311 lines
42 KiB
XML
311 lines
42 KiB
XML
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<mods:title id="5A7BEE0E3CEBED85E8168DA9904C76A2">Revision of the whitefly genus, Asterochiton Maskell (Hemiptera: Aleyrodidae) from New Zealand, a study of intraspecific variation</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="868ECCC14463C68DA0200D8868C13398">Martin, Nicholas A.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:date id="C164083AD41221CF6C6B512BAAD7D83F">2020</mods:date>
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<treatment id="D10287B11803C063FF4E81813C7107E9" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4535092" ID-GBIF-Taxon="177319300" ID-Zenodo-Dep="4535092" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:D10287B11803C063FF4E81813C7107E9" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/D10287B11803C063FF4E81813C7107E9" lastPageNumber="319" pageId="18" pageNumber="319">
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<subSubSection id="11B1652C1803C063FF4E81813B3000DE" box="[151,588,151,178]" pageId="18" pageNumber="319" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph id="591436A71803C063FF4E81813B3000DE" blockId="18.[151,588,151,213]" box="[151,588,151,178]" pageId="18" pageNumber="319">
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<heading id="025C81CB1803C063FF4E81813B3000DE" bold="true" box="[151,588,151,178]" fontSize="11" level="1" pageId="18" pageNumber="319" reason="1">
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<taxonomicName id="9EAB4D241803C063FF4E81813B3000DE" ID-CoL="HTJ2" authority="(Maskell, 1896)" baseAuthorityName="Maskell" baseAuthorityYear="1896" box="[151,588,151,178]" class="Insecta" family="Aleyrodidae" genus="Asterochiton" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="18" pageNumber="319" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="cerata">
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<emphasis id="6BDFEAB51803C063FF4E81813B3000DE" bold="true" box="[151,588,151,178]" pageId="18" pageNumber="319">
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<emphasis id="6BDFEAB51803C063FF4E818138F800DE" bold="true" box="[151,388,151,178]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="319">Asterochiton cerata</emphasis>
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(
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<bibRefCitation id="3D3A4B561803C063FE4D81813B3F00DE" author="Maskell, W. M." box="[404,579,151,177]" pageId="18" pageNumber="319" pagination="411 - 449" refId="ref17408" refString="Maskell, W. M. (1896) Contributions towards a Monograph of the Aleurodidae, a Family of the Hemiptera Homoptera, New Zealand Institute, Transactions and Proceedings, 28, 411 - 449." type="journal article" year="1896">Maskell, 1896</bibRefCitation>
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)
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</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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</heading>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="11B1652C1803C063FF4E81AD384900BA" box="[151,309,187,213]" pageId="18" pageNumber="319" type="description">
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<paragraph id="591436A71803C063FF4E81AD384900BA" blockId="18.[151,588,151,213]" box="[151,309,187,213]" pageId="18" pageNumber="319">
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<figureCitation id="C1902A221803C063FF4E81AD398300BA" box="[151,255,187,213]" captionStart="FIGURE 7" captionStartId="19.[151,250,1860,1884]" captionTargetBox="[264,1320,184,1837]" captionTargetId="figure-15@19.[264,1323,181,1837]" captionTargetPageId="19" captionText="FIGURE 7. Asterochiton cerata (Maskell, 1896) puparium. A. Dorsum line drawing, B. Dorsum slide mount, C. Live larvae and puparia covered in white wax on the underside of Lophozonia menziesii (Nothofagaceae) leaf, D. Abdominal segments VI, VII and VIII, note the stippling on VII, E. Vasiform orifice, lingula setae, F. Caudal pore and caudal setae, G. Antenna and legs, H. Thoracic tracheal pore and fold, cephalothoracic lateral setae, I. Abdominal lateral setae in submargin and posterior marginal seta, J. Cephalic lateral setae in submargin and anterior marginal seta." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4413101" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4413101/files/figure.png" pageId="18" pageNumber="319">Figures 7</figureCitation>
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A–J.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="11B1652C1803C063FF4E80163AB5013A" pageId="18" pageNumber="319" type="reference_group">
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<paragraph id="591436A71803C063FF4E80163BD80177" blockId="18.[151,1394,255,341]" box="[151,676,255,280]" pageId="18" pageNumber="319">
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<treatmentCitationGroup id="79BB11891803C063FF4E80163BD80177" box="[151,676,255,280]" pageId="18" pageNumber="319">
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<treatmentCitation id="D80A10B61803C063FF4E80163B580178" author="Maskell, W. M." box="[151,548,255,280]" page="6" pageId="18" pageNumber="319" year="1896">
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<taxonomicName id="9EAB4D241803C063FF4E80163B580178" authority="Maskell 1896: 425 - 6" authorityName="Maskell" authorityPageNumber="425 - 6" authorityYear="1896" box="[151,548,255,280]" class="Insecta" family="Aleyrodidae" genus="Aleurodes" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="18" pageNumber="319" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="cerata">
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<emphasis id="6BDFEAB51803C063FF4E801638380178" box="[151,324,256,280]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="319">Aleurodes cerata</emphasis>
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<bibRefCitation id="3D3A4B561803C063FE9380163B580178" author="Maskell, W. M." box="[330,548,255,280]" pageId="18" pageNumber="319" pagination="411 - 449" refId="ref17408" refString="Maskell, W. M. (1896) Contributions towards a Monograph of the Aleurodidae, a Family of the Hemiptera Homoptera, New Zealand Institute, Transactions and Proceedings, 28, 411 - 449." type="journal article" year="1896">Maskell 1896: 425–6</bibRefCitation>
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</taxonomicName>
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||
</treatmentCitation>
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, pl.26, fig.1.
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</treatmentCitationGroup>
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="591436A71803C063FF4E80083AB5013A" blockId="18.[151,1394,255,341]" pageId="18" pageNumber="319">
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<treatmentCitationGroup id="79BB11891803C063FF4E80083AB5013A" pageId="18" pageNumber="319">
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<treatmentCitation id="D80A10B61803C063FF4E80083B030159" author="Cockerell, T. D. A." box="[151,639,286,310]" page="281" pageId="18" pageNumber="319" year="1902">
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<taxonomicName id="9EAB4D241803C063FF4E80083B030159" authority="Maskell, Cockerell, 1902: 281" authorityName="Maskell, Cockerell" authorityPageNumber="281" authorityYear="1902" box="[151,639,286,310]" class="Insecta" family="Aleyrodidae" genus="Aleyrodes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="18" pageNumber="319" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="cerata">
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<emphasis id="6BDFEAB51803C063FF4E8008383F0159" box="[151,323,286,310]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="319">Aleyrodes cerata</emphasis>
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Maskell,
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<bibRefCitation id="3D3A4B561803C063FE7E80083B030159" author="Cockerell, T. D. A." box="[423,639,286,310]" pageId="18" pageNumber="319" pagination="297 - 383" refId="ref16912" refString="Cockerell, T. D. A. (1902) The Classification of the Aleyrodidae. Proceedings of the Academy of Natural Sciences of Philadelphia, 54, 297 - 383." type="journal article" year="1902">Cockerell, 1902: 281</bibRefCitation>
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</taxonomicName>
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</treatmentCitation>
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;
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<treatmentCitation id="D80A10B61803C063FD5380083A370159" author="Kirkaldy, G. W." box="[650,843,286,310]" page="49" pageId="18" pageNumber="319" year="1907">
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<bibRefCitation id="3D3A4B561803C063FD5380083A370159" author="Kirkaldy, G. W." box="[650,843,286,310]" pageId="18" pageNumber="319" pagination="1 - 102" refId="ref17079" refString="Kirkaldy, G. W. (1907) A Catalogue of the Hemipterous Family Aleyrodidae. Bulletin. Board of Commissioners of Agriculture and Forestry, Hawaii, Division of Entomology, 2, 1 - 102." type="journal article" year="1907">Kirkaldy, 1907: 49</bibRefCitation>
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</treatmentCitation>
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;
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||
<treatmentCitation id="D80A10B61803C063FC8F80083D590159" author="Quaintance, A. L." box="[854,1061,286,310]" page="5" pageId="18" pageNumber="319" year="1908">
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<bibRefCitation id="3D3A4B561803C063FC8F80083D590159" author="Quaintance, A. L." box="[854,1061,286,310]" pageId="18" pageNumber="319" pagination="1 - 11" refId="ref17446" refString="Quaintance, A. L. (1908) Aleyrodidae (Homoptera) Genera Insectorum, 87, 1 - 11." type="journal article" year="1908">Quaintance, 1908: 5</bibRefCitation>
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</treatmentCitation>
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;
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||
<bibRefCitation id="3D3A4B561803C063FBE980083C120159" author="Quaintance, A. L. & Baker, A. C." box="[1072,1390,286,310]" pageId="18" pageNumber="319" pagination="95 - 109" refId="ref17468" refString="Quaintance, A. L. & Baker, A. C. (1914) Classification of the Aleyrodidae. Part II. Technical Series, US Department of Agriculture Bureau of Entomology, 27, 95 - 109." type="journal article" year="1914">Quaintance & Baker, 1914:100</bibRefCitation>
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.
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<taxonomicName id="9EAB4D241803C063FF4E802B3B75013A" ID-CoL="HTJ2" authority="(Maskell, 1896)" baseAuthorityName="Maskell" baseAuthorityYear="1896" box="[151,521,317,341]" class="Insecta" family="Aleyrodidae" genus="Asterochiton" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="18" pageNumber="319" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="cerata">
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<emphasis id="6BDFEAB51803C063FF4E802B3823013A" box="[151,351,317,341]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="319">Asterochiton cerata</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
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<bibRefCitation id="3D3A4B561803C063FEB5802B3B7E013A" author="Maskell, W. M." box="[364,514,317,341]" pageId="18" pageNumber="319" pagination="411 - 449" refId="ref17408" refString="Maskell, W. M. (1896) Contributions towards a Monograph of the Aleurodidae, a Family of the Hemiptera Homoptera, New Zealand Institute, Transactions and Proceedings, 28, 411 - 449." type="journal article" year="1896">Maskell, 1896</bibRefCitation>
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||
)
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||
</taxonomicName>
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||
,
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||
<bibRefCitation id="3D3A4B561803C063FDCD802B3BBB013A" author="Dumbleton, L. J." box="[532,711,317,341]" pageId="18" pageNumber="319" pagination="141 - 160" refId="ref17002" refString="Dumbleton, L. J. (1957) The New Zealand Aleyrodidae (Hemiptera: Homoptera). Pacific Science, 11, 141 - 160." type="journal article" year="1957">Dumbleton, 1957</bibRefCitation>
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, pp. 149–150, figs. 9–10.
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</treatmentCitationGroup>
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</paragraph>
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||
</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="11B1652C1803C063FF4E80953AE505E1" pageId="18" pageNumber="319" type="diagnosis">
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<paragraph id="591436A71803C063FF4E80953B3001AE" blockId="18.[151,1437,387,1926]" pageId="18" pageNumber="319">
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||
<emphasis id="6BDFEAB51803C063FF4E8095386E01F2" bold="true" box="[151,274,387,413]" pageId="18" pageNumber="319">Diagnosis.</emphasis>
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Covered in white wax when alive. All setae on dorsum except caudal and eighth abdominal setae, are tiny. Transverse suture reaches margin.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="591436A71803C063FF1E80DD3A9B0219" blockId="18.[151,1437,387,1926]" pageId="18" pageNumber="319">
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<emphasis id="6BDFEAB51803C063FF1E80DD383C018A" bold="true" box="[199,320,459,485]" pageId="18" pageNumber="319">Puparium</emphasis>
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(
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<figureCitation id="C1902A221803C063FE8880DD38DC018A" box="[337,416,459,485]" captionStart="FIGURE 7" captionStartId="19.[151,250,1860,1884]" captionTargetBox="[264,1320,184,1837]" captionTargetId="figure-15@19.[264,1323,181,1837]" captionTargetPageId="19" captionText="FIGURE 7. Asterochiton cerata (Maskell, 1896) puparium. A. Dorsum line drawing, B. Dorsum slide mount, C. Live larvae and puparia covered in white wax on the underside of Lophozonia menziesii (Nothofagaceae) leaf, D. Abdominal segments VI, VII and VIII, note the stippling on VII, E. Vasiform orifice, lingula setae, F. Caudal pore and caudal setae, G. Antenna and legs, H. Thoracic tracheal pore and fold, cephalothoracic lateral setae, I. Abdominal lateral setae in submargin and posterior marginal seta, J. Cephalic lateral setae in submargin and anterior marginal seta." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4413101" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4413101/files/figure.png" pageId="18" pageNumber="319">Figs. 7</figureCitation>
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A–C). Oval; unpigmented: dorsum covered in white flocculent wax that extends laterally; found on undersurface of leaves; widest at abdominal segments II & III; emarginated at thoracic and caudal tracheal pores; wax along vertical side walls/margin.
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<typeStatus id="861088051803C063FD5E83023B8B0241" box="[647,759,532,558]" pageId="18" pageNumber="319" type="lectotype">Lectotype</typeStatus>
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||
length 1.0 mm, range
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<quantity id="9E539B421803C063FC2983053DEE0241" box="[1008,1170,531,558]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.125" metricValueMax="1.3" metricValueMin="0.95" pageId="18" pageNumber="319" unit="mm" value="1.125" valueMax="1.3" valueMin="0.95">0.95–1.30 mm</quantity>
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(mean 1.12); width,
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<quantity id="9E539B421803C063FAA0830539B9023D" metricMagnitude="-4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="7.0" pageId="18" pageNumber="319" unit="mm" value="0.7">0.7 mm</quantity>
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, range
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<quantity id="9E539B421803C063FEC1832138C0023D" box="[280,444,567,594]" metricMagnitude="-4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="7.75" metricValueMax="9.0" metricValueMin="6.5" pageId="18" pageNumber="319" unit="mm" value="0.775" valueMax="0.9" valueMin="0.65">0.65–0.90 mm</quantity>
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(mean 0.77). Caudal and thoracic tracheal pores in shallow invagination with 2–3 teeth (
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||
<figureCitation id="C1902A221803C063FF46834D38560219" box="[159,298,603,630]" captionStart="FIGURE 7" captionStartId="19.[151,250,1860,1884]" captionTargetBox="[264,1320,184,1837]" captionTargetId="figure-15@19.[264,1323,181,1837]" captionTargetPageId="19" captionText="FIGURE 7. Asterochiton cerata (Maskell, 1896) puparium. A. Dorsum line drawing, B. Dorsum slide mount, C. Live larvae and puparia covered in white wax on the underside of Lophozonia menziesii (Nothofagaceae) leaf, D. Abdominal segments VI, VII and VIII, note the stippling on VII, E. Vasiform orifice, lingula setae, F. Caudal pore and caudal setae, G. Antenna and legs, H. Thoracic tracheal pore and fold, cephalothoracic lateral setae, I. Abdominal lateral setae in submargin and posterior marginal seta, J. Cephalic lateral setae in submargin and anterior marginal seta." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4413101" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4413101/files/figure.png" pageId="18" pageNumber="319">Figs. 7F, 7H</figureCitation>
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). Margin finely crenulated (
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<figureCitation id="C1902A221803C063FDBE834D3BD50219" box="[615,681,603,630]" captionStart="FIGURE 7" captionStartId="19.[151,250,1860,1884]" captionTargetBox="[264,1320,184,1837]" captionTargetId="figure-15@19.[264,1323,181,1837]" captionTargetPageId="19" captionText="FIGURE 7. Asterochiton cerata (Maskell, 1896) puparium. A. Dorsum line drawing, B. Dorsum slide mount, C. Live larvae and puparia covered in white wax on the underside of Lophozonia menziesii (Nothofagaceae) leaf, D. Abdominal segments VI, VII and VIII, note the stippling on VII, E. Vasiform orifice, lingula setae, F. Caudal pore and caudal setae, G. Antenna and legs, H. Thoracic tracheal pore and fold, cephalothoracic lateral setae, I. Abdominal lateral setae in submargin and posterior marginal seta, J. Cephalic lateral setae in submargin and anterior marginal seta." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4413101" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4413101/files/figure.png" pageId="18" pageNumber="319">Fig. 7</figureCitation>
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I–J), 10–13 teeth in
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<quantity id="9E539B421803C063FC53834D3A9F0219" box="[906,995,603,630]" metricMagnitude="-4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.0" pageId="18" pageNumber="319" unit="mm" value="0.1">0.1 mm</quantity>
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||
.
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||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="591436A71803C063FF1E83693C74031D" blockId="18.[151,1437,387,1926]" pageId="18" pageNumber="319">
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<emphasis id="6BDFEAB51803C063FF1E8369385B02F6" bold="true" box="[199,295,639,665]" pageId="18" pageNumber="319">Dorsum</emphasis>
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. Subdorsal area irregularly marked, submedian area smooth (
|
||
<figureCitation id="C1902A221803C063FC0483693D4A02F5" box="[989,1078,639,666]" captionStart="FIGURE 7" captionStartId="19.[151,250,1860,1884]" captionTargetBox="[264,1320,184,1837]" captionTargetId="figure-15@19.[264,1323,181,1837]" captionTargetPageId="19" captionText="FIGURE 7. Asterochiton cerata (Maskell, 1896) puparium. A. Dorsum line drawing, B. Dorsum slide mount, C. Live larvae and puparia covered in white wax on the underside of Lophozonia menziesii (Nothofagaceae) leaf, D. Abdominal segments VI, VII and VIII, note the stippling on VII, E. Vasiform orifice, lingula setae, F. Caudal pore and caudal setae, G. Antenna and legs, H. Thoracic tracheal pore and fold, cephalothoracic lateral setae, I. Abdominal lateral setae in submargin and posterior marginal seta, J. Cephalic lateral setae in submargin and anterior marginal seta." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4413101" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4413101/files/figure.png" pageId="18" pageNumber="319">Fig. 7B</figureCitation>
|
||
). Submargin extends
|
||
<quantity id="9E539B421803C063FAF083693CE002F5" box="[1321,1436,639,666]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="6.0" metricValueMax="8.0" metricValueMin="4.0" pageId="18" pageNumber="319" unit="mm" value="60.0" valueMax="80.0" valueMin="40.0">40–80 µm</quantity>
|
||
to a row of tiny circular pores that separate it from the dorsal disc and has a dense, narrow area,
|
||
<quantity id="9E539B421803C063FB3083B53C2102D1" box="[1257,1373,675,702]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.75" metricValueMax="3.5" metricValueMin="2.0" pageId="18" pageNumber="319" unit="mm" value="27.5" valueMax="35.0" valueMin="20.0">20–35 µm</quantity>
|
||
wide (
|
||
<figureCitation id="C1902A221803C063FF7983D1398B028D" box="[160,247,711,738]" captionStart="FIGURE 7" captionStartId="19.[151,250,1860,1884]" captionTargetBox="[264,1320,184,1837]" captionTargetId="figure-15@19.[264,1323,181,1837]" captionTargetPageId="19" captionText="FIGURE 7. Asterochiton cerata (Maskell, 1896) puparium. A. Dorsum line drawing, B. Dorsum slide mount, C. Live larvae and puparia covered in white wax on the underside of Lophozonia menziesii (Nothofagaceae) leaf, D. Abdominal segments VI, VII and VIII, note the stippling on VII, E. Vasiform orifice, lingula setae, F. Caudal pore and caudal setae, G. Antenna and legs, H. Thoracic tracheal pore and fold, cephalothoracic lateral setae, I. Abdominal lateral setae in submargin and posterior marginal seta, J. Cephalic lateral setae in submargin and anterior marginal seta." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4413101" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4413101/files/figure.png" pageId="18" pageNumber="319">Fig. 7H</figureCitation>
|
||
). Tiny circular pores on cephalothoracic and abdominal submedian area. Cephalothoracic (pro-, meso- & metathoracic) and abdominal depressions conspicuous.Abdominal segment VII median length,
|
||
<quantity id="9E539B421803C063FB6783FD3C7B0369" box="[1214,1287,747,774]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.7" pageId="18" pageNumber="319" unit="mm" value="37.0">37 µm</quantity>
|
||
, range
|
||
<quantity id="9E539B421803C063FA8F83FD39C30345" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.65" metricValueMax="5.0" metricValueMin="2.3" pageId="18" pageNumber="319" unit="mm" value="36.5" valueMax="50.0" valueMin="23.0">23–50 µm</quantity>
|
||
, about half median length of abdominal segment VI (
|
||
<figureCitation id="C1902A221803C063FCD282193A180345" box="[779,868,783,810]" captionStart="FIGURE 7" captionStartId="19.[151,250,1860,1884]" captionTargetBox="[264,1320,184,1837]" captionTargetId="figure-15@19.[264,1323,181,1837]" captionTargetPageId="19" captionText="FIGURE 7. Asterochiton cerata (Maskell, 1896) puparium. A. Dorsum line drawing, B. Dorsum slide mount, C. Live larvae and puparia covered in white wax on the underside of Lophozonia menziesii (Nothofagaceae) leaf, D. Abdominal segments VI, VII and VIII, note the stippling on VII, E. Vasiform orifice, lingula setae, F. Caudal pore and caudal setae, G. Antenna and legs, H. Thoracic tracheal pore and fold, cephalothoracic lateral setae, I. Abdominal lateral setae in submargin and posterior marginal seta, J. Cephalic lateral setae in submargin and anterior marginal seta." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4413101" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4413101/files/figure.png" pageId="18" pageNumber="319">Fig. 7D</figureCitation>
|
||
). Transverse moulting sutures extending to margin. Pro-mesothoracic and meso-metathoracic sutures, and abdominal segmentation prominent, reaching subdorsal area. Vasiform orifice located anterior of caudal tracheal opening by its own length. Caudal furrow narrow.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="591436A71803C063FF1E826D39B80426" blockId="18.[151,1437,387,1926]" pageId="18" pageNumber="319">
|
||
<emphasis id="6BDFEAB51803C063FF1E826D38F403FA" bold="true" box="[199,392,891,917]" pageId="18" pageNumber="319">Vasiform orifice</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<figureCitation id="C1902A221803C063FE4E826D389003F9" box="[407,492,891,918]" captionStart="FIGURE 7" captionStartId="19.[151,250,1860,1884]" captionTargetBox="[264,1320,184,1837]" captionTargetId="figure-15@19.[264,1323,181,1837]" captionTargetPageId="19" captionText="FIGURE 7. Asterochiton cerata (Maskell, 1896) puparium. A. Dorsum line drawing, B. Dorsum slide mount, C. Live larvae and puparia covered in white wax on the underside of Lophozonia menziesii (Nothofagaceae) leaf, D. Abdominal segments VI, VII and VIII, note the stippling on VII, E. Vasiform orifice, lingula setae, F. Caudal pore and caudal setae, G. Antenna and legs, H. Thoracic tracheal pore and fold, cephalothoracic lateral setae, I. Abdominal lateral setae in submargin and posterior marginal seta, J. Cephalic lateral setae in submargin and anterior marginal seta." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4413101" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4413101/files/figure.png" pageId="18" pageNumber="319">Fig. 7E</figureCitation>
|
||
). Subcordate; length
|
||
<quantity id="9E539B421803C063FD05826D3A5B03F9" box="[732,807,891,918]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="6.8" pageId="18" pageNumber="319" unit="mm" value="68.0">68 µm</quantity>
|
||
, range
|
||
<quantity id="9E539B421803C063FCA1826D3A9703F9" box="[888,1003,891,918]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="7.4" metricValueMax="8.5" metricValueMin="6.3" pageId="18" pageNumber="319" unit="mm" value="74.0" valueMax="85.0" valueMin="63.0">63–85 µm</quantity>
|
||
(mean 75); width
|
||
<quantity id="9E539B421803C063FB63826D3C7903F9" box="[1210,1285,891,918]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="6.0" pageId="18" pageNumber="319" unit="mm" value="60.0">60 µm</quantity>
|
||
, range
|
||
<quantity id="9E539B421803C063FA8F826D39C103D5" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="6.55" metricValueMax="7.3" metricValueMin="5.8" pageId="18" pageNumber="319" unit="mm" value="65.5" valueMax="73.0" valueMin="58.0">58–73 µm</quantity>
|
||
(mean
|
||
<quantity id="9E539B421803C063FECB8289382303D5" box="[274,351,927,954]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="6.6" pageId="18" pageNumber="319" unit="mm" value="66.0">66 µm</quantity>
|
||
); open and pointed posteriorly, floor reticulated; operculum sub-trapezoidal; covering more than half the length of orifice; length
|
||
<quantity id="9E539B421803C063FDC982D53B2103B1" box="[528,605,963,990]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.0" pageId="18" pageNumber="319" unit="mm" value="40.0">40 µm</quantity>
|
||
, range
|
||
<quantity id="9E539B421803C063FD6B82D53A5B03B1" box="[690,807,963,990]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.0" metricValueMax="5.0" metricValueMin="3.0" pageId="18" pageNumber="319" unit="mm" value="40.0" valueMax="50.0" valueMin="30.0">30–50 µm</quantity>
|
||
(range 43); width
|
||
<quantity id="9E539B421803C063FBD982D53D3103B1" box="[1024,1101,963,990]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.8" pageId="18" pageNumber="319" unit="mm" value="48.0">48 µm</quantity>
|
||
, range
|
||
<quantity id="9E539B421803C063FB7B82D53C6B03B1" box="[1186,1303,963,990]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.25" metricValueMax="6.0" metricValueMin="4.5" pageId="18" pageNumber="319" unit="mm" value="52.5" valueMax="60.0" valueMin="45.0">45–60 µm</quantity>
|
||
(mean 53); lingula exposed, almost reaching beyond posterior margin of the vasiform orifice, terminal end slightly expanded and bluntly pointed, length
|
||
<quantity id="9E539B421803C063FE12851D3B6A0449" box="[459,534,1035,1062]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.5" pageId="18" pageNumber="319" unit="mm" value="35.0">35 µm</quantity>
|
||
, range
|
||
<quantity id="9E539B421803C063FDBE851D3BA60449" box="[615,730,1035,1062]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.4" metricValueMax="5.3" metricValueMin="3.5" pageId="18" pageNumber="319" unit="mm" value="44.0" valueMax="53.0" valueMin="35.0">35–53 µm</quantity>
|
||
(mean 45), two subapical setae
|
||
<quantity id="9E539B421803C063FB98851D3DF00449" box="[1089,1164,1035,1062]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.5" pageId="18" pageNumber="319" unit="mm" value="35.0">35 µm</quantity>
|
||
, range
|
||
<quantity id="9E539B421803C063FB04851D3C330449" box="[1245,1359,1035,1062]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.65" metricValueMax="3.3" metricValueMin="2.0" pageId="18" pageNumber="319" unit="mm" value="26.5" valueMax="33.0" valueMin="20.0">20–33 µm</quantity>
|
||
(mean 30).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="591436A71803C063FF1E8545384404B6" blockId="18.[151,1437,387,1926]" pageId="18" pageNumber="319">
|
||
<emphasis id="6BDFEAB51803C063FF1E854538600402" bold="true" box="[199,284,1107,1133]" pageId="18" pageNumber="319">Venter.</emphasis>
|
||
Thoracic tracheal folds, floor not stippled. Caudal fold not seen. Legs and antennae present, a tiny seta on the basal and terminal segments of legs 2 and 3 (
|
||
<figureCitation id="C1902A221803C063FD0E85613A4D04FE" box="[727,817,1143,1169]" captionStart="FIGURE 7" captionStartId="19.[151,250,1860,1884]" captionTargetBox="[264,1320,184,1837]" captionTargetId="figure-15@19.[264,1323,181,1837]" captionTargetPageId="19" captionText="FIGURE 7. Asterochiton cerata (Maskell, 1896) puparium. A. Dorsum line drawing, B. Dorsum slide mount, C. Live larvae and puparia covered in white wax on the underside of Lophozonia menziesii (Nothofagaceae) leaf, D. Abdominal segments VI, VII and VIII, note the stippling on VII, E. Vasiform orifice, lingula setae, F. Caudal pore and caudal setae, G. Antenna and legs, H. Thoracic tracheal pore and fold, cephalothoracic lateral setae, I. Abdominal lateral setae in submargin and posterior marginal seta, J. Cephalic lateral setae in submargin and anterior marginal seta." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4413101" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4413101/files/figure.png" pageId="18" pageNumber="319">Fig. 7G</figureCitation>
|
||
). Adhesive sacs present. Ventral setae
|
||
<quantity id="9E539B421803C063FB0485613C2C04FD" box="[1245,1360,1143,1170]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.05" metricValueMax="2.8" metricValueMin="1.3" pageId="18" pageNumber="319" unit="mm" value="20.5" valueMax="28.0" valueMin="13.0">13–28 µm</quantity>
|
||
(mean 19),
|
||
<quantity id="9E539B421803C063FF12858D384304D9" box="[203,319,1179,1206]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="6.15" metricValueMax="7.3" metricValueMin="5.0" pageId="18" pageNumber="319" unit="mm" value="61.5" valueMax="73.0" valueMin="50.0">50–73 µm</quantity>
|
||
(mean 63) apart. Anterior abdominal spiracles on abdominal segment II, posterior spiracles by vasiform orifice.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="591436A71803C063FF1E85F53AE505E1" blockId="18.[151,1437,387,1926]" pageId="18" pageNumber="319">
|
||
<emphasis id="6BDFEAB51803C063FF1E85F5382B0492" bold="true" box="[199,343,1251,1277]" pageId="18" pageNumber="319">Chaetotaxy.</emphasis>
|
||
Eighth abdominal setae,
|
||
<quantity id="9E539B421803C063FDA285F53BB40491" box="[635,712,1251,1278]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.7" pageId="18" pageNumber="319" unit="mm" value="27.0">27 µm</quantity>
|
||
, range
|
||
<quantity id="9E539B421803C063FCC785F53AE90491" box="[798,917,1251,1278]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.8" metricValueMax="3.8" metricValueMin="1.8" pageId="18" pageNumber="319" unit="mm" value="28.0" valueMax="38.0" valueMin="18.0">18–38 µm</quantity>
|
||
, setae anteriad of vasiform orifice; 7 pairs of tiny cephalothoracic lateral setae (5 pairs anterior & 2 pairs posterior to thoracic pore), just within the area of linear ornamentation; 6 pairs of abdominal lateral setae,
|
||
<quantity id="9E539B421803C063FD13843D3A530529" box="[714,815,1323,1350]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.0" metricValueMax="1.2" metricValueMin="0.8" pageId="18" pageNumber="319" unit="mm" value="10.0" valueMax="12.0" valueMin="8.0">8–12 µm</quantity>
|
||
long, submarginal, close to a row of small pores marking submargin boundary and mesad of the linear ornamentation. Caudal setae
|
||
<quantity id="9E539B421803C063FBD084593D280505" box="[1033,1108,1359,1386]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.3" pageId="18" pageNumber="319" unit="mm" value="43.0">43 µm</quantity>
|
||
, range
|
||
<quantity id="9E539B421803C063FB7E84593C670505" box="[1191,1307,1359,1386]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.9" metricValueMax="8.0" metricValueMin="1.8" pageId="18" pageNumber="319" unit="mm" value="49.0" valueMax="80.0" valueMin="18.0">18–80 µm</quantity>
|
||
(mean 49). Anterior marginal setae
|
||
<quantity id="9E539B421803C063FE7F8465388305E1" box="[422,511,1395,1422]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="6.5" metricValueMax="8.0" metricValueMin="5.0" pageId="18" pageNumber="319" unit="mm" value="6.5" valueMax="8.0" valueMin="5.0">5–8 µm</quantity>
|
||
, posterior marginal setae
|
||
<quantity id="9E539B421803C063FCC784653AE805E1" box="[798,916,1395,1422]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.15" metricValueMax="2.5" metricValueMin="1.8" pageId="18" pageNumber="319" unit="mm" value="21.5" valueMax="25.0" valueMin="18.0">18–25 µm</quantity>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="11B1652C1803C063FF1E84813A0706BD" pageId="18" pageNumber="319" type="materials_examined">
|
||
<paragraph id="591436A71803C063FF1E848138430596" blockId="18.[151,1437,387,1926]" pageId="18" pageNumber="319">
|
||
<emphasis id="6BDFEAB51803C063FF1E848138CF05DE" bold="true" box="[199,435,1431,1457]" pageId="18" pageNumber="319">Material examined.</emphasis>
|
||
<typeStatus id="861088051803C063FE64848E3B4D05DD" box="[445,561,1432,1458]" pageId="18" pageNumber="319" type="lectotype">Lectotype</typeStatus>
|
||
: Pupal case on slide mount in Maskell collection, labelled
|
||
<taxonomicName id="9EAB4D241803C063FB0284813CE105DE" authorityName="Maskell" authorityYear="1896" box="[1243,1437,1431,1457]" class="Insecta" family="Aleyrodidae" genus="Aleurodes" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="18" pageNumber="319" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="cerata">
|
||
<emphasis id="6BDFEAB51803C063FB0284813CE105DE" box="[1243,1437,1431,1457]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="319">Aleurodes cerata</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
larva (Marked pupa in pencil) 1895 M.M.M.
|
||
<typeStatus id="861088051803C063FD4F84AA3A7A05B9" box="[662,774,1468,1494]" pageId="18" pageNumber="319" type="lectotype">Lectotype</typeStatus>
|
||
<taxonomicName id="9EAB4D241803C063FCD484AD3D1205BA" authority="Maskell 1896" authorityName="Maskell" authorityYear="1896" box="[781,1134,1467,1493]" class="Insecta" family="Aleyrodidae" genus="Aleurodes" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="18" pageNumber="319" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="cerata">
|
||
<emphasis id="6BDFEAB51803C063FCD484AD3AB105BA" box="[781,973,1467,1493]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="319">Aleurodes cerata</emphasis>
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="3D3A4B561803C063FC0D84AD3D1205BA" author="Maskell, W. M." box="[980,1134,1467,1493]" pageId="18" pageNumber="319" pagination="411 - 449" refId="ref17408" refString="Maskell, W. M. (1896) Contributions towards a Monograph of the Aleurodidae, a Family of the Hemiptera Homoptera, New Zealand Institute, Transactions and Proceedings, 28, 411 - 449." type="journal article" year="1896">Maskell 1896</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
cf.
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="3D3A4B561803C063FB4384AD3C2605B9" author="Dumbleton, L. J." box="[1178,1370,1467,1494]" pageId="18" pageNumber="319" pagination="141 - 160" refId="ref17002" refString="Dumbleton, L. J. (1957) The New Zealand Aleyrodidae (Hemiptera: Homoptera). Pacific Science, 11, 141 - 160." type="journal article" year="1957">Dumbleton 1957</bibRefCitation>
|
||
. Now held in
|
||
<collectionCode id="3FBAAE621803C063FF3284C938470596" box="[235,315,1503,1529]" country="New Zealand" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34070" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34070" name="New Zealand Arthropod Collection" pageId="18" pageNumber="319" type="Other institutional type">NZAC</collectionCode>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="591436A71803C063FF1E87153D0106C2" blockId="18.[151,1437,387,1926]" pageId="18" pageNumber="319">
|
||
Other material: 10 puparia, Maskell material ex
|
||
<taxonomicName id="9EAB4D241803C063FD2187153A900672" box="[760,1004,1539,1565]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Nothofagaceae" genus="Nothofagus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Fagales" pageId="18" pageNumber="319" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="menziesii">
|
||
<emphasis id="6BDFEAB51803C063FD2187153A900672" box="[760,1004,1539,1565]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="319">Nothofagus menziesii</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
; 19 puparia/4
|
||
<superScript id="AEDE9BEF1803C063FB5487153DE6067E" attach="left" box="[1165,1178,1539,1553]" fontSize="6" pageId="18" pageNumber="319">th</superScript>
|
||
instar larvae (3 slides 03-186a–c), NN, Korere Top House road
|
||
<collectionCode id="3FBAAE621803C063FDA3873E3BF7062D" box="[634,651,1576,1602]" name="Tavera, Department of Geology and Geophysics" pageId="18" pageNumber="319">T</collectionCode>
|
||
junction,
|
||
<date id="2D1510671803C063FCD887313A98062E" box="[769,996,1575,1601]" pageId="18" pageNumber="319" value="2003-09-22">22 September 2003</date>
|
||
, FL & RC Henderson, on
|
||
<taxonomicName id="9EAB4D241803C063FAC287313983060A" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Nothofagaceae" genus="Nothofagus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Fagales" pageId="18" pageNumber="319" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="menziesii">
|
||
<emphasis id="6BDFEAB51803C063FAC287313983060A" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="319">Nothofagus menziesii</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
; 14 puparia/4
|
||
<superScript id="AEDE9BEF1803C063FE40875D38DA0636" attach="left" box="[409,422,1611,1625]" fontSize="6" pageId="18" pageNumber="319">th</superScript>
|
||
instar larvae (5 slides 01-101a–e), NN, Heaphy Tk, Browns Hut,
|
||
<date id="2D1510671803C063FBA5875D3C6E060A" box="[1148,1298,1611,1638]" pageId="18" pageNumber="319" value="2001-05-17">17 May 2001</date>
|
||
, NA Martin,
|
||
<emphasis id="6BDFEAB51803C063FF4E877938EC06E6" box="[151,400,1647,1673]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="319">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="9EAB4D241803C063FF4E877938F006E6" box="[151,396,1647,1673]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Nothofagaceae" genus="Nothofagus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Fagales" pageId="18" pageNumber="319" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="menziesii">Nothofagus menziesii</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
underside of leaves; 9 puparia, 6 parasitised (2 slides #94-004, #94-004c), TO, Kaimanwa North Forest Park, Clement Clearing,
|
||
<date id="2D1510671803C063FD9B87853BBA06C2" box="[578,710,1683,1710]" pageId="18" pageNumber="319" value="1993-12-04">4 Dec 1993</date>
|
||
, P.K. Buchanan,
|
||
<emphasis id="6BDFEAB51803C063FC5C87853D0106C2" box="[901,1149,1683,1709]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="319">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="9EAB4D241803C063FC5C87853D0506C2" box="[901,1145,1683,1709]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Nothofagaceae" genus="Nothofagus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Fagales" pageId="18" pageNumber="319" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="menziesii">Nothofagus menziesii</taxonomicName>
|
||
.
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="591436A71803C063FF1E87A13A0706BD" blockId="18.[151,1437,387,1926]" box="[199,891,1719,1746]" pageId="18" pageNumber="319">
|
||
<materialsCitation id="E9C33CFA1803C063FF1E87A13A0B06BD" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3034006317" box="[199,887,1719,1746]" collectionCode="NZAC" country="New Zealand" location="Auckland" pageId="18" pageNumber="319" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Auckland">
|
||
All specimens deposited in
|
||
<collectionCode id="3FBAAE621803C063FE2487A13B3506BE" box="[509,585,1719,1745]" country="New Zealand" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34070" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34070" name="New Zealand Arthropod Collection" pageId="18" pageNumber="319" type="Other institutional type">NZAC</collectionCode>
|
||
(
|
||
<collectingRegion id="9B6FF8451803C063FD8187A13BB506BE" box="[600,713,1719,1745]" country="New Zealand" name="Auckland" pageId="18" pageNumber="319">Auckland</collectingRegion>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectingCountry id="21BC76371803C063FD0D87AE3A1306BD" box="[724,879,1719,1746]" name="New Zealand" pageId="18" pageNumber="319">New Zealand</collectingCountry>
|
||
)
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="11B1652C1803C063FF1E87CD38D10776" pageId="18" pageNumber="319" type="biology_ecology">
|
||
<paragraph id="591436A71803C063FF1E87CD38D10776" blockId="18.[151,1437,387,1926]" pageId="18" pageNumber="319">
|
||
<emphasis id="6BDFEAB51803C063FF1E87CD3837069A" bold="true" box="[199,331,1755,1781]" pageId="18" pageNumber="319">Host plant.</emphasis>
|
||
<taxonomicName id="9EAB4D241803C063FE8B87CD3B39069A" authorityName="Heenan & Smissen" authorityYear="2013" baseAuthorityName="Hook.f." box="[338,581,1755,1781]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Nothofagaceae" genus="Lophozonia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" order="Fagales" pageId="18" pageNumber="319" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="menziesii">
|
||
<emphasis id="6BDFEAB51803C063FE8B87CD3B39069A" box="[338,581,1755,1781]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="319">Lophozonia menziesii</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(Hook.f.) Heenan & Smissen (
|
||
<taxonomicName id="9EAB4D241803C063FC4687CD3D310699" authorityName="Kuprianova" authorityYear="1962" box="[927,1101,1755,1782]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Nothofagaceae" kingdom="Plantae" order="Fagales" pageId="18" pageNumber="319" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="family">Nothofagaceae</taxonomicName>
|
||
), previously
|
||
<taxonomicName id="9EAB4D241803C063FB0587CD39AD0776" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Nothofagaceae" genus="Nothofagus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Fagales" pageId="18" pageNumber="319" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="menziesii">
|
||
<emphasis id="6BDFEAB51803C063FB0587CD39AD0776" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="319">Nothofagus menziesii</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(Hook. f.) Oersted.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="11B1652C1803C063FF1E86353A88070E" pageId="18" pageNumber="319" type="distribution">
|
||
<paragraph id="591436A71803C063FF1E86353A88070E" blockId="18.[151,1437,387,1926]" pageId="18" pageNumber="319">
|
||
<emphasis id="6BDFEAB51803C063FF1E8635381D0752" bold="true" box="[199,353,1827,1853]" pageId="18" pageNumber="319">Distribution.</emphasis>
|
||
<typeStatus id="861088051803C063FEBE863238E30751" box="[359,415,1828,1854]" pageId="18" pageNumber="319">Type</typeStatus>
|
||
locality, Reefton,
|
||
<collectingRegion id="9B6FF8451803C063FDB286323B900752" box="[619,748,1827,1854]" country="New Zealand" name="West Coast" pageId="18" pageNumber="319">West Coast</collectingRegion>
|
||
, South Island,
|
||
<collectingCountry id="21BC76371803C063FC4B86323D570752" box="[914,1067,1827,1854]" name="New Zealand" pageId="18" pageNumber="319">New Zealand</collectingCountry>
|
||
. The species has also been found in the
|
||
<collectingRegion id="9B6FF8451803C063FF04865138F9070E" box="[221,389,1863,1889]" country="New Zealand" name="Nelson" pageId="18" pageNumber="319">Nelson Region</collectingRegion>
|
||
of the South Island and near Taupo in the North Island.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="11B1652C1803C063FF1E867D3C7107E9" box="[199,1293,1899,1926]" pageId="18" pageNumber="319" type="discussion">
|
||
<paragraph id="591436A71803C063FF1E867D3C7107E9" blockId="18.[151,1437,387,1926]" box="[199,1293,1899,1926]" pageId="18" pageNumber="319">
|
||
<emphasis id="6BDFEAB51803C063FF1E867D384707EA" bold="true" box="[199,315,1899,1925]" pageId="18" pageNumber="319">Remarks.</emphasis>
|
||
This is the only species in the genus in which the puparium is covered with white wax.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |