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<document id="DA413B86E799E6F178C6428576295AEF" ID-CLB-Dataset="2894" ID-DOI="10.15553/c2016v712a17" ID-GBIF-Dataset="3ba10b86-da39-40e8-898c-ee3dfa6f0f05" ID-ISSN="2235-3658" ID-Zenodo-Dep="5721805" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.tables_requiresApprovalFor="existingObjects,plazi" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1637687619965" checkinUser="carolina" docAuthor="Kainulainen, Kent, Ee, Benjamin van, Antilahimena, Patrice, Razafindraibe, Hanta &amp; Berry, Paul E." docDate="2016" docId="03F487CA8164435BFF58FAA15BBFF8F7" docLanguage="en" docName="Candollea.71.2.327-356.pdf" docOrigin="Candollea 71 (2)" docStyle="DocumentStyle:1E5CC43F38D0DBC531513809D1267F7B.3:Candollea.2015-.journal_article" docStyleId="1E5CC43F38D0DBC531513809D1267F7B" docStyleName="Candollea.2015-.journal_article" docStyleVersion="3" docTitle="Croton radiatus P. E. Berry &amp; Kainul. 2016, spec. nova" docType="treatment" docVersion="7" lastPageNumber="340" masterDocId="FFCDFFB281684356FFD3FFBB5859FFC1" masterDocTitle="New species and species reports of Croton L. (Euphorbiaceae) from the eastern forest corridor of Madagascar" masterLastPageNumber="356" masterPageNumber="327" pageNumber="339" updateTime="1699469649289" updateUser="ExternalLinkService" zenodo-license-document="CC-BY-4.0" zenodo-license-figures="CC-BY-4.0">
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<mods:title id="7E639DFBD40755573DFEFF4CB8DD5014">New species and species reports of Croton L. (Euphorbiaceae) from the eastern forest corridor of Madagascar</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="0DAD9EB6A2B63D8D19F44A03FF3573F9">Kainulainen, Kent</mods:namePart>
<mods:affiliation id="F0EE9903AEA2C1000E7A2F4890562799">Herbarium, Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, 3600 Varsity Drive, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48108, U. S. A.</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:namePart id="B7E198E0E5DB69A30BB0F2E2D9DA67C2">Ee, Benjamin van</mods:namePart>
<mods:affiliation id="756DC71C5D5D3BE701E3103BF833DBF1">Department of Biology, Universidad de Puerto Rico, Recinto Universitario de Mayagüez, Mayagüez, PR 00680, Puerto Rico, U. S. A.</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:namePart id="C75790B51B71C2317AD218AB654F4B36">Antilahimena, Patrice</mods:namePart>
<mods:affiliation id="0DF75C6290B0138FC04845101E994127">Missouri Botanical Garden, B. P. 3391, Antananarivo 101, Madagascar.</mods:affiliation>
</mods:name>
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<mods:namePart id="57C9B6DFE3CB370A044DFA46DD8AAD4D">Razafindraibe, Hanta</mods:namePart>
<mods:affiliation id="0B224732FA144E0E91D16936CE82736B">Parc Botanique et Zoologique de Tsimbazaza, rue Kasanga Fernand, Antananarivo 101, Madagascar.</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:namePart id="234B888397F3788534455FCD58E16396">Berry, Paul E.</mods:namePart>
<mods:affiliation id="0604109F7F31AAE2A007A55A098B9495">Herbarium, Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, 3600 Varsity Drive, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48108, U. S. A.</mods:affiliation>
<mods:nameIdentifier id="9448E9BACB73CEA6DE98CFF3CA70C108" type="email">peberry@umich.edu</mods:nameIdentifier>
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<mods:title id="BF5B8DC397447BFD9EB7BE4C0FC9D46B">Candollea</mods:title>
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<mods:part id="195385DD3E932FE38DF5CB391E4E5A77">
<mods:date id="D93CC49EA63CFFE999C53B054D9D852B">2016</mods:date>
<mods:detail id="528AA99C6AD781D135277C90F2159249" type="pubDate">
<mods:number id="238B39BAE7833BC9FFD8795F49B4B984">2016-11-23</mods:number>
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<mods:number id="E602F40098981CC8A1533C0671B92492">71</mods:number>
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<treatment id="03F487CA8164435BFF58FAA15BBFF8F7" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5794139" ID-GBIF-Taxon="191683037" ID-Zenodo-Dep="5794139" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03F487CA8164435BFF58FAA15BBFF8F7" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/03F487CA8164435BFF58FAA15BBFF8F7" lastPageId="13" lastPageNumber="340" pageId="12" pageNumber="339">
<subSubSection id="C34765578164435AFF58FAA15B4EFAF3" box="[139,791,1306,1330]" pageId="12" pageNumber="339" type="nomenclature">
<paragraph id="8BE236DC8164435AFF58FAA15B4EFAF3" blockId="12.[139,791,1306,1330]" box="[139,791,1306,1330]" pageId="12" pageNumber="339">
<heading id="D0AA81B08164435AFF58FAA15B4EFAF3" box="[139,791,1306,1330]" centered="true" fontSize="10" level="2" pageId="12" pageNumber="339" reason="2">
<taxonomicName id="4C5D4D5F8164435AFF58FAA15A54FAF3" ID-CoL="8WT44" authority="P.E. Berry &amp; Kainul." authorityName="P. E. Berry &amp; Kainul." authorityYear="2016" box="[139,525,1306,1330]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Euphorbiaceae" genus="Croton" kingdom="Plantae" order="Malpighiales" pageId="12" pageNumber="339" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="radiatus" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="B929EACE8164435AFF58FAA15977FAF3" bold="true" box="[139,302,1306,1330]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="339">Croton radiatus</emphasis>
P.E. Berry &amp; Kainul.
</taxonomicName>
,
<emphasis id="B929EACE8164435AFDC5FAA15ADCFAF3" bold="true" box="[534,645,1306,1330]" pageId="12" pageNumber="339">
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A21A57B58164435AFDC5FAA15ADCFAF3" box="[534,645,1306,1330]" pageId="12" pageNumber="339" rank="species">spec. nova</taxonomicNameLabel>
</emphasis>
(
<figureCitation id="13662A598164435AFD40FAA15ABAFAF3" box="[659,739,1306,1330]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="5.[116,143,1791,1810]" captionTargetBox="[117,1455,285,1615]" captionTargetId="figure-164@5.[117,1455,285,1615]" captionTargetPageId="5" captionText="Fig. 1. – Distribution maps. The grey squares or white arrow on the inset maps of Madagascar show the location of the area depicted. A. Croton ferricretus Kainul., B.W. van Ee &amp; P.E. Berry (red); B. Distribution of Croton droguetioides Kainul. &amp; Radcl.-Sm. (turquoise) (Cours 4111 not shown), C. enigmaticus P.E. Berry &amp; B.W. van Ee (light green) (Ralimanana et al. 1402 not shown), C. indrisilvae Kainul., B.W. van Ee &amp; P.E. Berry (yellow), and C. plurispicatus P.E. Berry, Kainul. &amp; B.W. van Ee (light purple); C. Croton ankeranae Kainul. (yellow), C. radiatus P.E. Berry &amp; Kainul. (red), and Croton lasiopyrus Baill. (white). The collection in gray represents presumed hybrids between C. lasiopyrus and C. enigmaticus (van Ee et al. 2215 and 2216); D. Croton hypochalibaeus Baill. in Madagascar. [Google Earth Image © 2016 DigitalGlobe.Reproduced per attribution guidelines]" figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5721811" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5721811/files/figure.png" pageId="12" pageNumber="339">Fig. 1C</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="13662A598164435AFD3DFAA15B53FAF3" box="[750,778,1306,1330]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="24.[139,166,1804,1823]" captionTargetBox="[197,1433,297,1661]" captionTargetId="figure-19@24.[609,1021,837,1249]" captionTargetPageId="24" captionText="Fig. 11. – Croton radiatus P.E. Berry &amp; Kainul. A. Holotype specimen of Croton radiatus at MICH; B. Inflorescence with a pair of basal pistillate flowers and five distal staminate flower buds; C. Underside of a leaf showing both whitish stellate-lepidote trichomes and brown fasciculate to multiradiate trichomes; D. Leaf base with a pair of stipitate, discoid glands emerging from the lamina; E. Staminate flower (7 anthers missing); F. Staminate flower with stamens removed to show the nectaries; G. Pistillate flower; H. Top view with the ovary removed to show the five nectaries and glandular filaments. [E-F: Cours 1257; G-H: Razanatsoa &amp; Marcellin 279]" figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5722252" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5722252/files/figure.png" pageId="12" pageNumber="339">11</figureCitation>
).
</heading>
</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8BE236DC8164435AFF62FAE15B41FA33" blockId="12.[177,792,1370,1522]" pageId="12" pageNumber="339">
<emphasis id="B929EACE8164435AFF62FAE1595EFAB3" bold="true" box="[177,263,1370,1394]" pageId="12" pageNumber="339">
<collectingRegion id="4999F83E8164435AFF62FAE158A2FAB3" box="[177,251,1370,1394]" name="Typus" pageId="12" pageNumber="339">Typus</collectingRegion>
:
</emphasis>
<materialsCitation id="3B353C818164435AFEC3FAE15A17FA30" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3420017312" collectingDate="2006-12-11" collectionCode="MICH" collectorName="Razanatsoa &amp; Marcellin" country="Madagascar" county="Moramanga Distr." elevation="1118" latitude="-18.833055" location="Fokontany Ampitambe" longLatPrecision="21" longitude="48.296387" municipality="Commune Ambohibary" pageId="12" pageNumber="339" specimenCode="MICH1458525" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Prov. Toamasina" typeStatus="holotype">
<emphasis id="B929EACE8164435AFEC3FAE15AFBFAB3" bold="true" box="[272,674,1370,1394]" pageId="12" pageNumber="339">
<collectingCountry id="F34A764C8164435AFEC3FAE159E0FAB1" box="[272,441,1370,1394]" name="Madagascar" pageId="12" pageNumber="339">MADAGASCAR</collectingCountry>
.
<collectingRegion id="4999F83E8164435AFE18FAE15A53FAB3" box="[459,522,1370,1394]" pageId="12" pageNumber="339">Prov.</collectingRegion>
Toamasina:
</emphasis>
<collectingRegion id="4999F83E8164435AFD7CFAE15932FA53" pageId="12" pageNumber="339">Alaotra- Mangoro Region</collectingRegion>
,
<collectingCounty id="62834E508164435AFEA4FAC15A18FA53" box="[375,577,1402,1426]" pageId="12" pageNumber="339">Moramanga Distr.</collectingCounty>
,
<collectingMunicipality id="6B86ACA68164435AFD9FFAC158AAFA73" pageId="12" pageNumber="339">Commune Ambohibary</collectingMunicipality>
,
<location id="8E8260078164435AFF2EFA2159ACFA73" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03F487CA8164435BFF58FAA15BBFF8F7:8E8260078164435AFF2EFA2159ACFA73" box="[253,501,1434,1458]" country="Madagascar" county="Moramanga Distr." latitude="-18.833055" longLatPrecision="21" longitude="48.296387" municipality="Commune Ambohibary" name="Fokontany Ampitambe" pageId="12" pageNumber="339" stateProvince="Prov. Toamasina">Fokontany Ampitambe</location>
,
<location id="8E8260078164435AFDD3FA215ACFFA73" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03F487CA8164435BFF58FAA15BBFF8F7:8E8260078164435AFDD3FA215ACFFA73" box="[512,662,1434,1458]" country="Madagascar" county="Moramanga Distr." latitude="-18.833055" longLatPrecision="21" longitude="48.296387" municipality="Commune Ambohibary" name="Foret Sahaevo" pageId="12" pageNumber="339" stateProvince="Prov. Toamasina">Forêt Sahaevo</location>
,
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<geoCoordinate id="EE69501B8164435AFF62FA015971FA13" box="[177,296,1466,1490]" degrees="48" direction="east" minutes="17" orientation="longitude" pageId="12" pageNumber="339" precision="15" seconds="47" value="48.296387">48°17’47”E</geoCoordinate>
,
<quantity id="4CA59B398164435AFEE0FA0159DDFA10" box="[307,388,1466,1490]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.1179999999999999" pageId="12" pageNumber="339" unit="m" value="1118.0">
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,
<date id="FFE3101C8164435AFE5DFA015A49FA13" box="[398,528,1466,1490]" pageId="12" pageNumber="339" value="2006-12-11">
<collectingDate id="EFA7E9F48164435AFE5DFA015A49FA13" box="[398,528,1466,1490]" pageId="12" pageNumber="339" value="2006-12-11">11.XII.2006</collectingDate>
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,
<emphasis id="B929EACE8164435AFDC8FA005881FA33" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="339">
<collectorName id="26A8530A8164435AFDC8FA005ACBFA13" box="[539,658,1467,1490]" pageId="12" pageNumber="339">Razanatsoa</collectorName>
&amp;
<collectorName id="26A8530A8164435AFD67FA015B4FFA13" box="[692,790,1466,1490]" pageId="12" pageNumber="339">Marcellin</collectorName>
279
</emphasis>
(
<typeStatus id="54E6887E8164435AFF35FA615979FA33" box="[230,288,1498,1522]" pageId="12" pageNumber="339" type="holotype">holo-</typeStatus>
:
<collectionCode id="ED4CAE198164435AFEFCFA615924FA33" box="[303,381,1498,1522]" country="USA" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15602" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15602" name="University of Michigan" pageId="12" pageNumber="339" type="Herbarium">MICH</collectionCode>
[
<specimenCode id="DBFB9EA78164435AFE5AFA615A62FA33" box="[393,571,1498,1522]" collectionCode="MICH" country="USA" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15602" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15602" name="University of Michigan" pageId="12" pageNumber="339" type="Herbarium">MICH1458525</specimenCode>
]!;
</materialsCitation>
<materialsCitation id="3B353C818164435AFD80FA615B41FA33" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3420017339" box="[595,792,1498,1522]" collectingDate="2006-12-11" collectionCode="MO, TAN" collectorName="Razanatsoa &amp; Marcellin" country="Madagascar" county="Moramanga Distr." elevation="1118" latitude="-18.833055" location="Fokontany Ampitambe" longLatPrecision="21" longitude="48.296387" municipality="Commune Ambohibary" pageId="12" pageNumber="339" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Prov. Toamasina" typeStatus="isotype">
iso-:
<collectionCode id="ED4CAE198164435AFD59FA615AE4FA33" box="[650,701,1498,1522]" country="USA" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15859" name="Missouri Botanical Garden" pageId="12" pageNumber="339" type="Herbarium">MO</collectionCode>
!,
<collectionCode id="ED4CAE198164435AFD1AFA615B51FA33" box="[713,776,1498,1522]" country="Madagascar" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:13842" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:13842" name="Parc de Tsimbazaza" pageId="12" pageNumber="339" type="Herbarium">TAN</collectionCode>
!).
</materialsCitation>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C34765578164435AFF62F9A158A4F8F3" pageId="12" pageNumber="339" type="discussion">
<paragraph id="8BE236DC8164435AFF62F9A158A4F8F3" blockId="12.[177,790,1562,1842]" pageId="12" pageNumber="339">
<emphasis id="B929EACE8164435AFF62F9A158A4F8F3" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="339">
<taxonomicName id="4C5D4D5F8164435AFF62F9A15A1AF9F3" authority="P. E. Berry &amp; Kainul." authorityName="P. E. Berry &amp; Kainul." box="[177,579,1562,1586]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Euphorbiaceae" genus="Croton" kingdom="Plantae" order="Malpighiales" pageId="12" pageNumber="339" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="radiatus">Croton radiatus P.E. Berry &amp; Kainul.</taxonomicName>
is similar to
<taxonomicName id="4C5D4D5F8164435AFD1EF9A1596EF993" authority="Baill." authorityName="Baill." class="Magnoliopsida" family="Euphorbiaceae" genus="Croton" kingdom="Plantae" order="Malpighiales" pageId="12" pageNumber="339" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="incisus">Croton incisus Baill.</taxonomicName>
, but differs in its leaves that are entire to shallowly serrulate or undulate (vs incised), and in the foliaceous, glabrous sepals (vs. densely stellate-pubescent). In its tightly clustered, medium-sized leaves that are separated by long internodes it resembles
<taxonomicName id="4C5D4D5F8164435AFEB5F9015AD3F913" authority="Baill." authorityName="Baill." box="[358,650,1722,1746]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Euphorbiaceae" genus="Croton" kingdom="Plantae" order="Malpighiales" pageId="12" pageNumber="339" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="hypochalibaeus">Croton hypochalibaeus Baill.</taxonomicName>
, but differs in its sparser pubescence with scattered stellate trichomes on the leaves (vs. densely silvery white-lepidote and brown punctulate leaves).
</emphasis>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C34765578164435AFF62F8E15CABF930" pageId="12" pageNumber="339" type="description">
<paragraph id="8BE236DC8164435AFF62F8E15CABF930" blockId="12.[139,789,1882,1938]" lastBlockId="12.[827,1480,282,1778]" pageId="12" pageNumber="339">
<emphasis id="B929EACE8164435AFF62F8E158AFF8B3" box="[177,246,1882,1906]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="339">Shrubs</emphasis>
to
<quantity id="4CA59B398164435AFECFF8E1592AF8B0" box="[284,371,1882,1906]" metricMagnitude="0" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.4" metricValueMax="2.0" metricValueMin="0.8" pageId="12" pageNumber="339" unit="m" value="1.4" valueMax="2.0" valueMin="0.8">0.8-2 m</quantity>
tall, dichotomously or trichotomously branching, with elongate internodes
<quantity id="4CA59B398164435AFDC9F8C15A31F850" box="[538,616,1914,1938]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.5" metricValueMax="7.0" metricValueMin="2.0" pageId="12" pageNumber="339" unit="cm" value="4.5" valueMax="7.0" valueMin="2.0">2-7 cm</quantity>
long separating clusters of opposite or ternate leaves at the nodes, giving the appearance of whorled branches.
<emphasis id="B929EACE8164435AFB4BFE815CA9FE93" box="[1176,1264,314,338]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="339">Branches</emphasis>
terete, pale gray, the young growth densely covered by scurfy, brownish, fasciculate to multiradiate trichomes, the longest rays
<quantity id="4CA59B398164435AFA91FEC15D9CFE50" box="[1346,1477,378,402]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.0" metricValueMax="2.5" metricValueMin="1.5" pageId="12" pageNumber="339" unit="mm" value="2.0" valueMax="2.5" valueMin="1.5">1.5-2.5 mm</quantity>
long, the other rays
<quantity id="4CA59B398164435AFBDEFE215C2EFE70" box="[1037,1143,410,434]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.75" metricValueMax="2.0" metricValueMin="1.5" pageId="12" pageNumber="339" unit="mm" value="1.75" valueMax="2.0" valueMin="1.5">1.5-2 mm</quantity>
long, interspersed with smaller, whitish stellate-lepidote trichomes with a porrect, brownish central radius
<quantity id="4CA59B398164435AFC0AFE615C11FE30" box="[985,1096,474,498]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.25" metricValueMax="1.5" metricValueMin="1.0" pageId="12" pageNumber="339" unit="mm" value="1.25" valueMax="1.5" valueMin="1.0">1-1.5 mm</quantity>
long.
<emphasis id="B929EACE8164435AFB5CFE615CB9FE33" box="[1167,1248,474,498]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="339">Stipules</emphasis>
absent or
<quantity id="4CA59B398164435AFA85FE615D9CFE30" box="[1366,1477,474,498]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.25" metricValueMax="1.5" metricValueMin="1.0" pageId="12" pageNumber="339" unit="mm" value="1.25" valueMax="1.5" valueMin="1.0">1-1.5 mm</quantity>
long and subulate.
<emphasis id="B929EACE8164435AFC2EFE405C18FDD3" box="[1021,1089,507,530]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="339">Leaves</emphasis>
congested and ± whorled at apex and at nodes. Petioles
<quantity id="4CA59B398164435AFC26FDA15C12FDF0" box="[1013,1099,538,562]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.0" metricValueMax="5.0" metricValueMin="1.0" pageId="12" pageNumber="339" unit="mm" value="3.0" valueMax="5.0" valueMin="1.0">1-5 mm</quantity>
long, pubescent like the stems. Leaf blades papyraceous, entire, serrulate, or with shallow irregular undulations, elliptic, 15-50 ×
<quantity id="4CA59B398164435AFBA4FDE15C84FDB0" box="[1143,1245,602,626]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.35" metricValueMax="2.0" metricValueMin="0.7" pageId="12" pageNumber="339" unit="mm" value="13.5" valueMax="20.0" valueMin="7.0">7-20 mm</quantity>
, apex and base acute; adaxial surface medium green and subglabrous, abaxial surface much paler olive-green, mostly glabrous but with widely scattered fasciculate and stellate trichomes, especially along the nerves; venation faint, with 5-7 pairs of brochidodromus, ± penninerved secondary veins; basilaminar glands present in some leaves (but absent in over half of them), when present emerging from the abaxial side several mm from the base of the blade, usually in pairs, sometimes single, stipitate (1.0-
<quantity id="4CA59B398164435AFCE8FCC15BCBFC53" box="[827,914,890,914]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.5" pageId="12" pageNumber="339" unit="mm" value="2.5">2.5 mm</quantity>
), discoid (1.0-
<quantity id="4CA59B398164435AFBFDFCC15CDDFC50" box="[1070,1156,890,914]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.8" pageId="12" pageNumber="339" unit="mm" value="1.8">1.8 mm</quantity>
diam.), concave.
<emphasis id="B929EACE8164435AFA93FCC15D9CFC53" box="[1344,1477,890,914]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="339">Inflorescences</emphasis>
racemose,
<quantity id="4CA59B398164435AFC78FC215C48FC70" box="[939,1041,922,946]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.0" metricValueMax="1.2" metricValueMin="0.8" pageId="12" pageNumber="339" unit="mm" value="10.0" valueMax="12.0" valueMin="8.0">8-12 mm</quantity>
long, axillary at leafy nodes, axis pubescent like the stems, usually with two basal pistillate flowers and 5-10 distal staminate flowers, bracts lanceolate, pale, c.
<quantity id="4CA59B398164435AFC87FC415BCDFBD0" box="[852,916,1018,1042]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.0" pageId="12" pageNumber="339" unit="mm" value="1.0">1 mm</quantity>
long.
<emphasis id="B929EACE8164435AFC08FC415CC1FBD3" box="[987,1176,1018,1042]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="339">Staminate flowers</emphasis>
with subglobose buds
<quantity id="4CA59B398164435AFA44FC415BD4FBF0" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.25" metricValueMax="1.7" metricValueMin="0.8" pageId="12" pageNumber="339" unit="mm" value="1.25" valueMax="1.7" valueMin="0.8">0.8- 1.7 mm</quantity>
diam., pedicels
<quantity id="4CA59B398164435AFBE0FBA15CC5FBF0" box="[1075,1180,1050,1074]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.25" metricValueMax="4.0" metricValueMin="2.5" pageId="12" pageNumber="339" unit="mm" value="3.25" valueMax="4.0" valueMin="2.5">2.5-4 mm</quantity>
long; sepals 5, lobes broadly triangular to ovate, c. 1.4 × 1.2. mm, apex acute to rounded, abaxially with scattered whitish stellate-lepidote trichomes with a porrect brownish radius, adaxially glabrous, white; petals 5, white, spatulate, c. 1.5 ×
<quantity id="4CA59B398164435AFB66FB215D54FB70" box="[1205,1293,1178,1202]" metricMagnitude="-4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.0" pageId="12" pageNumber="339" unit="mm" value="0.5">0.5 mm</quantity>
, abaxially papillate, adaxially glabrous, margins densely ciliate; disc glands/ nectaries 5, opposite the sepals, sessile, broadly triangular and truncate, c. 0.4 ×
<quantity id="4CA59B398164435AFC25FB415C15FAD0" box="[1014,1100,1274,1298]" metricMagnitude="-4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.0" pageId="12" pageNumber="339" unit="mm" value="0.4">0.4 mm</quantity>
, yellowish; stamens 8-12, white to pale yellow, filaments c. 2.0 mm long, ciliate, anthers elliptic, c.
<quantity id="4CA59B398164435AFC82FA815BFAFA90" box="[849,931,1338,1362]" metricMagnitude="-4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="6.0" pageId="12" pageNumber="339" unit="mm" value="0.6">0.6 mm</quantity>
long; receptacle pilose.
<emphasis id="B929EACE8164435AFB4EFA815D1BFA93" box="[1181,1346,1338,1362]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="339">Pistillate flowers</emphasis>
with pubescent pedicels
<quantity id="4CA59B398164435AFC18FAE15C7BFAB0" box="[971,1058,1370,1394]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.5" metricValueMax="7.0" metricValueMin="2.0" pageId="12" pageNumber="339" unit="mm" value="4.5" valueMax="7.0" valueMin="2.0">2-7 mm</quantity>
long; sepals 5, light green, ± foliaceous with longitudinal veins evident, oblong to spatulate, somewhat unequal, apex acute to rounded, spreading at anthesis, 2-5 ×
<quantity id="4CA59B398164435AFCE8FA015BF0FA10" box="[827,937,1466,1490]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.75" metricValueMax="2.0" metricValueMin="1.5" pageId="12" pageNumber="339" unit="mm" value="1.75" valueMax="2.0" valueMin="1.5">1.5-2 mm</quantity>
, abaxially with a few scattered stellate trichomes, adaxially glabrous; disc glands/nectaries 5, opposite the sepals, sessile, rounded, c. 0.5 ×
<quantity id="4CA59B398164435AFB97FA415CC0F9D0" box="[1092,1177,1530,1554]" metricMagnitude="-4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.0" pageId="12" pageNumber="339" unit="mm" value="0.4">0.4 mm</quantity>
, pale yellow; glandular filaments 5 (in petal position alternating with sepals), c.
<quantity id="4CA59B398164435AFAA2F9A15D9CF9F0" box="[1393,1477,1562,1586]" metricMagnitude="-4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="9.0" pageId="12" pageNumber="339" unit="mm" value="0.9">0.9 mm</quantity>
long; ovary globose, 1.5-2.0 mm diam., densely stellate, styles 3, 10-
<quantity id="4CA59B398164435AFCA9F9E15B93F9B0" box="[890,970,1626,1650]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.6" pageId="12" pageNumber="339" unit="mm" value="16.0">16 mm</quantity>
long, terete, ascending, each bifurcating twice (yielding 4 stigmatic tips per branch, or c. 12 overall), abaxially with a few scattered stellate trichomes; ovary densely hirsute, with stiff, light brown fasciculate trichomes with radii
<quantity id="4CA59B398164435AFA4BF9015BD7F930" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.35" metricValueMax="1.5" metricValueMin="1.2" pageId="12" pageNumber="339" unit="mm" value="1.35" valueMax="1.5" valueMin="1.2">1.2- 1.5 mm</quantity>
long.
<emphasis id="B929EACE8164435AFC03F9615C7EF933" box="[976,1063,1754,1778]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="339">Capsules</emphasis>
and
<emphasis id="B929EACE8164435AFB88F9615CD3F933" box="[1115,1162,1754,1778]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="339">seeds</emphasis>
not seen.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C34765578164435AFCB2F8A15BAFF853" pageId="12" pageNumber="339" type="etymology">
<paragraph id="8BE236DC8164435AFCB2F8A15BAFF853" blockId="12.[827,1477,1818,1938]" pageId="12" pageNumber="339">
<emphasis id="B929EACE8164435AFCB2F8A15B83F8F3" box="[865,986,1818,1842]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="339">Etymology.</emphasis>
<emphasis id="B929EACE8164435AFC32F8A15BB7F8F3" bold="true" box="[993,1006,1818,1842]" pageId="12" pageNumber="339">–</emphasis>
The specific epithet refers to the radiate nature of the prominent trichomes, which are rather sparsely scattered on the abaxial leaf surface but much denser along the young shoots.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<caption id="DF2266548165435BFFA7FB1D5A43FB2D" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5721815" ID-Zenodo-Dep="5721815" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5721815/files/figure.png" pageId="13" pageNumber="340" startId="13.[116,143,1190,1209]" targetBox="[116,1454,279,1170]" targetPageId="13">
<paragraph id="8BE236DC8165435BFFA7FB1D5A43FB2D" blockId="13.[116,1354,1190,1260]" pageId="13" pageNumber="340">
<emphasis id="B929EACE8165435BFFA7FB1D58EDFB78" bold="true" box="[116,180,1190,1209]" pageId="13" pageNumber="340">Fig. 4. –</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="4C5D4D5F8165435BFF6BFB1D5A5EFB78" authority="Kainul. &amp; Radcl." authorityName="Kainul. &amp; Radcl." box="[184,519,1190,1209]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Euphorbiaceae" genus="Croton" kingdom="Plantae" order="Malpighiales" pageId="13" pageNumber="340" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="droguetioides">
<emphasis id="B929EACE8165435BFF6BFB1D592DFB78" box="[184,372,1190,1209]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="340">Croton droguetioides</emphasis>
Kainul. &amp; Radcl.
</taxonomicName>
-Sm.
<emphasis id="B929EACE8165435BFDE1FB1D5A03FB78" bold="true" box="[562,602,1190,1209]" pageId="13" pageNumber="340">A-B.</emphasis>
Staminate flower;
<emphasis id="B929EACE8165435BFCD2FB1D5B4DFB78" bold="true" box="[769,788,1190,1209]" pageId="13" pageNumber="340">C.</emphasis>
Staminate flower with stamens removed to show the nectaries;
<emphasis id="B929EACE8165435BFFA7FB0458C4FB13" bold="true" box="[116,157,1215,1234]" pageId="13" pageNumber="340">D-E.</emphasis>
Pistillate flower;
<emphasis id="B929EACE8165435BFEE6FB04591FFB13" bold="true" box="[309,326,1215,1234]" pageId="13" pageNumber="340">F.</emphasis>
Pistillate flower with ovary removed to show the nectaries. Note the glandular filaments in the petal position. [
<emphasis id="B929EACE8165435BFFA9FB6258F9FB2D" bold="true" box="[122,160,1241,1260]" pageId="13" pageNumber="340">A-C:</emphasis>
<emphasis id="B929EACE8165435BFF77FB62591DFB2D" box="[164,324,1241,1260]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="340">van Ee et al. 2243;</emphasis>
<emphasis id="B929EACE8165435BFE9AFB62592AFB2D" bold="true" box="[329,371,1241,1260]" pageId="13" pageNumber="340">D-F:</emphasis>
<emphasis id="B929EACE8165435BFEA4FB625A4DFB2D" box="[375,532,1241,1260]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="340">van Ee et al. 2247</emphasis>
]
</paragraph>
</caption>
<subSubSection id="C34765578165435BFF49FAFE58B8FA7C" pageId="13" pageNumber="340" type="biology_ecology">
<paragraph id="8BE236DC8165435BFF49FAFE58B8FA7C" blockId="13.[116,767,1349,1469]" pageId="13" pageNumber="340">
<emphasis id="B929EACE8165435BFF49FAFE595BFA9C" box="[154,258,1349,1373]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="340">Phenology</emphasis>
. – Of the four known specimens, one was collected in flower in December and the others in April and late July, which indicates the species is probably aseasonal in its flowering.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C34765578165435BFF49FA5E593EF95C" pageId="13" pageNumber="340" type="distribution">
<paragraph id="8BE236DC8165435BFF49FA5E593EF95C" blockId="13.[116,767,1509,1693]" pageId="13" pageNumber="340">
<emphasis id="B929EACE8165435BFF49FA5E5986FA3C" box="[154,479,1509,1533]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="340">Distribution, habitat and ecology</emphasis>
. –
<taxonomicName id="4C5D4D5F8165435BFE2EFA5E5AC3FA3C" box="[509,666,1509,1533]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Euphorbiaceae" genus="Croton" kingdom="Plantae" order="Malpighiales" pageId="13" pageNumber="340" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="radiatus">
<emphasis id="B929EACE8165435BFE2EFA5E5AC3FA3C" box="[509,666,1509,1533]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="340">Croton radiatus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
is known so far from four collections, in dense, humid, montane forests along the eastern escarpment of
<collectingCountry id="F34A764C8165435BFE07F99E5A0CF9FC" box="[468,597,1573,1597]" name="Madagascar" pageId="13" pageNumber="340">Madagascar</collectingCountry>
in the Ankeniheny-Zahamena forest corridor in the Alaotra-Mangoro and Analanjirofo Regions of
<collectingRegion id="4999F83E8165435BFE58F9DE5A1EF9BD" box="[395,583,1637,1661]" country="Madagascar" name="Toamasina" pageId="13" pageNumber="340">Toamasina Prov.</collectingRegion>
, at elevations of
<quantity id="4CA59B398165435BFFA7F93E58A1F95D" box="[116,248,1669,1693]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.01" metricValueMax="1.1199999999999999" metricValueMin="0.9" pageId="13" pageNumber="340" unit="m" value="1010.0" valueMax="1120.0" valueMin="900.0">900-1120 m</quantity>
(
<figureCitation id="13662A598165435BFED4F93E5903F95C" box="[263,346,1669,1693]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="5.[116,143,1791,1810]" captionTargetBox="[117,1455,285,1615]" captionTargetId="figure-164@5.[117,1455,285,1615]" captionTargetPageId="5" captionText="Fig. 1. – Distribution maps. The grey squares or white arrow on the inset maps of Madagascar show the location of the area depicted. A. Croton ferricretus Kainul., B.W. van Ee &amp; P.E. Berry (red); B. Distribution of Croton droguetioides Kainul. &amp; Radcl.-Sm. (turquoise) (Cours 4111 not shown), C. enigmaticus P.E. Berry &amp; B.W. van Ee (light green) (Ralimanana et al. 1402 not shown), C. indrisilvae Kainul., B.W. van Ee &amp; P.E. Berry (yellow), and C. plurispicatus P.E. Berry, Kainul. &amp; B.W. van Ee (light purple); C. Croton ankeranae Kainul. (yellow), C. radiatus P.E. Berry &amp; Kainul. (red), and Croton lasiopyrus Baill. (white). The collection in gray represents presumed hybrids between C. lasiopyrus and C. enigmaticus (van Ee et al. 2215 and 2216); D. Croton hypochalibaeus Baill. in Madagascar. [Google Earth Image © 2016 DigitalGlobe.Reproduced per attribution guidelines]" figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5721811" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5721811/files/figure.png" pageId="13" pageNumber="340">Fig. 1C</figureCitation>
).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C34765578165435BFF49F97E5D2FF99D" pageId="13" pageNumber="340" type="discussion">
<paragraph id="8BE236DC8165435BFF49F97E5B58F85C" blockId="13.[116,769,1733,1949]" pageId="13" pageNumber="340">
<emphasis id="B929EACE8165435BFF49F97E59C3F91C" box="[154,410,1733,1757]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="340">
Notes. –
<taxonomicName id="4C5D4D5F8165435BFF25F97E59C3F91C" box="[246,410,1733,1757]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Euphorbiaceae" genus="Croton" kingdom="Plantae" order="Malpighiales" pageId="13" pageNumber="340" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="radiatus">Croton radiatus</taxonomicName>
</emphasis>
shows a similar sylleptic growth pattern to other species like
<taxonomicName id="4C5D4D5F8165435BFE1BF95E5AD1F93C" box="[456,648,1765,1789]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Euphorbiaceae" genus="Croton" kingdom="Plantae" order="Malpighiales" pageId="13" pageNumber="340" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="hypochalibaeus">
<emphasis id="B929EACE8165435BFE1BF95E5AD1F93C" box="[456,648,1765,1789]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="340">C. hypochalibaeus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, in which long internodes separate nodes where the leaves are clustered (
<figureCitation id="13662A598165435BFF7BF89E5955F8FC" box="[168,268,1829,1853]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="24.[139,166,1804,1823]" captionTargetBox="[197,1433,297,1661]" captionTargetId="figure-19@24.[609,1021,837,1249]" captionTargetPageId="24" captionText="Fig. 11. – Croton radiatus P.E. Berry &amp; Kainul. A. Holotype specimen of Croton radiatus at MICH; B. Inflorescence with a pair of basal pistillate flowers and five distal staminate flower buds; C. Underside of a leaf showing both whitish stellate-lepidote trichomes and brown fasciculate to multiradiate trichomes; D. Leaf base with a pair of stipitate, discoid glands emerging from the lamina; E. Staminate flower (7 anthers missing); F. Staminate flower with stamens removed to show the nectaries; G. Pistillate flower; H. Top view with the ovary removed to show the five nectaries and glandular filaments. [E-F: Cours 1257; G-H: Razanatsoa &amp; Marcellin 279]" figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5722252" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5722252/files/figure.png" pageId="13" pageNumber="340">Fig. 11A</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="13662A598165435BFECBF89E5913F8FC" box="[280,330,1829,1853]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="26.[139,166,1878,1897]" captionTargetBox="[204,1413,279,1866]" captionTargetId="figure-67@26.[607,1010,808,1337]" captionTargetPageId="26" captionText="Fig. 13. – Croton hypochalibaeus Baill. A. Habit; B. Stem (diam. c. 2.5 cm) with cauliflorous flowers; C. Close-up of the underside of a leaf; D. Staminate flower; E-F. Pistillate flowers; G-H. Fruits. [Photos: P. Berry]" figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5721841" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5721841/files/figure.png" pageId="13" pageNumber="340">13A</figureCitation>
). This may just represent growth spurts stimulated by periodic periods of rains following warmer, dry periods. The new species is distinctive in the ± foliaceous sepals of the pistillate flowers along with the stiffly hirsute ovary.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BE236DC8165435BFC99FAFE5D2FF99D" blockId="13.[804,1455,1349,1629]" pageId="13" pageNumber="340">
According to the classification of foliar trichomes in WEBSTER et al. (1996), the larger brownish trichomes of
<taxonomicName id="4C5D4D5F8165435BFCF7FA3E5BC6FA5C" box="[804,927,1413,1437]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Euphorbiaceae" genus="Croton" kingdom="Plantae" order="Malpighiales" pageId="13" pageNumber="340" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="radiatus">
<emphasis id="B929EACE8165435BFCF7FA3E5BC6FA5C" box="[804,927,1413,1437]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="340">C. radiatus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
are fasciculate or multiradiate, with the radii ascending rather than in one plane, and they vary from up to 8 radii per trichome (fasciculate) to more than 8 per trichome (radiate). The smaller, interspersed, whitish trichomes are stellate-lepidote with a larger, porrect, and brown central radius (see
<figureCitation id="13662A598165435BFC48F99E5BBCF9FC" box="[923,997,1573,1597]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="24.[139,166,1804,1823]" captionTargetBox="[197,1433,297,1661]" captionTargetId="figure-19@24.[609,1021,837,1249]" captionTargetPageId="24" captionText="Fig. 11. – Croton radiatus P.E. Berry &amp; Kainul. A. Holotype specimen of Croton radiatus at MICH; B. Inflorescence with a pair of basal pistillate flowers and five distal staminate flower buds; C. Underside of a leaf showing both whitish stellate-lepidote trichomes and brown fasciculate to multiradiate trichomes; D. Leaf base with a pair of stipitate, discoid glands emerging from the lamina; E. Staminate flower (7 anthers missing); F. Staminate flower with stamens removed to show the nectaries; G. Pistillate flower; H. Top view with the ovary removed to show the five nectaries and glandular filaments. [E-F: Cours 1257; G-H: Razanatsoa &amp; Marcellin 279]" figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5722252" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5722252/files/figure.png" pageId="13" pageNumber="340">Fig. 11</figureCitation>
C-D). Similar, but much shorter trichomes are also characteristic of
<taxonomicName id="4C5D4D5F8165435BFBF9F9FE5CF6F99C" box="[1066,1199,1605,1629]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Euphorbiaceae" genus="Croton" kingdom="Plantae" order="Malpighiales" pageId="13" pageNumber="340" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="ankeranae">
<emphasis id="B929EACE8165435BFBF9F9FE5CF6F99C" box="[1066,1199,1605,1629]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="340">C. ankeranae</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and
<taxonomicName id="4C5D4D5F8165435BFB37F9FE5D36F99C" box="[1252,1391,1605,1629]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Euphorbiaceae" genus="Croton" kingdom="Plantae" order="Malpighiales" pageId="13" pageNumber="340" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="indrisilvae">
<emphasis id="B929EACE8165435BFB37F9FE5D36F99C" box="[1252,1391,1605,1629]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="340">C. indrisilvae</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C34765578165435BFC99F93F5BBFF8F7" pageId="13" pageNumber="340" type="materials_examined">
<paragraph id="8BE236DC8165435BFC99F93F5BBFF8F7" blockId="13.[804,1455,1667,1846]" pageId="13" pageNumber="340">
<emphasis id="B929EACE8165435BFC99F93F5BCFF957" box="[842,918,1668,1686]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="340">
<typeStatus id="54E6887E8165435BFC99F93F5BCBF957" box="[842,914,1668,1686]" pageId="13" pageNumber="340" type="paratype">Paratypi</typeStatus>
.
</emphasis>
–
<materialsCitation id="3B353C818165435BFC7AF9385DF6F970" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3420017456" collectingDate="1939-04" collectionCode="P" collectorName="Cours" country="Madagascar" county="Ambatondrazaka Distr." location="env. du Lac Alaotra (S- 39)" pageId="13" pageNumber="340" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Prov. Toamasina" typeStatus="paratype">
<emphasis id="B929EACE8165435BFC7AF9385C95F957" bold="true" box="[937,1228,1667,1686]" pageId="13" pageNumber="340">
<collectingCountry id="F34A764C8165435BFC7AF9385C7FF955" box="[937,1062,1667,1686]" name="Madagascar" pageId="13" pageNumber="340">MADAGASCAR</collectingCountry>
.
<collectingRegion id="4999F83E8165435BFBE2F9385C9AF957" box="[1073,1219,1667,1686]" pageId="13" pageNumber="340">Prov. Toamasina</collectingRegion>
:
</emphasis>
<collectingRegion id="4999F83E8165435BFB02F9385DF2F957" box="[1233,1451,1667,1686]" pageId="13" pageNumber="340">Alaotra-Mangoro Region</collectingRegion>
,
<collectingCounty id="62834E508165435BFCF7F9255BB7F970" box="[804,1006,1694,1713]" pageId="13" pageNumber="340">Ambatondrazaka Distr.</collectingCounty>
,
<location id="8E8260078165435BFC27F9255C8DF970" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03F487CA8164435BFF58FAA15BBFF8F7:8E8260078165435BFC27F9255C8DF970" box="[1012,1236,1694,1713]" country="Madagascar" county="Ambatondrazaka Distr." name="env. du Lac Alaotra (S- 39)" pageId="13" pageNumber="340" stateProvince="Prov. Toamasina">env. du Lac Alaotra (S-39)</location>
,
<date id="FFE3101C8165435BFB0EF9255D7BF970" box="[1245,1314,1694,1713]" pageId="13" pageNumber="340" value="1939-04">
<collectingDate id="EFA7E9F48165435BFB0EF9255D7BF970" box="[1245,1314,1694,1713]" pageId="13" pageNumber="340" value="1939-04">IV.1939</collectingDate>
</date>
,
<emphasis id="B929EACE8165435BFAF9F9255DDEF970" box="[1322,1415,1694,1713]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="340">
<collectorName id="26A8530A8165435BFAF9F9255D01F970" box="[1322,1368,1694,1713]" pageId="13" pageNumber="340">Cours</collectorName>
1257
</emphasis>
(
<collectionCode id="ED4CAE198165435BFA40F9255DF8F970" box="[1427,1441,1694,1713]" country="France" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15763" name="Museum National d' Histoire Naturelle, Paris (MNHN) - Vascular Plants" pageId="13" pageNumber="340" type="Herbarium">P</collectionCode>
);
</materialsCitation>
<materialsCitation id="3B353C818165435BFCF7F9035DF6F90D" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3420017421" box="[804,1455,1720,1740]" collectionCode="P" collectorName="Herb. Jard. Bot. Tan." location="chutes du Maningory" pageId="13" pageNumber="340" specimenCount="1" typeStatus="paratype">
<location id="8E8260078165435BFCF7F9035B83F90A" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03F487CA8164435BFF58FAA15BBFF8F7:8E8260078165435BFCF7F9035B83F90A" box="[804,986,1720,1739]" name="chutes du Maningory" pageId="13" pageNumber="340">chutes du Maningory</location>
,
<location id="8E8260078165435BFC31F9025CDBF90A" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03F487CA8164435BFF58FAA15BBFF8F7:8E8260078165435BFC31F9025CDBF90A" box="[994,1154,1720,1740]" name="Lac Alaotra (S - 39)" pageId="13" pageNumber="340">
Lac Alaotra (
<emphasis id="B929EACE8165435BFB81F9025C04F90D" box="[1106,1117,1721,1740]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="340">S</emphasis>
-39)
</location>
, s.d.,
<emphasis id="B929EACE8165435BFB63F9035DDEF90A" box="[1200,1415,1720,1739]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="340">
<collectorName id="26A8530A8165435BFB63F9035D00F90A" box="[1200,1369,1720,1739]" pageId="13" pageNumber="340">Herb. Jard. Bot.Tan.</collectorName>
3769
</emphasis>
(
<collectionCode id="ED4CAE198165435BFA40F9035DF8F90A" box="[1427,1441,1720,1739]" country="France" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15763" name="Museum National d' Histoire Naturelle, Paris (MNHN) - Vascular Plants" pageId="13" pageNumber="340" type="Herbarium">P</collectionCode>
);
</materialsCitation>
<materialsCitation id="3B353C818165435BFCF7F9685BBFF8F7" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3420017415" collectingDate="2003-07-31" collectionCode="CNARP, MICH, MO, P, TEF" collectorName="Rakotondrajaona et al." elevation="900" latitude="-17.533333" location="Ambodimangavalo" longLatPrecision="1278" longitude="48.8" municipality="Vavatenina Distr." pageId="13" pageNumber="340" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Analanjirofo Region" typeStatus="paratype">
<collectingRegion id="4999F83E8165435BFCF7F9685B8BF927" box="[804,978,1747,1766]" pageId="13" pageNumber="340">Analanjirofo Region</collectingRegion>
,
<collectingMunicipality id="6B86ACA68165435BFC0AF9685C34F927" box="[985,1133,1747,1766]" pageId="13" pageNumber="340">Vavatenina Distr.</collectingMunicipality>
,
<location id="8E8260078165435BFBA0F9685D4DF927" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03F487CA8164435BFF58FAA15BBFF8F7:8E8260078165435BFBA0F9685D4DF927" box="[1139,1300,1747,1766]" country="Madagascar" county="Analanjirofo Region" latitude="-17.533333" longLatPrecision="1278" longitude="48.8" municipality="Vavatenina Distr." name="Ambodimangavalo" pageId="13" pageNumber="340" stateProvince="Analanjirofo Region">Ambodimangavalo</location>
,
<location id="8E8260078165435BFACFF9685D33F927" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03F487CA8164435BFF58FAA15BBFF8F7:8E8260078165435BFACFF9685D33F927" box="[1308,1386,1747,1766]" country="Madagascar" county="Analanjirofo Region" latitude="-17.533333" longLatPrecision="1278" longitude="48.8" municipality="Vavatenina Distr." name="Antevibe" pageId="13" pageNumber="340" stateProvince="Analanjirofo Region">Antevibe</location>
,
<locationDeviation id="9A502FFE8165435BFAA2F9685DF2F8C0" pageId="13" pageNumber="340">
Sahandrazana à
<quantity id="4CA59B398165435BFCACF9555BF5F8C0" box="[895,940,1774,1793]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.0" pageId="13" pageNumber="340" unit="km" value="3.0">3 km</quantity>
au NW d’Antevibe, hors du Parc National de Zahamena
</locationDeviation>
,
<geoCoordinate id="EE69501B8165435BFCF7F8B35B3FF8DA" box="[804,870,1800,1819]" degrees="17" direction="south" minutes="32" orientation="latitude" pageId="13" pageNumber="340" precision="925" value="-17.533333">17°32’S</geoCoordinate>
<geoCoordinate id="EE69501B8165435BFCBFF8B35BE8F8DA" box="[876,945,1800,1819]" degrees="48" direction="east" minutes="48" orientation="longitude" pageId="13" pageNumber="340" precision="925" value="48.8">48°48’E</geoCoordinate>
,
<quantity id="4CA59B398165435BFC68F8B35BAAF8DD" box="[955,1011,1800,1820]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="9.0" pageId="13" pageNumber="340" unit="m" value="900.0">
<elevation id="0070D1EF8165435BFC68F8B35BAAF8DD" box="[955,1011,1800,1820]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="9.0" pageId="13" pageNumber="340" unit="m" value="900.0">900 m</elevation>
</quantity>
,
<date id="FFE3101C8165435BFC2FF8B35C30F8DA" box="[1020,1129,1800,1819]" pageId="13" pageNumber="340" value="2003-07-31">
<collectingDate id="EFA7E9F48165435BFC2FF8B35C30F8DA" box="[1020,1129,1800,1819]" pageId="13" pageNumber="340" value="2003-07-31">31.VII.2003</collectingDate>
</date>
,
<emphasis id="B929EACE8165435BFBA1F8B35D0AF8DA" box="[1138,1363,1800,1819]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="340">
<collectorName id="26A8530A8165435BFBA1F8B35D76F8DA" box="[1138,1327,1800,1819]" pageId="13" pageNumber="340">Rakotondrajaona et al.</collectorName>
298
</emphasis>
(
<collectionCode id="ED4CAE198165435BFA8CF8B35DF2F8DA" box="[1375,1451,1800,1819]" pageId="13" pageNumber="340">CNARP</collectionCode>
,
<collectionCode id="ED4CAE198165435BFCF7F8985B3AF8F7" box="[804,867,1827,1846]" country="USA" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15602" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15602" name="University of Michigan" pageId="13" pageNumber="340" type="Herbarium">MICH</collectionCode>
,
<collectionCode id="ED4CAE198165435BFCBEF8985BCDF8F7" box="[877,916,1827,1846]" country="USA" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15859" name="Missouri Botanical Garden" pageId="13" pageNumber="340" type="Herbarium">MO</collectionCode>
,
<collectionCode id="ED4CAE198165435BFC4FF8985BFEF8F7" box="[924,935,1827,1846]" country="France" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15763" name="Museum National d' Histoire Naturelle, Paris (MNHN) - Vascular Plants" pageId="13" pageNumber="340" type="Herbarium">P</collectionCode>
,
<collectionCode id="ED4CAE198165435BFC7CF8985B85F8F7" box="[943,988,1827,1846]" country="Madagascar" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:12774" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:12774" name="Centre National de la Recherche Appliquée au Developement Rural" pageId="13" pageNumber="340" type="Herbarium">TEF</collectionCode>
).
</materialsCitation>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>
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