391 lines
49 KiB
XML
391 lines
49 KiB
XML
<document id="4F16B408F2050ABD322E2A999103B301" ID="10.11646/zootaxa.4216.3.1" ID-CLB-Dataset="37361" ID-DOI="10.5281/zenodo.231764" ID-GBIF-Dataset="56021fb5-820d-4ae5-bdb1-ce4420f10aa3" ID-ISSN="1175-5326" ID-Zenodo-Dep="231764" ID-ZooBank="0EF8190D-313C-403F-A99E-50CB172D4BA2" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1483686640756" checkinUser="plazi" docAuthor="Macgowan, Iain" docDate="2017" docId="03A7DC54FFA6BB33FF6BFDF0FDE6FB56" docLanguage="en" docName="zootaxa.4216.3.1.pdf" docOrigin="Zootaxa 4216 (3)" docStyle="DocumentStyle:647186512141C8FC8976D5BCC54AEB7D.9:Zootaxa.2013-.journal_article" docStyleId="647186512141C8FC8976D5BCC54AEB7D" docStyleName="Zootaxa.2013-.journal_article" docStyleVersion="9" docTitle="Fulgenta MacGowan, gen. nov." docType="treatment" docVersion="8" lastPageNumber="205" masterDocId="FF9EA42CFFA7BB37FFFCFFE2FFFDFF92" masterDocTitle="A new genus and species within the tribe Earomyiini (Diptera, Lonchaeidae)" masterLastPageNumber="224" masterPageNumber="201" pageNumber="202" updateTime="1698435377643" updateUser="ExternalLinkService">
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<mods:titleInfo id="0B2A32C77D40848A21008DE9DC53828D">
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<mods:title id="A39E1AA956A83EE3A50092C66665130E">A new genus and species within the tribe Earomyiini (Diptera, Lonchaeidae)</mods:title>
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<mods:name id="6EDC5C35F65A9AA1C0293D692B96D21A" type="personal">
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<mods:namePart id="1E46571F9C1AD90DA18F20B4E59DAFD5">Macgowan, Iain</mods:namePart>
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<mods:typeOfResource id="6CD22598F753547695CE6CCEDD605A5B">text</mods:typeOfResource>
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<mods:title id="8CA3C19F9169BB536AD87631289488C9">Zootaxa</mods:title>
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<mods:part id="3A84BF8B9DFD19A2A2F0413A13AB0924">
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<mods:date id="288C66B5CAB79B93B89AF395E30052A6">2017</mods:date>
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<mods:number id="8AABE387A88806513D628AB8D8819F77">3</mods:number>
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<mods:identifier id="42BE43B982AE504E2D851424086068E1" type="DOI">10.5281/zenodo.231764</mods:identifier>
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<treatment id="03A7DC54FFA6BB33FF6BFDF0FDE6FB56" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6019858" ID-GBIF-Taxon="126094442" ID-Zenodo-Dep="6019858" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03A7DC54FFA6BB33FF6BFDF0FDE6FB56" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/03A7DC54FFA6BB33FF6BFDF0FDE6FB56" lastPageId="4" lastPageNumber="205" pageId="1" pageNumber="202">
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<subSubSection id="C3143EC9FFA6BB36FF6BFDF0FD47FDFC" pageId="1" pageNumber="202" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph id="8BB16D42FFA6BB36FF6BFDF0FDE7FDBE" blockId="1.[151,538,530,556]" box="[151,538,530,556]" pageId="1" pageNumber="202">
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<heading id="D0F9DA2EFFA6BB36FF6BFDF0FDE7FDBE" bold="true" box="[151,538,530,556]" fontSize="11" level="1" pageId="1" pageNumber="202" reason="1">
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<emphasis id="B97AB150FFA6BB36FF6BFDF0FDE7FDBE" bold="true" box="[151,538,530,556]" pageId="1" pageNumber="202">
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<taxonomicName id="4C0E16C1FFA6BB36FF6BFDF0FE62FDBE" ID-CoL="89Q8Z" authority="MacGowan" authorityName="MacGowan" box="[151,415,530,556]" class="Insecta" family="Lonchaeidae" genus="Fulgenta" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="1" pageNumber="202" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus" status="gen. nov.">
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<emphasis id="B97AB150FFA6BB36FF6BFDF0FEF8FDBE" bold="true" box="[151,261,530,556]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="202">Fulgenta</emphasis>
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MacGowan
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</taxonomicName>
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,
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<taxonomicNameLabel id="A2490C2BFFA6BB36FE50FDF0FDE7FDBE" box="[428,538,530,556]" pageId="1" pageNumber="202" rank="genus">gen. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
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</emphasis>
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</heading>
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8BB16D42FFA6BB36FF6BFDBBFD47FDFC" blockId="1.[151,698,601,623]" box="[151,698,601,623]" pageId="1" pageNumber="202">
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Type-species:
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<taxonomicName id="4C0E16C1FFA6BB36FED4FDBBFD9DFDFD" authority="MacGowan" authorityName="MacGowan" box="[296,608,601,623]" class="Insecta" family="Lonchaeidae" genus="Fulgenta" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="1" pageNumber="202" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="pretoria" status="sp. nov.">
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<emphasis id="B97AB150FFA6BB36FED4FDBBFE1DFDFD" bold="true" box="[296,480,601,623]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="202">Fulgenta pretoria</emphasis>
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MacGowan
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</taxonomicName>
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,
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<emphasis id="B97AB150FFA6BB36FD96FDBBFD47FDFC" bold="true" box="[618,698,601,622]" pageId="1" pageNumber="202">
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<taxonomicNameLabel id="A2490C2BFFA6BB36FD96FDBBFD47FDFC" box="[618,698,601,622]" pageId="1" pageNumber="202" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
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</emphasis>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C3143EC9FFA6BB36FF6BFD7EFB2BFD6F" pageId="1" pageNumber="202" type="diagnosis">
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<paragraph id="8BB16D42FFA6BB36FF6BFD7EFB2BFD6F" blockId="1.[151,1437,668,2000]" pageId="1" pageNumber="202">
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<emphasis id="B97AB150FFA6BB36FF6BFD7EFEECFD27" bold="true" box="[151,273,668,693]" pageId="1" pageNumber="202">Diagnosis.</emphasis>
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Small metallic green-blue flies (wing length:
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<quantity id="4CF6C0A7FFA6BB36FCB3FD7EFC1FFD26" box="[847,994,668,693]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.8" metricValueMax="3.1" metricValueMin="2.5" pageId="1" pageNumber="202" unit="mm" value="2.8" valueMax="3.1" valueMin="2.5">2.5–3.1 mm</quantity>
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), body with rather sparse and short chaetotaxy, within the
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<taxonomicName id="4C0E16C1FFA6BB36FE61FD23FDE7FD4A" box="[413,538,705,728]" class="Insecta" family="Lonchaeidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="1" pageNumber="202" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="tribe" tribe="Earomyiini">
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<emphasis id="B97AB150FFA6BB36FE61FD23FDE7FD4A" box="[413,538,705,728]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="202">Earomyiini</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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adults are distinguished from all genera apart from
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<taxonomicName id="4C0E16C1FFA6BB36FB86FD5DFAC5FD4A" box="[1146,1336,703,728]" class="Insecta" family="Lonchaeidae" genus="Lamprolonchaea" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="1" pageNumber="202" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="B97AB150FFA6BB36FB86FD5DFAC5FD4A" box="[1146,1336,703,728]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="202">Lamprolonchaea</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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by their metallic body colour and from
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<taxonomicName id="4C0E16C1FFA6BB36FE0EFD06FD4DFD6F" box="[498,688,740,765]" class="Insecta" family="Lonchaeidae" genus="Lamprolonchaea" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="1" pageNumber="202" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="B97AB150FFA6BB36FE0EFD06FD4DFD6F" box="[498,688,740,765]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="202">Lamprolonchaea</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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by the distinctive structure of the male genitalia.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C3143EC9FFA6BB36FF3BFCE5FDC5F81A" pageId="1" pageNumber="202" type="description">
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<paragraph id="8BB16D42FFA6BB36FF3BFCE5FE84FC6C" blockId="1.[151,1437,668,2000]" pageId="1" pageNumber="202">
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<emphasis id="B97AB150FFA6BB36FF3BFCE5FEA4FCB2" bold="true" box="[199,345,775,800]" pageId="1" pageNumber="202">Description.</emphasis>
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Male:
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<emphasis id="B97AB150FFA6BB36FE4CFCE5FE11FCB2" box="[432,492,775,800]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="202">Head</emphasis>
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: Eyes bare. Frons subshining to matt black dulled with microsculpture or slight pollinosity, frontal and interfrontal setulae very short. Orbital plate shining black, bare apart from orbital seta. Lunule bare, basal colour dark brown to orange, covered in sparse to dense silver pollinosity as are parafacials and face. Anterior genal setulae in single row of 4–8 along mouth margin. Antennae usually entirely black, 1st flagellomere occasionally slightly orange-brown on medial base, 1st flagellomere length to depth ratio ranging from 1.5–2.0:1. Arista pubescent to short plumose, ratio of plumosity at maximum extent to depth of 1st flagellomere in range of 0.25–0.9:1.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8BB16D42FFA6BB36FF3BFBEBFE16FAB3" blockId="1.[151,1437,668,2000]" pageId="1" pageNumber="202">
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<emphasis id="B97AB150FFA6BB36FF3BFBEBFEE5FBB0" box="[199,280,1033,1058]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="202">Thorax</emphasis>
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: mesonotum, shining dark emerald green, bronze green or blue-black, anepisterum and, katepisternum shining metallic green, blue-black or black, anepimeron and other sclerites subshining black. Anepisternum with 1 anterodorsal and 2 posterior setae. One seta on both proepimeron and proepisternum. Katepisternum with 1 seta placed centrally near dorsal margin with a scattering of setulae anterior to the seta, these usually short but in some species are up to 0.5x length of the seta. Scutellum; disc bare, shining green, on margin between lateral and apical setae with 1–2 setulae, 0–1 between apical setae. Calypteres pale, white or yellowish with whitish fringes. Wings clear or occasionally with apical brown shading. Wing length
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<quantity id="4CF6C0A7FFA6BB36FCAEFB06FC28FB6F" box="[850,981,1252,1277]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.8" metricValueMax="3.1" metricValueMin="2.5" pageId="1" pageNumber="202" unit="mm" value="2.8" valueMax="3.1" valueMin="2.5">2.5–3.1mm</quantity>
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. Legs black, all basal and 2nd tarsomeres pale, apical tarsomeres darker.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8BB16D42FFA6BB36FF3BFACEFE92FAFA" blockId="1.[151,1437,668,2000]" pageId="1" pageNumber="202">
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<emphasis id="B97AB150FFA6BB36FF3BFACEFECCFAD7" box="[199,305,1324,1349]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="202">Abdomen</emphasis>
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: tergites brightly shining dark green to blue green, apical segment occasionally with semi-circular excavation at apex.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8BB16D42FFA6BB36FF3BFA96FD8CF9FA" blockId="1.[151,1437,668,2000]" pageId="1" pageNumber="202">
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<emphasis id="B97AB150FFA6BB36FF3BFA96FE7CFA1F" box="[199,385,1396,1421]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="202">Male terminalia</emphasis>
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: lying within abdomen with posterior margin of epandrium orientated ventrally, laminate surstyli situated ventral to epandrium lying parallel to abdominal sternites (
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<figureCitation id="133571C7FFA6BB36FBFFFA7AFBB9FA23" box="[1027,1092,1432,1457]" captionStart="FIGURES 2 – 3" captionStartId="2.[151,264,1548,1571]" captionTargetBox="[265,1230,165,1496]" captionTargetId="figure@2.[264,1323,165,1496]" captionTargetPageId="2" captionText="FIGURES 2 – 3. Ventral view of abdomen showing the orientation of the male terminalia (sternites removed). 2. Fulgenta excisa sp. nov. 3. Lamprolonchaea smaragdi (Walker, 1849)." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/231765/files/figure.png" pageId="1" pageNumber="202">Fig 2</figureCitation>
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) as compared to
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<taxonomicName id="4C0E16C1FFA6BB36FAEDFA7BFEC2FA47" authority="Walker, 1849" authorityName="Walker" authorityYear="1849" class="Insecta" family="Lonchaeidae" genus="Lamprolonchaea" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="1" pageNumber="202" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="smaradgi">
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<emphasis id="B97AB150FFA6BB36FAEDFA7BFA61FA23" box="[1297,1436,1432,1457]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="202">L. smaradgi</emphasis>
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(Walker, 1849)
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</taxonomicName>
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in which the ventral margins of the epandrium are orientated ventrally and the cerci lie posterior to the epandrium (
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<figureCitation id="133571C7FFA6BB36FEBBFA01FE77FA69" box="[327,394,1507,1532]" captionStart="FIGURES 2 – 3" captionStartId="2.[151,264,1548,1571]" captionTargetBox="[265,1230,165,1496]" captionTargetId="figure@2.[264,1323,165,1496]" captionTargetPageId="2" captionText="FIGURES 2 – 3. Ventral view of abdomen showing the orientation of the male terminalia (sternites removed). 2. Fulgenta excisa sp. nov. 3. Lamprolonchaea smaragdi (Walker, 1849)." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/231765/files/figure.png" pageId="1" pageNumber="202">Fig. 3</figureCitation>
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). Epandrium; flattened in the posterior-anterior plane, 9th and 10th terga not completely fused, 9th tergite a rounded or angular lobe attached to the anterior surface of the 10th terga (
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<figureCitation id="133571C7FFA6BB36FB79F9E5FB37F98D" box="[1157,1226,1543,1568]" captionStart="FIGURES 4 – 5" captionStartId="3.[151,264,1797,1820]" captionTargetBox="[321,1224,249,1774]" captionTargetId="figure@3.[250,1337,193,1777]" captionTargetPageId="3" captionText="FIGURES 4 – 5. Fulgenta species, male terminalia. 4. F. excisa sp. nov. lateral view with half of epandrium removed to show medial structures. 5. F. saegeri sp. nov., male terminalia, posterior view. Abbreviations: C = Cerci, Ep = epandrium, HA = hypandrial apodeme, Hypand = hypandrium, Ilobe = medial lobe of epandrium, Ph = phallus, Preg = pregonite, Pgt = postgonite, Sur = Surstylus, t 9 = tergite 9. t 10 = tergite 10." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/231766/files/figure.png" pageId="1" pageNumber="202">
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Fig.
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<quantity id="4CF6C0A7FFA6BB36FB40F9E5FB37F98D" box="[1212,1226,1543,1567]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="kg" metricValue="4.0" pageId="1" pageNumber="202" unit="t" value="4.0">4</quantity>
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</figureCitation>
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t9, t10). Posterior margin, just ventral to base of cerci, with an incurved medial lobe of varying size, surface with or without a scattering of small spicules (
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<figureCitation id="133571C7FFA6BB36FE2AF9ADFDE7F9FA" box="[470,538,1615,1640]" captionStart="FIGURES 4 – 5" captionStartId="3.[151,264,1797,1820]" captionTargetBox="[321,1224,249,1774]" captionTargetId="figure@3.[250,1337,193,1777]" captionTargetPageId="3" captionText="FIGURES 4 – 5. Fulgenta species, male terminalia. 4. F. excisa sp. nov. lateral view with half of epandrium removed to show medial structures. 5. F. saegeri sp. nov., male terminalia, posterior view. Abbreviations: C = Cerci, Ep = epandrium, HA = hypandrial apodeme, Hypand = hypandrium, Ilobe = medial lobe of epandrium, Ph = phallus, Preg = pregonite, Pgt = postgonite, Sur = Surstylus, t 9 = tergite 9. t 10 = tergite 10." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/231766/files/figure.png" pageId="1" pageNumber="202">Fig. 5</figureCitation>
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, Ilobe).
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8BB16D42FFA6BB36FF3BF991FB12F965" blockId="1.[151,1437,668,2000]" pageId="1" pageNumber="202">
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<materialsCitation id="3B66671FFFA6BB36FF3BF991FB12F965" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="1423743118" location="Sur" pageId="1" pageNumber="202" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Sur">
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Cerci usually lying flat along posterior surface of epandrium, forming large to moderately sized laminate processes, often partly fused, often with setulae or setae on dorsal and ventral surfaces (
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<figureCitation id="133571C7FFA6BB36FB79F975FAF1F922" box="[1157,1292,1687,1712]" captionStart="FIGURES 4 – 5" captionStartId="3.[151,264,1797,1820]" captionTargetBox="[321,1224,249,1774]" captionTargetId="figure@3.[250,1337,193,1777]" captionTargetPageId="3" captionText="FIGURES 4 – 5. Fulgenta species, male terminalia. 4. F. excisa sp. nov. lateral view with half of epandrium removed to show medial structures. 5. F. saegeri sp. nov., male terminalia, posterior view. Abbreviations: C = Cerci, Ep = epandrium, HA = hypandrial apodeme, Hypand = hypandrium, Ilobe = medial lobe of epandrium, Ph = phallus, Preg = pregonite, Pgt = postgonite, Sur = Surstylus, t 9 = tergite 9. t 10 = tergite 10." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/231766/files/figure.png" pageId="1" pageNumber="202">Figs. 4 & 5</figureCitation>
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, C). Surstyli small and rudimentary, ranging in structure from a simple narrow process bearing a group of long setulae to a small rounded lobe covered in long, fine setulae; completely enclosed within the epandrium (
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<figureCitation id="133571C7FFA6BB36FB9BF93DFB51F965" box="[1127,1196,1759,1784]" captionStart="FIGURES 4 – 5" captionStartId="3.[151,264,1797,1820]" captionTargetBox="[321,1224,249,1774]" captionTargetId="figure@3.[250,1337,193,1777]" captionTargetPageId="3" captionText="FIGURES 4 – 5. Fulgenta species, male terminalia. 4. F. excisa sp. nov. lateral view with half of epandrium removed to show medial structures. 5. F. saegeri sp. nov., male terminalia, posterior view. Abbreviations: C = Cerci, Ep = epandrium, HA = hypandrial apodeme, Hypand = hypandrium, Ilobe = medial lobe of epandrium, Ph = phallus, Preg = pregonite, Pgt = postgonite, Sur = Surstylus, t 9 = tergite 9. t 10 = tergite 10." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/231766/files/figure.png" pageId="1" pageNumber="202">Fig. 4</figureCitation>
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,
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<collectingRegion id="49CAA3A0FFA6BB36FB44F93DFB1EF965" box="[1208,1251,1759,1783]" country="Tanzania" name="Kusini Unguja" pageId="1" pageNumber="202">Sur</collectingRegion>
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).
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</materialsCitation>
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||
</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8BB16D42FFA6BB36FF3BF8E1FB6AF8D2" blockId="1.[151,1437,668,2000]" pageId="1" pageNumber="202">Hypandrium extending anteriorly for almost half its length, mostly within the epandrium, before extending ventrally out beyond margin of epandrium, the hypandrial apodeme continues in this plane.</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8BB16D42FFA6BB36FF3BF8A9FDC5F81A" blockId="1.[151,1437,668,2000]" pageId="1" pageNumber="202">
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Pregonites and postgonites simple. Phallus often sinuous or angular, with or without interior spurs or flanges, occasionally simple (
|
||
<figureCitation id="133571C7FFA6BB36FE78F88DFDF8F81A" box="[388,517,1903,1928]" captionStart="FIGURES 4 – 5" captionStartId="3.[151,264,1797,1820]" captionTargetBox="[321,1224,249,1774]" captionTargetId="figure@3.[250,1337,193,1777]" captionTargetPageId="3" captionText="FIGURES 4 – 5. Fulgenta species, male terminalia. 4. F. excisa sp. nov. lateral view with half of epandrium removed to show medial structures. 5. F. saegeri sp. nov., male terminalia, posterior view. Abbreviations: C = Cerci, Ep = epandrium, HA = hypandrial apodeme, Hypand = hypandrium, Ilobe = medial lobe of epandrium, Ph = phallus, Preg = pregonite, Pgt = postgonite, Sur = Surstylus, t 9 = tergite 9. t 10 = tergite 10." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/231766/files/figure.png" pageId="1" pageNumber="202">Figs. 4 & 5</figureCitation>
|
||
, Ph)
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C3143EC9FFA6BB36FF3BF871FC48F842" pageId="1" pageNumber="202" type="etymology">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BB16D42FFA6BB36FF3BF871FC48F842" blockId="1.[151,1437,668,2000]" pageId="1" pageNumber="202">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97AB150FFA6BB36FF3BF871FEBBF83E" bold="true" box="[199,326,1939,1964]" pageId="1" pageNumber="202">Etymology</emphasis>
|
||
. The generic name is derived from the Latin
|
||
<emphasis id="B97AB150FFA6BB36FCACF871FC63F83E" box="[848,926,1939,1964]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="202">fulgent</emphasis>
|
||
meaning shining brightly in reference to the bright shining green/blue colour of the thorax, scutellum and abdomen.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<caption id="DF713DCAFFA5BB35FF6BFA0FFD5DF991" box="[151,672,1517,1539]" pageId="2" pageNumber="203">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BB16D42FFA5BB35FF6BFA0FFD5DF991" blockId="2.[151,1436,1517,1601]" box="[151,672,1517,1539]" pageId="2" pageNumber="203">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97AB150FFA5BB35FF6BFA0FFEEEF991" bold="true" box="[151,275,1517,1539]" pageId="2" pageNumber="203">FIGURE 1.</emphasis>
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0E16C1FFA5BB35FEE5FA0FFE36F991" box="[281,459,1517,1539]" class="Insecta" family="Lonchaeidae" genus="Fulgenta" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="203" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="apicalis" status="sp. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97AB150FFA5BB35FEE5FA0FFE36F991" box="[281,459,1517,1539]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="203">Fulgenta apicalis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<emphasis id="B97AB150FFA5BB35FE2DFA0CFDDCF991" bold="true" box="[465,545,1518,1539]" pageId="2" pageNumber="203">
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A2490C2BFFA5BB35FE2DFA0CFDDCF991" box="[465,545,1518,1539]" pageId="2" pageNumber="203" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
, adult male.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<caption id="DF713DCAFFA5BB35FF6BF9EEFCF9F9D3" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/231765/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="203" targetBox="[265,1230,165,1496]" targetPageId="2">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BB16D42FFA5BB35FF6BF9EEFCF9F9D3" blockId="2.[151,1436,1517,1601]" pageId="2" pageNumber="203">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97AB150FFA5BB35FF6BF9EEFEC3F9B3" bold="true" box="[151,318,1548,1571]" pageId="2" pageNumber="203">FIGURES 2–3.</emphasis>
|
||
Ventral view of abdomen showing the orientation of the male terminalia (sternites removed). 2.
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0E16C1FFA5BB35FABDF9EEFF2BF9D3" class="Insecta" family="Lonchaeidae" genus="Fulgenta" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="203" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="excisa" status="sp. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97AB150FFA5BB35FABDF9EEFF2BF9D3" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="203">Fulgenta excisa</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<emphasis id="B97AB150FFA5BB35FF20F9C9FED1F9D2" bold="true" box="[220,300,1579,1600]" pageId="2" pageNumber="203">
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A2490C2BFFA5BB35FF20F9C9FED1F9D2" box="[220,300,1579,1600]" pageId="2" pageNumber="203" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
3.
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0E16C1FFA5BB35FEB1F9C9FCFDF9D3" authority="Walker, 1849" authorityName="Walker" authorityYear="1849" box="[333,768,1579,1601]" class="Insecta" family="Lonchaeidae" genus="Lamprolonchaea" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="203" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="smaragdi">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97AB150FFA5BB35FEB1F9C9FDA3F9D3" box="[333,606,1579,1601]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="203">Lamprolonchaea smaragdi</emphasis>
|
||
(Walker, 1849)
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C3143EC9FFA5BB35FF3BF98AFD01F8CA" pageId="2" pageNumber="203" type="distribution">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BB16D42FFA5BB35FF3BF98AFED1F97F" blockId="2.[151,1437,1640,2025]" pageId="2" pageNumber="203">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97AB150FFA5BB35FF3BF98AFE09F913" bold="true" box="[199,500,1640,1665]" pageId="2" pageNumber="203">Distribution and habitat.</emphasis>
|
||
Afrotropical, 15 species currently known from
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F3192DD2FFA5BB35FBEEF98AFB59F913" box="[1042,1188,1640,1665]" name="South Africa" pageId="2" pageNumber="203">
|
||
<collectingRegion id="49CAA3A0FFA5BB35FBEEF98AFBA9F913" box="[1042,1108,1640,1665]" country="Tanzania" name="Kusini Unguja" pageId="2" pageNumber="203">South</collectingRegion>
|
||
Africa
|
||
</collectingCountry>
|
||
north to
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F3192DD2FFA5BB35FAF1F98AFA91F913" box="[1293,1388,1640,1665]" name="Ethiopia" pageId="2" pageNumber="203">Ethiopia</collectingCountry>
|
||
and from
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F3192DD2FFA5BB35FF28F96EFED5F937" box="[212,296,1676,1701]" name="Nigeria" pageId="2" pageNumber="203">Nigeria</collectingCountry>
|
||
in the west to
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F3192DD2FFA5BB35FE32F96FFDEAF937" box="[462,535,1677,1701]" name="Kenya" pageId="2" pageNumber="203">Kenya</collectingCountry>
|
||
in the east. Based on the details recorded on the data labels it would appear that adults are found in habitats such as secondary woodland and lowland evergreen primary forest and at altitudes of up to
|
||
<quantity id="4CF6C0A7FFA5BB35FF2BF937FEDAF97F" box="[215,295,1749,1773]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.2" pageId="2" pageNumber="203" unit="m" value="1200.0">1200m</quantity>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BB16D42FFA5BB35FF3BF91AFD01F8CA" blockId="2.[151,1437,1640,2025]" pageId="2" pageNumber="203">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97AB150FFA5BB35FF3BF91AFE8DF883" bold="true" box="[199,368,1784,1809]" pageId="2" pageNumber="203">Relationships.</emphasis>
|
||
Although adult
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0E16C1FFA5BB35FDD2F91AFD6EF883" box="[558,659,1784,1809]" class="Insecta" family="Lonchaeidae" genus="Fulgenta" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="205" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus" status="gen. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97AB150FFA5BB35FDD2F91AFD6EF883" box="[558,659,1784,1809]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="203">Fulgenta</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
are externally very similar to
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0E16C1FFA5BB35FC08F91AFB4FF883" box="[1012,1202,1784,1809]" class="Insecta" family="Lonchaeidae" genus="Lamprolonchaea" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="203" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97AB150FFA5BB35FC08F91AFB4FF883" box="[1012,1202,1784,1809]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="203">Lamprolonchaea</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
in body colouration and chaetotaxy the position and detailed taxonomy of the male genitalia indicate that this is a distinct genus within the
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0E16C1FFA5BB35FF3CF8A3FEC0F8CA" box="[192,317,1857,1880]" class="Insecta" family="Lonchaeidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="203" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="tribe" tribe="Earomyiini">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97AB150FFA5BB35FF3CF8A3FEC0F8CA" box="[192,317,1857,1880]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="203">Earomyiini</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
. Key features in defining the genus are;
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C3143EC9FFA5BB33FF3BF887FDE6FB56" lastPageId="4" lastPageNumber="205" pageId="2" pageNumber="203" type="description">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BB16D42FFA5BB35FF3BF887FEB3F87B" blockId="2.[151,1437,1640,2025]" pageId="2" pageNumber="203">
|
||
In
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0E16C1FFA5BB35FF16F886FEB2F8EF" box="[234,335,1892,1917]" class="Insecta" family="Lonchaeidae" genus="Fulgenta" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="205" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus" status="gen. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97AB150FFA5BB35FF16F886FEB2F8EF" box="[234,335,1892,1917]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="203">Fulgenta</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
the male terminalia are orientated with the posterior margin in a ventral position within the abdomen (
|
||
<figureCitation id="133571C7FFA5BB35FEF2F86AFEA9F833" box="[270,340,1928,1953]" captionStart="FIGURES 2 – 3" captionStartId="2.[151,264,1548,1571]" captionTargetBox="[265,1230,165,1496]" captionTargetId="figure@2.[264,1323,165,1496]" captionTargetPageId="2" captionText="FIGURES 2 – 3. Ventral view of abdomen showing the orientation of the male terminalia (sternites removed). 2. Fulgenta excisa sp. nov. 3. Lamprolonchaea smaragdi (Walker, 1849)." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/231765/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="203">Fig. 2</figureCitation>
|
||
). This is a situation similar to that found in the basal genus
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0E16C1FFA5BB35FC05F86BFBA8F832" box="[1017,1109,1929,1952]" class="Insecta" family="Lonchaeidae" genus="Dasiops" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="203" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97AB150FFA5BB35FC05F86BFBA8F832" box="[1017,1109,1929,1952]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="203">Dasiops</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
rather than in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0E16C1FFA5BB35FB00F86BFA68F832" box="[1276,1429,1929,1952]" class="Insecta" family="Lonchaeidae" genus="Protearomyia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="203" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97AB150FFA5BB35FB00F86BFA68F832" box="[1276,1429,1929,1952]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="203">Protearomyia</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0E16C1FFA5BB35FF6BF84EFEA8F857" box="[151,341,1964,1989]" class="Insecta" family="Lonchaeidae" genus="Lamprolonchaea" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="203" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97AB150FFA5BB35FF6BF84EFEA8F857" box="[151,341,1964,1989]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="203">Lamprolonchaea</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0E16C1FFA5BB35FE9AF84FFE2EF856" box="[358,467,1965,1988]" class="Insecta" family="Lonchaeidae" genus="Earomyia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="203" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97AB150FFA5BB35FE9AF84FFE2EF856" box="[358,467,1965,1988]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="203">Earomyia</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and genera within the
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0E16C1FFA5BB35FD18F84EFC9FF857" box="[740,866,1964,1989]" class="Insecta" family="Lonchaeidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="203" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="tribe" tribe="Lonchaeini">Lonchaeini</taxonomicName>
|
||
where the epandrium has its ventral margin in a ventral position.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<caption id="DF713DCAFFA4BB34FF6BF8E7FD1BF8EA" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/231766/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="204" targetBox="[321,1224,249,1774]" targetPageId="3">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BB16D42FFA4BB34FF6BF8E7FD1BF8EA" blockId="3.[151,1436,1797,1912]" pageId="3" pageNumber="204">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97AB150FFA4BB34FF6BF8E7FEC6F889" bold="true" box="[151,315,1797,1820]" pageId="3" pageNumber="204">FIGURES 4–5.</emphasis>
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0E16C1FFA4BB34FEBEF8E4FE63F88E" box="[322,414,1798,1820]" class="Insecta" family="Lonchaeidae" genus="Fulgenta" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="205" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus" status="gen. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97AB150FFA4BB34FEBEF8E4FE63F88E" box="[322,414,1798,1820]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="204">Fulgenta</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
species, male terminalia. 4.
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0E16C1FFA4BB34FD3EF8E5FCE6F88E" box="[706,795,1799,1820]" class="Insecta" family="Lonchaeidae" genus="Fulgenta" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="204" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="excisa" status="sp. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97AB150FFA4BB34FD3EF8E5FCE6F88E" box="[706,795,1799,1820]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="204">F. excisa</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<emphasis id="B97AB150FFA4BB34FCDEF8E5FC8EF88E" bold="true" box="[802,883,1799,1820]" pageId="3" pageNumber="204">
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A2490C2BFFA4BB34FCDEF8E5FC8EF88E" box="[802,883,1799,1820]" pageId="3" pageNumber="204" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
lateral view with half of epandrium removed to show medial structures. 5.
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0E16C1FFA4BB34FE8EF8C4FE25F8A9" box="[370,472,1830,1851]" class="Insecta" family="Lonchaeidae" genus="Fulgenta" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="204" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="saegeri" status="sp. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97AB150FFA4BB34FE8EF8C4FE25F8A9" box="[370,472,1830,1851]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="204">F. saegeri</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<emphasis id="B97AB150FFA4BB34FE1CF8C7FDCFF8A8" bold="true" box="[480,562,1829,1850]" pageId="3" pageNumber="204">
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A2490C2BFFA4BB34FE1CF8C7FDCFF8A8" box="[480,562,1829,1850]" pageId="3" pageNumber="204" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
, male terminalia, posterior view. Abbreviations: C = Cerci, Ep = epandrium, HA = hypandrial apodeme, Hypand = hypandrium, Ilobe = medial lobe of epandrium, Ph = phallus, Preg = pregonite, Pgt = postgonite, Sur = Surstylus, t9 = tergite 9. t10 = tergite 10.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BB16D42FFA4BB33FF3BF846FBFDFED2" blockId="3.[151,1436,1956,2018]" lastBlockId="4.[151,1437,151,1221]" lastPageId="4" lastPageNumber="205" pageId="3" pageNumber="204">
|
||
The male genitalia are also distinctly flattened in the posterior-anterior plane; this is evident not only in the shape of the epandrium but also in the alignment of the hypandrium and hypandrial apodeme. In
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0E16C1FFA4BB34FAF6F82BFA92F870" box="[1290,1391,1993,2018]" class="Insecta" family="Lonchaeidae" genus="Fulgenta" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="205" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus" status="gen. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97AB150FFA4BB34FAF6F82BFA92F870" box="[1290,1391,1993,2018]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="204">Fulgenta</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
the hypandrium articulates basally with the area on the medial surface of the epandrium located just dorsal of the surstyli, it then extends anteriorly for almost half its length, mostly within the epandrium, before extending ventrally out beyond the shell of the epandrium, the hypandrial apodeme continues in this plane (
|
||
<figureCitation id="133571C7FFA3BB33FB16FF3DFA93FF6A" box="[1258,1390,223,248]" captionStart="FIGURES 4 – 5" captionStartId="3.[151,264,1797,1820]" captionTargetBox="[321,1224,249,1774]" captionTargetId="figure@3.[250,1337,193,1777]" captionTargetPageId="3" captionText="FIGURES 4 – 5. Fulgenta species, male terminalia. 4. F. excisa sp. nov. lateral view with half of epandrium removed to show medial structures. 5. F. saegeri sp. nov., male terminalia, posterior view. Abbreviations: C = Cerci, Ep = epandrium, HA = hypandrial apodeme, Hypand = hypandrium, Ilobe = medial lobe of epandrium, Ph = phallus, Preg = pregonite, Pgt = postgonite, Sur = Surstylus, t 9 = tergite 9. t 10 = tergite 10." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/231766/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="205">Figs. 4 & 5</figureCitation>
|
||
). In general in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0E16C1FFA3BB33FEF3FEE6FE30FE8F" box="[271,461,260,285]" class="Insecta" family="Lonchaeidae" genus="Lamprolonchaea" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="205" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97AB150FFA3BB33FEF3FEE6FE30FE8F" box="[271,461,260,285]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="205">Lamprolonchaea</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
species such as
|
||
<emphasis id="B97AB150FFA3BB33FD76FEE7FD5CFE8E" box="[650,673,261,284]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="205">L.</emphasis>
|
||
s
|
||
<emphasis id="B97AB150FFA3BB33FD48FEE6FCEEFE8F" box="[692,787,260,285]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="205">maragdi</emphasis>
|
||
the hypandrium extends posteriorly from the shell of the epandrium with the hypandrial apodeme being articulated at an angle (
|
||
<figureCitation id="133571C7FFA3BB33FC52FEC5FC0FFED2" box="[942,1010,295,320]" captionStart="FIGURES 2 – 3" captionStartId="2.[151,264,1548,1571]" captionTargetBox="[265,1230,165,1496]" captionTargetId="figure@2.[264,1323,165,1496]" captionTargetPageId="2" captionText="FIGURES 2 – 3. Ventral view of abdomen showing the orientation of the male terminalia (sternites removed). 2. Fulgenta excisa sp. nov. 3. Lamprolonchaea smaragdi (Walker, 1849)." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/231765/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="205">Fig. 3</figureCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BB16D42FFA3BB33FF3BFEAEFC2AFE42" blockId="4.[151,1437,151,1221]" pageId="4" pageNumber="205">
|
||
<materialsCitation id="3B66671FFFA3BB33FF3BFEAEFC2AFE42" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="1423743122" location="Sur" pageId="4" pageNumber="205" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Sur">
|
||
The surstyli in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0E16C1FFA3BB33FE92FEAEFE29FEF7" box="[366,468,332,357]" class="Insecta" family="Lonchaeidae" genus="Fulgenta" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="205" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus" status="gen. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97AB150FFA3BB33FE92FEAEFE29FEF7" box="[366,468,332,357]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="205">Fulgenta</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
are notably poorly developed (
|
||
<figureCitation id="133571C7FFA3BB33FCCCFEAEFC89FEF6" box="[816,884,332,357]" captionStart="FIGURES 4 – 5" captionStartId="3.[151,264,1797,1820]" captionTargetBox="[321,1224,249,1774]" captionTargetId="figure@3.[250,1337,193,1777]" captionTargetPageId="3" captionText="FIGURES 4 – 5. Fulgenta species, male terminalia. 4. F. excisa sp. nov. lateral view with half of epandrium removed to show medial structures. 5. F. saegeri sp. nov., male terminalia, posterior view. Abbreviations: C = Cerci, Ep = epandrium, HA = hypandrial apodeme, Hypand = hypandrium, Ilobe = medial lobe of epandrium, Ph = phallus, Preg = pregonite, Pgt = postgonite, Sur = Surstylus, t 9 = tergite 9. t 10 = tergite 10." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/231766/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="205">Fig. 4</figureCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectingRegion id="49CAA3A0FFA3BB33FC83FEAEFC5AFEF6" box="[895,935,332,356]" country="Tanzania" name="Kusini Unguja" pageId="4" pageNumber="205">Sur</collectingRegion>
|
||
) when compared to the larger more laminate structures found in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0E16C1FFA3BB33FE80FE93FE14FE1A" box="[380,489,369,392]" class="Insecta" family="Lonchaeidae" genus="Earomyia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="205" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97AB150FFA3BB33FE80FE93FE14FE1A" box="[380,489,369,392]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="205">Earomyia</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0E16C1FFA3BB33FDD4FE8DFD1BFE1A" box="[552,742,367,392]" class="Insecta" family="Lonchaeidae" genus="Lamprolonchaea" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="205" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97AB150FFA3BB33FDD4FE8DFD1BFE1A" box="[552,742,367,392]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="205">Lamprolonchaea</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
. This may well represent a derived condition linked to the flattening of the epandrium. In what are considered the basal genera of the family
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0E16C1FFA3BB33FBB4FE77FB59FE3E" box="[1096,1188,405,428]" class="Insecta" family="Lonchaeidae" genus="Dasiops" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="205" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97AB150FFA3BB33FBB4FE77FB59FE3E" box="[1096,1188,405,428]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="205">Dasiops</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0E16C1FFA3BB33FB4FFE76FA96FE3F" box="[1203,1387,404,429]" class="Insecta" family="Lonchaeidae" genus="Chaetolonchaea" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="205" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97AB150FFA3BB33FB4FFE76FA96FE3F" box="[1203,1387,404,429]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="205">Chaetolonchaea</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0E16C1FFA3BB33FF6BFE5BFECCFE42" box="[151,305,441,464]" class="Insecta" family="Lonchaeidae" genus="Protearomyia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="205" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97AB150FFA3BB33FF6BFE5BFECCFE42" box="[151,305,441,464]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="205">Protearomyia</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
the surstyli are well developed and usually bear prensisetae.
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BB16D42FFA3BB33FF3BFE3EFDB1FD17" blockId="4.[151,1437,151,1221]" pageId="4" pageNumber="205">
|
||
<materialsCitation id="3B66671FFFA3BB33FF3BFE3EFDB1FD17" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="1423743126" location="A" pageId="4" pageNumber="205" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="A">
|
||
<collectingRegion id="49CAA3A0FFA3BB33FF3BFE3EFF26FE66" box="[199,219,476,500]" country="Nigeria" name="Rivers" pageId="4" pageNumber="205">A</collectingRegion>
|
||
further almost unique feature in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0E16C1FFA3BB33FDB6FE3EFD4DFE67" box="[586,688,476,501]" class="Insecta" family="Lonchaeidae" genus="Fulgenta" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="205" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus" status="gen. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97AB150FFA3BB33FDB6FE3EFD4DFE67" box="[586,688,476,501]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="205">Fulgenta</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
is evident in the structure of the epandrium where the 9th and 10th tergites, although fused are evident as separate, well-developed entities, the shapes of the two sclerites and the suture between them being visible (
|
||
<figureCitation id="133571C7FFA3BB33FDDBFDC6FD91FDAE" box="[551,620,548,573]" captionStart="FIGURES 4 – 5" captionStartId="3.[151,264,1797,1820]" captionTargetBox="[321,1224,249,1774]" captionTargetId="figure@3.[250,1337,193,1777]" captionTargetPageId="3" captionText="FIGURES 4 – 5. Fulgenta species, male terminalia. 4. F. excisa sp. nov. lateral view with half of epandrium removed to show medial structures. 5. F. saegeri sp. nov., male terminalia, posterior view. Abbreviations: C = Cerci, Ep = epandrium, HA = hypandrial apodeme, Hypand = hypandrium, Ilobe = medial lobe of epandrium, Ph = phallus, Preg = pregonite, Pgt = postgonite, Sur = Surstylus, t 9 = tergite 9. t 10 = tergite 10." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/231766/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="205">Fig. 4</figureCitation>
|
||
, t9 & t10). Although this development of t9 has been noted in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0E16C1FFA3BB33FAD2FDC7FE52FDF2" authority="Meigen, 1826" authorityName="Meigen" authorityYear="1826" class="Insecta" family="Lonchaeidae" genus="Earomyia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="205" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="viridana">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97AB150FFA3BB33FAD2FDC7FF0BFDF2" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="205">Earomyia viridana</emphasis>
|
||
(Meigen, 1826)
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, it is otherwise almost unknown within the
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0E16C1FFA3BB33FC61FDA5FBD1FDF2" box="[925,1068,583,608]" class="Insecta" family="Lonchaeidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="205" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="family">Lonchaeidae</taxonomicName>
|
||
where in almost all species t9 is very narrow (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EF9F10B3FFA3BB33FED1FD8EFDBDFD17" author="McAlpine" box="[301,576,620,645]" pageId="4" pageNumber="205" refString="McAlpine, J. F. (1962) The evolution of the Lonchaeidae (Diptera). Ph. D. Thesis, University of Illinois. University Microfilms, Ann Arbor, Michigan, U. S. A. 233 pp." type="book" year="1962">McAlpine 1962: 36,191</bibRefCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BB16D42FFA3BB33FF3BFD6DFC0EFC37" blockId="4.[151,1437,151,1221]" pageId="4" pageNumber="205">
|
||
Within
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0E16C1FFA3BB33FEE0FD6DFE7CFD3A" box="[284,385,655,680]" class="Insecta" family="Lonchaeidae" genus="Fulgenta" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="205" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus" status="gen. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97AB150FFA3BB33FEE0FD6DFE7CFD3A" box="[284,385,655,680]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="205">Fulgenta</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
there is a range of variation in the development of the cerci and surstyli. Species such as
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0E16C1FFA3BB33FA7BFD73FEFEFD5F" class="Insecta" family="Lonchaeidae" genus="Fulgenta" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="205" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="complexa">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97AB150FFA3BB33FA7BFD73FEFEFD5F" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="205">F. complexa</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
have relatively small cerci and relatively well developed setulose surstyli. (
|
||
<figureCitation id="133571C7FFA3BB33FB96FD56FB0FFD5F" box="[1130,1266,692,717]" captionStart="FIGURES 14 – 18" captionStartId="9.[151,264,1336,1359]" captionTargetBox="[280,1264,203,1282]" captionTargetId="figure@9.[259,1327,169,1314]" captionTargetPageId="9" captionText="FIGURES 14 – 18. Fulgenta complexa sp. nov. 14. Epandrium and associated structures, posterior view. 15. Same, lateral view. 16. Epandrium, internal view showing surstylus and associated structures. 17. Phallus, lateral view. 18. Same, ventral view." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/231769/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="205">Figs. 14–16</figureCitation>
|
||
) whereas in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0E16C1FFA3BB33FA7BFD57FF0DFD62" class="Insecta" family="Lonchaeidae" genus="Fulgenta" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="205" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="apicalis">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97AB150FFA3BB33FA7BFD57FF0DFD62" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="205">F. apicalis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
the cerci are very large, long and laminate and the surstyli are reduced to simple rods bearing only a few long setulae (
|
||
<figureCitation id="133571C7FFA3BB33FECDFD1EFE5DFC87" box="[305,416,764,789]" captionStart="FIGURES 6 – 9" captionStartId="6.[151,264,1368,1391]" captionTargetBox="[228,1342,320,1324]" captionTargetId="figure@6.[186,1400,269,1351]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="FIGURES 6 – 9. Fulgenta apicalis sp. nov. 6. Epandrium and associated structures, posterior view. 7. Same, lateral view. 8. Epandrium, internal view, showing surstylus and associated structures. 9. Phallus, lateral view." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/231767/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="205">Figs. 6–8</figureCitation>
|
||
). The latter is presumed to be the more derived condition. The surstyli normally play an important part in gripping the female during copulation, with the surstyli being greatly reduced in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0E16C1FFA3BB33FAE0FCFDFA7CFCAA" box="[1308,1409,799,824]" class="Insecta" family="Lonchaeidae" genus="Fulgenta" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="205" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus" status="gen. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97AB150FFA3BB33FAE0FCFDFA7CFCAA" box="[1308,1409,799,824]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="205">Fulgenta</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
it would appear that this gripping function is performed by the large laminate cerci acting against the posterior surface of the epandrium, this would explain why the posterior margin of the epandrium is rounded often with an expanded medial lobe which in some species bears numerous small spicules.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BB16D42FFA3BB33FF3BFC4DFDFEFBA7" blockId="4.[151,1437,151,1221]" pageId="4" pageNumber="205">
|
||
The exact placing of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0E16C1FFA3BB33FE4FFC4DFDE5FC5A" box="[435,536,943,968]" class="Insecta" family="Lonchaeidae" genus="Fulgenta" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="205" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus" status="gen. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97AB150FFA3BB33FE4FFC4DFDE5FC5A" box="[435,536,943,968]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="205">Fulgenta</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
within the
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0E16C1FFA3BB33FD6BFC53FCE9FC5A" box="[663,788,945,968]" class="Insecta" family="Lonchaeidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="205" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="tribe" tribe="Earomyiini">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97AB150FFA3BB33FD6BFC53FCE9FC5A" box="[663,788,945,968]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="205">Earomyiini</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
is not entirely clear at present, the orientation of the male terminalia and the broad t
|
||
<date id="FFB04B82FFA3BB33FE4AFC36FE07FC7F" box="[438,506,980,1005]" pageId="4" pageNumber="205">9 may</date>
|
||
be regarded as more basal features whilst the reduction of the surstyli and the large cerci may be seen as being more derived. DNA analysis will be required to confirm the relation between
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0E16C1FFA3BB33FACBFC15FA61FB82" box="[1335,1436,1015,1040]" class="Insecta" family="Lonchaeidae" genus="Fulgenta" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="205" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus" status="gen. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97AB150FFA3BB33FACBFC15FA61FB82" box="[1335,1436,1015,1040]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="205">Fulgenta</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and the other genera in the tribe.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BB16D42FFA3BB33FF3BFBA2FDE6FB56" blockId="4.[151,1437,151,1221]" pageId="4" pageNumber="205">
|
||
As a result of the findings in this paper the genus
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0E16C1FFA3BB33FCF5FBDDFBE5FBCA" authority="Bezzi" authorityName="Bezzi" box="[777,1048,1087,1112]" class="Insecta" family="Lonchaeidae" genus="Lamprolonchaea" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="205" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97AB150FFA3BB33FCF5FBDDFC33FBCA" box="[777,974,1087,1112]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="205">Lamprolonchaea,</emphasis>
|
||
Bezzi
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
now contains 18 species with the greatest species diversity being found in the Australasian-Oceania region. The genus still contains Afrotropical representatives with one described species
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0E16C1FFA3BB33FD5EFB6BFCCCFB32" box="[674,817,1159,1184]" class="Insecta" family="Lonchaeidae" genus="Lamprolonchaea" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="205" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="smaradgi">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97AB150FFA3BB33FD5EFB6BFCCCFB32" box="[674,817,1159,1184]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="205">L. smaradgi</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
being widely distributed and at least another two undescribed species being present.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |