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<document id="A8343DECCD1F098CD86C447AB6CAD2BC" ID-CLB-Dataset="24063" ID-DOI="10.1080/00222933.2019.1692088" ID-GBIF-Dataset="e6443eb6-bfcc-44a6-a547-7af9a94d4a7d" ID-ISSN="1464-5262" ID-Zenodo-Dep="3665519" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" IM.treatments_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1581529324984" checkinUser="valdenar" docAuthor="Nunes, Rafael V. &amp; Vaz-de-Mello, Fernando Z." docDate="2019" docId="C740D6092A28BB09FEE1E165E5292D55" docLanguage="en" docName="J_NAT_HIST.53.37–38.2231–2351.pdf.imf" docOrigin="Journal of Natural History 53 (37)" docStyle="DocumentStyle:485A7191CD41D6261F41521A3380DC73.9:JNatHist.2017-.journal_article.1cover" docStyleId="485A7191CD41D6261F41521A3380DC73" docStyleName="JNatHist.2017-.journal_article.1cover" docStyleVersion="9" docTitle="Dichotomius (Cephagonus) fissiceps" docType="treatment" docVersion="18" lastPageNumber="2306" masterDocId="3B79AE712A62BB45FFA2E57EE46C2C23" masterDocTitle="Taxonomic revision of Dichotomius (Cephagonus) Luederwaldt 1929 and the taxonomic status of remaining Dichotomius Hope 1838 subgenera (Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae: Scarabaeinae: Dichotomiini)" masterLastPageNumber="2351" masterPageNumber="2231" pageNumber="2304" updateTime="1698782751744" updateUser="ExternalLinkService">
<mods:mods id="0D33B660EF6795384D1E1CA56C5DF0F7" xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
<mods:titleInfo id="70937D0484C843C50741B77DC286D6FC">
<mods:title id="4032828EE271D91260F02E27B981C3EB">Taxonomic revision of Dichotomius (Cephagonus) Luederwaldt 1929 and the taxonomic status of remaining Dichotomius Hope 1838 subgenera (Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae: Scarabaeinae: Dichotomiini)</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="85467D14FD825AF9A053FC629E174E8E">Nunes, Rafael V.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="5A37E7C0D53FC23C9858E136E6E2F38F">Vaz-de-Mello, Fernando Z.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:title id="35EA00E0796CAB8D1F0B845A90A664D3">Journal of Natural History</mods:title>
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<mods:date id="F851CB9648D32FBC58978451B0229FDD">2019</mods:date>
<mods:detail id="178DAEEB24FF4C0E93793F6E5AC1756C" type="pubDate">
<mods:number id="B324F58EFBE82D0E62D45D27061E4F44">2020-01-13</mods:number>
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<mods:classification id="024CB7707EBBD3B9E4800D7849B4B65D">journal article</mods:classification>
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<mods:identifier id="2F45B2BBD621370287334BB62A329963" type="DOI">10.1080/00222933.2019.1692088</mods:identifier>
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<treatment id="C740D6092A28BB09FEE1E165E5292D55" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3671898" ID-GBIF-Taxon="162116284" ID-Zenodo-Dep="3671898" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:C740D6092A28BB09FEE1E165E5292D55" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/C740D6092A28BB09FEE1E165E5292D55" lastPageId="76" lastPageNumber="2306" pageId="74" pageNumber="2304">
<subSubSection id="07F334942A28BB0FFEE1E165E6B8287B" pageId="74" pageNumber="2304" type="nomenclature">
<paragraph id="4F56671F2A28BB0FFEE1E165E6B8287B" blockId="74.[323,992,1051,1112]" pageId="74" pageNumber="2304">
<heading id="141ED0732A28BB0FFEE1E165E6B8287B" centered="true" fontSize="11" level="2" pageId="74" pageNumber="2304" reason="5">
3.2.:
<taxonomicName id="88E91C9C2A28BB0FFEDEE165E78C2816" ID-CoL="35N9Y" authority="(Felsche 1901)" baseAuthorityName="Felsche" baseAuthorityYear="1901" box="[380,992,1051,1077]" class="Insecta" family="Scarabaeidae" genus="Dichotomius" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="74" pageNumber="2304" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="fissiceps" subGenus="Cephagonus">
<emphasis id="7D9DBB0D2A28BB0FFEDEE165E74B2816" box="[380,807,1051,1077]" italics="true" pageId="74" pageNumber="2304">Dichotomius (Cephagonus) fissiceps</emphasis>
(
<bibRefCitation id="2B781AEE2A28BB0FFC94E165E7BB2816" author="Felsche C" box="[822,983,1051,1077]" pageId="74" pageNumber="2304" pagination="135 - 155" refId="ref52641" refString="Felsche C. 1901. Beschreibungen coprophage Scarabaeiden. Dtsch Entomol Z. 2: 135 - 155." type="journal article" year="1901">Felsche 1901</bibRefCitation>
)
</taxonomicName>
(
<figureCitation id="D7D27B9A2A28BB0FFDF5E140E6A0287B" box="[599,716,1086,1112]" captionStart="Figure 28" captionStartId="43.[160,225,1293,1316]" captionTargetBox="[166,1153,142,1261]" captionTargetId="figure@43.[163,1153,142,1261]" captionTargetPageId="43" captionText="Figure 28. D. fissiceps: (a) Lectotype dorsal habitus; (b) male dorsal habitus; (c) type labels; (d) paramera dorsal view; (e) paramera ventral view; (f) paramera lateral view." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3665571" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3665571/files/figure.png" pageId="74" pageNumber="2304">Figure 28</figureCitation>
)
</heading>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="07F334942A28BB0FFF02E10AE61E28F2" pageId="74" pageNumber="2304" type="reference_group">
<paragraph id="4F56671F2A28BB0FFF02E10AE65528AF" blockId="74.[160,632,1139,1233]" box="[160,569,1139,1164]" pageId="74" pageNumber="2304">
<taxonomicName id="88E91C9C2A28BB0FFF02E10AE58B28AF" authority="Felsche 1901" authorityName="Felsche" authorityYear="1901" box="[160,487,1139,1164]" class="Insecta" family="Scarabaeidae" genus="Pinotus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="74" pageNumber="2304" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="fissiceps">
<emphasis id="7D9DBB0D2A28BB0FFF02E10AE52228AF" box="[160,334,1139,1164]" italics="true" pageId="74" pageNumber="2304">Pinotus fissiceps</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="2B781AEE2A28BB0FFEF4E10AE58B28AF" author="Felsche C" box="[342,487,1140,1164]" pageId="74" pageNumber="2304" pagination="135 - 155" refId="ref52641" refString="Felsche C. 1901. Beschreibungen coprophage Scarabaeiden. Dtsch Entomol Z. 2: 135 - 155." type="journal article" year="1901">Felsche 1901</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
ı p. 142
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="4F56671F2A28BB0FFF02E1E8E614288D" blockId="74.[160,632,1139,1233]" box="[160,632,1174,1198]" pageId="74" pageNumber="2304">
<taxonomicName id="88E91C9C2A28BB0FFF02E1E8E522288D" authorityName="Felsche" authorityYear="1901" box="[160,334,1174,1198]" class="Insecta" family="Scarabaeidae" genus="Pinotus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="74" pageNumber="2304" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="fissiceps">
<emphasis id="7D9DBB0D2A28BB0FFF02E1E8E522288D" box="[160,334,1174,1198]" italics="true" pageId="74" pageNumber="2304">Pinotus fissiceps</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
ı
<bibRefCitation id="2B781AEE2A28BB0FFEF9E1E8E64A288D" author="Luederwaldt H" box="[347,550,1174,1198]" pageId="74" pageNumber="2304" pagination="603 - 776" refId="ref53282" refString="Luederwaldt H. 1929. As especies brasileiras do genero. Pinotus. Rev Museu Paulista. 16: 603 - 776." type="journal article" year="1929">
Luederwaldt
<date id="3B5741DF2A28BB0FFE4DE1E8E64A288D" box="[495,550,1174,1198]" pageId="74" pageNumber="2304" value="1929-01">1929</date>
</bibRefCitation>
ı p. 111
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="4F56671F2A28BB0FFF02E1C7E61E28F2" blockId="74.[160,632,1139,1233]" box="[160,626,1209,1233]" pageId="74" pageNumber="2304">
<taxonomicName id="88E91C9C2A28BB0FFF02E1C7E52228F2" authorityName="Felsche" authorityYear="1901" box="[160,334,1209,1233]" class="Insecta" family="Scarabaeidae" genus="Pinotus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="74" pageNumber="2304" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="fissiceps">
<emphasis id="7D9DBB0D2A28BB0FFF02E1C7E52228F2" box="[160,334,1209,1233]" italics="true" pageId="74" pageNumber="2304">Pinotus fissiceps</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
ı
<bibRefCitation id="2B781AEE2A28BB0FFEF9E1C7E64C28F2" author="Blackwelder RE" box="[347,544,1209,1233]" pageId="74" pageNumber="2304" pagination="189 - 341" refId="ref52149" refString="Blackwelder RE. 1944. Checklist of the Coleopterous insects of Mexicoi Central Americai the West Indies and South America. Nat Hist Mus Bull. 185: 189 - 341." type="journal article" year="1944">
Blackwelder
<date id="3B5741DF2A28BB0FFE4BE1C7E64C28F2" box="[489,544,1209,1233]" pageId="74" pageNumber="2304" value="1944-01">1944</date>
</bibRefCitation>
ı p. 208
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="07F334942A28BB0FFF02E078E5742A31" pageId="74" pageNumber="2304" type="diagnosis">
<paragraph id="4F56671F2A28BB0FFF02E078E5742A31" blockId="74.[160,1156,1286,1554]" pageId="74" pageNumber="2304">
<emphasis id="7D9DBB0D2A28BB0FFF02E078E576293C" bold="true" box="[160,282,1286,1311]" italics="true" pageId="74" pageNumber="2304">Diagnosis.</emphasis>
this species is separated from other in the group by the following combined characters: clypeo-genal angulation in larger males acute and forming a teeth (like
<emphasis id="7D9DBB0D2A28BB0FFF02E033E6212946" box="[160,589,1357,1381]" italics="true" pageId="74" pageNumber="2304">
<taxonomicName id="88E91C9C2A28BB0FFF02E033E5472946" authorityName="Nunes &amp; Vaz-de-Mello" authorityYear="2019" box="[160,299,1357,1381]" class="Insecta" family="Scarabaeidae" genus="Dichotomius" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="74" pageNumber="2304" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="edmondsi">D. edmondsi</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName id="88E91C9C2A28BB0FFE9BE033E5AE2946" authorityName="Nunes &amp; Vaz-de-Mello" authorityYear="2019" box="[313,450,1357,1381]" class="Insecta" family="Scarabaeidae" genus="Dichotomius" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="74" pageNumber="2304" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="paschoali">D. paschoali</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName id="88E91C9C2A28BB0FFE6DE033E6212946" authorityName="Nunes &amp; Vaz-de-Mello" authorityYear="2019" box="[463,589,1357,1381]" class="Insecta" family="Scarabaeidae" genus="Dichotomius" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="74" pageNumber="2304" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="frizzasae">D. frizzasae</taxonomicName>
</emphasis>
); males pronotal disc with a central pair of lobes on anterior portion; males cephalic horn or tubercle rounded apically and paramera in dorsal and ventral view with sub-apical spine and abruptly narrowed towards apex. Externallyı this species is very similar to
<emphasis id="7D9DBB0D2A28BB0FFD3DE0CBE02429EE" box="[671,1096,1461,1485]" italics="true" pageId="74" pageNumber="2304">
<taxonomicName id="88E91C9C2A28BB0FFD3DE0CBE76329EE" box="[671,783,1461,1485]" class="Insecta" family="Scarabaeidae" genus="Dichotomius" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="74" pageNumber="2304" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="reichei">D. reichei</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName id="88E91C9C2A28BB0FFC81E0CBE7C629EE" authorityName="Nunes &amp; Vaz-de-Mello" authorityYear="2019" box="[803,938,1461,1485]" class="Insecta" family="Scarabaeidae" genus="Dichotomius" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="74" pageNumber="2304" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="frizzasae">D. frizzasae</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName id="88E91C9C2A28BB0FFC1CE0CBE02429EE" authorityName="Nunes &amp; Vaz-de-Mello" authorityYear="2019" box="[958,1096,1461,1485]" class="Insecta" family="Scarabaeidae" genus="Dichotomius" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="74" pageNumber="2304" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="barbarae">D. barbarae</taxonomicName>
</emphasis>
and
<taxonomicName id="88E91C9C2A28BB0FFF02E0A9E57729CC" authorityName="Nunes &amp; Vaz-de-Mello" authorityYear="2019" box="[160,283,1495,1519]" class="Insecta" family="Scarabaeidae" genus="Dichotomius" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="74" pageNumber="2304" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="furtadoi">
<emphasis id="7D9DBB0D2A28BB0FFF02E0A9E57729CC" box="[160,283,1495,1519]" italics="true" pageId="74" pageNumber="2304">D. furtadoi</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and is differentiated by
<typeStatus id="9052D9BD2A28BB0FFDEDE0A9E6ED29CC" box="[591,641,1495,1519]" pageId="74" pageNumber="2304">type</typeStatus>
locality and paramera characters (key and diagnosis).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="07F334942A28BB0EFF1CE33EE7632E8C" lastPageId="75" lastPageNumber="2305" pageId="74" pageNumber="2304" type="materials_examined">
<paragraph id="4F56671F2A28BB0EFF1CE33EE5E72CE9" blockId="74.[190,1155,1599,1727]" lastBlockId="75.[190,1155,143,340]" lastPageId="75" lastPageNumber="2305" pageId="74" pageNumber="2304">
<emphasis id="7D9DBB0D2A28BB0FFF1CE33EE4A02A77" bold="true" box="[190,204,1600,1620]" pageId="74" pageNumber="2304">●</emphasis>
<typeStatus id="9052D9BD2A28BB0FFF7AE341E5342A74" box="[216,344,1599,1623]" pageId="74" pageNumber="2304" type="lectotype">LECTOTYPE</typeStatus>
of
<taxonomicName id="88E91C9C2A28BB0FFE22E341E6432A74" authorityName="Felsche" authorityYear="1901" box="[384,559,1599,1623]" class="Insecta" family="Scarabaeidae" genus="Pinotus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="74" pageNumber="2304" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="fissiceps">
<emphasis id="7D9DBB0D2A28BB0FFE22E341E6432A74" box="[384,559,1599,1623]" italics="true" pageId="74" pageNumber="2304">Pinotus fissiceps</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(maleı here designated) (
<figureCitation id="D7D27B9A2A28BB0FFCF6E341E7AD2A74" box="[852,961,1599,1623]" captionStart="Figure 28" captionStartId="43.[160,225,1293,1316]" captionTargetBox="[166,1153,142,1261]" captionTargetId="figure@43.[163,1153,142,1261]" captionTargetPageId="43" captionText="Figure 28. D. fissiceps: (a) Lectotype dorsal habitus; (b) male dorsal habitus; (c) type labels; (d) paramera dorsal view; (e) paramera ventral view; (f) paramera lateral view." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3665571" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3665571/files/figure.png" pageId="74" pageNumber="2304">Figure 28</figureCitation>
(c)): Sanga {white with black marginsı handwritten}/
<taxonomicName id="88E91C9C2A28BB0FFDEDE31CE6922A59" authority="Felsche" authorityName="Felsche" authorityYear="1901" box="[591,766,1634,1658]" class="Insecta" family="Scarabaeidae" genus="Pinotus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="74" pageNumber="2304" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="fissiceps">
<emphasis id="7D9DBB0D2A28BB0FFDEDE31CE6C92A59" box="[591,677,1634,1658]" italics="true" pageId="74" pageNumber="2304">fissiceps</emphasis>
Felsche
</taxonomicName>
<collectingCountry id="37FE278F2A28BB0FFCA1E31CE7212A59" box="[771,845,1634,1658]" name="Bolivia" pageId="74" pageNumber="2304">Bolivia</collectingCountry>
{white with purple marginsı handwritten}/Typus {organgeı printed}/Coll.
<emphasis id="7D9DBB0D2A28BB0FFD48E3FBE6952ABE" box="[746,761,1669,1693]" italics="true" pageId="74" pageNumber="2304">C</emphasis>
. Felsche Kauf
<date id="3B5741DF2A28BB0FFC1BE3FBE04F2ABE" box="[953,1059,1669,1693]" pageId="74" pageNumber="2304" value="1918-01-20">20ı 1918</date>
{greenı printed}/Museum für Tierkunde Dresden (
<collectionCode id="29F8FFDA2A28BB0FFD0DE3D9E68B2A9C" box="[687,743,1703,1727]" country="Germany" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/4j3t-w40g" name="Museum of Zoology Senckenberg Dresden" pageId="74" pageNumber="2304">MTD</collectionCode>
) {whiteı printed}/
<typeStatus id="9052D9BD2A28BB0FFC3FE3D9E0402A9C" box="[925,1068,1703,1727]" pageId="74" pageNumber="2304" type="lectotype">LECTOTYPE</typeStatus>
<taxonomicName id="88E91C9C2A28BB0EFB91E3D9E5E42C84" authority="Felsche" authorityName="Felsche" authorityYear="1901" class="Insecta" family="Scarabaeidae" genus="Pinotus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lastPageId="75" lastPageNumber="2305" order="Coleoptera" pageId="74" pageNumber="2304" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="fissiceps">
<emphasis id="7D9DBB0D2A28BB0EFB91E3D9E5422C84" italics="true" lastPageId="75" lastPageNumber="2305" pageId="74" pageNumber="2304">Pinotus fissiceps</emphasis>
Felsche
</taxonomicName>
des. F.Z. Vaz-de-Melloı 2014 {red with black marginsı partially handwritten} [
<collectionCode id="29F8FFDA2A29BB0EFE9EE5CCE5EE2CE9" box="[316,386,178,202]" pageId="75" pageNumber="2305">SNSD</collectionCode>
];
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="4F56671F2A29BB0EFF1CE5ABE5A82D77" blockId="75.[190,1155,143,340]" pageId="75" pageNumber="2305">
<emphasis id="7D9DBB0D2A29BB0EFF1CE5ABE4A02CCA" bold="true" box="[190,204,213,233]" pageId="75" pageNumber="2305">●</emphasis>
<typeStatus id="9052D9BD2A29BB0EFF7AE5AAE5F92CCF" box="[216,405,212,236]" pageId="75" pageNumber="2305" type="paralectotype">PARALECTOTYPE</typeStatus>
(female): Sanga {white with black margins}/Coll.
<emphasis id="7D9DBB0D2A29BB0EFC1CE5AAE7A12CCF" box="[958,973,212,236]" italics="true" pageId="75" pageNumber="2305">C</emphasis>
. Felsche {greenı printed}/Museum für Tierkunde Dresden (
<collectionCode id="29F8FFDA2A29BB0EFD63E589E6952D2C" box="[705,761,247,271]" country="Germany" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/4j3t-w40g" name="Museum of Zoology Senckenberg Dresden" pageId="75" pageNumber="2305">MTD</collectionCode>
) {whiteı printed}/
<typeStatus id="9052D9BD2A29BB0EFC14E589E0EF2D2C" box="[950,1155,247,271]" pageId="75" pageNumber="2305" type="paralectotype">PARALECTOTYPE</typeStatus>
<taxonomicName id="88E91C9C2A29BB0EFF7AE464E5B12D11" authority="Felsche" authorityName="Felsche" authorityYear="1901" box="[216,477,281,306]" class="Insecta" family="Scarabaeidae" genus="Pinotus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="75" pageNumber="2305" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="fissiceps">
<emphasis id="7D9DBB0D2A29BB0EFF7AE464E5E82D11" box="[216,388,281,306]" italics="true" pageId="75" pageNumber="2305">Pinotus fissiceps</emphasis>
Felsche
</taxonomicName>
des. F.Z. Vaz-de-Melloı 2014 {red with black marginsı partially handwritten} [
<collectionCode id="29F8FFDA2A29BB0EFED4E442E5D02D77" box="[374,444,316,340]" pageId="75" pageNumber="2305">SNSD</collectionCode>
].
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="4F56671F2A29BB0EFF02E4FFE7632E8C" blockId="75.[160,1156,385,687]" pageId="75" pageNumber="2305">
<emphasis id="7D9DBB0D2A29BB0EFF02E4FFE66B2DB9" bold="true" box="[160,519,385,410]" italics="true" pageId="75" pageNumber="2305">
Non
<typeStatus id="9052D9BD2A29BB0EFF7FE4FFE57C2DB9" box="[221,272,385,410]" pageId="75" pageNumber="2305">type</typeStatus>
material examined.
</emphasis>
<collectingCountry id="37FE278F2A29BB0EFDB4E4FCE6022DB9" box="[534,622,386,410]" name="Bolivia" pageId="75" pageNumber="2305">BOLIVIA</collectingCountry>
:
<emphasis id="7D9DBB0D2A29BB0EFDDEE4FCE76C2DB9" bold="true" box="[636,768,386,410]" pageId="75" pageNumber="2305">
<collectingRegion id="8D2DA9FD2A29BB0EFDDEE4FCE76C2DB9" box="[636,768,386,410]" country="Bolivia" name="Chuquisaca" pageId="75" pageNumber="2305">Chuquisaca</collectingRegion>
</emphasis>
: Monteagudo.
<quantity id="8811CAFA2A29BB0EFC0FE4FCE0692DB9" box="[941,1029,386,410]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.4" pageId="75" pageNumber="2305" unit="m" value="1400.0">1400 m</quantity>
.
<date id="3B5741DF2A29BB0EFBB6E4FCE0132DB9" box="[1044,1151,386,410]" pageId="75" pageNumber="2305" value="2001-10-18">18-x-2001</date>
. P Schmidt [5 ƋƋı
<specimenCount id="59EFAC962A29BB0EFEC7E4DAE5CD2D9F" box="[357,417,420,444]" pageId="75" pageNumber="2305" type="female">3 ♀♀</specimenCount>
at
<collectionCode id="29F8FFDA2A29BB0EFE67E4DAE66B2D9F" box="[453,519,420,444]" pageId="75" pageNumber="2305">CEMT</collectionCode>
];
<emphasis id="7D9DBB0D2A29BB0EFDB4E4DAE60D2D9F" bold="true" box="[534,609,420,444]" pageId="75" pageNumber="2305">
<collectingRegion id="8D2DA9FD2A29BB0EFDB4E4DAE60D2D9F" box="[534,609,420,444]" country="Bolivia" name="La Paz" pageId="75" pageNumber="2305">La Paz</collectingRegion>
</emphasis>
: Nor Yungas. Caranavi.
<date id="3B5741DF2A29BB0EFCC0E4DAE7C12D9F" box="[866,941,420,444]" pageId="75" pageNumber="2305" value="1990-10">x-1990</date>
. P Arnaud [2 ƋƋ at
<collectionCode id="29F8FFDA2A29BB0EFF02E4B9E48E2DFC" box="[160,226,455,479]" pageId="75" pageNumber="2305">CEMT</collectionCode>
];
<emphasis id="7D9DBB0D2A29BB0EFF52E4B9E5002DFC" bold="true" box="[240,364,455,479]" pageId="75" pageNumber="2305">
<collectingRegion id="8D2DA9FD2A29BB0EFF52E4B9E5002DFC" box="[240,364,455,479]" country="Bolivia" name="Santa Cruz" pageId="75" pageNumber="2305">Santa Cruz</collectingRegion>
</emphasis>
: Chiquitos. Serrania Santiago. Fezes.
<date id="3B5741DF2A29BB0EFD54E4B9E70F2DFC" box="[758,867,455,479]" pageId="75" pageNumber="2305" value="2000-11-30">30.xi-2000</date>
.
<collectionCode id="29F8FFDA2A29BB0EFCC4E4B9E7192DFC" box="[870,885,455,479]" name="Tavera, Department of Geology and Geophysics" pageId="75" pageNumber="2305">T</collectionCode>
Guitierrez [
<specimenCount id="59EFAC962A29BB0EFC50E4B9E0742DFC" box="[1010,1048,455,479]" pageId="75" pageNumber="2305" type="female">1 ♀</specimenCount>
at
<collectionCode id="29F8FFDA2A29BB0EFB9BE4B9E0172DFC" box="[1081,1147,455,479]" pageId="75" pageNumber="2305">CEMT</collectionCode>
]; same municipality but prox. Santiago. 18
<geoCoordinate id="2ADD01D82A29BB0EFDF1E494E6C22E21" box="[595,686,489,514]" degrees="3" direction="south" minutes="20" orientation="latitude" pageId="75" pageNumber="2305" precision="15" seconds="10" value="-3.336111">
³20
<emphasis id="7D9DBB0D2A29BB0EFDD5E497E6102E22" bold="true" box="[631,636,489,513]" italics="true" pageId="75" pageNumber="2305">ʹ</emphasis>
10
<emphasis id="7D9DBB0D2A29BB0EFD34E497E6F32E22" box="[662,671,489,513]" italics="true" pageId="75" pageNumber="2305">”</emphasis>
S
</geoCoordinate>
; 59
<geoCoordinate id="2ADD01D82A29BB0EFD70E494E75A2E21" box="[722,822,489,514]" degrees="3" direction="west" minutes="35" orientation="longitude" pageId="75" pageNumber="2305" precision="15" seconds="00" value="-3.5833333">
³35
<emphasis id="7D9DBB0D2A29BB0EFD56E497E6952E22" bold="true" box="[756,761,489,513]" italics="true" pageId="75" pageNumber="2305">ʹ</emphasis>
00
<emphasis id="7D9DBB0D2A29BB0EFCB6E497E7712E22" box="[788,797,489,513]" italics="true" pageId="75" pageNumber="2305">”</emphasis>
W
</geoCoordinate>
. Bosque Chiquitano. Fezes. WD Edmonds &amp;
<collectionCode id="29F8FFDA2A29BB0EFE87E772E55E2E07" box="[293,306,524,548]" name="Tavera, Department of Geology and Geophysics" pageId="75" pageNumber="2305">T</collectionCode>
Vidaurre [1 Ƌı
<specimenCount id="59EFAC962A29BB0EFE7AE772E6782E07" box="[472,532,524,548]" pageId="75" pageNumber="2305" type="female">2 ♀♀</specimenCount>
at
<collectionCode id="29F8FFDA2A29BB0EFD9BE772E6172E07" box="[569,635,524,548]" pageId="75" pageNumber="2305">CEMT</collectionCode>
]; Florida. Prox. Samaitapa. 18³08
<emphasis id="7D9DBB0D2A29BB0EFC75E772E7B02E07" box="[983,988,524,548]" italics="true" pageId="75" pageNumber="2305">’</emphasis>
Sı 63
<geoCoordinate id="2ADD01D82A29BB0EFBB2E772E03D2E07" box="[1040,1105,524,548]" degrees="3" direction="west" minutes="48" orientation="longitude" pageId="75" pageNumber="2305" precision="925" value="-3.8">
³48
<emphasis id="7D9DBB0D2A29BB0EFB91E772E0542E07" bold="true" box="[1075,1080,524,548]" italics="true" pageId="75" pageNumber="2305">ʹ</emphasis>
W
</geoCoordinate>
. WD Edmonds &amp; P Reyes [2 ƋƋ at
<collectionCode id="29F8FFDA2A29BB0EFE40E751E6482E64" box="[482,548,559,583]" pageId="75" pageNumber="2305">CEMT</collectionCode>
]; San Jose. 17³06
<emphasis id="7D9DBB0D2A29BB0EFD7AE751E6B12E64" box="[728,733,559,583]" italics="true" pageId="75" pageNumber="2305">’</emphasis>
Sı 60
<geoCoordinate id="2ADD01D82A29BB0EFCB2E751E73D2E64" box="[784,849,559,583]" degrees="3" direction="west" minutes="47" orientation="longitude" pageId="75" pageNumber="2305" precision="925" value="-3.7833333">
³47
<emphasis id="7D9DBB0D2A29BB0EFC91E751E7542E64" bold="true" box="[819,824,559,583]" italics="true" pageId="75" pageNumber="2305">ʹ</emphasis>
W
</geoCoordinate>
. Bosque Chiquitano. Human Faeces.
<collectionCode id="29F8FFDA2A29BB0EFF59E72CE5642E49" box="[251,264,594,618]" name="Tavera, Department of Geology and Geophysics" pageId="75" pageNumber="2305">T</collectionCode>
Vidaurre [
<specimenCount id="59EFAC962A29BB0EFE27E72CE5A52E4A" box="[389,457,593,618]" pageId="75" pageNumber="2305" type="female">3 ♀♀</specimenCount>
at
<collectionCode id="29F8FFDA2A29BB0EFE59E72CE6522E49" box="[507,574,594,618]" pageId="75" pageNumber="2305">CEMT</collectionCode>
]; Velasco/Huanchaca. Parque Nacional Noel Kempf Mercado. 13³54
<emphasis id="7D9DBB0D2A29BB0EFEEFE70AE53E2EAF" bold="true" box="[333,338,628,652]" italics="true" pageId="75" pageNumber="2305">ʹ</emphasis>
12
<emphasis id="7D9DBB0D2A29BB0EFECEE70AE5192EAF" box="[364,373,628,652]" italics="true" pageId="75" pageNumber="2305">”</emphasis>
Sı 60
<geoCoordinate id="2ADD01D82A29BB0EFE0FE70AE67E2EAF" box="[429,530,628,652]" degrees="3" direction="west" minutes="48" orientation="longitude" pageId="75" pageNumber="2305" precision="15" seconds="57" value="-3.8158333">
³48
<emphasis id="7D9DBB0D2A29BB0EFE72E70AE5B92EAF" bold="true" box="[464,469,628,652]" italics="true" pageId="75" pageNumber="2305">ʹ</emphasis>
57
<emphasis id="7D9DBB0D2A29BB0EFE52E70AE5952EAF" box="[496,505,628,652]" italics="true" pageId="75" pageNumber="2305">”</emphasis>
W
</geoCoordinate>
.
<specimenCount id="59EFAC962A29BB0EFD82E70AE6032EAF" box="[544,623,628,652]" pageId="75" pageNumber="2305" type="generic">
<quantity id="8811CAFA2A29BB0EFD82E70AE6072EAF" box="[544,619,628,652]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="7.8" pageId="75" pageNumber="2305" unit="m" value="780.0">780 m</quantity>
.
</specimenCount>
S Spector[1 Ƌ at
<collectionCode id="29F8FFDA2A29BB0EFCE6E70AE7EA2EAF" box="[836,902,628,652]" pageId="75" pageNumber="2305">CEMT</collectionCode>
];
<emphasis id="7D9DBB0D2A29BB0EFC3BE70AE7B62EAF" bold="true" box="[921,986,628,652]" pageId="75" pageNumber="2305">
<collectingRegion id="8D2DA9FD2A29BB0EFC3BE70AE7B62EAF" box="[921,986,628,652]" country="Bolivia" name="Tarija" pageId="75" pageNumber="2305">Tarija</collectingRegion>
</emphasis>
. Quebrada del Abra.
<date id="3B5741DF2A29BB0EFF7DE7E9E5272E8C" box="[223,331,663,687]" pageId="75" pageNumber="2305" value="1998-02-25">25-ii-1998</date>
. Ayzama &amp; F Guerra [1 Ƌ.
<specimenCount id="59EFAC962A29BB0EFDC4E7E9E6CE2E8C" box="[614,674,663,687]" pageId="75" pageNumber="2305" type="female">2 ♀♀</specimenCount>
at
<collectionCode id="29F8FFDA2A29BB0EFD67E7E9E76B2E8C" box="[709,775,663,687]" pageId="75" pageNumber="2305">CEMT</collectionCode>
].
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="07F334942A29BB09FF02E7A2E5222CEA" lastPageId="76" lastPageNumber="2306" pageId="75" pageNumber="2305" type="description">
<paragraph id="4F56671F2A29BB0EFF02E7A2E01F2961" blockId="75.[160,1156,732,1346]" pageId="75" pageNumber="2305">
<emphasis id="7D9DBB0D2A29BB0EFF02E7A2E52A2ED6" bold="true" box="[160,326,732,757]" italics="true" pageId="75" pageNumber="2305">Redescription.</emphasis>
colour: blackı shiny.
<emphasis id="7D9DBB0D2A29BB0EFD99E7A2E61B2ED7" bold="true" box="[571,631,732,756]" pageId="75" pageNumber="2305">Head</emphasis>
: fronto-clypealı genal and inter-ocular surfaces smooth. Gena borders slightly curved inward. Cephalic carina longer than wideı conical rounded at apex.
<emphasis id="7D9DBB0D2A29BB0EFECDE65CE58F2F19" bold="true" box="[367,483,802,826]" pageId="75" pageNumber="2305">Pronotum</emphasis>
: borders smoothı not serrated. Pronotal disc shinyı lacking punctures and a central pair of rounded lobes on anterior portion. Region adjacent to eyes with coarse deeply impressed punctures. Posterior margin with a row of ocellate punctures.
<emphasis id="7D9DBB0D2A29BB0EFF02E6F4E5562F81" bold="true" box="[160,314,906,930]" pageId="75" pageNumber="2305">Metasternum</emphasis>
: sides and margins of anterior lobe covered by long hair. Anterior portion of anterior lobe glabrous but bearing coarse and ocellate punctures. Setigerous punctures equally spaced by their diameter at sides.
<emphasis id="7D9DBB0D2A29BB0EFDCEE6B1E6C22FC4" bold="true" box="[620,686,975,999]" pageId="75" pageNumber="2305">Elytra</emphasis>
: striae deeply impressed having fine punctures spaced by twice their diameter. First interstriae (near elytral suture) convex in relation to other interstriae which are almost flat (mainly near basis). Interstriae disc with dark brown colourı lacking microsculptureı with very fine punctures (20x magnification).
<emphasis id="7D9DBB0D2A29BB0EFC73E149E02F286C" bold="true" box="[977,1091,1079,1103]" pageId="75" pageNumber="2305">Abdomen</emphasis>
: sides of each ventrite excavated. 1st ventrite having 1
<emphasis id="7D9DBB0D2A29BB0EFD08E127E6DB2852" box="[682,695,1113,1137]" italics="true" pageId="75" pageNumber="2305">–</emphasis>
2 setae on sides. Puncture of each ventrite interrupted medially as well as groove along the posterior margin of sixth ventrite.
<emphasis id="7D9DBB0D2A29BB0EFBB3E102E0EF28B7" bold="true" box="[1041,1155,1148,1172]" pageId="75" pageNumber="2305">Aedeagus</emphasis>
(
<figureCitation id="D7D27B9A2A29BB0EFF05E1E1E5622894" box="[167,270,1183,1207]" captionStart="Figure 28" captionStartId="43.[160,225,1293,1316]" captionTargetBox="[166,1153,142,1261]" captionTargetId="figure@43.[163,1153,142,1261]" captionTargetPageId="43" captionText="Figure 28. D. fissiceps: (a) Lectotype dorsal habitus; (b) male dorsal habitus; (c) type labels; (d) paramera dorsal view; (e) paramera ventral view; (f) paramera lateral view." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3665571" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3665571/files/figure.png" pageId="75" pageNumber="2305">Figure 28</figureCitation>
(d-f)): dorsallyı paramere apexes roundedı parallel; longitudinal excavation present taking the whole paramera length; basal-rounded excavation present; sub-apical spine present
<emphasis id="7D9DBB0D2A29BB0EFF75E19AE48828DF" box="[215,228,1252,1276]" italics="true" pageId="75" pageNumber="2305">–</emphasis>
paramera abruptly narrowing towards apex after sub-apical spine. Laterallyı abrupt declivity from basis towards apex; lacking central excavation. Ventrallyı basis with three tuberclesı one central and two on each side. Subgenital plate basis and apex emarginated.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="4F56671F2A29BB09FF02E010E5222CEA" blockId="75.[160,1156,1390,1727]" lastBlockId="76.[160,1155,142,201]" lastPageId="76" lastPageNumber="2306" pageId="75" pageNumber="2305">
<emphasis id="7D9DBB0D2A29BB0EFF02E010E5AB29A4" bold="true" box="[160,455,1390,1415]" italics="true" pageId="75" pageNumber="2305">Morphological variation.</emphasis>
males BL: 15
<emphasis id="7D9DBB0D2A29BB0EFDC7E011E61E29A4" box="[613,626,1391,1415]" italics="true" pageId="75" pageNumber="2305">–</emphasis>
22 mmı PW:
<quantity id="8811CAFA2A29BB0EFCA6E011E71E29A4" box="[772,882,1391,1415]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.1" metricValueMax="1.4" metricValueMin="0.8" pageId="75" pageNumber="2305" unit="mm" value="11.0" valueMax="14.0" valueMin="8.0">
8
<emphasis id="7D9DBB0D2A29BB0EFCB0E011E77329A4" box="[786,799,1391,1415]" italics="true" pageId="75" pageNumber="2305">–</emphasis>
14 mm
</quantity>
. Male genitalia comparison allow us to identify three phenotypes. Larger males (redescribed above) bear pronotal lobes and cephalic horns well developed. Lobes of anterior portion of pronotal disc of smaller males are replaced by a single subtle protuberance and cephalic horn is produced in a single conical tubercle. Howeverı both males phenotypes have the same genitalia and the three phenotypes have similar puncture and hair distribution pattern. Females BL: 16
<emphasis id="7D9DBB0D2A29BB0EFF19E341E4A42A74" box="[187,200,1599,1623]" italics="true" pageId="75" pageNumber="2305">–</emphasis>
17 mmı PW:
<quantity id="8811CAFA2A29BB0EFEF5E341E5F72A74" box="[343,411,1599,1623]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="9.0" pageId="75" pageNumber="2305" unit="mm" value="9.0">9 mm</quantity>
. Distinguished from males as follows: Head: fronto-clypeal surface striated. Coarse puncture present posterior to cephalic carina near both eyes. Cephalic carina transversalı forming a weak pair of tubercles. Pronotum: simply convexı lacking lobes. Elytra: striae deeply impressedı punctures separated by twice their diameter. Blue sheen present near basis. Abdomen: sixth ventrite bearing a pair of weak tubercles at central portion.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="07F334942A2EBB09FF02E58BE7AC2D2D" box="[160,960,245,270]" pageId="76" pageNumber="2306" type="distribution">
<paragraph id="4F56671F2A2EBB09FF02E58BE7AC2D2D" blockId="76.[160,960,245,270]" box="[160,960,245,270]" pageId="76" pageNumber="2306">
<emphasis id="7D9DBB0D2A2EBB09FF02E58BE55F2D2D" bold="true" box="[160,307,245,270]" italics="true" pageId="76" pageNumber="2306">Distribution.</emphasis>
forest habitats at Bolivian
<collectingRegion id="8D2DA9FD2A2EBB09FDCBE588E6C32D2D" box="[617,687,246,270]" country="Argentina" name="Chaco" pageId="76" pageNumber="2306">Chaco</collectingRegion>
and Yungas (
<figureCitation id="D7D27B9A2A2EBB09FCEBE588E7DF2D2D" box="[841,947,246,270]" captionStart="Figure 29" captionStartId="44.[160,225,1020,1043]" captionTargetBox="[164,1152,142,988]" captionTargetId="figure@44.[163,1153,142,989]" captionTargetPageId="44" captionText="Figure 29. Distribution map of D. fissiceps and D. reichei." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3665573" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3665573/files/figure.png" pageId="76" pageNumber="2306">Figure 29</figureCitation>
).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="07F334942A2EBB09FF02E445E5292D55" pageId="76" pageNumber="2306" type="discussion">
<paragraph id="4F56671F2A2EBB09FF02E445E5292D55" blockId="76.[160,1156,315,374]" pageId="76" pageNumber="2306">
<emphasis id="7D9DBB0D2A2EBB09FF02E445E5602D77" bold="true" box="[160,268,315,340]" italics="true" pageId="76" pageNumber="2306">Remarks.</emphasis>
chosen
<typeStatus id="9052D9BD2A2EBB09FED6E442E58F2D77" box="[372,483,316,340]" pageId="76" pageNumber="2306" type="lectotype">Lectotype</typeStatus>
of
<taxonomicName id="88E91C9C2A2EBB09FDABE442E6DB2D77" authorityName="Felsche" authorityYear="1901" box="[521,695,316,340]" class="Insecta" family="Scarabaeidae" genus="Pinotus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="76" pageNumber="2306" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="fissiceps">
<emphasis id="7D9DBB0D2A2EBB09FDABE442E6DB2D77" box="[521,695,316,340]" italics="true" pageId="76" pageNumber="2306">Pinotus fissiceps</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
is the most developed male of Felsche
<emphasis id="7D9DBB0D2A2EBB09FBD1E442E0152D77" box="[1139,1145,316,340]" italics="true" pageId="76" pageNumber="2306">’</emphasis>
s
<typeStatus id="9052D9BD2A2EBB09FF02E420E4942D55" box="[160,248,350,374]" pageId="76" pageNumber="2306" type="syntype">syntype</typeStatus>
series.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>
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