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<mods:title id="F6E4459CCEDBD0582DC9C2CFDC7B05D0">Phylogenomic inference of the African tribe Monodoreae (Annonaceae) and taxonomic revision of Dennettia, Uvariodendron and Uvariopsis</mods:title>
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<taxonomicName id="A8552EE4DFA7EAB588A020AA6D31FAAC" ID-CoL="7F5TX" authority="(De Wild.) Robyns &amp; Ghesq., Ann. Soc. Sci. Bruxelles, Ser. B liii. 321 (1933)" authorityName="Robyns &amp; Ghesq., Ann. Soc. Sci. Bruxelles, Ser. B liii. 321" authorityYear="1933" baseAuthorityName="De Wild." baseAuthorityYear="1933" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Annonaceae" genus="Uvariopsis" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Uvariopsis solheidii" order="Magnoliales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="solheidii">Uvariopsis solheidii (De Wild.) Robyns &amp; Ghesq., Ann. Soc. Sci. Bruxelles, Ser. B liii. 321 (1933)</taxonomicName>
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<figureCitation id="B2F7C51486294FA16055950CEF478B85" captionStart="Figure 79" captionStartId="F79" captionText="Figure 79. Uvariopsis solheidii (De Wild.) Robyns &amp; Ghesq A leaf, upper side B leaf base, upper side C leaf base, lower side D flower buds, side view, var. Uvariodendron fuscum solheidii (top), var. Uvariodendron fuscum letestui (bottom) E inflorescence, side view F male flowers, top view G drawing of: flowers with details (left), young fruits (top right), young monocarp (bottom right). A-C, D (bottom) Couveur 550 D (top), E, F Couvreur 855 G Halle 3474. Photos Thomas Couvreur. Drawing Nicolas Halle, part of specimen Halle 3474 (P)." figureDoi="10.3897/phytokeys.233.103096.figure79" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/909938" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Figs 79</figureCitation>
<figureCitation id="C28F9AE8B1C517260722AC4AE288D5C6" captionStart="Figure 80" captionStartId="F80" captionText="Figure 80. Uvariopsis solheidii (De Wild.) Robyns &amp; Ghesq. - var. solheidii A male inflorescence B female flower, one petal removed, side view C petal of female flower, inner view D carpel, side and front views, detail of ovules E male flower, one petal removed, side view F petal of male flower, inner view G stamen, front and side views - var. Uvariodendron fuscum letestui (Pellegr.) Dagallier &amp; Couvreur H flower bud I petal of female flower, inner view J female flower, all four petals removed, side view K carpel, front view and detail of ovules L male flower, one petal removed, side view M stamen, front view N fruit O longitudinal section of A monocarp Uvariopsis pedunculosa (Diels) Robyns &amp; Ghesq P female inflorescence Q female flower, one petal removed, side view R petal of female flower, inner view S carpel, side view and detail of ovules. A from Tisserant 2422 B-G from Tisserant 804 H-M from Halle 3060 N, O from Halle 2975 P-S from Le Testu 8525. Drawings by Helene Lamourdedieu, from Le Thomas (1969; pl. 54, p. 299), Publications Scientifiques du Museum national d'Histoire naturelle, Paris." figureDoi="10.3897/phytokeys.233.103096.figure80" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/909939" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">, 80A-O</figureCitation>
<figureCitation id="EC7DBFB9F10540520AC45379045C42C8" captionStart="Figure 81" captionStartId="F81" captionText="Figure 81. Distribution map of Uvariopsis solheidii. Shades of grey represent elevation, from white (sea level) to darker grey (higher elevation). The inset shows the extent of the map over Africa." figureDoi="10.3897/phytokeys.233.103096.figure81" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/909940" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">, 81</figureCitation>
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<taxonomicName id="024758C1FF084E792270A10324BE63E3" authorityName="E.A.De Wildeman" authorityYear="1909" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Annonaceae" genus="Tetrastemma" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Tetrastemma solheidii" order="Magnoliales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="solheidii">≡ Tetrastemma solheidii</taxonomicName>
De Wild., Ann. Mus. Congo Belge, Bot. 
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. 5, 3(1): 85 (1909). Type. Democratic Republic of the Congo - Orientale • A.F. Solheid 96 (holotype: BR! (BR0000008824240)); Banalia, Env. de Yambuya; 
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, 
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; 1906.
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<taxonomicName id="327E19384BA46247355FEA5F0EE6174E" authorityName="A.G.Robyns &amp; J.H.Ghesquiere" authorityYear="1933" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Annonaceae" genus="Uvariopsis" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Uvariopsis batesii" order="Magnoliales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="batesii">= Uvariopsis batesii</taxonomicName>
Robyns &amp; Ghesq., Ann. Soc. Sci. Bruxelles, Ser. B liii. 320 (1933). Type. Cameroon - South Region • G.L. Bates 1367 (holotype: BM! (BM000554077)), Bitye; 
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, 
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; 1919.
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<taxonomicName id="B0FF5146DED41841E4A3C0D4BD9078E2" authorityName="Dagallier &amp; Mbago &amp; Couderc &amp; Gaudeul &amp; Grall &amp; Loup &amp; Wieringa &amp; Sonké &amp; Couvreur" authorityYear="2023" baseAuthorityName="Dagallier &amp; Couvreur, comb. et" baseAuthorityYear="2023" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Annonaceae" genus="Uvariopsis" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Uvariopsis letestui" order="Magnoliales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="letestui">= Uvariopsis letestui</taxonomicName>
Pellegr.; syn. nov. concerning 
<taxonomicName id="8067998BBE30F67EE3869D7708F0C03E" authority="var letestui" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Annonaceae" genus="Uvariopsis" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Uvariopsis letestui subsp. var var. letestui" order="Magnoliales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="variety" species="letestui" subSpecies="var" variety="letestui">Uvariopsis letestui var letestui</taxonomicName>
(see details under this variety).
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<paragraph id="90E6D77B4FE3DCA62AB8CD96BD39287E" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Description.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="A172FD9B9B140CDC3A37BA4F132B52EA" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Shrub to tree 1.5-8 m tall, D.B.H 2-6 cm; young branches tomentose to shortly tomentose, old branches glabrous. Petiole 2-5 mm long, 1.5-3 mm wide, tomentose to glabrous. Leaf lamina 131-260 (285) mm long, 40-93 mm wide, length:width ratio 2.1-3.9, elliptic to obovate, coriaceous, base acute to rounded to subcordate, apex attenuate to narrowly acuminate, acumen 4-20 mm long, surface above glabrous, surface below glabrous; midrib impressed above, raised below, glabrous above, tomentose to glabrous below; secondary veins 7-13 pairs, brochidodromous to weakly brochidodromous, impressed above, raised below; tertiary veins reticulate. Flowers unisexual, male and female flowers dimorphic, on same individuals (plant monoecious, but individuals with only pistillate flowers were also reported; e.g. Le Testu 8458). Flower buds long ovoid to conical. Male inflorescences borne on small thickenings of the trunk, mainly between the base towards 50 cm, up to ca. 2.50 m, above the female inflorescence, composed of 1 to 2 flowers. Peduncle inconspicuous. Flower pedicel 9-30 mm long, 0.5-1 mm in diameter, pubescent to sparsely pubescent. Bracts 1 to 2 at base and none to 1 towards the lower half of the pedicel, upper bract 1-2 mm long, 1.5-3 mm wide, broadly ovate, adpressed, semi clasping the pedicel, pubescent outside, glabrous inside. Sepals 2, 1.5-2 mm long, 1.5-2 mm wide, broadly ovate, free, pubescent outside, glabrous inside, brown to red. Petals 4, 5-10 mm long, 2.5-3.5 mm wide, length:width ratio 2-3.2, ovate to narrowly ovate, free, straight to curving outward at anthesis, pubescent to sparsely pubescent outside, glabrous inside, brown to light red outside, dull pink to dark purplish red inside. Stamens ca. 300, 0.2-0.5 mm long, 0.2-0.3 mm wide, anthers linear, connective prolongation truncate. Female inflorescences borne on small thickenings of the trunk, mainly between the base towards ca. 50 cm, up to ca. 2.50 m, below the male inflorescence, composed of 1 to 2 flowers. Flower pedicel 30-198 mm long, 1-1.5 mm in diameter, pubescent to glabrous. Bracts 1 to 2 at base and none to 1 towards the lower 30% of the pedicel, upper bract 1-2 mm long, 1.5-3 mm wide, broadly ovate, adpressed, semi clasping the pedicel, pubescent outside, glabrous inside. Sepals 2, 1.5-4 mm long, 2-5 mm wide, broadly ovate, free, pubescent outside, glabrous inside, brown to red. Petals 4, 7.5-17 mm long, 3.5-7 mm wide, length:width ratio 1.3-3.6, ovate to narrowly ovate, free, straight to curving outward at anthesis, pubescent outside, glabrous inside, brown to light red outside, dull pink to dark purplish red inside. Carpels 30 to 65, 1-3.5 mm long, 1-1.5 mm wide, velutinous, free; stigma globose. Fruiting pedicel 30-176 mm long, 1-2 mm in diameter, pubescent to glabrous. Monocarps, 1-5, 21-70 mm long, 12-30 mm wide, length:width ratio 1.8-3 (measures taken from both dried fruits and their associated specimen label, note that monocarps seem to sink when drying), cylindrical, with 4-6 longitudinal ridges and several transversal ridges or wrinkles, sparsely pubescent to glabrous, bright red, subsessile; stipe 0-4 mm long, 4-5 mm wide, pubescent to glabrous. Seeds 2-10 per monocarp, uniseriate to biseriate, 11-18 mm long, 10-12 mm wide, ellipsoid.</paragraph>
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<emphasis id="8662B67EAB8972F5239D116EE9611C52" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Figure 79.</emphasis>
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(De Wild.) Robyns &amp; Ghesq 
<emphasis id="716ED51E73BBCB92502628492F0F3109" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">A</emphasis>
leaf, upper side 
<emphasis id="AF153843B378C20CE02F5B41358809B8" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">B</emphasis>
leaf base, upper side 
<emphasis id="ADBE66B08510AF86A163E12206185E49" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">C</emphasis>
leaf base, lower side 
<emphasis id="A504CD667580F27037AF9AE2E7E6CD08" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">D</emphasis>
flower buds, side view, var. 
<taxonomicName id="0EA3150C5F56850FDFF74E458AE1D252" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Annonaceae" genus="Uvariodendron" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Uvariodendron fuscum var. solheidii" order="Magnoliales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="variety" species="fuscum" variety="solheidii">Uvariodendron fuscum solheidii</taxonomicName>
(top), var. 
<taxonomicName id="D1277167E8FB3470D4462B1704FDE16C" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Annonaceae" genus="Uvariodendron" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Uvariodendron fuscum var. letestui" order="Magnoliales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="variety" species="fuscum" variety="letestui">Uvariodendron fuscum letestui</taxonomicName>
(bottom) 
<emphasis id="EFCCC1CF74A827FCC226C0DDD6E1F8FE" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">E</emphasis>
inflorescence, side view 
<emphasis id="5211EA91205700AF12117874B90A6BDE" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">F</emphasis>
male flowers, top view 
<emphasis id="7BE633BABC3D0829C4D39DD9D3882331" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">G</emphasis>
drawing of: flowers with details (left), young fruits (top right), young monocarp (bottom right). 
<emphasis id="BC9F04475DF23CF3588AE174A2D01BF7" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">A-C, D</emphasis>
(bottom) Couveur 550 
<emphasis id="86FADCC0EA7052EBC154BD661F937BC8" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">D</emphasis>
(top), 
<emphasis id="B338B0B5DA933E8709CC855A53FAE543" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">E, F</emphasis>
Couvreur 855 
<emphasis id="A6D0937E06BF976EA278470AB45AFE27" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">G</emphasis>
<normalizedToken id="9ABB35A5041416FF0CD0F7BFF5143781" originalValue="Hallé">Halle</normalizedToken>
3474. Photos Thomas Couvreur. Drawing Nicolas 
<normalizedToken id="0D69D80F317BB46D1BE3F14D16B8DCF1" originalValue="Hallé">Halle</normalizedToken>
, part of specimen 
<normalizedToken id="6627ECFF09895999883356AD5ABB21B3" originalValue="Hallé">Halle</normalizedToken>
3474 (P).
</paragraph>
</caption>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="985FEE0EDCBDC6430FE203FF8C643E7F" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="distribution">
<paragraph id="8ADFA2DC00FBD2C20F90B0191441D59C" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Distribution.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="47415C3282CB707D7C046BDF0B3D8EE4" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Element of the Lower Guinean Domain and Congolia Domain of the Guineo-Congolian Region: Cameroon, Central African Republic, Democratic Republic of the Congo, Gabon, Republic of the Congo.</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="8FE9C062795199E6307AA4BA07DA25A5" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="habitat">
<paragraph id="05BB6EBB152CA264ED2220780777645F" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Habitat and ecology.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="BAA37738F10C29AFC4EB7CE129E8C159" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Lowland to submontane mature or old secondary rain forests. Altitude: 0-1200 m asl.</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="39DE763AB1D2C3AEEE37571CEFA1E75B" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="phenology">
<paragraph id="E25A9CDFD4E37983E802223CC354BEDD" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Phenology.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="CBF9B5AAE1BB819DC557AF3A12281921" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Flowers collected from January to May, in November and December. Fruits collected in February, from April to August, in October and December.</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="149CA4A01202ADE2191A8C17B7F013E8" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="vernacular names">
<paragraph id="5E26F913E9A118556C87AB170EF2A9CC" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Vernacular names.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="7AEFE6AA26A287C962E6362A8534A868" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
Central African Republic: 
<normalizedToken id="78A75EA0C0C72D0FE3A7BC49E94339C4" originalValue="‘Molo-Mobay’">'Molo-Mobay'</normalizedToken>
in Bissongo (Tisserant 2422), 'Ita ti 
<normalizedToken id="70AEE2EC5DBAD1924F88564DBB5016D3" originalValue="ngaingai’">ngaingai'</normalizedToken>
in Bambindjere (Fay 8384). Gabon: 
<normalizedToken id="FA096320C7046525DBAD03AFF6B14462" originalValue="‘Héli’">'Heli'</normalizedToken>
in Bakota (
<normalizedToken id="B00BDE35ABD0E1666FC2CD0FFBFE42C1" originalValue="Hallé">Halle</normalizedToken>
3029).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C25A626DE6CEDF85AD590E01336772D4" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="notes">
<paragraph id="4B7C2FE7DF58ADE6B9C9376B93D08C2E" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Notes.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="57FF61A209159767984864F021DAE324" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
<taxonomicName id="3A0A0CDC7AED3316D0DC3E9D6555E9CF" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Annonaceae" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Up. solheidii" order="Diptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="solheidii">
<emphasis id="8DCC2F8431F9ECA1EA7ADDC75D293CBA" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Up. solheidii</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
resembles 
<taxonomicName id="490F9A1FD80933D03A804294D8A49567" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Annonaceae" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Up. dioica" order="Diptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="dioica">
<emphasis id="8D1E030003930A37D766156D4D40D9A2" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Up. dioica</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, 
<taxonomicName id="7643DEB215C0B3CB0CE793D210FD4DA8" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Annonaceae" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Up. guineensis" order="Diptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="guineensis">
<emphasis id="50CCB94F2D5ED5D74271CDFA040EACBF" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Up. guineensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, and 
<taxonomicName id="463E0D766C9C8ED4ACC23A4DDA603211" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Annonaceae" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Up. pedunculosa" order="Diptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="pedunculosa">
<emphasis id="FF2A770B2B8DA5BF8659DF324FCE44FA" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Up. pedunculosa</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
in having elliptic to obovate leaves, with acute to rounded base and attenuate to acuminate apex. Leaf base of 
<taxonomicName id="294D73B642552E885BE7FEB49786154E" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Annonaceae" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Up. solheidii" order="Diptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="solheidii">
<emphasis id="36ABD9FB7299F40012A47731CA846906" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Up. solheidii</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
can also be subcordate, and differs from these species in having young branches and petioles tomentose to shortly tomentose (vs. pubescent to glabrous) and in having cylindrical monocarps with longitudinal and transversal ridges (vs. smooth in 
<taxonomicName id="4A6102347F15236EC5613A1869434DEF" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Annonaceae" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Up. dioica" order="Diptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="dioica">
<emphasis id="F893D2E7A64296550F6F86D23F1DB2D2" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Up. dioica</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, with a single longitudinal ridge in 
<taxonomicName id="BF042333ABB8530EFA82C293AEE86C28" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Annonaceae" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Up. guineensis" order="Diptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="guineensis">
<emphasis id="D4A82C597994EAFF5243AB154794700A" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Up. guineensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and verrucose in 
<taxonomicName id="98465D7D590F3B0F60F674F75FA55484" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Annonaceae" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Up. pedunculosa" order="Diptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="pedunculosa">
<emphasis id="D5E43E6BB7E67A9B23E71391A412478B" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Up. pedunculosa</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
).
</paragraph>
<caption id="54B744725022C94C11D6DB72BCEC3FA3" doi="10.3897/phytokeys.233.103096.figure80" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/909939" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" start="Figure 80" startId="F80">
<paragraph id="B02B4F91F6E08F01572FE5D8CB1123E1" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
<emphasis id="6550B0A4B36FC19CB987C1A12305A37F" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Figure 80.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="0D18AC2DA88C3A62A14767EDF9CE0054" authority="(De Wild.) Robyns &amp; Ghesq. - var. solheidii" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Annonaceae" genus="Uvariopsis" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Uvariopsis solheidii subsp. var. var. solheidii" order="Magnoliales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="variety" species="solheidii" subSpecies="var." variety="solheidii">Uvariopsis solheidii (De Wild.) Robyns &amp; Ghesq. - var. solheidii</taxonomicName>
<emphasis id="89A48FA271FBCA9CFA237C302D3BC5DF" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">A</emphasis>
male inflorescence 
<emphasis id="3AE2C58DC25FEC9680F44BE5F70F9D8C" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">B</emphasis>
female flower, one petal removed, side view 
<emphasis id="1D2D11CF80F84983494F8C9C5D5DBE90" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">C</emphasis>
petal of female flower, inner view 
<emphasis id="2DB4A09106BB3D7789A8ADD226443B52" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">D</emphasis>
carpel, side and front views, detail of ovules 
<emphasis id="F6838C483B7ACCC327F5812D5EF2266D" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">E</emphasis>
male flower, one petal removed, side view 
<emphasis id="1FE40F2B85444A4BD9B52D7D66121F7A" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">F</emphasis>
petal of male flower, inner view 
<emphasis id="0BCB9265B772A3ADDF5DA4FBBA1847F8" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">G</emphasis>
stamen, front and side views - var. 
<taxonomicName id="C218A0DEF462972A1AFBF7356C9D07CC" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Annonaceae" genus="Uvariodendron" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Uvariodendron fuscum var. letestui" order="Magnoliales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="variety" species="fuscum" variety="letestui">Uvariodendron fuscum letestui</taxonomicName>
(Pellegr.) Dagallier &amp; Couvreur 
<emphasis id="36BDCABDF32C1934DCF28771B9ED73CB" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">H</emphasis>
flower bud 
<emphasis id="0105A3F1605D09AA397DD01D6A7A554E" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">I</emphasis>
petal of female flower, inner view 
<emphasis id="231CB1E812495246FA907904E6AE3285" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">J</emphasis>
female flower, all four petals removed, side view 
<emphasis id="5FDAD947055AD36044103DB8B77DA7B7" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">K</emphasis>
carpel, front view and detail of ovules 
<emphasis id="2BEC85D90AD4A4DFA1A3FCE02738C2AD" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">L</emphasis>
male flower, one petal removed, side view 
<emphasis id="4B9DA623394EAEF80B7B560A18632642" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">M</emphasis>
stamen, front view 
<emphasis id="7624331D75B1BFE5125C3216B0A4010A" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">N</emphasis>
fruit 
<emphasis id="0BD869AE0C72E82F6555EA5B49B56054" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">O</emphasis>
longitudinal section of 
<emphasis id="690A42B5C91AC062E40E5DE6B46E95F8" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">A</emphasis>
monocarp 
<taxonomicName id="8C4888A547145907850612E6845D6404" authorityName="Robyns &amp; Ghesq., Ann. Soc. Sci. Bruxelles, Ser. B liii. 321" authorityYear="1933" baseAuthorityName="Diels" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Annonaceae" genus="Uvariopsis" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Uvariopsis pedunculosa" order="Magnoliales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="pedunculosa">
<emphasis id="236EC594F858FC4A38BC07987C58FCB3" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Uvariopsis pedunculosa</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(Diels) Robyns &amp; Ghesq 
<emphasis id="8945249BBA9C1508B444C224CFADDB01" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">P</emphasis>
female inflorescence 
<emphasis id="15880C6FD085C1058A7DC16A80799345" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Q</emphasis>
female flower, one petal removed, side view 
<emphasis id="BF127E7BC7D0AAE489AF566D63387831" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">R</emphasis>
petal of female flower, inner view 
<emphasis id="58CE8D36292A0E077610F955685B7A16" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">S</emphasis>
carpel, side view and detail of ovules. 
<emphasis id="1AD437C9477C8A4D53D0BBD70E2BA420" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">A</emphasis>
from Tisserant 2422 
<emphasis id="87BB85BA5FA32FCAB129DEAB5B5BCD7D" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">B-G</emphasis>
from Tisserant 804 
<emphasis id="51BB3C545CFCA5D42C94752B65BA0F18" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">H-M</emphasis>
from 
<normalizedToken id="F3BBEB41B867C6C7B708B0027FF76355" originalValue="Hallé">Halle</normalizedToken>
3060 
<emphasis id="8C3EC17FABDDEF235CD9DD951C128354" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">N, O</emphasis>
from 
<normalizedToken id="8D597DAD647C9A6E6E8294AE35DCE591" originalValue="Hallé">Halle</normalizedToken>
2975 
<emphasis id="9ADDAF30E11FEE3A692A77910CAE4A93" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">P-S</emphasis>
from Le Testu 8525. Drawings by 
<normalizedToken id="EB80916AA64F65454EB8A78619972879" originalValue="Hélène">Helene</normalizedToken>
Lamourdedieu, from 
<bibRefCitation id="BAFF31A3E45656678F79CDE6EC0EAC6F" author="Le Thomas, A" journalOrPublisher="Museum National d'Histoire Naturelle, Paris" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" refId="B117" refString="Le Thomas, A, 1969. Flore du Gabon 16 - Annonacees. Museum National d'Histoire Naturelle, Paris" title="Flore du Gabon 16 - Annonacees." year="1969">Le Thomas (1969</bibRefCitation>
; pl. 54, p. 299), Publications Scientifiques du 
<normalizedToken id="64564CE35D7730EC08E54E4FB5CA1C4F" originalValue="Muséum">Museum</normalizedToken>
national 
<normalizedToken id="BF899E84685EC657175D10C846E75BD0" originalValue="d’Histoire">d'Histoire</normalizedToken>
naturelle, Paris.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<paragraph id="B97E89F5B86726EC8FBF5B89B1C172F6" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
Here we make the two names 
<taxonomicName id="7A6ACCB07DF11C576C79F5D088CC0465" authorityName="Robyns &amp; Ghesq., Ann. Soc. Sci. Bruxelles, Ser. B liii. 321" authorityYear="1933" baseAuthorityName="De Wild." class="Magnoliopsida" family="Annonaceae" genus="Uvariopsis" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Uvariopsis solheidii" order="Magnoliales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="solheidii">
<emphasis id="6212F5DFF48B273B72E52F6F3B7A4A46" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Uvariopsis solheidii</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(De Wild.) Robyns &amp; Ghesq. and 
<taxonomicName id="E2FCA73EEB24B6E73794A29DB1730426" authorityName="Dagallier &amp; Mbago &amp; Couderc &amp; Gaudeul &amp; Grall &amp; Loup &amp; Wieringa &amp; Sonké &amp; Couvreur" authorityYear="2023" baseAuthorityName="Dagallier &amp; Couvreur, comb. et" baseAuthorityYear="2023" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Annonaceae" genus="Uvariopsis" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Uvariopsis letestui" order="Magnoliales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="letestui">
<emphasis id="9E5B73B46EE81AAF5DD01D57E8EDFF2D" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Uvariopsis letestui</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
Pellegr. synonyms. They have usually been distinguished based on the shape of their petals (narrowly ovate petals in 
<taxonomicName id="C1BEDB315834594552568074A88E36E1" family="Annonaceae" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Ud. solheidii" order="Magnoliales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="species" species="solheidii">
<emphasis id="36EFA06D253D0E65F58FC8BFC30309D0" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Ud. solheidii</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
vs. elliptic-ovate petals in 
<taxonomicName id="53B72789CB69FF3FCFEB102F7DA48719" family="Annonaceae" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Ud. letestui" order="Magnoliales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="species" species="letestui">
<emphasis id="935CA39C6EA4A5E8517C02C4F4ED0F35" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Ud. letestui</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
), the position of the bracts along the flowering pedicel, and the length of the flower pedicels (longer in 
<taxonomicName id="B2FC783BFF59216E3D2775EE217E24C0" family="Annonaceae" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Ud. solheidii" order="Magnoliales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="species" species="solheidii">
<emphasis id="ADD7D9FCE64D767FC66BA5DD1FE05C5F" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Ud. solheidii</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
than in 
<taxonomicName id="E4E0DD7A2967068F1FD65B06D2C45234" family="Annonaceae" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Ud. letestui" order="Magnoliales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="species" species="letestui">
<emphasis id="9533957B2BBF2F4955BD0C7A9D6F3603" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Ud. letestui</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, but with an overlap) (
<bibRefCitation id="CFCEAA47EC19D6540D6F24B89AEF8D45" author="Robyns, W" journalOrPublisher="Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society of London, Series B, Biological Sciences" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" refId="B152" refString="Robyns, W, Ghesquiere, J, 1933a. Essai de revision des genres Uvariopsis Engl. &amp; Diels et Tetrastemma Diels (Annonacees). Annales de la Societe scientifique de Bruxelles Ser. B: 312-322." title="Essai de revision des genres Uvariopsis Engl. &amp; Diels et Tetrastemma Diels (Annonacees). Annales de la Societe scientifique de Bruxelles Ser. B: 312 - 322." year="1933 a">
Robyns and 
<normalizedToken id="B4018AD9F5ACD33C893DB0AFDEB209C7" originalValue="Ghesquière">Ghesquiere</normalizedToken>
1933a
</bibRefCitation>
; 
<bibRefCitation id="E92AF003294AC9E1870D0CE683A43639" DOI="https://doi.org/10.1080/00378941.1948.10834679" author="Pellegrin, F" journalOrPublisher="Bulletin de la Societe Botanique de France" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="136 - 141" refId="B142" refString="Pellegrin, F, 1948. Les Annonacees du Gabon. Bulletin de la Societe Botanique de France 95 (3-4): 136 - 141, DOI: https://doi.org/10.1080/00378941.1948.10834679" title="Les Annonacees du Gabon." url="https://doi.org/10.1080/00378941.1948.10834679" volume="95" year="1948">Pellegrin 1948</bibRefCitation>
; 
<bibRefCitation id="3AAC80183A7D56B3FE904C8E5F3E81D6" author="Le Thomas, A" journalOrPublisher="Adansonia" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="443 - 454" refId="B115" refString="Le Thomas, A, 1965. Notes sur quelques Annonaceae Ouest-Africaines. Adansonia 5: 443 - 454" title="Notes sur quelques Annonaceae Ouest-Africaines." volume="5" year="1965">Le Thomas 1965</bibRefCitation>
, 
<bibRefCitation id="67257D68E3D7E9AF69C68860BC30E820" author="Le Thomas, A" journalOrPublisher="Museum National d'Histoire Naturelle, Paris" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" refId="B117" refString="Le Thomas, A, 1969. Flore du Gabon 16 - Annonacees. Museum National d'Histoire Naturelle, Paris" title="Flore du Gabon 16 - Annonacees." year="1969">1969</bibRefCitation>
). Our observations indicate a high overlap between these supposedly distinctive characters, and difficulties to place some specimens in one or the other group. Our molecular phylogenies retrieve the specimens of 
<taxonomicName id="4A432263A18A967A2C7D5901B87032F0" family="Annonaceae" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Ud. solheidii" order="Magnoliales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="species" species="solheidii">
<emphasis id="1F8648D3B4549ABCD92DA1068DDF9973" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Ud. solheidii</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
as paraphyletic with the specimens of 
<taxonomicName id="AE6C7F46790797A6A6C7A5BC5F4241D4" family="Annonaceae" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Ud. letestui" order="Magnoliales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="species" species="letestui">
<emphasis id="26ABA4E80C88BBC04465C5D1813FD6BA" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Ud. letestui</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
. Together, they form a strongly supported monophyletic group (Fig. 
<figureCitation id="6DF0E9A85C2C04DFAD5B542DBBFEE9E6" captionStart="Figure 1" captionStartId="F1" captionText="Figure 1. Phylogenetic trees of the Monodoreae inferred with ASTRAL, based on 334 nuclear genes trees. The branch support is given as local posterior probability (LPP) in three shades of greys. For the details on the specimens see Suppl. material 3. Insets: flowers of A Ophrypetalum odoratum (Couvreur 82) B Sanrafaelia ruffonammari (Dagallier 31) C Asteranthe asterias (Dagallier 10) D Hexalobus crispiflorus (no specimen associated) E Uvariastrum zenkeri (no specimen associated) F Isolona hexaloba (no specimen associated) G I. cauliflora (Dagallier 44) H Monodora grandidieri (Dagallier 26) I M. myristica (living specimen at NY conservatory) J M. tenuifolia (Couvreur 1019) K Mischogyne elliotana (no specimen associated) L Uvariodendron gorgonis (Dagallier 38) M Ud. molundense (Bidault 2222) N Ud. connivens (Couvreur 1016) O Ud. var. fuscum (Couvreur 990) P Uvariopsis congensis (Lachenaud 1384) Q Up. lovettiana (Couvreur 97 b) R Up. bakeriana (Couvreur 1000) S Up. submontana (Couvreur 627) T Up. pedunculosa (Couvreur 878). Photos CC BY-NC 4.0 A, D-F, J, N, O, Q-T Thomas Couvreur B, C, G-I, L Leo-Paul Dagallier K Carel Jongkind M Ehoarn Bidault P Olivier Lachenaud." figureDoi="10.3897/phytokeys.233.103096.figure1" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/909860" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">1</figureCitation>
, Suppl. materials 1, 2), justifying further the two names actually represent the same species. Given the priority rule (
<bibRefCitation id="E9EB54BD45771E3E2CCAC856209ED4B2" DOI="https://doi.org/10.12705/Code.2018" author="Turland, NJ" journalOrPublisher="Taxon" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" refId="B172" refString="Turland, NJ, Wiersema, JH, Barrie, FR, Greuter, W, Hawksworth, DL, Herendeen, PS, Knapp, S, Kusber, W-H, Li, D-Z, Marhold, K, May, TW, McNeill, J, Monro, AM, Prado, J, Price, MJ, Smith, GF, 2018. International Code of Nomenclature for algae, fungi, and plants (Shenzhen Code) adopted by the Nineteenth International Botanical Congress Shenzhen, China, July 2017. Koeltz Botanical Books. https://doi.org/10.12705/Code.2018" title="International Code of Nomenclature for algae, fungi, and plants (Shenzhen Code) adopted by the Nineteenth International Botanical Congress Shenzhen, China, July 2017. Koeltz Botanical Books." url="https://doi.org/10.12705/Code.2018" year="2018">Turland et al. 2018</bibRefCitation>
), the name 
<taxonomicName id="FC3C4332A037F310037E31A02BD699C3" authorityName="Robyns &amp; Ghesq., Ann. Soc. Sci. Bruxelles, Ser. B liii. 321" authorityYear="1933" baseAuthorityName="De Wild." class="Magnoliopsida" family="Annonaceae" genus="Uvariopsis" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Uvariopsis solheidii" order="Magnoliales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="solheidii">
<emphasis id="90BDEDE3CB04F2E18EF6BFB75C025D50" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Uvariopsis solheidii</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
prevails. We make 
<taxonomicName id="95D0F5507978C5C95716AA47C21BF7BE" family="Annonaceae" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Ud. letestui" order="Magnoliales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="species" species="letestui">
<emphasis id="E910977F5FA27621B264F7FEA598145C" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Ud. letestui</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
as the variety 
<taxonomicName id="FCFD2F9E54BCAC354DDEE70B1A6F7146" family="Annonaceae" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Ud. solheidii subsp. var. var. letestui" order="Magnoliales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="variety" species="solheidii" subSpecies="var." variety="letestui">Ud. solheidii var. letestui</taxonomicName>
, to recognize the existence of this morphotype in spite of overlap of some characters with the type variety (see notes under the 
<taxonomicName id="AC1EDF6448890FE98FABC31D3E240C48" family="Annonaceae" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Ud. solheidii subsp. var. var. letestui" order="Magnoliales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="variety" species="solheidii" subSpecies="var." variety="letestui">Ud. solheidii var. letestui</taxonomicName>
).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C2D0B339DD6E466CF5EB10830A7C6441" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="conservation status">
<paragraph id="13F66386729DBF1BE118C78B6A27B96D" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Conservation status.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="868D4C89BB815A5BC3DC96E6B68BE16B" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">This species is widespread in central Africa. It has been assessed as Least Concern LC (Botanic Gardens Conservation International and IUCN SSC Global Tree Specialist Group 2019b). Here its EOO is estimated at 1,429,739 km2 and its AOO at 132 km2.</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>