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<document id="87301AFB45A79D662F12DB63E6F2D1B3" ID-CLB-Dataset="2894" ID-DOI="10.15553/c2016v712a17" ID-GBIF-Dataset="3ba10b86-da39-40e8-898c-ee3dfa6f0f05" ID-ISSN="2235-3658" ID-Zenodo-Dep="5721805" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.tables_requiresApprovalFor="existingObjects,plazi" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1637687619965" checkinUser="carolina" docAuthor="Kainulainen, Kent, Ee, Benjamin van, Antilahimena, Patrice, Razafindraibe, Hanta &amp; Berry, Paul E." docDate="2016" docId="03F487CA81794341FCF7FEE15AD9F847" docLanguage="en" docName="Candollea.71.2.327-356.pdf" docOrigin="Candollea 71 (2)" docStyle="DocumentStyle:1E5CC43F38D0DBC531513809D1267F7B.3:Candollea.2015-.journal_article" docStyleId="1E5CC43F38D0DBC531513809D1267F7B" docStyleName="Candollea.2015-.journal_article" docStyleVersion="3" docTitle="Croton hypochalibaeus Baill." docType="treatment" docVersion="9" lastPageNumber="347" masterDocId="FFCDFFB281684356FFD3FFBB5859FFC1" masterDocTitle="New species and species reports of Croton L. (Euphorbiaceae) from the eastern forest corridor of Madagascar" masterLastPageNumber="356" masterPageNumber="327" pageNumber="344" updateTime="1699469649289" updateUser="ExternalLinkService" zenodo-license-document="CC-BY-4.0" zenodo-license-figures="CC-BY-4.0">
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<mods:title id="F3EC1C677EB863559A4864F008E0D19D">New species and species reports of Croton L. (Euphorbiaceae) from the eastern forest corridor of Madagascar</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="DD78200A872E5842CBFC79D73BD150B5">Kainulainen, Kent</mods:namePart>
<mods:affiliation id="568DF187D5091B94954E73DAB12C2DF0">Herbarium, Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, 3600 Varsity Drive, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48108, U. S. A.</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:namePart id="C97B94F29A068565ABE46068EE777612">Ee, Benjamin van</mods:namePart>
<mods:affiliation id="E4EDFA99CDA3A4C518A47CB8553BC18E">Department of Biology, Universidad de Puerto Rico, Recinto Universitario de Mayagüez, Mayagüez, PR 00680, Puerto Rico, U. S. A.</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:namePart id="23F14BB24814F84678209A10EA9BBABD">Antilahimena, Patrice</mods:namePart>
<mods:affiliation id="4ABF0BD035BF4DAF4A48F95B45148F18">Missouri Botanical Garden, B. P. 3391, Antananarivo 101, Madagascar.</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:namePart id="F5A1A81AD0B12A25E9184F2406694FA1">Razafindraibe, Hanta</mods:namePart>
<mods:affiliation id="14206D47E292AE66B1F3D5965831622A">Parc Botanique et Zoologique de Tsimbazaza, rue Kasanga Fernand, Antananarivo 101, Madagascar.</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:namePart id="B04217023912CE358E12CC05AC4B44FF">Berry, Paul E.</mods:namePart>
<mods:affiliation id="4A6A9E40135B0E9887C7D92FF66E00B5">Herbarium, Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, 3600 Varsity Drive, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48108, U. S. A.</mods:affiliation>
<mods:nameIdentifier id="DFFBBC2E0E3114437DDB008D0838D3E6" type="email">peberry@umich.edu</mods:nameIdentifier>
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<mods:title id="6924DFA1587994D7A043EE334A8F49B0">Candollea</mods:title>
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<mods:date id="8E5FBC139A54AE7FFFBD75530065F89C">2016</mods:date>
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<mods:number id="136F176A5002F34702A915C815D1500F">2016-11-23</mods:number>
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<mods:number id="196295E987EE4FB021A2D6490EB5B37F">71</mods:number>
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<treatment id="03F487CA81794341FCF7FEE15AD9F847" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5789991" ID-GBIF-Taxon="191683032" ID-Zenodo-Dep="5789991" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03F487CA81794341FCF7FEE15AD9F847" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/03F487CA81794341FCF7FEE15AD9F847" lastPageId="23" lastPageNumber="347" pageId="17" pageNumber="344">
<subSubSection id="C347655781794347FCF7FEE15C27FE52" pageId="17" pageNumber="344" type="nomenclature">
<paragraph id="8BE236DC81794347FCF7FEE15C27FE52" blockId="17.[804,1455,346,403]" pageId="17" pageNumber="344">
<taxonomicName id="4C5D4D5F81794347FCF7FEE15C12FEB3" ID-CoL="ZQ9S" authority="Baill." authorityName="Baill." box="[804,1099,346,370]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Euphorbiaceae" genus="Croton" kingdom="Plantae" order="Malpighiales" pageId="17" pageNumber="344" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="hypochalibaeus">
<emphasis id="B929EACE81794347FCF7FEE15C57FEB3" bold="true" box="[804,1038,346,370]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="344">Croton hypochalibaeus</emphasis>
Baill.
</taxonomicName>
in Bull. Mens. Soc. Linn. Paris 2: 262. 1890 (
<figureCitation id="13662A5981794347FC4FFEC05BB6FE52" box="[924,1007,379,403]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="5.[116,143,1791,1810]" captionTargetBox="[117,1455,285,1615]" captionTargetId="figure-164@5.[117,1455,285,1615]" captionTargetPageId="5" captionText="Fig. 1. Distribution maps. The grey squares or white arrow on the inset maps of Madagascar show the location of the area depicted. A. Croton ferricretus Kainul., B.W. van Ee &amp; P.E. Berry (red); B. Distribution of Croton droguetioides Kainul. &amp; Radcl.-Sm. (turquoise) (Cours 4111 not shown), C. enigmaticus P.E. Berry &amp; B.W. van Ee (light green) (Ralimanana et al. 1402 not shown), C. indrisilvae Kainul., B.W. van Ee &amp; P.E. Berry (yellow), and C. plurispicatus P.E. Berry, Kainul. &amp; B.W. van Ee (light purple); C. Croton ankeranae Kainul. (yellow), C. radiatus P.E. Berry &amp; Kainul. (red), and Croton lasiopyrus Baill. (white). The collection in gray represents presumed hybrids between C. lasiopyrus and C. enigmaticus (van Ee et al. 2215 and 2216); D. Croton hypochalibaeus Baill. in Madagascar. [Google Earth Image © 2016 DigitalGlobe.Reproduced per attribution guidelines]" figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5721811" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5721811/files/figure.png" pageId="17" pageNumber="344">Fig. 1D</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="13662A5981794347FC28FEC05C4FFE52" box="[1019,1046,379,403]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="25.[117,144,1805,1824]" captionTargetBox="[222,1349,282,1785]" captionTargetId="figure-181@25.[222,1349,282,1785]" captionTargetPageId="25" captionText="Fig. 12. Croton plurispicatus P.E. Berry, Kainul. &amp; B.W. van Ee (A-F) and C. hypochalibaeus Baill. (G-L). A. Side view of staminate flower; B. Top view of staminate flower; C. Top view of staminate flower with stamens removed to show the five nectaries; D. Side view of pistillate flower; E. Top view of pistillate flower; F. Top view of pistillate flower with ovary removed to show the five nectaries; G. Side view of staminate flower; H. Top view of staminate flower; I. Top view of staminate flower with stamens removed to show the five nectaries; J. Side view of pistillate flower; K. Top view of pistillate flower; L. Top view of pistillate flower with ovary removed to show the five nectaries. [A-F: van Ee et al. 2198; G-I: van Ee et al. 2465; J-L: van Ee et al. 2464]" figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5794135" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5794135/files/figure.png" pageId="17" pageNumber="344">12</figureCitation>
G-L, 13).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C347655781794347FC99FE005C2CFDD2" pageId="17" pageNumber="344" type="materials_examined">
<paragraph id="8BE236DC81794347FC99FE005C2CFDD2" blockId="17.[842,1453,443,532]" pageId="17" pageNumber="344">
<materialsCitation id="3B353C8181794347FC99FE005D78FE32" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3420017423" collectionCode="K" collectorName="Baron" country="Madagascar" pageId="17" pageNumber="344" specimenCode="K001040371" specimenCount="1" typeStatus="lectotype">
<emphasis id="B929EACE81794347FC99FE005B8BFE12" bold="true" box="[842,978,443,467]" pageId="17" pageNumber="344">
<typeStatus id="54E6887E81794347FC99FE005B8BFE12" box="[842,978,443,467]" pageId="17" pageNumber="344" type="lectotype">Lectotypus</typeStatus>
</emphasis>
(designated here):
<emphasis id="B929EACE81794347FB15FE005D25FE12" bold="true" box="[1222,1404,443,467]" pageId="17" pageNumber="344">
<collectingCountry id="F34A764C81794347FB15FE005D37FE10" box="[1222,1390,443,467]" name="Madagascar" pageId="17" pageNumber="344">MADAGASCAR</collectingCountry>
:
</emphasis>
<emphasis id="B929EACE81794347FA57FE075B2AFE32" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="344">sine loc.,</emphasis>
s.d.,
<emphasis id="B929EACE81794347FC61FE675C6CFE32" box="[946,1077,475,499]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="344">
<collectorName id="26A8530A81794347FC61FE675BADFE32" box="[946,1012,476,499]" pageId="17" pageNumber="344">Baron</collectorName>
5635
</emphasis>
(
<collectionCode id="ED4CAE1981794347FB95FE605C02FE32" box="[1094,1115,475,499]" country="United Kingdom" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15867" name="Royal Botanic Gardens" pageId="17" pageNumber="344" type="Herbarium">K</collectionCode>
[
<specimenCode id="DBFB9EA781794347FBB8FE605D51FE32" box="[1131,1288,475,499]" pageId="17" pageNumber="344">K001040371</specimenCode>
]!;
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<materialsCitation id="3B353C8181794347FAF4FE605C2CFDD2" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3420017366" collectionCode="P" collectorName="Baron" country="Madagascar" pageId="17" pageNumber="344" specimenCode="P00133213, P00133661" specimenCount="1" typeStatus="isolectotype">
<typeStatus id="54E6887E81794347FAF4FE605DD0FE32" box="[1319,1417,475,499]" pageId="17" pageNumber="344" type="isolectotype">isolecto-</typeStatus>
:
<collectionCode id="ED4CAE1981794347FA4DFE675DF4FE32" box="[1438,1453,476,499]" country="France" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15763" name="Museum National d' Histoire Naturelle, Paris (MNHN) - Vascular Plants" pageId="17" pageNumber="344" type="Herbarium">P</collectionCode>
[
<specimenCode id="DBFB9EA781794347FC83FE475B96FDD5" box="[848,975,508,532]" pageId="17" pageNumber="344">P00133213</specimenCode>
,
<specimenCode id="DBFB9EA781794347FC09FE405C39FDD2" box="[986,1120,507,531]" pageId="17" pageNumber="344">P00133661</specimenCode>
]!).
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</paragraph>
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<subSubSection id="C347655781794342FC99FD8759C4FD55" lastPageId="20" lastPageNumber="347" pageId="17" pageNumber="344" type="description">
<paragraph id="8BE236DC81794342FC99FD8759C4FD55" blockId="17.[804,1455,572,1949]" lastBlockId="20.[139,790,282,660]" lastPageId="20" lastPageNumber="347" pageId="17" pageNumber="344">
<emphasis id="B929EACE81794347FC99FD875BD7FD95" box="[842,910,572,596]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="344">Shrubs</emphasis>
or
<emphasis id="B929EACE81794347FC60FD865BB9FD95" box="[947,992,573,596]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="344">trees</emphasis>
to
<quantity id="4CA59B3981794347FBD0FD875C74FD92" box="[1027,1069,572,596]" metricMagnitude="0" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.0" pageId="17" pageNumber="344" unit="m" value="5.0">5 m</quantity>
tall, dichotomously branching, with internodes
<quantity id="4CA59B3981794347FC4FFDE75BAFFDB5" box="[924,1014,604,628]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="8.0" metricValueMax="14.0" metricValueMin="2.0" pageId="17" pageNumber="344" unit="cm" value="8.0" valueMax="14.0" valueMin="2.0">2-14 cm</quantity>
long separating tight clusters of leaves at the nodes, giving the appearance of whorled branches.
<emphasis id="B929EACE81794347FA84FDC75DF7FD55" box="[1367,1454,636,660]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="344">Branches</emphasis>
± flattened on new growth and densely brown-lepidote, brown or gray, becoming terete and glabrous with age.
<emphasis id="B929EACE81794347FAF1FD065D28FD14" box="[1314,1393,701,725]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="344">Stipules</emphasis>
awnshaped,
<quantity id="4CA59B3981794347FCA9FD665BA5FD35" box="[890,1020,733,757]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.2" metricValueMax="1.5" metricValueMin="0.9" pageId="17" pageNumber="344" unit="mm" value="1.2" valueMax="1.5" valueMin="0.9">0.9-1.5 mm</quantity>
.
<emphasis id="B929EACE81794347FBD5FD655C12FD34" box="[1030,1099,734,757]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="344">Leaves</emphasis>
congested and ± whorled at apex and nodes. Petioles
<quantity id="4CA59B3981794347FC2AFD465C39FCD4" box="[1017,1120,765,789]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="8.0" metricValueMax="15.0" metricValueMin="1.0" pageId="17" pageNumber="344" unit="mm" value="8.0" valueMax="15.0" valueMin="1.0">1-15 mm</quantity>
, adaxially canaliculate, without any apparent glands. Leaf blades papyraceous, entire or with shallow irregular undulations, narrowly elliptic to obovate, (7-)21-77(-145) × (5-)9-31(-45) mm, apex acute to long acuminate (rarely obtuse), base attenuate to cuneate; adaxial surface silvery-lepidote (young leaves appear silvery), glossy, (dark) green when fresh (turning orange in old leaves) and drying matte gray-green; venation impressed, not prominent, with 4-11 pairs of brochidodromus, ± penninerved secondary veins; abaxial surface densely silvery-lepidote and brown punctulate, the brown scales ± evenly scattered among silvery white scales; venation indistinct except for the brown-lepidote midrib.
<emphasis id="B929EACE81794347FCABFB3B5BA2FB59" box="[888,1019,1152,1176]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="344">Inflorescences</emphasis>
shortly racemose to fasciculate, 2-8(-10) mm long, axillary or terminal, with mostly staminate flowers, sometimes with 1-2 pistillate flowers at the base; axes densely brown-lepidote, flattened; bracts linear to spatulate, to 6.5 ×
<quantity id="4CA59B3981794347FCF7FABA5B22FAD9" box="[804,891,1281,1305]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.2" pageId="17" pageNumber="344" unit="mm" value="1.2">1.2 mm</quantity>
.
<emphasis id="B929EACE81794347FC54FABA5C19FAD8" box="[903,1088,1281,1305]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="344">Staminate flowers</emphasis>
with brown-lepidote, subglobose buds 1.0-
<quantity id="4CA59B3981794347FC5CFA9A5BB3FAF9" box="[911,1002,1313,1337]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.4" pageId="17" pageNumber="344" unit="mm" value="1.4">1.4 mm</quantity>
diam., pedicels elongating from bud to anthesis,
<quantity id="4CA59B3981794347FC5CFAFA5BB2FA98" box="[911,1003,1345,1369]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.5" metricValueMax="4.0" metricValueMin="1.0" pageId="17" pageNumber="344" unit="mm" value="2.5" valueMax="4.0" valueMin="1.0">1-4 mm</quantity>
long; sepals 5, firm, shortly connate at base, lobes broadly triangular to ovate, 1.0-1.6 ×
<quantity id="4CA59B3981794347FAF9FADA5DF3FAB8" box="[1322,1450,1377,1401]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.2" metricValueMax="1.5" metricValueMin="0.9" pageId="17" pageNumber="344" unit="mm" value="1.2" valueMax="1.5" valueMin="0.9">0.9-1.5 mm</quantity>
, apex acute to rounded, inflexed at anthesis, abaxially brownlepidote, adaxially glabrous, white; petals 5, white, elliptic to spatulate, 2.0-2.9 ×
<quantity id="4CA59B3981794347FC28FA795C24FA18" box="[1019,1149,1474,1498]" metricMagnitude="-4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="9.0" metricValueMax="11.0" metricValueMin="7.0" pageId="17" pageNumber="344" unit="mm" value="0.9" valueMax="1.1" valueMin="0.7">0.7-1.1 mm</quantity>
, recurved at anthesis, abaxially papillate, adaxially glabrous, margins densely ciliate; disc glands/nectaries 5, opposite the sepals, sessile, triangular with an apical depression, 0.4-0.5 ×
<quantity id="4CA59B3981794347FBA6F9995CAEF9FB" box="[1141,1271,1570,1594]" metricMagnitude="-4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.0" metricValueMax="5.0" metricValueMin="3.0" pageId="17" pageNumber="344" unit="mm" value="0.4" valueMax="0.5" valueMin="0.3">0.3-0.5 mm</quantity>
, yellow; stamens 10-18, white to pale yellow, filaments
<quantity id="4CA59B3981794347FB7CF9F85D74F99B" box="[1199,1325,1603,1627]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.15" metricValueMax="3.2" metricValueMin="1.1" pageId="17" pageNumber="344" unit="mm" value="2.15" valueMax="3.2" valueMin="1.1">1.1-3.2 mm</quantity>
long, ciliate, anthers elliptic,
<quantity id="4CA59B3981794347FC03F9D85C09F9BB" box="[976,1104,1635,1659]" metricMagnitude="-4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="7.0" metricValueMax="9.0" metricValueMin="5.0" pageId="17" pageNumber="344" unit="mm" value="0.7" valueMax="0.9" valueMin="0.5">0.5-0.9 mm</quantity>
long; receptacle pilose.
<emphasis id="B929EACE81794347FA87F9D85B32F95A" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="344">Pistillate flowers</emphasis>
with brown-lepidote buds
<quantity id="4CA59B3981794347FB5FF9385D52F95A" box="[1164,1291,1667,1691]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.65" metricValueMax="1.8" metricValueMin="1.5" pageId="17" pageNumber="344" unit="mm" value="1.65" valueMax="1.8" valueMin="1.5">1.5-1.8 mm</quantity>
diam., pedicels 1-3(-5) mm long; sepals 5, firm, broadly elliptic, spreading at anthesis, 1.6-2.4(-5.5) × 0.9-2.2(-2.7) mm, apex acute and inflexed, shortly connate at base, abaxially lepidote, adaxially ± lepidote and ciliate towards apex, greenish white-green, persistent in fruit; petals usually absent/reduced; disc glands/ nectaries 5, opposite the sepals, sessile, ellipsoidal with a short apex, 0.2-0.6 × 0.6-1.0 mm, pale yellow; glandular filaments (in petal position alternating with the nectary lobes) 5, 0.3-
<quantity id="4CA59B39817C4342FF58FEA158B9FEF0" box="[139,224,282,306]" metricMagnitude="-4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="8.0" pageId="20" pageNumber="347" unit="mm" value="0.8">0.8 mm</quantity>
long; ovary subglobose, c. 2.0 mm diam., lepidote, styles 3, 2.3-5.0 mm long, flattened, each bifurcating 3-4 times, often with the first bifurcation congested and fused to appear 4-furcate, spreading, recurved at the apices, abaxially lepidote, adaxially glabrous (but appearing lepidote in some specimens where the edges of the style branches are rolled up), white, turning brown, persistent.
<emphasis id="B929EACE817C4342FE3BFE605A66FE32" box="[488,575,475,499]" italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="347">Capsules</emphasis>
4.6-6.7 × c.
<quantity id="4CA59B39817C4342FD11FE605B4CFE32" box="[706,789,475,499]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.3" pageId="20" pageNumber="347" unit="mm" value="4.3">4.3 mm</quantity>
(
<figureCitation id="13662A59817C4342FF40FE4058BAFDD5" box="[147,227,507,532]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="18.[139,166,1882,1901]" captionTargetBox="[229,1388,287,1811]" captionTargetId="figure-137@18.[229,1388,287,1811]" captionTargetPageId="18" captionText="Fig. 7. Croton ferricretus Kainul., B.W. van Ee &amp; P.E. Berry (A-B), C. plurispicatus P.E. Berry, Kainul. &amp; B.W. van Ee (C-D), C. hypochalibaeus Baill. (E-F), C. indrisilvae Kainul., B.W. van Ee &amp; P.E. Berry (G-H), and C. enigmaticus P.E. Berry &amp; B.W. van Ee (I-J). A, C, E, G, I. Capsule; B, D, F, H, J. Seed. [A-B: van Ee et al. 2436; C: van Ee et al. 2198; D: Ranaivojaona &amp; Razanatsima 1173; E-F: van Ee et al. 2472; G-H: van Ee et al. 2176; I-J: van Ee et al.2214]" figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5721824" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5721824/files/figure.png" pageId="20" pageNumber="347">Fig. 7E</figureCitation>
), smooth, (pale) brown, lepidote, exocarp not separating, endocarp woody, c.
<quantity id="4CA59B39817C4342FE5BFDA75982FDF2" box="[392,475,540,564]" metricMagnitude="-4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.0" pageId="20" pageNumber="347" unit="mm" value="0.2">0.2 mm</quantity>
thick; columella
<quantity id="4CA59B39817C4342FD45FDA75B4CFDF2" box="[662,789,540,564]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.5" metricValueMax="5.2" metricValueMin="3.8" pageId="20" pageNumber="347" unit="mm" value="4.5" valueMax="5.2" valueMin="3.8">3.8-5.2 mm</quantity>
long, cornute, capitate.
<emphasis id="B929EACE817C4342FEADFD8759EBFD95" box="[382,434,572,596]" italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="347">Seeds</emphasis>
± compressed-ellipsoid (
<figureCitation id="13662A59817C4342FD69FD875B50FD95" box="[698,777,572,596]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="18.[139,166,1882,1901]" captionTargetBox="[229,1388,287,1811]" captionTargetId="figure-137@18.[229,1388,287,1811]" captionTargetPageId="18" captionText="Fig. 7. Croton ferricretus Kainul., B.W. van Ee &amp; P.E. Berry (A-B), C. plurispicatus P.E. Berry, Kainul. &amp; B.W. van Ee (C-D), C. hypochalibaeus Baill. (E-F), C. indrisilvae Kainul., B.W. van Ee &amp; P.E. Berry (G-H), and C. enigmaticus P.E. Berry &amp; B.W. van Ee (I-J). A, C, E, G, I. Capsule; B, D, F, H, J. Seed. [A-B: van Ee et al. 2436; C: van Ee et al. 2198; D: Ranaivojaona &amp; Razanatsima 1173; E-F: van Ee et al. 2472; G-H: van Ee et al. 2176; I-J: van Ee et al.2214]" figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5721824" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5721824/files/figure.png" pageId="20" pageNumber="347">Fig. 7F</figureCitation>
), c. 4.0 × 3.0 ×
<quantity id="4CA59B39817C4342FEC8FDE75937FDB5" box="[283,366,604,628]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.5" pageId="20" pageNumber="347" unit="mm" value="2.5">2.5 mm</quantity>
; testa glossy, punctate, brown; caruncle reniform c. 0.7 ×
<quantity id="4CA59B39817C4342FE90FDC759C0FD55" box="[323,409,636,660]" metricMagnitude="-4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.0" pageId="20" pageNumber="347" unit="mm" value="0.5">0.5 mm</quantity>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<caption id="DF226654817A4344FF58F8E15DE1F85E" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5721824" ID-Zenodo-Dep="5721824" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5721824/files/figure.png" pageId="18" pageNumber="345" startId="18.[139,166,1882,1901]" targetBox="[229,1388,287,1811]" targetPageId="18">
<paragraph id="8BE236DC817A4344FF58F8E15D3BF847" blockId="18.[139,1464,1882,1951]" pageId="18" pageNumber="345">
<emphasis id="B929EACE817A4344FF58F8E15893F8AC" bold="true" box="[139,202,1882,1901]" pageId="18" pageNumber="345">Fig. 7. </emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="4C5D4D5F817A4344FF1DF8E15ADCF8AC" authority="Kainul., B. W. van Ee &amp; P. E. Berry" authorityName="Kainul., B. W. van Ee &amp; P. E. Berry" box="[206,645,1882,1901]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Euphorbiaceae" genus="Croton" kingdom="Plantae" order="Malpighiales" pageId="18" pageNumber="345" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="ferricretus">
<emphasis id="B929EACE817A4344FF1DF8E15932F8AC" box="[206,363,1882,1901]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="345">Croton ferricretus</emphasis>
Kainul., B.W. van Ee &amp; P.E. Berry
</taxonomicName>
(
<emphasis id="B929EACE817A4344FD5CF8E15AE8F8AC" bold="true" box="[655,689,1882,1901]" pageId="18" pageNumber="345">A-B</emphasis>
),
<taxonomicName id="4C5D4D5F817A4344FD13F8E15C3AF8AC" authority="P. E. Berry, Kainul. &amp; B. W. van Ee" authorityName="P. E. Berry, Kainul. &amp; B. W. van Ee" box="[704,1123,1882,1901]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Euphorbiaceae" genus="Croton" kingdom="Plantae" order="Malpighiales" pageId="18" pageNumber="345" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="plurispicatus">
<emphasis id="B929EACE817A4344FD13F8E15B11F8AC" box="[704,840,1882,1901]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="345">C. plurispicatus</emphasis>
P.E. Berry, Kainul. &amp; B.W. van Ee
</taxonomicName>
(
<emphasis id="B929EACE817A4344FBBFF8E15CD6F8AC" bold="true" box="[1132,1167,1882,1901]" pageId="18" pageNumber="345">C-D</emphasis>
),
<taxonomicName id="4C5D4D5F817A4344FB4DF8E15D37F8AC" authority="Baill." authorityName="Baill." box="[1182,1390,1882,1901]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Euphorbiaceae" genus="Croton" kingdom="Plantae" order="Malpighiales" pageId="18" pageNumber="345" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="hypochalibaeus">
<emphasis id="B929EACE817A4344FB4DF8E15D67F8AC" box="[1182,1342,1882,1901]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="345">C. hypochalibaeus</emphasis>
Baill.
</taxonomicName>
(
<emphasis id="B929EACE817A4344FAA5F8E15DCCF8AC" bold="true" box="[1398,1429,1882,1901]" pageId="18" pageNumber="345">E-F</emphasis>
),
<taxonomicName id="4C5D4D5F817A4344FF58F8C85A4CF847" authority="Kainul., B. W. van Ee &amp; P. E. Berry" authorityName="Kainul., B. W. van Ee &amp; P. E. Berry" box="[139,533,1907,1926]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Euphorbiaceae" genus="Croton" kingdom="Plantae" order="Malpighiales" pageId="18" pageNumber="345" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="indrisilvae">
<emphasis id="B929EACE817A4344FF58F8C858A3F847" box="[139,250,1907,1926]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="345">C. indrisilvae</emphasis>
Kainul., B.W. van Ee &amp; P.E. Berry
</taxonomicName>
(
<emphasis id="B929EACE817A4344FDCCF8C85A1AF847" bold="true" box="[543,579,1907,1926]" pageId="18" pageNumber="345">G-H</emphasis>
), and
<taxonomicName id="4C5D4D5F817A4344FDA4F8C85B89F847" authority="P. E. Berry &amp; B. W. van Ee" authorityName="P. E. Berry &amp; B. W. van Ee" box="[631,976,1907,1926]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Euphorbiaceae" genus="Croton" kingdom="Plantae" order="Malpighiales" pageId="18" pageNumber="345" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="enigmaticus">
<emphasis id="B929EACE817A4344FDA4F8C85AA0F847" box="[631,761,1907,1926]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="345">C. enigmaticus</emphasis>
P.E. Berry &amp; B.W. van Ee
</taxonomicName>
(
<emphasis id="B929EACE817A4344FC0AF8C85BABF847" bold="true" box="[985,1010,1907,1926]" pageId="18" pageNumber="345">I-J</emphasis>
).
<emphasis id="B929EACE817A4344FBD3F8C85C3FF847" bold="true" box="[1024,1126,1907,1926]" pageId="18" pageNumber="345">A, C, E, G, I.</emphasis>
Capsule;
<emphasis id="B929EACE817A4344FB6DF8C85D70F847" bold="true" box="[1214,1321,1907,1926]" pageId="18" pageNumber="345">B, D, F, H, J.</emphasis>
Seed.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BE236DC817A4344FF58F8375DE1F85E" blockId="18.[139,1464,1882,1951]" box="[139,1464,1932,1951]" pageId="18" pageNumber="345">
[
<emphasis id="B929EACE817A4344FF42F83758E0F85E" bold="true" box="[145,185,1932,1951]" pageId="18" pageNumber="345">A-B:</emphasis>
<emphasis id="B929EACE817A4344FF6EF8375900F85E" box="[189,345,1932,1951]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="345">van Ee et al. 2436;</emphasis>
<emphasis id="B929EACE817A4344FE8EF837592BF85E" bold="true" box="[349,370,1932,1951]" pageId="18" pageNumber="345">
<collectionCode id="ED4CAE19817A4344FE8EF8375933F85E" box="[349,362,1932,1951]" country="Denmark" name="University of Copenhagen" pageId="18" pageNumber="345" type="Herbarium">C</collectionCode>
:
</emphasis>
van
<emphasis id="B929EACE817A4344FE4BF8375A55F85E" box="[408,524,1932,1951]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="345">Ee et al. 2198</emphasis>
;
<emphasis id="B929EACE817A4344FDC5F8375A72F85E" bold="true" box="[534,555,1932,1951]" pageId="18" pageNumber="345">D:</emphasis>
<emphasis id="B929EACE817A4344FDFCF8375B02F85E" box="[559,859,1932,1951]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="345">Ranaivojaona &amp; Razanatsima 1173;</emphasis>
<emphasis id="B929EACE817A4344FCB3F8375BDFF85E" bold="true" box="[864,902,1932,1951]" pageId="18" pageNumber="345">E-F:</emphasis>
<emphasis id="B929EACE817A4344FC59F8375C7FF85E" box="[906,1062,1932,1951]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="345">van Ee et al. 2472;</emphasis>
<emphasis id="B929EACE817A4344FBF9F8375C0CF85E" bold="true" box="[1066,1109,1932,1951]" pageId="18" pageNumber="345">G-H:</emphasis>
<emphasis id="B929EACE817A4344FB8AF8375CACF85E" box="[1113,1269,1932,1951]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="345">van Ee et al. 2176;</emphasis>
<emphasis id="B929EACE817A4344FB2AF8375D40F85E" bold="true" box="[1273,1305,1932,1951]" pageId="18" pageNumber="345">I-J:</emphasis>
<emphasis id="B929EACE817A4344FACFF8375DEBF85E" box="[1308,1458,1932,1951]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="345">van Ee et al.2214</emphasis>
]
</paragraph>
</caption>
<caption id="DF226654817B4345FFA6F8845A69F85F" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5721827" ID-Zenodo-Dep="5721827" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5721827/files/figure.png" pageId="19" pageNumber="346" startId="19.[117,144,1855,1874]" targetBox="[181,1390,279,1840]" targetPageId="19">
<paragraph id="8BE236DC817B4345FFA6F8845C40F844" blockId="19.[117,1419,1855,1950]" pageId="19" pageNumber="346">
<emphasis id="B929EACE817B4345FFA6F88458EDF893" bold="true" box="[117,180,1855,1874]" pageId="19" pageNumber="346">Fig. 8. </emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="4C5D4D5F817B4345FF6AF8845A8CF893" authority="Kainul., B. W. van Ee &amp; P. E. Berry. A. Typical" box="[185,725,1855,1874]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Euphorbiaceae" genus="Croton" kingdom="Plantae" order="Malpighiales" pageId="19" pageNumber="346" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="ferricretus">
<emphasis id="B929EACE817B4345FF6AF884590EF893" box="[185,343,1855,1874]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="346">Croton ferricretus</emphasis>
Kainul., B.W. van Ee &amp; P.E. Berry.
<emphasis id="B929EACE817B4345FDACF8845ACBF893" bold="true" box="[639,658,1855,1874]" pageId="19" pageNumber="346">A.</emphasis>
Typical
</taxonomicName>
habitat on ultramafic crust, with
<taxonomicName id="4C5D4D5F817B4345FC2AF8845C35F893" box="[1017,1132,1855,1874]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Euphorbiaceae" genus="Croton" kingdom="Plantae" order="Malpighiales" pageId="19" pageNumber="346" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="ferricretus">
<emphasis id="B929EACE817B4345FC2AF8845C35F893" box="[1017,1132,1855,1874]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="346">C. ferricretus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
dominating the understory;
<emphasis id="B929EACE817B4345FFA6F8E258DEF8AD" bold="true" box="[117,135,1881,1900]" pageId="19" pageNumber="346">B.</emphasis>
Habit;
<emphasis id="B929EACE817B4345FF14F8E25883F8AD" bold="true" box="[199,218,1881,1900]" pageId="19" pageNumber="346">C.</emphasis>
Underside of branch showing the silvery-lepidote and ferrugineous-punctate leaves;
<emphasis id="B929EACE817B4345FC1DF8E25BBBF8AD" bold="true" box="[974,994,1881,1900]" pageId="19" pageNumber="346">D.</emphasis>
Inflorescence with staminate flowers and buds;
<emphasis id="B929EACE817B4345FFA6F8C958DFF844" bold="true" box="[117,134,1906,1925]" pageId="19" pageNumber="346">E.</emphasis>
Inflorescence with pistillate flower and bud;
<emphasis id="B929EACE817B4345FDC0F8C95A7DF844" bold="true" box="[531,548,1906,1925]" pageId="19" pageNumber="346">F.</emphasis>
Infructescence with immature fruits;
<emphasis id="B929EACE817B4345FCA2F8C95BDCF844" bold="true" box="[881,901,1906,1925]" pageId="19" pageNumber="346">G.</emphasis>
Mature capsule.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BE236DC817B4345FFA6F8305A69F85F" blockId="19.[117,1419,1855,1950]" box="[117,560,1931,1950]" pageId="19" pageNumber="346">
[Photos:
<emphasis id="B929EACE817B4345FF69F83058AFF85F" bold="true" box="[186,246,1931,1950]" pageId="19" pageNumber="346">C-D, F:</emphasis>
<collectionCode id="ED4CAE19817B4345FF2DF8305955F85F" box="[254,268,1931,1950]" country="France" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15763" name="Museum National d' Histoire Naturelle, Paris (MNHN) - Vascular Plants" pageId="19" pageNumber="346" type="Herbarium">P</collectionCode>
.Berry;
<emphasis id="B929EACE817B4345FE9CF83059FEF85F" bold="true" box="[335,423,1931,1950]" pageId="19" pageNumber="346">
A-B,
<collectionCode id="ED4CAE19817B4345FEA8F83059D0F85F" box="[379,393,1931,1950]" country="United Kingdom" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15670" name="Royal Botanic Garden Edinburgh" pageId="19" pageNumber="346" type="Herbarium">E</collectionCode>
,
<collectionCode id="ED4CAE19817B4345FE42F83059C6F85F" box="[401,415,1931,1950]" country="Switzerland" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15706" name="Conservatoire et Jardin botaniques de la Ville de Genève" pageId="19" pageNumber="346" type="Herbarium">G</collectionCode>
:
</emphasis>
<collectionCode id="ED4CAE19817B4345FE7FF83059E2F85F" box="[428,443,1931,1950]" country="United Kingdom" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15867" name="Royal Botanic Gardens" pageId="19" pageNumber="346" type="Herbarium">K</collectionCode>
. Kainulainen]
</paragraph>
</caption>
<subSubSection id="C3476557817C4342FF62FD065A3BFD34" pageId="20" pageNumber="347" type="etymology">
<paragraph id="8BE236DC817C4342FF62FD065A3BFD34" blockId="20.[139,789,701,757]" pageId="20" pageNumber="347">
<emphasis id="B929EACE817C4342FF62FD06597BFD14" box="[177,290,701,725]" italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="347">Etymology.</emphasis>
The epithet refers to the steel-colored lepidote indumentum on the underside of the leaves.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C3476557817C4342FF62FCA65AFFFC57" pageId="20" pageNumber="347" type="biology_ecology">
<paragraph id="8BE236DC817C4342FF62FCA65AFFFC57" blockId="20.[139,789,797,918]" pageId="20" pageNumber="347">
<emphasis id="B929EACE817C4342FF62FCA65940FCF4" box="[177,281,797,821]" italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="347">Phenology</emphasis>
. Both flowering and fruiting specimens have been collected from October to April (we have not seen any specimens collected between May and September), indicating that
<taxonomicName id="4C5D4D5F817C4342FF6EFCC55934FC57" box="[189,365,894,918]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Euphorbiaceae" genus="Croton" kingdom="Plantae" order="Malpighiales" pageId="20" pageNumber="347" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="hypochalibaeus">
<emphasis id="B929EACE817C4342FF6EFCC55934FC57" box="[189,365,894,918]" italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="347">C. hypochalibaeus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
is aseasonal in its phenology.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C3476557817C4342FF62FC055A1DFAF8" pageId="20" pageNumber="347" type="distribution">
<paragraph id="8BE236DC817C4342FF62FC055A1DFAF8" blockId="20.[139,790,958,1337]" pageId="20" pageNumber="347">
<emphasis id="B929EACE817C4342FF62FC0559A6FC17" box="[177,511,958,982]" italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="347">Distribution, habitat and ecology</emphasis>
.
<taxonomicName id="4C5D4D5F817C4342FDCEFC045AA4FC17" box="[541,765,958,982]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Euphorbiaceae" genus="Croton" kingdom="Plantae" order="Malpighiales" pageId="20" pageNumber="347" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="hypochalibaeus">
<emphasis id="B929EACE817C4342FDCEFC045AA4FC17" box="[541,765,958,982]" italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="347">Croton hypochalibaeus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
is mostly restricted to the eastern montane forests and the central highland plateau of
<collectingCountry id="F34A764C817C4342FEB0FC4459BDFBD6" box="[355,484,1023,1047]" name="Madagascar" pageId="20" pageNumber="347">Madagascar</collectingCountry>
(“tampoketsa”) at elevations of
<quantity id="4CA59B39817C4342FF7BFBA45974FBF6" box="[168,301,1055,1079]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.2" metricValueMax="1.6" metricValueMin="0.8" pageId="20" pageNumber="347" unit="m" value="1200.0" valueMax="1600.0" valueMin="800.0">800-1600 m</quantity>
, but also occurs as low as
<quantity id="4CA59B39817C4342FD92FBA45ADCFBF6" box="[577,645,1055,1079]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="6.75" pageId="20" pageNumber="347" unit="m" value="675.0">675 m</quantity>
at Ankerana. Most collections are from
<collectingRegion id="4999F83E817C4342FE4DFB845A15FB96" box="[414,588,1087,1111]" country="Madagascar" name="Toamasina" pageId="20" pageNumber="347">Toamasina Prov.</collectingRegion>
(Ambatovy, Andasibe, Ankerana, and Zahamena), but it has also been collected in Ambohitantely and Sohisika (
<collectingRegion id="4999F83E817C4342FE3EFB3B5A9AFB59" box="[493,707,1152,1176]" country="Madagascar" name="Antananarivo" pageId="20" pageNumber="347">Antananarivo Prov.</collectingRegion>
) and as far south as Ivohibe in
<collectingRegion id="4999F83E817C4342FE51FB1B5A10FB76" box="[386,585,1184,1208]" country="Madagascar" name="Fianarantsoa" pageId="20" pageNumber="347">Fianarantsoa Prov.</collectingRegion>
and Isalo National Park in
<collectingRegion id="4999F83E817C4342FF0EFB7B593DFB19" box="[221,356,1216,1240]" country="Madagascar" name="Toliara" pageId="20" pageNumber="347">Toliara Prov.</collectingRegion>
Some doubtful specimens from
<collectingRegion id="4999F83E817C4342FD68FB7B58A0FB39" country="Madagascar" name="Antsiranana" pageId="20" pageNumber="347">Antsiranana Prov.</collectingRegion>
are also mapped (see
<figureCitation id="13662A59817C4342FE0DFB5B5A69FB38" box="[478,560,1248,1273]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="5.[116,143,1791,1810]" captionTargetBox="[117,1455,285,1615]" captionTargetId="figure-164@5.[117,1455,285,1615]" captionTargetPageId="5" captionText="Fig. 1. Distribution maps. The grey squares or white arrow on the inset maps of Madagascar show the location of the area depicted. A. Croton ferricretus Kainul., B.W. van Ee &amp; P.E. Berry (red); B. Distribution of Croton droguetioides Kainul. &amp; Radcl.-Sm. (turquoise) (Cours 4111 not shown), C. enigmaticus P.E. Berry &amp; B.W. van Ee (light green) (Ralimanana et al. 1402 not shown), C. indrisilvae Kainul., B.W. van Ee &amp; P.E. Berry (yellow), and C. plurispicatus P.E. Berry, Kainul. &amp; B.W. van Ee (light purple); C. Croton ankeranae Kainul. (yellow), C. radiatus P.E. Berry &amp; Kainul. (red), and Croton lasiopyrus Baill. (white). The collection in gray represents presumed hybrids between C. lasiopyrus and C. enigmaticus (van Ee et al. 2215 and 2216); D. Croton hypochalibaeus Baill. in Madagascar. [Google Earth Image © 2016 DigitalGlobe.Reproduced per attribution guidelines]" figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5721811" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5721811/files/figure.png" pageId="20" pageNumber="347">Fig. 1D</figureCitation>
). It typically grows in primary forest understory but it also occurs along the edges of forests or in secondary woody vegetation.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C3476557817C4342FF62FADA59DEFA58" pageId="20" pageNumber="347" type="vernacular_names">
<paragraph id="8BE236DC817C4342FF62FADA59DEFA58" blockId="20.[139,789,1377,1433]" pageId="20" pageNumber="347">
<emphasis id="B929EACE817C4342FF62FADA59D9FAB8" box="[177,384,1377,1401]" italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="347">Vernacular names. </emphasis>
“Lazalaza madinidravina”, “Lazalaza madinika”, “Tsiavalika”.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C3476557817C4341FF62FA785AD9F847" lastPageId="23" lastPageNumber="350" pageId="20" pageNumber="347" type="discussion">
<paragraph id="8BE236DC817C4342FF62FA785CDAFC1C" blockId="20.[139,791,1474,1949]" lastBlockId="20.[827,1478,282,1704]" pageId="20" pageNumber="347">
<emphasis id="B929EACE817C4342FF62FA7858ACFA1B" box="[177,245,1475,1498]" italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="347">Notes.</emphasis>
The
<specimenCount id="9D5BFD55817C4342FE83FA7959A5FA1B" box="[336,508,1474,1498]" pageId="20" pageNumber="347" type="generic">two specimens</specimenCount>
of
<emphasis id="B929EACE817C4342FDFBFA785AF7FA1B" box="[552,686,1474,1498]" italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="347">Baron 5635</emphasis>
at P are sparser fragments of the more complete specimen at K. Since LEANDRI (1939) treated
<taxonomicName id="4C5D4D5F817C4342FE47F9B85A1CF9DB" box="[404,581,1538,1562]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Euphorbiaceae" genus="Croton" kingdom="Plantae" order="Malpighiales" pageId="20" pageNumber="347" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="hypochalibaeus">
<emphasis id="B929EACE817C4342FE47F9B85A1CF9DB" box="[404,581,1538,1562]" italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="347">C. hypochalibaeus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
as a synonym of
<taxonomicName id="4C5D4D5F817C4342FD2DF9B858B2F9FB" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Euphorbiaceae" genus="Croton" kingdom="Plantae" order="Malpighiales" pageId="20" pageNumber="347" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="noronhae">
<emphasis id="B929EACE817C4342FD2DF9B858B2F9FB" italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="347">C. noronhae</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, the name has not been applied to contemporary Malagasy Crotons, but the two species differ both morphologically and ecologically.
<taxonomicName id="4C5D4D5F817C4342FE72F9D85A15F9BA" box="[417,588,1635,1659]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Euphorbiaceae" genus="Croton" kingdom="Plantae" order="Malpighiales" pageId="20" pageNumber="347" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="noronhae">
<emphasis id="B929EACE817C4342FE72F9D85A15F9BA" box="[417,588,1635,1659]" italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="347">Croton noronhae</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
is restricted to littoral, sandy-soil forests along the eastern coast of
<collectingCountry id="F34A764C817C4342FD46F9385B4CF95A" box="[661,789,1667,1691]" name="Madagascar" pageId="20" pageNumber="347">Madagascar</collectingCountry>
and has dark reddish velvety shoots compared to smooth, brown-lepidote shoots in
<taxonomicName id="4C5D4D5F817C4342FE48F97F5A13F91D" box="[411,586,1732,1756]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Euphorbiaceae" genus="Croton" kingdom="Plantae" order="Malpighiales" pageId="20" pageNumber="347" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="hypochalibaeus">
<emphasis id="B929EACE817C4342FE48F97F5A13F91D" box="[411,586,1732,1756]" italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="347">C. hypochalibaeus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
; it also has evident acropetiolar glands, which are lacking in
<taxonomicName id="4C5D4D5F817C4342FD84F95F5B49F93D" box="[599,784,1764,1788]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Euphorbiaceae" genus="Croton" kingdom="Plantae" order="Malpighiales" pageId="20" pageNumber="347" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="hypochalibaeus">
<emphasis id="B929EACE817C4342FD84F95F5B49F93D" box="[599,784,1764,1788]" italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="347">C. hypochalibaeus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
. In the Ambatovy checklist of
<bibRefCitation id="EFCC4B2D817C4342FE1EF8BF5A96F8DD" author="PHILLIPSON, P. B. &amp; LOWRY II, L. &amp; ANDRIAMAHEFARIVO, P." box="[461,719,1796,1820]" pageId="20" pageNumber="347" pagination="44 - 76" refId="ref21854" refString="PHILLIPSON, P. B., P. P. LOWRY II, L. ANDRIAMAHEFARIVO, P. ANTI- LAHIMENA &amp; C. BIRKINSHAW (2010). Floristic inventory of the Ambatovy-Analamay mine site and comparison to other sites in Madagascar. Malagasy Nat. 3: 44 - 76." type="journal article" year="2010">PHILLIPSON et al. (2010</bibRefCitation>
,
<tableCitation id="C6DF0367817C4342FD0AF8BF58CEF8FD" captionStart="Table 1" captionStartId="3.[116,172,279,299]" captionTargetBox="[116,1447,370,1510]" captionTargetId="graphics-24@3.[116,1454,939,971]" captionText="Table 1. Comparison of Croton L. taxa from the Ambatovy mining area between the PHILLIPSON et al. (2010) floristic survey of the Ambatovy-Analamay mine site and the present study." httpUri="http://table.plazi.org/id/DF226654816B4355FFA7FEAC5ADDFE87" pageId="20" pageNumber="347" tableUuid="DF226654816B4355FFA7FEAC5ADDFE87">Table 1</tableCitation>
), some of the specimens of
<taxonomicName id="4C5D4D5F817C4342FE02F89E5AD0F8FD" box="[465,649,1828,1852]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Euphorbiaceae" genus="Croton" kingdom="Plantae" order="Malpighiales" pageId="20" pageNumber="347" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="hypochalibaeus">
<emphasis id="B929EACE817C4342FE02F89E5AD0F8FD" box="[465,649,1828,1852]" italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="347">C. hypochalibaeus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
listed below were determined either as
<taxonomicName id="4C5D4D5F817C4342FE67F8FE5A64F89D" box="[436,573,1861,1884]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Euphorbiaceae" genus="Croton" kingdom="Plantae" order="Malpighiales" pageId="20" pageNumber="347" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="jennyanus">
<emphasis id="B929EACE817C4342FE67F8FE5A64F89D" box="[436,573,1861,1884]" italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="347">C. jennyanus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName id="4C5D4D5F817C4342FD98F8FE5A93F89D" box="[587,714,1860,1884]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Euphorbiaceae" genus="Croton" kingdom="Plantae" order="Malpighiales" pageId="20" pageNumber="347" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="noronhae">
<emphasis id="B929EACE817C4342FD98F8FE5A93F89D" box="[587,714,1860,1884]" italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="347">C. noronhae</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
,
<emphasis id="B929EACE817C4342FD0BF8FE5AA8F89D" box="[728,753,1861,1884]" italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="347">C.</emphasis>
sp. nov. B
<taxonomicName id="4C5D4D5F817C4342FF09F8DE5937F8BD" box="[218,366,1893,1917]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Euphorbiaceae" genus="Croton" kingdom="Plantae" order="Malpighiales" pageId="20" pageNumber="347" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="jennyanus">
aff.
<emphasis id="B929EACE817C4342FED7F8DE5937F8BD" box="[260,366,1893,1916]" italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="347">jennyanus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, or the nom. nud. “
<taxonomicName id="4C5D4D5F817C4342FD99F8DE588AF85C" authority="Radcl." authorityName="Radcl." class="Magnoliopsida" family="Euphorbiaceae" genus="Croton" kingdom="Plantae" order="Malpighiales" pageId="20" pageNumber="347" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="alceicornu">Croton alceicornu Radcl.</taxonomicName>
-Sm.” These all
<taxonomicName id="4C5D4D5F817C4342FEA4F83E5987F85D" box="[375,478,1925,1949]" form="part" pageId="20" pageNumber="347" rank="form">form part</taxonomicName>
of a complex of small-leaved Crotons in
<collectingCountry id="F34A764C817C4342FC60FEA15C6BFEF3" box="[947,1074,282,306]" name="Madagascar" pageId="20" pageNumber="347">Madagascar</collectingCountry>
that have silvery- or coppery-lepidote leaf undersides and very condensed inflorescences. Just as with the group of large-leaved silvery
<taxonomicName id="4C5D4D5F817C4342FB61FEE75D0BFEB2" box="[1202,1362,347,371]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Euphorbiaceae" genus="Croton" kingdom="Plantae" order="Malpighiales" pageId="20" pageNumber="347" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="undetermined">
<emphasis id="B929EACE817C4342FB61FEE75CA2FEB2" box="[1202,1275,348,371]" italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="347">Croton</emphasis>
species
</taxonomicName>
that were first highlighted by
<bibRefCitation id="EFCC4B2D817C4342FBCBFEC75C89FE55" author="LEANDRI, J." box="[1048,1232,380,404]" pageId="20" pageNumber="347" pagination="403 - 408" refId="ref21788" refString="LEANDRI, J. (1972). Contribution a l'etude des Croton malgaches a grandes feuilles argentees. Adansonia ser. 2, 12: 403 - 408." type="journal article" year="1972">LEANDRI (1972)</bibRefCitation>
, it takes detailed field experience and careful examination of flowering and fruiting material to be able to successfully distinguish among the component species. The true
<taxonomicName id="4C5D4D5F817C4342FB93FE655C9AFE34" box="[1088,1219,478,501]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Euphorbiaceae" genus="Croton" kingdom="Plantae" order="Malpighiales" pageId="20" pageNumber="347" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="jennyanus">
<emphasis id="B929EACE817C4342FB93FE655C9AFE34" box="[1088,1219,478,501]" italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="347">C. jennyanus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
is restricted to northern
<collectingRegion id="4999F83E817C4342FCE8FE455C5BFDD4" box="[827,1026,510,534]" country="Madagascar" name="Antsiranana" pageId="20" pageNumber="347">Antsiranana Prov.</collectingRegion>
at low altitudes and shows less evidence of sylleptic branching than
<emphasis id="B929EACE817C4342FBB5FDA45D78FDF7" box="[1126,1313,542,566]" italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="347">
<taxonomicName id="4C5D4D5F817C4342FBB5FDA45D44FDF7" box="[1126,1309,542,566]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Euphorbiaceae" genus="Croton" kingdom="Plantae" order="Malpighiales" pageId="20" pageNumber="347" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="hypochalibaeus">C. hypochalibaeus</taxonomicName>
.
</emphasis>
Also, its leaves have an acute to mucronate apex and a cuneate to rounded base (vs. an acute to long-acuminate apex and attenuate to cuneate base in
<taxonomicName id="4C5D4D5F817C4342FC0DFD3B5CD3FD59" box="[990,1162,640,664]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Euphorbiaceae" genus="Croton" kingdom="Plantae" order="Malpighiales" pageId="20" pageNumber="347" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="hypochalibaeus">
<emphasis id="B929EACE817C4342FC0DFD3B5CD3FD59" box="[990,1162,640,664]" italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="347">C. hypochalibaeus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
), and the leaves usually dries a nitid green above (vs. a matte gray-green in
<taxonomicName id="4C5D4D5F817C4342FADAFD1A5DEEFD79" box="[1289,1463,672,696]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Euphorbiaceae" genus="Croton" kingdom="Plantae" order="Malpighiales" pageId="20" pageNumber="347" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="hypochalibaeus">
<emphasis id="B929EACE817C4342FADAFD1A5DEEFD79" box="[1289,1463,672,696]" italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="347">C. hypochalibaeus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
), and are ferrugineous-punctate and (silvery) glossy below (vs. brown-punctulate and matte [greenish- or grayish-] white in
<taxonomicName id="4C5D4D5F817C4342FCE8FCB95BB4FCDB" box="[827,1005,770,794]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Euphorbiaceae" genus="Croton" kingdom="Plantae" order="Malpighiales" pageId="20" pageNumber="347" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="hypochalibaeus">
<emphasis id="B929EACE817C4342FCE8FCB95BB4FCDB" box="[827,1005,770,794]" italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="347">C. hypochalibaeus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
). Specimens that were previously identified as “
<taxonomicName id="4C5D4D5F817C4342FC8DFC995C32FCFB" authority="Radcl." authorityName="Radcl." box="[862,1131,802,826]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Euphorbiaceae" genus="Croton" kingdom="Plantae" order="Malpighiales" pageId="20" pageNumber="347" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="alceicornu">Croton alceicornu Radcl.</taxonomicName>
-Sm., ined.” have smaller, rounder leaves than typical
<taxonomicName id="4C5D4D5F817C4342FBD4FCF85CE3FC9A" box="[1031,1210,835,859]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Euphorbiaceae" genus="Croton" kingdom="Plantae" order="Malpighiales" pageId="20" pageNumber="347" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="hypochalibaeus">
<emphasis id="B929EACE817C4342FBD4FCF85CE3FC9A" box="[1031,1210,835,859]" italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="347">C. hypochalibaeus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
specimens, but we could find no consistent differences in floral characters between them. Still, closer study in the field and examination of better reproductive material may in the future justify recognition of a separate taxon for this entity.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BE236DC817C4342FCB2FC5E5D29F966" blockId="20.[827,1478,282,1704]" pageId="20" pageNumber="347">
There are some geographically outlying specimens that are referred here with some reservation; they are represented on the distribution map (
<figureCitation id="13662A59817C4342FBCDFB9D5C36FBFF" box="[1054,1135,1062,1086]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="5.[116,143,1791,1810]" captionTargetBox="[117,1455,285,1615]" captionTargetId="figure-164@5.[117,1455,285,1615]" captionTargetPageId="5" captionText="Fig. 1. Distribution maps. The grey squares or white arrow on the inset maps of Madagascar show the location of the area depicted. A. Croton ferricretus Kainul., B.W. van Ee &amp; P.E. Berry (red); B. Distribution of Croton droguetioides Kainul. &amp; Radcl.-Sm. (turquoise) (Cours 4111 not shown), C. enigmaticus P.E. Berry &amp; B.W. van Ee (light green) (Ralimanana et al. 1402 not shown), C. indrisilvae Kainul., B.W. van Ee &amp; P.E. Berry (yellow), and C. plurispicatus P.E. Berry, Kainul. &amp; B.W. van Ee (light purple); C. Croton ankeranae Kainul. (yellow), C. radiatus P.E. Berry &amp; Kainul. (red), and Croton lasiopyrus Baill. (white). The collection in gray represents presumed hybrids between C. lasiopyrus and C. enigmaticus (van Ee et al. 2215 and 2216); D. Croton hypochalibaeus Baill. in Madagascar. [Google Earth Image © 2016 DigitalGlobe.Reproduced per attribution guidelines]" figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5721811" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5721811/files/figure.png" pageId="20" pageNumber="347">Fig. 1D</figureCitation>
) by the four dots at the northern tip of the island.
<emphasis id="B929EACE817C4342FC21FBF35CDEFB9E" box="[1010,1159,1095,1119]" italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="347">Ranirison 631</emphasis>
from the Ampondrabe forest in Daraina (
<geoCoordinate id="EE69501B817C4342FC68FBDC5C69FBBE" box="[955,1072,1127,1151]" degrees="12" direction="south" minutes="57" orientation="latitude" pageId="20" pageNumber="347" precision="15" seconds="29" value="-12.9580555">12°5729S</geoCoordinate>
<geoCoordinate id="EE69501B817C4342FBE4FBDC5CE9FBBE" box="[1079,1200,1127,1151]" degrees="49" direction="east" minutes="41" orientation="longitude" pageId="20" pageNumber="347" precision="15" seconds="50" value="49.697224">49°4150E</geoCoordinate>
,
<quantity id="4CA59B39817C4342FB69FBDC5CA7FBBE" box="[1210,1278,1127,1151]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.8" pageId="20" pageNumber="347" unit="m" value="580.0">580 m</quantity>
,
<date id="FFE3101C817C4342FADAFBD35DD8FB41" box="[1289,1409,1128,1152]" pageId="20" pageNumber="347" value="2004-04-11">11.IV.2004</date>
, G, P) seems to be a more reduced version of this species in terms of leaf size and compact growth. However, the label alludes to the sylleptic branching pattern that is typical of this species, and the habitat is described as a subhumid, high altitude forest. Similar specimens collected in the Antsahabe forest near Daraina, are
<emphasis id="B929EACE817C4342FC17FA915C3FFA83" box="[964,1126,1322,1346]" italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="347">Nusbaumer 986</emphasis>
, (
<geoCoordinate id="EE69501B817C4342FBA9FA905CA9FA82" box="[1146,1264,1323,1347]" degrees="13" direction="south" minutes="13" orientation="latitude" pageId="20" pageNumber="347" precision="15" seconds="02" value="-13.217222">13°1302S</geoCoordinate>
<geoCoordinate id="EE69501B817C4342FB24FA905D29FA82" box="[1271,1392,1323,1347]" degrees="49" direction="east" minutes="33" orientation="longitude" pageId="20" pageNumber="347" precision="15" seconds="11" value="49.553055">49°3311E</geoCoordinate>
,
<quantity id="4CA59B39817C4342FAAFFA915D98FA83" box="[1404,1473,1322,1346]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="9.5" pageId="20" pageNumber="347" unit="m" value="950.0">950 m</quantity>
,
<date id="FFE3101C817C4342FCE8FAF05BFEFAA2" box="[827,935,1355,1379]" pageId="20" pageNumber="347" value="2004-01-15">15.I.2004</date>
, G, P) and
<emphasis id="B929EACE817C4342FBFAFAF05D63FAA2" box="[1065,1338,1355,1379]" italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="347">Rakotondrafara et al. 358</emphasis>
(
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<geoCoordinate id="EE69501B817C4342FCE8FAD75BEDFA45" box="[827,948,1388,1412]" degrees="49" direction="east" minutes="33" orientation="longitude" pageId="20" pageNumber="347" precision="15" seconds="02" value="49.550556">49°3302E</geoCoordinate>
,
<quantity id="4CA59B39817C4342FC6CFAD75C5AFA42" box="[959,1027,1388,1412]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="7.9" pageId="20" pageNumber="347" unit="m" value="790.0">790 m</quantity>
,
<date id="FFE3101C817C4342FBDDFAD05C22FA42" box="[1038,1147,1387,1411]" pageId="20" pageNumber="347" value="2005-11-01">1.XI.2005</date>
, MO, P). On the northwestern side of the island,
<emphasis id="B929EACE817C4342FC25FA375CF6FA65" box="[1014,1199,1420,1444]" italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="347">Harder et al. 1590</emphasis>
, from Montagne dAmbre (
<geoCoordinate id="EE69501B817C4342FC90FA165BE2FA04" box="[835,955,1453,1477]" degrees="12" direction="south" minutes="30" orientation="latitude" pageId="20" pageNumber="347" precision="15" seconds="48" value="-12.513333">12°3048”S</geoCoordinate>
<geoCoordinate id="EE69501B817C4342FC11FA175C67FA05" box="[962,1086,1452,1476]" degrees="49" direction="east" minutes="10" orientation="longitude" pageId="20" pageNumber="347" precision="15" seconds="59" value="49.183056">49°1059”E</geoCoordinate>
,
<quantity id="4CA59B39817C4342FB99FA165CD6FA05" box="[1098,1167,1453,1477]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="9.9" pageId="20" pageNumber="347" unit="m" value="990.0">990 m</quantity>
,
<date id="FFE3101C817C4342FB4FFA175D4CFA05" box="[1180,1301,1452,1476]" pageId="20" pageNumber="347" value="1993-04-15">15.IV.1993</date>
, MO, P), is also a close match to this species, but since it is the only collection we have seen from this isolated massif, we would like to see further material to confirm its presence there. Finally,
<emphasis id="B929EACE817C4342FCE8F9955B80F987" box="[827,985,1582,1606]" italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="347">Burivalova 186</emphasis>
, from Andrafiamena, Anjahankely, (
<geoCoordinate id="EE69501B817C4342FA82F9955D9CF987" box="[1361,1477,1582,1606]" degrees="12" direction="south" minutes="54" orientation="latitude" pageId="20" pageNumber="347" precision="15" seconds="60" value="-12.916666">12°5460”S</geoCoordinate>
<geoCoordinate id="EE69501B817C4342FCE8F9F45BE3F9A6" box="[827,954,1615,1639]" degrees="49" direction="east" minutes="21" orientation="longitude" pageId="20" pageNumber="347" precision="15" seconds="47" value="49.363052">49°2147”E</geoCoordinate>
,
<quantity id="4CA59B39817C4342FC14F9F45C49F9A7" box="[967,1040,1615,1639]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="7.26" pageId="20" pageNumber="347" unit="m" value="726.0">726 m</quantity>
,
<date id="FFE3101C817C4342FBCFF9F45C22F9A6" box="[1052,1147,1615,1639]" pageId="20" pageNumber="347" value="2010-01-07">7.I.2010</date>
, G, P), may also belong here, but again, it would be helpful to see additional specimens to confirm its presence in this part of
<collectingRegion id="4999F83E817C4342FB63F92B5D29F966" box="[1200,1392,1680,1704]" country="Madagascar" name="Antsiranana" pageId="20" pageNumber="347">Antsiranana Prov.</collectingRegion>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BE236DC817C4341FCB2F9745AD9F847" blockId="20.[827,1478,1743,1953]" lastBlockId="23.[116,768,280,1926]" lastPageId="23" lastPageNumber="350" pageId="20" pageNumber="347">
<emphasis id="B929EACE817C4342FCB2F9745C33F923" box="[865,1130,1743,1762]" italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="347">Additional specimens examined.</emphasis>
<materialsCitation id="3B353C81817C4342FBADF9745D9CF8D8" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3420017440" collectionCode="MICH, MO, P, TAN" collectorName="Andrianjafy" country="Madagascar" county="Ankazobe Distr." elevation="1492" latitude="-18.102777" location="Firarazana" longLatPrecision="21" longitude="47.18667" municipality="Ankazobe" pageId="20" pageNumber="347" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Prov. Antananarivo">
<emphasis id="B929EACE817C4342FBADF9745D9DF923" bold="true" box="[1150,1476,1743,1762]" pageId="20" pageNumber="347">
<collectingCountry id="F34A764C817C4342FBADF9745CA7F921" box="[1150,1278,1743,1762]" name="Madagascar" pageId="20" pageNumber="347">MADAGASCAR</collectingCountry>
.
<collectingRegion id="4999F83E817C4342FAD9F9745DE5F923" box="[1290,1468,1743,1762]" pageId="20" pageNumber="347">Prov. Antananarivo</collectingRegion>
:
</emphasis>
<collectingRegion id="4999F83E817C4342FCE8F9515BB2F93C" box="[827,1003,1770,1789]" pageId="20" pageNumber="347">Analamanga Region</collectingRegion>
,
<collectingCounty id="62834E50817C4342FC20F9515CD8F93C" box="[1011,1153,1770,1789]" pageId="20" pageNumber="347">Ankazobe Distr.</collectingCounty>
,
<collectingMunicipality id="6B86ACA6817C4342FB5BF9515C86F93C" box="[1160,1247,1770,1789]" pageId="20" pageNumber="347">Ankazobe</collectingMunicipality>
,
<location id="8E826007817C4342FB3BF9515D1DF93C" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03F487CA81794341FCF7FEE15AD9F847:8E826007817C4342FB3BF9515D1DF93C" box="[1256,1348,1770,1789]" country="Madagascar" county="Ankazobe Distr." latitude="-18.102777" longLatPrecision="21" longitude="47.18667" municipality="Ankazobe" name="Firarazana" pageId="20" pageNumber="347" stateProvince="Prov. Antananarivo">Firarazana</location>
,
<location id="8E826007817C4342FA98F9515B0AF8D8" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03F487CA81794341FCF7FEE15AD9F847:8E826007817C4342FA98F9515B0AF8D8" country="Madagascar" county="Ankazobe Distr." latitude="-18.102777" longLatPrecision="21" longitude="47.18667" municipality="Ankazobe" name="Ankafobe forest" pageId="20" pageNumber="347" stateProvince="Prov. Antananarivo">Ankafobe forest</location>
,
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<geoCoordinate id="EE69501B817C4342FC69F8BE5C40F8D9" box="[954,1049,1797,1816]" degrees="47" direction="east" minutes="11" orientation="longitude" pageId="20" pageNumber="347" precision="15" seconds="12" value="47.18667">47°1112”E</geoCoordinate>
,
<quantity id="4CA59B39817C4342FBF2F8BE5C3BF8D8" box="[1057,1122,1797,1817]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.4919999999999998" pageId="20" pageNumber="347" unit="m" value="1492.0">
<elevation id="0070D1EF817C4342FBF2F8BE5C3BF8D8" box="[1057,1122,1797,1817]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.4919999999999998" pageId="20" pageNumber="347" unit="m" value="1492.0">1492 m</elevation>
</quantity>
,
<emphasis id="B929EACE817C4342FBBAF8BE5CA0F8D9" box="[1129,1273,1797,1816]" italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="347">
<collectorName id="26A8530A817C4342FBBAF8BE5C93F8D9" box="[1129,1226,1797,1816]" pageId="20" pageNumber="347">Andrianjafy</collectorName>
1910
</emphasis>
(
<collectionCode id="ED4CAE19817C4342FAD7F8BE5D1AF8D9" box="[1284,1347,1797,1816]" country="USA" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15602" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15602" name="University of Michigan" pageId="20" pageNumber="347" type="Herbarium">MICH</collectionCode>
,
<collectionCode id="ED4CAE19817C4342FA98F8BE5D28F8D9" box="[1355,1393,1797,1816]" country="USA" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15859" name="Missouri Botanical Garden" pageId="20" pageNumber="347" type="Herbarium">MO</collectionCode>
,
<collectionCode id="ED4CAE19817C4342FAAAF8BD5DDDF8D8" box="[1401,1412,1798,1817]" country="France" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15763" name="Museum National d' Histoire Naturelle, Paris (MNHN) - Vascular Plants" pageId="20" pageNumber="347" type="Herbarium">P</collectionCode>
,
<collectionCode id="ED4CAE19817C4342FA59F8BE5DE1F8D9" box="[1418,1464,1797,1816]" country="Madagascar" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:13842" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:13842" name="Parc de Tsimbazaza" pageId="20" pageNumber="347" type="Herbarium">TAN</collectionCode>
);
</materialsCitation>
<materialsCitation id="3B353C81817C4342FCE8F89B5CECF8F5" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3420017468" box="[827,1205,1824,1844]" collectionCode="MO, P, TAN" collectorName="Andrianjafy" country="Madagascar" county="Ankazobe Distr." elevation="1492" latitude="-18.102777" location="Firarazana" longLatPrecision="21" longitude="47.18667" municipality="Ankazobe" pageId="20" pageNumber="347" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Prov. Antananarivo">
<emphasis id="B929EACE817C4342FCE8F89B5BDAF8F2" box="[827,899,1824,1843]" italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="347">ibid. loc.</emphasis>
,
<emphasis id="B929EACE817C4342FC5FF89B5C7CF8F5" box="[908,1061,1824,1844]" italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="347">
<collectorName id="26A8530A817C4342FC5FF89B5BAAF8F2" box="[908,1011,1824,1843]" pageId="20" pageNumber="347">Andrianjafy</collectorName>
1914
</emphasis>
(
<collectionCode id="ED4CAE19817C4342FBE2F89A5C00F8F5" box="[1073,1113,1825,1844]" country="USA" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15859" name="Missouri Botanical Garden" pageId="20" pageNumber="347" type="Herbarium">MO</collectionCode>
,
<collectionCode id="ED4CAE19817C4342FBB0F89A5C37F8F5" box="[1123,1134,1825,1844]" country="France" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15763" name="Museum National d' Histoire Naturelle, Paris (MNHN) - Vascular Plants" pageId="20" pageNumber="347" type="Herbarium">P</collectionCode>
,
<collectionCode id="ED4CAE19817C4342FBA4F89A5CFEF8F5" box="[1143,1191,1825,1844]" country="Madagascar" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:13842" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:13842" name="Parc de Tsimbazaza" pageId="20" pageNumber="347" type="Herbarium">TAN</collectionCode>
);
</materialsCitation>
<materialsCitation id="3B353C81817C4342FB68F89B5B07F88E" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3420017410" collectingDate="1955-11" collectionCode="P" collectorName="Bosser" country="Madagascar" county="Ankazobe Distr." elevation="1492" latitude="-18.102777" location="Firarazana" longLatPrecision="21" longitude="47.18667" municipality="Ankazobe" pageId="20" pageNumber="347" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Prov. Antananarivo">
<emphasis id="B929EACE817C4342FB68F89B5CA5F8F2" box="[1211,1276,1824,1843]" italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="347">ibid. loc</emphasis>
.,
<date id="FFE3101C817C4342FADEF89B5D0EF8F2" box="[1293,1367,1824,1843]" pageId="20" pageNumber="347" value="1955-11">
<collectingDate id="EFA7E9F4817C4342FADEF89B5D0EF8F2" box="[1293,1367,1824,1843]" pageId="20" pageNumber="347" value="1955-11">XI.1955</collectingDate>
</date>
,
<emphasis id="B929EACE817C4342FAB3F89A5D9CF8F2" box="[1376,1477,1824,1843]" italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="347">
<collectorName id="26A8530A817C4342FAB3F89A5DCAF8F2" box="[1376,1427,1825,1843]" pageId="20" pageNumber="347">Bosser</collectorName>
8596
</emphasis>
(
<collectionCode id="ED4CAE19817C4342FC91F8875B09F88E" box="[834,848,1852,1871]" country="France" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15763" name="Museum National d' Histoire Naturelle, Paris (MNHN) - Vascular Plants" pageId="20" pageNumber="347" type="Herbarium">P</collectionCode>
);
</materialsCitation>
<materialsCitation id="3B353C81817C4342FCB7F8875D3CF88E" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3420017416" box="[868,1381,1852,1871]" collectingDate="1972-11-02" collectionCode="P" collectorName="Debray" location="Mandraka" pageId="20" pageNumber="347" specimenCount="1">
<location id="8E826007817C4342FCB7F8875BE7F88E" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03F487CA81794341FCF7FEE15AD9F847:8E826007817C4342FCB7F8875BE7F88E" box="[868,958,1852,1871]" name="Mandraka" pageId="20" pageNumber="347">Mandraka</location>
,
<location id="8E826007817C4342FC14F8875C3FF88E" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03F487CA81794341FCF7FEE15AD9F847:8E826007817C4342FC14F8875C3FF88E" box="[967,1126,1852,1871]" municipality="Mandraka" name="route de Tamatave" pageId="20" pageNumber="347">route de Tamatave</location>
,
<date id="FFE3101C817C4342FBBCF8875C9EF88E" box="[1135,1223,1852,1871]" pageId="20" pageNumber="347" value="1972-11-02">
<collectingDate id="EFA7E9F4817C4342FBBCF8875C9EF88E" box="[1135,1223,1852,1871]" pageId="20" pageNumber="347" value="1972-11-02">2.XI.1972</collectingDate>
</date>
,
<emphasis id="B929EACE817C4342FB03F8875D65F88E" box="[1232,1340,1852,1871]" italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="347">
<collectorName id="26A8530A817C4342FB03F8875D55F88E" box="[1232,1292,1852,1871]" pageId="20" pageNumber="347">Debray</collectorName>
1848
</emphasis>
(
<collectionCode id="ED4CAE19817C4342FA9BF8875D0FF88E" box="[1352,1366,1852,1871]" country="France" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15763" name="Museum National d' Histoire Naturelle, Paris (MNHN) - Vascular Plants" pageId="20" pageNumber="347" type="Herbarium">P</collectionCode>
);
</materialsCitation>
<materialsCitation id="3B353C81817C4342FAB9F8875C05F8AB" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3420017403" collectingDate="1943-04-29" collectionCode="K, P" collectorName="Decary" location="Ankazobe" municipality="Ankazobe" pageId="20" pageNumber="347" specimenCount="1">
<collectingMunicipality id="6B86ACA6817C4342FAB9F8875D9BF88E" box="[1386,1474,1852,1871]" pageId="20" pageNumber="347">Ankazobe</collectingMunicipality>
,
<date id="FFE3101C817C4342FCE8F8EC5BC5F8AB" box="[827,924,1879,1898]" pageId="20" pageNumber="347" value="1943-04-29">
<collectingDate id="EFA7E9F4817C4342FCE8F8EC5BC5F8AB" box="[827,924,1879,1898]" pageId="20" pageNumber="347" value="1943-04-29">29.IV.1943</collectingDate>
</date>
,
<emphasis id="B929EACE817C4342FC76F8EC5C43F8AB" box="[933,1050,1879,1898]" italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="347">
<collectorName id="26A8530A817C4342FC76F8EC5B86F8A8" box="[933,991,1879,1897]" pageId="20" pageNumber="347">Decary</collectorName>
19358
</emphasis>
(
<collectionCode id="ED4CAE19817C4342FBF5F8EC5C6EF8AB" box="[1062,1079,1879,1898]" country="United Kingdom" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15867" name="Royal Botanic Gardens" pageId="20" pageNumber="347" type="Herbarium">K</collectionCode>
,
<collectionCode id="ED4CAE19817C4342FB93F8EC5C14F8AB" box="[1088,1101,1879,1898]" country="France" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15763" name="Museum National d' Histoire Naturelle, Paris (MNHN) - Vascular Plants" pageId="20" pageNumber="347" type="Herbarium">P</collectionCode>
);
</materialsCitation>
<materialsCitation id="3B353C81817C4342FBB2F8EC5C9EF844" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3420017383" collectingDate="1990-12-05" collectionCode="K, MO" collectorName="Gillespie" elevation="1500" latitude="-18.1" location="Ankazobe" longLatPrecision="1276" longitude="47.183334" municipality="Ankazobe" pageId="20" pageNumber="347" specimenCount="1">
<locationDeviation id="9A502FFE817C4342FBB2F8EC5C96F8AB" bearing="22.5" box="[1121,1231,1879,1898]" distance="25000.0" pageId="20" pageNumber="347">
<quantity id="4CA59B39817C4342FBB2F8EC5CC0F8AB" box="[1121,1177,1879,1898]" metricMagnitude="4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.5" pageId="20" pageNumber="347" unit="km" value="25.0">25 km</quantity>
NNE
</locationDeviation>
<collectingMunicipality id="6B86ACA6817C4342FB06F8EC5D74F8AB" box="[1237,1325,1879,1898]" pageId="20" pageNumber="347">Ankazobe</collectingMunicipality>
,
<geoCoordinate id="EE69501B817C4342FAE5F8EC5D2EF8AB" box="[1334,1399,1879,1898]" degrees="18" direction="south" minutes="06" orientation="latitude" pageId="20" pageNumber="347" precision="925" value="-18.1">18°06S</geoCoordinate>
<geoCoordinate id="EE69501B817C4342FAAEF8EC5D9BF8AB" box="[1405,1474,1879,1898]" degrees="47" direction="east" minutes="11" orientation="longitude" pageId="20" pageNumber="347" precision="925" value="47.183334">47°11E</geoCoordinate>
, c.
<quantity id="4CA59B39817C4342FC9EF8C95BD7F844" box="[845,910,1906,1925]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.5" pageId="20" pageNumber="347" unit="m" value="1500.0">
<elevation id="0070D1EF817C4342FC9EF8C95BD7F844" box="[845,910,1906,1925]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.5" pageId="20" pageNumber="347" unit="m" value="1500.0">1500 m</elevation>
</quantity>
,
<date id="FFE3101C817C4342FC45F8C95BADF844" box="[918,1012,1906,1925]" pageId="20" pageNumber="347" value="1990-12-05">
<collectingDate id="EFA7E9F4817C4342FC45F8C95BADF844" box="[918,1012,1906,1925]" pageId="20" pageNumber="347" value="1990-12-05">5.XII.1990</collectingDate>
</date>
,
<emphasis id="B929EACE817C4342FC2FF8C95C36F844" box="[1020,1135,1906,1925]" italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="347">
<collectorName id="26A8530A817C4342FC2FF8C95C19F844" box="[1020,1088,1906,1925]" pageId="20" pageNumber="347">Gillespie</collectorName>
4106
</emphasis>
(
<collectionCode id="ED4CAE19817C4342FBA9F8C95CD3F844" box="[1146,1162,1906,1925]" country="United Kingdom" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15867" name="Royal Botanic Gardens" pageId="20" pageNumber="347" type="Herbarium">K</collectionCode>
,
<collectionCode id="ED4CAE19817C4342FB40F8C95CE3F844" box="[1171,1210,1906,1925]" country="USA" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15859" name="Missouri Botanical Garden" pageId="20" pageNumber="347" type="Herbarium">MO</collectionCode>
);
</materialsCitation>
<materialsCitation id="3B353C81817C4342FB1FF8C95C33F860" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3420017330" collectingDate="1933-10" collectionCode="G, P" collectorName="Humbert" elevation="1600" location="Ambohitantely forest" pageId="20" pageNumber="347" specimenCount="1">
<location id="8E826007817C4342FB1FF8C95DD8F844" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03F487CA81794341FCF7FEE15AD9F847:8E826007817C4342FB1FF8C95DD8F844" box="[1228,1409,1906,1925]" name="Ambohitantely forest" pageId="20" pageNumber="347">Ambohitantely forest</location>
, c.
<quantity id="4CA59B39817C4342FA48F8C95B14F860" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.6" pageId="20" pageNumber="347" unit="m" value="1600.0">
<elevation id="0070D1EF817C4342FA48F8C95B14F860" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.6" pageId="20" pageNumber="347" unit="m" value="1600.0">1600 m</elevation>
</quantity>
,
<date id="FFE3101C817C4342FC85F8365BCEF861" box="[854,919,1933,1952]" pageId="20" pageNumber="347" value="1933-10">
<collectingDate id="EFA7E9F4817C4342FC85F8365BCEF861" box="[854,919,1933,1952]" pageId="20" pageNumber="347" value="1933-10">X.1933</collectingDate>
</date>
,
<emphasis id="B929EACE817C4342FC73F8365C7FF861" box="[928,1062,1933,1952]" italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="347">
<taxonomicName id="4C5D4D5F817C4342FC73F8365BB3F861" authorityName="Wahl &amp; Sime" authorityYear="2002" box="[928,1002,1933,1952]" class="Insecta" family="Ichneumonidae" genus="Humbert" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="20" pageNumber="347" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<collectorName id="26A8530A817C4342FC73F8365BB3F861" box="[928,1002,1933,1952]" pageId="20" pageNumber="347">Humbert</collectorName>
</taxonomicName>
11111
</emphasis>
(
<collectionCode id="ED4CAE19817C4342FBE1F8365C1DF861" box="[1074,1092,1933,1952]" country="Switzerland" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15706" name="Conservatoire et Jardin botaniques de la Ville de Genève" pageId="20" pageNumber="347" type="Herbarium">G</collectionCode>
,
<collectionCode id="ED4CAE19817C4342FB9DF8365C05F861" box="[1102,1116,1933,1952]" country="France" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15763" name="Museum National d' Histoire Naturelle, Paris (MNHN) - Vascular Plants" pageId="20" pageNumber="347" type="Herbarium">P</collectionCode>
);
</materialsCitation>
<materialsCitation id="3B353C81817C4341FBA3F83659B0FEED" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3420017306" collectingDate="2007-04-13" collectionCode="MO, P" collectorName="Rakotoarivelo" lastPageId="23" lastPageNumber="350" latitude="-18.105278" location="Manjato forest" longLatPrecision="21" longitude="47.246944" pageId="20" pageNumber="347" specimenCount="1">
<location id="8E826007817C4342FBA3F8365CABF861" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03F487CA81794341FCF7FEE15AD9F847:8E826007817C4342FBA3F8365CABF861" box="[1136,1266,1933,1952]" latitude="-18.105278" longLatPrecision="21" longitude="47.246944" name="Manjato forest" pageId="20" pageNumber="347">Manjato forest</location>
,
<geoCoordinate id="EE69501B817C4342FB29F8365D00F861" box="[1274,1369,1933,1952]" degrees="18" direction="south" minutes="06" orientation="latitude" pageId="20" pageNumber="347" precision="15" seconds="19" value="-18.105278">18°0619”S</geoCoordinate>
<geoCoordinate id="EE69501B817C4342FA8CF8365D9BF861" box="[1375,1474,1933,1952]" degrees="47" direction="east" minutes="14" orientation="longitude" pageId="20" pageNumber="347" precision="15" seconds="49" value="47.246944">47°1449”E</geoCoordinate>
,
<date id="FFE3101C817F4341FFA7FEA35887FEEA" box="[116,222,280,299]" pageId="23" pageNumber="350" value="2007-04-13">
<collectingDate id="EFA7E9F4817F4341FFA7FEA35887FEEA" box="[116,222,280,299]" pageId="23" pageNumber="350" value="2007-04-13">13.IV.2007</collectingDate>
</date>
,
<emphasis id="B929EACE817F4341FF38FEA359DCFEEA" box="[235,389,280,299]" italics="true" pageId="23" pageNumber="350">
<collectorName id="26A8530A817F4341FF38FEA3593EFEEA" box="[235,359,280,299]" pageId="23" pageNumber="350">Rakotoarivelo</collectorName>
62
</emphasis>
(
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,
<date id="FFE3101C817F4341FF11FD86594EFD91" box="[194,279,573,592]" pageId="23" pageNumber="350" value="1955-01-15">
<collectingDate id="EFA7E9F4817F4341FF11FD86594EFD91" box="[194,279,573,592]" pageId="23" pageNumber="350" value="1955-01-15">15.I.1955</collectingDate>
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,
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<collectorName id="26A8530A817F4341FEF2FD865988FD90" box="[289,465,573,593]" pageId="23" pageNumber="350">
<taxonomicName id="4C5D4D5F817F4341FEF2FD865935FD91" authority="Capuron" authorityName="Wahl &amp; Sime" authorityYear="2002" box="[289,364,573,592]" class="Insecta" family="Ichneumonidae" genus="Humbert" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="23" pageNumber="350" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Humbert</taxonomicName>
&amp; Capuron
</collectorName>
28034
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(
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,
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);
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[
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<collectingRegion id="4999F83E817F4341FD8FFD865AA2FD91" box="[604,763,573,592]" pageId="23" pageNumber="350">Ihorombe Region</collectingRegion>
,
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<location id="8E826007817F4341FF23FDE35942FDAA" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03F487CA81794341FCF7FEE15AD9F847:8E826007817F4341FF23FDE35942FDAA" box="[240,283,600,619]" county="Ihosy Distr." name="Isalo" pageId="23" pageNumber="350" stateProvince="Ihorombe Region">Isalo</location>
,
<location id="8E826007817F4341FEF5FDE3598AFDAA" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03F487CA81794341FCF7FEE15AD9F847:8E826007817F4341FEF5FDE3598AFDAA" box="[294,467,600,619]" county="Ihosy Distr." name="Canyon des Singes" pageId="23" pageNumber="350" stateProvince="Ihorombe Region">Canyon des Singes</location>
,
<collectingDate id="EFA7E9F4817F4341FE0DFDE35A74FDAA" box="[478,557,600,619]" pageId="23" pageNumber="350">15.IV.67</collectingDate>
,
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<collectorName id="26A8530A817F4341FDEBFDE25AC9FDAA" box="[568,656,601,619]" pageId="23" pageNumber="350">Jacquemin</collectorName>
H280J
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(
<collectionCode id="ED4CAE19817F4341FD0DFDE35AB6FDAA" box="[734,751,600,619]" country="United Kingdom" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15867" name="Royal Botanic Gardens" pageId="23" pageNumber="350" type="Herbarium">K</collectionCode>
);
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<materialsCitation id="3B353C81817F4341FFA7FDC85895FD60" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3420017412" collectingDate="1994-11-04" collectionCode="K, MO" collectorName="Lewis &amp; McDonagh" county="Ihosy Distr." elevation="800" latitude="-22.483334" location="Isalo" longLatPrecision="1260" longitude="45.383335" pageId="23" pageNumber="350" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Ihorombe Region">
<emphasis id="B929EACE817F4341FFA7FDC858E4FD47" box="[116,189,627,646]" italics="true" pageId="23" pageNumber="350">ibid. loc.</emphasis>
,
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<geoCoordinate id="EE69501B817F4341FEC3FDC8590EFD47" box="[272,343,627,646]" degrees="45" direction="east" minutes="23" orientation="longitude" pageId="23" pageNumber="350" precision="925" value="45.383335">45°23E</geoCoordinate>
, c.
<quantity id="4CA59B39817F4341FEA6FDC859F6FD47" box="[373,431,627,646]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="8.0" pageId="23" pageNumber="350" unit="m" value="800.0">
<elevation id="0070D1EF817F4341FEA6FDC859F6FD47" box="[373,431,627,646]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="8.0" pageId="23" pageNumber="350" unit="m" value="800.0">800 m</elevation>
</quantity>
,
<date id="FFE3101C817F4341FE6AFDC85A4DFD47" box="[441,532,627,646]" pageId="23" pageNumber="350" value="1994-11-04">
<collectingDate id="EFA7E9F4817F4341FE6AFDC85A4DFD47" box="[441,532,627,646]" pageId="23" pageNumber="350" value="1994-11-04">4.XI.1994</collectingDate>
</date>
,
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<collectorName id="26A8530A817F4341FDCDFDC85A94FD47" box="[542,717,627,646]" pageId="23" pageNumber="350">Lewis &amp; McDonagh</collectorName>
1260
</emphasis>
(
<collectionCode id="ED4CAE19817F4341FFA8FD3558D5FD60" box="[123,140,654,673]" country="United Kingdom" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15867" name="Royal Botanic Gardens" pageId="23" pageNumber="350" type="Herbarium">K</collectionCode>
,
<collectionCode id="ED4CAE19817F4341FF46FD3558E5FD60" box="[149,188,654,673]" country="USA" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15859" name="Missouri Botanical Garden" pageId="23" pageNumber="350" type="Herbarium">MO</collectionCode>
);
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[
<materialsCitation id="3B353C81817F4341FF05FD365952FD17" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3420017466" collectingDate="1991-11-12" collectionCode="MICH, MO, P" collectorName="Malcomber et al." county="Ifanadiana Distr." elevation="1100" latitude="-21.25" location="Parc National Ranomafana" longLatPrecision="1264" longitude="47.45" pageId="23" pageNumber="350" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Vatovavy-Fitovinany Region">
<collectingRegion id="4999F83E817F4341FF05FD36598FFD61" box="[214,470,653,672]" pageId="23" pageNumber="350">Vatovavy-Fitovinany Region</collectingRegion>
,
<collectingCounty id="62834E50817F4341FE33FD365A20FD61" box="[480,633,653,672]" pageId="23" pageNumber="350">Ifanadiana Distr.</collectingCounty>
],
<location id="8E826007817F4341FD55FD3558BBFD7A" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03F487CA81794341FCF7FEE15AD9F847:8E826007817F4341FD55FD3558BBFD7A" county="Ifanadiana Distr." latitude="-21.25" longLatPrecision="1264" longitude="47.45" name="Parc National Ranomafana" pageId="23" pageNumber="350" stateProvince="Vatovavy-Fitovinany Region">Parc National Ranomafana</location>
,
<geoCoordinate id="EE69501B817F4341FF38FD135972FD7A" box="[235,299,680,699]" degrees="21" direction="south" minutes="15" orientation="latitude" pageId="23" pageNumber="350" precision="925" value="-21.25">21°15S</geoCoordinate>
<geoCoordinate id="EE69501B817F4341FEE1FD13592FFD7A" box="[306,374,680,699]" degrees="47" direction="east" minutes="27" orientation="longitude" pageId="23" pageNumber="350" precision="925" value="47.45">47°27E</geoCoordinate>
, c.
<quantity id="4CA59B39817F4341FE41FD13598DFD7D" box="[402,468,680,700]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.1" pageId="23" pageNumber="350" unit="m" value="1100.0">
<elevation id="0070D1EF817F4341FE41FD13598DFD7D" box="[402,468,680,700]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.1" pageId="23" pageNumber="350" unit="m" value="1100.0">1100 m</elevation>
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,
<date id="FFE3101C817F4341FE0EFD135A66FD7A" box="[477,575,680,699]" pageId="23" pageNumber="350" value="1991-11-12">
<collectingDate id="EFA7E9F4817F4341FE0EFD135A66FD7A" box="[477,575,680,699]" pageId="23" pageNumber="350" value="1991-11-12">12.XI.1991</collectingDate>
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,
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<collectorName id="26A8530A817F4341FD9BFD135A89FD7A" box="[584,720,680,699]" pageId="23" pageNumber="350">Malcomber et al.</collectorName>
1052
</emphasis>
(
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,
<collectionCode id="ED4CAE19817F4341FF10FD7858B0FD17" box="[195,233,707,726]" country="USA" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15859" name="Missouri Botanical Garden" pageId="23" pageNumber="350" type="Herbarium">MO</collectionCode>
,
<collectionCode id="ED4CAE19817F4341FF21FD785959FD17" box="[242,256,707,726]" country="France" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15763" name="Museum National d' Histoire Naturelle, Paris (MNHN) - Vascular Plants" pageId="23" pageNumber="350" type="Herbarium">P</collectionCode>
).
</materialsCitation>
<materialsCitation id="3B353C81817F4341FEDCFD785998FCCD" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3420017437" collectingDate="2005-10-30" collectionCode="G, K, MO, P, TAN" collectorName="Antilahimena &amp; Edmond" county="Moramanga Distr." elevation="1095" latitude="-18.858889" location="Ambatovy" longLatPrecision="21" longitude="48.317223" pageId="23" pageNumber="350" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Prov. Toamasina">
<emphasis id="B929EACE817F4341FEDCFD7859F2FD17" bold="true" box="[271,427,707,726]" pageId="23" pageNumber="350">
<collectingRegion id="4999F83E817F4341FEDCFD7859FAFD17" box="[271,419,707,726]" pageId="23" pageNumber="350">Prov. Toamasina</collectingRegion>
:
</emphasis>
<collectingRegion id="4999F83E817F4341FE63FD785AD7FD17" box="[432,654,707,726]" pageId="23" pageNumber="350">Alaotra-Mangoro Region</collectingRegion>
,
<collectingCounty id="62834E50817F4341FD45FD7858FEFD31" pageId="23" pageNumber="350">Moramanga Distr.</collectingCounty>
,
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,
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,
<quantity id="4CA59B39817F4341FE0CFD665A78FD30" box="[479,545,733,753]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.095" pageId="23" pageNumber="350" unit="m" value="1095.0">
<elevation id="0070D1EF817F4341FE0CFD665A78FD30" box="[479,545,733,753]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.095" pageId="23" pageNumber="350" unit="m" value="1095.0">1095 m</elevation>
</quantity>
,
<date id="FFE3101C817F4341FDF9FD665ADDFD31" box="[554,644,733,752]" pageId="23" pageNumber="350" value="2005-10-30">
<collectingDate id="EFA7E9F4817F4341FDF9FD665ADDFD31" box="[554,644,733,752]" pageId="23" pageNumber="350" value="2005-10-30">30.X.2005</collectingDate>
</date>
,
<emphasis id="B929EACE817F4341FD5DFD66595BFCCA" italics="true" pageId="23" pageNumber="350">
<collectorName id="26A8530A817F4341FD5DFD66588BFCCA" pageId="23" pageNumber="350">Antilahimena &amp; Edmond</collectorName>
3894
</emphasis>
(
<collectionCode id="ED4CAE19817F4341FEDDFD435979FCCA" box="[270,288,760,779]" country="Switzerland" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15706" name="Conservatoire et Jardin botaniques de la Ville de Genève" pageId="23" pageNumber="350" type="Herbarium">G</collectionCode>
,
<collectionCode id="ED4CAE19817F4341FEFAFD425960FCCD" box="[297,313,761,780]" country="United Kingdom" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15867" name="Royal Botanic Gardens" pageId="23" pageNumber="350" type="Herbarium">K</collectionCode>
,
<collectionCode id="ED4CAE19817F4341FE91FD435930FCCA" box="[322,361,760,779]" country="USA" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15859" name="Missouri Botanical Garden" pageId="23" pageNumber="350" type="Herbarium">MO</collectionCode>
,
<collectionCode id="ED4CAE19817F4341FEA1FD425924FCCD" box="[370,381,761,780]" country="France" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15763" name="Museum National d' Histoire Naturelle, Paris (MNHN) - Vascular Plants" pageId="23" pageNumber="350" type="Herbarium">P</collectionCode>
,
<collectionCode id="ED4CAE19817F4341FE56FD4359EDFCCA" box="[389,436,760,779]" country="Madagascar" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:13842" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:13842" name="Parc de Tsimbazaza" pageId="23" pageNumber="350" type="Herbarium">TAN</collectionCode>
);
</materialsCitation>
<materialsCitation id="3B353C81817F4341FE15FD43591BFCE7" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3420017338" collectingDate="2005-10-21" collectionCode="K, MO" collectorName="Antilahimena &amp; Edmond" county="Moramanga Distr." elevation="1095" latitude="-18.858889" location="Ambatovy" longLatPrecision="21" longitude="48.317223" pageId="23" pageNumber="350" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Prov. Toamasina">
<emphasis id="B929EACE817F4341FE15FD435A52FCCA" box="[454,523,760,779]" italics="true" pageId="23" pageNumber="350">ibid. loc.</emphasis>
,
<date id="FFE3101C817F4341FDC0FD435A37FCCA" box="[531,622,760,779]" pageId="23" pageNumber="350" value="2005-10-21">
<collectingDate id="EFA7E9F4817F4341FDC0FD435A37FCCA" box="[531,622,760,779]" pageId="23" pageNumber="350" value="2005-10-21">21.X.2005</collectingDate>
</date>
,
<emphasis id="B929EACE817F4341FDA4FD4358B0FCE7" italics="true" pageId="23" pageNumber="350">
<collectorName id="26A8530A817F4341FDA4FD435ABEFCCA" box="[631,743,760,779]" pageId="23" pageNumber="350">Antilahimena</collectorName>
&amp;
<collectorName id="26A8530A817F4341FFA7FCA858E0FCE7" box="[116,185,787,806]" pageId="23" pageNumber="350">Edmond</collectorName>
4091
</emphasis>
(
<collectionCode id="ED4CAE19817F4341FF27FCA8595CFCE7" box="[244,261,787,806]" country="United Kingdom" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15867" name="Royal Botanic Gardens" pageId="23" pageNumber="350" type="Herbarium">K</collectionCode>
,
<collectionCode id="ED4CAE19817F4341FEDEFCA8596DFCE7" box="[269,308,787,806]" country="USA" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15859" name="Missouri Botanical Garden" pageId="23" pageNumber="350" type="Herbarium">MO</collectionCode>
);
</materialsCitation>
<materialsCitation id="3B353C81817F4341FE95FCA859C4FC80" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3420017322" collectingDate="2007-01-26" collectionCode="MO, P, TAN" collectorName="Antilahimena" county="Moramanga Distr." elevation="1012" latitude="-18.866112" location="Ambatovy" longLatPrecision="21" longitude="48.28639" pageId="23" pageNumber="350" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Prov. Toamasina">
<emphasis id="B929EACE817F4341FE95FCA859D3FCE7" box="[326,394,787,806]" italics="true" pageId="23" pageNumber="350">ibid. loc.</emphasis>
,
<geoCoordinate id="EE69501B817F4341FE42FCA859B6FCE7" box="[401,495,787,806]" degrees="18" direction="south" minutes="51" orientation="latitude" pageId="23" pageNumber="350" precision="15" seconds="58" value="-18.866112">18°5158”S</geoCoordinate>
<geoCoordinate id="EE69501B817F4341FE27FCA85A0CFCE7" box="[500,597,787,806]" degrees="48" direction="east" minutes="17" orientation="longitude" pageId="23" pageNumber="350" precision="15" seconds="11" value="48.28639">48°1711”E</geoCoordinate>
,
<quantity id="4CA59B39817F4341FD8EFCA85AC6FCE7" box="[605,671,787,806]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.012" pageId="23" pageNumber="350" unit="m" value="1012.0">
<elevation id="0070D1EF817F4341FD8EFCA85AC6FCE7" box="[605,671,787,806]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.012" pageId="23" pageNumber="350" unit="m" value="1012.0">1012 m</elevation>
</quantity>
,
<date id="FFE3101C817F4341FD74FCA85AA2FCE7" box="[679,763,787,806]" pageId="23" pageNumber="350" value="2007-01-26">
<collectingDate id="EFA7E9F4817F4341FD74FCA85AA2FCE7" box="[679,763,787,806]" pageId="23" pageNumber="350" value="2007-01-26">26.I.2007</collectingDate>
</date>
,
<emphasis id="B929EACE817F4341FFA6FC96594CFC80" box="[117,277,813,833]" italics="true" pageId="23" pageNumber="350">
<collectorName id="26A8530A817F4341FFA6FC9658BCFC81" box="[117,229,813,832]" pageId="23" pageNumber="350">Antilahimena</collectorName>
5221
</emphasis>
(
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,
<collectionCode id="ED4CAE19817F4341FE9CFC955903FC80" box="[335,346,814,833]" country="France" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15763" name="Museum National d' Histoire Naturelle, Paris (MNHN) - Vascular Plants" pageId="23" pageNumber="350" type="Herbarium">P</collectionCode>
,
<collectionCode id="ED4CAE19817F4341FEB1FC9559C8FC80" box="[354,401,814,833]" country="Madagascar" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:13842" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:13842" name="Parc de Tsimbazaza" pageId="23" pageNumber="350" type="Herbarium">TAN</collectionCode>
);
</materialsCitation>
<materialsCitation id="3B353C81817F4341FE70FC965A17FC9D" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3420017467" collectingDate="2007-02-14" collectionCode="MO, P, TAN" collectorName="Antilahimena" elevation="999" latitude="-18.859167" location="Sahaviana forest" longLatPrecision="21" longitude="48.28611" pageId="23" pageNumber="350" specimenCount="1">
<location id="8E826007817F4341FE70FC965A76FC81" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03F487CA81794341FCF7FEE15AD9F847:8E826007817F4341FE70FC965A76FC81" box="[419,559,813,832]" latitude="-18.859167" longLatPrecision="21" longitude="48.28611" name="Sahaviana forest" pageId="23" pageNumber="350">Sahaviana forest</location>
,
<geoCoordinate id="EE69501B817F4341FDE4FC965ACCFC81" box="[567,661,813,832]" degrees="18" direction="south" minutes="51" orientation="latitude" pageId="23" pageNumber="350" precision="15" seconds="33" value="-18.859167">18°5133”S</geoCoordinate>
<geoCoordinate id="EE69501B817F4341FD49FC955AA2FC80" box="[666,763,814,833]" degrees="48" direction="east" minutes="17" orientation="longitude" pageId="23" pageNumber="350" precision="15" seconds="10" value="48.28611">48°1710”E</geoCoordinate>
,
<quantity id="4CA59B39817F4341FFA6FCF358F4FC9D" box="[117,173,840,860]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="9.99" pageId="23" pageNumber="350" unit="m" value="999.0">
<elevation id="0070D1EF817F4341FFA6FCF358F4FC9D" box="[117,173,840,860]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="9.99" pageId="23" pageNumber="350" unit="m" value="999.0">999 m</elevation>
</quantity>
,
<date id="FFE3101C817F4341FF65FCF3594AFC9A" box="[182,275,840,859]" pageId="23" pageNumber="350" value="2007-02-14">
<collectingDate id="EFA7E9F4817F4341FF65FCF3594AFC9A" box="[182,275,840,859]" pageId="23" pageNumber="350" value="2007-02-14">14.II.2007</collectingDate>
</date>
,
<emphasis id="B929EACE817F4341FECEFCF359E6FC9A" box="[285,447,840,859]" italics="true" pageId="23" pageNumber="350">
<collectorName id="26A8530A817F4341FECEFCF359D6FC9A" box="[285,399,840,859]" pageId="23" pageNumber="350">Antilahimena</collectorName>
5339
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,
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<collectorName id="26A8530A817F4341FD59FBD658C7FB5A" pageId="23" pageNumber="350">Antilahimena et al.</collectorName>
8614
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, (
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<collectionCode id="ED4CAE19817F4341FEBCFB3359C7FB5A" box="[367,414,1160,1179]" country="Madagascar" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:13842" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:13842" name="Parc de Tsimbazaza" pageId="23" pageNumber="350" type="Herbarium">TAN</collectionCode>
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<materialsCitation id="3B353C81817F4341FE61FB335AA6FB77" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3420017405" collectingDate="1990-02-18" collectionCode="MICH, MO, P, TAN" collectorName="Bernard et al." elevation="1025" latitude="-18.925278" location="Analamazaotra" longLatPrecision="21" longitude="48.432777" municipality="Andasibe" pageId="23" pageNumber="350" specimenCount="1">
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,
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<elevation id="0070D1EF817F4341FF0CFB185978FB77" box="[223,289,1187,1206]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.025" pageId="23" pageNumber="350" unit="m" value="1025.0">1025 m</elevation>
</quantity>
,
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<collectingDate id="EFA7E9F4817F4341FEFAFB1859DFFB77" box="[297,390,1187,1206]" pageId="23" pageNumber="350" value="1990-02-18">18.II.1990</collectingDate>
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,
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<collectorName id="26A8530A817F4341FE5DFB1859A7FB77" box="[398,510,1187,1206]" pageId="23" pageNumber="350">Bernard et al.</collectorName>
1990
</emphasis>
(
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,
<collectionCode id="ED4CAE19817F4341FD52FB185AF1FB77" box="[641,680,1187,1206]" country="USA" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15859" name="Missouri Botanical Garden" pageId="23" pageNumber="350" type="Herbarium">MO</collectionCode>
,
<collectionCode id="ED4CAE19817F4341FD63FB185AE2FB77" box="[688,699,1187,1206]" country="France" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15763" name="Museum National d' Histoire Naturelle, Paris (MNHN) - Vascular Plants" pageId="23" pageNumber="350" type="Herbarium">P</collectionCode>
,
<collectionCode id="ED4CAE19817F4341FD10FB185AABFB77" box="[707,754,1187,1206]" country="Madagascar" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:13842" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:13842" name="Parc de Tsimbazaza" pageId="23" pageNumber="350" type="Herbarium">TAN</collectionCode>
);
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<materialsCitation id="3B353C81817F4341FFA6FB055AD3FB10" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3420017317" box="[117,650,1213,1233]" collectingDate="1937-09-03" collectionCode="P" collectorName="Boiteau &amp; Cours" location="pays Sihanaka" municipality="Anony" pageId="23" pageNumber="350" specimenCount="1">
<collectingMunicipality id="6B86ACA6817F4341FFA6FB0558F6FB10" box="[117,175,1214,1233]" pageId="23" pageNumber="350">Anony</collectingMunicipality>
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,
<date id="FFE3101C817F4341FEECFB0559C0FB10" box="[319,409,1214,1233]" pageId="23" pageNumber="350" value="1937-09-03">
<collectingDate id="EFA7E9F4817F4341FEECFB0559C0FB10" box="[319,409,1214,1233]" pageId="23" pageNumber="350" value="1937-09-03">3.IX.1937</collectingDate>
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,
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<collectorName id="26A8530A817F4341FE71FB0559B8FB11" box="[418,481,1214,1232]" pageId="23" pageNumber="350">Boiteau</collectorName>
&amp;
<collectorName id="26A8530A817F4341FE2CFB055A76FB10" box="[511,559,1214,1233]" pageId="23" pageNumber="350">Cours</collectorName>
2954
</emphasis>
(
<collectionCode id="ED4CAE19817F4341FDBFFB055A23FB10" box="[620,634,1214,1233]" country="France" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15763" name="Museum National d' Histoire Naturelle, Paris (MNHN) - Vascular Plants" pageId="23" pageNumber="350" type="Herbarium">P</collectionCode>
);
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<materialsCitation id="3B353C81817F4341FD5CFB055A7BFB2D" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3420017305" collectingDate="1938-11" collectionCode="P" collectorName="Cours" elevation="900" location="Route d'Anjiro" municipality="Moramanga" pageId="23" pageNumber="350" specimenCount="1">
<collectingMunicipality id="6B86ACA6817F4341FD5CFB055AA2FB10" box="[655,763,1214,1233]" pageId="23" pageNumber="350">Moramanga</collectingMunicipality>
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<location id="8E826007817F4341FFA6FB6258A5FB2A" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03F487CA81794341FCF7FEE15AD9F847:8E826007817F4341FFA6FB6258A5FB2A" box="[117,252,1240,1260]" municipality="Moramanga" name="Route d'Anjiro" pageId="23" pageNumber="350">Route dAnjiro</location>
,
<quantity id="4CA59B39817F4341FED5FB635919FB2D" box="[262,320,1240,1260]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="9.0" pageId="23" pageNumber="350" unit="m" value="900.0">
<elevation id="0070D1EF817F4341FED5FB635919FB2D" box="[262,320,1240,1260]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="9.0" pageId="23" pageNumber="350" unit="m" value="900.0">900 m</elevation>
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,
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<collectingDate id="EFA7E9F4817F4341FE99FB6359CCFB2A" box="[330,405,1240,1259]" pageId="23" pageNumber="350" value="1938-11">XI.1938</collectingDate>
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,
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<collectorName id="26A8530A817F4341FE4CFB635996FB2A" box="[415,463,1240,1259]" pageId="23" pageNumber="350">Cours</collectorName>
803
</emphasis>
(
<collectionCode id="ED4CAE19817F4341FDD7FB635A4BFB2A" box="[516,530,1240,1259]" country="France" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15763" name="Museum National d' Histoire Naturelle, Paris (MNHN) - Vascular Plants" pageId="23" pageNumber="350" type="Herbarium">P</collectionCode>
);
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<materialsCitation id="3B353C81817F4341FDFBFB6359A8FAC7" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3420017471" collectingDate="1938-11" collectionCode="P" collectorName="Cours" county="Ambatondrazaka Distr." elevation="900" location="Onibe" pageId="23" pageNumber="350" specimenCount="1">
<collectingCounty id="62834E50817F4341FDFBFB635AA5FB2A" box="[552,764,1240,1259]" pageId="23" pageNumber="350">Ambatondrazaka Distr.</collectingCounty>
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,
<quantity id="4CA59B39817F4341FF67FB485947FAC7" box="[180,286,1267,1286]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="9.0" metricValueMax="10.0" metricValueMin="8.0" pageId="23" pageNumber="350" unit="m" value="900.0" valueMax="1000.0" valueMin="800.0">
<elevation id="0070D1EF817F4341FF67FB485947FAC7" box="[180,286,1267,1286]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="9.0" metricValueMax="10.0" metricValueMin="8.0" pageId="23" pageNumber="350" unit="m" value="900.0" valueMax="1000.0" valueMin="800.0">800-1000 m</elevation>
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,
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<collectingDate id="EFA7E9F4817F4341FEF4FB485937FAC7" box="[295,366,1267,1286]" pageId="23" pageNumber="350" value="1938-11">XI.1938</collectingDate>
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,
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<collectorName id="26A8530A817F4341FEA5FB4859FCFAC7" box="[374,421,1267,1286]" pageId="23" pageNumber="350">Cours</collectorName>
988
</emphasis>
(
<collectionCode id="ED4CAE19817F4341FE05FB4859BDFAC7" box="[470,484,1267,1286]" country="France" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15763" name="Museum National d' Histoire Naturelle, Paris (MNHN) - Vascular Plants" pageId="23" pageNumber="350" type="Herbarium">P</collectionCode>
);
</materialsCitation>
<materialsCitation id="3B353C81817F4341FE25FB4859F6FAE0" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3420017345" collectingDate="1945-10-11" collectionCode="P" collectorName="Cours" elevation="1200" location="Manambato a Amboditfonana" pageId="23" pageNumber="350" specimenCount="1">
<location id="8E826007817F4341FE25FB485AA5FAC7" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03F487CA81794341FCF7FEE15AD9F847:8E826007817F4341FE25FB485AA5FAC7" box="[502,764,1267,1286]" name="Manambato a Amboditfonana" pageId="23" pageNumber="350">Manambato à Amboditfonana</location>
,
<quantity id="4CA59B39817F4341FFA6FAB558E1FAE0" box="[117,184,1294,1313]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.2" pageId="23" pageNumber="350" unit="m" value="1200.0">
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,
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<collectingDate id="EFA7E9F4817F4341FF12FAB65945FAE1" box="[193,284,1293,1312]" pageId="23" pageNumber="350" value="1945-10-11">11.X.1945</collectingDate>
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,
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<collectorName id="26A8530A817F4341FEF5FAB5590CFAE0" box="[294,341,1294,1313]" pageId="23" pageNumber="350">Cours</collectorName>
2833
</emphasis>
(
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);
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<materialsCitation id="3B353C81817F4341FE67FAB658CFFAFD" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3420017459" collectingDate="1941-03-22" collectionCode="P" collectorName="Decary" location="Zahamena" municipality="Zahamena" pageId="23" pageNumber="350" specimenCount="1">
<collectingMunicipality id="6B86ACA6817F4341FE67FAB65A48FAE1" box="[436,529,1293,1312]" pageId="23" pageNumber="350">Zahamena</collectingMunicipality>
,
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<collectingDate id="EFA7E9F4817F4341FDC8FAB55AD9FAE0" box="[539,640,1294,1313]" pageId="23" pageNumber="350" value="1941-03-22">22.III.1941</collectingDate>
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,
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<collectorName id="26A8530A817F4341FD5AFAB55A9AFAE1" box="[649,707,1294,1312]" pageId="23" pageNumber="350">Decary</collectorName>
16708
</emphasis>
(
<collectionCode id="ED4CAE19817F4341FFA8FA9358D0FAFA" box="[123,137,1320,1339]" country="France" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15763" name="Museum National d' Histoire Naturelle, Paris (MNHN) - Vascular Plants" pageId="23" pageNumber="350" type="Herbarium">P</collectionCode>
);
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<materialsCitation id="3B353C81817F4341FF48FA935A63FAFD" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3420017441" box="[155,570,1320,1340]" collectingDate="1944-12" collectionCode="P" collectorName="Homolle" location="chutes du Maningory" pageId="23" pageNumber="350" specimenCount="1">
<location id="8E826007817F4341FF48FA935917FAFA" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03F487CA81794341FCF7FEE15AD9F847:8E826007817F4341FF48FA935917FAFA" box="[155,334,1320,1339]" name="chutes du Maningory" pageId="23" pageNumber="350">chutes du Maningory</location>
,
<date id="FFE3101C817F4341FE85FA9359FCFAFA" box="[342,421,1320,1339]" pageId="23" pageNumber="350" value="1944-12">
<collectingDate id="EFA7E9F4817F4341FE85FA9359FCFAFA" box="[342,421,1320,1339]" pageId="23" pageNumber="350" value="1944-12">XII.1944</collectingDate>
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,
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<collectorName id="26A8530A817F4341FE7FFA9359B6FAFA" box="[428,495,1320,1339]" pageId="23" pageNumber="350">Homolle</collectorName>
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537 (
<collectionCode id="ED4CAE19817F4341FDCCFA935A74FAFA" box="[543,557,1320,1339]" country="France" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15763" name="Museum National d' Histoire Naturelle, Paris (MNHN) - Vascular Plants" pageId="23" pageNumber="350" type="Herbarium">P</collectionCode>
);
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<materialsCitation id="3B353C81817F4341FDECFA93594AFA97" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3420017340" collectingDate="1966-07-01" collectionCode="K, P" collectorName="Peltier" location="Ambatovy" municipality="Ambatovy" pageId="23" pageNumber="350" specimenCount="1">
<collectingMunicipality id="6B86ACA6817F4341FDECFA935ACFFAFA" box="[575,662,1320,1339]" pageId="23" pageNumber="350">Ambatovy</collectingMunicipality>
,
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<collectingDate id="EFA7E9F4817F4341FD4EFA935AA2FAFA" box="[669,763,1320,1339]" pageId="23" pageNumber="350" value="1966-07-01">1.VII.1966</collectingDate>
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,
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<collectorName id="26A8530A817F4341FFA7FAF858F1FA97" box="[116,168,1347,1366]" pageId="23" pageNumber="350">Peltier</collectorName>
5997
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(
<collectionCode id="ED4CAE19817F4341FF33FAF858A9FA97" box="[224,240,1347,1366]" country="United Kingdom" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15867" name="Royal Botanic Gardens" pageId="23" pageNumber="350" type="Herbarium">K</collectionCode>
,
<collectionCode id="ED4CAE19817F4341FF2BFAF8595CFA97" box="[248,261,1347,1366]" country="France" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15763" name="Museum National d' Histoire Naturelle, Paris (MNHN) - Vascular Plants" pageId="23" pageNumber="350" type="Herbarium">P</collectionCode>
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<emphasis id="B929EACE817F4341FE9BF92659D4F971" box="[328,397,1693,1712]" italics="true" pageId="23" pageNumber="350">ibid. loc.</emphasis>
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<emphasis id="B929EACE817F4341FFA6F90358E4F90A" box="[117,189,1720,1739]" italics="true" pageId="23" pageNumber="350">ibid. loc.</emphasis>
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<collectingDate id="EFA7E9F4817F4341FE3DF9035A0FF90A" box="[494,598,1720,1739]" pageId="23" pageNumber="350" value="2016-03-23">23.III.2016</collectingDate>
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<emphasis id="B929EACE817F4341FE9BF96859D4F927" box="[328,397,1747,1766]" italics="true" pageId="23" pageNumber="350">ibid. loc.</emphasis>
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<emphasis id="B929EACE817F4341FE46F9685A75F927" box="[405,556,1747,1766]" italics="true" pageId="23" pageNumber="350">
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<emphasis id="B929EACE817F4341FFA6F95658E3F8C1" box="[117,186,1773,1792]" italics="true" pageId="23" pageNumber="350">ibid. loc.</emphasis>
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<collectorName id="26A8530A817F4341FF11F9555975F8C1" box="[194,300,1773,1792]" pageId="23" pageNumber="350">van Ee et al.</collectorName>
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<emphasis id="B929EACE817F4341FDE5F9565A25F8C1" box="[566,636,1773,1792]" italics="true" pageId="23" pageNumber="350">ibid. loc.</emphasis>
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24.X.
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Viguier &amp;
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<date id="FFE3101C817F4341FD76F8865AA5F891" box="[677,764,1853,1872]" pageId="23" pageNumber="350" value="2005-11-04">
<collectingDate id="EFA7E9F4817F4341FD76F8865AA5F891" box="[677,764,1853,1872]" pageId="23" pageNumber="350" value="2005-11-04">4.XI.2005</collectingDate>
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<collectorName id="26A8530A817F4341FFA7F8E35949F8AA" box="[116,272,1880,1899]" pageId="23" pageNumber="350">Andrianjafy et al.</collectorName>
446
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(
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<quantity id="4CA59B39817F4341FFA6F8C858EEF847" box="[117,183,1907,1926]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.359" pageId="23" pageNumber="350" unit="m" value="1359.0">
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<collectingDate id="EFA7E9F4817F4341FF6CF8C85941F847" box="[191,280,1907,1926]" pageId="23" pageNumber="350" value="2005-05-23">23.V.2005</collectingDate>
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<collectorName id="26A8530A817F4341FEF2F8C859E8F847" box="[289,433,1907,1926]" pageId="23" pageNumber="350">Andrianjafy et al.</collectorName>
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(
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<collectionCode id="ED4CAE19817F4341FDE7F8C85A66F847" box="[564,575,1907,1926]" country="France" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15763" name="Museum National d' Histoire Naturelle, Paris (MNHN) - Vascular Plants" pageId="23" pageNumber="350" type="Herbarium">P</collectionCode>
,
<collectionCode id="ED4CAE19817F4341FD95F8C85A2FF847" box="[582,630,1907,1926]" country="Madagascar" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:13842" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:13842" name="Parc de Tsimbazaza" pageId="23" pageNumber="350" type="Herbarium">TAN</collectionCode>
).
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</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>