210 lines
24 KiB
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210 lines
24 KiB
XML
<document ID-DOI="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1029.60911" ID-GBIF-Dataset="0ee12a7b-2f44-40aa-9dc4-5fdb7bc23295" ID-PMC="PMC8050019" ID-Pensoft-Pub="1313-2970-1029-123" ID-Pensoft-UUID="B641913D55FF5140BCF07BA2FE978DD6" ID-PubMed="33935552" ID-ZooBank="3E2BFD5E80D04BAD9FB34414FA62A2C5" ModsDocID="1313-2970-1029-123" checkinTime="1617901753243" checkinUser="pensoft" docAuthor="Xiao, Hui, Zhang, Rui & Gao, Mengqing" docDate="2021" docId="CA570D0EB3C55B1FA07FA62FF3A7843F" docLanguage="en" docName="ZooKeys 1029: 123-137" docOrigin="ZooKeys 1029" docPubDate="2021-04-08" docSource="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1029.60911" docTitle="Sycophila Walker 1871" docType="treatment" docVersion="4" id="B641913D55FF5140BCF07BA2FE978DD6" lastPageNumber="123" masterDocId="B641913D55FF5140BCF07BA2FE978DD6" masterDocTitle="Three new species of the genus Sycophila (Hymenoptera, Chalcidoidea, Eurytomidae) from China" masterLastPageNumber="137" masterPageNumber="123" pageNumber="123" updateTime="1668150057881" updateUser="ExternalLinkService">
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<mods:mods xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
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<mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:title>Three new species of the genus Sycophila (Hymenoptera, Chalcidoidea, Eurytomidae) from China</mods:title>
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</mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart>Xiao, Hui</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation>Key Laboratory of Zoological Systematics and Evolution, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100101, China</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:nameIdentifier type="email">xiaoh@ioz.ac.cn</mods:nameIdentifier>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart>Zhang, Rui</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation>Key Laboratory of Zoological Systematics and Evolution, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100101, China & Graduate School of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China</mods:affiliation>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart>Gao, Mengqing</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation>Key Laboratory of Zoological Systematics and Evolution, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100101, China & Provincial Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Important Biological Resource in Anhui, College of Life Sciences, Anhui Normal University, Wuhu, 241000, China</mods:affiliation>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:typeOfResource>text</mods:typeOfResource>
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<mods:relatedItem type="host">
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<mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:title>ZooKeys</mods:title>
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</mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:part>
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<mods:date>2021</mods:date>
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<mods:detail type="pubDate">
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<mods:number>2021-04-08</mods:number>
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</mods:detail>
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<mods:detail type="volume">
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<mods:number>1029</mods:number>
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</mods:detail>
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<mods:extent unit="page">
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<mods:start>123</mods:start>
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<mods:end>137</mods:end>
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</mods:part>
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</mods:relatedItem>
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<mods:location>
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<mods:url>http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1029.60911</mods:url>
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</mods:location>
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<mods:classification>journal article</mods:classification>
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<mods:identifier type="DOI">http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1029.60911</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier type="Pensoft-Pub">1313-2970-1029-123</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier type="ZooBank">3E2BFD5E80D04BAD9FB34414FA62A2C5</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier type="Pensoft-UUID">B641913D55FF5140BCF07BA2FE978DD6</mods:identifier>
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</mods:mods>
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<treatment ID-GBIF-Taxon="180881626" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:CA570D0EB3C55B1FA07FA62FF3A7843F" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/CA570D0EB3C55B1FA07FA62FF3A7843F" lastPageNumber="123" pageId="0" pageNumber="123">
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<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="123" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="123">
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<taxonomicName LSID="CA570D0E-B3C5-5B1F-A07F-A62FF3A7843F" authority="Walker, 1871" authorityName="Walker" authorityYear="1871" class="Insecta" family="Eurytomidae" genus="Sycophila" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Sycophila" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="123" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Sycophila Walker, 1871</taxonomicName>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="123" type="reference_group">
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="123">
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<taxonomicName authorityName="Walker" authorityYear="1871" class="Insecta" family="Eurytomidae" genus="Sycophila" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Sycophila" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="123" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Sycophila</taxonomicName>
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Walker, 1871: 63. Type species:
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<taxonomicName authorityName="Walker" authorityYear="1871" class="Insecta" family="Eurytomidae" genus="Sycophila" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Sycophila decatomoides" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="123" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="decatomoides">Sycophila decatomoides</taxonomicName>
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Walker, designated by
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<bibRefCitation DOI="https://doi.org/10.5962/bhl.title.10341" author="Ashmead, WH" journalOrPublisher="Memoirs of the Carnegie Museum" pageId="0" pageNumber="123" pagination="225 - 551" refId="B4" refString="Ashmead, WH, 1904. Classification of the chalcid flies of the superfamily Chalcidoidea, with descriptions of new species in the Carnegie Museum, collected in South America by Herbert H. Smith. Memoirs of the Carnegie Museum 1 (4): 225 - 551, DOI: https://doi.org/10.5962/bhl.title.10341" title="Classification of the chalcid flies of the superfamily Chalcidoidea, with descriptions of new species in the Carnegie Museum, collected in South America by Herbert H. Smith." url="https://doi.org/10.5962/bhl.title.10341" volume="1" year="1904">Ashmead 1904</bibRefCitation>
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;
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<bibRefCitation author="Boucek, Z" journalOrPublisher="Redia" pageId="0" pageNumber="123" pagination="241 - 285" refId="B7" refString="Boucek, Z, 1974. On the Chalcidoidea (Hymenoptera) described by C. Rondani. Redia 55: 241 - 285" title="On the Chalcidoidea (Hymenoptera) described by C. Rondani." volume="55" year="1974">
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<normalizedToken originalValue="Bouček">Boucek</normalizedToken>
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1974
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</bibRefCitation>
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: 267-268;
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<bibRefCitation author="Boucek, Z" journalOrPublisher=", Aberystwyth, Wales" pageId="0" pageNumber="123" refId="B8" refString="Boucek, Z, 1988. Australian Chalcidoidea (Hymenoptera): A Biosystematic Revision of Genera and Fourteen Families, with a Reclassification of Species (Fig. wasp section). CAB International, Wallingford, Oxon, U.K., Cambrian News Ltd., Aberystwyth, Wales" title="Australian Chalcidoidea (Hymenoptera): A Biosystematic Revision of Genera and Fourteen Families, with a Reclassification of Species (Fig. wasp section). CAB International, Wallingford, Oxon, U. K., Cambrian News Ltd." year="1988">
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<normalizedToken originalValue="Bouček">Boucek</normalizedToken>
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1988
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</bibRefCitation>
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: 96-97;
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<bibRefCitation author="Narendran, TC" journalOrPublisher="Journal of Beijing Forestry University" pageId="0" pageNumber="123" refId="B16" refString="Narendran, TC, 1994. Torymidae and Eurytomidae of Indian subcontinent (Hymenoptera: Chalcidoidea) Zoological Monograph, Department of Zoology, University of Calicut, Kerala, 500 pp." title="Torymidae and Eurytomidae of Indian subcontinent (Hymenoptera: Chalcidoidea) Zoological Monograph, Department of Zoology, University of Calicut, Kerala, 500 pp." year="1994">Narendran 1994</bibRefCitation>
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: 156-170.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="123">
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<taxonomicName authorityName="Rondani" authorityYear="1872" class="Insecta" family="Eurytomidae" genus="Tineomyza" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Tineomyza" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="123" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Tineomyza</taxonomicName>
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Rondani, 1872: 205. Type species:
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<taxonomicName authorityName="Rondani" authorityYear="1872" class="Insecta" family="Eurytomidae" genus="Tineomyza" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Tineomyza pistacina" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="123" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="pistacina">Tineomyza pistacina</taxonomicName>
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Rondani. Synonymized by
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<bibRefCitation author="Boucek, Z" journalOrPublisher="Redia" pageId="0" pageNumber="123" pagination="241 - 285" refId="B7" refString="Boucek, Z, 1974. On the Chalcidoidea (Hymenoptera) described by C. Rondani. Redia 55: 241 - 285" title="On the Chalcidoidea (Hymenoptera) described by C. Rondani." volume="55" year="1974">
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<normalizedToken originalValue="Bouček">Boucek</normalizedToken>
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1974
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</bibRefCitation>
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: 267-268.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="123">
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<taxonomicName authorityName="Walker" authorityYear="1875" class="Insecta" family="Eurytomidae" genus="Pseudisa" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Pseudisa" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="123" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Pseudisa</taxonomicName>
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Walker, 1875: 15. Type species:
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<taxonomicName authorityName="Walker" authorityYear="1875" class="Insecta" family="Eurytomidae" genus="Pseudisa" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Pseudisa smicroides" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="123" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="smicroides">Pseudisa smicroides</taxonomicName>
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Walker. Synonymized by
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<bibRefCitation author="Boucek, Z" journalOrPublisher=", Aberystwyth, Wales" pageId="0" pageNumber="123" refId="B8" refString="Boucek, Z, 1988. Australian Chalcidoidea (Hymenoptera): A Biosystematic Revision of Genera and Fourteen Families, with a Reclassification of Species (Fig. wasp section). CAB International, Wallingford, Oxon, U.K., Cambrian News Ltd., Aberystwyth, Wales" title="Australian Chalcidoidea (Hymenoptera): A Biosystematic Revision of Genera and Fourteen Families, with a Reclassification of Species (Fig. wasp section). CAB International, Wallingford, Oxon, U. K., Cambrian News Ltd." year="1988">
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<normalizedToken originalValue="Bouček">Boucek</normalizedToken>
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1988
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</bibRefCitation>
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: 96.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="123">
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<taxonomicName authorityName="Walker" authorityYear="1875" class="Insecta" family="Eurytomidae" genus="Isanisa" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Isanisa" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="123" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Isanisa</taxonomicName>
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Walker, 1875: 16. Type species:
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<taxonomicName baseAuthorityName="Walker" baseAuthorityYear="1871" class="Insecta" family="Eurytomidae" genus="Isanisa" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Isanisa decatomoides" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="123" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="decatomoides">Isanisa decatomoides</taxonomicName>
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Walker. Synonymized by
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<bibRefCitation author="Boucek, Z" journalOrPublisher=", Aberystwyth, Wales" pageId="0" pageNumber="123" refId="B8" refString="Boucek, Z, 1988. Australian Chalcidoidea (Hymenoptera): A Biosystematic Revision of Genera and Fourteen Families, with a Reclassification of Species (Fig. wasp section). CAB International, Wallingford, Oxon, U.K., Cambrian News Ltd., Aberystwyth, Wales" title="Australian Chalcidoidea (Hymenoptera): A Biosystematic Revision of Genera and Fourteen Families, with a Reclassification of Species (Fig. wasp section). CAB International, Wallingford, Oxon, U. K., Cambrian News Ltd." year="1988">
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<normalizedToken originalValue="Bouček">Boucek</normalizedToken>
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1988
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</bibRefCitation>
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: 96.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="123">
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<taxonomicName authorityName="Ashmead" authorityYear="1888" class="Insecta" family="Eurytomidae" genus="Decatomidea" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Decatomidea" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="123" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Decatomidea</taxonomicName>
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Ashmead, 1888: 42. Type species:
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<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Eurytomidae" genus="Decatomidea" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Decatomidea xanthochroa" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="123" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="xanthochroa">Decatomidea xanthochroa</taxonomicName>
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Ashmead. Synonymized by
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<bibRefCitation author="Boucek, Z" journalOrPublisher=", Aberystwyth, Wales" pageId="0" pageNumber="123" refId="B8" refString="Boucek, Z, 1988. Australian Chalcidoidea (Hymenoptera): A Biosystematic Revision of Genera and Fourteen Families, with a Reclassification of Species (Fig. wasp section). CAB International, Wallingford, Oxon, U.K., Cambrian News Ltd., Aberystwyth, Wales" title="Australian Chalcidoidea (Hymenoptera): A Biosystematic Revision of Genera and Fourteen Families, with a Reclassification of Species (Fig. wasp section). CAB International, Wallingford, Oxon, U. K., Cambrian News Ltd." year="1988">
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<normalizedToken originalValue="Bouček">Boucek</normalizedToken>
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1988
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</bibRefCitation>
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: 96.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="123">
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<taxonomicName authorityName="Ashmead" authorityYear="1888" class="Insecta" family="Eurytomidae" genus="Eudecatoma" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Eudecatoma" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="123" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Eudecatoma</taxonomicName>
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Ashmead, 1888: 42. Type species:
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<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Eurytomidae" genus="Decatoma" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Decatoma batotoides" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="123" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="batotoides">Decatoma batotoides</taxonomicName>
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Ashmead, designated by
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<bibRefCitation author="Ashmead, WH" journalOrPublisher="Journal of the Linnean Society (Zoology)" pageId="0" pageNumber="123" pagination="108 - 188" refId="B3" refString="Ashmead, WH, 1894. Report on the parasitic Cynipidae, part of the Braconidae, the Ichneumonidae, the Proctotrupidae, and part of the Chalcididae. Part II. Journal of the Linnean Society (Zoology) 25: 108 - 188" title="Report on the parasitic Cynipidae, part of the Braconidae, the Ichneumonidae, the Proctotrupidae, and part of the Chalcididae. Part II." volume="25" year="1894">Ashmead 1894</bibRefCitation>
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. Synonymized by
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<bibRefCitation author="Boucek, Z" journalOrPublisher="Redia" pageId="0" pageNumber="123" pagination="241 - 285" refId="B7" refString="Boucek, Z, 1974. On the Chalcidoidea (Hymenoptera) described by C. Rondani. Redia 55: 241 - 285" title="On the Chalcidoidea (Hymenoptera) described by C. Rondani." volume="55" year="1974">
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<normalizedToken originalValue="Bouček">Boucek</normalizedToken>
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1974
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</bibRefCitation>
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: 267-268.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="123" type="diagnosis">
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="123">Diagnosis.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="123">Body yellowish or brownish, occasionally black. Head wider than mesosoma, lower margin of clypeus bilobed. Antennal insertion slightly above or on lower ocular line, antennal formula 11153 in female, 11143 in male. Prothorax with pronotum rectangular, almost as long as mesoscutum; mesothorax dorsally convex, notauli deep and complete, scutellum convex; propodeum with an inverted V-shaped basal submedian carina. Fore wing with marginal vein broadened, mostly with dark brown maculae below marginal vein; postmarginal vein slightly shorter than marginal vein. Hind femur distinctly thickened. Petiole elongated, gaster compressed from side-to-side.</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="123" type="biology_ecology">
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="123">Biology.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="123">
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Most species develop in plant galls or in figs, some extralimital species are recorded as parasitoids. The hosts involved
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<taxonomicName kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="123" rank="order">Hymenoptera</taxonomicName>
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(
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<taxonomicName authorityName="Dalman" authorityYear="1820" class="Hexapoda" family="Pteromalidae" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="123" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="family">Pteromalidae</taxonomicName>
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,
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<taxonomicName baseAuthorityName="Haliday" baseAuthorityYear="1833" class="Insecta" family="Eulophidae" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF,CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="123" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="family">Eulophidae</taxonomicName>
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,
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<taxonomicName class="Hexapoda" family="Eurytomidae" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="123" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="family">Eurytomidae</taxonomicName>
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,
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<taxonomicName authorityName="Howard" authorityYear="1890" class="Insecta" family="Tanaostigmatidae" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF,CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="123" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="family">Tanaostigmatidae</taxonomicName>
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,
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<taxonomicName authorityName="Walker" authorityYear="1833" class="Hexapoda" family="Torymidae" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="123" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="family">Torymidae</taxonomicName>
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,
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<taxonomicName class="Hexapoda" family="Tenthredinidae" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="123" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="family">Tenthredinidae</taxonomicName>
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,
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<taxonomicName class="Hexapoda" family="Cynipidae" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="123" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="family">Cynipidae</taxonomicName>
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and
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<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Cecidomyiidae" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="" order="Diptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="123" rank="family">Cecidomyiidae</taxonomicName>
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),
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<taxonomicName kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="123" rank="order">Lepidoptera</taxonomicName>
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(
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<taxonomicName authorityName="Bréthes" authorityYear="1916" class="Insecta" family="Cecidosidae" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF,CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="123" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="family">Cecidosidae</taxonomicName>
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, and
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<taxonomicName authorityName="Stainton" authorityYear="1854" class="Insecta" family="Gelechiidae" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="" order="Hemiptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="123" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="family">Gelechiidae</taxonomicName>
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),
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<taxonomicName kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="" order="Diptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="123" rank="order">Diptera</taxonomicName>
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(
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<taxonomicName class="Hexapoda" family="Prodoxidae" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="123" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="family">Prodoxidae</taxonomicName>
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) and
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<taxonomicName kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="" order="Hemiptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="123" rank="order">Hemiptera</taxonomicName>
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(
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<taxonomicName authorityName="Latreille" authorityYear="1807" class="Hexapoda" family="Psyllidae" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="" order="Hemiptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="123" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="family">Psyllidae</taxonomicName>
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) (
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<bibRefCitation author="Noyes, JS" journalOrPublisher="Journal of Beijing Forestry University" pageId="0" pageNumber="123" publicationUrl="http://www.nhm.ac.uk/chalcidoids" refId="B18" refString="Noyes, JS, 2020. Universal Chalcidoidea Database. http://www.nhm.ac.uk/chalcidoids" title="Universal Chalcidoidea Database." url="http://www.nhm.ac.uk/chalcidoids" year="2020">Noyes 2020</bibRefCitation>
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).
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="123" type="distribution">
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="123">Distribution.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="123">
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China (Hainan, Fujian, Hunan, Guangxi, Hongkong, Taiwan) (
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<bibRefCitation author="Luo, YQ" journalOrPublisher="Journal of Beijing Forestry University" pageId="0" pageNumber="123" pagination="45 - 57" refId="B15" refString="Luo, YQ, Huang, JF, Liao, DX, 1987. Studies on the distribution and biology of Torymus sinensis Kamijo. Journal of Beijing Forestry University 9 (1): 45 - 57" title="Studies on the distribution and biology of Torymus sinensis Kamijo." volume="9" year="1987">Luo et al. 1987</bibRefCitation>
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;
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<bibRefCitation author="Huang, JF" journalOrPublisher="Scientia Silvae Sinicae (Linye Kexue)" pageId="0" pageNumber="123" pagination="162 - 169" refId="B11" refString="Huang, JF, Luo, YQ, Liao, DX, 1988. Studies on the natural enemies of chestnut gall wasp in China. Scientia Silvae Sinicae (Linye Kexue) 24 (2): 162 - 169" title="Studies on the natural enemies of chestnut gall wasp in China." volume="24" year="1988">Huang et al. 1988</bibRefCitation>
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;
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<bibRefCitation author="Beardsley, WJ" journalOrPublisher="Proceedings of the Hawaiian Entomological Society" pageId="0" pageNumber="123" pagination="19 - 33" refId="B6" refString="Beardsley, WJ, 1998. Chalcid wasps (Hymenoptera: Chalcidoidea) associated with fruit of Ficus microcarpa in Hawaii. Proceedings of the Hawaiian Entomological Society 33: 19 - 33" title="Chalcid wasps (Hymenoptera: Chalcidoidea) associated with fruit of Ficus microcarpa in Hawaii." volume="33" year="1998">Beardsley 1998</bibRefCitation>
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;
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<bibRefCitation author="Chen, YR" journalOrPublisher="Journal of Taiwan Museum" pageId="0" pageNumber="123" pagination="39 - 79" refId="B9" refString="Chen, YR, Chuang, WC, Wu, WJ, 1999. Chalcid wasps on Ficus microcarpa L. in Taiwan (Hymenoptera: Chalcidoidea). Journal of Taiwan Museum 52 (1): 39 - 79" title="Chalcid wasps on Ficus microcarpa L. in Taiwan (Hymenoptera: Chalcidoidea)." volume="52" year="1999">Chen et al. 1999</bibRefCitation>
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;
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<bibRefCitation author="Xu, ZH" journalOrPublisher="Forest Research" pageId="0" pageNumber="123" pagination="444 - 449" refId="B25" refString="Xu, ZH, Hu, GL, Jiang, HZ, Ye, YZ, 2002. Ten species of chalcidoids reared from bamboo gall with notes on one new record species. Forest Research 15 (4): 444 - 449" title="Ten species of chalcidoids reared from bamboo gall with notes on one new record species." volume="15" year="2002">Xu et al. 2002</bibRefCitation>
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). The species of
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<taxonomicName authorityName="Walker" authorityYear="1871" class="Insecta" family="Eurytomidae" genus="Sycophila" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Sycophila" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="123" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="123">Sycophila</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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are reported throughout the world (
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<bibRefCitation author="Narendran, TC" journalOrPublisher="Journal of Beijing Forestry University" pageId="0" pageNumber="123" refId="B16" refString="Narendran, TC, 1994. Torymidae and Eurytomidae of Indian subcontinent (Hymenoptera: Chalcidoidea) Zoological Monograph, Department of Zoology, University of Calicut, Kerala, 500 pp." title="Torymidae and Eurytomidae of Indian subcontinent (Hymenoptera: Chalcidoidea) Zoological Monograph, Department of Zoology, University of Calicut, Kerala, 500 pp." year="1994">Narendran 1994</bibRefCitation>
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;
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<bibRefCitation author="Noyes, JS" journalOrPublisher="Journal of Beijing Forestry University" pageId="0" pageNumber="123" publicationUrl="http://www.nhm.ac.uk/chalcidoids" refId="B18" refString="Noyes, JS, 2020. Universal Chalcidoidea Database. http://www.nhm.ac.uk/chalcidoids" title="Universal Chalcidoidea Database." url="http://www.nhm.ac.uk/chalcidoids" year="2020">Noyes 2020</bibRefCitation>
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).
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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</treatment>
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</document> |