287 lines
28 KiB
XML
287 lines
28 KiB
XML
<document ID-DOI="10.20362/am.015008" ID-GBIF-Dataset="1cb59493-1236-4746-930d-9e2b81bab0b7" ID-Zenodo-Dep="7463104" approvalRequired="7" approvalRequired_for_illustrations="1" approvalRequired_for_textStreams="5" approvalRequired_for_treatments="1" checkinTime="1671536497755" checkinUser="plazi" docAuthor="Williams, Jason L." docDate="2022" docId="03F487BDFF894A343BA9FA81FD6E6E25" docLanguage="en" docName="williams_2022_asianmyrmecol_prenolepis.pdf" docOrigin="Asian Myrmecology 5 (e 15008)" docTitle="Prenolepis rinpoche Williams 2022, sp. nov." docType="treatment" docVersion="2" lastPageNumber="7" masterDocId="FFCDFFC5FF8A4A323B01FFE1FFA76B78" masterDocTitle="Description of Prenolepis rinpoche sp. nov. from Nepal, with discussion of Asian Prenolepis species biogeography" masterLastPageNumber="9" masterPageNumber="1" pageNumber="4" updateTime="1671546611552" updateUser="ExternalLinkService">
|
||
<mods:mods xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
|
||
<mods:titleInfo>
|
||
<mods:title>Description of Prenolepis rinpoche sp. nov. from Nepal, with discussion of Asian Prenolepis species biogeography</mods:title>
|
||
</mods:titleInfo>
|
||
<mods:name type="personal">
|
||
<mods:role>
|
||
<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
|
||
</mods:role>
|
||
<mods:namePart>Williams, Jason L.</mods:namePart>
|
||
<mods:affiliation>Entomology and Nematology Department, University of Florida, Florida, USA, jleewill @ gmail. com</mods:affiliation>
|
||
</mods:name>
|
||
<mods:typeOfResource>text</mods:typeOfResource>
|
||
<mods:relatedItem type="host">
|
||
<mods:titleInfo>
|
||
<mods:title>Asian Myrmecology</mods:title>
|
||
</mods:titleInfo>
|
||
<mods:part>
|
||
<mods:date>2022</mods:date>
|
||
<mods:detail type="pubDate">
|
||
<mods:number>2022-12-20</mods:number>
|
||
</mods:detail>
|
||
<mods:detail type="volume">
|
||
<mods:number>5</mods:number>
|
||
</mods:detail>
|
||
<mods:detail type="issue">
|
||
<mods:number>e 15008</mods:number>
|
||
</mods:detail>
|
||
<mods:extent unit="page">
|
||
<mods:start>1</mods:start>
|
||
<mods:end>9</mods:end>
|
||
</mods:extent>
|
||
</mods:part>
|
||
</mods:relatedItem>
|
||
<mods:classification>journal article</mods:classification>
|
||
<mods:identifier type="DOI">10.20362/am.015008</mods:identifier>
|
||
<mods:identifier type="GBIF-Dataset">1cb59493-1236-4746-930d-9e2b81bab0b7</mods:identifier>
|
||
<mods:identifier type="Zenodo-Dep">7463104</mods:identifier>
|
||
</mods:mods>
|
||
<treatment ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7463942" ID-Zenodo-Dep="7463942" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03F487BDFF894A343BA9FA81FD6E6E25" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/03F487BDFF894A343BA9FA81FD6E6E25" lastPageId="6" lastPageNumber="7" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">
|
||
<subSubSection box="[168,482,1376,1400]" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" type="nomenclature">
|
||
<paragraph blockId="3.[168,509,1344,1432]" box="[168,482,1376,1400]" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">
|
||
<heading bold="true" box="[168,482,1376,1400]" fontSize="10" level="3" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" reason="6">
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" box="[168,482,1376,1400]" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">
|
||
<taxonomicName authority="Williams, 2022" authorityName="Williams" authorityYear="2022" box="[168,390,1376,1400]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Prenolepis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="rinpoche" status="sp. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" box="[168,390,1376,1400]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">Prenolepis rinpoche</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel box="[396,482,1376,1400]" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
</heading>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection box="[168,300,1408,1432]" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" type="description">
|
||
<paragraph blockId="3.[168,509,1344,1432]" box="[168,300,1408,1432]" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">
|
||
<heading bold="true" box="[168,300,1408,1432]" fontSize="10" level="3" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" reason="6">
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" box="[168,300,1408,1432]" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">
|
||
(
|
||
<figureCitation box="[175,292,1408,1432]" captionStart="Figs" captionStartId="4.[192,235,1284,1306]" captionTargetBox="[198,1265,196,1266]" captionTargetId="figure-20@4.[192,1272,192,1272]" captionTargetPageId="4" captionText="Figs. 1-3. Prenolepis rinpoche holotype worker (MCZENT00532864).Lateral,full-face, and dorsal view of the body." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7463944" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7463944/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">Figs. 1 – 3</figureCitation>
|
||
)
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
</heading>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection pageId="3" pageNumber="4" type="materials_examined">
|
||
<paragraph blockId="3.[168,692,1472,1720]" box="[168,384,1472,1496]" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">
|
||
<heading bold="true" box="[168,384,1472,1496]" fontSize="10" level="3" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" reason="6">
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" box="[168,384,1472,1496]" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">Material examined</emphasis>
|
||
</heading>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph blockId="3.[168,692,1472,1720]" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" box="[168,547,1504,1528]" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">
|
||
Type material.
|
||
<materialsCitation collectingDate="1988-12-04" collectionCode="MCZC" collectorName="Phil S. Ward" country="Nepal" elevation="2300" latitude="28.6167" location="Mustang District, 20 km SSW Jomsom" longLatPrecision="6" longitude="83.6333" municipality="Province" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" specimenCode="9645" specimenCount="1" specimenCount-worker="1" stateProvince="Gandaki" typeStatus="holotype">
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" box="[349,539,1504,1528]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">
|
||
<typeStatus box="[349,450,1504,1528]" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">Holotype</typeStatus>
|
||
<specimenCount box="[460,539,1504,1528]" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" type="worker">worker</specimenCount>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
:
|
||
<collectingCountry box="[557,625,1504,1528]" name="Nepal" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">Nepal</collectingCountry>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectingRegion country="Nepal" name="Gandaki" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">Gandaki</collectingRegion>
|
||
<collectingMunicipality box="[268,366,1536,1560]" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">Province</collectingMunicipality>
|
||
,
|
||
<location LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03F487BDFF894A343BA9FA81FD6E6E25:8E826070FF894A313A76F9E0FE936D40" country="Nepal" latitude="28.6167" longLatPrecision="6" longitude="83.6333" municipality="Province" name="Mustang District, 20 km SSW Jomsom" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" stateProvince="Gandaki">
|
||
Mustang District,
|
||
<quantity box="[566,632,1536,1560]" metricMagnitude="4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.0" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" unit="km" value="20.0">20 km</quantity>
|
||
SSW Jomsom
|
||
</location>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate box="[321,439,1568,1592]" degrees="28.6167" direction="north" orientation="latitude" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" precision="5" value="28.6167">28.6167 N</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate box="[452,567,1568,1592]" degrees="83.6333" direction="east" orientation="longitude" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" precision="5" value="83.6333">83.6333 E</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<quantity box="[580,665,1568,1592]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.3" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" unit="m" value="2300.0">
|
||
<elevation box="[580,665,1568,1592]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.3" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" unit="m" value="2300.0">2300 m</elevation>
|
||
</quantity>
|
||
,
|
||
<date pageId="3" pageNumber="4" value="1988-12-04">
|
||
<collectingDate pageId="3" pageNumber="4" value="1988-12-04">4 Dec 1988</collectingDate>
|
||
</date>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectorName box="[334,470,1600,1624]" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">Phil S. Ward</collectorName>
|
||
<specimenCode box="[478,545,1600,1624]" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">#9645</specimenCode>
|
||
(deposited in
|
||
<collectionCode box="[216,297,1632,1656]" collectionName="USA, Massachusetts, Cambridge, Harvard University, Museum of Comparative Zoology" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">MCZC</collectionCode>
|
||
).
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
<materialsCitation collectingDate="1988-12-04" collectionCode="MCZC" collectorName="Phil S. Ward" country="Nepal" elevation="2300" latitude="28.6167" location="Mustang District, 20 km SSW Jomsom" longLatPrecision="6" longitude="83.6333" municipality="Province" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" specimenCount="2" specimenCount-worker="2" stateProvince="Gandaki" typeStatus="paratype">
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" box="[313,430,1632,1656]" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" box="[313,421,1633,1656]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">
|
||
<typeStatus box="[313,421,1633,1656]" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">Paratypes</typeStatus>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
:
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
<specimenCount box="[436,542,1632,1656]" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" type="worker">2 workers</specimenCount>
|
||
with same locality information as holotype (deposited in
|
||
<collectionCode box="[216,297,1696,1720]" collectionName="USA, Massachusetts, Cambridge, Harvard University, Museum of Comparative Zoology" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">MCZC</collectionCode>
|
||
).
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection pageId="3" pageNumber="4" type="discussion">
|
||
<paragraph blockId="3.[724,1249,192,1752]" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" box="[724,897,192,216]" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">Similar species:</emphasis>
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Williams & LaPolla" authorityYear="2016" box="[902,1010,192,216]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Prenolepis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="darlena">P. darlena</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Bharti & Wachkoo" authorityYear="2012" box="[1019,1111,192,216]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Prenolepis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="fisheri">P. fisheri</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Williams & LaPolla" authorityYear="2016" box="[1120,1244,192,216]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Prenolepis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="fustinoda">P. fustinoda</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Williams & LaPolla" authorityYear="2018" box="[772,913,224,248]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Prenolepis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="nepalensis">P. nepalensis</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName baseAuthorityName="Williams & LaPolla" baseAuthorityYear="2016" box="[969,1112,224,248]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Prenolepis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="shanialena">
|
||
<emphasis box="[969,1112,224,248]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">P. shanialena</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection pageId="3" pageNumber="4" type="description">
|
||
<paragraph blockId="3.[724,1249,192,1752]" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" box="[724,865,256,280]" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">Description:</emphasis>
|
||
Light to medium brown in overall color; most of mesosoma, head, and abdominal tergites distinctly darker and reddish, which strongly contrasts with lighter yellow brown antennae and legs; cuticle of most of body smooth and shiny, except for light reticulation on gaster and light mesopleural striations; abundant decumbent setae and pubescence on scapes and legs, except for lateral surfaces of coxae, which lack hair entirely; long, erect setae on pronotum, mesonotum, gaster, and anterior surface of procoxae; macrosetae toward posterior margin of head mostly decumbent, and macrosetae between torulae and near anterior margin of clypeus mostly erect; pubescence mostly concentrated on gena and clypeus, with little to no pubescence found elsewhere on head; sparse patches of pubescence on pronotum and propodeum; no pubescence on mesopleuron or lateral surfaces of propodeum; sparse pubescence scattered across entire surface of gaster; head about as long as broad and quadrate, with flat posterior margin and distinct posterolateral corners; compound eyes large and widely set, but do not surpass lateral margins of head in full-face view; torulae overlap with posterior margin of clypeus; clypeus smooth, shining, and strongly medially carinate with prominent anterolateral lobes on anterior margin; antennae 12-segmented; mandibles subtriangular with 6 teeth on masticatory margin; ectal surface of mandibles smooth and shiny; in profile view, anterior margin of mesonotum does not rise above pronotum; dorsal face of propodeum lightly rounded; dorsal apex of petiole scale is sharply angled and forward-inclined.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph blockId="3.[724,1249,192,1752]" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" box="[724,1133,1440,1464]" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">Measurements and indices (n = 3):</emphasis>
|
||
EL: 0.19- 0.20; EW: 0.16-0.17; HL: 0.73; HLA: 0.32- 0.33; HLP: 0.20; HW: 0.65-0.67; IOD: 0.40- 0.43; LHT: 0.82-0.85; MW: 0.25-0.25; PDH: 0.24-0.25; PrW: 0.34-0.36; PTH: 0.23-0.24; PTL: 0.26-0.27; PTW: 0.20-0.23; PW: 0.43; SL: 0.82-0.85; TL: 2.96-3.15; WL: 0.90-0.94; CI: 90-92; EPI: 163-168; HTI: 126; PetHI: 105-113; PetLI: 118-131; REL: 118-131; SI: 126
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<caption ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7463944" ID-Zenodo-Dep="7463944" box="[192,1272,1284,1306]" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7463944/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="5" startId="4.[192,235,1284,1306]" targetBox="[198,1265,196,1266]" targetPageId="4">
|
||
<paragraph blockId="4.[192,1272,1284,1306]" box="[192,1272,1284,1306]" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" box="[192,281,1284,1306]" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">Figs. 1-3.</emphasis>
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Williams" authorityYear="2022" box="[285,472,1284,1305]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Prenolepis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="5" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="rinpoche">
|
||
<emphasis box="[285,472,1284,1305]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">Prenolepis rinpoche</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
holotype worker (MCZENT00532864). Lateral, full-face, and dorsal view of the body.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<subSubSection pageId="4" pageNumber="5" type="discussion">
|
||
<paragraph blockId="4.[192,717,1354,1794]" box="[192,407,1354,1378]" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">
|
||
<heading bold="true" box="[192,407,1354,1378]" fontSize="10" level="3" pageId="4" pageNumber="5" reason="6">
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" box="[192,407,1354,1378]" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">Comparative notes</emphasis>
|
||
</heading>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph blockId="4.[192,717,1354,1794]" lastBlockId="4.[748,1273,1354,1794]" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Williams" authorityYear="2022" box="[192,407,1386,1410]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Prenolepis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="5" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="rinpoche">
|
||
<emphasis box="[192,407,1386,1410]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">Prenolepis rinpoche</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
most strongly resembles five other high elevation species found in South and Southeast Asia:
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Williams & LaPolla" authorityYear="2016" box="[361,472,1450,1474]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Prenolepis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="5" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="darlena">P. darlena</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Bharti & Wachkoo" authorityYear="2012" box="[481,576,1450,1474]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Prenolepis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="5" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="fisheri">P. fisheri</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Williams & LaPolla" authorityYear="2016" box="[585,712,1450,1474]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Prenolepis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="5" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="fustinoda">P. fustinoda</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Williams & LaPolla" authorityYear="2018" box="[192,332,1482,1506]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Prenolepis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="5" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="nepalensis">P. nepalensis</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName baseAuthorityName="Williams & LaPolla" baseAuthorityYear="2016" box="[384,526,1482,1506]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Prenolepis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="5" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="shanialena">
|
||
<emphasis box="[384,526,1482,1506]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">P. shanialena</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
. This new species is similar to
|
||
<emphasis box="[321,672,1514,1538]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Williams & LaPolla" authorityYear="2016" box="[321,432,1514,1538]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Prenolepis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="5" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="darlena">P. darlena</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Bharti & Wachkoo" authorityYear="2012" box="[441,536,1514,1538]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Prenolepis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="5" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="fisheri">P. fisheri</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Williams & LaPolla" authorityYear="2016" box="[545,668,1514,1538]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Prenolepis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="5" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="fustinoda">P fustinoda</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Williams & LaPolla" authorityYear="2018" box="[192,329,1546,1570]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Prenolepis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="5" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="nepalensis">
|
||
<emphasis box="[192,329,1546,1570]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">P. nepalensis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
in the proportions of the head in fullface view: The heads of these species are broad and subtriangular to quadrate, with widely set eyes. However, unlike these other four,
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Williams" authorityYear="2022" box="[553,674,1642,1666]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Prenolepis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="5" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="rinpoche">
|
||
<emphasis box="[553,674,1642,1666]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">P. rinpoche</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
has a much more pronounced medial clypeal keel, decumbent (as opposed to erect) scape macrosetae, and almost entirely lacks sculpturing on the head and mesosoma. The four other species also have an elongated petiole with a rounded apex of the scale, whereas
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Williams" authorityYear="2022" box="[838,955,1386,1410]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Prenolepis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="5" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="rinpoche">
|
||
<emphasis box="[838,955,1386,1410]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">P. rinpoche</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
has a petiole more comparable to what is found in most other
|
||
<taxonomicName box="[1067,1269,1418,1442]" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">
|
||
<emphasis box="[1067,1182,1418,1442]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">Prenolepis</emphasis>
|
||
species
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
: It is subtriangular and not elongate (
|
||
<figureCitation box="[1124,1207,1450,1474]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="5.[168,203,1445,1467]" captionTargetBox="[168,1242,970,1434]" captionTargetId="figure-63@5.[168,1248,967,1434]" captionTargetPageId="5" captionText="Fig. 5. Bivariate plots of measurement indices: (A) Cephalic Index (HW / HL), (B) Eye Position Index (HLA / HLP), (C) Hind Tibia Index (LHT / HW), and (D) Petiole Height Index (PTH / PTW), (E) Petiole Length Index (PTL / PTH), (F) Relative Eye Length (EL / HL), and (G) Scape Index (SL / HW)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7463948" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7463948/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">Fig. 5D</figureCitation>
|
||
), with a forward inclined, pointed apex of the scale. See 'Systematic treatment' section (above) for detailed comparison with
|
||
<taxonomicName baseAuthorityName="Williams & LaPolla" baseAuthorityYear="2016" box="[933,1076,1546,1570]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Prenolepis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="5" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="shanialena">
|
||
<emphasis box="[933,1076,1546,1570]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">P. shanialena</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph blockId="4.[748,1273,1354,1794]" box="[748,950,1578,1602]" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" box="[748,831,1578,1602]" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">Queen:</emphasis>
|
||
Unknown.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph blockId="4.[748,1273,1354,1794]" box="[748,934,1610,1635]" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" box="[748,815,1611,1635]" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">Male:</emphasis>
|
||
Unknown.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection pageId="4" pageNumber="5" type="etymology">
|
||
<paragraph blockId="4.[748,1273,1354,1794]" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" box="[748,882,1643,1667]" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">Etymology:</emphasis>
|
||
The species epithet refers to Guru Rinpoche (‘Precious Guru’) and is an honorific to the legendary figure Padmasambhava, a tantric Buddhist Vajra master who is known and revered throughout Nepal.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<caption ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7463946" ID-Zenodo-Dep="7463946" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7463946/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" startId="5.[168,203,812,834]" targetBox="[355,1051,198,800]" targetPageId="5">
|
||
<paragraph blockId="5.[168,1248,812,892]" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" box="[168,231,812,834]" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">Fig. 4.</emphasis>
|
||
Principal component analysis of 15
|
||
<taxonomicName box="[577,758,813,835]" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">
|
||
<emphasis box="[577,680,813,834]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">Prenolepis</emphasis>
|
||
species
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, with loading vectors of all 17 linear measurements used in the analysis. Numbers on the axes in parentheses indicate the proportion of variance that is attributed to the two highest scoring principal components (PC1 and PC2). See Table 1 for summary statistics of PCA.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<caption ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7463948" ID-Zenodo-Dep="7463948" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7463948/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" startId="5.[168,203,1445,1467]" targetBox="[168,1242,970,1434]" targetPageId="5">
|
||
<paragraph blockId="5.[168,1248,1445,1525]" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" box="[168,232,1445,1467]" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">Fig. 5.</emphasis>
|
||
Bivariate plots of measurement indices: (A) Cephalic Index (HW / HL), (B) Eye Position Index (HLA / HLP), (C) Hind Tibia Index (LHT / HW), and (D) Petiole Height Index (PTH / PTW), (E) Petiole Length Index (PTL / PTH), (F) Relative Eye Length (EL / HL), and (G) Scape Index (SL / HW).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<caption ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7463950" ID-Zenodo-Dep="7463950" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7463950/files/figure.png" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" startId="6.[192,227,1065,1087]" targetBox="[194,1262,195,1050]" targetPageId="6">
|
||
<paragraph blockId="6.[192,1272,1065,1174]" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" box="[192,255,1065,1087]" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">Fig. 6.</emphasis>
|
||
Maps of
|
||
<taxonomicName box="[343,521,1065,1087]" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">
|
||
<emphasis box="[343,446,1065,1086]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">Prenolepis</emphasis>
|
||
species
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
distributions: (A) species found in Nepal and India, (B) species found in mainland Southeast Asia, and (C) species found in insular Southeast Asia and Papua New Guinea. Distribution data were used from various publications (
|
||
<bibRefCitation author="Khachonpisitsak S & Yamane S & Sriwichai P & Jaitrong W" box="[551,820,1123,1145]" journalOrPublisher="ZooKeys" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" pagination="1 - 182" part="2020" refId="ref4702" refString="Khachonpisitsak S, Yamane S, Sriwichai P and Jaitrong W, 2020. An updated checklist of the ants of Thailand (Hymenoptera, formicidae). ZooKeys 2020 (998): 1 - 182." title="An updated checklist of the ants of Thailand (Hymenoptera, formicidae)" type="journal article" year="2020">Khachonpisitsak et al. 2020</bibRefCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<bibRefCitation author="Subedi IP" box="[830,1004,1123,1145]" journalOrPublisher="ZooKeys" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" pagination="99 - 136" part="2020" refId="ref5062" refString="Subedi IP et al., 2020. An updated checklist of Nepalese ants (Hymenoptera, formicidae). ZooKeys 2020 (1006): 99 - 136." title="An updated checklist of Nepalese ants (Hymenoptera, formicidae)" type="journal article" year="2020">Subedi et al. 2020</bibRefCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<bibRefCitation author="Wang WY & Soh EJY & Yong GWJ & Wong MKL & Guenard B & Economo EP & Yamane S" box="[1013,1176,1123,1145]" journalOrPublisher="Asian Myrmecology" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" pagination="015006" part="15" refId="ref5194" refString="Wang WY, Soh EJY, Yong GWJ, Wong MKL, Guenard B, Economo EP, and Yamane S, 2022. Remarkable diversity in a little red dot: a comprehensive checklist of known ant species in Singapore (Hymenoptera: Formicidae) with notes on ecology and taxonomy. Asian Myrmecology 15: e 015006." title="Remarkable diversity in a little red dot: a comprehensive checklist of known ant species in Singapore (Hymenoptera: Formicidae) with notes on ecology and taxonomy" type="journal article" year="2022">Wang et al. 2022</bibRefCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<bibRefCitation author="Williams JL & LaPolla JS" journalOrPublisher="with a redescription of P. dugasi from Vietnam." pageId="6" pageNumber="7" pagination="171 - 180" part="4441" refId="ref5314" refString="Williams JL and LaPolla JS, 2018. Two new Prenolepis species (Hymenoptera: Formicidae) from Indomalaya and Australasia, with a redescription of P. dugasi from Vietnam. 4441 (May): 171 - 180." title="Two new Prenolepis species (Hymenoptera: Formicidae) from Indomalaya and Australasia" type="journal article" year="2018">Williams & LaPolla 2018</bibRefCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<bibRefCitation author="Williams JL & LaPolla JS" box="[357,406,1152,1174]" journalOrPublisher="Zootaxa" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" pagination="201 - 258" part="4200" refId="ref5281" refString="Williams JL and LaPolla JS, 2016. Taxonomic revision and phylogeny of the ant genus Prenolepis (Hymenoptera: Formicidae). Zootaxa 4200 (2): 201 - 258." title="Taxonomic revision and phylogeny of the ant genus Prenolepis (Hymenoptera: Formicidae)" type="journal article" year="2016">2016</bibRefCitation>
|
||
) and can be found in Table S1.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<subSubSection pageId="6" pageNumber="7" type="distribution">
|
||
<paragraph blockId="6.[192,716,1221,1373]" box="[192,469,1221,1245]" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">
|
||
<heading bold="true" box="[192,469,1221,1245]" fontSize="10" level="3" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" reason="6">
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" box="[192,469,1221,1245]" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">Distribution and habitat</emphasis>
|
||
</heading>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph blockId="6.[192,716,1221,1373]" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Williams" authorityYear="2022" box="[192,411,1253,1277]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Prenolepis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="rinpoche">
|
||
<emphasis box="[192,411,1253,1277]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">Prenolepis rinpoche</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
is known from one locality southwest of Jomsom, Nepal and was collected in temperate forest in the Kali Gandaki Gorge, between the peaks of Dhaulagiri and Annapurna.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |