateProvince="Moheli">Town</location>
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,
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<specimenCount box="[677,697,247,265]" pageId="3" pageNumber="218" type="male">♂</specimenCount>
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fl.,
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<date box="[738,839,241,265]" pageId="3" pageNumber="218" value="1861-04-08">
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<collectingDate box="[738,839,241,265]" pageId="3" pageNumber="218" value="1861-04-08">8.IV.1861</collectingDate>
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</date>
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||
,
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<emphasis box="[851,1030,241,265]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="218">
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<collectorName box="[851,894,241,265]" pageId="3" pageNumber="218">Kirk</collectorName>
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&
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<collectorName box="[929,989,241,265]" pageId="3" pageNumber="218">Meller</collectorName>
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s.n.
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||
</emphasis>
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||
(holo-, S; iso-, B, [digital image!], K!)
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||
</materialsCitation>
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||
.
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||
</paragraph>
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<paragraph blockId="3.[677,1210,315,525]" pageId="3" pageNumber="218">
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<materialsCitation collectingDate="1975-02-04" collectingDateMax="2006-05-28" collectingDateMin="1975-02-04" collectorName="Yahaya & Abdou & Labat" country="Comoros" location="Ouroveni" municipality="Grand Comore-Sud" pageId="3" pageNumber="218" specimenCount="3" specimenCount-female="1" specimenCount-male="2" stateProvince="Grande Comore">
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SPECIMENS EXAMINED. —
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<emphasis bold="true" box="[911,1004,317,341]" pageId="3" pageNumber="218">
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<collectingCountry box="[911,1001,317,341]" name="Comoros" pageId="3" pageNumber="218">Comoros</collectingCountry>
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.
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</emphasis>
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<collectingRegion box="[1008,1155,315,340]" country="Comoros" name="Grande Comore" pageId="3" pageNumber="218">Grande Comore</collectingRegion>
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[Njazidja],
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<collectingMunicipality box="[742,939,342,366]" pageId="3" pageNumber="218">Grand Comore-Sud</collectingMunicipality>
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,
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||
<location LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:11354F5EFFDFFF967AF7F9EFA11969C8:9C43A893FFDFFF937994FEB3A42B6D20" box="[948,1044,342,366]" country="Comoros" municipality="Grand Comore-Sud" name="Ouroveni" pageId="3" pageNumber="218" stateProvince="Grande Comore">Ouroveni</location>
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,
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<specimenCount box="[1054,1074,347,365]" pageId="3" pageNumber="218" type="male">♂</specimenCount>
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fl.,
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<date box="[1110,1206,342,366]" pageId="3" pageNumber="218" value="1975-02-04">
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<collectingDate box="[1110,1206,342,366]" pageId="3" pageNumber="218" value="1975-02-04">4.II.1975</collectingDate>
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||
</date>
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||
,
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<emphasis box="[677,774,368,392]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="218">Floret 737</emphasis>
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(P!). —
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<collectingRegion box="[859,930,368,392]" country="Comoros" name="Moheli" pageId="3" pageNumber="218">Moheli</collectingRegion>
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[
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<collectingRegion box="[941,1011,368,392]" country="Comoros" name="Moheli" pageId="3" pageNumber="218">Mwali</collectingRegion>
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], Itsamia Ngouni,
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<specimenCount box="[1192,1209,374,392]" pageId="3" pageNumber="218" type="female">♀</specimenCount>
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fr.,
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||
<date box="[709,814,395,419]" pageId="3" pageNumber="218" value="2006-05-28">
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<collectingDate box="[709,814,395,419]" pageId="3" pageNumber="218" value="2006-05-28">28.V.2006</collectingDate>
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||
</date>
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||
,
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||
<emphasis box="[823,1104,395,419]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="218">
|
||
Labat,
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||
<collectorName box="[889,956,395,419]" pageId="3" pageNumber="218">Yahaya</collectorName>
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||
&
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<collectorName box="[987,1048,395,419]" pageId="3" pageNumber="218">Abdou</collectorName>
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3717
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</emphasis>
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||
(CNDRS, K!, MO, P!). — Itsamia Ngouni,
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<specimenCount box="[986,1006,427,445]" pageId="3" pageNumber="218" type="male">♂</specimenCount>
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fl.,
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<date box="[1039,1142,421,445]" pageId="3" pageNumber="218" value="2006-05-28">
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<collectingDate box="[1039,1142,421,445]" pageId="3" pageNumber="218" value="2006-05-28">28.V.2006</collectingDate>
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||
</date>
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||
,
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||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="218">
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||
<collectorName box="[1150,1207,421,445]" pageId="3" pageNumber="218">Labat</collectorName>
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||
,
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||
<collectorName box="[677,744,448,472]" pageId="3" pageNumber="218">Yahaya</collectorName>
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||
&
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||
<collectorName box="[776,837,448,472]" pageId="3" pageNumber="218">Abdou</collectorName>
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3717bis
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</emphasis>
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||
(CNDRS, K!, MO, P!)
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||
</materialsCitation>
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||
.
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||
</paragraph>
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||
</subSubSection>
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||
<subSubSection lastPageId="6" lastPageNumber="221" pageId="3" pageNumber="218" type="materials_examined">
|
||
<paragraph blockId="3.[677,1210,315,525]" pageId="3" pageNumber="218">
|
||
<materialsCitation collectorName="de France" country="Mauritius" location="Ile de France" pageId="3" pageNumber="218" specimenCount="1" specimenCount-male="1">
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" box="[677,782,476,500]" pageId="3" pageNumber="218">
|
||
<collectingCountry box="[677,778,476,500]" name="Mauritius" pageId="3" pageNumber="218">Mauritius</collectingCountry>
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||
.
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||
</emphasis>
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||
<location LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:11354F5EFFDFFF967AF7F9EFA11969C8:9C43A893FFDFFF937933FE39A3B26DBC" box="[787,909,474,502]" country="Mauritius" name="Ile de France" pageId="3" pageNumber="218">
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||
Île
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<collectorName box="[816,909,474,498]" pageId="3" pageNumber="218">de France</collectorName>
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</location>
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||
[Mauritius], no further locality data,
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||
<specimenCount box="[730,750,506,524]" pageId="3" pageNumber="218" type="male">♂</specimenCount>
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fl., unknown date,
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<emphasis box="[943,1043,501,524]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="218">Jussieu s.n.</emphasis>
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||
(P!)
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||
</materialsCitation>
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||
.
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||
</paragraph>
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||
<paragraph blockId="3.[677,1210,565,1700]" box="[677,821,565,591]" pageId="3" pageNumber="218">DESCRIPTION</paragraph>
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<paragraph blockId="3.[677,1210,565,1700]" lastBlockId="5.[677,1210,216,1129]" lastPageId="5" lastPageNumber="220" pageId="3" pageNumber="218">
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Twining vine, upper stems appearing annual, lower stems and tuber unknown but reported to be edible. Indumentum of colourless, caducous (but persistent for longer and in greater density than those of
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<taxonomicName authorityName="Wilkin & Hladik & Labat & Barthelat" authorityYear="2007" box="[677,825,723,748]" class="Liliopsida" family="Dioscoreaceae" genus="Dioscorea" kingdom="Plantae" order="Dioscoreales" pageId="3" pageNumber="218" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="mayottensis">
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<emphasis box="[677,825,723,748]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="218">D. mayottensis</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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) multicellular hairs to
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<quantity box="[1064,1150,723,749]" metricMagnitude="-4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="7.0" pageId="3" pageNumber="218" unit="mm" value="0.7">0.7 mm</quantity>
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long, usually dense on young vegetative buds and shoots and sparsely persistent around the axil and on the leaf blade lower surface, especially on the veins near the point of petiole insertion, usually appressed but sometimes erect on buds. Stems left-twining, to
|
||
<quantity box="[705,770,913,939]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.0" pageId="3" pageNumber="218" unit="mm" value="3.0">3 mm</quantity>
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in diameter (base unknown), terete, with shallow longitudinal ridges and grooves on main stems, weakly so or absent in fertile shoots, unarmed, drying mid-brown to grey. Leaves alternate, blade (2.7-)4.6-8.1 × (2.0-)
|
||
<quantity box="[899,1019,1039,1066]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.15" metricValueMax="6.8" metricValueMin="3.5" pageId="3" pageNumber="218" unit="cm" value="5.15" valueMax="6.8" valueMin="3.5">3.5-6.8 cm</quantity>
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||
, ovate to narrowly so or deltoid-ovate, chartaceous to thinly so, margins entire, base deeply cordate, sinus
|
||
<quantity box="[1087,1210,1103,1130]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.275" metricValueMax="2.2" metricValueMin="0.35" pageId="3" pageNumber="218" unit="mm" value="12.75" valueMax="22.0" valueMin="3.5">3.5-22 mm</quantity>
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||
deep, broad to narrow or subhippocrepiform, apex
|
||
<quantity box="[677,778,1166,1193]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.25" metricValueMax="1.9" metricValueMin="0.6" pageId="3" pageNumber="218" unit="mm" value="12.5" valueMax="19.0" valueMin="6.0">6-19 mm</quantity>
|
||
long, acuminate to short-acuminate with a
|
||
<quantity box="[697,808,1198,1225]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.75" metricValueMax="6.0" metricValueMin="1.5" pageId="3" pageNumber="218" unit="mm" value="3.75" valueMax="6.0" valueMin="1.5">1.5-6 mm</quantity>
|
||
long, deltoid to narrowly so, brown forerunner tip, veins 5 to the apex, with a smaller, bifid pair of veins to the base, primary venation prominent on lower leaf blade surfaces; petiole
|
||
<quantity box="[677,800,1324,1351]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.15" metricValueMax="6.1" metricValueMin="2.2" pageId="3" pageNumber="218" unit="cm" value="4.15" valueMax="6.1" valueMin="2.2">2.2-6.1 cm</quantity>
|
||
long, terete but channeled on upper surface; lateral nodal organs (“stipules” of
|
||
<bibRefCitation author="BURKILL I. H." pageId="3" pageNumber="218" pagination="319 - 412" refId="ref8322" refString="BURKILL I. H. 1960. - The organography and the evolution of the Dioscoreaceae, the family of the yams. Journal of the Linnean Society (Botany) 56: 319 - 412." type="journal article" year="1960">Burkill 1960</bibRefCitation>
|
||
) sometimes present as two fleshy, recurved, acute projections to
|
||
<emphasis box="[896,905,1420,1445]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="218">c</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
<quantity box="[920,985,1420,1446]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.0" pageId="3" pageNumber="218" unit="mm" value="2.0">2 mm</quantity>
|
||
long on each side of amplexicaul petiole base, some collapsing on drying; bulbils and cataphylls absent (but stem base unknown). Male inflorescences 1-3 per axil, simple, racemose, pendent, primary axis
|
||
<quantity box="[1024,1156,1547,1573]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.325" metricValueMax="2.17" metricValueMin="0.48" pageId="3" pageNumber="218" unit="cm" value="13.25" valueMax="21.7" valueMin="4.8">4.8-21.7 cm</quantity>
|
||
long (including
|
||
<quantity box="[790,903,1578,1605]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.2999999999999998" metricValueMax="1.9" metricValueMin="0.7" pageId="3" pageNumber="218" unit="cm" value="1.2999999999999998" valueMax="1.9" valueMin="0.7">0.7-1.9 cm</quantity>
|
||
long peduncle), axis flattened and narrowly winged, axis width
|
||
<quantity box="[1012,1139,1610,1637]" metricMagnitude="-4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="9.5" metricValueMax="14.0" metricValueMin="5.0" pageId="3" pageNumber="218" unit="mm" value="0.95" valueMax="1.4" valueMin="0.5">0.5-1.4 mm</quantity>
|
||
, nodes quite irregularly spaced and 0.7-5.0(-7.3) mm apart, alternate to suboppposite, each possessing 2-3(-4) flowers in a cymule or a solitary flower plus a cymule where the primary branch of the cymule is very short and concealed by the cymule bract, cymule bracts one per node,
|
||
<quantity box="[273,402,311,337]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.6" metricValueMax="1.9" metricValueMin="1.3" pageId="5" pageNumber="220" unit="mm" value="1.6" valueMax="1.9" valueMin="1.3">1.3-1.9 mm</quantity>
|
||
long, ovate to lanceolate, long-acuminate, membranous, midrib scarcely thickened, cymule primary branch to
|
||
<quantity box="[503,587,374,401]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.1" pageId="5" pageNumber="220" unit="mm" value="1.1">1.1 mm</quantity>
|
||
long. Female inflorescences to
|
||
<emphasis box="[370,379,407,432]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="220">c</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
<quantity box="[391,457,406,432]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.4" pageId="5" pageNumber="220" unit="cm" value="24.0">24 cm</quantity>
|
||
long in fruit, with a
|
||
<quantity box="[129,238,438,464]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.4" metricValueMax="2.8" metricValueMin="2.0" pageId="5" pageNumber="220" unit="mm" value="24.0" valueMax="28.0" valueMin="20.0">20-28 mm</quantity>
|
||
long peduncle, simple, spicate, pendent, one per axil, flowers
|
||
<emphasis box="[327,336,470,495]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="220">c</emphasis>
|
||
. 20-25 per inflorescence, unevenly spaced
|
||
<quantity box="[260,386,501,527]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.3" metricValueMax="6.2" metricValueMin="2.4" pageId="5" pageNumber="220" unit="mm" value="4.3" valueMax="6.2" valueMin="2.4">2.4-6.2 mm</quantity>
|
||
apart, on all sides of axis. Male flowers pedicellate, pale yellow-green, scent not recorded, pedicels 0.9-3.1 ×
|
||
<quantity box="[417,562,564,591]" metricMagnitude="-4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.75" metricValueMax="6.0" metricValueMin="1.5" pageId="5" pageNumber="220" unit="mm" value="0.375" valueMax="0.6" valueMin="0.15">0.15-0.6 mm</quantity>
|
||
, weakly clavate, ridged and angled; floral bracts at pedicel bases, 0.7-1.3 ×
|
||
<quantity box="[286,416,628,654]" metricMagnitude="-4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.0" metricValueMax="6.0" metricValueMin="2.0" pageId="5" pageNumber="220" unit="mm" value="0.4" valueMax="0.6" valueMin="0.2">0.2-0.6 mm</quantity>
|
||
, narrowly ovate or elliptic to lanceolate, acuminate to obtuse, decreasing acropetally in size and especially width at each node of the cymule, membranous but thinner than cymule bracts; tepals differentiated into 2 whorls of 3 (inner broader), inserted on a shallow, open, bowl-shaped torus 0.2-0.5 ×
|
||
<quantity box="[270,396,818,845]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.15" metricValueMax="1.5" metricValueMin="0.8" pageId="5" pageNumber="220" unit="mm" value="1.15" valueMax="1.5" valueMin="0.8">0.8-1.5 mm</quantity>
|
||
, membranous and semitranslucent like tepals except towards centre where filaments are inserted; tepals erect in bud, more or less patent to torus margin at anthesis, membranous, midrib visible but scarcely thickened, apices obtuse to acute, spreading to reflexed; outer tepals 0.9-1.5 ×
|
||
<quantity box="[113,246,1008,1034]" metricMagnitude="-4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="7.5" metricValueMax="11.0" metricValueMin="4.0" pageId="5" pageNumber="220" unit="mm" value="0.75" valueMax="1.1" valueMin="0.4">0.4-1.1 mm</quantity>
|
||
, lanceolate to elliptic, elliptic-oblong or narrowly so; inner tepals 0.7-1.6 ×
|
||
<quantity box="[511,642,1040,1066]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.05" metricValueMax="1.3" metricValueMin="0.8" pageId="5" pageNumber="220" unit="mm" value="1.05" valueMax="1.3" valueMin="0.8">0.8-1.3 mm</quantity>
|
||
, elliptic-oblong to ovate or broadly so, stamens 6, inserted in a ring on a thickened area in the torus centre, filaments
|
||
<quantity box="[304,438,1135,1161]" metricMagnitude="-4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="6" metricValueMax="8.0" metricValueMin="4.0" pageId="5" pageNumber="220" unit="mm" value="0.6" valueMax="0.8" valueMin="0.4">0.4-0.8 mm</quantity>
|
||
long, erect at base and free or contingent to form a column to
|
||
<quantity box="[563,646,1166,1193]" metricMagnitude="-4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.0" pageId="5" pageNumber="220" unit="mm" value="0.3">0.3 mm</quantity>
|
||
long, above free and apically reflexed in an arching manner such that the anthers are held downwards in dense to lax ring (depending on the age of the flower), not contorted or coiled, anthers 0.15-0.3 ×
|
||
<quantity box="[113,259,1324,1351]" metricMagnitude="-4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.75" metricValueMax="2.5" metricValueMin="1.0" pageId="5" pageNumber="220" unit="mm" value="0.175" valueMax="0.25" valueMin="0.1">0.1-0.25 mm</quantity>
|
||
, elliptic-oblong, basifixed, pistillode a tiny, fleshy projection in the centre of the ring of filament bases. Female flowers pale yellow-green, scent not recorded, (sub)sessile until capsule development begins; floral bracts 1.6-2.2 ×
|
||
<quantity box="[511,643,1451,1478]" metricMagnitude="-4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="9.0" metricValueMax="11.0" metricValueMin="7.0" pageId="5" pageNumber="220" unit="mm" value="0.9" valueMax="1.1" valueMin="0.7">0.7-1.1 mm</quantity>
|
||
, ovate, long-acuminate, membranous, with a thicker midrib, sheathing base of ovary during early development, bracteoles similar but smaller, inserted at 90° to bract, apex less sharply acuminate; ovary
|
||
<quantity metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.2" metricValueMax="3.8" metricValueMin="2.6" pageId="5" pageNumber="220" unit="mm" value="3.2" valueMax="3.8" valueMin="2.6">2.6- 3.8 mm</quantity>
|
||
long, narrowly elliptic to narrowly oblong in outline, 3-angled, pale green when immature, drying more or less black; floral stipe
|
||
<quantity box="[517,646,1673,1700]" metricMagnitude="-4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="6" metricValueMax="8.0" metricValueMin="4.0" pageId="5" pageNumber="220" unit="mm" value="0.6" valueMax="0.8" valueMin="0.4">0.4-0.8 mm</quantity>
|
||
long; tepals differentiated into 2 whorls of 3 (inner broader), spreading at anthesis, later reflexed (especially inner whorl), thickly membranous with a thicker midrib, inserted on the rim of a 0.3-0.7 × 1.0-
|
||
<quantity box="[721,810,342,369]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.6" pageId="5" pageNumber="220" unit="mm" value="1.6">1.6 mm</quantity>
|
||
torus, shallow, open, bowl-shaped, texture like tepals but thickening gradually towards style bases; outer tepals 1.1-1.7 ×
|
||
<quantity box="[1039,1170,406,433]" metricMagnitude="-4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="6.5" metricValueMax="8.0" metricValueMin="5.0" pageId="5" pageNumber="220" unit="mm" value="0.65" valueMax="0.8" valueMin="0.5">0.5-0.8 mm</quantity>
|
||
, elliptic to elliptic-oblong or lanceolate, apex acute or acuminate; inner tepals 1.2-1.8 × (0.6-)
|
||
<quantity box="[1076,1206,469,496]" metricMagnitude="-4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="9.5" metricValueMax="11.0" metricValueMin="8.0" pageId="5" pageNumber="220" unit="mm" value="0.95" valueMax="1.1" valueMin="0.8">0.8-1.1 mm</quantity>
|
||
, broadly elliptic to elliptic-oblong or broadly so, apex obtuse to rounded; staminodia 6,
|
||
<quantity box="[1026,1151,533,559]" metricMagnitude="-4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.0" metricValueMax="3.0" metricValueMin="1.0" pageId="5" pageNumber="220" unit="mm" value="0.2" valueMax="0.3" valueMin="0.1">0.1-0.3 mm</quantity>
|
||
long, inserted around the style base, erect, filiform with a capitate, erect apex; styles 0.7-1.0 mm long, fused to form an erect column for
|
||
<quantity box="[951,1082,627,654]" metricMagnitude="-4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.5" metricValueMax="5.0" metricValueMin="2.0" pageId="5" pageNumber="220" unit="mm" value="0.35" valueMax="0.5" valueMin="0.2">0.2-0.5 mm</quantity>
|
||
, apices free, recurved, bifid, stigma branches deltoid, spreading, horn-like,
|
||
<quantity box="[788,916,691,718]" metricMagnitude="-4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.0" metricValueMax="5.0" metricValueMin="3.0" pageId="5" pageNumber="220" unit="mm" value="0.4" valueMax="0.5" valueMin="0.3">0.3-0.5 mm</quantity>
|
||
long. Capsules 18-23 ×
|
||
<quantity metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.25" metricValueMax="1.4" metricValueMin="1.1" pageId="5" pageNumber="220" unit="mm" value="12.5" valueMax="14.0" valueMin="11.0">11- 14 mm</quantity>
|
||
, ascending at
|
||
<emphasis box="[916,926,723,748]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="220">c</emphasis>
|
||
. 60-45° to infructescence axis on a
|
||
<quantity box="[776,863,755,781]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.0" metricValueMax="4.0" metricValueMin="2.0" pageId="5" pageNumber="220" unit="mm" value="3.0" valueMax="4.0" valueMin="2.0">2-4 mm</quantity>
|
||
long, terete to narrowly conical, 3-angled pedicel, oblong to oblong-elliptic or oblong-obovate in outline, drying glossy light brown with darker matt flecking, margin and axis darker, capsule base rounded to retuse, apex obtuse to acute, with torus and tepals persisting on a short floral stipe until at least submature. Seeds (material examined possibly submature) 5.4-6.2 ×
|
||
<quantity box="[975,1099,976,1003]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.45" metricValueMax="4.7" metricValueMin="4.2" pageId="5" pageNumber="220" unit="mm" value="4.45" valueMax="4.7" valueMin="4.2">4.2-4.7 mm</quantity>
|
||
, lenticularreniform to lenticular-ovoid, dull brown, wing 7.6-9.6 ×
|
||
<quantity box="[782,912,1039,1066]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.3" metricValueMax="5.8" metricValueMin="4.8" pageId="5" pageNumber="220" unit="mm" value="5.3" valueMax="5.8" valueMin="4.8">4.8-5.8 mm</quantity>
|
||
, orientated towards pedicel, oblong, membranous, golden-brown, translucent, apex rounded to acute.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<caption ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5187429" ID-Zenodo-Dep="5187429" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5187429/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="219" startId="4.[113,124,1636,1653]" targetBox="[247,1098,216,1621]" targetPageId="4">
|
||
<paragraph blockId="4.[113,1211,1636,1698]" pageId="4" pageNumber="219">
|
||
FIG. 1. —
|
||
<taxonomicName authority="R. Knuth" authorityName="R. Knuth" box="[193,452,1636,1653]" class="Liliopsida" family="Dioscoreaceae" genus="Dioscorea" kingdom="Plantae" order="Dioscoreales" pageId="4" pageNumber="219" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="comorensis">
|
||
<emphasis box="[193,377,1636,1653]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="219">Dioscorea comorensis</emphasis>
|
||
R.Knuth
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
:
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" box="[459,472,1636,1653]" pageId="4" pageNumber="219">A</emphasis>
|
||
, female inflorescences with basal ovaries reflexed and enlarging;
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" box="[1015,1028,1636,1653]" pageId="4" pageNumber="219">B</emphasis>
|
||
, female inflorescence with more ovaries reflexed and enlarging;
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" box="[460,474,1658,1675]" pageId="4" pageNumber="219">C</emphasis>
|
||
, immature infructescence;
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" box="[700,714,1658,1675]" pageId="4" pageNumber="219">D</emphasis>
|
||
, part of male inflorescence showing the flowers in cymules;
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" box="[113,125,1681,1698]" pageId="4" pageNumber="219">E</emphasis>
|
||
, male inflorescences;
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" box="[311,322,1681,1698]" pageId="4" pageNumber="219">F</emphasis>
|
||
, male flowers. Photos Nicole Crestey (A, B, D, E) and Jean-Noël Labat (C, F).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<paragraph blockId="5.[677,1210,1167,1699]" box="[677,777,1167,1193]" pageId="5" pageNumber="220">REMARKS</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph blockId="5.[677,1210,1167,1699]" lastBlockId="6.[113,647,216,337]" lastPageId="6" lastPageNumber="221" pageId="5" pageNumber="220">
|
||
The isotype at B consists of two detached leaves and three mounted male inflorescences, with presumably other loose inflorescences in the capsule. Verifying the collection locality given for the
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="220">Jussieu s.n.</emphasis>
|
||
specimen at P is critical in determining whether this species is disjunct in its distribution (or one part of its distribution is anthropogenic) or endemic to Ndjazidja and Mwali. There is unfortunately no duplicate specimen in Jussieu’s herbarium, which might have yielded more label data. Thus this species should be sought urgently in both the Comoro Archipelago and
|
||
<collectingCountry box="[862,972,1546,1572]" name="Mauritius" pageId="5" pageNumber="220">Mauritius</collectingCountry>
|
||
. Only the widespread
|
||
<taxonomicName box="[677,761,1578,1604]" class="Liliopsida" family="Dioscoreaceae" genus="Dioscorea" kingdom="Plantae" order="Dioscoreales" pageId="5" pageNumber="220" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="alata">
|
||
<emphasis box="[677,761,1578,1604]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="220">D. alata</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName box="[773,897,1578,1604]" class="Liliopsida" family="Dioscoreaceae" genus="Dioscorea" kingdom="Plantae" order="Dioscoreales" pageId="5" pageNumber="220" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="bulbifera">
|
||
<emphasis box="[773,897,1578,1604]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="220">D. bulbifera</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName box="[947,1108,1578,1604]" class="Liliopsida" family="Dioscoreaceae" genus="Dioscorea" kingdom="Plantae" order="Dioscoreales" pageId="5" pageNumber="220" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="sansibarensis">
|
||
<emphasis box="[947,1108,1578,1604]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="220">D. sansibarensis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
are in the treatment of
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="R.Brown" authorityYear="1810" box="[815,967,1610,1636]" class="Liliopsida" family="Dioscoreaceae" kingdom="Plantae" order="Dioscoreales" pageId="5" pageNumber="220" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="family">Dioscoreaceae</taxonomicName>
|
||
in the
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="220">Flore des Mascareignes</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<bibRefCitation author="MARAIS W." box="[759,901,1641,1668]" pageId="5" pageNumber="220" pagination="1 - 5" refId="ref8512" refString="MARAIS W. 1978. - Dioscoreacees, in BOSSER J., CADEL T. & JULIEN H. R. (eds), Flore des Mascareignes: la Reunion, Maurice, Rodrigues. Fam. 177 Iridacees to 188 Joncacees. The Sugar Industry Reseach Institute, Mauritius; Office de la Recherche scientifique et technique d'Outre-Mer, Paris; Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew: 1 - 5." type="book chapter" year="1978">Marais 1978</bibRefCitation>
|
||
). The
|
||
<emphasis box="[969,1081,1641,1667]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="220">Labat et al</emphasis>
|
||
. collections of
|
||
<taxonomicName box="[706,850,1674,1699]" class="Liliopsida" family="Dioscoreaceae" genus="Dioscorea" kingdom="Plantae" order="Dioscoreales" pageId="5" pageNumber="220" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="comorensis">
|
||
<emphasis box="[706,850,1674,1699]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="220">D. comorensis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
in 2006 have allowed the female plant to be described and confirmed that the species is still extant. Unfortunately the female flowers on
|
||
<emphasis box="[149,260,279,305]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="221">Labat et al</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
<emphasis box="[274,330,279,305]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="221">3717</emphasis>
|
||
are mainly past the period of stigma receptivity.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph blockId="6.[113,647,375,749]" box="[113,428,375,401]" pageId="6" pageNumber="221">DISTRIBUTION AND ECOLOGY</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph blockId="6.[113,647,375,749]" pageId="6" pageNumber="221">
|
||
This species occurs in the Comoro Archipelago (Ndjazidja and Mwali) and possibly
|
||
<collectingCountry box="[510,617,437,463]" name="Mauritius" pageId="6" pageNumber="221">Mauritius</collectingCountry>
|
||
in coastal scrub and low forest. It is said to favour dry, bare soils (Msoili pers. comm.). The collections made by
|
||
<emphasis box="[145,253,533,559]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="221">Labat et al</emphasis>
|
||
. were made at
|
||
<emphasis box="[410,419,533,558]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="221">c</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
<quantity box="[432,487,533,559]" metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="9.0" pageId="6" pageNumber="221" unit="m" value="90.0">90 m</quantity>
|
||
in elevation. A second Mwali population was discovered in littoral vegetation on the island of Wenefou (Ouénéfou) South of Nioumachoua in Mwali in
|
||
<date box="[512,646,628,654]" pageId="6" pageNumber="221" value="2007-03">March 2007</date>
|
||
(Crestey pers. comm.); male and female plants were photographed (
|
||
<figureCitation box="[337,399,691,717]" captionStart="FIG" captionStartId="4.[113,124,1636,1653]" captionTargetBox="[247,1098,216,1621]" captionTargetId="figure-35@4.[247,701,766,1184]" captionTargetPageId="4" captionText="FIG. 1. — Dioscorea comorensis R.Knuth: A, female inflorescences with basal ovaries reflexed and enlarging; B, female inflorescence with more ovaries reflexed and enlarging; C, immature infructescence; D, part of male inflorescence showing the flowers in cymules; E, male inflorescences; F, male flowers. Photos Nicole Crestey (A, B, D, E) and Jean-Noël Labat (C, F)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5187429" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5187429/files/figure.png" pageId="6" pageNumber="221">Fig. 1</figureCitation>
|
||
) but unfortunately no specimens made.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph blockId="6.[113,646,787,908]" box="[113,334,787,813]" pageId="6" pageNumber="221">VERNACULAR NAMES</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph blockId="6.[113,646,787,908]" pageId="6" pageNumber="221">
|
||
<emphasis box="[113,275,818,844]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="221">Chiyazi msirou</emphasis>
|
||
in Njazidja (“forest yam” according to the label of
|
||
<emphasis box="[310,419,849,876]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="221">Floret 737</emphasis>
|
||
) and
|
||
<emphasis box="[481,553,850,876]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="221">M’trou</emphasis>
|
||
or
|
||
<emphasis box="[590,646,850,875]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="221">Mtru</emphasis>
|
||
(Msoili pers. comm.) in
|
||
<collectingRegion box="[377,450,881,907]" country="Comoros" name="Moheli" pageId="6" pageNumber="221">Mwali</collectingRegion>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph blockId="6.[113,646,945,1034]" box="[113,167,945,971]" pageId="6" pageNumber="221">USES</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph blockId="6.[113,646,945,1034]" pageId="6" pageNumber="221">
|
||
Tuber edible (according to the labels of
|
||
<emphasis box="[538,646,976,1002]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="221">Floret 737</emphasis>
|
||
and
|
||
<emphasis box="[161,272,1008,1034]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="221">Labat et al</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
<emphasis box="[287,343,1008,1034]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="221">3717</emphasis>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph blockId="6.[113,647,1073,1414]" box="[113,360,1073,1099]" pageId="6" pageNumber="221">CONSERVATION STATUS</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph blockId="6.[113,647,1073,1414]" pageId="6" pageNumber="221">
|
||
IUCN Red List category DD (
|
||
<bibRefCitation author="IUCN" box="[446,586,1103,1129]" pageId="6" pageNumber="221" refId="ref8480" refString="IUCN 2001. - IUCN Red List Categories and Criteria: Version 3.1. IUCN Species Survival Commission, Gland, Switzerland; Cambridge, UK, ii + 30 p." type="book" year="2001">IUCN 2001</bibRefCitation>
|
||
). The specimen apparently from
|
||
<collectingCountry box="[421,533,1134,1160]" name="Mauritius" pageId="6" pageNumber="221">Mauritius</collectingCountry>
|
||
makes its distribution uncertain (see above) and hence its area of occupancy and extent of occurrence cannot be determined without more information. If it is endemic to Njazidja and Mwali, then it is likely that it should be assessed as EN, given that just one recent collection has been made on either island. Both deforestation and over-utilisation are probable threats.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |